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Spinal ganglioneuroma (GN) is the most benign neoplasm of neuroblastic origin. There is little knowledge about spinal GN because of sporadic cases reported. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical manifestations and long-term follow-up outcomes of spinal GN after consecutive treatment. The clinical and follow-up data of 31 patients with spinal GN receiving consecutive treatment in our institute are retrospectively analyzed. The mean age of the 31 patients was 40.39 ± 14.8 years. They were diagnosed with spinal GN and received surgical treatment in our institution between February 2012 and August 2019. Of them, 22 (71%) patients presented preoperative neurological symptoms. The mean duration from symptom onset to surgery was 19.76 ± 49.59 months. Eighteen patients received complete surgical resection and 13 patients received subtotal excision. In addition, radicotomy was performed simultaneously after sophisticated consideration in 19 patients. The follow-up period averaged 64.13 ± 22.67 months. The preoperative neurological dysfunction was improved significantly during the follow-up period in all cases. No local recurrence or malignant transformation has occurred so far. Spinal GN is a rare but benign neoplasm, and the origin of spinal GN remains controversial. With our experience, we propose that the origin of spinal GN from dorsal root ganglion should be equally considered as its counterpart of sympathetic ganglion. Complete resection is the preferred surgical strategy to avoid malignant events and recurrence. And the close postoperative follow-up observations are warranted.

Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in women around the world. Glucose-related protein 94 (GRP94) is a molecular chaperone on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that is associated with many malignancies, although its role in breast carcinogenesis has remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of GRP94 in BC and its relationship with BC clinicopathological features and prognosis based on a comprehensive analysis. Methods The mutation and expression patterns of GRP94 in multiple cancers were elucidated from TCGA data. A GRP94 IS (immune score) was generated from breast tumors in Chinese women by multiplying the staining intensity and the percentage of positive cells. The relationship between GRP94 expression and clinicopathological parameters in TMA samples was identified by Spearman correlation analysis. We established a GRP94 co-expression interaction network from two databases (TCGA and STRING). Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were determined via the KM-plotter analysis platform. Results GRP94 is mutated in most cancer types, and the average mutation frequency is 1.1%. GRP94 expression in BC was in the middle of the expression levels of the analyzed cancer types. The protein level of GRP94 was significantly higher in BC tissues than in normal breast tissues. A high level of GRP94 was positively associated with the levels of PR and AR and negatively associated with the level of EGFR but was not associated with age, pathological types, pathological grades, clinical stages or the levels of ER, HER2, P53, Ki67, or CK5/6. High expression of GRP94 predicted decreased OS and RFS in BC. The cluster analysis of the GRP94 gene coexpression network showed six dominant biological events, including ribosome biogenesis, amino acid activation, ER stress, protein folding and protein localization to the nucleus, cell cycle processes and ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in the mitotic cell cycle. Conclusions The study suggests that GRP94 could be a potential prognostic factor in BC.

There is a growing trend for pharmaceutical companies to seek scientific advice on drug development from a Health Technology Assessment (HTA) perspective, to improve the efficiency of their studies, enable better trial design, and support the goals of positive HTA recommendation for reimbursement. This study uses information collected directly from companies on individual products to assess their strategies and practices for seeking HTA-related scientific advice in terms of which stakeholders to engage and for what purpose, when to seek scientific advice, and whether to implement that advice within global clinical development.

In consideration of the strong mutual exclusion of urban development and ecological environment protection, the coupling relationship of the composite water resources-socioeconomic-eco-environment system is overall recognized on the base, and the key control parameters and order parameters in the collaborative allocation model for the composite system are quantitative characterized. Then, aiming at the coordinated and orderly development of the composite system, the water resources collaborative allocation model is proposed by means of multiple loop iteration technique. At last, the proposed model is successfully applied in the Tarim River in northwest China. The results reveals that when the water frequency is less than or equal to 50%, through an accumulated new water saving irrigation area of 12.76 million mu, an accumulated reduced agricultural irrigation area of 6.22 million mu, as well as an accumulated reduced water usage quantity at 7.5 billion m3 in national economy, which can realize the orderly benign evolution and efficient and balanced development of the water resources, economic society and ecosystem composite system,and verify the feasibility of the method.

In order to improve the ability of accounting data analysis and statistics, a method of constructing modern accounting data analysis platform based on industrial cloud computing is proposed. The time series model of modern accounting data analysis is constructed by using block bit sequence analysis method, and the association rule characteristic quantity of accounting data is extracted. Combined with cloud computing technology, the modern accounting data analysis platform is constructed, and the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is used to realize the clustering of modern accounting data, which can improve the ability of parallel computing and statistical analysis of accounting data. The simulation results show that the intelligent data analysis platform designed makes the statistical analysis ability of accounting data better and the parallel computing efficiency higher.

Background The incidence of traumatic arteriovenous fistula (TAVF) between the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and the petrosal vein (PV) is rare. Although TAVF has been reported involving the MMA several sinus and veins, this is the first incidence of a fistula involving the extracranial MMA and PV. Case Description We present a 47-year-old male with sudden onset of weakness of his right limb and speech difficulty a few hours before admission to our facility. He had a 6-month history of mild traumatic head injury. Initial computed tomography revealed midbrain hemorrhage while digital subtraction angiography revealed a TAVF of the left MMA. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, however, revealed communication between the MMA and PV. We treated the patient with coil embolization via the transarterial route. Conclusions This is the first incidence of a fistula connecting the extracranial MMA and PV. We managed the patient with only coil embolization without any further neurologic deficits.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy difference between sliding-cupping along meridian combined with short-stretch elastic bandage wrapping and comprehensive detumescence therapy in treating lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. Methods Sixty patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery were randomly divided into the sliding-cupping group and the comprehensive detumescence therapy (CDT) group, with 30 cases in each one. The sliding-cupping group used the sliding-cupping along meridian therapy, and the sliding-cupping was applied along the three yin meridians and three yang meridians on the hand of the affected-side upper limbs, continuing for 25–30 min. After the sliding-cupping was finished, the affected limb was wrapped with the short-stretch elastic bandage. The CDT group was treated with comprehensive detumescence therapy (CDT). Both groups were treated once a day, with14 times as one course of treatment, and there was totally 1 course of treatment. The changes of circumferences before and after treatment of the affected limb were measured by a flexible ruler, and the efficacy was evaluated. The subcutaneous tissue thickness and the full skin layer thickness of the patients with moderate to severe edema in sliding-cupping group were measured by color Doppler ultrasound. Results After treatment, the circumferences at the cubital crease, 5 cm above olecranon, and 10 cm above the olecranon of the affected limbs in the sliding-cupping group were (26.02 ± 2.42) cm, (28.43 ± 3.13) cm, and (30.05 ± 2.80) cm respectively, which were all reduced compared with the pre-treatment circumference (27.95 ± 3.00) cm, (30.80 ± 3.38) cm, and (32.17 ± 2.96 cm). In the sliding-cupping group, the post-treatment subcutaneous tissue thicknesses at 5 cm above the olecranon, 10 cm above the olecranon and 5 cm below the olecranon, and full skin layer thickness at 10 cm below the olecranon of the 15 patients with moderate to severe edema were (8.71 ± 2.83) cm, (8.53 ± 2.4) cm, (6.46 ± 1.38) cm, and (1.61 ± 0.17) cm respectively, which were all reduced compared with pre-treatment (11.90 ± 3.56) cm, (11.84 ± 3.27) cm, (9.12 ± 1.84) cm, and (1.87 ± 0.23) cm, and the difference was statistically significant (all P Conclusion Compared with CDT, the sliding-cupping along meridian combined with short-stretch elastic bandage wrapping for the treatment of lymphedema after breast cancer surgery was more effective.

A closed-cycle system by storing and releasing solar energy without additional interchange of material is crucial for future high global energy demands. Here, we presented a solid-state molecular solar thermal fuels (STFs) composed of single-walled carbon nanotubes and azobenzene with push-pull electron structure (AZO-SWCNTs) employing the direct Friedel-crafts acylation reaction. This kind of STFs reveals the highest gravimetric energy density of 80.7 Wh kg−1 and power density of 292 W kg−1 in AZO-CNTs STFs system with extended half-lifetime and excellent photochemical cycling stability. Moreover, the high performance and closed cycle of storage and heat release of the solid-state STFs assembly film were also investigated. The STFs shows relatively a high energy storage efficiency (12.4%) and a solar energy storage efficiency (0.25%) with a maximum temperature difference of 10 °C. This kind of solid-state STFs film exhibits a great potency in high-energy and short-term solar energy thermal storage.

In this paper, we provide a fairly standard derivation of the power spectrum of photocurrent and limited displacement resolution of laser heterodyne detection system. And the phase noise with different oscillation lineshapes of the heterodyne detection system is discussed. Based on the one-dimensional probability distribution model of phase noise, the minimum resolvable displacement and noise-equivalent mean square displacement are established, which represent the minimum detectable amplitude and noise limited resolution respectively. According to the numerical results, we obtain the variation of displacement resolution against the key parameters including the laser wavelength, the detection distance, the laser linewidth and the signal power. It reveals that the phase fluctuation has a significant effect on the power spectrum of photocurrent. Besides, both the probability density distribution of phase noise and displacement resolution have heavy dependence on laser oscillation lineshapes. And the noise-equivalent mean square displacement is inversely proportional to the root-mean-square of a measurable light power. The noise-equivalent mean square displacement can reach 3 . 5 × 1 0 − 15 m ∕ Hz under the given parameters. Our findings provide a quantitative reference for the displacement resolution and engineering application of the heterodyne detection.

PURPOSE P-glycoprotein, encoded by ABCB1 (or MDR1), may contribute to drug resistance in epilepsy by limiting gastrointestinal absorption and brain access to antiseizure medications (ASMs). The study aimed to evaluate the impact of ABCB1 polymorphisms on lacosamide (LCM) serum concentrations in Uygur pediatric epileptic patients. METHODS The serum concentrations of LCM were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, and the ABCB1 polymorphism was analyzed via polymerase chain reaction-fluorescence staining in situ hybridization. The chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the allelic and genotypic distributions of ABCB1 polymorphisms between the drug-resistant and drug-responsive patient groups. Differences in steady-state and dose-corrected LCM serum concentrations between different genotypes were analyzed using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS A total of 131 Uygur children with epilepsy were analyzed, and of them, 41 demonstrated drug resistance. The frequency of the GT genotype of ABCB1 G2677T/A was significantly higher in the drug-resistant group than that in the drug-responsive group (p < 0.05, OR = 1.966, 95% CI = 1.060-3.647). Patients with the G2677T/A- AT genotype had a statistically significantly lower concentration-to-dose (CD) value than patients with the G2677T/A-GG genotype (mean: 0.6 ± 0.2 vs 0.8 ± 0.5 μg/ml per mg/kg, p < 0.001). Significantly lower LCM serum concentrations were observed in ABCB1 C3435T CT and TT genotype carriers than those in the CC carriers (p = 0.008 and p = 0.002), and a significantly lower LCM CD value was observed in ABCB1 C3435T CT genotype carriers than that in the CC carriers (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION ABCB1 G2677T/A and C3435T polymorphisms may affect LCM serum concentrations and treatment efficacy in Uygur pediatric patients with epilepsy, leading to drug resistance in pediatric patients.

In order to protect the water environment of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site and maintain the sustainable development of its tourism industry, this paper analyzes the surface water quality of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site from 2014 to 2018 by using the single pollution index method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that: 1) TN, FC, TP and NH3-N exceeded the class I water quality standards by 19.6, 17.5, 12.6 and 2.6 times, respectively, and were the main pollutants in the water of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site. At the same time, the water quality of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site gradually decreased from class II to class V in five years, with a significant downward trend. 2) The water quality changes in Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site are related to the tourists' unconsciousness and bad behaviors, the continuous expansion of tourism scale, the cultivation of ornamental fish and the direct discharge behavior of domestic sewage. On the whole, the water quality of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site has declined obviously and the pollution is serious. Moreover, the deterioration of water quality is closely related to tourism.

Background We describe our experiences caring for a patient with a peristomal fistula (PF), characterized by suppuration from a peristomal abscess. The challenges associated with this case included management of a complex fistula and prevention of abdominal necrotizing fasciitis and peritonitis. Case A 63-year-old man presented with severe peristomal swelling and pain resulting from an abscess adjacent to his ileostomy. He was malnourished and depressed. He underwent a low anterior resection (Dixon procedure) for rectal cancer 2 years ago and an abdominoperineal resection (Miles procedure) for the recurrence of rectal carcinoma 1 year later. In addition, he underwent bowel resection with the creation of an ileostomy due to intestinal obstruction caused by a second recurrence approximately 1 month prior to this admission. Following evaluation of the fistula anatomy, incision and drainage of the abscess was performed. Diversion of the effluent was used to control infection and promote fistula closure. A registered dietitian and a psychologist were consulted to optimize nutrition and treat his depression. After 20 days of treatment, the patient recovered and was safely discharged. Conclusion Peristomal fistula management should include anatomical assessment, incision and drainage of the abscess, diversion to control effluent, and skin protection. For complex cases, the coordinated efforts of the interdisciplinary team are imperative.

Background: Health technology assessment (HTA) has increased in importance in supporting payer decision making by assessing the relative effectiveness and cost effectiveness of new medicines. Thus, pharmaceutical companies need to address the HTA requirements early during development to improve reimbursement outcomes. Currently, there is a lack of research to assess the impact of HTA on development and jurisdictional outcome from companies’ perspectives. This study aimed to assess companies’ HTA strategy and characterise HTA practice in seven jurisdictions.Methods: A multi-year, annual study collected information for individual products, focusing on development activities regarding inclusion of HTA requirements and selection of global comparators. The generation of local contextual information, submission strategies and predictability of HTA outcomes was examined jurisdictionally in Australia, Canada, England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. The study questionnaire was built into a secure online data collection platform and data were provided annually by participating companies.Results: Data for 169 compounds were provided by nine international companies between 2014 and 2018. HTA requirements were implemented in evidence generation plan for 63% of products during development. Global comparators were accepted by HTA bodies for more than half of studied products; Spain showed the highest acceptance rate (85%). Companies took advantages of parallel process in Australia and Canada to shorten product rollout time. Australia demonstrated general consistency in HTA review time, and England had the longest variation (interquartile range, 216 days). Requirements for additional information after submission occurred at all HTA bodies. Germany and Italy showed the highest percentage of products being reimbursed as per regulatory label (80 and 68%, respectively). Canada was the most predictable jurisdiction, with the highest proportion of review outcome (90%) that met companies’ expectations.Conclusion: Companies are addressing HTA requirements during development for many products; however, they are challenged by varying requirements and practices and product success ultimately depends on how HTA organisations and payers assess added value in the context of the national healthcare systems. This ongoing study created a baseline to help capture fact-based changes for company HTA strategies and HTA body practices.

With the gradual establishment of the monthly bidding market, the spot market and the auxiliary service market, China’s power retail industry has shown a rapid development trend, but there are big differences in the risk factors of different types of power sales companies. The risk management of power sales companies is a research point with important practical significance. This paper builds a power-selling company to bundle the electricity demand of power users, and considers the power-supply system purchase model of energy storage system and distributed renewable energy optimization to reduce the overall deviation of power and assessment costs, and increase total profit. The economic loss caused by the control deviation assessment policy and the load forecast deviation risk.

This paper presents a numerical model based on the mass flow rate of seal leakage. This numerical model is considered as a correct method for 3-D numerical simulation. It can be used to simulate the effect of seal leakage at the stator root of a multistage axial compressor. Implementation of the correct method is using a numerical model based on the flux conservation which can control the mass flow rate of seal leakage accurately at the seal cavity of compressor. The mass flow rate of seal leakage is chosen as the key research parameter on the aerodynamic performance effect of the seal engineering application in a multistage axial compressor. Combined with the 3-D numerical simulation methods, an engineering numerical approach is set up in this study. A nine-stage axial compressor is taken as the research object in this paper and its aerodynamic performance is tested for proving the applicability of the numerical model for seal leakage. In the cases of several operating rotation speeds, numerical results of the nine-stage axial compressor performance characteristic curves are in good agreement with the experimental data. It is considered that the numerical approach based on the simplified numerical model in this paper can predict the performance of multistage axial compressor accurately. Then, comparisons are made against different cases of seal leakage mass flow rate for analyzing the impact of seal leakage increasing on the aerodynamic performance of the nine-stage axial compressor. The main point of comparisons is focused on the changes of the overall performance and the flow distribution in the compressor with the seal leakage changing. The results indicate that performance of multistage axial compressor is degenerated faster and faster with seal leakage increasing in all operating working points. An overall decline is appeared in the flow capacity, working capacity, efficiency and surge margin of the compressor. For the impact investigation on the changes of flow distribution, the total pressure loss coefficient, the relative Mach number contours and the movement of streamlines are studied in different seal leakage cases under several operating working points. The result also shows that stators located in front stages of multistage axial compressor are affected more seriously with the increasing mass flow rate of seal leakage. Under the influence of seal leakage, degradation of flow condition in stators located in front stages is more severely than that in back stages, the total pressure loss coefficient and entropy are increased, and the flow separations at the root of stators in front stages are developed faster with seal leakage increasing. So it can be confirmed that relatively larger flow losses in front stages bring significant impact on the decay of aerodynamic performance for a multistage axial compressor.

The unbalanced three-phase parameter of the distribution network will produce three-phase unbalanced voltage. Generally, the three-phase unbalance is suppressed by switching capacitors or reactors, but this method has limited compensation accuracy and speed. At present, many substations are undergoing the transformation of intelligent stations, one of which is to add photovoltaic systems as a supplement to energy use in the station. This paper proposes to use photovoltaic and energy storage equipment to access the neutral point of the transformer in the substation, and output the reverse voltage at the neutral point through the PWM active inverter device to realize the balanced control of the three-phase voltage of the distribution network, thereby suppressing Balance overvoltage. The simulation analysis results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the three-phase unbalanced overvoltage, and is an effective supplementary method to improve the power quality of the distribution network.

With the rapid development of Internet technology and society, China has entered the era of big data. While this technology has made great contributions to the society, it has also brought some disadvantages. Due to excessive information and wrong values, students are easy to make wrong attribution for academic failure, as well as produce anxiety, depression and other negative academic emotions. Therefore, it is necessary to study students' academic emotion, which is considered as an important factor affecting their academic performance and physical and mental health. Previous studies have only explored the effect of academic achievement attribution on academic emotion. The purpose of this paper is to study whether the relationship between academic achievement attribution and academic emotion is mediated by parents' expectations. Study was based on a cross-sectional design ( $\mathrm{N}=800$ ; mean age=13.22) of students from 8 different classes. The study was conducted through questionnaires. The results of the study: (1) The junior high school students' attribution of academic achievement, academic emotion and parental expectations were all correlated. (2) The internal attribution of students' academic achievement and parents' expectation directly predict the positive academic emotion, while the external attribution of students' academic achievement does not. (3) Academic achievement attribution significantly predicted negative academic emotion, while parental expectations had no significant influence on negative academic emotion. (4) Attributions of junior high school students' academic performance can influence positive and negative academic emotions by influencing parents' expectations. The increase in internal attributions of students' academic achievement promoted an increase in positive parental expectations, which further generated positive academic emotions.

As the first two steps of face recognition system, face detection and key point location are of great significance to the accuracy of face recognition system. The Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Network(MTCNN) uses a single network model for the first time to complete the task of face detection and key point location. It is easy to find the problem of false detection in the practice of people's face detection. Therefore, this paper introduces multi-scale and multi template data preprocessing in MTCNN model. By increasing the diversity of data, the accuracy of MTCNN model is enhanced. The results show that compared with the original MTCNN model, the recall of the hybrid test set composed of WIDER Face and Celeba is increased by 2% after introducing multi-scale and multi template data preprocessing.

Purpose Given the importance of adolescents’ participation in the care of their chronic diseases during their transitional period in the healthcare system, the present study investigated the degree of participation in healthcare behavior by Chinese adolescents with chronic epilepsy and identified factors that should be addressed by health interventions. Methods The study used a convenience sample of 1238 adolescent patients with epilepsy, who were hospitalized in 17 tertiary A-level children or maternal and child specialty hospitals in China between January 2017 and March 2020. Several scales were used to measure their degree of participation in healthcare behavior and the factors that influence it. Data collection was conducted after uniform training of the investigators. The adolescents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria could scan the QR code of the questionnaire via a mobile phone. Results The age of the participants ranged from 12.2 to 17.8 years (mean 14.2 years), and the sample had a male-to-female ratio of 1.25:1. The patients’ average total score of participation in healthcare behavior was 125.58 (SD = 12.25), which was lower than the norm for China. Their scores on the six dimensions of participation were highest for information interaction, followed in descending order by medical decision-making, treatment and care, appeal, diagnosis and treatment decision-making, and questioning supervision. Multiple linear regression found significant associations between health-care participation and five personal and disease variables (gender, age, course of disease, number of comorbid diseases, type of family structure), self-efficacy, and coping styles (cognitive-palliative and acceptance), which explained 52.1% of the variance in patients’ total scores on participating in healthcare behavior. Conclusions The participation of young Chinese patients with epilepsy in transitional healthcare behavior needs to be improved. Participation was positively associated with being female, a longer course of disease, fewer comorbidities, and living in a nuclear family. Patients who used cognitive-palliative and acceptance coping styles and those who had higher self-efficacy also had significantly higher levels of participation in healthcare behavior. The study provides useful reference points for adolescents with chronic disease to participate in healthcare programs, in order to achieve a smooth transition from childhood to adulthood.

Nowadays, big data shows more and more rapid development tendency and presents bright prospects. From the perspective of its technical architecture, the current big data technology has become mature, and made important impacts on the reform and development of many fields. The community is the basic unit of people’s social life, so it is effective to start from the community to improve the mental health of the Chinese people. It is necessary for us to introduce the concept of big data into the field of community mental health services, analyze the mental health data of community residents in detail, and establish a feedback system for mental health data, which is helpful to propose the realization path of data feedback and strengthen the mental health of community residents to build a happy China.

The whole structure of large turbogenerator is very complex. This paper mainly analyzes the electromagnetic force on stator end winding of turbogenerator. Based on the involute model of stator end winding wire rod, the concrete mathematical analytical formula is established. The electromagnetic force of wire rod of different rods, at different times and the electromagnetic force at different positions of the same wire rod are analyzed. It is of great significance to the optimization design and operation maintenance of stator end windings of large turbogenerator.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate negative emotions and factors related to the risk of mental disorders in individuals with prediabetes and hypertension. Methods A total of 504 community-dwelling adult men and women in Suzhou, China, were enrolled and questionnaires used to obtain sociodemographic data, anxiety and depression scores, and current status of common metabolic indicators, including blood glucose level and blood pressure. Results Anxiety and depression scores in participants with prediabetes and hypertension were significantly higher than those in participants with normal blood glucose levels and normal blood pressure. Correlation analysis revealed that age, sex, smoking, duration of disease, physical activity, blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose levels were key factors accelerating the progression to both anxiety and depression in all participants. Conclusions More attention should be paid to negative emotions in individuals with prediabetes and hypertension. These findings could help to inform health providers in developing interventions for this population.

This paper proposes a dual-mode digital buck converter with an automatic mode-select feature in a 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS for self-powered Internet-of-Things applications. The proposed converter combines the digital pulsewidth modulation and the proposed predetermined pulse-frequency modulation (PPFM) techniques to achieve both a high conversion efficiency and a wide output power range. The proposed PPFM technique calculates the appropriate OFF time of the power transistor in advance, eliminating the additional power budget requirement of the conventional zero-crossing detection circuit. From the results, it can be seen that the conversion efficiency improves by 21% under ultralight-load conditions. The available input voltage ( $V_{\mathrm {IN}})$ ranges from 0.55 to 1.8 V for a wide variety of energy harvesters, and the output voltage ( $V_{\mathrm {OUT}})$ ranges from 0.3 to 0.55 V to power the energy-efficient CMOS digital circuits. The proposed dual-mode digital buck converter achieves a maximum conversion efficiency of 90.5%, with an output power ranging from 25 nW to 10 mW. Owing to the proposed PPFM technique, the converter achieves a power conversion efficiency of more than 80%, with an output power of 200 nW to 10 mW.

The fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) technique is utilized to probe the photoluminescence properties of individual MoS2 flakes. This measurement allows identification of the layer nu...

Muscle fatigue detection based on surface Electromyography (sEMG) is one of the essential goals of human–computer interaction. The main challenge is that the sEMG signal is unstable and complex. Meanwhile, the individual’s difference in fatigue tolerance will increase the detection difficulty. In order to reduce the impact of the above challenges, in this article, we use the sEMG signal to detect muscle fatigue based on the Multi-dimensional Feature Fusion Network (MFFNet), which is composed of Attention Frequency domain Network (AFNet) and Attention Time domain Network (ATNet). Precisely, AFNet consists of the convolutional neural network, channel attention network and spatial attention network. ATNet is composed of a two-way long and short-term memory network and time attention network. Furthermore, through the filter and Gaussian short-time Fourier transform, we can analyze the feature of the time domain and frequency domain of sEMG. Subsequently, fuse features of different dimensions are used to predict fatigue detection in many muscle fatigue detection experiments based on sEMG. The proposed method has better performance and interpretability. Experimental results prove that the proposed method can promote the development of sEMG in the field of muscle fatigue detection.

// Ting Wang 1, * , Siwei Chen 1, * , Shihui Wang 1 , Liang Shi 1 , Chenggong Wang 1 , Jingxin Zhang 1 , Yanfeng Gao 1 , Guodong Li 1 , Yuanming Qi 1 , Xiuli An 1 and Lixiang Chen 1 1 School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Lixiang Chen, email: lxchen@zzu.edu.cn Yuanming Qi, email: qym@zzu.edu.cn Xiuli An, email: anxl@zzu.edu.cn Keywords: anti-angiogenesis, neurokinin 3 receptor, neurokinin B, antitumor therapy Received: August 16, 2016 Accepted: April 06, 2017 Published: April 19, 2017 ABSTRACT Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis, controlling angiogenesis is a promising strategy in cancer treatment. However, thus farther severe side effects of anti-angiogenic drugs have been rather demonstrated, stimulating interest in seeking novel targets of anti-angiogenesis. Neurokinin receptors, also known as tachykinin receptors, are usually considered as drug targets due to diverse physiological functions and their tractability. Although Neurokinin B, the selective natural agonist of neurokinin-3 receptor, have been shown to exhibit anti-angiogenesis activity, the effect and mechanism of neurokinin-3 receptor-mediated angiogenesis still remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that [Mephe7]NKB, an analogue of NKB, possess significant anti-angiogenic effect on CAM. Furthermore, by introducing the tumor angiogenesis homing sequence (NGR), we designed and synthesized two novel agonist analogues of NK3R, NK3R-A1 and NK3R-A2. Both of the two analogues exhibit more efficient anti-migration effect on HUVECs by activating NK3R in vitro , and showed potent antitumor activities with no significant side effects in vivo . Taken together, our results illuminated that NK3R might be a potential novel target for the anti-angiogenesis therapy. Notably, NK3R-A1 might be used as a template for the development of the anti-tumor drugs on the basis of the anti-angiogenesis strategy.

Based on the bending tests of seven reinforced concrete (RC) short beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), the bending stiffness curves of the whole process of the short beams strengthened with CFRP were obtained. The variation law of bending stiffness curve of short beam in the whole loading process was analyzed. Based on the reasonable calculation assumption, the calculation method of flexural rigidity of short reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets in the whole loading process was put forward. The comparison between the calculated value and the test value of bending stiffness showed that the calculation method of bending stiffness was reasonable and had high calculation accuracy. This calculation method can be used not only in the calculation of flexural rigidity of short reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP sheets but also in the calculation of flexural rigidity of ordinary short reinforced concrete beams. The calculation method in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the deformation calculation of reinforced concrete short beams strengthened with CFRP sheets.

In this paper, the seismic behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened and unstrengthened steel fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete frame joints under low cyclic loading was tested. Then, the nonlinear finite element program was used to simulate the seismic behavior of FRP strengthened and unstrengthened steel fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete frame joints under low cyclic repeated load. The influence of FRP bond direction on the seismic behavior of steel fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete frame joints was studied. Through the comparison of the test values and numerical simulation values of the hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, energy dissipation capacity, displacement ductility, bearing capacity degradation, stiffness degradation, and other performance indexes of frame joints, the rule was obtained. The results showed that the 45° bonding direction of carbon fiber cloth is better than the 0° bonding direction, and the digital simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. Therefore, the constitutive model, element, end constraint, and loading method used in the finite element numerical simulation of this paper were reasonable, which can provide reference for the similar research in the future.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features chronic inflammatory reactions of both intra- and extrapulmonary nature. Moreover, COPD is associated with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in patients, which influences the prognosis and chronicity of this disease. Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism are also closely related to inflammation processes. Further insights into the interactions of inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism might therefore inspire novel therapeutic interventions to promote lung rehabilitation. Chemerin, as a recently discovered adipokine, has been shown to play a role in inflammatory response and glucose and lipid metabolism in many diseases (including COPD). Chemerin recruits inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation during the early stages of COPD, leading to endothelial barrier dysfunction, early vascular remodeling, and angiogenesis. Moreover, it supports the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells that guide immune cells as part of the body’s inflammatory responses. Chemerin also regulates metabolism via activation of its cognate receptors. Glucose homeostasis is affected via effects on insulin secretion and sensitivity, and lipid metabolism is changed by increased transformation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes through chemerin-binding receptors. Controlling chemerin signaling may be a promising approach to improve various aspects of COPD-related dysfunction. Importantly, several studies indicate that chemerin expression in vivo is influenced by exercise. Although available evidence is still limited, therapeutic alterations of chemerin activity may be a promising target of therapeutic approaches aimed at the rehabilitation of COPD patients based on exercises. In conclusion, chemerin plays an essential role in COPD, especially in the inflammatory responses and metabolism, and has a potential to become a target for, and a biomarker of, curative mechanisms underlying exercise-mediated lung rehabilitation.

With the increase of the civil and commercial transactions between China and Arabia Gulf countries in recent years, the business disputes between both sides increase as well. China and Arab countries have paid much attention to the efficient and fair settlement of such disputes to maintain a long-term sustainable development of business relations. The author first examines the current investment and trade disputes between both sides and the existing legal framework for settling such disputes, eg, litigation, mediation, arbitration, etc. Then the author proposes that the business disputes between China and Arab Gulf countries should be settled through amicable means such as mediation and arbitration. In case of dispute, the parties involved had better settle their disputes through mediation with the help of the mediation institutions from both sides. If the mediation fails, the parties may submit their disputes to arbitration instead of litigation, considering the difficulties in litigation and the convenience through arbitration. When the parties choose to arbitrate their disputes in the Arab Gulf countries, they���d better choose to arbitrate in the prestigious arbitral institutions in the region, also taking into account other elements such as whether the country in which the arbitration takes place adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration or not and whether it ratified the New York Convention or not.

Rationale: The incidence of double aneurysms on the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is very rare. Nevertheless, delayed rupture of a parent artery instead of the aneurysmal sac following pipeline embolization device (PLED) is unusual. Patient concerns: We present a 72-year-old female who was admitted at our facility with gradual onset of nonspecific visual changes. Diagnosis: Conventional angiography revealed 2 aneurysms located at the ophthalmic segment of the left ICA. Interventions: Both aneurysms were successfully treated with PLED. Outcomes: Two months after discharge, the patient was rushed into the emergency with bilateral conjunctival congestion. Computed tomography revealed intracranial hemorrhage at left temporal lobe while digital subtraction angiography established a left direct carotid cavernous fistula. We utilized stent (Solitaire 6∗30) assisted coils to occlude the fistula. The patient is well and go about her normal duties. Lessions: Manipulation of the tortuous parent artery resulted in a focal traumatic weakness in the artery and subsequently a delay tear. We are of the view that, endovascular surgeons should be on the lookout for this complication following flow deviation treatment modalities.

Among various renewable energy technologies, wind power is one of the most popular one due to its multiple benefits. Wind power is produced by wind generators, permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind generator is popular for its advantages such as gear-less, high efficiency, and low cost. However, because of the stochastic nature of wind, the effective control of PMSG-based wind generator is a challenging task. In order to address this issue, in this paper we propose an optimal control method for control of PMSG-based wind generator. In this method, model predictive control (MPC) approach is utilized, which enable the optimal control of control of PMSG-based wind generator. In addition, considering the highly uncertainty in wind speed, we introduce the concept of soft-target control, which makes the proposed control method more practical. Simulation results validate the performance of the proposed control method.

This paper introduced the general construction situation of VSC-HVDC projects in China and summarized the technical features of these projects. Taking the chongqing-hubei back-to-back grid-connected project as an example, the key technical characteristics in its engineering design and control and protection function are explained. The functions and principles of these key technical features are analyzed, as well as the differences with other projects. The purpose of this paper is to take the chongqing-hubei project as an example to analyze the key technologies of the VSC-HVDC system, so as to provide some references for understanding the VSC-HVDC project.

BACKGROUND: Epigenetic signatures in the nasal epithelium, which is a primary interface with the environment and an accessible proxy for the bronchial epithelium, might provide insights into mechanisms of allergic disease. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify and interpret methylation signatures in nasal epithelial brushes associated with rhinitis and asthma. METHODS: Nasal epithelial brushes were obtained from 455 children at the 16 year follow-up of the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort study. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) were performed on asthma, rhinitis and asthma and/or rhinitis (AsRh) using logistic regression, and top results were replicated in two independent cohorts of African American and Puerto Rican children. Significant CpG sites (CpGs) were related to environmental exposures (pets, active and passive smoking and molds) during secondary school, and correlated to gene expression by RNA-sequencing (n=244). RESULTS: The EWAS identified CpGs significantly associated with rhinitis (n=81) and AsRh (n=75), but not with asthma. We significantly replicated 62 /81 CpGs with rhinitis, and 60/75 with AsRh, as well as one CpG with asthma. Methylation of cg03565274 was negatively associated with AsRh, and positively associated with pets exposure during secondary school. DNA methylation signals associated with AsRh were mainly driven by specific IgE positive subjects. DNA methylation related to gene transcripts that were enriched for immune pathways, and expressed in immune and epithelial cells. Nasal CpGs performed well in predicting AsRh. CONCLUSIONS: We identified replicable DNA methylation profiles of asthma and rhinitis in nasal brushes. Pets exposure may affect nasal epithelial methylation in relation to asthma and rhinitis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Nasal DNA methylation profiles may serve as biomarker of asthma and rhinitis, and can be used across different populations to predict the presence of asthma and/or rhinitis in children.

Background Right ventricular restrictive physiology (RVRP) is a common finding after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). The characteristic feature of RVRP is the presence of a direct end-diastolic flow (EDFF) during atrial contraction in the main pulmonary artery. This end-diastolic forward flow is caused by increased right ventricular end-diastolic pressure due to right ventricular myocardial stiffness and decreased right ventricular compliance. Objective Our main objective is to found out the etiology of RVRP in pediatrics patients who underwent for complete repair of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Methods A total of 50 TOF patients have registered for this study in our hospital from January 2017 to September 2018. The patients were divided in two groups, group A with restrictive physiology and group B without restrictive physiology. The patients selected for this study includes TOF patients, TOF patients with atrial septal defect (ASD), and TOF patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Ventricular hypertrophy and right heart enlargement were evaluated by electrocardiogram and echocardiography. The other parameters we used to compare between these two groups were sex, age, weight, cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic cross clamping time, transannular patch, SP02, RV/LV pressure, ventricular hypertrophy, right heart (RH) enlargement, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), TAPSE/PASP ratio, pulmonary annular diameter, intubation time, PICU stay and hematocrit (HCT). Results RVRP was identified in 28 patients (58%). Lower SP02 (mean: 84.3 ± 7.9%) with p-value 0.015, transannular patch repair (n = 22, 78.5%) with p-value

With the advancement of the "big operation" system construction, the online monitoring system for power quality has been integrated, and various power quality data have been incorporated into relevant organizations for unified management. Power quality management has a larger range of data, more types, and higher frequency. It needs to realize the unified storage management and efficient access of massive heterogeneous power quality data for the characteristics of data applications and the collection and aggregation of these effective data. This paper proposes a new type of grid wide-area distributed power quality data integration architecture, which is designed for multi-source, heterogeneous, distributed data integration technology and wide-area distributed data storage technology to solve the big data source problem and realize the sharing of power quality data information of the whole network.