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Gold nanoparticles offer a great promise in clinical research. Despite various applications of the metal nanoparticles it is challenging to implement in vivo in clinical applications. This aspect is deprived of understanding the biological mechanisms that occurs in the cells. In this report we have evaluated application of AuNP on the safety profile at different doses (100, 200, and 500 μg/kg Bwt/day) on intravenous administration in rats regularly for 28 days. The study was performed based on the OECD test guideline 407. No clinical signs and mortalities were observed in any groups of rat treated with AuNP. No evidence of toxicity was observed in any of the diverse studies performed which is noteworthy. The study includes survival, behavior, animal weight, organ morphology, blood biochemistry and tissue histology. The results indicate that tissue accumulation pattern of gold nanoparticles depends on the surface, size and doses of the nanoparticle. The accumulation of the particles does not produce subacute physiological damage.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a public health problem in India. Timely intervention, correct treatment, and referral service can save many deaths, particularly pneumonia. Objective : This study aimed to study the sociodemographic and clinical profile of children hospitalized with pneumonia and its relation to the duration of stay at a tertiary care center at Belgaum district, Karnataka. Methodology: The study was conducted in Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, a referral hospital, during 2013-2015. Sociodemographic and clinical features of children aged from more than 2 months to 18 years of age were studied. A total of 84 children who met the inclusion criteria for community-acquired pneumonia were studied. The patient population comprises mainly of the low-income group from rural areas, urban slums, referred patients from surrounding rural areas, and private clinics . Results : A total of 84 children were studied, 48 boys and 36 girls. Maximum numbers of children were in low socioeconomic group (43 in upper lower and 37 in lower group) according to modified Kuppuswamy classification. Passive smoking was present in 40.5% of studied and overcrowding was seen in 51% of children studied. 44% of children were breastfed for

Optofluidics combines optics and fluid dynamics to integrate photonic capabilities with various fluidic platforms. However, fluidic control for photonic applications is a challenge. Magnetofluidic laser scattering (MFLS) offers a novel approach with wireless, programmable control. We report the control of MFLS of aqueous magnetic fluids for a range of applied magnetic fields. The MFLS was observed in the form of vertical streaks due to scattering from self-assembled ordered structures of magnetic nanoparticles. The time evolution of the streaks was investigated at different magnetic fields. The role of hydrodynamic parameters was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Faster MFLS response was observed for magnetic fluids with higher susceptibility, higher drift velocities, smaller hydrodynamic diameters, and higher magnetic fields. These investigations are useful for wireless, programmable control of magnetic fluids relevant to optofluidic sensing and detection capabilities for microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip applications.

Objective: To study the outcome of children hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia treated with aqueous penicillin G. Design: Prospective study. Setting: The study was conducted in Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, a referral hospital during 2014-2015. Children aged from more than 2 months to 18yrs of age were studied. Total of 84 children who met the inclusion criteria were studied. Eligible children were given injection crystalline penicillin 2 lakh IU/kg in four divided doses after drug sensitivity testing. Children were assessed every 12th hourly, for respiratory rate, pulse rate, blood pressure and signs of respiratory distress. In case of worsening of symptoms, persistence of tachynpea, fever, till 48 hours, antibiotic was changed. The study was conducted to know the proportion of children with community acquired pneumonia who responded to crystalline penicillin injection. Results: Out of 84 children treated with crystalline penicillin 79 responded, antibiotic was changed for the other 5 children. 3 boys out of 48 and 2 girls out of 36 did not respond to crystalline penicillin. 2 out of 24 children in the age group of 2-12 months, 3 out of 33 in the 1-5 yrs, did not respond to crystalline penicillin. Persistence of tachypnea at the end of 48 hours was the indication for change of change of antibiotics in 5 children. No adverse outcome was noted. The mean duration of stay in the hospital among the studied children was 7days (6.93±1.28). Conclusion: Injection crystalline penicillin effectively cures and is apt to be used as a first line antibiotic in treating hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia.

Rasashastra is the important and popular branch of Ayurveda which gained its existence from 7th century A.D. Plenty of the literature is available on Rasashastra till date but still the thirst of gaining the knowledge regarding the literature of Rasashastra remains unquenched. This may be due to lack of comparative knowledge of concepts from various texts. Rasendra Bhaskara is one of the rare text from the stream of Rasashastra which many of the readers may haven’t come across. This paper gives a framework regarding the author, period, chapters, contributions, salient features and pitfalls of the text Rasendrabhaskara which may help the reader to have a brief idea of text.

The utility of Ayurvedic science is to maintain the health and cure the diseases of patient. Rasaushadis are unique formulations, which are easily administered, assimilated and absorbed in the body and quick in action. Harmful micro-organisms are the world’s major causes of morbidity and mortality. Thus, in such instance Abhraka Bhasma and Gomutra both explained as “Krimihara” in classical texts. To ensure their property present study has been conducted.

The sex determination of the individual is a primary criterion of identification but this is a very difficult problem and becomes even more challenging when only a single bone like the clavicle is ...

Magnetic droplets, consisting of magnetic nanoparticles in a carrier fluid, are of high interest due to applications such as remote and wireless control in a microfluidic environment. We investigated the influence of magnetic field on the control of ferrofluid droplet size in a nonmagnetic carrier fluid. Generation of larger droplets by a re-pumping mechanism was studied. The magnetic field leads to coalescence and mixing of the magnetic droplets. A significant response of the ferrofluid droplets to changes in flow rate ratio, the viscosity of the carrier medium and magnetic field intensity was observed. The droplet size can be increased by three times of its initial diameter by tuning the magnetic field intensity. Our modeling results show a similar trend to the experimental findings. Such control, mixing, and re-pumping of droplets is relevant to novel Lab-on-a-Chip applications. ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore) Accepted version

In the present review, we are focusing on modulators of 5-HT2 receptors, swertiamarin and their role in diabetes. These drugs possess both central and peripheral actions in various animal models of depression, diabetes and obesity. Swertiamarin and 5-HT2 antagonist are reported antidepressant, hypolipidemic and beneficial in peripheral vasculopathy. In contrast to this, 5-HT2C selective agonist decreases hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and insulin secretogogue by action. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are known antidepressant having weight gain as an adverse effect. Swertiamarin has similar pharmacological actions as 5-HT2 antagonist and 5-HT2C selective agonist. This warrants that swertiamarin might modulate 5-HT2 receptors rather than affecting the uptake of serotonin. In the light of present investigation, the mechanism of these drugs can correlate the role of central and peripheral 5-HT2 receptors in diabetes.

Background: Both iron deficiency anemia and dyslipidaemia are widely prevalent public health problems, especially in the Indian population. Some link has been suggested between the two potentially morbid conditions but a sufficient Indian study could not be found in this regard. Methods: This study was planned to find the changes in serum lipid profile in adult Indian patients with iron deficiency anemia and the effect of oral iron therapy on them. 100 iron deficiency anemia and 70 age and sex matched healthy controls, in the age group 18-35 years were investigated for any possible changes in serum lipid profile i.e., triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The patients were followed up after 3 months of oral iron therapy. Results: The results are shown as mean± standard deviation. Triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found to be significantly (P