261 results on '"Xian-Tao An"'
Search Results
2. Spatial and temporal patterns of prostate cancer burden and their association with Socio‐Demographic Index in Asia, 1990–2019
- Author
-
Lisha Luo, Hang-Hang Luan, Jun-Feng Jiang, Bing-Hui Li, Hao Zi, Cong Zhu, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Male ,Asia ,Index (economics) ,Urology ,Socio demographics ,Global Burden of Disease ,Prostate cancer ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,Prevalence ,Global health ,Humans ,Medicine ,Mortality ,Demography ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Age Factors ,Disability-Adjusted Life Years ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Annual Percent Change ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Oncology ,business - Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer for males worldwide, but the spatial and temporal trends of prostate cancer burden remain unknown in Asia. This study aimed to investigate the changing spatial and temporal trends of incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life year (DALY), and mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) of prostate cancer, and their association with the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) in 48 Asian countries from 1990 to 2019. Methods Data were extracted from the Global Health Data Exchange query tool, covering 48 Asian countries from 1990 to 2019. The average annual percent change was calculated to evaluate temporal trends. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to obtain spatial patterns, and the association between SDI and prostate cancer burden was estimated using a spatial panel model. Results In Asia, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence of prostate cancer increased in almost all countries, and its mortality and DALY also increased in over half of the countries. Significantly regional disparities were found in Asia, and the hot spots for incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY were all located in Western Asia, the hot spots of percent change also occurred in Western Asia for incidence and DALY. Furthermore, SDI had a positive association with mortality (coef = 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13-2.90) and negative association with DALY (coef = -14.99, 95% CI: -20.37 to -9.60) and MIR (coef = -0.95, 95%CI: -0.99 to -0.92). Conclusions Prostate cancer burden increased rapidly throughout Asia and substantial disparities had persisted between countries. Geographically targeted interventions are needed to reduce the prostate cancer burden throughout Asia and in specific countries.
- Published
- 2021
3. Secular trends in severe periodontitis incidence, prevalence and disability‐adjusted life years in five Asian countries: A comparative study from 1990 to 2017
- Author
-
Wen-Zhong Xie, Qiao Huang, Li-Sha Luo, Hang-Hang Luan, Lan Wu, Yong-Bo Wang, Xian-Tao Zeng, and Yu-Jie Shi
- Subjects
Adult ,China ,Psychological intervention ,Severe periodontitis ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Republic of Korea ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Asian country ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Periodontitis ,Aged ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,030206 dentistry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Secular variation ,Cohort effect ,Periodontics ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Aims To investigate secular trends in severe periodontitis incidence, prevalence and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates in China, India, Japan, South Korea and Thailand from 1990 to 2017. Materials and methods Data were obtained from the "Global Burden of Disease Study" 2017. The annual percentage change and average annual percentage change were calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. The independent age, period and cohort effects were estimated by age-period-cohort analysis. Results From 1990 to 2017, the overall age-standardized incidence, prevalence and DALY rates increased in China, Japan and India, while decreasing in South Korea and Thailand. The highest incidence, prevalence and DALY rates were in India. By APC analysis, the age effect presented increase in 20-59 years in China, Japan and South Korea, 20-54 years in India and 20-64 years in Thailand; the period effect showed progressive increases in five countries, with the most significant increase shown in China; the cohort effect showed monotonic decreases with birth cohort in five countries. Conclusions Severe periodontitis poses a serious burden in Asian countries, especially China and India. We suggest raising people's awareness of periodontal health and providing professional interventions in these countries, especially for high-risk groups, such as younger people aged ≤65 years.
- Published
- 2021
4. Self-calibration method for pulse-3D terrestrial laser scanner based on least-square collocation
- Author
-
Yan Jia, Telecommunications, Nanjing , China, and Xian-tao Guo
- Subjects
Optics ,Materials science ,Laser scanning ,business.industry ,Calibration ,business ,Collocation (remote sensing) ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Pulse (physics) - Published
- 2021
5. A Self-Supervised CNN for Particle Inspection on Optical Element
- Author
-
Wei Hou, De Xu, and Xian Tao
- Subjects
Pointwise ,Computer science ,business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Feature extraction ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Pattern recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,Grayscale ,Convolutional neural network ,Convolution ,Image (mathematics) ,Feature (computer vision) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Transfer of learning ,Instrumentation - Abstract
In high-power laser instruments, optical elements play a significant role. Particles on the optical element degrade the system performance and even cause damage to the optical element. In this article, a particle inspection model based on self-supervised convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transfer learning is proposed. The self-supervised network that is built on a rotation-flip-invariant pretext task is used to transform the image from grayscale feature to rotation-flip-invariant feature. Then, the learned feature is transferred to the central-pixel classification network that is fine-tuned on a small labeled dataset. The experiments show that the classification accuracy of our proposed method is 97.90%, which is higher than the other compared methods. For the whole image prediction, through feature reuse and pointwise convolution, the central-pixel classification network is adapted to the particle inspection network efficiently with minor changes. Since the method utilizes massive unlabeled data and is fine-tuned on a small number of labeled samples, it has the potential to be used in industrial production.
- Published
- 2021
6. Conductive Particle Detection for Chip on Glass Using Convolutional Neural Network
- Author
-
Zhanxin Hou, Ma Wenzhi, Zhenfeng Lu, and Xian Tao
- Subjects
Active contour model ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Deep learning ,Feature extraction ,Pattern recognition ,Image segmentation ,Chip ,Convolutional neural network ,Feature (computer vision) ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Instrumentation ,Feature learning - Abstract
The detection of conductive particle images is an important part of the chip on glass (COG) process and can be used to ensure the performance of electrical connections. The segmentation of conductive particles is essential but a difficult task, since the scale and edge of the conductive particles on the chip and the imaging effect are different. In recent years, methods based on deep learning have become the representative method of image segmentation. However, the currently existing methods cannot fully consider the characteristics of conductive particles and have high model complexity. In this article, a multi-frequency feature learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. The entire network structure consists of a basic U-Net module and multi-frequency module (MFM), which are used to enhance multi-frequency feature fusion of conductive particles and accelerate network training. At the same time, for the feature of particle shape, an active contour without edge (ACWE) loss function is designed to extract the fine contour feature of particles. Experimental results on three datasets show the superiority of the proposed method over the major existing mainstream methods with respect to the three performance indicators: recall, precision, and Intersection-over-Union (IoU).
- Published
- 2021
7. Combining Prior Knowledge With CNN for Weak Scratch Inspection of Optical Components
- Author
-
Xian Tao, De Xu, and Wei Hou
- Subjects
Pixel ,Computer science ,business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Inspection method ,Pattern recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,Convolutional neural network ,Grayscale ,Image (mathematics) ,Set (abstract data type) ,Scratch ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Instrumentation ,computer ,Test data ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
Scratches as the major defects in precision optical components are caused inevitably in the manufacturing process, which is harmful to the whole optical system. Most scratches on the surface of optical components are weak scratches with low contrast and uneven distribution of gray scale, which poses a significant problem for inspection. In this article, an end-to-end weak scratch inspection method based on novel scratch-enhancement methods and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for optical components. To enhance weak scratches, a local maximum index (LMI) module and a direction-sensitive convolution (DSC) module are proposed to generate multilevel-feature maps using prior knowledge about scratch. Different from previous works utilizing the raw dark-field image as network input, these multilevel features are used as the inputs of encoder–decoder module for training. After training, the whole inspection model can infer weak scratches from raw dark-field test images in an end-to-end manner. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves pixel accuracy of 92.48% and IoU at 77.27% on the test data set. It outperforms the networks without adding prior knowledge, which shows that prior knowledge is much helpful for weak scratch inspection. Moreover, compared with other classical methods and CNN-based methods, the proposed method achieves the best performance in the weak scratch inspection.
- Published
- 2021
8. A potential therapeutic strategy for prostatic disease by targeting the oral microbiome
- Author
-
Cong Zhu, Hailiang Hu, Wen-Zhong Xie, Cheng Fang, Xian-Tao Zeng, and Lan Wu
- Subjects
Male ,Drug ,Prostatic Diseases ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mini Reviews ,periodontal disease ,Disease ,Bioinformatics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,prostatitis ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,Endocrine system ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,Pharmacology ,benign prostatic hyperplasia ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Prostatic disease ,Microbiota ,Human microbiome ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,prostate cancer ,medicine.disease ,oral microbiome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Oral Microbiome ,business - Abstract
Nowadays, human microbiome research is rapidly growing and emerging evidence has witnessed the critical role that oral microbiome plays in the process of human health and disease. Oral microbial dysbiosis has been confirmed as a contributory cause for diseases in multiple body systems, ranging from the oral cavity to the gastrointestinal, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and even nervous system. As research progressing, oral microbiome‐based diagnosis and therapy are proposed and applied, which may represent potential drug targets in systemic diseases. Recent studies have uncovered the possible association between periodontal disease and prostatic disease, suggesting new prevention and therapeutic treatment for the disease by targeting periodontal pathogens. Thus, we performed this review to first explore the association between the oral microbiome and prostatic disease, according to current knowledge based on published articles, and then mainly focus on the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms and the potential prevention and treatment derived from these mechanistic studies.
- Published
- 2020
9. Evidence-based Guideline for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin: 2020 Update by the Division of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Chinese Pharmacological Society
- Author
-
Jing Zhang, Jiuhong Wu, Suodi Zhai, Rongsheng Zhao, Yingchun Xu, Aidong Wen, Xianglin Zhang, Gaolin Liu, Na He, Zhiping Li, Rongsheng Tong, Wei Zhao, Zhigang Chen, Li Wang, Shan Su, Kehu Yang, Xin Hu, Wenting Zhang, Wei Zhou, Xiao Chen, Huizhi Zhang, Guanhua Du, Yang Yang, Daihong Guo, Ruichen Guo, Yalin Dong, Siyan Zhan, Yaolong Chen, Wei Lu, Xin'an Wu, Zhigang Zhao, Minggui Wang, Bikui Zhang, Bei He, Rui Wang, Fan Yang, Jieming Qu, Guang Du, Limei Zhao, Jie Zhang, Youning Liu, Jun Zhang, Zhikang Ye, Dakui Li, Yuan Lv, Huande Li, Xian-Tao Zeng, Chao Zhang, Libo Zhao, Zheng Jiao, Jian Gu, Liyan Miao, Tieying Sun, and Yingyuan Zhang
- Subjects
Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Evidence-based practice ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030106 microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Asian People ,Vancomycin ,Excellence ,Multidisciplinary approach ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Evidence based guideline ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,media_common ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Guideline ,Infectious Diseases ,Trustworthiness ,Therapeutic drug monitoring ,Drug Monitoring ,Societies ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BackgroundClinical practice guidelines or recommendations often require timely and regular updating as new evidence emerges, because this can alter the risk-benefit trade-off. The scientific process of developing and updating guidelines accompanied by adequate implementation can improve outcomes. To promote better management of patients receiving vancomycin therapy, we updated the guideline for the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of vancomycin published in 2015.MethodsOur updated recommendations complied with standards for developing trustworthy guidelines, including timeliness and rigor of the updating process, as well as the use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. We also followed the methodology handbook published by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and the Spanish National Health System.ResultsWe partially updated the 2015 guideline. Apart from adults, the updated guideline also focuses on pediatric patients and neonates requiring intravenous vancomycin therapy. The guideline recommendations involve a broadened range of patients requiring TDM, modified index of TDM (both 24-hour area under the curve and trough concentration), addition regarding the necessity and timing of repeated TDM, and initial dose for specific subpopulations. Overall, 1 recommendation was deleted and 3 recommendations were modified. Eleven new recommendations were added, and no recommendation was made for 2 clinical questions.ConclusionsWe updated an evidence-based guideline regarding the TDM of vancomycin using a rigorous and multidisciplinary approach. The updated guideline provides more comprehensive recommendations to inform rational and optimized vancomycin use and is thus of greater applicability.
- Published
- 2020
10. The routine cutoff displacement of 2 mm may not reliably reflect the stability of paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures
- Author
-
Xing Wu, Xian-tao Shen, Zhi-guo Zhou, and Xiongtao Li
- Subjects
Orthodontics ,Humeral Fractures ,030222 orthopedics ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Intraclass correlation ,Radiography ,Youden's J statistic ,Ultrasound ,Reproducibility of Results ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Humerus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Elbow Joint ,Humans ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,Cutoff ,Displacement (orthopedic surgery) ,Child ,business ,Epiphyses ,Reliability (statistics) ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Introduction Lateral humeral condyle fracture is one of the most common fractures in children. However, the prediction of the stability of the fracture with a cutoff displacement of 2 mm remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the routine cutoff displacement of 2 mm in predicting the stability of paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures. Methods A cohort of 79 children with imaging results for lateral humeral condyle fractures from 2013 to 2019 was evaluated. The displacement on the radiographs was measured by three surgeons at different levels, and ultrasound images were obtained by two senior surgeons. The interobserver and intraobserver reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A binary logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the association between the measurement and the integrity of cartilage hinges. Results The ICC for the interobserver reliability was 0.85, and the intraobserver reliability was 0.93. For each additional millimetre of displacement, the odds of cartilage hinge disruption increased by 70%. The ROC curve determined that the Youden index was only 0.07 (sensitivity, 97.8%; specificity, 8.8%) with a cutoff displacement of 2 mm. Conclusions The routine cutoff displacement of 2 mm may not reliably reflect the stability of paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures. The cutoff value is sensitive but not specific for predicting whether the cartilage hinge is intact.
- Published
- 2020
11. Super-factors associated with transmission of occupational COVID-19 infection among healthcare staff in Wuhan, China
- Author
-
Ying Wang, Zhonghua Yang, Xian-Tao Zeng, Zhenshun Cheng, Xiao-dong Tan, Ziling Ni, Bin Mei, Wenwen Wu, and Xinghuan Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Super-factors ,Cross-sectional study ,Health Personnel ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Closeness ,Medical staff ,Article ,Social network analysis ,Betacoronavirus ,Betweenness centrality ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Health care ,Epidemiology ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pandemics ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Occupational Diseases ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Infectious Diseases ,Family medicine ,Female ,Coronavirus Infections ,Infection ,business - Abstract
Summary Background Globally, there have been many cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among medical staff; however, the main factors associated with the infection are not well understood. Aim To identify the super-factors causing COVID-19 infection in medical staff in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 1st and February 30th, 2020, in which front-line members of medical staff who took part in the care and treatment of patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Epidemiological and demographic data between infected and uninfected groups were collected and compared. Social network analysis (SNA) was used to establish socio-metric social links between influencing factors. Findings A total of 92 medical staff were enrolled. In all participant groups, the super-factor identified by the network was wearing a medical protective mask or surgical mask correctly (degree: 572; closeness: 25; betweenness centrality: 3.23). Touching the cheek, nose, and mouth while working was the super-factor in the infected group. This was the biggest node in the network and had the strongest influence (degree: 370; closeness: 29; betweenness centrality: 0.37). Self-protection score was the super-factor in the uninfected group but was the isolated factor in the infected group (degree: 201; closeness: 28; betweenness centrality: 5.64). For family members, the exposure history to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market and the contact history to wild animals were two isolated nodes. Conclusion High self-protection score was the main factor that prevented medical staff from contracting COVID-19 infection. The main factor contributing to COVID-19 infections among medical staff was touching the cheek, nose, and mouth while working.
- Published
- 2020
12. A novel online self-learning system with automatic object detection model for multimedia applications
- Author
-
Ku Young Young, Ding Rong Zheng, Jie Yang, Eric Juwei Cheng, Chin-Teng Lin, Mukesh Prasad, Domingo Mery, and Xian Tao
- Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications ,business.industry ,Computer science ,020207 software engineering ,Pattern recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,Object detection ,k-nearest neighbors algorithm ,Hardware and Architecture ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Media Technology ,Reinforcement learning ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Classifier (UML) ,Software - Abstract
This paper proposes a novel online self-learning detection system for different types of objects. It allows users to random select detection target, generating an initial detection model by selecting a small piece of image sample and continue training the detection model automatically. The proposed framework is divided into two parts: First, the initial detection model and the online reinforcement learning. The detection model is based on the proportion of users of the Haar-like features to generate feature pool, which is used to train classifiers and get positive-negative (PN) classifier model. Second, as the videos plays, the detecting model detects the new sample by Nearest Neighbor (NN) Classifier to get the PN similarity for new model. Online reinforcement learning is used to continuously update classifier, PN model and new classifier. The experiment shows the result of less detection sample with automatic online reinforcement learning is satisfactory.
- Published
- 2020
13. A robust real-time facial alignment system with facial landmarks detection and rectification for multimedia applications
- Author
-
Jie Yang, Amit Saxena, Kuang Pen Chou, Chin-Teng Lin, Mukesh Prasad, Sheng Yao Su, Xian Tao, and Wen-Chieh Lin
- Subjects
Facial expression ,Geometric analysis ,Computer Networks and Communications ,business.industry ,Computer science ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Decision tree ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Facial recognition system ,Rectification ,Hardware and Architecture ,Face (geometry) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Media Technology ,Head movements ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Face detection ,Software - Abstract
Face detection often plays the first step in various visual applications. Large variants of facial deformations due to head movements and facial expression make it difficult to identify appropriate face region. In this paper, a robust real-time face alignment system, including facial landmarks detection and face rectification, is proposed. A facial landmarks detection model based on regression tree is utilized in the proposed system. In face rectification framework, 2-D geometrical analysis based on pitch, yaw and roll movements is designed to solve the misalignment problem in face detection. The experiments on the two datasets verify the performance significantly improved by the proposed method in the facial recognition task and outperform than those obtained by other alignment methods. Furthermore, the proposed method can achieve robust recognition results even if the amount of training images is not large.
- Published
- 2020
14. A Quantitative Diagnostic Method for Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease Using Tongue, Face, and Pulse Indexes: An Exploratory Pilot Study
- Author
-
Xinlin Chen, Xian-Tao Li, Qi Ren, Xiaowen Zhou, Ge Fang, Bin Wang, and Mei-Ying He
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,quantitative diagnosis ,Diagnostic methods ,Coronary Disease ,Pilot Projects ,Blood stasis ,Logistic regression ,Biophysical Phenomena ,Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome ,Diagnosis, Differential ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Tongue ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,coronary heart disease ,Medicine, Chinese Traditional ,Syndrome differentiation ,business.industry ,Pulse (signal processing) ,Phlegm ,Sputum ,Original Articles ,Syndrome ,Middle Aged ,logistic regression analysis ,Coronary heart disease ,phlegm and blood stasis syndrome ,030205 complementary & alternative medicine ,Mucus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Case-Control Studies ,Blood Circulation ,Cardiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish a quantitative syndrome differentiation model with logistic regression analysis for phlegm and blood stasis syndrome (PBSS) in coronary heart disease (CHD) to offer methodology guidance for the quantitative syndrome differentiation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Design: Tongue, face, and pulse information of each subject was obtained using the TCM-intelligent diagnosis instruments. Logistic regression model was used to construct the syndrome diagnosis model. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the model. Subjects: Among the 141 subjects, 83 belonged to the PBSS group, and 58 belonged to the non-PBSS group. Results: The independent indexes used to predict PBSS in patients with CHD were length of the crack (LC) (p = 0.002), number of ecchymosis (NE) (p
- Published
- 2020
15. Perceived infection transmission routes, infection control practices, psychosocial changes, and management of COVID-19 infected healthcare workers in a tertiary acute care hospital in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey
- Author
-
Hao Zi, Tong Deng, Zhi Min Chen, Li Sha Luo, Yu Feng Yuan, Na Wang, Zhen Yu Pan, Ying Hui Jin, Zhen Shun Cheng, Xing Huang, Bing Hui Li, Qiao Huang, Yun Yun Wang, Lin Lu Ma, Ying Wang, Ming Juan Zhao, Xian Tao Zeng, and Xinghuan Wang
- Subjects
Male ,020205 medical informatics ,Cross-sectional study ,Psychological intervention ,02 engineering and technology ,Tertiary Care Centers ,Lethargy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Acute care ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Infection control ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:R5-920 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,2019-nCoV ,Female ,Coronavirus Infections ,Infection transmission route ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Psychosocial ,Adult ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health Personnel ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Physical examination ,Betacoronavirus ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Occupational Exposure ,medicine ,Humans ,Pandemics ,Personal Protective Equipment ,Personal protective equipment ,Infection Control ,lcsh:Military Science ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Research ,lcsh:U ,COVID-19 ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Healthcare professional ,Psychosocial status ,Family medicine ,Healthcare worker ,business ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
Background Many healthcare workers were infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) early in the epidemic posing a big challenge for epidemic control. Hence, this study aims to explore perceived infection routes, influencing factors, psychosocial changes, and management procedures for COVID-19 infected healthcare workers. Methods This is a cross-sectional, single hospital-based study. We recruited all 105 confirmed COVID-19 healthcare workers in the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from February 15 to 29, 2020. All participants completed a validated questionnaire. Electronic consent was obtained from all participants. Perceived causes of infection, infection prevention, control knowledge and behaviour, psychological changes, symptoms and treatment were measured. Results Finally, 103 professional staff with COVID-19 finished the questionnaire and was included (response rate: 98.1%). Of them, 87 cases (84.5%) thought they were infected in working environment in hospital, one (1.0%) thought their infection was due to the laboratory environment, and 5 (4.9%) thought they were infected in daily life or community environment. Swab of throat collection and physical examination were the procedures perceived as most likely causing their infection by nurses and doctors respectively. Forty-three (41.8%) thought their infection was related to protective equipment, utilization of common equipment (masks and gloves). The top three first symptoms displayed before diagnosis were fever (41.8%), lethargy (33.0%) and muscle aches (30.1%). After diagnosis, 88.3% staff experienced psychological stress or emotional changes during their isolation period, only 11.7% had almost no emotional changes. Arbidol (Umifenovir; an anti-influza drug; 69.2%) was the drug most commonly used to target infection in mild and moderate symptoms. Conclusion The main perceived mode of transmission was not maintaining protection when working at a close distance and having intimate contact with infected cases. Positive psychological intervention is necessary.
- Published
- 2020
16. Harvest of at least 18 lymph nodes is associated with improved survival in patients with pN0 colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
Jun-Peng Pei, Fei-Long Ning, Chun-Dong Zhang, Nan-Nan Zhang, Zu-Bing Mei, Masanobu Abe, Jun Wang, Xian-Tao Zeng, and Hong-Guang Quan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Univariate analysis ,Multivariate analysis ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Regression analysis ,General Medicine ,Nomogram ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Lymph ,business ,Survival analysis - Abstract
To investigate the correlation between number of retrieved lymph nodes (rLNs) and prognosis and further ascertain the optimal number of rLNs with a beneficial survival impact in patients with pN0 colon cancer. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was searched for pN0 colon cancer cases. X-Tile software and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were applied to determine the optimal number of rLNs based on the minimal probability (P) value and the largest χ2 value. Univariate analyses and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to investigate the relationship between rLN number and overall survival. Multiple analyses were conducted to assess the prognostic predictive ability of the identified optimal rLN cut-off value under different stratifications. Nomograms were established based on the independent prognostic factors selected by the multivariate analysis to predict 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of pN0 patients. A total of 6269 pN0 colon cancer patients who underwent surgical therapy were finally included for analysis. Harvest of at least 18 lymph nodes was determined as the optimal rLN number. This cut-off rLN value ( rLNs ≥ 12 versus rLNs ≥ 18) stratified into several groups. The number of rLNs was identified as an independent prognostic factor for pN0 colon cancer. Retrieval of at least 18 lymph nodes was associated with favorable prognosis in patients with pN0 colon cancer, and should, therefore, be regarded as an alternative cut-off value for survival analysis.
- Published
- 2020
17. Detection of Power Line Insulator Defects Using Aerial Images Analyzed With Convolutional Neural Networks
- Author
-
Dapeng Zhang, Xilong Liu, De Xu, Xian Tao, Wang Zihao, and Zhang Hongyan
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Feature extraction ,Gaussian blur ,Insulator (electricity) ,02 engineering and technology ,Convolutional neural network ,Object detection ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,symbols.namesake ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Robustness (computer science) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,symbols ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Segmentation ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Affine transformation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Software ,Aerial image - Abstract
As the failure of power line insulators leads to the failure of power transmission systems, an insulator inspection system based on an aerial platform is widely used. Insulator defect detection is performed against complex backgrounds in aerial images, presenting an interesting but challenging problem. Traditional methods, based on handcrafted features or shallow-learning techniques, can only localize insulators and detect faults under specific detection conditions, such as when sufficient prior knowledge is available, with low background interference, at certain object scales, or under specific illumination conditions. This paper discusses the automatic detection of insulator defects using aerial images, accurately localizing insulator defects appearing in input images captured from real inspection environments. We propose a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) cascading architecture for performing localization and detecting defects in insulators. The cascading network uses a CNN based on a region proposal network to transform defect inspection into a two-level object detection problem. To address the scarcity of defect images in a real inspection environment, a data augmentation method is also proposed that includes four operations: 1) affine transformation; 2) insulator segmentation and background fusion; 3) Gaussian blur; and 4) brightness transformation. Defect detection precision and recall of the proposed method are 0.91 and 0.96 using a standard insulator dataset, and insulator defects under various conditions can be successfully detected. Experimental results demonstrate that this method meets the robustness and accuracy requirements for insulator defect detection.
- Published
- 2020
18. A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)
- Author
-
Ke Liang, Dongfang Wu, Lu Qi Huang, Yunbao Pan, Xiao Mei Yao, Ying Wen Zhang, Xinghuan Wang, Hui Min Sun, Li Sha Luo, Chao Jie Wei, Haibo Xu, Tong Deng, Hong Cheng, Bing Hui Li, Qiao Huang, Zhi Yong Peng, Hong Weng, Likai Lin, Xue Qun Ren, Hao Zi, Fen Hu, Hua Min Zhang, Ying Hui Jin, Yi Rong Li, Ying Wang, Jian Xia, Yin Gao Zhang, Zhen Yu Pan, Lin Lu Ma, Yun Yun Wang, Ming Juan Zhao, Xiaochun Zhang, Tai Sheng Ye, Bo Hu, Yu Feng Yuan, Cheng Fang, Zhen Shun Cheng, Xian Tao Zeng, Di Huang, Yan Zhao, Yong Han, Lin Cai, Jing Ma, Yong Xiong, Yong Yan Wang, and Yi Pin Fan
- Subjects
Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,lcsh:Medicine ,Rapid advice guideline ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nursing care ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health care ,medicine ,Infection control ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Mass screening ,Respiratory disease ,Clinical practice guideline ,2019 novel coronavirus ,education.field_of_study ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Position Article and Guideline ,lcsh:Military Science ,business.industry ,Public health ,lcsh:U ,lcsh:R ,General Medicine ,Guideline ,Pneumonia ,COVID-19 ,Infectious diseases ,2019-nCoV ,medicine.disease ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medical emergency ,business ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province; and then named “2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)” by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development; we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control (including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.
- Published
- 2020
19. Prognostic value of downregulated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine expression in renal cell carcinoma: a 10 year follow-up retrospective study
- Author
-
Tong-Zu Liu, Weibing Zhang, Xian-Tao Zeng, Zhongqiang Guo, Song Chen, and Qiang Zhou
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,renal cell carcinoma ,nomogram ,clinical significance ,medicine.disease_cause ,urologic and male genital diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal cell carcinoma ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Clinical significance ,5-hydroxymethylcytosine ,neoplasms ,Proportional hazards model ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Nomogram ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,DNA methylation ,Immunohistochemistry ,Carcinogenesis ,business ,Research Paper - Abstract
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is converted from DNA methylation of cytosine (5mC) by the catalysis of TET proteins, and proposed to be involved in tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value of 5hmC in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unclear. This study aimed to define the clinical significance of 5hmC in RCC. We performed dot blot assays to measure the relative expression of 5hmC in RCC. We reviewed the clinical records of 310 RCC patients and performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of 5hmC. The overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) of all patients were recorded over a 10-year follow-up period. Effective prognostic nomograms which contained 5hmC were established to provide individualized OS and CSS in RCC. 5hmC expression level was significantly decreased in RCC tissues compared with those in the normal counterparts. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that high 5hmC expression had a good prognostic impact on RCC patients. Cox multivariate survival analyses further indicated 5hmC was an independent prognostic factor for RCC survival. Nomograms constructed based on cox regression analysis were available to calculate the survival probability directly. Calibration curves displayed good agreements. The findings were validated with an independent external cohort included 77 RCC cases. Thus, we believe we have found a significative prognostic factor for RCC.
- Published
- 2020
20. Application of fast steering mirror in image motion compensation
- Author
-
张 葆 Zhang Bao, 王正玺 Wang Zheng-xi, 张士涛 Zhang Shi-tao, and 李贤涛 Li Xian-tao
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Image motion ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Compensation (engineering) - Published
- 2020
21. Development of a Diagnostic Questionnaire for Damp Phlegm Pattern and Blood Stasis Pattern in Coronary Heart Disease Patients (CHD-DPBSPQ)
- Author
-
Ge Fang, Qi Ren, Xian-Tao Li, Xiaowen Zhou, Ling-lin Zhang, Bin Wang, Xuan Zhou, Xiao-Qi Liu, Xinlin Chen, and Dan-hong Peng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Intraclass correlation ,Phlegm ,Construct validity ,lcsh:Other systems of medicine ,Blood stasis ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,lcsh:RZ201-999 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Convergent validity ,Cronbach's alpha ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Criterion validity ,Content validity ,Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background. The aim was to develop a diagnostic questionnaire for damp phlegm pattern and blood stasis pattern in coronary heart disease patients (CHD-DPBSPQ). Methods. The standard procedures of questionnaire development were carried out to develop and assess CHD-DPBSPQ. The patients were assessed using the CHD-DPBSPQ, CHD-DPPQ, and CHD-BSPQ. Four methods were used to select the items on the CHD-DPBSPQ in a pilot study based on data from a Guizhou tertiary grade A hospital. Cronbach’s alpha and the split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, content validity, criterion validity, construct validity, and convergent validity were determined in a validation study using a nationwide sample. Results. After item selection, the CHD-DPBSPQ contained 15 items in two domains: the phlegm domain (9 items) and the blood stasis domain (6 items). For the CHD-DPBSPQ, the alpha coefficient was 0.88, the split-half coefficient was 0.90, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83. The range of the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was 0.71 to 1.0 and that of the scale-level content validity index/average (Scale-CVI/Ave) was 0.97. The domain scores on the CHD-DPBSPQ were in close relation to the scores on a questionnaire for damp phlegm pattern in coronary heart disease patients (CHD-DPPQ) and a questionnaire for blood stasis pattern in coronary heart disease patient (CHD-BSPQ) (P<0.01). The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.05 (90% CI: 0.044, 0.059). Convergent validity was demonstrated with a moderate correlation. Conclusion. The CHD-DPBSPQ is a reliable and valid instrument.
- Published
- 2019
22. Periodontal disease and risk of benign prostate hyperplasia: a cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Yun-Yun Wang, You-Jia Zhu, Hong Weng, Lan Wu, Bing-Hui Li, Chao-Yang Wang, Qiao Huang, Xian-Tao Zeng, and Hao Zi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Cross-sectional study ,Prostatic Hyperplasia ,Subgroup analysis ,Logistic regression ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Periodontal disease ,Prostate ,Benign prostate hyperplasia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Periodontitis ,Periodontal Diseases ,Aged ,lcsh:R5-920 ,lcsh:Military Science ,business.industry ,Research ,lcsh:U ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Hyperplasia ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Inflammatory disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Logistic Models ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Case-Control Studies ,Multivariate Analysis ,business ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
Background Both periodontal disease and benign prostatic hyperplasia are age-related diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between periodontal disease and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods A total of 4930 participants were selected from an available health examination that was carried out in 2017, only males were considered for further analysis. All eligible males were divided into benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal groups, the benign prostatic hyperplasia group was then divided into prostate volume ≤ 60 g and > 60 g subgroups; all their periodontal status was extracted and then into normal (CPI score of 0), periodontal disease (CPI score between 1 and 4), and periodontitis (CPI score between 3 and 4) groups. The correlation between periodontal disease and benign prostatic hyperplasia was investigated using logistic regression analyses and greedy matching case-control analysis. Subgroup analysis based on prostate volume was also performed. All analyses were conducted with SAS 9.4 software. Results A total of 2171 males were selected for this analysis. The presence of periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia by 1.68 times (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.26–2.24), and individuals with periodontitis showed a higher risk (OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 2.75–6.35). In addition, among matched cases and controls, this association remained robust (periodontal disease: OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.30–2.64; periodontitis: OR = 4.83, 95% CI: 2.57–9.07). Subgroup analysis revealed that periodontal disease significantly increased benign prostate hyperplasia risk as well (for prostate volume ≤ 60 g: OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.22–2.20; for volume > 60 g: OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.04–4.53), and there was a higher risk in the group with a prostate volume greater than 60 g. Conclusion Periodontal disease is significantly and positively associated with an increased risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Further validation studies should be performed to explore the relationship between periodontal treatment and benign prostate hyperplasia.
- Published
- 2019
23. Knowledge of and Compliance With Guidelines in the Management of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Survey of Chinese Urologists
- Author
-
Dan-Qi Wang, Qiao Huang, Xing Huang, Ying-Hui Jin, Yun-Yun Wang, Yue-Xian Shi, Si-Yu Yan, Lu Yang, Bing-Hui Li, Tong-Zu Liu, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cancer Research ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Guideline ,medicine.disease ,Logistic regression ,professional practice ,Compliance (psychology) ,McNemar's test ,Oncology ,Informed consent ,Statistical significance ,Family medicine ,surveys and questionnaires ,medicine ,guideline adherence ,urinary bladder neoplasms ,business ,Non muscle invasive ,guideline ,RC254-282 ,Original Research - Abstract
BackgroundNon-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) still poses a heavy load for resulting in many new cases which contribute significantly to medical costs. Although many NMIBC guidelines have been developed, their implementation remains deficient.ObjectiveThis study was conducted in order to analyze the knowledge of and compliance with the guidelines for NMIBC of Chinese urologists and to identify associated factors.MethodsWe conducted an online survey between August 2019 and January 2021. Respondents who were more than 65 years old or did not give informed consent were excluded. Linear/logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with the knowledge of and compliance with the guidelines of urologists, respectively. McNemar’s tests were used to explore the divergence between knowledge and compliance.ResultsA total of 814 responses were received, and 98.77% of urologists acknowledged the positive effects of high-quality guidelines. The average knowledge score was 6.10 ± 1.28 (out of a full score of 9), and it was positively associated with educational level and the number of guidelines consulted. Only 1.61% and 39.36% of the respondents realized that the guidelines did not recommend further chemotherapy or BCG infusion for low-risk patients. There were 38.87% and 51.84% respondents “often” or more frequently utilizing BCG therapy for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC patients, respectively. Divergence between knowledge and compliance in performing a second TURBT after incomplete initial resection reached statistical significance (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAlthough the vast majority of urologists acknowledged the positive effects of guidelines, knowledge of and compliance with some recommendations of NMIBC guidelines are still inadequate. Factors associated with guidelines, individual professionals, patients, organizations, and the environment jointly contributed to the non-compliance.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Periodontitis Exacerbates Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia through Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
- Author
-
Tong Deng, Jia-Min Gu, Lan Wu, Cheng Li, Ming-Juan Zhao, Weiguang Li, Xing-Pei Guo, Xian-Tao Zeng, and Cheng Fang
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Prostatic Hyperplasia ,Apoptosis ,medicine.disease_cause ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Biochemistry ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Prostate ,Testosterone ,biology ,General Medicine ,Hyperplasia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cytokine ,Disease Progression ,Cytokines ,medicine.symptom ,Inflammation Mediators ,Porphyromonas gingivalis ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Cell Line ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Alveolar Process ,Animals ,Humans ,Periodontitis ,Cell Proliferation ,QH573-671 ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Disease Models, Animal ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,Cytology ,business ,Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that men with periodontitis are also susceptible to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and that periodontal treatment can improve the prostatic symptom. However, molecular links of this relationship are largely unknown. The goal of the current study was to elucidate the effects of experimental periodontitis on the hyperplasia of prostate and whether oxidative stress and inflammation participated in this process. For this purpose, ligature-induced periodontitis, testosterone-induced BPH, and the composite models in rats were established. Four weeks later, all the rats were sacrificed and the following items were measured: alveolar bone loss and histological examination of periodontal tissues were taken to assess the establishment of periodontitis model, prostate index and histological examination of prostate tissues were taken to test the establishment of the BPH model, inflammatory cytokines in plasma were assessed, and Bax/Bcl-2 proteins related to cell apoptosis were analyzed via western blot analysis. To further investigate whether oxidative stress participates in the aggravation of BPH, in vitro models were also conducted to measure the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration. We found that simultaneous periodontitis and BPH synergistically aggravated prostate histological changes, significantly increased Ki67 proliferation, and reduced apoptosis in rat prostate tissues. Also, our results showed that periodontal ligation induced increased Bcl-2 protein expression, whereas Bax expression was decreased in BPH rats than in normal rats. Compared with the control group, periodontitis and BPH both significantly enhanced inflammatory cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP. Furthermore, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induced enhanced generation of intracellular expression of ROS and H2O2 in BPH-1 cells. Our experimental evidence demonstrated that periodontitis might promote BPH development through regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory process, thus providing new strategies for prevention and treatment of BPH.
- Published
- 2021
25. Development of rapid advice guideline and standard and continuous updating guideline: experiences and practice
- Author
-
Xian Tao Zeng, Ying Hui Jin, and Xiao Mei Yao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Evidence-based medicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Rapid advice guideline ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Guideline development ,Pandemics ,Letter to the Editor ,Clinical practice guideline ,Medical education ,lcsh:R5-920 ,lcsh:Military Science ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,lcsh:U ,COVID-19 ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,Guideline ,Reference Standards ,Advice (programming) ,030104 developmental biology ,business ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
We published rapid advice guidelines and updated guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management on February 6, 2020, and September 4, 2020, respectively. These two guidelines vary widely in their developmental background, type of evidence, grade of recommendation and so on. We shared our experience for the development of these two guidelines to help clinical practitioners better understand and implement guidelines and to help guideline developers facilitate communication and discussion for guideline development during the pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
26. Poor Sleep Quality in Nurses Working or Having Worked Night Shifts: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Author
-
Qiao Huang, Chong Tian, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
night shift ,Cross-sectional study ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,poor sleep quality ,sleepiness ,Logistic regression ,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,S-shaped relationship ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,Original Research ,Sleep hygiene ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Odds ratio ,clinical nurse ,Cohort ,Marital status ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience ,RC321-571 ,Demography - Abstract
Night shifts are part of clinical care. It is unclear whether poor sleep quality of nurses working both consecutive night shifts and day shifts after quitting night shifts is common. In this cross-sectional study, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality as study outcome. Univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regressions were performed to compare PSQI score and prevalence of poor sleep quality between 512 nurses currently working consecutive night shifts and 174 nurses having worked night shifts in the past. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 62.11% in nurses working consecutive night shifts and 55.75% in nurses having worked night shifts before. In multivariable regressions with adjustment for potential confounders, compared with nurses working consecutive night shifts, nurses having worked past night shifts reported decreased PSQI score [mean difference: −0.82 (95% CI: −1.27 to −0.38, p < 0.001)] and lower poor sleep quality [odds ratio (OR): 0.49 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.80, p = 0.005)]. In nurses working consecutive night shifts, a rising curve that plateaued at the end was observed between years of consecutive night shifts and PSQI score, p = 0.004. To explore the change in PSQI score after quitting night shift, we constructed a hypothetical prospective cohort from the cross-sectional data. Here, 98 pairs of nurses with consecutive and past night shifts were matched for the number of night shift years, religion, marital status, living condition, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. In each pair, a hypothetical change in PSQI score was calculated between the two types of nurses and hypothetical years after quitting night shifts was obtained from the matched nurse with past night shifts. A U-shaped curve between change in PSQI and years after quitting night shifts was observed, p = 0.007. The rising curve and U-shaped curve together formed an S-shaped curve, which mapped the change in sleep quality. These results based on the hypothetical cohort constructed from cross-sectional data suggested the presence of persistent poor sleep quality in night shift nurses. Also, we support early and continuous sleep hygiene education and reflection for an optimal strategy for when to cease working night shifts with regard to sleep-related problems.
- Published
- 2021
27. Epidemiological Trends of Urinary Tract Infections, Urolithiasis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in 204 Countries and Territories From 1990 to 2019
- Author
-
Hao Zi, Cheng Fang, Xiao-Dong Li, Lu-Yao Li, Dan-Qi Wang, Jia-Min Gu, Fei Li, Xin-Pei Guo, Xian-Tao Zeng, Qiao Huang, and Cong Zhu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Urinary system ,Epidemiology ,Medicine ,Hyperplasia ,urologic and male genital diseases ,business ,medicine.disease - Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the disease burden of urinary tract infections (UTI), urolithiasis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, including incident cases, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and corresponding age-standardized rate (ASR) from 1990 to 2019. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to evaluate the trends of ASR. The associations between disease burden and social development degrees were analyzed by socio-demographic index (SDI).ResultsCompared with 1990, the incident cases of UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH increased by 60.40%, 48.57%, and 105.70% in 2019, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of UTI increased (EAPC = 0.08), while urolithiasis (EAPC = -0.83) and BPH (EAPC = -0.03) decreased from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of UTI and urolithiasis was 3.13/100,000 and 0.17/100,000, respectively. BPH had the largest increase (110.56%) in DALYs in past three decades, followed by UTI (68.89%) and urolithiasis (16.95%). The burden of UTI mainly concentrated in South Asia and Tropical Latin America while the burden of urolithiasis and BPH was recorded in Asia and Eastern Europe. Moreover, the ASIR and SDI of urolithiasis in high SDI regions from 1990 to 2019 were negatively correlated, while the opposite trend was in low SDI regions. In 2019, the ASIR of UTI in female was 3.59 times that of male, while the ASIR of urolithiasis in male was 1.96 times higher than female. The incidence was highest in 30-34, 55-59, and 65-69 age group among UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH, respectively. ConclusionsOver the past three decades, the disease burden remains increased in UTI, while decreased in urolithiasis and BPH. The allocation of medical resources should be more based on the epidemiological characteristics and geographical distribution of diseases.
- Published
- 2021
28. Meta-analysis with zero-event studies: a comparative study with application to COVID-19 data
- Author
-
Ke Yang, Xian-Tao Zeng, Tiejun Tong, Enxuan Lin, Jiandong Shi, Zongliang Hu, and Jia-Jin Wei
- Subjects
Data Analysis ,Medicine (General) ,Mean squared error ,Zero-event studies ,Binary number ,Continuity correction ,01 natural sciences ,Generalized linear mixed model ,010104 statistics & probability ,03 medical and health sciences ,R5-920 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Meta-Analysis as Topic ,Statistics ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0101 mathematics ,Coronavirus disease 2019 data ,business.industry ,Methodology ,Linear model ,COVID-19 ,Contrast (statistics) ,General Medicine ,Relative risk ,Meta-analysis ,Military Science ,Research Design ,Linear Models ,business - Abstract
Background Meta-analysis is a statistical method to synthesize evidence from a number of independent studies, including those from clinical studies with binary outcomes. In practice, when there are zero events in one or both groups, it may cause statistical problems in the subsequent analysis. Methods In this paper, by considering the relative risk as the effect size, we conduct a comparative study that consists of four continuity correction methods and another state-of-the-art method without the continuity correction, namely the generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). To further advance the literature, we also introduce a new method of the continuity correction for estimating the relative risk. Results From the simulation studies, the new method performs well in terms of mean squared error when there are few studies. In contrast, the generalized linear mixed model performs the best when the number of studies is large. In addition, by reanalyzing recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) data, it is evident that the double-zero-event studies impact the estimate of the mean effect size. Conclusions We recommend the new method to handle the zero-event studies when there are few studies in a meta-analysis, or instead use the GLMM when the number of studies is large. The double-zero-event studies may be informative, and so we suggest not excluding them.
- Published
- 2021
29. Quality of and Recommendations for Relevant Clinical Practice Guidelines for COVID-19 Management: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal
- Author
-
Yun-Yun Wang, Qiao Huang, Quan Shen, Hao Zi, Bing-Hui Li, Ming-Zhen Li, Shao-Hua He, Xian-Tao Zeng, Xiaomei Yao, and Ying-Hui Jin
- Subjects
Medicine (General) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,diagnosis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Azithromycin ,03 medical and health sciences ,R5-920 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Interquartile range ,medicine ,discharge management ,Quality (business) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,media_common ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Hydroxychloroquine ,General Medicine ,Guideline ,AGREE II ,Critical appraisal ,Data extraction ,treatments ,Chemoprophylaxis ,Medicine ,Systematic Review ,prophylaxis ,business ,guideline ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: The morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are still increasing. This study aimed to assess the quality of relevant COVID-19 clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and to compare the similarities and differences between recommendations.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) and representative guidelines repositories from December 1, 2019, to August 11, 2020 (updated to April 5, 2021), to obtain eligible CPGs. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool was used to evaluate the quality of CPGs. Four authors extracted relevant information and completed data extraction forms. All data were analyzed using R version 3.6.0 software.Results: In total, 39 CPGs were identified and the quality was not encouragingly high. The median score (interquartile range, IQR) of every domain from AGREE II for evidence-based CPGs (EB-CPGs) versus (vs.) consensus-based CPG (CB-CPGs) was 81.94% (75.00–84.72) vs. 58.33% (52.78–68.06) in scope and purpose, 59.72% (38.89–75.00) vs. 36.11% (33.33–36.11) in stakeholder involvement, 64.58% (32.29–71.88) vs. 22.92% (16.67–26.56) in rigor of development, 75.00% (52.78–86.81) vs. 52.78% (50.00–63.89) in clarity of presentation, 40.63% (22.40–62.50) vs. 20.83% (13.54–25.00) in applicability, and 58.33% (50.00–100.00) vs. 50.00% (50.00–77.08) in editorial independence, respectively. The methodological quality of EB-CPGs were significantly superior to the CB-CPGs in the majority of domains (P < 0.05). There was no agreement on diagnosis criteria of COVID-19. But a few guidelines show Remdesivir may be beneficial for the patients, hydroxychloroquine +/– azithromycin may not, and there were more consistent suggestions regarding discharge management. For instance, after discharge, isolation management and health status monitoring may be continued.Conclusions: In general, the methodological quality of EB-CPGs is greater than CB-CPGs. However, it is still required to be further improved. Besides, the consistency of COVID-19 recommendations on topics such as diagnosis criteria is different. Of them, hydroxychloroquine +/– azithromycin may be not beneficial to treat patients with COVID-19, but remdesivir may be a favorable risk-benefit in severe COVID-19 infection; isolation management and health status monitoring after discharge may be still necessary. Chemoprophylaxis, including SARS-CoV 2 vaccines and antiviral drugs of COVID-19, still require more trials to confirm this.
- Published
- 2021
30. Assessing the Presence and Position of Carotid Plaque Improves Risk Stratification for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Among Patients With Hypertension
- Author
-
Jin-Wen Wang, Xian-Tao Song, Hui-Juan Zuo, Jie Lin, and Hong-Xia Yang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Position (obstetrics) ,Text mining ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Risk stratification ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Disease ,business - Abstract
Background: Ischemic cardiovascular disease (ISCVD) is a massive public health problem. ISCVD risk prediction models based on traditional risk factors as predictors is limited. Carotid atherosclerosis plays a fundamental value in the occurrence of ISCVD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of risk stratification plus carotid plaque improving the prediction of ISCVD. Methods: Between June 2016 and June 2017, 3998 subjects with hypertension were prospectively recruited and completed traditional risk factors survey and carotid ultrasound measurements in Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, China. Results: A total of 2010 (50.3%) subjects were detected carotid plaque. Among patients free from ISCVD (n=3479), there were 884 patients (25.4%) at high risk for ISCVD, and 868 (25.0%), 1727 (49.6%) was classified as intermediate risk or low risk according to Chinese cardiovascular risk score chart. The detected rate of carotid plaque was 64.7%, 53.7%, and 38.5% among patients at high risk to low risk, respectively. Carotid plaques and risk stratification alone or in combination were significantly associated with ischemic stroke, and negatively correlated with coronary heart disease (all P>0.05). Adding carotid plaque to risk stratification, the ischemic stroke prevalence increased from 5.3% to 9.1% in the low-risk group (P=0.001), 5.4% to 12.3% in the intermediate-risk group (PConclusions: Carotid plaque has an important position as it plus risk stratification may improve the risk assessment of ischemic stroke and have resulted in reclassification.
- Published
- 2021
31. Prognosis values of modified Lauren classification in gastric cancer: a validation from SEER database
- Author
-
Masanobu Abe, Jun Wang, Yan Zhao, Chundong Zhang, Nan-Nan Zhang, Fei-Long Ning, Hong-Guang Quan, Junpeng Pei, Yi-Feng Jin, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Seer database ,medicine ,Lauren classification ,Cancer ,business ,medicine.disease - Abstract
Background: It remains controversial as to which pathological classification is most valuable in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with gastric cancer (GC). We assessed the prognostic performances of three pathological classifications in GC and developed a novel prognostic nomogram individually predicting OS. Methods: Patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors. Model discrimination and model-fitting were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves and Akaike information criteria. Decision curve analysis was performed to assess clinical usefulness. The independent prognostic factors identified by multivariate analysis were further applied to develop a novel prognostic nomogram. Results: A total of 2,718 eligible GC patients were identified. The modified Lauren classification was identified as one of the independent prognostic factors of OS. It showed superior model discriminative ability and model-fitting performance over the other pathological classifications, and similar results were obtained in various patient settings. In addition, it showed superior net benefits over the Lauren classification and tumor differentiation grade in predicting 3- and 5-year OS. A novel prognostic nomogram incorporating the modified Lauren classification showed superior model discriminative ability, model-fitting performance, and net benefits over the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition TNM classification. Conclusion: The modified Lauren classification showed superior net benefits over the Lauren classification and tumor differentiation grade in predicting OS. A novel prognostic nomogram incorporating the modified Lauren classification showed good model discriminative ability, model-fitting performance, and net benefits.
- Published
- 2021
32. High-precision robotic assembly system using three-dimensional vision
- Author
-
Shaohua Yan, De Xu, and Xian Tao
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,TK7800-8360 ,Computer science ,business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Three dimensional vision ,Feature extraction ,02 engineering and technology ,QA75.5-76.95 ,Computer Science Applications ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,3d vision ,Artificial Intelligence ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Robot ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Electronics ,business ,Pose ,Software - Abstract
The design of a high-precision robot assembly system is a great challenge. In this article, a robotic assembly system is developed to assemble two components with six degree-of-freedoms in three-dimensional space. It consists of two manipulators, a structured light camera which is mounted on the end-effector aside component A to measure the pose of component B. Firstly, the features of irregular components are extracted based on U-NET network training with few labeled images. Secondly, an algorithm is proposed to calculate the pose of component B based on the image features and the corresponding three-dimensional coordinates on its ellipse surface. Thirdly, the six errors including two position errors and one orientation error in image space, and one position error and two orientation errors in Cartesian space are computed to control the motions of component A to align with component B. The hybrid visual servoing method is used in the control system. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the designed system.
- Published
- 2021
33. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Kidney, Bladder, and Prostate Cancers and Their Attributable Risk Factors, 1990-2019
- Author
-
Cong Zhu, Lu-Yao Li, Xu-Hui Li, Xian-Tao Zeng, Shao-Hua He, Xie-Yuan Leng, Xiao-Dong Li, Jia-Min Gu, Dao-Jing Ming, Dalin He, Qiao Huang, Xinghuan Wang, Xiao-Feng Xu, Hong Weng, Shuai Yuan, and Hao Zi
- Subjects
Oncology ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (General) ,Urinary Bladder ,Kidney ,Global Burden of Disease ,Prostate cancer ,R5-920 ,Prostate ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Genitourinary cancer ,medicine ,Humans ,Mortality ,Aged ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Public health ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Research ,Incidence ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Kidney cancer ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Disability-adjusted life-years ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Military Science ,Attributable risk ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,business - Abstract
Background The burden of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers has changed in recent decades. This study aims to investigate the global and regional burden of, and attributable risk factors for genitourinary cancers during the past 30 years. Methods We extracted data of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database, including incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to assess the changes in age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR). The associations between cancers burden and socio-demographic index (SDI) were also analyzed. Results Compared with 1990, the global incident cases in 2019 were higher by 154.78%, 123.34%, and 169.11% for kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers, respectively. During the 30-year study period, there was a downward trend in ASMR and ASDR for bladder cancer (EAPC = − 0.68 and − 0.83, respectively) and prostate cancer (EAPC = − 0.75 and − 0.71, respectively), but an upward trend for kidney cancer (EAPC = 0.35 and 0.12, respectively). Regions and countries with higher SDI had higher incidence, mortality, and DALYs for all three types of cancers. The burden of bladder and prostate cancers was mainly distributed among older men, whereas the burden of kidney cancer increased among middle-aged men. Smoking related mortality and DALYs decreased, but high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) related mortality and DALYs increased among kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers during the study period. Conclusions Kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers remain major global public health challenges, but with distinct trend for different disease entity across different regions and socioeconomic status. More proactive intervention strategies, at both the administrative and academic levels, based on the dynamic changes, are needed.
- Published
- 2021
34. Prognostic value of modified Lauren classification in gastric cancer
- Author
-
Chun-Dong Zhang, Fei-Long Ning, Jun Wang, Nan-Nan Zhang, Yi-Feng Jin, Xian-Tao Zeng, Yan Zhao, Hong-Guang Quan, Jun-Peng Pei, and Masanobu Abe
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Survival outcome ,Gastroenterology ,Univariate ,Pathological classification ,Cancer ,Nomogram ,medicine.disease ,Discriminative model ,Retrospective Study ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Lauren classification ,Akaike information criterion ,business ,Gastric cancer ,Prognostic model ,Tumor-node-metastasis classification - Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains controversial as to which pathological classification is most valuable in predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with gastric cancer (GC). AIM To assess the prognostic performances of three pathological classifications in GC and develop a novel prognostic nomogram for individually predicting OS. METHODS Patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors. Model discrimination and model fitting were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves and Akaike information criteria. Decision curve analysis was performed to assess clinical usefulness. The independent prognostic factors identified by multivariate analysis were further applied to develop a novel prognostic nomogram. RESULTS A total of 2718 eligible GC patients were identified. The modified Lauren classification was identified as one of the independent prognostic factors for OS. It showed superior model discriminative ability and model-fitting performance over the other pathological classifications, and similar results were obtained in various patient settings. In addition, it showed superior net benefits over the Lauren classification and tumor differentiation grade in predicting 3- and 5-year OS. A novel prognostic nomogram incorporating the modified Lauren classification showed superior model discriminative ability, model-fitting performance, and net benefits over the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition tumor-node-metastasis classification. CONCLUSION The modified Lauren classification shows superior net benefits over the Lauren classification and tumor differentiation grade in predicting OS. A novel prognostic nomogram incorporating the modified Lauren classification shows good model discriminative ability, model-fitting performance, and net benefits.
- Published
- 2021
35. Updating the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 'suspected case' and 'confirmed case' is necessary
- Author
-
Yun-Yun Wang, Ying-Hui Jin, Xue-Qun Ren, Yi-Rong Li, Xiao-Chun Zhang, Xian-Tao Zeng, Xing-Huan Wang, and for the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus Management and Research Team
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,030106 microbiology ,Pneumonia, Viral ,MEDLINE ,Guideline ,03 medical and health sciences ,Betacoronavirus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,Diagnosis ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Letter to the Editor ,Pandemics ,National health ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Novel coronavirus ,lcsh:Military Science ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Prevention ,lcsh:U ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Research findings ,medicine.disease ,Treatment ,Coronavirus ,New disease ,2019-nCoV ,Medical emergency ,business ,Coronavirus Infections ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
On 6 February 2020, our team had published a rapid advice guideline for diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, and this guideline provided our experience and make well reference for fighting against this pandemic worldwide. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease, our awareness and knowledge are gradually increasing based on the ongoing research findings and clinical practice experience; hence, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment are also continually updated. In this letter, we answered one comment on our guideline and provided the newest diagnostic criteria of “suspected case” and “confirmed case” according to the latest Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 (seventh version) that issued by the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China.
- Published
- 2020
36. Erbium YAG laser and diode laser applications for the second phase of implant surgery: a comparison of clinical outcomes
- Author
-
Jiang-Wu Yao, Xian Tao, Zhi-Qiang Xu, Hom-Lay Wang, and Junying Li
- Subjects
business.industry ,Phase (waves) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Erbium-YAG laser ,Stage ii ,Laser ,Implant surgery ,law.invention ,Erbium ,chemistry ,law ,Medicine ,Implant ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Diode - Abstract
This study assessed the clinic outcomes of erbium: yttrium/aluminum/garnet (Er:YAG) laser and diode laser use in second phase of implant surgery. Fifty implants scheduled for stage II implant surgery were randomly assigned to 4 groups. In the first group (G1), Lite-touch Er:YAG laser was selected, and a vacuum-formed template was used for each site to indicate surgical entrance. For the second group (G2), Lite-touch Er:YAG laser was used and the surgery was performed in a free-hand way. The third group (G3) adopted free-hand surgery while diode laser was used. In the last group (G4), LightWalker Er:YAG laser was applied by free hand. The surgeon was allowed to look at cross-sectional images and 3D reconstruction in the computer to obtain implant position in G2, G3, and G4. The time of operation, healing time, and accuracy of operation were assessed. G1 and G4 took the shortest time in surgery than that of the other two groups (P 0.05). The healing time of Lite-touch Er:YAG laser with or without surgical guide was the shortest when compared with the other two groups (P
- Published
- 2019
37. Fasting blood glucose level and hypertension risk in aging benign prostatic hyperplasia patients
- Author
-
Hao Zi, Xinghuan Wang, Xue-Jun Wang, Ming-Juan Zhao, Qiao Huang, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hypertension ,Prostatic Hyperplasia ,Logistic regression ,Gastroenterology ,Hypertension risk ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Humans ,Fasting blood glucose level ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Confounding ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Cell Biology ,Hyperplasia ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Impaired fasting glucose ,type 2 ,diabetes mellitus ,business ,Research Paper - Abstract
Evidence suggests there maybe an association among abnormal fasting blood glucose, hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this study, we investigated whether abnormal fasting blood glucose correlates with hypertension in aging benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. Ultimately, 612 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, including 230 hypertensive patients and 382 normotensive patients, were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations. The results indicated that neither impaired fasting glucose/high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus nor high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with an increased risk of hypertension. When patients were stratified based on the severity of their hypertension, similar results were obtained (all P> 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the nonsignificant tendencies for high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose/high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus to associate with hypertension persisted (all P> 0.05). Unlike earlier studies, the present study suggests that the level of fasting blood glucose may not be significantly related to hypertension in aging patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
- Published
- 2019
38. Actinin-4 as a Diagnostic Biomarker in Serum of Breast Cancer Patients
- Author
-
Tong Deng, Juan-Juan Li, Bing-Hui Li, Cheng Fang, Pei-Liang Geng, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Adult ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Breast Neoplasms ,Actinin ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Lab/In Vitro Research ,Internal medicine ,Diagnosis ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Diagnostic biomarker ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Receiver operating characteristic ,Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ,business.industry ,Area under the curve ,Case-control study ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Case-Control Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Neoplasm Grading ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND alpha-actinin-4 (Actinin-4 or ACTN4), originally identified as an actin-binding protein associated with the biological function of cancer cells, appears to be highly expressed in numerous human epithelial carcinomas, including breast cancer (BC). In the present study we assessed the role of serum ACTN4 as a biomarker for BC diagnosis, as well as the association between ACTN4 levels and clinicopathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS ACTN4 expression level was measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis in serum specimens of 128 BC patients and 96 healthy volunteers. χ² testing was conducted to explore the association of ACTN4 levels with clinicopathologic factors. Moreover, the diagnostic value of ACTN4 was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Serum ACTN4 level was obviously upregulated in patients with BC compared with healthy controls (P0.05). High ACTN4 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage (P=0.000), tumor grade (P=0.004), and lymph node status (P=0.024). However, no association was found between ACTN4 expression and age, tumor size, ER status, PR status, or HER-2 status (all P0.05). The ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of ACTN4 was 0.887 (95%CI: 0.843-0.931), with sensitivity of 80.5% and specificity of 84.4%, and the cutoff value was 1.050. CONCLUSIONS ACTN4 in serum can serve as a clinical predictor in the diagnosis or prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with BC.
- Published
- 2019
39. Radiographic outcome of children older than twenty-four months with developmental dysplasia of the hip treated by closed reduction and spica cast immobilization in human position: a review of fifty-one hips
- Author
-
HongWen Xu, Federico Canavese, Xian-Tao Shen, Hang Liu, Yueming Guo, Haibo Mei, and YiQiang Li
- Subjects
Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiography ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Avascular necrosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,In patient ,Hip Dislocation, Congenital ,Reduction (orthopedic surgery) ,Retrospective Studies ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,030222 orthopedics ,business.industry ,Developmental dysplasia ,Spica cast ,Osteonecrosis ,Infant ,Plastic Surgery Procedures ,medicine.disease ,Acetabular dysplasia ,Osteotomy ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Splints ,Child, Preschool ,Orthopedic surgery ,Female ,business - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the radiographic outcomes, rate of redislocation, and avascular necrosis of proximal femoral epiphysis (AVN) in patients aged 24 to 36 months with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) treated by closed reduction (CR) and spica cast immobilization in human position. We reviewed the medical records of 39 patients (51 hips) aged 24 to 36 months with DDH treated by CR and spica cast immobilization in human position. The Tonnis grade, rate of redislocation and AVN, acetabular index (AI), centre-edge angle (CEA), and Severin radiographic grade were evaluated on plain radiographs. Among the included 39 patients (51 hips), 15 hips (29.4%) were Tonnis grade II, 24 hips (47.1%) were grade III, and 12 hips (23.5%) were grade IV. In 47 hips (92.2%), the ossific nucleus was present at the time of CR. Stable reduction was achieved by CR in 39/51 hips (76.5%) and redislocation occurred in 12/51 hips (23.5%). Among the 12 hips that redislocated, 11 underwent open reduction and one repeated CR. Two out of 40 hips (5%) treated by CR developed AVN. Overall, 54.6% of the hips had satisfactory outcomes (39.2% Severin type I and 17.6% type II), while 45.4% had unsatisfactory outcomes (39.2% Severin type III and 3.9% type IV). Of the 40 hips treated by CR, 57.5% and 42.5% of cases had satisfactory outcomes and residual acetabular dysplasia, respectively. Six out of 11 hips (54.6%) treated by open reduction and pelvic osteotomy had satisfactory outcomes. Our study showed that stable CR could be achieved in 76.5% of patients aged 24 to 36 months with DDH at the time of index procedure. Satisfactory outcomes can be expected in 56.4% of the cases (5.0% AVN rate), although late acetabular dysplasia may develop in 43.6% of the hips.
- Published
- 2019
40. Determining the stability of minimally displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures in children: ultrasound is better than arthrography
- Author
-
Xing Wu, Shaowei Yang, Si Wang, Xian-tao Shen, Xiongtao Li, Jingdong Xia, and Xiao-Liang Chen
- Subjects
Cartilage, Articular ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Humeral Fractures ,lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Ultrasound scan ,Elbow ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,lcsh:Orthopedic surgery ,Ultrasound ,Elbow Joint ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Displacement (orthopedic surgery) ,Prospective Studies ,Arthrography ,Child ,Children ,Letter to the Editor ,Humeral condyle ,Ultrasonography ,Orthodontics ,Orthopedic surgery ,030222 orthopedics ,Lateral condyle fractures ,business.industry ,Cartilage ,Age Factors ,Infant ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Humerus ,lcsh:RD701-811 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,RC925-935 ,Child, Preschool ,Ultrasound imaging ,Surgery ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,RD701-811 ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Evaluating of the articular cartilage status of the distal humeral epiphysis is difficult. Ultrasound imaging of the elbow is increasingly being used to confirm the integrity of the articular cartilage of minimally displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures in children with minimally displaced fractures. The aims of this study were to assess the correlations between ultrasound and arthrography findings for predicting the integrity of the cartilage hinge and to describe the utility of ultrasound in determining the need for pre-treatment. Methods Thirty-nine patients with minimally displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures who underwent ultrasound and arthrography examinations before surgery from May 2018 to December 2019 were included in this study. Ultrasound and arthrography predictors of the cartilage hinge status were independently measured. The ultrasound and arthrography results were compared. Results The mean displacement of the fractures was 3.1 mm (range, 2.0~5.0 mm). Arthrography showed incomplete fractures in 24 patients (61.5%) and complete fractures in 15 patients (38.5%). Ultrasound showed incomplete fractures in 25 patients (64.1%) and complete fractures in 14 patients (35.9%). The ultrasound and arthrography results of the integrity of the articular surface were consistent in 92.3% of the cases, including 23 that were predicted to have an intact articular surface and 13 that were predicted to have an incongruity articular surface. There was no correlation between the displacement and the fracture appearing complete on the ultrasound scan. The Pearson coefficient between ultrasound and arthrography for assessing the integrity of the articular surface was 0.837. Conclusions Ultrasound and arthrography assessments of the integrity of the cartilage hinge status appear to be highly consistent. Ultrasound can be used as a complementary tool with arthrography to predict the integrity of the cartilage hinge status in children with minimally displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures. Level of evidence Prospective study; level II.
- Published
- 2021
41. Expert Consensus of Syndrome Differentiation for Phlegm Turbidity Syndrome for Coronary Heart Disease
- Author
-
Xuan Zhou, Qian Xu, Xiao-Qi Liu, Dan-hong Peng, Chuan-wei Mo, Yan-Ping Wang, Xian-Tao Li, Xinlin Chen, Bin Wang, and Rong Xie
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,biology ,business.industry ,Nausea ,Phlegm ,Delphi method ,lcsh:Other systems of medicine ,Anorexia ,lcsh:RZ201-999 ,biology.organism_classification ,Chest pain ,030205 complementary & alternative medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Internal medicine ,Vertigo ,medicine ,Vomiting ,030212 general & internal medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Somnolence ,Research Article - Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the study was to form a questionnaire of expert consensus about phlegm turbidity syndrome of coronary heart disease (CHD) using literature method and Delphi method, which could provide the objective evidences for the clinical diagnosis and treatment for CHD. Method. The CBM, CNKI, VIP, and PubMed were searched. The articles about phlegm turbidity syndrome for CHD with the definite related four diagnostic data were included. Based on the results of the literature method, two rounds of Delphi method were conducted. The TCM experts about CHD were enrolled. Concentration and coordination index of the experts were used to select the items. Results. Literature method: A total of 118 articles were included. Greasy fur, slippery pulse, chest fullness or chest pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, vertigo, excessive phlegm, abdominal fullness, head heaviness, obesity, stringy pulse, physical heaviness, soft pulse, somnolence, fatigue, and pale tongue (16 items) had the relatively high proportion, and they were eligible for Delphi process. Delphi method: A total of 93 experts (22 for the first round, 71 for the second round) were included. The reliability of the items was 0.885 for all the experts. The 16 items were not significantly different between the two rounds (P>0.05). According to the results of mean, frequency, sum of ranks and coefficient of variation, the item of nausea and vomiting, somnolence, pale tongue, and soft pulse were deleted. Conclusions. The questionnaire of phlegm turbidity syndrome of CHD was established, with good reliability. The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire are still necessary to further validate for clinical or scientific use.
- Published
- 2018
42. Gender Differences in Psychological and Behavioral Responses of Infected and Uninfected Health-Care Workers During the Early COVID-19 Outbreak
- Author
-
Qiao Huang, Li-Sha Luo, Yun-Yun Wang, Ying-Hui Jin, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,China ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Cross-sectional study ,Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,education ,psychological status ,Infections ,Logistic regression ,Disease Outbreaks ,Health Risk Behaviors ,03 medical and health sciences ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optimism ,healthcare worker ,Hygiene ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Health care ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Original Research ,media_common ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,Outbreak ,virus diseases ,protective measures ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Middle Aged ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,gender difference ,Anxiety ,Female ,Public Health ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Stress, Psychological ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography - Abstract
Objective: Understanding gender differences in responses of health-care workers (HCWs) to COVID-19 outbreak is an effective way to promote customized supports.Methods: During February 2020, 103 HCWs infected with COVID-19 (64 females and 39 males) and 535 uninfected HCWs (383 females and 152 males) were recruited in a cross-sectional study. Level of attention, six emotional status, and self-evaluation of eight protective measures were recorded. Multivariable Firth's logistic regressions were applied to explored independent effect of gender.Results: During early outbreak, female HCWs were more likely to give greater attention, adjusted OR:1.92 (95%CI 1.14–3.23) in total HCWs. Higher proportion of anxiety was observed in female HCWs, adjusted OR:3.14 (95%CI 1.98–4.99) for total HCWs, 4.32(95%CI 1.32–14.15) for infected HCWs and 2.97 (1.78, 4.95) for uninfected HCWs. Proportion of pessimism, fear, full of fighting spirit, and optimism were low, and no gender differences were observed. During a later outbreak, a majority of HCWs reported being very familiar with eight protective measures. After training, a proportion of high self-evaluation in hand hygiene, wearing gloves, and surgical masks increased independently in female HCWs, and adjusted ORs were 3.07 (95% CI 1.57–5.99), 2.37 (95% CI 1.26–4.49), and 1.92 (95% CI 1.02–3.62), respectively. Infection status amplified gender difference in anxiety, hand hygiene, and glove wearing.Conclusion: Female HCWs perceived the outbreak seriously, effective emotional and psychological well-ness should be targeted at female HCWs preferentially, and male HCWs should be encouraged to express their feelings and be further trained.
- Published
- 2021
43. Comprehensive Analysis of a Ferroptosis-related Gene Signature for Overall Survival and Immunotherapy Response in Patients With Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma
- Author
-
Hong Weng, Tong Deng, Shuai Yuan, Xian-Tao Zeng, Qiao Huang, and Xinghuan Wang
- Subjects
Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma ,Text mining ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Ferroptosis ,Overall survival ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,In patient ,Immunotherapy ,Related gene ,business - Abstract
Background: Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death that is iron-dependent and different from apoptosis, cell necrosis, and autophagy. Studies have indicated that many genes are involved in regulating ferroptosis or markers of ferroptosis. However, the value of genes related to ferroptosis in BLCA remains unclear.Methods: We comprehensively evaluated the differences in ferroptosis genes in patients with BLCA and control samples based on public databases, including mRNA expression, mutations, and copy number variations. The ferroptosis gene expression profile was used for consistent clustering to obtain ferr.clusterA and ferrclusterB. An analysis of differences between groups was performed to obtain ferroptosis-related gene, and then consistent clustering was performed to obtain ferr.gene.cluster A and ferr.gene.clusterB. Subsequently, the random forest algorithm was used to reduce dimensionality, Cox analysis was used to screen characteristic genes, principal component analysis was performed, and the ferroptosis score was constructed to quantify the ferroptosis expression of a single sample.Results: According to the ferroptosis score, the samples could be divided into two groups with significant differences in prognosis, which proves that the ferroptosis expression pattern in a single tumor can predict the prognostic response of patients.Conclusion: In summary, ferroptosis-related genes are significantly related to the progression of BLCA.
- Published
- 2021
44. Oral microbiota in the oral-genitourinary axis: identifying periodontitis as a potential risk of genitourinary cancers
- Author
-
Lan Wu, Hailiang Hu, Cheng Fang, Wei-Dong Leng, Xinghuan Wang, Shuai Yuan, Bing-Hui Li, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (General) ,Urinary bladder neoplasms ,Review ,Bioinformatics ,Pathogenesis ,Oral Microbiota ,R5-920 ,Risk Factors ,Epidemiology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Periodontitis ,business.industry ,Genitourinary system ,Microbiota ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Urogenital neoplasms ,stomatognathic diseases ,Military Science ,Oral microbiota ,Oral-genitourinary axis ,Dysbiosis ,Prostatic neoplasms ,business ,Kidney neoplasms - Abstract
Periodontitis has been proposed as a novel risk factor of genitourinary cancers: although periodontitis and genitourinary cancers are two totally distinct types of disorders, epidemiological and clinical studies, have established associations between them. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has already been established as a major factor contributing to periodontitis. Recent emerging epidemiological evidence and the detection of oral microbiota in genitourinary organs indicate the presence of an oral-genitourinary axis and oral microbiota may be involved in the pathogenesis of genitourinary cancers. Therefore, oral microbiota provides the bridge between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have carried out this narrative review which summarizes epidemiological studies exploring the association between periodontitis and genitourinary cancers. We have also highlighted the current evidence demonstrating the capacity of oral microbiota to regulate almost all hallmarks of cancer, and proposed the potential mechanisms of oral microbiota in the development of genitourinary cancers.
- Published
- 2021
45. Epidemiological Trends of Urinary Tract Infections at the Global, Regional, and National Levels from 1990-2017: A Population-Based Study
- Author
-
Lisha Luo, Tong Deng, Qiao Huang, Hao Zi, Cong Zhu, Lu-Yao Li, Shi-Di Tang, Jia-Min Gu, and Xian-Tao Zeng
- Subjects
Population based study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Environmental health ,Epidemiology ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
BackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are some of the most common infections worldwide and consume a lot of medical resources every year. However, there were a lack of available data on its incidence and disease burden. We armed to investigate incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life-years (DALYs) of urinary tract infections (UTIs) from 1990 to 2017.MethodsWe extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, then calculated estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and age-standardized DALYs rate at global, national, regional, and socio-demographic index (SDI) level.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2017, the globally incident cases (+52.09%), death cases (+140.10%), and DALYs (+69.65%) of UTIs all increased. The ASIR, ASDR, and age-standardized DALYs rate showed upward trends with the EAPC of +0.10 (95%CI: 0.07 to 0.12), +0.72 (95%CI: 0.65-0.78), and +0.06 (95%CI: -0.05 to 0.16), respectively. The ASIR decreased only in the high-middle SDI quantile (-0.26, 95%CI: -0.3 to -0.23). United Arab Emirates had the largest increase of DALYs (+835.04%), but Bulgaria had the largest decrease (-80.74%). EAPC for incidence and mortality were below 0 mainly in Europe and East Asia. In 2017, the incident cases (+3.44 times), the deaths (+1.31 times), and DALYs (+1.21 times) were all higher in females than males. The incident cases were mainly concentrated in 15-49 years old; DALYs and mortality were higher in over 80 age groups.Conclusions Globally, the burden of UTIs increased from 1990 to 2017, especially in females; however, distinct varies were observed in different regions and countries. The infants and elders are easier to die when they suffer from UTIs.
- Published
- 2021
46. Determinants of successful guideline implementation: A national cross-sectional survey
- Author
-
Dan-qi Wang, Jing Zhang, Tong Deng, Ying-Hui Jin, Li-Ming Tan, Fei Han, Di Huang, Chao Huang, Qiang Wang, Khalid S. Khan, Xian-Tao Zeng, Xinghuan Wang, Yu Wang, and Qiao Huang
- Subjects
China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Cross-sectional study ,Specialty ,Health Informatics ,Guideline ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,Health informatics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Response rate (survey) ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Health Policy ,Behavior change ,Odds ratio ,Computer Science Applications ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Adherence ,Implementation ,Family medicine ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Guideline Adherence ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Barriers ,Research Article - Abstract
Background CPGs are not uniformly successful in improving care and several instances of implementation failure have been reported. Performing a comprehensive assessment of the barriers and enablers is key to developing an informed implementation strategy. Our objective was to investigate determinants of guideline implementation and explore associations of self-reported adherence to guidelines with characteristics of participants in China. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey, using multi-stage stratified typical sampling based on China's economic regional divisions (the East, the Middle, the West and the Northeast). 2–5 provinces were selected from each region. 2–3 cities were selected in each province, and secondary and tertiary hospitals from each city were included. We developed a questionnaire underpinned by recommended methods for the design and conduct of self-administered surveys and based on conceptual framework of guideline use, in-depth related literature analysis, guideline development manuals, related behavior change theory. Finally, multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression to produce adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results The questionnaire consisted of four sections: knowledge of methodology for developing guidelines; barriers to accessing guideline; barriers to guideline implementation; and methods for improving guideline implementation. There were 1732 participants (87.3% response rate) from 51 hospitals. Of these, 77.2% reported to have used guidelines frequently or very frequently. The key barriers to guideline use were lack of education or training (46.2%), and overly simplistic wording or overly broad scope of recommendations (43.8%). Level of adherence to guidelines was associated with geographical regions (the northeast P P = 0.02; the middle P P = 0.028), length of practitioners’ practice (P = 0.006), education background (Ph.D., P = 0.027; Master, P = 0.002), evidence-based medicine skills acquired in work unit (P = 0.012), and medical specialty of practitioner (General Practice, P = 0.006; Surgery, P = 0.043). Conclusion Despite general acknowledgement of the importance of guidelines, the use of guidelines was not as frequent as might have been expected. To optimize the likelihood of adherence to guidelines, guideline implementation should follow an actively developed dissemination plan incorporating features associated with adherence in our study.
- Published
- 2021
47. Oxidative Stress Links Aging-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases and Prostatic Diseases
- Author
-
Shuai Yuan, Cheng Fang, Xian-Tao Zeng, Hao Zi, Jia-Min Gu, and Ming-Juan Zhao
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Prostatic Diseases ,Aging ,Review Article ,Bioinformatics ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Treatment targets ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Pathological ,QH573-671 ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business ,Cytology ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
The incidence of chronic aging-associated diseases, especially cardiovascular and prostatic diseases, is increasing with the aging of society. Evidence indicates that cardiovascular diseases usually coexist with prostatic diseases or increase its risk, while the pathological mechanisms of these diseases are unknown. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of both cardiovascular and prostatic diseases. The levels of oxidative stress biomarkers are higher in patients with cardiovascular diseases, and these also contribute to the development of prostatic diseases, suggesting cardiovascular diseases may increase the risk of prostatic diseases via oxidative stress. This review summarizes the role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular and prostatic diseases and also focuses on the main shared pathways underlying these diseases, in order to provide potential prevention and treatment targets.
- Published
- 2021
48. Test-Retest Reliability of the Coronary Heart Disease Damp Phlegm and Blood Stasis Pattern Questionnaire: Results from a Multicenter Clinical Trial
- Author
-
Xiaoqian Liao, Xingyu Fan, Ge Fang, Yaxin Wang, Xian-Tao Li, Zhenqian Yan, Xiaowen Zhou, and Zhixi Hu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Receiver operating characteristic ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Intraclass correlation ,Phlegm ,Blood stasis ,Clinical trial ,Other systems of medicine ,Cohen's kappa ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,medicine.symptom ,business ,RZ201-999 ,Kappa ,Reliability (statistics) ,Research Article - Abstract
Background. Damp phlegm and blood stasis pattern (DPBSP) is the main pattern in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. To quantify and standardize the diagnosis of DPBSP, questionnaires are usually administered. The CHD Damp Phlegm and Blood Stasis Pattern Questionnaire (CHD-DPBSPQ) is the standard metric for measuring CHD-DPBSP signs and symptoms in practice and clinical research. The CHD-DPBSPQ has moderate diagnostic efficiency, as evidenced by its receiver operating characteristic curves. Furthermore, and high reliability and validity have been shown in some studies but not in a multicenter clinical trial. Our purpose was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of a proprietary CHD-DPBSPQ. Methods. The CHD-DPBSPQ uses a standard procedure for measuring symptoms. The (interrater) reliability and validity of this questionnaire have been previously studied. Here, we evaluated the test interval and weighted kappa value of items of test-retest (intrarater) reliability of the CHD-DPBSPQ. The test-retest reliability was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total CHD-DPBSPQ score and the phlegm domain and blood stasis domain scores. Weighted kappa statistics were calculated for the individual CHD-DPBSPQ items. Results. Using the CHD-DPBSPQ, 79 patients with late-stage CHD who were participating in a multicenter clinical trial were assessed twice. The ICCs for the CHD-DPBSPQ score were as follows: 0.827 for the total CHD-DPBSPQ, 0.778 for the phlegm domain score, and 0.828 for the blood stasis domain score. The reliability was slightly better in patients whose test interval was ≤14 days. The weighted kappa values of individual items showed moderate consistency. Conclusions. The CHD-DPBSPQ was found to have excellent test-retest reliability in this sample of patients.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. BCINet: An Optimized Convolutional Neural Network for EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface Applications
- Author
-
Xian Tao and Avinash Kumar Singh
- Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Interface (computing) ,Deep learning ,Pattern recognition ,02 engineering and technology ,Solid modeling ,Electroencephalography ,Virtual reality ,Convolutional neural network ,Convolution ,03 medical and health sciences ,ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Brain–computer interface - Abstract
EEG based brain-computer interface (BCI) allows people to communicate and control external devices using brain signals. The application of BCI ranges from assisting in disabilities to interaction in a virtual reality environment by detecting user intent from EEG signals. The major problem lies in correctly classifying the EEG signals to issue a command with minimal requirement of pre-processing and resources. To overcome these problems, we have proposed, BCINet, a novel optimized convolution neural network model. We have evaluated the BCINet over two EEG based BCI datasets collected in mobile brain/body imaging (MoBI) settings. BCINet significantly outperforms the classification for two datasets with up to 20% increase in accuracy while fewer than 75% trainable parameters. Such a model with improved performance while less requirement of computation resources opens the possibilities for the development of several real-world BCI applications with high performance.
- Published
- 2020
50. Clinical determinants of the severity of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Ting Luo, Xian-Tao Zeng, Qing Liu, Xianrui Zhong, Xinyang Li, and Yongbo Wang
- Subjects
Male ,Viral Diseases ,Critical Care and Emergency Medicine ,Pulmonology ,Epidemiology ,Physiology ,Disease ,Comorbidity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Chronic liver disease ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical Conditions ,Endocrinology ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,Risk Factors ,Neoplasms ,Chronic Kidney Disease ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ,Aged, 80 and over ,COPD ,Multidisciplinary ,Liver Diseases ,Cancer Risk Factors ,Smoking ,Statistics ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,Metaanalysis ,Infectious Diseases ,Oncology ,Physiological Parameters ,Nephrology ,Hypertension ,Physical Sciences ,Female ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrine Disorders ,Science ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Respiratory Disorders ,Sex Factors ,Respiratory Failure ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Renal Diseases ,Humans ,Obesity ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Statistical Methods ,Aged ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,COVID-19 ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Covid 19 ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,Medical Risk Factors ,Metabolic Disorders ,business ,Mathematics ,Kidney disease - Abstract
ObjectiveWe aimed to systematically identify the possible risk factors responsible for severe cases.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane Library for epidemiological studies of confirmed COVID-19, which include information about clinical characteristics and severity of patients’ disease. We analyzed the potential associations between clinical characteristics and severe cases.ResultsWe identified a total of 41 eligible studies including 21060 patients with COVID-19. Severe cases were potentially associated with advanced age (Standard Mean Difference (SMD) = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34–2.12), male gender (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% CI:1.33–1.71), obesity (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.44–2.46), history of smoking (OR = 1.40, 95% CI:1.06–1.85), hypertension (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 2.03–2.88), diabetes (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.98–2.91), coronary heart disease (OR: 2.87, 95% CI: 2.22–3.71), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.63–5.41), cerebrovascular disease(OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.54–3.97), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.89–4.38), malignancy (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 2.00–3.40), and chronic liver disease (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.06–2.17). Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR = 39.59, 95% CI: 19.99–78.41), shock (OR = 21.50, 95% CI: 10.49–44.06) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 8.84, 95% CI: 4.34–18.00) were most likely to prevent recovery. In summary, patients with severe conditions had a higher rate of comorbidities and complications than patients with non-severe conditions.ConclusionPatients who were male, with advanced age, obesity, a history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, malignancy, coronary heart disease, hypertension, chronic liver disease, COPD, or CKD are more likely to develop severe COVID-19 symptoms. ARDS, shock and AKI were thought to be the main hinderances to recovery.
- Published
- 2020
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.