Author: "Subhabrata Mitra" / Topic: business - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Subhabrata Mitra"' showing total 32 results

Start Over Author "Subhabrata Mitra" Topic business

32 results on '"Subhabrata Mitra"'

1. Prognostic value of neonatal EEG following therapeutic hypothermia in survivors of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Author: Magdalena Sokolska, Giles S Kendall, Judith Meek, Thalitha Mabuza, Kimberley Whitehead, Nicola J. Robertson, Angela Huertas-Ceballos, Tuomas Koskela, Sara Fatima Memon, and Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal eeg, Encephalopathy, Brain damage, Electroencephalography, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, Article, Asphyxia, Child Development, Hypothermia, Induced, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Survivors, Brain injury, Active sleep, Retrospective Studies, Quiet sleep, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Cognition, Hypothermia, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Sensory Systems, Spontaneous activity transients, Neurology, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Cardiology, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Highlights • Higher power of cortical bursts after postnatal day 3 predicted worse cognitive, language and motor outcomes. • Association between cortical bursts and outcome was independent of structural MRI findings. • EEG may provide additional information by indexing persistent active mechanisms that support recovery or exacerbate damage., Objective Early prediction of neurological deficits following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) may help to target support. Neonatal animal models suggest that recovery following hypoxia-ischemia depends upon cortical bursting. To test whether this holds in human neonates, we correlated the magnitude of cortical bursting during recovery (≥postnatal day 3) with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Methods We identified 41 surviving infants who received therapeutic hypothermia for HIE (classification at hospital discharge: 19 mild, 18 moderate, 4 severe) and had 9-channel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings as part of their routine care. We correlated burst power with Bayley-III cognitive, motor and language scores at median 24 months. To examine whether EEG offered additional prognostic information, we controlled for structural MRI findings. Results Higher power of central and occipital cortical bursts predicted worse cognitive and language outcomes, and higher power of central cortical bursts predicted worse motor outcome, all independently of structural MRI findings. Conclusions Clinical EEG after postnatal day 3 may provide additional prognostic information by indexing persistent active mechanisms that either support recovery or exacerbate brain damage, especially in infants with less severe encephalopathy. Significance These findings could allow for the effect of clinical interventions in the neonatal period to be studied instantaneously in the future.
Published: 2021

2. Role of Optical Neuromonitoring in Neonatal Encephalopathy—Current State and Recent Advances

Author: Frédéric Lange, Nicola J. Robertson, Ilias Tachtsidis, Subhabrata Mitra, and Kelly Harvey-Jones
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, cerebral haemodynamics and oxygenation, Optical measurements, Population, Review, newborn brain injury, Pediatrics, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, cerebral metabolism, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, cerebral oxygenation, Intensive care medicine, education, education.field_of_study, Modalities, Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), business.industry, Neonatal encephalopathy, neonatal encephalopathy, lcsh:RJ1-570, NIRS (near infrared spectroscopy), lcsh:Pediatrics, medicine.disease, Cerebral blood flow, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Research studies, Active treatment, business, neonatal neuromonitoring, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) in term and near-term infants is a significant global health problem; the worldwide burden of disease remains high despite the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia. Assessment of injury severity and effective management in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) relies on multiple monitoring modalities from systemic to brain-specific. Current neuromonitoring tools provide information utilized for seizure management, injury stratification, and prognostication, whilst systemic monitoring ensures multi-organ dysfunction is recognized early and supported wherever needed. The neuromonitoring technologies currently used in NE however, have limitations in either their availability during the active treatment window or their reliability to prognosticate and stratify injury confidently in the early period following insult. There is therefore a real need for a neuromonitoring tool that provides cot side, early and continuous monitoring of brain health which can reliably stratify injury severity, monitor response to current and emerging treatments, and prognosticate outcome. The clinical use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology has increased in recent years. Research studies within this population have also increased, alongside the development of both instrumentation and signal processing techniques. Increasing use of commercially available cerebral oximeters in the NICU, and the introduction of advanced optical measurements using broadband NIRS (BNIRS), frequency domain NIRS (FDNIRS), and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) have widened the scope by allowing the direct monitoring of oxygen metabolism and cerebral blood flow, both key to understanding pathophysiological changes and predicting outcome in NE. This review discusses the role of optical neuromonitoring in NE and why this modality may provide the next significant piece of the puzzle toward understanding the real time state of the injured newborn brain.
Published: 2021

3. Systems Biology Model of Cerebral Oxygen Delivery and Metabolism During Therapeutic Hypothermia: Application to the Piglet Model

Author: Ingran Lingam, Cornelius Bauer, Gemma Bale, Adnan Avdic-Belltheus, Ilias Tachtsidis, Kathryn A. Martinello, Pardis Kaynezhad, Joshua Russell-Buckland, Alan Bainbridge, Christopher Meehan, Subhabrata Mitra, and Nicola J. Robertson
Subjects: business.industry, Mechanism (biology), Systems biology, Metabolism, Hypothermia, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Model parameter, Oxygen delivery, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cerebral oxygen, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cause of death
Abstract: Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of death and disability. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only available standard of treatment, but 45–55% of cases still result in death or neurodevelopmental disability following TH. This work has focussed on developing a new brain tissue physiology and biochemistry systems biology model that includes temperature effects, as well as a Bayesian framework for analysis of model parameter estimation. Through this, we can simulate the effects of temperature on brain tissue oxygen delivery and metabolism, as well as analyse clinical and experimental data to identify mechanisms to explain differing behaviour and outcome. Presented here is an application of the model to data from two piglets treated with TH following hypoxic-ischaemic injury showing different responses and outcome following treatment. We identify the main mechanism for this difference as the Q10 temperature coefficient for metabolic reactions, with the severely injured piglet having a median posterior value of 0.133 as opposed to the mild injury value of 5.48. This work demonstrates the use of systems biology models to investigate underlying mechanisms behind the varying response to hypothermic treatment.
Published: 2021

4. Optimizing hemodynamic care in neonatal encephalopathy

Author: Alison Mintoft, Rose Crowley, M Sellwood, Raymand Pang, Nicola J. Robertson, and Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Hemodynamics, Perfusion scanning, Cerebral autoregulation, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hypothermia, Induced, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Hemodynamic care, Neonatal encephalopathy, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Brain, Infant, Hypothermia, medicine.disease, Blood pressure, Cerebral blood flow, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Hemodynamic impairment occurs in up to 80% of infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Not all infants benefit from therapeutic hypothermia (HT); there are some indications that the trajectory of brain injury might be modified by neurologic monitoring and early management over the first 72-h period. It is also possible that optimizing hemodynamic management may further improve outomes. The coupling between cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolism is disrupted in NE, increasing the vulnerability of the newborn brain to secondary injury. Hemodynamic monitoring is usually limited to blood pressure and functional echocardiographic measurements, which may not accurately reflect brain perfusion. This review explores the evidence base for hemodynamic assessment and management of infants with NE while undergoing HT. We discuss the literature behind a systematic approach to a baby with NE with the aim to define best therapies to optimize brain perfusion and reduce secondary injury.
Published: 2020

5. G576(P) Sacrococcygeal teratoma: prenatal diagnosis to post-surgical follow up

Author: G. Attilakos, Y Negreskul, P De Coppi, Katherine Mary Burnand, Subhabrata Mitra, A Yulia, and M Sellwood
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Obstetrics, Medical record, Prenatal diagnosis, Coccygectomy, medicine.disease, In utero, Cohort, Medicine, Gestation, business, Sacrococcygeal teratoma, Survival rate
Abstract: Introduction Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common neonatal tumour. Albeit perinatal and surgical complications have been extensively reported, the information regarding the natural history of SCT from prenatal diagnosis to post-surgical outcome beyond the neonatal period is limited. The aim of this study was to review the outcome in a cohort of newborn infants delivered over 15 years in a single tertiary centre in the UK following prenatal diagnosis to surgical resection and long-term follow-up. Methods Newborn infants with a prenatal diagnosis of SCT and delivered between 2004 and 2018 were identified from the hospital records. Following initial stabilisation, infants were transferred to a local surgical centre. Medical records in both centres were reviewed retrospectively for demographic information, tumour characteristics, perinatal status, surgical details and post-surgical complications. Results 19 cases of SCT were identified over 15 years (2.2:1 female-to-male ratio). Most were of Altman type II (68%) with mature histology (57.9%), mixed morphology (47%), and minimal or moderate vascularity (52.6%). No teratomas were malignant. In utero complications included polyhydramniosis (31.5%), high-output failure (26%) and bilateral hydronephrosis (10.5%). There was one perinatal death (related to immediate postnatal haemorrhage), however, no intrauterine demises or stillbirth noted. Average gestation at delivery was 34+6 weeks. Majority were delivered by elective C-section (58%). 52.6% of infants required support at birth which was associated more with male gender; larger, fast-growing and vascular tumours; presence of in utero complications, pre-term delivery and emergency C-section. The commonest surgical approach was prone (83%) with coccygectomy reported in 87.5%. 12.5% of cases were complicated by tumour spillage and incomplete resection. No recurrences noted. Long-term surgical complications were common and included gastrointestinal (62.5%), urological (37.5%), local (31%) and neurological/gait (18.8%). Surgical complications were higher with male gender, higher birthweight, delayed prenatal detection, larger size, fast growth, immature histology, feeding vessels and a greater AFP half-life. Furthermore, surgical complications were more frequent with in utero interventions. Conclusion Overall, SCTs had favourable prognosis with 95% survival rate. While poor condition at delivery was associated with known risk factors, long-term complications were not always predicted by early complications or poor condition at birth.
Published: 2020

6. A machine-learning algorithm for neonatal seizure recognition: a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial

Author: Eugene M. Dempsey, Elena Pavlidis, Sean Mathieson, Mona C. Toet, Olga Kapellou, Mikael Finder, Mats Blennow, Geraldine B. Boylan, Ronit M. Pressler, Lauren C. Weeke, Andreea M Pavel, Alexander C. van Huffelen, William P. Marnane, Deirdre M. Murray, Subhabrata Mitra, Vicki Livingstone, Divyen K Shah, Janet M. Rennie, Adrienne Foran, and Linda S. de Vries
Subjects: Interobserver agreement, Friends, Burden, Electroencephalography, Care, law.invention, Machine Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, Deep Learning, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary outcome, Corrected Gestational Age, Randomized controlled trial, law, Seizures, 030225 pediatrics, Intensive care, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, EEG, Neonatal seizure, Monitoring, Physiologic, Netherlands, Sweden, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Articles, United Kingdom, Seizure detection, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, False detection, Intensive Care, Neonatal, business, Electrographic seizures, Algorithm, Ireland, Algorithms
Abstract: Summary Background Despite the availability of continuous conventional electroencephalography (cEEG), accurate diagnosis of neonatal seizures is challenging in clinical practice. Algorithms for decision support in the recognition of neonatal seizures could improve detection. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of an automated seizure detection algorithm called Algorithm for Neonatal Seizure Recognition (ANSeR). Methods This multicentre, randomised, two-arm, parallel, controlled trial was done in eight neonatal centres across Ireland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK. Neonates with a corrected gestational age between 36 and 44 weeks with, or at significant risk of, seizures requiring EEG monitoring, received cEEG plus ANSeR linked to the EEG monitor displaying a seizure probability trend in real time (algorithm group) or cEEG monitoring alone (non-algorithm group). The primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and false detection rate) of health-care professionals to identify neonates with electrographic seizures and seizure hours with and without the support of the ANSeR algorithm. Neonates with data on the outcome of interest were included in the analysis. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT02431780 . Findings Between Feb 13, 2015, and Feb 7, 2017, 132 neonates were randomly assigned to the algorithm group and 132 to the non-algorithm group. Six neonates were excluded (four from the algorithm group and two from the non-algorithm group). Electrographic seizures were present in 32 (25·0%) of 128 neonates in the algorithm group and 38 (29·2%) of 130 neonates in the non-algorithm group. For recognition of neonates with electrographic seizures, sensitivity was 81·3% (95% CI 66·7–93·3) in the algorithm group and 89·5% (78·4–97·5) in the non-algorithm group; specificity was 84·4% (95% CI 76·9–91·0) in the algorithm group and 89·1% (82·5–94·7) in the non-algorithm group; and the false detection rate was 36·6% (95% CI 22·7–52·1) in the algorithm group and 22·7% (11·6–35·9) in the non-algorithm group. We identified 659 h in which seizures occurred (seizure hours): 268 h in the algorithm versus 391 h in the non-algorithm group. The percentage of seizure hours correctly identified was higher in the algorithm group than in the non-algorithm group (177 [66·0%; 95% CI 53·8–77·3] of 268 h vs 177 [45·3%; 34·5–58·3] of 391 h; difference 20·8% [3·6–37·1]). No significant differences were seen in the percentage of neonates with seizures given at least one inappropriate antiseizure medication (37·5% [95% CI 25·0 to 56·3] vs 31·6% [21·1 to 47·4]; difference 5·9% [–14·0 to 26·3]). Interpretation ANSeR, a machine-learning algorithm, is safe and able to accurately detect neonatal seizures. Although the algorithm did not enhance identification of individual neonates with seizures beyond conventional EEG, recognition of seizure hours was improved with use of ANSeR. The benefit might be greater in less experienced centres, but further study is required. Funding Wellcome Trust, Science Foundation Ireland, and Nihon Kohden.
Published: 2020

7. Metabolic brain measurements in the newborn: Advances in optical technologies

Author: Gemma Bale, Ilias Tachtsidis, and Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, optical monitoring, Physiology, Reviews, Cerebral metabolism, Brain tissue, Review, intensive care medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, lcsh:Physiology, Newborn brain, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Intensive care, cerebral metabolism, Sick Newborn, Medicine, Humans, Intensive care medicine, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, lcsh:QP1-981, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Brain, biomarkers, Electroencephalography, near‐infrared spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurophysiological Monitoring, Topical review, neonatal medicine, Intensive Care, Neonatal, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Neonatal monitoring in neonatal intensive care is pushing the technological boundaries of newborn brain monitoring in order to improve patient outcome. There is an urgent need of a cot side, real time monitoring for assessment of brain injury severity and neurodevelopmental outcome, in particular for term newborn infants with hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury. This topical review discusses why brain tissue metabolic monitoring is important in this group of infants and introduces the currently used neuromonitoring techniques for metabolic monitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). New optical techniques that can monitor changes in brain metabolism together with brain hemodynamics at the cot side are presented. Early studies from these emerging technologies have demonstrated their potential to deliver continuous information regarding cerebral physiological changes in sick newborn infants in real time. The promises of these new tools as well as their potential limitations are discussed., A summary of the available metabolic neuromonitoring techniques is shown in the abstract diagram.
Published: 2020

8. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measured Cerebral Blood Flow from Spontaneous Oxygenation Changes in Neonatal Brain Injury

Author: Nicola J. Robertson, Aleh Sudakou, Ilias Tachtsidis, Gemma Bale, Isabel de Roever, Subhabrata Mitra, Nathan Taylor, and Judith Meek
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebral oxygenation, Internal medicine, medicine, Neonatal brain, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Oximetry, Severe injury, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Infant, Newborn, Brain, Oxygenation, Oxygen, Pulse oximetry, Cerebral blood flow, Brain Injuries, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cardiology, business, Research Article
Abstract: Neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic (HI) brain injury were monitored using a broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system in the neonatal intensive care unit. The aim of this work is to use the NIRS cerebral oxygenation data (HbD = oxygenated-haemoglobin - deoxygenated-haemoglobin) combined with arterial saturation (SaO2) from pulse oximetry to calculate cerebral blood flow (CBF) based on the oxygen swing method, during spontaneous desaturation episodes. The method is based on Fick's principle and uses HbD as a tracer; when a sudden change in SaO2 occurs, the change in HbD represents a change in tracer concentration, and thus it is possible to estimate CBF. CBF was successfully calculated with broadband NIRS in 11 HIE infants (3 with severe injury) for 70 oxygenation events on the day of birth. The average CBF was 18.0 ± 12.7 ml 100 g-1 min-1 with a range of 4 ml 100 g-1 min-1 to 60 ml 100 g-1 min-1. For infants with severe HIE (as determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy) CBF was significantly lower (p = 0.038, d = 1.35) than those with moderate HIE on the day of birth.
Published: 2020

9. Changes in Brain Tissue Oxygenation and Metabolism During Rewarming After Neonatal Encephalopathy are Related to Electrical Abnormality

Author: Ilias Tachtsidis, Subhabrata Mitra, Judith Meek, Gemma Bale, Isabel de Roever, and Nicola J. Robertson
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, Neonatal encephalopathy, business.industry, Metabolism, Oxygenation, Hypothermia, Electroencephalography, medicine.disease, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Biomarker (medicine), 030212 general & internal medicine, Abnormality, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) leads to significant mortality and morbidity, and therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become a standard of care following HIE. After TH, the body temperature is brought back to 37 °C. Early electroencephalography (EEG) is a reliable outcome biomarker following HIE. We hypothesized that changes in cerebral oxidative metabolism, measured as Δ[oxCCO], in relation to changes in brain tissue oxygenation (measured as Δ[HbD]) during rewarming will correlate with injury severity as evidenced on amplitude integrated EEG/EEG at initial presentation. Broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and systemic data were collected during rewarming from 14 infants following HIE over a mean period of 12.5 h. All infants were monitored with video EEG telemetry using a standard neonatal montage. aEEG and EEG background was classified into mild, moderate and severely abnormal groups based on the background pattern. Two infants had mild, 6 infants had moderate and another 6 infants had severe abnormality at presentation. The relationship between [oxCCO] and [HbD] was evaluated between two groups of infants with abnormal electrical activity (mild vs moderate to severe). A significant difference was noted between the groups in the relationship between [oxCCO] and [HbD] (as r2) (p = 0.02). This result indicates that the mitochondrial injury and deranged oxidative metabolism persists in the moderate to severely abnormal group during rewarming.
Published: 2020

10. Management and investigation of neonatal encephalopathy: 2017 update

Author: Anthony R Hart, Sufin Yap, Kathryn A. Martinello, Subhabrata Mitra, and Nicola J. Robertson
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Resuscitation, Developmental Disabilities, Encephalopathy, Review, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hypothermia, Induced, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, resuscitation of the newborn, Asystole, Intensive care medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), Asphyxia Neonatorum, business.industry, Neonatal encephalopathy, neonatal encephalopathy, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cardiorespiratory fitness, General Medicine, Hypothermia, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Number needed to treat, Female, neuroprotection, medicine.symptom, business, Infant, Premature, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: This review discusses an approach to determining the cause of neonatal encephalopathy, as well as current evidence on resuscitation and subsequent management of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Encephalopathy in neonates can be due to varied aetiologies in addition to hypoxic-ischaemia. A combination of careful history, examination and the judicious use of investigations can help determine the cause. Over the last 7 years, infants with moderate to severe HIE have benefited from the introduction of routine therapeutic hypothermia; the number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome is 7 (95% CI 5 to 10). More recent research has focused on optimal resuscitation practices for babies with cardiorespiratory depression, such as delayed cord clamping after establishment of ventilation and resuscitation in air. Around a quarter of infants with asystole at 10 min after birth who are subsequently cooled have normal outcomes, suggesting that individualised decision making on stopping resuscitation is needed, based on access to intensive treatment unit and early cooling. The full benefit of cooling appears to have been exploited in our current treatment protocols of 72 hours at 33.5°C; deeper and longer cooling showed adverse outcome. The challenge over the next 5–10 years will be to assess which adjunct therapies are safe and optimise hypothermic brain protection in phase I and phase II trials. Optimal care may require tailoring treatments according to gender, genetic risk, injury severity and inflammatory status.
Published: 2017

11. Illuminating Metabolism: Investigating Neonatal Brain Injury with Broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Author: Gemma Bale, Nicola J. Robertson, Judith Meek, Isabel de Roever, Ilias Tachtsidis, and Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: Nuclear magnetic resonance, business.industry, Broadband, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Neonatal brain, Medicine, business
Published: 2019

12. Absolute quantification of cerebral tissue oxygen saturation with multidistance broadband NIRS in newborn brain

Author: Zuzana Kovacsova, Ilias Tachtsidis, Gemma Bale, Subhabrata Mitra, and Frédéric Lange
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Accuracy and precision, business.industry, Absolute quantification, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Oxygenation, 01 natural sciences, Article, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Imaging phantom, 010309 optics, Newborn brain, 03 medical and health sciences, Intensive care, 0103 physical sciences, Medicine, Cerebral tissue, business, 030304 developmental biology, Biotechnology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Tissue oximetry with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a technique for the measurement of absolute tissue oxygen saturation (StO2). Offering a real-time and non-invasive assessment of brain oxygenation and haemodynamics, StO2 has potential to be used for the assessment of newborn brain injury. Multiple algorithms have been developed to measure StO2, however, issues with low measurement accuracy or extracranial tissue signal contamination remain. In this work, we present a novel algorithm to recover StO2 in the neonate, broadband multidistance oximetry (BRUNO), based on a measurement of the gradient of attenuation against distance measured with broadband NIRS. The performance of the algorithm was compared to two other published algorithms, broadband fitting (BF) and spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS). The median error when recovering StO2 in light transport simulations on a neonatal head mesh was 0.4% with BRUNO, 4.2% with BF and 9.5% with SRS. BRUNO was more sensitive to brain tissue oxygenation changes, shown in layered head model simulations. Comparison of algorithm performance during full oxygenation-deoxygenation cycles in a homogeneous dynamic blood phantom showed significant differences in the dynamic range of the algorithms; BRUNO recovered StO2 over 0–100%, BF over 0–90% and SRS over 39–80%. Recovering StO2 from data collected in a neonate treated at the neonatal intensive care showed different baseline values; mean StO2 was 64.9% with BRUNO, 67.2% with BF and 73.2% with SRS. These findings highlight the effect of StO2 algorithm selection on oxygenation recovery; applying BRUNO in the clinical care setting could reveal further insight into complex haemodynamic processes occurring during neonatal brain injury.
Published: 2021

13. Neonatal jaundice: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment

Author: Subhabrata Mitra and Janet M. Rennie
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Bilirubin, medicine.medical_treatment, Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood, Exchange transfusion, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, business.industry, Albumin, Infant, Newborn, General Medicine, Jaundice, Phototherapy, medicine.disease, Nice guideline, Jaundice, Neonatal, chemistry, Term Infant, Etiology, Kernicterus, medicine.symptom, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract: A significant proportion of term and preterm infants develop neonatal jaundice. Jaundice in an otherwise healthy term infant is the most common reason for readmission to hospital. Jaundice is caused by an increase in serum bilirubin levels, largely as a result of breakdown of red blood cells. Bilirubin is conveyed in the blood as ‘unconjugated’ bilirubin, largely bound to albumin. The liver converts bilirubin into a conjugated form which is excreted in the bile. Very high levels of unconjugated bilirubin are neurotoxic. Phototherapy is a simple and effective way to reduce the bilirubin level. Most term babies have ‘physiological’ jaundice which responds to a short period of phototherapy, and requires no other treatment. A few babies have rapidly rising bilirubin levels which place them at risk of kernicterus. Current management of jaundice in the UK is guided by the NICE guideline. Any infant with high serum bilirubin or a rapidly rising bilirubin level needs to be treated urgently to avoid neurotoxicity. High levels of conjugated bilirubin in a term baby can indicate biliary atresia, and babies with persisting jaundice must have their level of conjugated bilirubin measured. Preterm infants on long-term parenteral nutrition may develop conjugated jaundice which generally improves with the introduction of enteral feed and weaning of intravenous nutrition.
Published: 2017

14. Brain Perfusion Imaging in Neonates: An Overview

Author: F. Le Jeune, Maïa Proisy, Subhabrata Mitra, C. Uria-Avellana, Nicola J. Robertson, Magdalena Sokolska, Jean-Christophe Ferré, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Department of Neonatology [London], Institute for Women's Health [London], University College London Hospitals (UCLH)-University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Institute of Neurology [London], University College of London [London] (UCL), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR)
Subjects: business.industry, Perfusion scanning, Brain damage, medicine.disease, Pediatrics, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, 3. Good health, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Perinatal asphyxia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Cerebral blood flow, Neuroimaging, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Neuroscience, Perfusion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The development of cognitive function in children has been related to a regional metabolic increase and an increase in regional brain perfusion. Moreover, brain perfusion plays an important role in the pathogenesis of brain damage in high-risk neonates, both preterm and full-term asphyxiated infants. In this article, we will review and discuss several existing imaging techniques for assessing neonatal brain perfusion.
Published: 2016

15. Interrelationship Between Broadband NIRS Measurements of Cerebral Cytochrome C Oxidase and Systemic Changes Indicates Injury Severity in Neonatal Encephalopathy

Author: Isabel de Roever, Nicola J. Robertson, Judith Meek, Gemma Bale, Ilias Tachtsidis, Marcus Chan, Subhabrata Mitra, and Alexander Caicedo-Dorado
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Neonatal encephalopathy, business.industry, Hypoxic ischaemic brain injury, Hemodynamics, Oxygenation, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Perinatal hypoxic - ischaemic encephalopathy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Anesthesia, medicine, biology.protein, Cardiology, Cytochrome c oxidase, Metabolic Marker, 030212 general & internal medicine, Multivariate statistical, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with severe neurodevelopmental problems and mortality. There is a clinical need for techniques to provide cotside assessment of the injury extent. This study aims to use non-invasive cerebral broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in combination with systemic physiology to assess the severity of HIE injury. Broadband NIRS is used to measure the changes in haemodynamics, oxygenation and the oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase (oxCCO). We used canonical correlation analysis (CCA), a multivariate statistical technique, to measure the relationship between cerebral broadband NIRS measurements and systemic physiology. A strong relationship between the metabolic marker, oxCCO, and systemic changes indicated severe brain injury; if more than 60 % of the oxCCO signal could be explained by the systemic variations, then the neurodevelopmental outcome was poor. This boundary has high sensitivity and specificity (100 and 83 %, respectively). Broadband NIRS measured concentration changes of the oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase has the potential to become a useful cotside tool for assessment of injury severity following hypoxic ischaemic brain injury.
Published: 2016

16. Relationship Between Cerebral Cytochrome-C-Oxidase and Oxygenation is Associated with Brain Injury Severity in Birth Asphyxiated Infants

Author: Judith Meek, Ilias Tachtsidis, Gemma Bale, Subhabrata Mitra, and Nicola J. Robertson
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Severe injury, genetic structures, biology, business.industry, Encephalopathy, Oxygenation, Cerebral metabolism, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesia, 0103 physical sciences, biology.protein, Medicine, Cytochrome c oxidase, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Broadband NIRS was used to monitor neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in the first days of life. A high correlation between cerebral metabolism and oxygenation during spontaneous hypoxias was significantly associated with severe injury.
Published: 2016

17. Relationship Between Cerebral Oxygenation and Metabolism During Rewarming in Newborn Infants After Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Author: Judith Meek, Ilias Tachtsidis, Subhabrata Mitra, Nicola J. Robertson, Cristina Uria-Avellanal, and Gemma Bale
Subjects: business.industry, chemistry.chemical_element, Metabolism, Oxygenation, Hypothermia, Oxygen, Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood pressure, Cerebral oxygenation, chemistry, 030225 pediatrics, Anesthesia, Heart rate, Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become a standard of care following hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). After TH, body temperature is brought back to 37 °C over 14 h. Lactate/N-acetylasperatate (Lac/NAA) peak area ratio on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) is the best available outcome biomarker following HIE. We hypothesized that broadband near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measured changes in the oxidation state of cytochrome-c-oxidase concentration (Δ[oxCCO]) and cerebral hemodynamics during rewarming would relate to Lac/NAA. Broadband NIRS and systemic data were collected during rewarming from 14 infants following HIE over a mean period of 12.5 h. (1)H MRS was performed on day 5-9. Heart rate increased by 20/min during rewarming while blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) remained stable. The relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and oxygenation (measured as Δ[oxCCO] and Δ[HbD], respectively) was calculated by linear regression analysis. This was reviewed in three groups: Lac/NAA values 1. Mean regression coefficient (r (2)) values in these groups were 0.41 (±0.27), 0.22 (±0.21) and 0.01, respectively. The relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and oxygenation became impaired with rising Lac/NAA. Cardiovascular parameters remained stable during rewarming.
Published: 2016

18. Transient haemodynamic events in neurologically compromised infants: A simultaneous EEG and diffuse optical imaging study

Author: Adam Gibson, A. W. Michell, Nick Everdell, H. O'Reilly, Robert J. Cooper, Jeremy C. Hebden, Subhabrata Mitra, and Topun Austin
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, Hemodynamics, Electroencephalography, Sensitivity and Specificity, Neuroimaging, Nephelometry and Turbidimetry, Control data, Internal medicine, Neonatal brain, Humans, Medicine, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Brain, Reproducibility of Results, Oxygenation, Diffuse optical imaging, Oxygen, Neurology, Cerebral blood flow, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cardiology, Female, business, Neuroscience
Abstract: We describe a series of novel simultaneous EEG and diffuse optical imaging studies of newborn infants. These experiments provide evidence of large, transient haemodynamic events which occur repeatedly and consistently within and across several infants with neurological damage, all of whom were diagnosed with seizures. A simple but independent process of rejecting artifacts and identifying events within diffuse optical imaging data is described, and this process is applied to data from 4 neurologically damaged neonates and from 19 healthy, age-matched controls. This method results in the consistent identification of events in three out of four of the neurologically damaged infant group which are dominated by a slow (> 30 s) and significant increase in oxyhaemoglobin concentration, followed by a rapid and significant decrease before a slow return to baseline. No comparable events are found in any of our control data sets. The importance and physiological implications of our findings are discussed, as is the suitability of a combined EEG and diffuse optical imaging approach to the study and monitoring of neonatal brain injury.
Published: 2011

19. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy lactate/N-acetylaspartate within 2 weeks of birth accurately predicts 2-year motor, cognitive and language outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy after therapeutic hypothermia

Author: David Price, Mary Dinan, Roxana Gunny, Nicola J. Robertson, Giles S. Kendall, Magdalena Sokolska, Angela Huertas-Ceballos, Subhabrata Mitra, Alan Bainbridge, Katie Mckinnon, Xavier Golay, and Cristina Uria-Avellanal
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hypothermia, Induced, 030225 pediatrics, Fractional anisotropy, Humans, Medicine, Cognitive Dysfunction, Language Development Disorders, Neonatology, N-acetylaspartate, Peak area, Aspartic Acid, business.industry, Neonatal encephalopathy, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cognition, General Medicine, Hypothermia, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Proton magnetic resonance, Anesthesia, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: ObjectiveBrain proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) lactate/N-acetylaspartate (Lac/NAA) peak area ratio is used for prognostication in neonatal encephalopathy (NE). At 3 Tesla in NE babies, the objectives were to assess: (1) sensitivity and specificity of basal ganglia and thalamus (BGT) 1H MRS Lac/NAA for the prediction of Bayley III outcomes at 2 years using optimised metabolite fitting (Tarquin) with threonine and total NAA; (2) prediction of motor outcome with diffusion-weighted MRI; (3) BGT Lac/NAA correlation with the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) MRI score.Subjects and methods55 (16 inborn, 39 outborn) infants at 39w+5 d (35w+5d–42w+0d) with NE admitted between February 2012 and August 2014 to University College London Hospitals for therapeutic hypothermia underwent MRI and 1H MRS at 3T on day 2–14 (median day 5). MRIs were scored. Bayley III was assessed at 24 (22–26) months.Results16 babies died (1 inborn, 15 outborn); 20, 19 and 21 babies had poor motor, cognitive and language outcomes. Using a threshold of 0.39, sensitivity and specificity of BGT Lac/NAA for 2-year motor outcome was 100% and 97%, cognition 90% and 97% and language 81% and 97%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for motor outcome of mean diffusivity (threshold 0.001 mm2/s) up to day 9 was 72% and 100% and fractional anisotropy (threshold 0.198) was 39% and 94%, respectively. Lac/NAA correlated with BGT injury on NICHD scores (2A, 2B, 3).ConclusionBGT Lac/NAA on 1H MRS at 3T within 14 days accurately predicts 2-year motor, cognitive and language outcome and may be a marker directing decisions for therapies after cooling.
Published: 2018

20. Monitoring of Cerebrovascular Reactivity for Determination of Optimal Blood Pressure in Preterm Infants

Author: Topun Austin, Peter Smielewski, Marek Czosnyka, Gordon N. Stevenson, Subhabrata Mitra, and Cristine Sortica da Costa
Subjects: Male, Blood Pressure, Gestational Age, Cerebrovascular reactivity, Heart Rate, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Prospective Studies, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Prospective cohort study, Monitoring, Physiologic, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Gestational age, Infant, medicine.disease, Oxygen, Blood pressure, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Cerebral blood flow, Anesthesia, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract: Objective To define levels of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) where cerebrovascular reactivity is strongest in preterm infants (ie, optimal MABP, or MABP OPT ) and correlate deviations from MABP OPT with mortality and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Study design A total of 60 preterm infants born at median gestational age 26 ± 2 weeks (23 ± 2 to 32 ± 1) with indwelling arterial catheter were studied at a median 34 hours (range 5-228) of age. Tissue oxygenation heart rate (HR) reactivity index, which estimates cerebrovascular reactivity, was calculated as the moving correlation coefficient between slow waves of tissue oxygenation index, measured with near-infrared spectroscopy, and HR. MABP OPT was defined by dividing MABP into 2-mm Hg bins and averaging the tissue oxygenation HR reactivity index within those bins. A measurement of divergence from MABP OPT was calculated as the absolute difference between mean MABP and mean MABP OPT . Results Individual MABP OPT was defined in 81% of the patients. A measurement of divergence from MABP OPT was greater in those patients who died (mean 4.2 mm Hg; 95% CI 3.33-4.96) compared with those who survived (mean 2.1 mm Hg; 95% CI 1.64-2.56), P = .013. Patients who had MABP lower than MABP OPT by 4 mm Hg or more had a greater rate of mortality (40%) than those with MABP close to or above MABP OPT (13%), P = .049. Patients with MABP greater than MABP OPT by 4 mm Hg had greater IVH scores, P = .042. Conclusions Continuous monitoring of cerebrovascular reactivity allows the determination of MABP OPT in preterm neonates. Significant deviation below MABP OPT was observed in infants who died. Deviation of MABP above optimal level was observed in infants who developed more severe IVH.
Published: 2014

21. In-Vivo Measurements of Cerebral Changes in Cytochrome-c-Oxidase using Broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy

Author: Judith Meek, Gemma Bale, Ilias Tachtsidis, Subhabrata Mitra, and Nicola J. Robertson
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, biology, business.industry, Encephalopathy, medicine.disease, Perinatal hypoxic - ischaemic encephalopathy, medicine, White light, biology.protein, In vivo measurements, Cytochrome c oxidase, sense organs, business
Abstract: We report a novel broadband near-infrared spectroscopy system to measure cerebral changes in haemodynamics and cytochrome c oxidase in neonates. Neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy were studied in the first days of life.
Published: 2014

22. Planck 2013 results. VII. HFI time response and beams

Author: Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes, Federico Nati, Luca Terenzi, Ben Rusholme, S. Donzelli, M. Bridges, Francesca Perrotta, Pavel Naselsky, Marian Douspis, Torsten A. Enßlin, A. Moneti, F. Atrio-Barandela, S. Ricciardi, Enrique Martínez-González, M. Rowan-Robinson, R. D. Davies, Jörg P. Rachen, W. Holmes, M. Tomasi, F. Cuttaia, Silvia Masi, K. Benabed, Davide Pietrobon, Florent Sureau, Tomotake Matsumura, Calvin B. Netterfield, T. Riller, Elena Pierpaoli, J. R. Bond, Marco Bersanelli, Serge Gratton, A. Sauvé, F.-X. Désert, Duncan Hanson, J.-F. Cardoso, K. Ganga, D. L. Harrison, X. Dupac, James J. Bock, Jean-Loup Puget, Jose M. Diego, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, Jean-Luc Starck, Allan Hornstrup, Stéphane Plaszczynski, Etienne Pointecouteau, Herve Dole, Olivier Doré, F. Matthai, Lloyd Knox, Alessandro Melchiorri, Olivier Forni, F. K. Hansen, L. Popa, Luigi Danese, F. Pasian, S. R. Hildebrandt, A. Coulais, R. Kneissl, F. Pajot, David L. Clements, J. F. Macías-Pérez, Reijo Keskitalo, Bruno Maffei, Carlo Burigana, F. Piacentini, Graca Rocha, E. P. S. Shellard, E. Franceschi, Matthieu Tristram, M. Piat, A. Mennella, Ted Kisner, Andrea Zonca, A. Gregorio, Douglas Scott, Pasquale Mazzotta, C. Renault, Diego Herranz, V. Stolyarov, H. C. Chiang, Monique Arnaud, G. de Zotti, A. Curto, P. M. McGehee, J. Aumont, Anthony Lasenby, E. Keihänen, G. W. Pratt, L. Pagano, T. R. Jaffe, M. Migliaccio, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, I. Ristorcelli, E. Hivon, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, François R. Bouchet, Joanna Dunkley, G. Prézeau, Martin Kunz, D. Santos, Charles R. Lawrence, Mathieu Remazeilles, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen, S. Galeotta, Alain Benoit, M. Linden-Vørnle, T. Poutanen, J.-M. Delouis, Sarah E. Church, A. H. Jaffe, L. Mendes, J.-F. Sygnet, A. Benoit-Lévy, Radek Stompor, C. A. Oxborrow, Jon E. Gudmundsson, M. Giard, Guilaine Lagache, Sabino Matarrese, Guillaume Patanchon, Alessandro Gruppuso, M. Tucci, W. C. Jones, Luca Valenziano, Peter G. Martin, A. de Rosa, B. P. Crill, Lung-Yih Chiang, Michael P. Hobson, Mika Juvela, M. López-Caniego, J. Haissinski, G. Umana, B. Van Tent, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Rashmikant V. Sudiwala, J. A. Murphy, E. Battaner, Locke D. Spencer, R. B. Barreiro, M. Ashdown, J. Knoche, J. W. Bowyer, Simon Prunet, Nicola Vittorio, Fabrizio Villa, Andrea Zacchei, Z. Hou, C. Armitage-Caplan, Gianluca Morgante, F. Noviello, Igor D. Novikov, Sophie Henrot-Versille, A.-S. Suur-Uski, J.-M. Lamarre, Stephane Colombi, Paolo Natoli, M. Sandri, Nabila Aghanim, S. Osborne, Krzysztof M. Gorski, O. Perdereau, Peter A. R. Ade, Daniel J. Mortlock, Nicolas Ponthieu, P. R. Christensen, C. J. MacTavish, Anthony Challinor, J.-P. Bernard, D. Sutton, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, P. de Bernardis, Giorgio Savini, F. Paci, A. Catalano, Michele Liguori, Ranga-Ram Chary, F. Couchot, Subhabrata Mitra, J. A. Tauber, R. Leonardi, C. Rosset, G. Roudier, Martin Bucher, Jussi Valiviita, H. K. Eriksen, Douglas J. Marshall, G. Polenta, D. Tavagnacco, A. A. Fraisse, A. J. Banday, J. Lesgourgues, P. Vielva, Marcella Massardi, J. González-Nuevo, Jacques Delabrouille, René J. Laureijs, Fabio Finelli, L. A. Montier, W. Hovest, P. B. Lilje, P. Bielewicz, L. Perotto, A. M. Polegre, C. Leroy, M. Maris, M. Reinecke, L. P. L. Colombo, Dmitry Novikov, L. A. Wade, Daniela Paoletti, Dipak Munshi, George Efstathiou, N. Mandolesi, Philip Lubin, Jérôme Bobin, A. Chamballu, D. Yvon, Y. Giraud-Héraud, Universidad de Cantabria, HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, PLANCK, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Science and Technology Facilities Council [2006-2012], Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Tauber, J, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Armitage Caplan, C, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoît, A, Benoit Lévy, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bobin, J, Bock, J, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bowyer, J, Bridges, M, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Cardoso, J, Catalano, A, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chiang, H, Chiang, L, Christensen, P, Church, S, Clements, D, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, R, DE BERNARDIS, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J, Désert, F, Diego, J, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dunkley, J, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Enßlin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Fraisse, A, Franceschi, E, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Giard, M, Giraud Héraud, Y, González Nuevo, J, Górski, K, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Haissinski, J, Hansen, F, Hanson, D, Harrison, D, Henrot Versillé, S, Hernández Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Hou, Z, Hovest, W, Huffenberger, K, Jaffe, A, Jaffe, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, Leonardi, R, Leroy, C, Lesgourgues, J, Liguori, M, Lilje, P, Linden Vørnle, M, López Caniego, M, Lubin, P, MacIás Pérez, J, Mactavish, C, Maffei, B, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marshall, D, Martin, P, Martínez González, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matsumura, T, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mcgehee, P, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Mitra, S, Miville Deschênes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, C, Nørgaard Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Oxborrow, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Pietrobon, D, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polegre, A, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prézeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Roudier, G, Rowan Robinson, M, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Sauvé, A, Savini, G, Scott, D, Shellard, E, Spencer, L, Starck, J, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Sudiwala, R, Sureau, F, Sutton, D, Suur Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tavagnacco, D, Terenzi, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Tauber, Jan, Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bowyer, J. W., Bridges, M., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R. R., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L. Y., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. M., Désert, F. X., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud Héraud, Y., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Haissinski, J., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hou, Z., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Leroy, C., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden Vørnle, M., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., MacIás Pérez, J. F., Mactavish, C. J., Maffei, B., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Mcgehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, C. A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polegre, A. M., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rowan Robinson, M., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Sauvé, A., Savini, G., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Spencer, L. D., Starck, J. L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, Daniele, Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: MAP-MAKING, POWER SPECTRUM, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation, Surveys, CMB, Cosmic background radiation, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology: observation, Window function, MICROWAVE, observations [Cosmology], Survey, detectors [Instrumentation], Physics, CALIBRATION, Instrumentation: detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physical Sciences, Harmonic, Cosmology: observations, Instrumentation: detectors, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, detector [Instrumentation], Deconvolution, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Frequency band, education, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], Astronomy & Astrophysics, NO, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Optics, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, surveys, PRE-LAUNCH STATUS, Sample variance, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Science & Technology, business.industry, instrumentation: detectors, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysic, 115 Astronomy, Space science, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, cosmology: observations, business, Beam (structure), PLANETS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: This paper characterizes the effective beams, the effective beam window functions and the associated errors for the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) detectors. The effective beam is theangular response including the effect of the optics, detectors, data processing and the scan strategy. The window function is the representation of this beam in the harmonic domain which is required to recover an unbiased measurement of the cosmic microwave background angular power spectrum. The HFI is a scanning instrument and its effective beams are the convolution of: a) the optical response of the telescope and feeds; b) the processing of the time-ordered data and deconvolution of the bolometric and electronic transfer function; and c) the merging of several surveys to produce maps. The time response transfer functions are measured using observations of Jupiter and Saturn and by minimizing survey difference residuals. The scanning beam is the post-deconvolution angular response of the instrument, and is characterized with observations of Mars. The main beam solid angles are determined to better than 0.5% at each HFI frequency band. Observations of Jupiter and Saturn limit near sidelobes (within 5°) to about 0.1% of the total solid angle. Time response residuals remain as long tails in the scanning beams, but contribute less than 0.1% of the total solid angle. The bias and uncertainty in the beam products are estimated using ensembles of simulated planet observations that include the impact of instrumental noise and known systematic effects. The correlation structure of these ensembles is well-described by five error eigenmodes that are sub-dominant to sample variance and instrumental noise in the harmonic domain. A suite of consistency tests provide confidence that the error model represents a sufficient description of the data. The total error in the effective beam window functions is below 1% at 100 GHz up to multipole â.,> ~ 1500, and below 0.5% at 143 and 217 GHz up to ~ 2000., The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2014

23. Heart rate passivity of cerebral tissue oxygenation is associated with predictors of poor outcome in preterm infants

Author: H O'Reilly, Topun Austin, Kenneth Martin Brady, Subhabrata Mitra, Marek Czosnyka, and Peter Smielewski
Subjects: Male, Cardiac output, Oxygenation index, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Birth weight, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Heart Rate, Heart rate, Medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Gestational age, Brain, General Medicine, Oxygenation, Prognosis, Transcranial Doppler, Oxygen, Anesthesia, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract: Aim Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) allow non-invasive assessment of cerebral haemodynamics. We assessed cerebrovascular reactivity in preterm infants by investigating the relationship between NIRS- and TCD-derived indices and correlating them with severity of clinical illness. Methods We recorded the NIRS-derived cerebral tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and TCD-derived flow velocity (Fv), along with other physiological variables. Moving correlation coefficients between measurements of cerebral perfusion (TOI, Fv) and heart rate were calculated. We presumed that positivity of these correlation coefficients – tissue oxygenation heart rate reactivity index (TOHRx) and flow velocity heart rate reactivity index (FvHRx) – would indicate a direct relationship between cerebral perfusion and cardiac output representing impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation. Results We studied 31 preterm infants at a median age of 2 days, born at a median gestational age of 26 + 1 weeks. TOHRx was significantly correlated with gestational age (R = −0.57, p = 0.007), birth weight (R = −0.58, p = 0.006) and the Clinical Risk Index for Babies II (R = 0.55, p = 0.0014). TOHRx and FvHRx were significantly correlated (R = 0.39, p = 0.028). Conclusion Heart rate has a key influence on cerebral haemodynamics in preterm infants, and TOHRx may be of diagnostic value in identifying impaired cerebrovascular reactivity leading to adverse clinical outcome.
Published: 2013

24. Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational wave detector by using squeezed states of light

Author: Ludovico Carbone, P. Couvares, Benno Willke, K. Wiesner, A. F. Brooks, R. Kurdyumov, S. Kandhasamy, Edwin J. Son, Jordan Camp, Alessandra Buonanno, D. Feldbaum, T. Meier, O. Bock, Stefan Hild, I. Yakushin, G. Mendell, G. Mazzolo, Ryan DeRosa, R. Engel, P. Wessels, T. Denker, L. Sammut, P. Leaci, D. Barker, D. Nolting, C. Aulbert, S. E. Whitcomb, A. Cumming, J. Bowers, Z. Frei, H. Zhu, A. M. Gretarsson, F. Mokler, David H. Shoemaker, Holger J. Pletsch, John Worden, J. K. Blackburn, C. Osthelder, Francesco Salemi, Sheila Rowan, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, Jöran Bauchrowitz, N. Beveridge, S. E. Dwyer, F. Magana-Sandoval, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra, Honam Yum, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, M. T. Hartman, S. Roddy, Daniel Friedrich, Evan Goetz, Harald Lück, D. O. Bridges, Rebecca Fisher, Jeffery Kline, Xuan Wang, J. D. Lough, C. J. Bell, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, E. Nishida, T. T. Fricke, Matthew Evans, J. Garcia, C. C. Arceneaux, Ilya Mandel, E. Deleeuw, Prayush Kumar, Jessica McIver, M. Factourovich, Rana X. Adhikari, B. Machenschalk, Alexander Khalaidovski, Haixing Miao, S. L. Danilishin, J. Betzwieser, R. Inta, Lee Samuel Finn, Stephen S. Eikenberry, B. K. Kim, R. L. Ward, C. Peralta, M. Shaltev, Peter Aufmuth, K. L. Dooley, F. Donovan, Lisa Barsotti, A. Stochino, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Yueh-Feng Liu, Chris Pankow, A. Singer, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, N. Zotov, K. Mason, J. N. Marx, László Á. Gergely, Gabriela Gonzalez, H. J. Jang, K. Haughian, B. Bland, C. Affeldt, K. Venkateswara, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, A. Nitz, S. Klimenko, Y. Wan, Evan Ochsner, A. Effler, Henning Kaufer, A. Perreca, A. J. Weinstein, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. R. Leong, M. A. Barton, Carl L. Rodriguez, Laura Cadonati, Bastian Schulz, Richard A. Matzner, H. Yamamoto, H. R. Paris, R. Taylor, Steve Drasco, T. Huynh-Dinh, J. B. Kanner, A. M. Sergeev, H. Overmier, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. Talukder, C. V. Torres, I. W. Harry, F. Brückner, E. Amador Ceron, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, Bala R. Iyer, P. T. Baker, Meng Wang, D. Sellers, Kip S. Thorne, T. Chalermsongsak, Alessandro Bertolini, S. Privitera, T. Etzel, T. Reed, M. Damjanic, T. P. Bodiya, P. T. Beyersdorf, M. V. van der Sluys, M. S. Shahriar, Sunil Susmithan, Robert Stone, Q. Chu, Xavier Siemens, Salvatore Vitale, Jolien D. E. Creighton, S. Caride, Lindy Blackburn, M. Landry, S. Doravari, H. P. Daveloza, Scott Koranda, Albrecht Rüdiger, Hyun Lee, Christian D. Ott, K. Holt, Mallory S. E. Roberts, Fabio Postiglione, J. S. Kissel, L. Matone, V. Sandberg, V. Lhuillier, C. S. Unnikrishnan, Innocenzo M. Pinto, Matthew West, Marc Favata, P. Kwee, K. A. Thorne, W. Z. Korth, Susan M. Scott, Hyung Mok Lee, Teviet Creighton, Stephen Fairhurst, Kieran Craig, Christopher John Messenger, Chad Hanna, Zhen Liu, Yi Chen, Xing-Jiang Zhu, V. P. Mitrofanov, V. Raymond, A. S. Stroeer, J. C. Batch, Badri Krishnan, B. J. J. Slagmolen, D. Hoak, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Jonathan R. Gair, A. Grant, Roger Jones, A. R. Wade, G. Kuehn, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Patrick Brady, N. A. Gordon, D. D. Brown, C. R. Ramet, P. J. Veitch, Bernard F. Whiting, J. R. Sanders, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, Manuel Meyer, T. D. Abbott, Trevor Sidery, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, David Jones, D. Amariutei, J. O'Dell, T. Dayanga, W. W. Johnson, N. A. Lockerbie, L. Wallace, Riccardo Bassiri, Joshua Yablon, C. Wilkinson, K. A. Hodge, V. Kringel, J. Breyer, L. Zhang, C. Gray, D. Fazi, Imre Bartos, D. J. White, E. Maros, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, C. Poux, Marco Cavaglia, Patrick J. Sutton, M-K. Fujimoto, P. Thomas, Archana Pai, M. Jacobson, B. Moe, Odylio D. Aguiar, H. Radkins, R. Frey, S. H. Huttner, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, D. Atkinson, Thanh Vinh Nguyen, David Blair, Y. J. Jang, Seiji Kawamura, E. A. Huerta, D. H. Reitze, B. Behnke, B. M. Levine, P. J. King, W. Parkinson, B. Shapiro, K. Kawabe, S. M. Aston, D. Ugolini, Ping Koy Lam, T. Bhadbhade, Elizabeth Harstad, Thomas Dent, S. Márka, A. G. Wiseman, D. Simakov, D. L. Jones, Chi-Woong Kim, V. Litvine, A. W. Heptonstall, C. T. Y. Chung, Peter R. Saulson, Michael E Zucker, Namjun Kim, F. Seifert, Andrew Melatos, Peter Fritschel, Vladimir Dergachev, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, Jacob Slutsky, Erik Katsavounidis, J. H. Romie, M. Brinkmann, J. M. Berliner, G. Santostasi, L. Cunningham, T. Nash, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, Malik Rakhmanov, M. J. Lubinski, K. Evans, L. Williams, A. Le Roux, Michael W. Coughlin, David Coward, R. Gustafson, E. Forsi, Sheon Chua, C. J. Guido, Christian Röver, A. Dietz, James Whelan, P. Ajith, M. Lormand, R. Abbott, G. H. Ogin, J. Aasi, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Kremin, Y. Bao, A. Castiglia, L. G. Prokhorov, S. Foley, M. Prijatelj, M. Huynh, D. C. Coyne, K. Grover, K. Izumi, Saranya Ghosh, G. Kang, M. C. Araya, J. Wang, Kyungmin Kim, M. Cordier, B. O'Reilly, Vaibhav Tiwari, Kipp Cannon, M. Born, K. Mailand, R. S. Ottens, G. May, Jan Hendrik Pöld, M. E. Normandin, C. Lawrie, B. E. Aylott, K. Loew, E. Jesse, Tobias Eberle, S. Giampanis, Rajesh Kumar, Vladimir B. Braginsky, R. Riesen, H. Vahlbruch, K. Riles, N. Fotopoulos, M. Weinert, Roland Schilling, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, P. G. Murray, John D. Scott, D. L. Kinzel, R. A. Mercer, L. Rodriguez, M. Mageswaran, S. Verma, A. Mytidis, Andreas Freise, Vincenzo Pierro, E. Macdonald, Paul D. Lasky, M. Pickenpack, Alexander Wanner, R. DeSalvo, J. Logue, Eric Oelker, A. L. Stuver, Jordi Burguet-Castell, R. Kasturi, G. Traylor, Yi Pan, Thomas Corbitt, C. A. Costa, M. Holtrop, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, Joshua L. Willis, Matthew Pitkin, S. Sankar, H. Fehrmann, Michael L. Gorodetsky, M. J. Cowart, T. Westphal, Katrin Dahl, Benjamin William Allen, C. M. Reed, C. Griffo, J. Zweizig, S. P. Tarabrin, R. Wooley, V. Huang, J. C. Barayoga, Sebastian Steinlechner, J. H. Hough, S. T. Countryman, Roman Schnabel, Carlos Kozameh, Douglas R. Cook, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, Gavin Davies, P. Shawhan, John Miller, T. Prestegard, Anton B. Ivanov, G. Szeifert, Karsten Danzmann, Marco Aurelio Diaz, D. Martinov, Samuel J. Waldman, Vicky Kalogera, Larry R. Price, P. Charlton, C. Bogan, Tarun Souradeep, S. C. McGuire, Michele Zanolin, C. L. Mueller, Slawomir Gras, W. D. Vousden, Vuk Mandic, V. Necula, I. Santiago-Prieto, K. McAuley, V. V. Frolov, T. Vo, M. Constancio Junior, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Sebastien Biscans, Efim A. Khazanov, Moritz Mehmet, D. R. Ingram, Phil Willems, M. Phelps, M. Wade, J. J. Lee, I. A. Bilenko, O. Puncken, Hartmut Grote, C. Padilla, Jong H. Chow, J. A. Giaime, Y. M. Kim, Charlotte Bond, G. D. Hammond, G. Gelencser, Carlos Cepeda, Stefan Ast, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, F. Clara, Thomas N. Williams, J. Macarthur, M. Tse, David J. Ottaway, A. C. Lin, D. B. Kelley, G. R. Skelton, Eric Thrane, Andrew Lundgren, Stanislav Babak, Neil J. Cornish, Zhihui Du, Shaun Hooper, M. H. Wimmer, Duncan A. Brown, G. McIntyre, D. M. Macleod, Leo Singer, Eric W. James, J. Ou, I. Di Palma, D. Lodhia, J. C. Dumas, Shiuh Chao, Timothy A Welborn, Sarah Caudill, R. Quitzow-James, F. Ohme, B. Daudert, J. Heefner, Albert Lazzarini, Matthew Abernathy, Qi Fang, Kasem Mossavi, Takao Mori, Gregory M. Harry, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, P. Raffai, J. Hanks, K. Kokeyama, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, N. Gehrels, P. Oppermann, Michele Vallisneri, Fumiko Kawazoe, B. J. Kuper, Ik Siong Heng, S. Steplewski, Grant David Meadors, Emma L. Robinson, Roy Williams, J. Birch, C. Tomlinson, Stefan Goßler, C. Graef, J. G. Rollins, Soma Mukherjee, Drew Keppel, W. Katzman, R. J.E. Smith, G. Manca, Subhabrata Mitra, Nergis Mavalvala, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, P. Ehrens, H-S. Cho, V. Predoi, I. W. Martin, V. Kondrashov, Z. Shao, L. E. Wade, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, G. Bergmann, Joseph Gleason, H. Wittel, K. Wette, Matthew Heintze, John J. Oh, R. K. Nayak, C. Adams, J. C. Driggers, L. Austin, C. Kucharczyk, Michael Thomas, D. Sigg, F. J. Raab, S. W. Ballmer, C-H. Lee, Huan Yang, P. Campsie, G. Moreno, Koji Arai, Lutz Winkelmann, Fan Zhang, D. Nanda Kumar, Douglas E. Stevens, Jessica Steinlechner, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, B. Sorazu, T. Z. Summerscales, John Veitch, M. MacInnis, Alberto Vecchio, Will M. Farr, K. Buckland, B. Hughey, S. E. Gossan, D. Moraru, D. Yeaton-Massey, David Keitel, Suvadeep Bose, Z. Márka, E. Steinert, M. R. Smith, M. Edwards, T. Hong, S. R. Morriss, Alessandra Corsi, E. J. Daw, Paolo Addesso, K. D. Giardina, C. Gill, M. Rodruck, S. B. Anderson, Ruslan Vaulin, David B. Tanner, M. Pedraza, Maria Alessandra Papa, Collin Capano, N. A. Robertson, D. Hammer, K. Haris, Peter Kalmus, B. Lantz, Philip Graff, Michael Britzger, Ben C. Buchler, R. M. S. Schofield, Benjamin J. Owen, Martin Hendry, Christopher Wipf, K. V. Tokmakov, Martin Hewitson, Junwei Cao, Sanichiro Yoshida, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, J. Hanson, M. Stefszky, Guido Mueller, David Murphy, J. Abadie, A. L. Lombardi, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, T. Isogai, P. Fulda, F. Y. Khalili, Eric Howell, L. K. Nuttall, S. Gil-Casanova, G. Billingsley, M. Was, S. Grunewald, T. Adams, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, Theodore A. Evans, Maik Frede, P. Schwinberg, C. C. Yancey, W. G. Anderson, Giacomo Ciani, A. Mullavey, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, D. E. Clark, S. Vass, R. Vincent-Finley, Fabrice Matichard, W. Kells, Lucía Santamaría, Jesper Munch, M. A. Frei, S. Penn, D. Schuette, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Lincoln Laboratory, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, LVC Collaboration, The, Pierro, V., and Pinto, I. M.
Subjects: Gravitational-wave observatory, Astronomy, Ciencias Físicas, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Gravitational-wave astronomy, NOISE, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Optics, Sensitivity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Electronic, Quantum metrology, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, QC, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, QB, Physics, Gravitational Waves, Quantum Physics, Einstein Telescope, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, METROLOGY, LIGO, Astronomía, Detection, Ligo, and Optics, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), QUANTUM, INTERFEROMETER, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Squeezed coherent state, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: Nearly a century after Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves, a global network of Earth-based gravitational wave observatories1,2,3,4 is seeking to directly detect this faint radiation using precision laser interferometry. Photon shot noise, due to the quantum nature of light, imposes a fundamental limit on the attometre-level sensitivity of the kilometre-scale Michelson interferometers deployed for this task. Here, we inject squeezed states to improve the performance of one of the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) beyond the quantum noise limit, most notably in the frequency region down to 150 Hz, critically important for several astrophysical sources, with no deterioration of performance observed at any frequency. With the injection of squeezed states, this LIGO detector demonstrated the best broadband sensitivity to gravitational waves ever achieved, with important implications for observing the gravitational-wave Universe with unprecedented sensitivity Fil: Aasi, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abadie, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, P.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, R.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Abbott, T. D.. State University of Louisiana; Estados Unidos Fil: Kozameh, Carlos Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Winkelmann, L.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Winkler, W.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Wip, C. C.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Wittel, H.. Max Planck Institut f¨ur Gravitationsphysik; Alemania. Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover; Alemania Fil: Woan, G.. University of Glasgow; Reino Unido Fil: Wooley, R.. Livingston Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Worden, J.. Hanford Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Yablon, J.. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Yakushin, I.. Livingston Observatory; Estados Unidos Fil: Yamamoto, H.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Yancey, C. C.. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos Fil: Yang, H.. Caltech-CaRT; Estados Unidos Fil: Yeaton Massey, D.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Yoshida, S.. Southeastern Louisiana University; Estados Unidos Fil: Yum, H.. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zanolin, M.. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhang, F.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhang, L.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhao, C.. University of Western Australia; Australia Fil: Zhu, H.. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos Fil: Zhu, X. J.. University of Western Australia; Australia Fil: Zotov, N.. Louisiana Tech University; Estados Unidos Fil: Zucker, M. E.. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos Fil: Zweizig, J.. California Institute of Technology; Estados Unidos
Published: 2013

25. Planck 2013 results. IV. Low Frequency Instrument beams and window functions

Author: B. Van Tent, A. J. Banday, Radek Stompor, P. Platania, Mika Juvela, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, E. Hivon, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, Pasquale Mazzotta, J. Lesgourgues, J.-F. Sygnet, D. Tavagnacco, L. Mendes, Sabino Matarrese, Luca Valenziano, Rafael Rebolo, Michael P. Hobson, Torsten A. Enßlin, A. Curto, T. Poutanen, Alessandro Melchiorri, K. Ganga, J. Knoche, Simon Prunet, Ben Rusholme, D. Sutton, A. Moneti, Jose M. Diego, Jeffrey Jewell, Marian Douspis, P. Bielewicz, Olivier Forni, Guilaine Lagache, Jean-François Cardoso, F. Atrio-Barandela, S. Ricciardi, M. López-Caniego, R. B. Barreiro, L. Montier, A.-S. Suur-Uski, Jörg P. Rachen, F. K. Hansen, Adam Moss, Peter Meinhold, H. Dole, Subhabrata Mitra, J. A. Tauber, L. Perotto, W. C. Jones, K. Kiiveri, F. Matthai, J. González-Nuevo, J.-P. Bernard, Benjamin D. Wandelt, A. Benoit-Lévy, M. Reinecke, Michael Seiffert, M. Tomasi, Silvia Masi, Julian Borrill, F. Perrotta, Serge Gratton, J. Aumont, Sophie Henrot-Versille, J.-L. Puget, Duncan Hanson, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, M. Maris, Marco Bersanelli, Paolo Natoli, E. Martínez-González, L. P. L. Colombo, M. Bucher, Douglas Scott, M. Giard, B. P. Crill, Lung-Yih Chiang, Douglas J. Marshall, V. Stolyarov, Y. Giraud-Héraud, Dmitry Novikov, Daniel J. Mortlock, Davide Pietrobon, F. Cuttaia, E. Pierpaoli, Jean-Luc Starck, Stéphane Plaszczynski, L. A. Wade, F. Pasian, Krzysztof M. Gorski, Daniela Paoletti, Martin Kunz, James J. Bock, Clive Dickinson, Nicola Vittorio, Monique Arnaud, V. Lindholm, M. Tucci, P. R. Christensen, Mathieu Remazeilles, Luigi Danese, Dipak Munshi, François R. Bouchet, Calvin B. Netterfield, George Efstathiou, N. Mandolesi, Anna Bonaldi, J. F. Macías-Pérez, Lloyd Knox, W. Hovest, R. C. Butler, L. Pagano, P. de Bernardis, Andrew H. Jaffe, G. Umana, Todd Gaier, Graca Rocha, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen, C. Rosset, E. P. S. Shellard, Philip Lubin, G. Roudier, Luca Terenzi, E. Franceschi, A. de Rosa, Jérôme Bobin, Davide Maino, A. Chamballu, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Allan Hornstrup, M. Bridges, M. Tristram, D. L. Harrison, Peter G. Martin, Locke D. Spencer, G. de Zotti, Anne Lähteenmäki, Alessandro Gruppuso, G. Polenta, P. Vielva, S. Galeotta, M. Linden-Vørnle, Sarah E. Church, S. Colombi, E. Battaner, Michele Liguori, Marcella Massardi, Etienne Pointecouteau, W. A. Holmes, J.-M. Lamarre, Olivier Doré, I. D. Novikov, Pekka Kangaslahti, I. J. O'Dwyer, G. Prézeau, P. B. Lilje, M. Sandri, L. Toffolatti, Jacques Delabrouille, René J. Laureijs, Fabio Finelli, Anthony Lasenby, E. Keihänen, Andrea Zonca, A. Gregorio, Alain Benoit, T. Riller, D. Santos, Reijo Keskitalo, Marc Türler, X. Dupac, S. R. Hildebrandt, Pavel Naselsky, R. J. Davis, L. Popa, Jussi Varis, O. Perdereau, Carlo Burigana, Charles R. Lawrence, Theodore Kisner, S. Osborne, J. P. Leahy, R. D. Davies, Andrea Zacchei, K. Benabed, Florent Sureau, J. R. Bond, R. Leonardi, Kevin M. Huffenberger, T. R. Jaffe, M. Migliaccio, Jussi-Pekka Väliviita, G. Patanchon, Fabrizio Villa, C. Armitage-Caplan, F. Paci, A. Mennella, Nabila Aghanim, G. W. Pratt, Gianluca Morgante, Nicolas Ponthieu, S. Donzelli, A. Catalano, D. Herranz, J. Tuovinen, B. Partridge, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Universidad de Cantabria, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Tauber, Jan, Aghanim, N., Armitage Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, L. Y., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud Héraud, Y., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jewell, J., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden Vørnle, M., Lindholm, V., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Maciás Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard Nielsen, H. U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I. J., Osborne, S., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Platania, P., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubinõ Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Shellard, E. P. S., Spencer, L. D., Starck, J. L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, Daniele, Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI)
Subjects: POWER SPECTRUM, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, data analysis, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic background radiation, Window function, MAPS, MICROWAVE, Anisotropy, Telescope, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Computer Science::Computers and Society, Physics::Space Physics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Frequency band, education, FOS: Physical sciences, ERRORS, Low frequency, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, NO, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Optics, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Methods: data analysis, data analysis [methods], PRE-LAUNCH STATUS, Telescopes, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Radiometer, business.industry, Solid angle, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, telescopes, Astronomy and Astrophysic, 115 Astronomy, Space science, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], data analysi [Methods], Space and Planetary Science, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Planck (http://www.esa.int/Planck) is a project of the European Space Agency (ESA), Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, L.-Y., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T.C., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jewell, J., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R.J., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vørnle, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Maciás-Pérez, J.F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'dwyer, I.J., Osborne, S., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Platania, P., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G.W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubinõ-Martín, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L.D., Starck, J.-L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A.
Published: 2013

26. Subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborn-an unusual case and review of literature

Author: Jennifer Dove, Sateesh Kumar Somisetty, and Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Necrosis, Hypercalcaemia, Panniculitis, Subcutaneous Fat, Adipose tissue, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Hypoglycemia, Medicine, Humans, Fat Necrosis, business.industry, Metabolic disorder, Infant, Newborn, Hypoxia (medical), medicine.disease, Surgery, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Hypercalcemia, medicine.symptom, business, Complication, Infant, Premature
Abstract: Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) of the newborn is an uncommon, self-limiting panniculitis mostly occurring within the first few weeks after birth. SCFN has been described mostly in term or post-term newborn infants in literature. We report a preterm infant developing extensive subcutaneous fat necrosis within the first week of life after significant perinatal hypoxic injury. The infant was conservatively managed for subcutaneous fat necrosis but developed hypercalcaemia and required prolonged medical treatment. Hypercalcaemia is a rare but serious complication of subcutaneous fat necrosis and needs prolonged follow-up. The etiopathogenesis of both subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborn and the resultant hypercalcaemia are poorly understood. Conclusion: Significant subcutaneous fat necrosis can develop in both preterm and term infants, and preterm infants also develop significant complications including hypercalcaemia.
Published: 2010

27. Laser with an in-loop relative frequency stability of1.0×10−21on a 100-ms time scale for gravitational-wave detection

Author: R. Passaquieti, K. G. Arun, Gianluca Persichetti, A. Rocchi, F. Piergiovanni, B. Mours, M. Davier, M. Colombini, M. Punturo, C. Boccara, L. Bonelli, Lisa Barsotti, J. Marque, Alessandra Toncelli, Stefano Bigotta, E. Genin, E. Chassande-Mottin, L. Rolland, Francesco Cottone, L. Pinard, Ludovico Carbone, G. Ballardin, M. Mohan, G. Vajente, G. Cella, Silvio Pardi, E. Cuoco, P. Puppo, Simona Mosca, G. Pagliaroli, Veronica Granata, L. Milano, V. Loriette, J. Colas, H. Heitmann, H. J. Bulten, S. D'Antonio, F. Paoletti, P. Ruggi, C. Palomba, D. Verkindt, M. Was, L. Bosi, H. Vocca, E. Cesarini, F. Nocera, A. Di Lieto, S. Braccini, N. Letendre, R. Cavalieri, F. Garufi, François Bondu, F. Frasconi, R. Flaminio, M. Yvert, E. Campagna, F. Ricci, Ettore Majorana, J. F. J. van den Brand, Fausto Acernese, Luca Gammaitoni, T. Regimbau, L. Di Fiore, E. Tournefier, J.-P. Coulon, M. Mantovani, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, M. Del Prete, S. Frasca, V. Dattilo, M. Barsuglia, J.-M. Mackowski, Anna Dari, F. Cavalier, J.-D. Fournier, Rosa Poggiani, V. Brisson, Stefan Hild, N. Man, I. Fiori, A. Brillet, F. Vetrano, A. Pasqualetti, M. A. Bizouard, B. L. Swinkels, R. De Rosa, Julien Moreau, M. Tonelli, Shourov Chatterji, Alessandra Corsi, F. Cleva, E. Coccia, F. Travasso, M. Alshourbagy, J. Y. Vinet, R. Terenzi, B. Sassolas, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Subhabrata Mitra, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, Fabrizio Barone, Enrico Calloni, G. Gemme, P. La Penna, S. Birindelli, S. Van Der Putten, O. Rabaste, Igor Neri, D. Sentenac, Th. S. Bauer, N. Morgado, G. Losurdo, G. Cagnoli, M. Laval, Christine Michel, Benjamin Canuel, P. Rapagnani, A. Viceré, F. Carbognani, Y. Minenkov, M. Di Paolo Emilio, M. Granata, D. Huet, Sofiane Aoudia, D. Passuello, F. Martelli, A. Di Virgilio, V. Fafone, C. Greverie, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Christian Corda, Rocco Romano, A. Gennai, A. Giazotto, I. Ferrante, F. Antonucci, C. Bradaschia, D. Buskulic, P. Astone, F. Menzinger, A. Morgia, and J. Trummer
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Relative intensity noise, Noise spectral density, Shot noise, Spectral density, Virgo interferometer, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Interferometry, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business
Abstract: We report on the stabilization of the laser frequency for the Virgo gravitational-wave detector. We have obtained a frequency noise level, measured in loop, of 1.9×10−7 Hz/sqrt(Hz) at 10 Hz for the 1064 nm laser; this value is limited by shot noise. The Allan standard deviation for relative frequency noise is 1.0×10−21 on a 100-ms time scale. The spectral density of the laser frequency noise is negligible in the channel where gravitational waves ought to appear and meets the specifications for the target spectral resolution of the Virgo interferometer in the 10 Hz-10 kHz detection bandwidth.
Published: 2009

28. A new broadband near-infrared spectroscopy system for in-vivo measurements of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxidase changes in neonatal brain injury

Author: Ilias Tachtsidis, Subhabrata Mitra, Gemma Bale, Nicola J. Robertson, and Judith Meek
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Neonatal encephalopathy, Apparent oxygen utilisation, Hemodynamics, chemistry.chemical_element, Oxygenation, Hypothermia, medicine.disease, Oxygen, Article, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 3. Good health, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Frontal lobe, chemistry, biology.protein, medicine, Cytochrome c oxidase, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Biotechnology
Abstract: We present a novel lens-based broadband near-infrared spectroscopy system to simultaneously measure cerebral changes in tissue oxygenation and haemodynamics via estimation of the changes in haemoglobin concentration; in addition to oxygen utilization via the measurement of the oxidation state of cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO). We demonstrate the use of the system in a cohort of 6 newborn infants with neonatal encephalopathy in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for continuous measurement periods of up to 5 days. NIRS data was collected from above the frontal lobe on the left and right hemispheres simultaneously with systemic data to allow multimodal data analysis. This allowed us to study the NIRS variables in response to global pathophysiological events and we focused our analysis to spontaneous oxygen desaturations. We identified changes from the NIRS variables during 236 oxygen desaturations from over 212 hours of data with a change from the baseline to nadir of −12 ± 3%. There was a consistent negative change in the Δ[HbD] (= oxygenated – deoxygenated haemoglobin) and Δ[oxCCO] measurements, mean decreases were 3.0 ± 1.7μM and 0.22 ± 0.11μM, and a positive change in the Δ[HbT] (= oxygenated + deoxygenated haemoglobin) measurements across all subjects, mean increase was 0.85 ± 0.58μM. We have shown with a feasibility study that the relationship between haemoglobin oxygenation changes and CCO oxidation changes during these desaturation events was significantly associated with a magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-measured biomarker of injury severity (r = 0.91, p
Published: 2014

29. 970 Improving Specificity of Clinical Event Detection In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

Author: Subhabrata Mitra, H. O'Reilly, Topun Austin, V Gangadharan, and Adam Gibson
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, business.industry, Blood pressure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Heart rate, False positive paradox, medicine, False alarm, Adverse effect, business, Lead (electronics), Oxygen saturation (medicine)
Abstract: Background and Aims Continuous physiological parameter monitoring is routine in NICU. However, high false alarm rates exist that can lead to inappropriate responses from clinical staff. At present, parameters are assessed independently to generate alarms. The positive predictive value can be increased in adult patients by combining the physiological parameters using statistical models1. We have developed a multi-parameter model, designed for sick newborn infants, which produces alarms based on an integrated assessment of patient physiology. We hypothesized that this model would have greater specificity than conventional single channel alerts. Methods Continuous physiological data (heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure and temperature) were collected from 6 preterm infants, median gestation 26.1 weeks (range 24.3–28.9). The median period of data collection was 16.5 days (range 10.9–23.2). A mathematical model was developed using Matlab, which ‘learnt’ 1 hour of normal data in order to subsequently identify abnormal events in the remaining dataset. Adverse clinical events were identified retrospectively from patient notes. View this table: Abstract 970 Table 1 Table comparing detection performance 157 clinical events were obtained for analysis. The proposed model increases specificity of event detection, reduces false positives by a factor of 18 and maintains high sensitivity. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates that combining existing physiological data using a multi-parameter model improves the specificity of adverse event detection in the NICU. 1Tarassenko L et al. Br J Anaesth. 2006; 97 :64–8.
Published: 2012

30. Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Preterm Infants Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Transcranial Cerebral Doppler - a Pilot Study

Author: Marek Czosnyka, Subhabrata Mitra, Topun Austin, Peter Smielewski, and H. O'Reilly
Subjects: education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, Cerebral autoregulation, % total haemoglobin, symbols.namesake, Cerebrovascular reactivity, Cerebral blood flow, Anesthesia, Intensive care, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, symbols, Medicine, Autoregulation, education, business, Doppler effect
Abstract: Background: The characteristics of cerebral autoregulation and the ideal range of systemic blood pressure in preterm infants remain unclear. Transcranial Ccerebral Doppler (TCD)1 and near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS)2 are established techniques for the assessment of cerebral blood flow velocity (Fv) and cerebral oxygenation respectively. Aim: To study the correlation between a dynamic index of cerebral autoregulation, assessed using TCD, with indices obtained using NIRS in preterm infants and using these parameters, study the feasibility of determining the optimal MABP in individual infants. Methods: Twelve preterm infants (mean gestation 26.5 weeks) were studied over eighteen episodes (2 hours each) within median 3days(range 1-9 days)of life. ICM+ software4 was used to collect and analyse data from NIRO 200NX and DWL Doppler system as well as the physiological variables from the intensive care monitors. Using this data, mean flow index (Mx)2, total haemoglobin reactivity (THx)3 and tissue oxygenation index of dynamic autoregulation (TOx)2 were calculated as autoregulation indices. Results: Coherence analysis of tissue oxygenation index (TOI), total haemoglobin index (THI)and Fv was above 0.6 in ultralow frequency. TOx and THx correlated with Mx [(R=0.47, p=0.057) and (R=0.59, p=0.011) respectively] across individual recordings. ‘Optimal MABP’ was demonstrated in some individual recordings using Mxopt3 and TOxopt3. Conclusion: This is the first study assessing the indices of dynamic monitoring of cerebral autoregulation in preterm infants. Initial results suggest that NIRS derived cerebrovascular reactivity indices (THx, TOx) correlate well with Doppler derived index (Mx), and a non-invasive assessment of ‘optimal MABP’ is feasible in this population group.
Published: 2011

31. Reply to the correspondence letter by Hakan N et al. alendronate for the treatment of hypercalcaemia due to neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis

Author: Subhabrata Mitra
Subjects: education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypercalcaemia, Necrosis, business.industry, Population, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Subcutaneous fat, Bone remodeling, Surgery, Alendronate Sodium, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Nephrocalcinosis, medicine.symptom, education, business, Rate of growth
Abstract: We thank Dr. Hakan and collaborators for their interesting information provided as a reaction to our recent paper [1]. Their approach is original, although their hypothesis needs to be discussed in further details. Biphosphonates are adsorbed on to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone and slow down their rate of growth and dissolution. As a result, the rate of bone turnover decreases. Previously, other bisphosphonates, e.g., pamidronate, have been given in several cases of subcutaneous fat necrosis and found to be effective in hypercalcaemia–hypercalcuria conditions. Although biphosphonates are generally preserved for the more resistant cases and considered as second line agents for the treatment of subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborns, some have suggested that early use can prevent nephrocalcinosis. Alendronate is a new addition to the series of bisphosphonates tried for SCFN. This case report appears to be the first one reporting alendronate sodium use in SCFN. But it is not clear why this one was chosen among the bisphosphonates and whether it has got any superiority in comparison to the use of pamidronate while treating SCFN. As the physiopathological mechanism of SCFN is still not fully understood, the impact of alendronates on the natural history of SCFN and its long-term side effects need to be carefully monitored and its safety needs to be clearly established in the vulnerable neonatal population.
Published: 2011

32. Coexistence of papulonecrotic tuberculide with lichen scrofulosorum

Author: Sujata Sengupta, Asok Kr Gangopadhyay, Subhabrata Mitra, and Jayanta Kr Das
Subjects: Lichen scrofulosorum, papulonecrotic, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Papulonecrotic tuberculide, biology, Adult male, business.industry, Case Report, Dermatology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Lesion, Tuberculide, medicine, Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, medicine.symptom, business, Skin lesion, tuberculide
Abstract: Tuberculides, the supposedly immunologic reactions to the products of dead Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli deposited in the skin from distant foci of tubercular infection, are presently considered to be of two types-papulonecrotic tuberculide and lichen scrofulosorum. Simultaneous occurrence of both the types in the same patient is very rare. We report the case of an adult male without any known internal tubercular focus who showed two types of skin lesions, clinically typical and histopathologically consistent with the diagnoses of papulonecrotic tuberculide and lichen scrofulosorum, occurring simultaneously. Polymerase chain reaction showed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in papulonecrotic tuberculide type of lesion, and both types of lesions responded promptly to anti-tubercular drugs.
Published: 2010

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources

Refine your results

32 results on '"Subhabrata Mitra"'

1. Prognostic value of neonatal EEG following therapeutic hypothermia in survivors of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

2. Role of Optical Neuromonitoring in Neonatal Encephalopathy—Current State and Recent Advances

3. Systems Biology Model of Cerebral Oxygen Delivery and Metabolism During Therapeutic Hypothermia: Application to the Piglet Model

4. Optimizing hemodynamic care in neonatal encephalopathy

5. G576(P) Sacrococcygeal teratoma: prenatal diagnosis to post-surgical follow up

6. A machine-learning algorithm for neonatal seizure recognition: a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial

7. Metabolic brain measurements in the newborn: Advances in optical technologies

8. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measured Cerebral Blood Flow from Spontaneous Oxygenation Changes in Neonatal Brain Injury

9. Changes in Brain Tissue Oxygenation and Metabolism During Rewarming After Neonatal Encephalopathy are Related to Electrical Abnormality

10. Management and investigation of neonatal encephalopathy: 2017 update

11. Illuminating Metabolism: Investigating Neonatal Brain Injury with Broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

12. Absolute quantification of cerebral tissue oxygen saturation with multidistance broadband NIRS in newborn brain

13. Neonatal jaundice: aetiology, diagnosis and treatment

14. Brain Perfusion Imaging in Neonates: An Overview

15. Interrelationship Between Broadband NIRS Measurements of Cerebral Cytochrome C Oxidase and Systemic Changes Indicates Injury Severity in Neonatal Encephalopathy

16. Relationship Between Cerebral Cytochrome-C-Oxidase and Oxygenation is Associated with Brain Injury Severity in Birth Asphyxiated Infants

17. Relationship Between Cerebral Oxygenation and Metabolism During Rewarming in Newborn Infants After Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

18. Transient haemodynamic events in neurologically compromised infants: A simultaneous EEG and diffuse optical imaging study

19. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy lactate/N-acetylaspartate within 2 weeks of birth accurately predicts 2-year motor, cognitive and language outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy after therapeutic hypothermia

20. Monitoring of Cerebrovascular Reactivity for Determination of Optimal Blood Pressure in Preterm Infants

21. In-Vivo Measurements of Cerebral Changes in Cytochrome-c-Oxidase using Broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy

22. Planck 2013 results. VII. HFI time response and beams

23. Heart rate passivity of cerebral tissue oxygenation is associated with predictors of poor outcome in preterm infants

24. Enhanced sensitivity of the LIGO gravitational wave detector by using squeezed states of light

25. Planck 2013 results. IV. Low Frequency Instrument beams and window functions

26. Subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborn-an unusual case and review of literature

27. Laser with an in-loop relative frequency stability of1.0×10−21on a 100-ms time scale for gravitational-wave detection

28. A new broadband near-infrared spectroscopy system for in-vivo measurements of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxidase changes in neonatal brain injury

29. 970 Improving Specificity of Clinical Event Detection In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

30. Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Preterm Infants Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Transcranial Cerebral Doppler - a Pilot Study

31. Reply to the correspondence letter by Hakan N et al. alendronate for the treatment of hypercalcaemia due to neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis

32. Coexistence of papulonecrotic tuberculide with lichen scrofulosorum

Catalog

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

32 results on '"Subhabrata Mitra"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources