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This study aimed to detect the expression of progranulin (PGRN) and elucidate associations with clinical features in dermatomyositis (DM) patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody. We enrolled 40 DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibody, 20 patients with antisynthetase syndrome (ASS; disease control), and 20 healthy individuals (healthy control, HC). The clinical features of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody and anti-histidyl-tRNA antibody were collected. The level of PGRN in the serum was tested by ELISA. The PGRN levels in DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibody (166.74 ± 97.95 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in patients with ASS (82.66 ± 40.50 ng/ml; p

Pupose The research is to improve the efficiency and accuracy of recognition of honeycomb lung in CT images. Methods Deep learning methods are used to achieve automatic recognition of honeycomb lung in CT images, however, is time consuming and less accurate due to the large amount of structural parameters. In this paper, a novel recognition method based on MobileNetV1 network, multi-scale feature fusion method (MSFF) and dilated convolution are explored to deal with honeycomb lung in CT images classification. Extract features in dilated convolution of different dilated rate to expand the receptive field and keep the features not lost, and fuse the features of different scales at multi-scale feature fusion block are the first adopted to solve the problem of feature loss and incomplete feature extraction. After that, by using linear activation functions (Sigmoid) instead of nonlinear activation functions (ReLu) in the improved deep separable convolution blocks to retain the feature information of each channels. Finally, by reducing the number of improved deep separable blocks to reduce the computation and resource consumption of the model. Results The experimental results show that improved MobileNet model has the best performance and the potential for recognition on honeycomb lung image datasets, which includes 6318 images. By comparing with 4 traditional models (SVM, RF, decision-tree and KNN) and 11 deep learning models (LeNet-5, AlexNet, VGG-16, GoogleNet, ResNet18, DenseNet121, SENet18, InceptionV3, InceptionV4, Xception, MobileNetV1). Our model achieved the performance with an accuracy of 99.52%, a sensitivity of 99.35%, a specificity of 99.89%. Conclusion Improved MobileNet model is designed for the automatic recognition and classification of honeycomb lung in CT images. Through experiments comparative analysis for other models of machine learning and deep learning, it is proved that the proposed improved MobileNet method has the best recognition accuracy with fewer the model parameters and less the calculation time.

This letter presents a wideband high performance 45° linearly polarization 8 × 8-slot array antenna. The gap waveguide technology is utilized to realize the proposed antenna, so that the electromagnetic (EM) leakage among the metallic blocks can be cancelled. 2 × 4-slot subarrays are used to construct the array antenna. An additional cavity power divider layer is inserted between the layers of original cavity power dividers and radiation slots to balance the amplitude and phase distributions in wideband frequency band. This suppresses the grating lobes. Triangular blocks are loaded in the new cavity power divider layer to confine the EM field distribution, thereby improving cross-polarization discrimination (XPD). For demonstration, a prototype antenna covering 5G millimeter-wave (mmW) NR bands of 257, 258, and 261 is design, fabricated, and measured. Measured results show that an impedance bandwidth of 23–30 GHz (| S 11

A range of circular (Circ) RNAs have been demonstrated to be of therapeutic significance for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the action of Circ-PRKDC and the microRNA-653-5p/Reelin (miR-653-5p/RELN) axis in T-cell ALL (T-ALL).Clinical specimens were obtained from patients with T-ALL (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 30). In each specimen, we determined the expression levels of Circ-PRKDC, miR-653-5p, and RELN. Human T-ALL cells (Jurkat) were transfected with Circ-PRKDC- or miR-653-5p-related sequences to investigate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. We also determined the levels of Circ-PRKDC, miR-653-5p, RELN, and signaling proteins related to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Finally, we decoded the interactions between Circ-PRKDC, miR-653-5p, and RELN. The expression levels of Circ-PRKDC and RELN were upregulated in T-ALL tissues and cells while the levels of miR-653-5p were downregulated. Thereafter, then silencing of Circ-PRKDC, or the enforced expression of miR-653-5p, repressed the expression of RELN and the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thus enhancing cell autophagy and apoptosis, and disrupting cell proliferation. Circ-PRKDC acted a sponge for miR-653-5p while miR-653-5p targeted RELN. The knockdown of miR-653-5p abrogated the silencing of Circ-PRKDC-induced effects in T-ALL cells. The depletion of Circ-PRKDC elevated miR-653-5p to silence RELN-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling activation, thereby enhancing autophagy and apoptosis in T-ALL cells.

Rural teacher recruitment and retention has become a common concern globally including in China. In order to understand the underlying reasons that cause rural teachers’ attrition, this study aims to explore the school culture and professional development of the teachers from urban and rural areas of China provinces, by examining three study objectives: teaching location and socio-demographic factor; challenges faced by rural teachers; and strategies to develop teaching professionalism in rural schools. A mixed-method approach involving survey forms and interview sessions was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS and ATLAS.ti which included inferential and thematic analysis. A number of 1547 teachers under Compulsory Education in Jiangxi, China were involved as participants. Results indicated that teaching location is significantly related to the socio-demographic condition. Additionally, five challenges reported by rural school teachers include parental involvement, working environment, salary, personal growth, and family environment. Meanwhile, three main strategies used for professional development are educational beliefs, collaboration relationships, and teacher self-training. The outcome of this study would contribute towards effective and feasible measures to stabilize rural teachers, promote educational and social equity, and promote the integration of urban and rural teachers. Findings conclude the importance to explore further and propose the corresponding measures to improve the working and living status of rural teachers.

Objective To establish an instrument for evaluating the clinical applicability of guidelines from the guideline‐users’ perspective. Methods We established this instrument through forming a working group, forming an initial list of items based on a qualitative systematic review, establishing initial instrument via two rounds of modified Delphi surveys, and external review the initial instrument. Results The results of modified Delphi surveys establishing appraisal aspects, appraisal items, general information of the evaluator met the preset requirements. The instrument includes three parts: general information of the evaluator (12 items), evaluation of clinical applicability (12 items, including items on the availability, readability, acceptability, feasibility, and overall applicability of guideline), and scoring scheme. Conclusions The instrument for evaluating the clinical applicability of guidelines from the guideline‐users’ perspective provides criteria and methods for improving the clinical applicability of guidelines during development and updating.

A soft body area sensor network presents a promising direction in wearable devices to integrate on-body sensors for physiological signal monitoring and flexible printed circuit boards (FPCBs) for signal conditioning/readout and wireless transmission. However, its realization currently relies on various sophisticated fabrication approaches such as lithography or direct printing on a carrier substrate before attaching to the body. Here, we report a universal fabrication scheme to enable printing and room-temperature sintering of the metal nanoparticle on paper/fabric for FPCBs and directly on the human skin for on-body sensors with a novel sintering aid layer. Consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) paste and nanoadditives in the water, the sintering aid layer reduces the sintering temperature. Together with the significantly decreased surface roughness, it allows for the integration of a submicron-thick conductive pattern with enhanced electromechanical performance. Various on-body sensors integrated with an FPCB to detect health conditions illustrate a system-level example.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of combination therapy of caspofungin and TMP/SMZ (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) in moderate to severe pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in patients without human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and the relationship between therapeutic effect and plasma (1, 3) Beta-d-Glucan (BDG) levels. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed HIV-negative patients with PJP diagnosed in our department, who were treated with combination therapy of caspofungin and TMP/SMZ or monotherapy of TMP/SMZ during a six and a half year period. Results: A total of 126 moderate to severe PJP patients were enrolled in the study. In the multivariate analysis, low lymphocyte counts, high serum lactate dehydrogenase levels at the diagnosis of PJP and progression to shock were significant risk factors for death. In all patients, there was no significant difference in risk of death at 3 months. In the group of BDG ≥ 800 pg/m, patients receiving combination therapy was associated with a significantly decreased risk of death at 3 months, whereas in the group of BDG

The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) can adaptively delineate complex non-linear, non-stationary signals when used as the Hilbert–Huang marginal spectrum through empirical mode decomposition (...

Background/aims Critically ill patients with cirrhosis with pneumonia are at an increased risk for mortality. Only a few accurate predictive models are existing specific to these patients. The aim of the present study was to compare the existing prognostic models and to develop an improved mortality risk model for patients with cirrhosis and pneumonia. Materials and methods A total of 231 patients were enrolled in our study (70% training and 30% validation cohorts). All participants were followed up for at least 21 days. Model for End-stage Liver Disease and Pneumonia (MELD-P) was derived by the Cox proportional hazards model. The performances of prognostic scoring systems were compared by calculation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. Results MELD-P showed better discriminative capabilities than existing scoring systems. Four clinical variables, including loge bilirubin (hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.73), loge international normalized ratio (HR 3.57, 95% CI 1.30-9.78), loge pulse oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.14-0.99), and vasopressors used (HR 3.72, 95% CI 1.85-7.49), were considered as independent prognostic values associated with 21-day mortality. MELD-P had AUROC curve values of 0.78 (95% CI 0.71-0.84) in predicting in-hospital mortality, 0.78 (95% CI 0.70-0.84) at 21-day, 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.93) at 14-day, and 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.92) at 7-day. A similar result was obtained in validation cohort. Conclusion MELD-P, as the first model specifically designed to evaluate the risk of mortality in critically ill patients with cirrhosis and pneumonia, performs well on the mortality assessment of short-term mortality.

Seismic fragility curves are recognized as a useful tool for seismic performance assessment of pile-supported wharf structure (PSWS) exposed to seismic hazards. These curves quantify the probability of structural vulnerability against given ground motion parameters. Soil-pile interaction (SPI) is found to have a significant impact on seismic performance of pile-supported structures. In this study, in order to better understand the SPI effect, the seismic fragility of a large-scale PSWS located at the Port of Los Angeles Berth 100, USA, is fully investigated with and without considering SPI. Herein, the pushover analysis scheme is used for inferring the bound limits of seismic demands of this large-scale PSWS. Specifically, the purpose of pushover analysis is twofold: to identify which pile of the PSWS most likely suffers from seismic failure; and to determine the bound limits of seismic demands for estimation of fragility curves using the identified pile. A collection of ground motions with low and high moment magnitudes as well as small and large fault distances are selected for nonlinear time history analysis. The seismic demand models can be readily estimated from the data set of the intensity measure-seismic demand pairs by classical regression fitting. A comparison of fragility curves with and without SPI shows that SPI significantly influences the seismic fragility of the PSWS. For distinct damage states, the effect of SPI on the seismic fragilities of different piles can be totally different.

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to better understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of listeriosis patients in mainland China. Methods: The six most widely used Chinese and English language databases were searched. The records of patients with listeriosis in mainland China reported during the years 2011–2017 were extracted. The clinical data of patients and information on clinical isolates of Listeria were collected and analyzed. Results: In total, 136 records were identified, reporting 562 patients with listeriosis. The number of patients was much higher than that reported in the previous decade. The 227 non-perinatal listeriosis patients included had a mortality rate of 23.78%. Of the 231 perinatal listeriosis patients, 32.68% resulted in abortion and/or newborn death. All listeriosis cases were reported as being sporadic. The listeriosis was traced to infection via a meat product in only three patients, while 33.12% were healthcare-associated infections. Conclusions: The number of patients with listeriosis in mainland China may have been underestimated previously. Perinatal cases in mainland China account for a much higher proportion than is usually described. Considering the high number of listeriosis patients in China, a comprehensive monitoring system for Listeria is urgently needed. Keywords: Listeriosis, Foodborne disease, China, Review

Background The systematic review of economic evaluations plays a critical role in making well-informed decisions about competing healthcare interventions. The quality of these systematic reviews varies due to the lack of internationally recognized methodological evaluation standards. Methods Nine English and Chinese databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase (Ovid), NHS economic evaluation database (NHSEED) (Ovid), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WangFang, VIP Chinese Science & Technology Periodicals (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. The methodological quality of the literature was measured with modified AMSTAR. Data were narrative synthesized. Results 165 systematic reviews were included. The overall methodological quality of the literature was moderate according to the AMSTAR scale. In these articles, thirteen quality assessment tools and 32 author self-defined criteria were used. The three most widely used tools were the Drummond checklist (19.4%), the BMJ checklist (15.8%), the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement (12.7%). Others included the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES), the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria (CHEC), the checklist of Center for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), the Philips checklist, the World Health Organization (WHO) checklist, the checklist of Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP), the Pediatric Quality Appraisal Questionnaire (PQAQ), the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist, Spanish and Chinese guidelines. The quantitative scales used in these literature were the QHES and PQAQ. Conclusions Evidence showed that pharmacoeconomic systematic reviews’ methodology remained to be improved, and the quality assessment criteria were gradually unified. Multiple scales can be used in combination to evaluate the quality of economic research in different settings and types.

The model of level set based on the local offset field solves the problem that the traditional local model cannot deal with the uneven grayscale images. But the performance of the model on noisy images is still not excellent. In response to this problem, this paper introduces a convolutional autoencoder to design an unsupervised noise separation mechanism to model the noise field based on the local model, so that the additive noise field can be separated from the image and avoid its interference to the image segmentation process. The results show that the proposed method can separate the additive image noise effectively and improve the segmentation accuracy in a noisy environment, which is superior to traditional noise robust models and offset field models.

IntroductionProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common male genitourinary malignancy in the world. The protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is one of the main members of the type II PRMT family, which was reported to regulate androgen-dependent PCa cell proliferation. However, the upstream regulators of PRMT5 and its effects on androgen-independent PCa metastasis remained unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether PRMT5 could be a novel diagnostic marker and be used as a therapeutic target in PCa, to explore the possible molecular mechanism, and to understand the clinical importance of PRMT5 in PCa.Material and methodsThe present study evaluated PRMT5 expression levels in PCa and normal prostate samples using public datasets, including TCGA, GEPIA and GSE21032. Furthermore, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometer assay, and transwell assay were conducted to detect the roles of PRMT5. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the relationship among ZFAS1/miR-150-5p/PRMT5.ResultsOur results showed that PRMT5 was overexpressed in PCa samples. PRMT5 significantly promoted androgen-dependent PCa proliferation and cell cycle progression and suppressed cell apoptosis. However, PRMT5 did not affect androgen-independent PCa proliferation but it could significantly induce androgen-independent PCa metastasis. Knockdown of PRMT5 suppressed, whereas overexpression of PRMT5 induced, cell migration and invasion in androgen-independent DU145 and PC-3 cells. Moreover, our results showed that the ZFAS1/miR-150-5p axis regulated PRMT5 expression in PCa cells. Furthermore, the study showed that ZFAS1 and PRMT5 were overexpressed and miR-150-5p was down-regulated in PCa samples. Higher expression levels of ZFAS1 and PRMT5 were correlated with shorter disease-free survival time in PCa patients.ConclusionsThese results showed that PRMT5 may be a therapeutic target for PCa.

Hierarchical nanostructure of TiO2 nanoparticles/nanorod arrays (TiO2 NPs/NRs) is synthesized and applied in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) comparing with the TiO2 nanorod (TiO2 NR) arrays and the TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The TiO2 NP/NR surface morphology is revealed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The power conversion efficiency of NP/NR-based DSSCs (length 3 µm) is improved to 3.47%, which is 2.2 times higher than the NR-based DSSCs (length 3 µm), and rivals the NP-based DSSC (length 5 µm). The high photovoltaic performance was attributed to that the TiO2 NP/NR photoanode has large surface area and exhibits excellent light scattering, allowing for fast interfacial charge transfer and less charge recombination, which are characterized using the UV-vis absorbance spectra, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. However, further work is needed to overcome the limitations of TiO2 NP/NR and improve the performance of TiO2 NP/NR-based DSSC.

As one of the core modules of English speech recognition system, the performance of acoustic model directly affects the recognition effect of the final system. Aiming at the problems of acoustic modeling, model optimization and training efficiency in English speech recognition system, this paper focuses on the acoustic modeling method based on deep learning technology. By analyzing the basic theory of deep neural network and HMM, the structure and parameter configuration of DNN-HMM are intensively studied. A new hybrid network model is proposed by using clustered state instead of single factor state as the output unit of the neural network, and it is applied to the acoustic model of English speech recognition. The simulation results show that the improved scheme can get better recognition effect by increasing the enhancement of speech features under the condition of three-phoneme structure. In addition, the experimental results also verify that the acoustic modeling method based on DNN-HMM is superior to traditional GMM-HMM method.

Aiming at the limitations, dispersion and redundancy of randomly collected images of agricultural surveillance field cameras, a multi-camera system panoramic intelligent monitoring and early warning method is proposed. Firstly, the multi-camera model is designed by entropy theory to obtain the number of cameras with maximum efficiency. Then, through the registration and fusion of single-frame images, the images are stiched into panoramic images to obtain global information. Finally, the sub-decisions of multiple cameras are combined., get a more reliable early warning judgment.

Objective Previous studies demonstrated altered regional neural activations in several brain areas in patients with pulsatile tinnitus (PT), especially indicating an important role of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). However, few studies focused on the degree of functional connectivity (FC) of this area in PT patients. In this study, we will compare the FC of PCC in patients affected with this condition and normal controls by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods Structural and functional MRI data were obtained from 36 unilateral PT patients with single etiology and 36 matched healthy controls. FC feature of the region of interest (PCC) were characterized using a seed-based correlation method with the voxels in the whole-brain. Results Compared with healthy controls, patients showed significant decreased FC to the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), right thalamus and bilateral insula. By contrast, PCC demonstrated increased functional connectivity between the precuneus, bilateral inferior parietal lobule and middle occipital gyrus. We also found correlations between the disease duration of PT and FC of PCC-right MTG (r = −0.616, p Conclusions Unilateral PT patients could have abnormal FC to the PCC bilaterally in the brain. PCC, as a highly integrated brain area, is an example of nucleus that was involved in mediation between different neural networks. It might be a modulation core between visual network and auditory network. The decreased FC of MTG to PCC may indicate a down regulation of activity between PCC and auditory associated brain cortex. Decreased FC between limbic system (bilateral AI) and PCC may reflect the emotional message control in patient group. This study facilitated understanding of the underlying neuropathological process in patients with pulsatile tinnitus.

Light polarization is extensively applied in optical detection, industry processing and telecommunication. Although aligned carbon nanotube naturally suppresses the transmittance of light polarized parallel to its axial direction, there is little application regarding the photodetection of carbon nanotube based on this anisotropic interaction with linearly polarized light. Here, we report a photodetection device realized by aligned carbon nanotube. Because of the different absorption behavior of polarized light with respect to polarization angles, such device delivers an explicit response to specific light wavelength regardless of its intensity. Furthermore, combining both experimental and mathematical analysis, we found that the light absorption of different wavelength causes characteristic thermoelectric voltage generation, which makes aligned carbon nanotube promising in optical detection. This work can also be utilized directly in developing new types of photoswitch that features a broad spectrum application from near-ultraviolet to intermediate infrared with easy integration into practical electric devices, for instance, a "wavelength lock".

The destruction of museum collections caused by earthquakes in China has attracted many scholars’ attention. Taking the implementation of the project of Quanzhou Museum for example, this paper introduces the application of the preventive seismic protection technologies to museum collections in aspects like the seismic design method, the verification of the performance of the anti-seismic products for showcases and museum collections, the implementation and effects of anti-seismic products. Through the implementation of the seismic protection and monitoring system for museum collections, an effective long-term mechanism for the seismic protection of museum collections in Quanzhou Museum is proposed. Finally, the successful demonstration of the preventive conservation of museum collections in Fujian is summarized.

At present, the digital camouflage painting is still mainly by manual spraying, the process is complicated and inefficient. In view for this situation, on the basis of the previous research on the texture mapping technology based on the octree theory, a spray trajectory planning method based on the projection method is proposed. This method takes the texture mapping result as the input. Firstly, the Mosaic boundary on the 3D model is projected to the plane; then the “scanning” raster trajectory planning is carried out on the projection plane; finally, the trajectory of spraying planning is corrected. This method transforms the 3D trajectory planning problem into the 2D trajectory planning problem, which not only greatly simplifies the difficulty of the algorithm planning, but also can adapt to different shape surfaces. The experiment verifies the feasibility of the algorithm. The research results can provide reference for the practice of digital camouflage spraying.

A new system of integrated detection and communication is put forward, which detected echoes of the communication signal reflected by target. As we all known, different underwater acoustic modulation modes produce different communication waveforms. The detection performance of three conventional single-carrier underwater acoustic modulation signals of MSK, 2FSK and BPSK are analyzed by comparing their ambiguity functions and Q-functions. Having established the target echo model of underwater acoustic wireless modulation signal, the target estimation performance using different modulation signals are analyzed by employing the conventional beamforming and multiple signal classification algorithms. $\cdot$ The results will instruct the waveform design for the integrated system of detection and communication.

E-commerce platform evaluates e-seller star level according to the number of favourable comments from e-buyers. However, there is often inconsistence between the e-buyer evaluation details and the evaluation result. The evaluation result includes subjective factors in some degrees, so the e-seller star level which is only determined by the amount of favourable comments cannot completely reflect the e-seller credit level. Therefore, the shoes e-seller on taobao e-commerce platform will be taken as an example to evaluate the e-seller credit. Firstly, nine evaluation indexes such as the product quality, the product description, the service, the sales volume and so on, which embraced in evaluation details are selected. One hundred and fifty-three shoes e-seller samples are extracted by means of Python. It obtains shoes e-seller classification using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, and we devise their credit rank according to classification result. E-seller credit rank is compared with their star level, and their difference is analyzed. Secondly, we use FCM algorithm to analyze the relevance between each index and credit, so as to determine the main indicators affecting the e-seller credit. The evaluation mechanism of the e-seller credit designed above can provide the reference for e-buyer to make decision.

Various mobile medical APPs appear designed for mobile smart phones in China recent years, providing more approaches between patients and doctors. It offers more convenient and prompt medical information and service exchange. Though there still exist some unfavorable factors, mobile medical application improves patient medical experience, the relationship between doctors and patients, the doctor's self-price value and contain the huge commercial value. In the future, as the improvement of the laws and regulations, the increasing of the market competition and advancement of technology, it will change the medical pattern completely, especially for out-patients.

In gear measurement and tool presetting for gear grinding, grinding allowance of gear teeth is small. If tool presetting is just based on only one or seldom gear tooth spaces’ edges, one edge of some gear tooth spaces may be grinded heavily, while the edge of some other gear tooth spaces may not be grinded at all. In this work, a tool presetting method for gear grinding based on the worst angles of tooth space edges is studied. The angles of all (or partial) of the tooth space edges’ angles are measured. The optimal tool presetting angle is calculated based on the angles of the worst (leftmost) start edge and the worst (rightmost) end edge of all (or part) of the tooth spaces. And so, the leftmost start edge and the rightmost end edge of the gear tooth spaces can be grinded with the same lowest grinding allowance, while other left start edges and right end edges of the gear tooth spaces can be grinded with reasonable grinding allowance larger than the lowest grinding allowance.

Background Mothers’ knowledge of neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is grossly deficient or inaccurate, which may adversely affect the actions of mothers in the recognition of NNJ and cause a delay in seeking medical attention. Material/Methods A total of 1036 primiparas were separated randomly into the intervention group and the control group, with 518 primiparas in each group. Results All (100%) mothers in the intervention group understood that NNJ is a yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera; 94.19% of them considered that NNJ is a common problem in newborns; 82.80% and 95.27% replied that jaundice appearing within the first 36 hours and lasting more than 2 weeks usually indicates pathological NNJ; 96.34%, 80.86%, and 90.32% realized that premature newborns, low birth weight, and perinatal asphyxia, respectively, are more likely to be accompanied by NNJ; 97.41%, 78.71%, and 64.95% knew that maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility, infection, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, respectively, are the common inducements to NNJ; 94.84% could associate NNJ with brain damage; 92.26%, 93.12%, and 74.62% agreed that phototherapy, strengthen feeding, and exchange blood transfusion, respectively, can greatly relieve NNJ. However, some respondents in the control group responded in other ways, such as stopping breastfeeding (9.19%), placing newborns in sunlight (10.24%) and traditional Chinese medicine (10.24%), which was significantly higher than that of the intervention group. There was also a significant delay for respondents in the control group in consulting a pediatrician, and 6.30% of them did not seek medical help until after the interview. Conclusions Prenatal training could significantly improve new mothers’ understanding of NNJ.

In this chapter, we review the main findings of our book and highlight the key implications that we can draw from our studies. While sending expatriates to China is still a common practice, MNCs clearly struggle in managing this group of employees. Expatriates themselves also find it challenging to cope with the changing social and work environments around them in the host country. They struggle when deciding whether to learn the local language and how much effort should be devoted to this. They ask themselves how confident they should feel before speaking the local language, regardless of their actual proficiency. Expatriates are also concerned as to whether they will ever be accepted, given that they look different and speak a different language. Even when expatriates have the same ethnicity as the locals, they might wonder whether the shared ethnicity is a positive or negative characteristic. Furthermore, we discuss the notion of change in terms of the changing expatriate concept; we also examine the changes in identity which occur during the process of negotiating acceptance. Finally, we provide a series of practical recommendations for MNCs, urging them to take an active role in managing employee diversity in the subsidiary as well as headquarters. This includes presenting concrete advice to both expatriates and local employees on how to embrace the differences between them.

The purpose of this chapter is to present a broad-brush picture based on quantitative data on the role of expatriation, language and cultural differences in China. Contrasting this data with corresponding information for eight other host countries or regions allows us to illustrate China’s unique position. The chapter first presents an overview of the current state of expatriation; this is followed by an analysis of the dominant functions of expatriation in China and the extent to which expatriates are integrated into the subsidiary culture. We then investigate the intertwined role of language and culture. Here, we examine how far linguistic and cultural differences can form a barrier between headquarters and subsidiaries, and the extent to which such differences can be the source of conflict and misunderstanding. One way to address linguistic differences is through the use of a corporate language. While this is a solution which is applied by many multinational corporations (MNCs), as will be seen in later chapters, it is not without problems in its implementation. Finally, we will discuss how the specific combination of expatriation, language and culture in China can be seen to lead to problems in HR management.

The smartphones play an Important part In agriculture service today. A smartphone accessible agriculture IoT node is presented in this paper. This node is designed for sightseeing agriculture and education agriculture services. Nodes can meet the needs of in-field farm services as well as the demand of centralized management. The hardware structure of the node and the design of the Android App are discussed. This node is expected to provide new technologies and business supports for smart agriculture.

Language, in particular host country language, has been ignored by both academics and practitioners in expatriate management. When it comes to issues affecting expatriate performance, there is a tendency to focus on technical details such as the job description, task-related training and leadership style and to overlook the fundamental issue of language. In this chapter, we present the language realities of MNC subsidiaries in China with regard to whether local employees speak English with expatriates, and how willing they are to do so. We argue that there is in fact a strong local demand for expatriates to learn and use the host country language. However, given that Chinese, the language of this particular host country, is such an unfamiliar language, and perceived as difficult, we also recommend a range of strategies that allow expatriates without host country language skills to cope with the language challenges.

The previous chapters in this book have focused predominantly on the role of the host country language in China and looked specifically at Western expatriates. In this and the following chapter, we turn our attention towards issues related to culture and identity and investigate two very different groups of expatriates: Indian expatriates and overseas Chinese expatriates. Here, we investigate what acceptance means to expatriates and local employees, given that it is an essential factor in expatriates’ adjustment to the host country and in their interaction with local employees. We start by outlining the historical, political and cultural background to the relationship between India and China to set the scene for discussing interactions between Indian expatriates and Chinese local employees. We then present a three-level acceptance model and elaborate on each level of acceptance. The chapter concludes with a discussion of both the implications of this model and how understanding acceptance affects expatriates and MNCs.

Ultra-high frequency(UHF) pulse generator is usually used as partial discharge (PD) simulator, nuclear radiation simulator and some specific noise simulator etc. To be better used in different electrical and electronic applications, it's very important to generate pulse cluster with short interval and programmable envelope. In this paper, a programmable pulse cluster generator is developed, which is based on reed relay with high frequency characteristics to chop signals with different voltage levels from DC-DC converter into pulses with nanosecond rise time. What's more, an algorithm is employed to achieve the best performance indexes of generator with the least number of electronics. Finally, the generated pulse cluster is made up of pulses with high magnitude(>135V), short interval(

Head posture estimation is essential for studying human behavior and attention. However, it is still a challenge to achieve good performance in accuracy, speed and robustness for human behavioral detection applications. In this paper, an improved algorithm based on appearance method for head posture estimation is proposed, and a corresponding embedded system based on System-on-Chip (SoC) FPGA is also presented. This implementation utilizes AAM to extract facial feature points and POSIT to estimate the 3DOF head posture. The results show that the system can achieve head pose estimation at a frequency of about 16 fps when the image has a resolution of 640 X480, and the accuracy of the estimation is about 2.7° in mean absolute error.

In this paper, we proposed a novel approach called Hybrid Orientation Filter which deploys a combination of the information filter and the complementary filter to achieve accurate heading estimation. Base on this approach, a Hybrid Orientation Filter aided pedestrian dead reckoning system with utilization of the visual gyroscope is proposed and implemented on a smartphone, offering real-time indoor tracking for pedestrians without map information or infrastructure. Experiment results show that the proposed dead reckoning system achieves typically sub-meter accuracy in position over 207 meters, and an average error of 2.55 degrees in heading over 1800 degrees.

Pile-supported wharves may be subjected to severe damage during major earthquakes. As such, efficient strategies for retrofitting wharf systems are needed. In this study, we investigate the seismic performance of a pile-supported wharf retrofitted by the following three conventional slope strengthening strategies: i) improving the ground with a soil-cement mixture, ii) driving pin piles near dike toe, and iii) creating an underwater bulkhead system using sheet piles. Effectiveness of the three retrofit schemes is assessed comprehensively. First, seismic response of the as-built and retrofitted pile-supported wharf is investigated. Subsequently, performance of the retrofit strategies in mitigating the seismic vulnerability is thoroughly investigated by comparing component- and system-level fragility curves. It was found that: (1) overall, the strategies are effective in mitigating the seismic response and in reducing the seismic fragilities of the wharf system; (2) the performance of the retrofit measures varies at the structural component level, as a retrofit measure may have an isolated local negative effect for a certain structural component. In this regard, an appropriate retrofit strategy should be identified based on specifically defined retrofit purposes; and (3) as implemented, the soil-cement mixture performed best (in lowering the system seismic fragility), followed by the pin pile, and lastly the sheet pile.

In this paper a vibratory tri-axis gyroscope with single drive and three axes angular rate sense is presented. Firstly the structural design is proposed. And based on the modal analysis of this structure the operating principle of gyroscope is explained. Secondly the detail design of this gyroscope is presented. Based on simulation, the performance of the gyroscope is evaluated, the character of structural coupling among the drive and sense modes is studied. Thirdly the SOI fabrication process for this gyroscope is described. Fourthly the circuitry design including AGC and PLL is discussed, and the signal process is described in detail. Finally the implementation of this gyroscope is presented. Experiment results show the performance of the gyroscope. The scale factors are ?0.0078 V/°/s, ?0.0043 V/°/s and ?0.0049 V/°/s along X-, Y- and Z-axis respectively. And experiment results also indicate the character of structural coupling among the drive and sense modes similar with the results of simulation.

Objective There are no convenient techniques to evaluate the degree of facial nerve injury during a course of acupuncture treatment for Bell's palsy. Our previous studies found that observing the electrical response of specific facial muscles provided reasonable correlation with the prognosis of electroacupuncture treatment. Hence, we used the new method to evaluate the degree of facial nerve injury in patients with Bell's palsy in comparison with the House-Brackmann scale. The relationship between therapeutic effects and prognosis was analyzed to explore an objective method for evaluating Bell's palsy. Methods The facial nerve function of 68 patients with Bell's palsy was assessed with both electrical response grading and the House-Brackmann scale before treatment. Then differences in evaluation results of the two methods were compared. All enrolled patients received electroacupuncture treatment with disperse-dense wave at 1/100 Hz for 4 weeks. After treatment, correlation analysis was conducted to find the relationship between electrical response and therapeutic effects or prognosis. Results Checking consistency between electrical response grading and House-Brackmann scale: Kappa value 0.028 ( P = 0.578). Correlation analysis: the two methods were correlated with the prognosis, and electrical response grading ( r ER = 0.789) was better than the House-Brackmann scale ( r HB = 0.423). Conclusion Electrical response grading is superior to the House-Brackmann scale in efficacy and reliability, and can conveniently assess the degree of facial nerve injury. The House-Brackmann scale is suitable for the patients with mild facial nerve injury, but its evaluation quality for severe facial nerve injury is poor.

In this paper, on-the-spot measurement of the subgrade vibration induced by rail transit is con-ducted. According to the data, the power spectrum and 1/3 octave band are analyzed. The re-sults show that when the passenger train drives, the vibration level away from centerline of 30-60 m will increase with the vehicle speed. The main frequency of vibration energy decrease from 50-70 Hz to 25-35 Hz and optimal frequency decrease from 57.98 Hz to 31.25Hz. The attenuating speed of high frequency vi-bration is greater than that of low frequency vibration. The attenuating speed of high frequency vi-bration is greater than that of low frequency vibration. The center frequency that greater than 25Hz decay gradually in 1/3 octave band, but the center frequency vibration level changes within the range 1 to 20 Hz is smaller.

2000 the "Red tourism" had appeared from Jiangxi province, rapid development. This paper take red tourism industrialization as the research object, analysis of Red tourism industry's demand for tourism information services. On this basis, use spatial information technology to design tourism information service platform, meet the requirements about Red tourism industrialization, provide important support for accelerating the transformation of Red tourism.