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BACKGROUND Recently, the role of several microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in pulmonary diseases has been described. The molecular mechanisms by which miR-214 is possibly implicated in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have not yet been addressed. Hence, this study aimed to investigate a putative role of miR-214 in alveolarization among preterm neonates with BPD. METHODS Microarray-based gene expression profiling data from BPD was employed to identify differentially expressed genes. A BPD neonatal rat model was induced by hyperoxia. Pulmonary epithelial cells were isolated from rats and exposed to hyperoxia to establish cell injury models. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in BPD neonatal rats and hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells. MiR-214 and PlGF expression in BPD neonatal rats, and eNOS, Bcl-2, c-myc, Survivin, α-SMA and E-cadherin expression in hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. The interaction between PlGF and miR-214 was identified using dual luciferase reporter gene and RIP assays. IL-1β, TNF-a, IL-6, ICAM-1 and Flt-1 expression in the rat models was measured using ELISA. RESULTS The lung tissues of neonatal rats with BPD showed decreased miR-214 expression with elevated PlGF expression. PlGF was found to be a target of miR-214, whereby miR-214 downregulated PlGF to inactivate the STAT3 pathway. miR-214 overexpression or PlGF silencing decreased the apoptosis of hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro and restored alveolarization in BPD neonatal rats. CONCLUSION Overall, the results demonstrated that miR-214 could facilitate alveolarization in preterm neonates with BPD by suppressing the PlGF-dependent STAT3 pathway.

Background The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of newborns, has been paradoxically rising despite medical advances. Histone deacetylase 3 (Hdac3) has been reported to be a crucial regulator in alveologenesis. Hence, this study aims to investigate the mechanism of Hdac3 in the abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD. Methods A hyperoxia-induced BPD model of was developed in newborn mice, and primary lung fibroblasts were isolated from adult mice. Hdac3 was knocked out in vivo and knocked down in vitro, while microRNA (miR)-17 was downregulated in vivo and in vitro to clarify their roles in abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization. Mechanistic investigations were performed on the interplay of Hdac3, miR-17-92 cluster, enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1), p65 and placental growth factor (Pgf). Results Hdac3 was involved in abnormal alveolarization and angiogenesis in BPD mice. Further, the expression of the miR-17-92 cluster in BPD mice was downregulated by Hdac3. miR-17 was found to target EZH1, and Hdac3 rescued the inhibited EZH1 expression by miR-17 in lung fibroblasts. Additionally, EZH1 augmented Pgf expression by recruiting p65 thus enhancing the progression of BPD. Hdac3 augmented the recruitment of p65 in the Pgf promoter region through the miR-17/EZH1 axis, thus enhancing the transcription and expression of Pgf, which elicited abnormal angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice. Conclusions Altogether, the present study revealed that Hdac3 activated the EZH1-p65-Pgf axis through inhibiting miR-17 in the miR-17-92 cluster, leading to accelerated abnormal pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice.

Background::In recent years, visual quality has been extensively investigated in various conditions. In this community-based population study, we analyzed the effects of aging, refraction, and Lens Opacification Classification System III (LOCSIII) score on retinal imaging quality in healthy Chinese adults.Methods::This cross-sectional study was conducted on sub-group subjects from The Handan Eye Study between October 2012 and January 2013. Healthy subjects over 30-years-old with logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) less than 0 were included. Retinal image quality was measured by optical quality analysis system (OQAS) and recorded as modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTF cutoff), OQAS value (OV) 100%, OV20%, OV9%, Strehl ratio (SR), and objective scatter index (OSI). The correlation between age, spherical equivalent refraction (SE), LOCSIII score, and optical quality parameters were investigated by multivariate analysis. Results::Among 1108 verified subjects, 690 subjects (1380 eyes) met the inclusion criteria. Their age ranged from 30 to 76 years, SE ranged from -4.75 to 2.75 D. They were divided into five age groups (30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and ≥70 years) for further analysis. After multivariate analysis by mixed-effect linear model, SR ( t = -3.03, P = 0.002), OV20% ( t = -2.39, P = 0.017), and OV9% ( t = -3.16, P = 0.001) significantly decreased with the increasing age, whereas logMAR BCVA ( t = 4.42, P < 0.001) and OSI ( t = 4.46, P < 0.001) significantly increased with age. As SE increased, SR ( t = 2.74, P = 0.01), OV20% ( t = 2.31, P = 0.02), and OV9% ( t = 2.79, P = 0.005) significantly elevated, and OSI ( t = -3.38, P < 0.001) significantly decreased. With the increase in cortical opacity score, all optical quality parameters except for SR significantly decreased, including MTF cutoff ( t = -2.78, P = 0.01), OV100% ( t = -2.78, P = 0.005), OV20% ( t = -2.60, P = 0.009), and OV9% ( t = -2.05, P = 0.04). As posterior sub capsular opacity score increased, MTF cutoff ( t = -2.40, P = 0.02) and OV100% ( t = -2.40, P = 0.01) significantly decreased, while OSI ( t = 7.56, P < 0.001) significantly increased. Conclusions::In healthy Chinese adult population, optical quality-related parameters significantly decrease with the increasing age, and OSI significantly increases with age. In normal BCVA subjects, optical quality is significantly impacted by cortical and posterior sub capsular opacity rather than by nuclear opacity.

Traditional silicon-based photodetectors are limited by the band gap of silicon, which results in a limited working wavelength range. In this report, due to the excellent properties of Indium Antimonide, the InSb/Si heterojunction photodetectors are fabricated. Under ambient temperature of 280K, as-prepared photodetectors show a specific detectivity of 9.31011 cm Hz1/2/W, responsivity of 54 mA/W, on/off ratio of 5104 under the laser irradiation of 635 nm. In order to explore the influence of working temperature on device performance, the photoresponse at different temperatures was tested. This report proved that as the working temperature increases, the responsivity and specific detectivity of the device decrease, and the performance of the device becomes worse.

Background: The patented bubble electrospinning, which is a simple and effective technique for mass-production of polymer nanofibers, has been studying extensively, but it is still under development. In the bubble electrospinning, multiple jets move from the positive electrode to the receptor, a long distance between the two electrodes is needed to guarantee complete solvent evaporation, as a result a relative high voltage is needed. Objective: The aim of the present study is to use an auxiliary electrode and an auxiliary air flow to improve bubble electrospinning with lower voltage and higher output than those by its traditional one. Methods: The modification of the bubble electrospinning with an auxiliary electrode and an auxiliary airflow is used to fabricate nanofibers. The auxiliary electrode is close to the positive electrode. The experiment was carried out at room temperature with 8%PVA solution. The result was analyzed with a S4800 cold field scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi S-4800, Tokyo, Japan). Results: The auxiliary electrode can generate a strong induced electric field force. With the action of airflow, the jets will fly to the receptor instead of the auxiliary electrode. Conclusion: Both auxiliary electrode and auxiliary airflow are two important factors affecting the spinning process. It can reduce the spinning voltage and improve spinning efficiency.

To evaluate intravitreal conbercept injection for treatment of macular oedema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in Chinese patients during 1-year follow-up in the real-world setting. Twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients with macular oedema associated with CRVO were retrospectively reviewed. The eyes received monthly intravitreal conbercept injection (0.5 mg in 50 µl) for 3 months. From then on, the patients were followed up every month and received injection pro re nata (PRN) up to 12 months. The primary outcome measurements included changes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to month 3 and month 12. Other outcome measurements included proportion of patients gaining ≥15 letters in BCVA at month 3 and 12, the mean number of injections and safety concerns. The mean BCVA gain from baseline was 12.7 ± 7.6 letters at month 3 and 14.8 ± 9.6 letters at month 12. The mean CRT reduction from baseline was 374.5 ± 280.7 μm at month 3 and 428.2 ± 241.3 μm at month 12. The proportion of patients who gained ≥15 letters in BCVA was 45.1% at month 3 and 52.9% at month 12. The mean number of injections was 7.6 ± 1.5. No severe local and systemic complications occurred following injection. Intravitreal conbercept injection by three monthly loading doses followed by PRN treatment regimen was safe and efficacious for patients with macular oedema secondary to CRVO through 1-year follow-up.

Background: As a noninvasive respiratory support mode, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is widely used in preterm infants at neonatal care units. HFNC is often used as an alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for initial or post-extubation respiratory support. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of HFNC and NCPAP for respiratory support in preterm infants. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, Controlled-trials.com, Google Scholar, VIP, and Wang Fang for articles from their inception to December 2018. All published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating and comparing the effects of HFNC and NCPAP therapy for primary respiratory support in newborns were included. All meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3. Results: In total, 21 RCTs involving 2886 preterm infants were included. The results of the meta-analysis revealed the following: (1) for primary respiratory support, the rates of treatment failure at trial entry were similar between HFNC and CPAP (relative risk 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.79–1.33), and HFNC had reduced nasal trauma (p < .00001); and (2) for respiratory support after extubation, CPAP was associated with a lower likelihood of treatment failure than HFNC (relative risk 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.50). The incidences of nasal trauma and pneumothorax in the HFNC group were significantly lower than that in the CPAP group (p < .0001 and p = .03). Serious adverse events did not significantly differ. Conclusions: HFNC had effects similar to those of CPAP regarding the failure of initial respiratory support in premature infants and was associated with reduced nasal trauma compared to CPAP. Following extubation, CPAP had fewer treatment failures than HFNC, but CPAP had a significantly increased rate of nasal trauma and pneumothorax. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential benefits of HFNC as primary respiratory support in extremely low birth weight or extremely preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hemorrhage is a potentially fatal event especially for preterm infants, which can lead to serious complications and even death. Many risk factors have been associated with the development of massive pulmonary hemorrhage. However, there is still no effective strategy to prevent massive pulmonary hemorrhage. The purpose of this study is to explore prediction model and survival strategies for massive pulmonary hemorrhage in premature infants. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we included all premature infants with birth weight

Background By reporting clinical characteristics and retinal image quality before and after refractive lens replacement surgery in early-onset high myopia (eoHM) patients presenting with partial cataract, we emphasized the need for an objective way to grade the severity of partial cataracts. Methods This retrospective, consecutive case series included six Chinese patients (nine eyes). Analysis of previous medical records, visual acuity, optometry, and axial length (AXL) before surgery and 2–4 years after surgery was performed. Retinal image quality was measured by the Optical Quality Analysis System and recorded as modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTFcutoff) and objective scatter index (OSI) at the same time point. Results Five females and one male (nine eyes) with a mean (± SD) age of 11.6 ± 7.9 years were included in this study. The preoperative spherical power ranged from − 7.5 D to -42 D. The mean follow-up time was 36 (36–36) months (range: 24–48 months). Phacoemulsification was followed by in-the-bag implantation of intraocular lens. For younger patients who could not cooperate with postoperative laser capsulotomy, posterior capsulotomy + anterior vitrectomy were performed simultaneously. All surgeries were uneventful and no postoperative complications occurred during the entire follow-up period. Four eyes underwent YAG-laser capsulotomies at 12–18 months postoperatively. Initial spherical correction (treatment achieved) averaged 18.25 ± 11.15 D (range: 7.75-44 D). All patients’ uncorrected visual acuity improved by ≥ 2 lines postoperatively. LogMAR BCVA was significantly improved at 24-month (95%CI: 0.015–0.878, p = 0.042) and endpoint (95%CI: 0.008–0.909, p = 0.046) follow-ups. MTFcutoff and OSI was significantly improved at 12-month (p = 0.025, p = 0.038), 24-month (p = 0.005, p = 0.007) and endpoint (p = 0.005, p = 0.008) follow-ups. Postoperative AXL remained stable during 2–4 year follow-ups compared to the pre-operative value (p༞0.05). Eight eyes (0.89%) exhibited myopia shift (~-0.5 D/year except for case 3), whereas case 5 (age 25) showed hyperopic change. Conclusion Refractive lens replacement surgery is safe and effective for improving functional vision in eoHM patients presenting with partial cataract. Retinal image quality could provide a useful and objective way to facilitate partial cataract severity evaluation and surgery decision making.

BackgroundThe incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of newborns, has been paradoxically rising despite medical advances. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been reported to be a crucial regulator in alveologenesis. Hence, this study aims to investigate the mechanism of HDAC3 in the pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD.MethodsA hyperoxia-induced mouse model of BPD was constructed. The mean liner intercept (MLI) and alveolar volume were measured to evaluate the alveolarization in BPD mice. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect the microvessel density (MVD) of lung tissues. Next, the expression of HDAC3 and its enrichment in the promoter region of microRNA (miR)-17-92 cluster, as well as the enrichment of p65 in the placental growth factor (Pgf) promoter region were detected by Western blot analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. The effect of HDAC3 and p65 on the activity of miR-17-92 promoter and Pgf promoter were examined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, respectively. Finally, the role of HDAC3 in angiogenesis and alveolarization through miR-17 regulated EZH1-p65-Pgf axis was validated in BPD mouse models.ResultsHDAC3 was involved in the regulation of alveolarization and angiogenesis in BPD. Results demonstrated that the expression of the miR-17-92 cluster in BPD was regulated by HDAC3. miR-17 was related to the regulatory role of HDAC3 in regulating EZH1 expression and in lung fibroblasts of BPD. Besides, results showed that EZH1 could promote Pgf expression by recruiting p65 to regulate BPD. HDAC3 regulated the expression of EZH1 through miR-17 to promote the recruitment of p65 in the Pgf promoter region, thus enhancing the transcription and expression of Pgf. HDAC3 was demonstrated to regulate Pgf through the miR-17-EZH1-p65 axis to mediate angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice.ConclusionAltogether, the present study revealed that HDAC3 could regulate the EZH1-p65-Pgf axis through miR-17 in the miR-17-92 cluster in the pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization of BPD mice.

In recent years, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pulmonary diseases have been widely studied and researched. However, the molecular mechanism by which miR-214 affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains elusive and merits further exploration. Hence, this study aims to clarify the function of miR-214 in pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization in preterm infants with BPD. BPD neonatal rat model was induced by hyperoxia, and pulmonary epithelial cells were isolated from rats and exposed to hyperoxia. Gain- or loss-of-function experiments were performed in BPD neonatal rats and hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells. MiR-214 and PlGF expression in BPD neonatal rats, and eNOS, Bcl-2, c-myc, Survivin, α-SMA and E-cadherin expression in hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells were detected using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The interaction between PlGF and miR-214 was identified using dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay. ELISA was adopted to assess IL-1β, TNF-a, IL-6, ICAM-1 and Flt-1 expression in rats. Decreased miR-214 expression and elevated PlGF expression were evident in the lung tissues of neonatal rats with BPD. PlGF was a target of miR-214, and miR-214 downregulated PlGF to inactivate the STAT3 signaling pathway. miR-214 overexpression or PlGF silencing decreased apoptosis of hyperoxic pulmonary epithelial cells and declined pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization in BPD neonatal rats. Collectively, miR-214 can protects against pulmonary angiogenesis and alveolarization in preterm infants with BPD by suppressing PlGF and blocking STAT3 signaling pathway.

By the localization and recognition of human moving target in video image, combined with the information of human motion feature in video image, the moving target localization and visual reconstruction is realized, this paper analyzes the feature quantity of moving objects in video image, improves the training level, and proposes a moving objects positioning technology of video image based on computer vision and 3D feature point reconstruction. According to the moving feature position of human body, the 3D information modeling and image acquisition of moving target is carried out by using video information acquisition and spatial feature scanning methods. The moving feature points of the collected moving target video image are calibrated and arranged, and the 3D edge outlines feature point set of human skeleton is extracted and represented as a high dimensional vector to form the regular feature database of moving target video image. The moving points in the regular feature database of moving target video image are fusion to realize the reconstruction of moving target video image and the location of moving target. The simulation results show that the method has good real-time and accuracy in moving target location of video image, has strong ability of 3D marking of human moving points, and has high accuracy of extracting moving motion features.

In order to improve the effective ability of sports, it is necessary to carry out sports timing training, construct the wireless communication network of sports timing training, and propose a sports timing training method based on wireless communication. A training model of motion timing in wireless communication network based on spatial interval equilibrium regulation and piecewise load distribution is constructed. The wireless communication transmission channel model of motion timing training is constructed, the channel adaptive equilibrium allocation of motion timing training in wireless communication network is carried out by using spatial equilibrium scheduling method, the orthogonal matching signal tracking model of motion timing training is established. Combined with the load block equilibrium allocation method of multiplex motion timing training, the optimal allocation of motion timing training is carried out. the effectiveness of motion timing training information transmission in wireless communication network is characterized by the number of endpoint paths, and the anti-interference ability of communication is improved by combining the interference suppression method of training environment. The simulation results show that the output quality of motion timing training in wireless communication network is high and the bit error rate (BER) is low, which improves the balanced distribution ability of motion timing training load in wireless communication network.

According to the actual teaching situation, the mode of mentor-apprentice was built by School of Materials and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University to improve the quality of undergraduates majoring materials chemistry. It was found that this mode not only can effectively solve the problem of the disconnection between theoretical teaching and practical teaching, and promotes students' spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship, but also is beneficial to students' employment and postgraduate entrance examination. Accordingly, the mode of mentor-apprentice is worthy of the study and improvement of teaching staff.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the value of the ultrasound-related scoring system on pregnant patients receiving assisted reproductive technology (IVF/ICSI) and early pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: This prospective study included 208 pregnant women receiving assisted reproductive technology (IVF/ICSI). The following ultrasound parameters were measured: gestational sac size, the proportion of the embryo and gestational sac (embryo/gestational sac), yolk sac size, and fetal cardiac activity. The above data were assigned according to the ongoing pregnancy rate (up to 14 weeks), and the score increased parallel to the pregnancy rate. All patients were grouped according to their scores. Results: Patients with a score of 4–5 had a low ongoing pregnancy rate of 14.29%, while patients with a score of 6–7 had an ongoing pregnancy rate of 55.56%. Surprisingly, patients with a score of 8–9 had an ongoing pregnancy rate of 97.22%. In addition, it was found that the ongoing pregnancy rate was 100% (36/36) in patients with a score of 9. Conversely, there was no ongoing pregnancy in patients with a score of 4. Conclusion: First, this scoring system is strongly associated with an ongoing pregnancy of over 14 weeks. Second, some reassurance can be given to patients with favorable ultrasound parameters, regardless of maternal age or previous pregnancy loss. Third, it would be meaningless to continue the pregnancy in patients with a score of 4, according to the scoring system. Fourth, patients without cardiac activity and embryos at days 33–35 after embryo transfer should discontinue the pregnancy, while patients with embryos should proceed with the pregnancy. Keywords: Gestational sac, Embryo/gestational sac, Yolk sac, Fetal cardiac activity, Ongoing pregnancy

Background Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV), a relatively new modality, is gaining popularity despite scarce evidence. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nHFOV as respiratory support in premature infants. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception of the database to January 2019. All published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of nHFOV therapy with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or biphasic nCPAP (BP-CPAP) in newborns for respiratory support were included. All meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3. Results A total of 8 RCTs involving 463 patients were included. The meta-analysis estimated a lower risk of intubation (relative risk = 0.50, 95% confidence interval of 0.36 to 0.70) and more effective clearance of carbon dioxide (weighted mean difference = − 4.61, 95% confidence interval of − 7.94 to − 1.28) in the nHFOV group than in the nCPAP/BP-CPAP group. Conclusions Our meta-analysis of RCTs suggests that nHFOV, as respiratory support in preterm infants, significantly remove carbon dioxide and reduce the risk of intubation compared with nCPAP/BP-CPAP. The appropriate parameter settings for different types of noninvasive high-frequency ventilators, the effect of nHFOV in extremely preterm infants, and the long-term safety of nHFOV need to be assessed in large trials.

// Peipei Lou 1, * , Chunlian Li 1, * , Liang Shi 1, * , Tian-Song Xia 1 , Wenbin Zhou 1 , Jing Wu 1 , Xujie Zhou 1 , Xiaoxia Li 1 , Ying Wang 1 , Ji-Fu Wei 2 , Qiang Ding 1 1 Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000, China 2 Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Ji-Fu Wei, email: weijifu@hotmail.com Qiang Ding, email: dingqiang@njmu.edu.cn Keywords: progesterone receptor, RNPC1, mRNA stability, breast cancer, proliferation Received: January 04, 2016 Accepted: July 26, 2016 Published: September 14, 2016 ABSTRACT Progesterone receptor (PR) could activate transcriptional process involved in normal mammary gland proliferation and breast cancer development. Moreover, PR expression is an important marker of luminal breast cancer, which is associated with good prognosis and indicates better responding to endocrine therapies. The regulation of PR expression was studied mainly on its post-translational levels. In this study, we found PR was positively regulated by RNA-binding region-containing protein 1 (RNPC1), a RNA-binding protein, in PR positive breast cancer. Overexpression of RNPC1 increased, whereas knockdown of RNPC1 decreased, the level of PR protein and transcripts. Additionally, we demonstrated that RNPC1 could bind to PR mRNA via AU-rich elements (AREs) within PR 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) and then enhance PR mRNA stability. Moreover, we proved that progesterone-dependent PR functions which could induce breast cancer proliferation were enhanced by RNPC1, both in vitro and in vivo . Conclusively, we revealed a novel mechanism by which PR could be regulated by RNPC1 via stabilizing its mRNA.

To investigate the influence of daily activities on myopic refractive change and myopic onset in Chinese urban students. The Beijing Myopia Progression Study was a 3-year cohort study. Cycloplegic refraction and a daily activity questionnaire were assessed at baseline and at follow-up examinations. Refractive change was defined as the difference in cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) between the final follow-up and baseline. 386 students were initially enrolled in the baseline study. At the final follow-up, 222 students (57.5 %) with completed refractive error and daily activity data were analyzed. These students spent 0.32 ± 2.33 h/day more on near work (p = 0.04), and 0.21 ± 1.31 h/day less on outdoor leisure (p = 0.02), than they did at baseline. In the multivariate analysis, the younger among the secondary students (β = 0.06, p

Objective To observe the protective effect of fasudil hydrochloride against acute renal injury in septicopyemia rats. Methods A total of 60 Wister rats were included in the study and divided into control group (n = 10), model group (n = 25) and treatment group (n = 25). Model group and treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (ET) to establish acute renal injury models while the control group only received daily intraperitoneal injection of normal saline 1 mL. Five rats were taken out of model group and treatment group respectively at 1 h (T1), 6 h (T2), 12 h (T3), 24 h (T4) and 48 h (T5), for intraperitoneal injection of ET 30 mg/kg. Treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of fasudil hydrochloride 30 mg/kg 1 h before injection of ET. For three groups, 5 mL blood samples were collected from postcava for determination of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels at different time points. Concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor α and ET-1 were determined by using ELISA. The renal pathologic changes were observed under the microscope. Results Serum creatinine levels in both model group and treatment group were significantly higher than control group at T2–T5 (P

A total of 70% of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER)α; therefore, targeting the ER may be an effective endocrine therapy with which to inhibit breast cancer growth. Tamoxifen is the most common‑used clinically used drug for the treatment of advanced or metastatic ER‑positive (ER+) breast cancer. However, a substantial proportion of patients become resistant to endocrine therapies. To overcome this limitation, in this stud, we sought to maximize the benefits associated with tamoxifen therapy via drug combination strategies. We demonstrated that rapamycin, an FDA‑approved mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, enhanced the effects of endocrine therapy with tamoxifen, and the concentration of tamoxifen required for ER+ breast cancer cell growth inhibition was substantially reduced. Moreover, treatment with rapamycin plus tamoxifen significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. In addition, this synergistic effect may be mediated by the induction of p73. We revealed a novel mechanism in which p73 increases ERα expression by directly binding to the promoter region of the ERα gene. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that combination therapy with rapamycin and tamoxifen underlying p73‑mediated ERα expression may provide new insight into the drug combination for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer.

We investigated the effects of perioperative blood transfusion in the prognosis of hereditary and sporadic colon cancer. There are 1075 colon cancer patients, including 936 sporadic colon cancer and 139 with hereditary colon cancer undergoing surgery at our hospital. All patients underwent 10 years of follow-up. In the sporadic group, mortality, local recurrence rate and distant metastases rate of transfused patients were significantly higher than non-transfused patients. The 10-year survival rates were significantly lower in patients receiving blood transfusions compared to non-transfused patients. In the hereditary group, mortality was higher in transfused patients compared to non-transfused patients.

Purpose We once reported blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) in confined space. Here, bTBI was studied again on goats in the open air using 3.0 kg trinitrotoluene. Methods The goats were placed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 m far from explosion center. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) was used as the source of the blast wave and the pressure at each distance was recorded. The systemic physiology, electroencephalogram, serum level of S-100beta, and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were determined pre and post the exposure. Neuroanatomy and neuropathology were observed 4 h after the exposure. Results Simple blast waveforms were recorded with parameters of 702.8 kPa-0.442 ms, 148.4 kPa-2.503 ms, 73.9 kPa-3.233 ms, and 41.9 kPa-5.898 ms at 2, 4, 6 and 8 m respectively. Encephalic blast overpressure was on the first time recorded in the literature by us at 104.2 kPa-0.60 ms at 2 m, where mortality and burn rate were 44% and 44%. Gross examination showed that bTBI was mainly manifested as congestive expansion of blood vessels and subarachnoid hemorrhage, which had a total incidence of 25% and 19% in 36 goats. Microscopical observation found that the main pathohistological changes were enlarged perivascular space (21/36, 58%), small hemorrhages (9/36, 25%), vascular dilatation and congestion (8/36, 22%), and less subarachnoid hemorrhage (2/36, 6%). After explosion, serum levels of S-100β and NSE were elevated, and EEG changed into slow frequency with declined amplitude. The results indicated that severity and incidence of bTBI is related to the intensity of blast overpressure. Conclusion Blast wave can pass through the skull to directly injure brain tissue.

The goal of the present study is to explore the physiological effects of injected human immunoglobulin on patients with severe bronchiolitis before and after treatment. 86 young children with severe bronchiolitis were randomly divided into the observation group (43 cases) and the treatment group (43 cases). On the basis of conventional therapy, the children in the treatment group were given human immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg, 1–3 times) via intravenous injection. 60 healthy young children, as determined by a physical examination given at the Zhumadian Central Hospital, were enrolled as the control group. The T lymphocytes, cytokines, IgA, IgG, and IgM immunoglobulins in the peripheral blood of all 3 groups were measured. The clinical efficacy of the immunoglobulins to mitigate the effects of bronchiolitis and the amount of time for the reduction of symptoms to occur were observed. The serum Ca, Fe, and Zn levels of children with severe bronchiolitis were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group (p < 0.05). As such, the CD8, IgA, IgG, IgM and IFN-γ levels were also significantly lower in the children with severe bronchiolitis than in the children in the healthy control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the CD4, IgE, IL-4, and IL-4/IFN-γ levels and CD4/CD8 ratio were dramatically higher than in the healthy control group (p < 0.05). Serum levels of the aforementioned indicators either increased or decreased after IVIG treatment. The amount of time required for coughing, wheezing, and pulmonary rales to seize, and the duration of illness for the children with the severe bronchiolitis children was significantly shorter for those in the treatment group than for those in the observation group. Human immunoglobulin via intravenous injection showed active therapeutical effects on trace elements, T lymphocytes, and cytokines in patients with severe bronchiolitis.

The breakage and particle size redistributions in an ultrasound-intensified leaching process were explored experimentally and analyzed statistically. It was found that particle size distributions (PSDs) of this atomic crystal silica may be changed to a certain extent by ultrasound, but the width of PSD cannot be altered under the conditions considered. Chemical reactions played an important reciprocal causality to the breakage and the particle size redistributions, and the contribution was about a half on the mean particle size. The most severe breakup happened at the maximum volume percentage of PSD rather than in the region of the largest particle size end. The ability of conventional stirring to break the silica particles may be larger as expected when the same power was used. The morphology of the silica particles verified that the change before and after leaching is small.

To explore the preventive effect of aspirin on the cardiovascular complications in prostate cancer after endocrinotherapy.A total of 92 patients with prostate cancer were divided into observation group (n=44) and control group (n=48). The control group was treated with medical castration plus anti-androgenic drugs. Based on the above treatment, the observation group was added aspirin. The follow-up duration was 2 years. The changes of partial prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet aggregation rate (PAG), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and serum testosterone (T) before and after treatment as well as incidence of cardiovascular disease were observed.The 2-year survival rates of patients without cardiovascular disease in observation group and control group were 95.45% (42/44) and 72.92% (35/48), respectively, and significant difference was presented between two groups by comparison to the survival rates (χ2=8.5453, p=0.0035). There was no statistical significance between two groups as well as before and after treatment regarding PT (p0.05). After treatment, APTT went down and PAG was gradually on the rise in control group, while PAG down and APTT on the rise increasingly in observation group. Significant differences were presented between two groups as well as before and after treatment (p0.01). Both PSA and T levels were decreased significantly in two groups after treatment (p0.01), but there was no statistical significant between two groups (p0.05).Application of endocrinotherapy in prostate cancer can easily lead to occurrence of cardiovascular disease, but cardiovascular complications can be prevented by aspirin, without affecting the effect of endocrinotherapy.

With the rapid development of economy and a large number of energy consumption, the countries all over the world are faced with the depletion of fossil energy resources. Meanwhile, a large number of fossil energy extraction cause geological disasters frequently and the greenhouse effect, which lead to global warming, acid rain and other serious environmental problems. As a representative of the biomass energy, crop straws have advantages of wide distribution, large amount, low price and cleaning, which will be an ideal choice in the future. But it is hard to be efficiently used because of the special structure of crop straws. Through fermentation engineering and gene engineering, people can greatly improve the efficiency of utilization of crop straws, which offers a very promising way to make a breakthrough for energy consumption.

The equipment manufacturing industry accelerate the pace of development in Shaanxi province in recent years, and industrial scale jumped significantly boosted the regional industry economy. This paper calculated the industrial influence coefficient and the sensitivity coefficient of the equipment manufacturing industry, and analyzed the current situation and development trend of industry association in equipment manufacturing industry in Shaanxi province based on the table from 1997 to 2007 of Shaanxi province and 2007 input-output table of China. The results show that Shaanxi Province ripple effect equipment manufacturing industry decline, and there is disparities between Shaanxi Province and the national development level in the 27 industrial sectors. Shaanxi Province equipment manufacturing industry level has much room to improve.

This study evaluates patients with congenital aniridia and cataract who underwent phacoemulsification, capsular tension ring placement, and foldable intraocular lens implantation. In this prospective case series, 10 patients (17 eyes) underwent cataract surgery via a 3.2 mm clear corneal incision. A continuous circular capsulorhexis with

Exhaust system is the most important infrared radiation source of a long-endurance UAV and the shape of the nozzle contribute to the infrared radiation characteristics of exhaust system. This paper built a 2-D nozzle and use ANSYS14.5 simulated the temperature filed of the plume. And then, spectral infrared radiation characteristics of the plume were obtained by the single band C-G approximation method. Finally, the infrared radiation intensity distribution of the exhaust system of the 2-D nozzle in different planes is obtained. The results show: The infrared radiation of the plume in wide side detection surface is far greater than the narrow side; The infrared radiation of the nozzle in wide side detection surface is smaller than the narrow side; The infrared radiation of the exhaust system in wide side detection surface is smaller than the narrow side. The results maybe contribute to the further study of the infrared radiation characteristics of the long-endurance UAV.

The aim of this study is to investigate the remission rate of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China and identify its potential determinants. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2009 to January 2012. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews of the rheumatology outpatients in 28 tertiary hospitals in China. The remission rates were calculated in 486 RA patients according to different definitions of remission: the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28), the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) Boolean definition. Potential determinants of RA remission were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The remission rates of RA from this multi-center cohort were 8.6 % (DAS28), 8.4 % (SDAI), 8.2 % (CDAI), and 6.8 % (Boolean), respectively. Favorable factors associated with remission were: low Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, absence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), and treatment of methotrexate (MTX) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). Younger age was also predictive for the DAS28 and the Boolean remission. Multivariate analyses revealed a low HAQ score, the absence of anti-CCP, and the treatment with HCQ as independent determinants of remission. The clinical remission rate of RA patients was low in China. A low HAQ score, the absence of anti-CCP, and HCQ were significant independent determinants for RA remission.

With the use of representative observed wind speed data for a whole year in Jiuquan field in Gansu province of Hexi Corridor ,we analysed the characteristics of ten-minutes wind speed, diurnal wind speed, monthly wind speed variation , as well as the influence of the wind power change rate in different time periods and diurnal variation in four seasons. Studies have shown that ten-minutes short-term wind turbulence characteristics was more obvious, with some randomness , but mainly exhibited typical diurnal characteristics of variation. In addition to mean state of wind conditions, there were sustained gale, short-term gale, continued small wind, regular small wind appeared. Monthly variation of wind speed is characterized by the "three peaks and three valleys" , showing the regular change that wind speed was larger in spring and summer , and it was smaller in autumn and winter. Daily fluctuation of wind electricity generation in four seasons presented similar trends, it was a peak-valley feature, valley generally appeared between 9-11 a.m., the peak occurred between 5-7 p.m..Wind power got larger between 1 and 11 p.m., this period was the peak electricity needed, wind power added can significantly ease the power grid pressure and will has significant positive effect for the power grid control. Ten-minute power variation was relatively stable, with the time interval increased, variation in electricity generation of one day rate increased gradually.

The electrically controlled birefringence of nematic liquid crystal BL-009 was measured by polarized interference method. The influence of LC absorption effect, the birefringence variation, is discussed in this paper. The experiments results showed the influence to birefringence is big in infrared region. Not only the birefringence value is greatly different with that of unconsidering absorption effect, but also the gradient changing of birefringence curves is obvious. Furthermore, the electrically controlled birefringences of two conditions are compared when the absorption coefficients of ordinary light and the extraordinary light are nearly same and greatly different. The analysis demonstrated the approximate method of absorption coefficient is feasible.

The traction characteristics of lubricant is one of the important parameters of the dynamic performance of bearings design .This paper chose three significant factors affecting the traction coefficient：temperature、load and rotate speed. Test results showed that the traction coefficient under the high load is significantly higher than under low load from room temperature to 135 °C. After more than 135 °C, the traction coefficient under the low load is higher than under the high load. It illustrated that the grease was sensitive to temperature but it reflected high temperature stable performance.The optimum conditions were obtained by Design-Expert software optimization : temperature for 235°C、load for 2800.00N、rotate speed for 183.17r/min and in this time the traction coefficient is at 0.547 in this test. It shown that the grease fitted the low speed and heavy load equipment.

In the present study, the patterns of phase synchronization in an acupuncturing task were investigated. Neiguan (PC6) and Shenmen (HT7) are the main acupoints, they are both the main points for heart diseases and insomnia, epilepsy, mental disorder. The task was divided up into the following parts, the resting condition; needling sensation; needling with power on for 20 minutes; needling retaining and needling extraction. The index of phase synchronization in different parts was calculated and compared. Phase synchronization was increased in alpha band in many cognitive, attention tasks. These findings suggest that the transient network of coupled cortical regions maybe mediated through neural synchronization. The result in this paper shows that during electro-acupuncture about 15 minutes, the index between the available electrodes in the hindbrain, especially after electrode CP6, and all the available electrodes in the brain increased. That means phase synchronization increased between the hindbrain regions and whole brain during the electrical-acupuncture about 15 minutes. It could be an evidence of regulating both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system with stimulating these two points.

The solar optical collector based on rotary parabola mirror for solar optic fiber lighting is discussed in this paper. By this reflection method, the chromatic aberration can be avoided. The performance of solar collecting and fiber coupling are simulated by Tracepro software. The results showed this system can collecting soar lights with high efficiency and has high light concentration ratio. The solar lights can be coupled into optic fiber with low loss. An interesting results is found that the concentration ratio decreased with the increased curvature ratio between ellipsoid surface and parabola surface.

4 groupsconcrete columns specimens which have different eccentricityities were fabricated , The first specimen was just made of reinforced concrete. The second was enlaced with 3 lays carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The third had SFRCs added to it. The last was reinforced with SFRCs and enlaced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer.The results showed that the introduction of fibres as well as wrapping the specimens with FRP improve the strength of concrete,especially its ductility.

Base on a practical project, the site-test Research on s Capacity of Bonding Interface Between New and Old Concrete was carried out with three different disposal ways, which is Roughening ,slotting and planting bar. The test process and phenomenon were described, The conclusion is that Planting bar is a more effective way to improve the bearing capacity between the new and old concrete surface.

The pressure responding theoretical models are got for two intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber pressure sensors fabricated by single mode and multimode fibers with different diameters. The pressure response curves are simulated by Matlab programs. The analysis showed that the sensitivity changing situation is different for two structures. The big size structure has a critical point of sensitivity. Higher sensitivity can be got by two structures, but the small size structure is more attractive than the big size structure.

The theoretical model is got for a new intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber pressure sensor structure fabricated by single mode and multimode fibers with different diameters. The pressure response curves are simulated by Matlab software. The analysis results showed that the pressure sensitivity decreased with the diameter of multimode fiber increased at some area, but the sensitivity begins to increase when the diameter value is more than critical point. The high sensitivity can be still got by increasing fiber diameter.

This paper mainly introduces FlexRay, a high speed, real-time and high reliability bus technology, and researches network topology structure and network communication protocol of FlexRay bus. Then this paper points out that the premise of analyzing FlexRay protocol is catching the bus data transmission, and designs a data acquisition and analysis system with FreeMASTER software and Tektronix TDS3012B digital phosphor oscilloscope. In order to verify the accuracy of the software FlexRay interface design, this paper also describes the analysis and verification procedure of the timing sequence of FlexRay bus. Lastly, this paper reminds of the application prospect of this system.

Taking the patent literature in the field of the 3G mobile communication in Derwent Innovation Index (DII) as the research object, this paper utilizes CiteSpace and Σ index to conduct analysis on key technologies of technical evolution in the 3G mobile communication system. Then, the key technologies from 1994 to 2009 are separated into four periods. Next, interpretations are formulated to study these key technologies represented by Derwent manual codes. Finally, this paper illustrates the key technologies and their main evolutional paths in different periods.

This paper firstly introduces the basic information of CAN bus and the general method of CAN testing and points out that application layer protocol is hard to test. Secondly, this paper adapts the method of capturing, analyzing, constructing and sending CAN bus data packet to analyze certain oil system software interface protocol. Then, this paper proves this method can be usde to test the accuracy of the software interface and conduct the further software interface testing.At last,this paper points out the application suggest of this method.

Objective To evaluate visual outcomes and complications after phacoemulsification in eyes with cataract and previous radial keratotomy (RK) cuts using different sizes of clear corneal incisions. Methods The study was a retrospective study. Thirty eyes with cataract and previous RK underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Among them 7 eyes had 8 RK cuts, 13 eyes had 12 RK cuts, and 10 eyes had 16 RK cuts. Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were performed through a 2.0–3.2 mm clear corneal incision by a single surgeon. In the 8 RK cuts group, 3.2 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 4 eyes, and 3.0 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 3 eyes. In the 12 RK cuts group, 3.2 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 6 eyes, and 2.2 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 7 eyes. In the 16 RK cuts group, 3.2 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 5 eyes, and 2.0 mm clear corneal incisions were used in 5 eyes. Patients were followed up 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years postoperatively and were examined for the dehiscence of RK cuts during or after the surgery, post-operative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal astigmatism, corneal endothelial cell density and complications. Results Successful phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed in all eyes. No wound dehiscence was noted in any eyes with 8 or 12 RK cuts. Wound dehiscence was noted in 2 eyes with 16 RK cuts. The dehiscence of RK cuts was closed successfully by injecting an air bubble with or without viscoelastic agent into the anterior chamber at the end of surgery. During the follow-up, the cuts were well apposed in all eyes, and no new dehiscence of RK cuts was noted. At the last follow-up, mean BCVA (0.2 ± 0.18 logMAR) was better than preoperative BCVA(0.45±0.19 logMAR) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the long-term preoperative and postoperative mean corneal astigmatism (P = 0.3). However, there was a significant reduction in postoperative corneal endothelial cell density (1866.5±773.9 / mm2 vs 2421.7±655.7 / mm2) (P < 0.001). Conclusions Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation with clear corneal incisions in eyes with previous RK were associated with good surgical outcomes. Wound dehiscence was not specificaly related to the size of clear corneal incision during phacoemulsification in these eyes.

In order to lessen the worsened formability, failures and fractures occurring in the cold stamping process, the hot stamping technology was adopted in the forming of DP steel engine dumping plank. The simulation technology of finite element method was also used to forecast the forming defects in the stamping process of the DP steel engine dumping plank. In the paper, the forming limit, the influences of stamping gaps and the influences of different blank holder force on the stamping part were analyzed by using eta/DYNAFORM software. Meanwhile, the thickness changes and the materials flow conditions of the DP plank during the hot stamping process were also analyzed. Through the experimental analysis, the result of the finite element numerical simulation complied very well with that of actual production results. The research results show that duplex steel plate can meet the performance requirements of car engine dumping plank forming, which offers theory basis for the production of similar parts.

According to the similar characteristics of structure, geometry and constraints conditions in the same type of extrusion process, the intelligent design system of a square tube aluminum profile extrusion forming process was established in this paper based on the VB programming language, with using parametric programming language APDL provides by ANSYS software. The parameterized optimization design plan of pre-treatment and post-processing of ANSYS analysis during a square tube aluminum extrusion forming process was achieved, and the program of a three-dimensional model of the extrusion die under Visual Lisp environment was also programmed. The human-computer interaction intelligent design system which combined with pre-processing of semi-finished product, finite element analysis of extrusion die strength, extrusion die temperature field analysis, structural optimization of the die was realized. The research results show that the system can provide program decision-making, structural design, performance analysis and graphics treatment for the actual extrusion productions of square tube aluminum extrusion process, which reduced the design time of the technical staff, and saved design cost.

12 RC columns specimens are divided 4 groups which have different eccentricities. Each group has 4 specimens, The first specimen was just made of reinforced concrete. The second was wrapped with 3 lays CFRP. The third had steel fibres added to it. The last was reinforced with steel fibres and wrapped with CFRP.The results showed that the introduction of fibres as well as wrapping the specimens with FRP improve the strength of concrete,especially its ductility.

In order to study small size three dimensional shape processing of electro jet machining, the micro-channel principle is introduced firstly. Moreover, narrow groove processing experiment design and construction process is described, and experimental purpose is to change the cycle times to research the rule of groove width and depth. The experimental results indicate that when the width of the groove reaches a certain value, it will be stabilized and fluctuate around the value. However, with the increasing of the cycle number, groove depth increases. If cycle times are less than 7, the overall shape of the groove is a part of an approximate ellipse, otherwise it is changed but the bottom shape of the groove is still a part of an approximate ellipse.

An experimental system used for temperature measurement is designed by the K-type thermocouple thermometry to achieve a direct measurement of cutting temperature in high speed orthogonal turning. The general regularity of temperature distribution is concluded, and the corresponding influences of cutting speed and cutting depth on the maximum temperature value are discussed in detail. Experimental data and simulating results are comparative analyzed to demonstrate the feasibility and correctness of Finite Element Method (FEM) model simulation and analytical solution. The verified model of temperature field can be applied to develop an effective non-contact soft-sensing method for high speed cutting temperature.