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Objectives:The outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) provided an opportunity to undertake an online survey to study the relationships between body weight changes with changes in physical activity and lifestyle during an unusual event of forced isolation, or quarantine.Methods:We distributed an electronic questionnaire using the popular social application WeChat to adults from any province of China except Hubei Province, the epicenter of the outbreak. The questionnaire asked for demographic information, body weight, physical activity, and lifestyle factors before and during the quarantine.Results:Of 376 questionnaires returned, 339 were valid (90.2%). During the period of semi-lockdown, both females and males with BMI Conclusions:Normal weight individuals, who are not normally troubled by overweight or obesity, had less awareness of weight gain than people with a BMI ≥ 24. Under the conditions of the semi-lockdown, they tended to gain weight.

Background: Research findings based on patient-important outcomes (PIOs) provide more useful conclusions than those that are based on surrogate outcomes. It is unclear to what extent PIOs are represented in neonatal randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Objectives: We determined the proportion of PIOs in neonatal RCTs included in Cochrane Neonatal reviews. Methods: We extracted up to 5 outcomes from each RCT included in Cochrane Neonatal reviews published until January 2018, with independent determination of PIOs among authors followed by a discussion leading to a consensus. We defined PIOs as outcomes that matter to patient care, such as clinical events or physiological or laboratory parameters that are widely used to guide management. Results: Among 6,832 outcomes extracted from 1,874 RCTs included in 276 reviews, 5,349 (78.3%) were considered PIOs; 461 studies (24.5%) included 5 or more PIOs, 1,278 (68.2%) included 1–4 PIOs, while 135 (7.2%) had no PIO included. PIOs were observed more often among dichotomous than among continuous outcomes (94.9 vs. 61.5%; RR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.50–1.58), and more among subjective than among objective outcomes (95.9 vs. 76.8%; RR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.22–1.28). Newer studies were more likely to have a greater number of PIOs (adjusted OR: 1.033 [95% CI: 1.025–1.041] with each publication year). Conclusions: The large and increasing representation of PIOs over the years suggests an improving awareness by neonatal trialists of the need to incorporate important outcomes in order to justify the utilization of resources. Further research should explore the reasons for non-inclusion or non-reporting of PIOs in a small proportion of RCTs.

Suicide is an emerging, yet preventable global health issue associated with significant mortality. Identification of underlying risk factors and antecedents may inform preventive strategies and interventions. This study serves to provide an updated meta-analysis examining the extent of association of early life sexual abuse with suicide attempts. Using the keywords [early abuse OR childhood abuse OR sexual OR rape OR molest* OR violence OR trauma OR PTSD] AND [suicid* OR premature OR unnatural OR deceased OR died OR mortality], a preliminary search on the PubMed, Ovid, PsychINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases yielded 12,874 papers published in English between 1-Jan-1988 and 1-June-2017. Of these, only 47 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The 47 studies (25 cross-sectional, 14 cohort, 6 case-control and 2 twin studies) contained a total of 151,476 subjects. Random-effects meta-analysis found early life sexual abuse to be a significant risk factor for suicide attempts, compared to baseline population (pooled OR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.66 to 2.12, p 0.001). Subgroup analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies showed similar findings of increased risk as they yielded ORs of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.70 to 2.25, p 0.001) and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.37 to 1.93, p 0.001), respectively. In both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, childhood sexual abuse was consistently associated with increased risk of suicide attempts. The findings of the present study provide strong grounds for funding public policy planning and interventions to prevent sexual abuse and support its victims. Areas for future research should include preventive and treatment strategies and factors promoting resilience following childhood sexual abuse. Future research on the subject should have more robust controls and explore the differential effects of gender and intra-versus extra-familial sexual abuse.

The cryo-electron microscope (cryo-EM) is increasingly popular these years. It helps to uncover the biological structures and functions of macromolecules. In this paper, we address image denoising problem in cryo-EM. Denoising the cryo-EM images can help to distinguish different molecular conformations and improve three dimensional reconstruction resolution. We introduce the use of data-driven tight frame (DDTF) algorithm for cryo-EM image denoising. The DDTF algorithm is closely related to the dictionary learning. The advantage of DDTF algorithm is that it is computationally efficient, and can well identify the texture and shape of images without using large data samples. Experimental results on cryo-EM image denoising and conformational classification demonstrate the power of DDTF algorithm for cryo-EM image denoising and classification., 2018 IEEE Global Signal and Information Processing

This article is mainly based on the host parameters design a neural network controller, using neural networks enable from the machine's speed and torque have followed the host, so as to achieve a master-slave follow mode. And then, depending on the design parameters for simulation and operation, and puts forward the two coaxial motor control system speed concept ring adopts a master-slave control to achieve the same speed.

Government supervision in construction engineering quality (security) is the government enforcement supervision, whose seriousness, legality and authority cant live without normalization of supervision implementation content. We should ensure the standardization of supervision project and set up the standardization of supervision implementation methods, even guarantee standardization of supervision implementation result. The standardization of supervision project mainly includes supervision project category, supervisory object, all kinds of engineering entity supervise project and completion acceptance supervision etc; the standardization of supervision implementation methods mainly includes construction bodies report procedure and content, supervision information platform establishing, regulations of the random spot check and supervision tools etc; the standardization of supervision implementation result mainly includes standardization of table styles, supervision record reliability, supervision materials complete and clear, supervision results scientific dealt with and quality supervision report normative and rich etc. To ensure the validity of supervision via strict, scientific and effective supervision, it could achieve the scientific nature and purpose of government supervision procedure in construction engineering quality (security).

Government Supervision in Construction Quality Standardization is the intrinsic requirement of implement scientific supervision, which essential ends to standard surveillance behavior, improve efficiency and level of supervision and promote continuous improvement in construction engineering quality. Government supervision in construction quality standardization consists of three systems, including supervision process, decision and implement standardization. Construction of supervision process standardization and supervision decision standardization is theoretical connotation requirements of government supervision in construction quality standardization; Construction of supervision implement standardization is the inner rules of government supervision practice. supervision process standardization mainly involves three aspects: the chief of supervision, the content of supervision, the operation of supervision; supervision decision-making consists of expression standardization of supervision results, standardization of supervision decision-making and assessment standardization of performance evaluation. Supervision implement standardization consists of supervision program, supervision project, supervision mode and supervision achievements standardization.

Enhancing the guarantee of government supervision effectiveness on construction quality and intensifying the reform of supervision need continuous endeavors. Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has established the Engineering quality supervision guidance ,based on basis principles on government supervision on construction quality of Supervision Rules on Construction Quality, which sets aims to refined and modern management .It proposes some new requirements about the government supervision on construction quality ,such as clearing demands of qualities, emphases and participants; planning projects in more scientific ways; refining supervision on quality behaviors; strengthening quality supervision on project entity; controlling strictly in project final acceptance; normalizing reports and files; and informationizing the methods to supervise. It is a consecutive task to improve efficiency in government supervision on construction quality, and guarantee successive improvements in construction quality.

In order to analyze the typical target damage efficiency of high speed aerial gatling-gun in different tactical environments, an Efficiency Evaluation System of Gatling-Gun based on STAGE has been researched and developed. It can get the damage probability of the target by setting the combat environment, the technical parameters of the weapon system, the operating parameters of the typical target and other technical indexes, and reconstruct the attack process through three-dimensional simulation. The technical parameters of the weapon system can be modified so as to achieve ideal damage effect of the typical target.It can be a reference for the configuration of the weapon platforms as well as its next research and develop goals.The reliability of the simulation model has already been verified through simulation analysis of intercepting flying targets of 0-2 Mach taken in a variety of radio frequencies.

The inconsistency of the projectile's seizing-bore stroke of the large caliber gun during feeding process will lead to differences of the volume of propellant chamber and starting pressure of projectiles.It will also affect guns' muzzle velocity and firing accuracy.In order to improve the positioning accuracy of projectiles in an arm-type autoloader,first of all,high speed photography was used and only to find that there will be vibrations of projectiles in the direction of gravity.The vibrations will consume kinetic energy of the projectile and contribute to inconsistency of the retaining force.By means of analyzing the working mechanism of the rammer,the motion relationship among the parts during ramming process came to clear eventually.Then the position of the exciting source which causes vibrations of the projectile can be determined by analyzing the force situation of the rammer in the stationary state and the state of motion,and next,testing the amplitude and frequency of the position using laser displacement sensor.Finally,the improved scheme was raised to eliminate the impact of the vibration on stability of ramming.

Government supervision in construction engineering quality (security) is the government enforcement supervision, whose seriousness; legality and authority are on basis of an orderly supervision procedure. We should ensure the standardization of implementation plan for supervision early days and strengthen the standardization of implementation process in mid-term, even control the standardization of implementation results later period. To sum up, it includes handling supervision procedures strictly, choosing supervisory personnel scientifically, defining supervision scheme reasonably, informing supervision parts definitely, listening to the subject reports seriously, choosing selective examination project randomly, implementing site inspection, uploading supervision records timely, issuing treatment notice directly, completing supervision report form etc. To standard surveillance behavior via scientific and reasonable supervision procedure, it could improve the validity of monitoring and high efficiency, and achieve the scientific nature and purpose of government supervision procedure in construction engineering quality (security).

The standardization of government supervision in construction quality operation process is a driving force for the effective operation of government supervision in construction quality standardization system. It is core foundation is programming of supervisory operation process; the operating conditions is legislation of supervision conduction process; the basic mode is randomization of circuit supervision; the effective platform is information of means of supervision; the operating mechanism is dynamism of supervisory operation and management; and its substantial requirements is standardization of inner formation process of supervision dates

Standardization of government supervision process in construction quality is composed of standardization of the subjects of supervision, standardization of the content of supervision and standardization of the operation of supervision together. The essential of the subjects of supervision standardization to regulate quality supervisor in government, including six aspects such as specialize the supervision businesses, rationalize the supervision tasks, team ship supervision implement, crystallize the surveillance responsibility, the professionalization of qualification of the supervisor, and regular the training of supervision businesses; standardization of the content of supervision is core factor to operate the standardized system of government supervision in construction quality, including six aspects such as normalize the content of supervision work, systematize the key point of supervision work, unitize the form of supervision record, standard the system of supervision work, self-discipline of supervision behavior and legalize the supervision procedure

Standardization system of government supervision organizations for construction quality is standardized work procedures, standardized code of conduct and standardized system based on normalized working behavior, working process, working content, decision-making procedures, implementation measures and work results of government supervisory organizations for construction quality. Standardization system of supervision and decision-making is an important way to make government supervisory organizations for construction quality scientific, effective and authoritative. Not only does it require standardization of supervision decision, it also needs standardization of its support system and results form, videlicet, the expression standardization of supervision results and assessment standardization of performance evaluation. The essence of the expression standardization of supervision results is standardization of supervision files, unification of supervision and inspection forms, modeling of supervision information processing and sharing, formatted supervision report form and standardized of supervision conclusion expression; assessment standardization of performance evaluation includes comprehensive of performance evaluation on supervision, science of management evaluation on supervision market and dynamic of latter appraised on supervision project.

Improve the efficiency and scientific of government supervision working in construction quality is an essential for enhancing its effectiveness, government supervision in construction quality standardization is effective measures for improving supervision. The paper analysis the purpose carries out government supervision in construction quality standardization from two perspectives, including the chief part of supervision and the operation of supervision; and dissects a significance of building government supervision in construction quality standardization system from six aspects, including change the way of supervision, supervision development and revolution, improve supervision efficiency, mend supervision means, distinguish nature of supervision responsibility and the code of conduct of supervision. Based on internal demand and operating characteristics of government supervision in construction quality, constructing two systems which include supervision process and decision standardization; and decomposes the structure and interactive relationship between the systems. Realize government supervision effectively in construction quality through standardization.

Suture fixation is mostly used in arthroscopic treatment of tibial eminence avulsion fractures. However, no clinical studies of metal cable fixation have been reported. We hypothesised that cable fixation can provide equal stability and clinical outcome compared with Ethibond sutures. Between 2007 and 2008, we treated 42 patients of adult type III tibial eminence avulsion fractures. Twenty-three patients were male, and 19 were female. All patients were confirmed by radiographs, MRI, and arthroscopy during surgery. Ligament injury and meniscus tears were excluded from this study. Twenty-two patients were treated with No. 2 Ethibond suture fixation (group I), and 20 were treated with cable fixation under arthroscopy (group II). Follow-up assessments included imaging evaluation, Lysholm knee score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) classification, and the Lachman test. Bone union was found in radiographic evaluation in all patients within 3 months. At the last follow-up, there was neither extension nor flexion limitation in any patient. There were no significant differences in the Lysholm score between the two groups at follow-up. All 42 patients were classified by the IKDC as normal or nearly normal. Stability based on the Lachman test showed two patients of grade II laxity in group I. At the final follow-up, all 42 patients had returned to their pre-injury activities. Cable fixation to treat type III tibial eminence avulsion fracture can provide a clinical outcome equal to that of Ethibond sutures. IV.

In this paper, a designing method of USB-GPIB controller is introduced in detail, the hardware structure and principle are expounded. By using upD7210 which is a GPIB interface chip and CY7C68013A which is a USB interface controller, the GPIB bus controller with USB interface is designed. With the corresponding driver, an automatic test system is established to realize automatic control by GPIB bus. The USB-GPIB controller has been provided with small size, high speed, and low cost advantages.

Simulation signal source is applied to simulate sonar target signals in performance testing and guarantee maintenance of the torpedo. In this paper, the working principle of a simulation signal source for torpedo testing is described. USB bus communication interface and method of hardware designing are discussed in detail, and finally the software design of simulated signal source is analyzed. Experiments show that the simulation signal source can achieve a variety of signal modulation, superimposed, arbitrary waveform signals, meeting the need of the torpedo test.

To optimize cantilevered piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters according to the characters of the environmental vibration and the electrical loads,a differential equation of motion and the boundary conditions for a cantilevered piezoelectric vibration energy harvester were established in consideration of the position difference between the center of proof mass and the free end of cantilever.A uniform coupled circuit equation applicable to the harvesters with one piezoelectric layer,two series connected piezoelectric layers and two parallel connected piezoelectric layers was developed by introducing several constants,and the expressions of the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes were obtained.Furthermore,the closed-form expressions of the output voltages were derived for harmonic base accelerometer excitations and arbitrary base accelerometer excitations.Experimental results indicate that the relative errors of the natural frequency expression and the output voltage expression are smaller than 10% and 20% respectively for three harvester prototypes,which shows that the model satisfies the requirements of optimizing harvesters.

In this paper, we apply the Weyl transform to represent the vocalization of marine mammals. In contrast to other popular representation methods, such as the MFCC and the Chirplet transform, the Weyl transform captures the global information of signals. This is especially useful when the signal has low order polynomial phase. We can reconstruct the signal from the coefficients obtained from the Weyl transform, and perform classification based on these coefficients. Experimental results show that classification using features extracted from the Weyl transform outperforms the MFCC and the Chirplet transform on our collected whales data.

A new technique for wall conditioning that will be especially useful for future larger superconducting tokamaks, such as ITER, has been successfully developed and encouraging results have been obtained. Solid carborane powder, which is non-toxic and non-explosive, was used. Pulsed RF plasma was produced by a non-Faraday shielding RF antenna with RF power of 10 kW. The ion temperature was about 2 keV with a toroidal magnetic field of 1.8 T and a pressure of 3 × 10-1 Pa. Energetic ions broke up the carborane molecules, and the resulting boron ions struck and were deposited on the first wall. In comparison with glow discharge cleaning boronization, the B/C coating film shows higher adhesion, more uniformity and longer lifetime during plasma discharges. The plasma performance was improved after ICRF boronization.

Standardization of government supervision business decisions for construction quality is the core of scientific and effective operation of the standardization system of supervision decision-making which is in record to standardization of performance evaluation and assessment. The expression form of supervision business decisions standardization requires expression standardization of supervision results. The nature that the decision is based on should be legalized; the process of performing decisions should be scientific; the evaluation that decisions sustain should be generalized; the decisions of completion for the records sparkplug comprehensive; the form of evaluation and decision-making should be standardized.

We introduced the use of modified DCTNet for audio signals feature extraction. The modified DCTNet is a development of DCTNet, with its center frequencies of filterbanks geometrically spaced. The modified DCTNet is adaptive to different acoustic scales, and it can better capture low frequency acoustic information that is sensitive to human audio perception. We use features extracted by the modified DCTNet and put them to classifiers. Experimental results on bird song classification, music genre classification, and artist identification show that the modified DCTNet and RNN improve classification rate, and achieve state of the art performance.

This paper investigates damping optimization design of variable-stiffness composite laminated plate, which means fibre paths can be continuously curved and fibre angles are distinct for different regions. First, damping prediction model is developed based on modal dissipative energy principle and verified by comparing with modal testing results. Then, instead of fibre angles, the element stiffness and damping matrixes are translated to be design variables on the basis of novel Discrete Material Optimization (DMO) formulation, thus reducing the computation time greatly. Finally, the modal damping capacity of arbitrary order is optimized using MMA (Method of Moving Asymptotes) method. Meanwhile, mode tracking technique is employed to investigate the variation of modal shape. The convergent performance of interpolation function, first order specific damping capacity (SDC) optimization results and variation of modal shape in different penalty factor are discussed. The results show that the damping properties of the variable-stiffness plate can be increased by 50%-70% after optimization.

Transportation is one of major sources of carbon emissions, and the study of relationship between carbon emissions and transportation is the hot topic in current. By improving the method to calculate carbon dioxide from IPCC, projected carbon dioxide emissions from China's railway transport during the period of 1998–2008, then use Tapio decoupling indicators to empirical analysis between turnover of railway transport in China and carbon dioxide emissions, come to that China's railway transport and CO 2 emissions have a strong negative decoupling, Rail transport growth highly than carbon dioxide emissions growth, indicating that the emission reduction achieved initial success. But the current situation about energy conservation that our country facing is still not optimistic, this paper analyzes the structure of energy consumption of rail transport, put forward some recommendations to the railway transport of low-carbon development aimed at provide some help to the development of rail transport, as well as the development of low carbon on transport system.

Government supervision over construction quality is a basic institution of engineering management in China for safeguarding quality benefit of the country and the masses of the people. Government supervision needs to scientific decision based on comprehensive evaluation. Reforming government supervision needs for an idea for evaluation system of government supervision and management in construction quality from two levers of market management and supervision work. The evaluation includes supervision institute accomplishment, bids and tenders, supervisor work, quality implementing ability, main part quality during construction, and records of completed projects. Supervision work evaluation is base for scientific supervision decision. It promotes market management evaluation. Correspondingly, market management evaluation is means to standardizing supervision action, and to defending supervision authority for developing healthily of government supervision and management in construction quality.

This paper analyzes the grey theory and sets up a GM (1, 1) model based on the data processing. I use this model to predict the local finance of Zhejiang province and the result proves that the model based on the data processing not only gives a higher precision but also is more sensitive to the change of outer economic situation.

The institution of registration about putting on records of complete projects is carried out in China. Decisions on registration about putting on records of complete projects is an important measure for government supervision organizations construction quality to carry out their functions of enforcing the law. Because the organizations and owners seek usually outstanding achievements and potential benefits in supervision industry, which is a monopoly market, there are common-plot actions of registration about acceptance of completed projects. Latent reasons for choice of action tactics for registration about acceptance of completed projects between the organizations and owners are revealed by game analysis. Solving the question of common-plot action needs to introduce the market competition mechanism, and to enhance transparency of supervision jobs.

Franchising mode inaugurate a wider foreground for infrastructure and public utility. Innovation of city district heating Franchising to apply franchise will advance the development of city district heating capability, boost energy of City District Heating market, enhance manage level and efficiency city district heating, guarantee quality of city district heating, and amend circumstance of urban-rural city district heating. There are three aspects to charge heat price, in according with the analysis of the generation of cost price under the condition of franchising. The first one is the management of heat source market price generation. The second one is the management of hot-network supply price under the condition of franchising. The last one is the management of consumer consumption price. There is the relationship of dependence and restriction between them. And the city district heating price should be established as these three independent prices, conducted by the marketing and harmonized by the government as to boost healthy development of infrastructure and public utility.

Most current research on marine mammal acoustic detection, classification, and localization does not consider optimizing detector algorithm performance for marine mammal vocalizations that have been propagated through an uncertain multipath environment. In this study, a Bayesian likelihood ratio approach, using the original time series data, is used to benchmark optimal detection performance (ROC's) for a known marine mammal source vocalization propagated through both a known and an example uncertain ocean environment. In addition, for these same ocean environments, the detection performance (ROC's) is obtained for several algorithms based on the spectrogram of the original data. Since the spectrogram does not preserve detailed phase information contained in the original data, any algorithm based on the spectrogram is not likely to be optimum for detection. The initial results show the additional detection performance gain possible over spectrogram based algorithms. Simulations and preliminary detection performance results (ROC's) are presented using a mathematical model from the literature of the North Atlantic Right Whale (NARW), along with numerical acoustic propagation software.