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Introduction To evaluate the efficacy and safety of preforming extracorporeal physical vibration lithecbole(EVPL)through greater sciatic foramen(GSF)for distal ureteral calculi(DUC) treatment. Materials and methods All patients with a diagnosis of DUC (6 - 10 mm in diameter) were enrolled in this study from October 2018 to May 2020. Patients were randomly divided into three groups receiving EPVL through GSF (Group A, n = 58), or abdominal (Group B, n = 60), or combined with oral use of tamsulosin at 0.4 mg daily (Group C, n = 63). Results There was no significant difference observed in terms of demographic characteristics or size of stones among the three groups (p >0.05). Compared with the group B and C, patients of the group A displayed a significantly higher score of comfort but with significantly decreased number of renal colic attacks or analgesics required (p < 0.01). The stone-free rate also significantly increased after one and two weeks of treatment (p < 0.01), despite such a significant difference among these groups vanished after four weeks of treatment. Conclusion Extracorporeal physical vibrational lithecbole in the prone position use the greater sciatic foramen as the path is the safe and effective approach to treat the distal ureter calculi.

Purpose We aimed to compare the efficacy of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) versus retrograde ureteric stent (RUS) for acute upper urinary tract obstruction with urosepsis. Materials and methods We performed a random study, comparing PCN to RUS, for the treatment of patients requiring emergency drainage due to acute upper urinary tract obstruction with urosepsis between January 2019 to March 2020. Data collected included patient characteristics, stone material, microbiological characteristics, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis was performed by the student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test or chi-squared test and Fisher exact test. Results At first, a total of 75 patients were eligibly assessed for enrollment. Among them, 3 cases were excluded for declining to participate and 7 cases were failed treated with RUS. At last, 35 PCN (53.85%) and 30 RUS (46.15%) patients were analyzed. There were 24 (36.92%) men and 41 (63.08%) women. The median age was 65 years. Emergency decompression was achieved by PCN in 35 (53.85%) patients and by RUS in 30 (46.15%). Urine culture was positive in 32 (49.23%) patients, of which 17 (53.13%) had E. coli. Postoperative C-reactive protein value and normal temperature recovery time in the PCN group were significantly lower than in the RUS group(P Conclusion PCN had a better outcome than RUS in emergency drainage with urosepsis, especially for patients with severe inflammation and fever.

Characterizing the three-dimensional (3D) morphological alterations of microvessels under both normal and seizure conditions is crucial for a better understanding of epilepsy. However, conventional imaging techniques cannot detect microvessels on micron/sub-micron scales without angiography. In this study, synchrotron radiation (SR)-based X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging (ILPCI) and quantitative 3D characterization were used to acquire high-resolution, high-contrast images of rat brain tissue under both normal and seizure conditions. The number of blood microvessels was markedly increased on days 1 and 14, but decreased on day 60 after seizures. The surface area, diameter distribution, mean tortuosity, and number of bifurcations and network segments also showed similar trends. These pathological changes were confirmed by histological tests. Thus, SR-based ILPCI provides systematic and detailed views of cerebrovascular anatomy at the micron level without using contrast-enhancing agents. This holds considerable promise for better diagnosis and understanding of the pathogenesis and development of epilepsy.

Single-pixel imaging, also known as computational ghost imaging, provides an alternative method to perform imaging in various applications which are difficult for conventional cameras with pixelated detectors, such as multi-wavelength imaging, three-dimensional imaging, and imaging through turbulence. In recent years, many improvements have successfully increased the signal-to-noise ratio of single-pixel imaging systems, showing promise for the engineering feasibility of this technique. However, many of these improvements are based on empirical findings. In this work we perform an investigation of the noise from each system component that affects the quality of the reconstructed image in a single-pixel imaging system based on focal plane modulation. A collective noise model is built to describe the resultant influence of these different noise sources, and numerical simulations are performed to quantify the effect. Experiments have been conducted to verify the model, and the results agree well with the simulations. This work provides a simple yet accurate method for evaluating the performance of a single-pixel imaging system, without having to carry out actual experimental tests.

Single-pixel imaging uses a single-pixel detector, rather than a focal plane detector\ud array, to image a scene. It provides advantages for applications such as multi-wavelength,\ud three-dimensional imaging. However, low frame rates have been a major obstacle inhibiting\ud the use of computational ghost imaging technique in wider applications since its invention\ud one decade ago. To address this problem, a computational ghost imaging scheme, which\ud utilizes an LED-based, high-speed illumination module is presented in this work. At 32 × 32\ud pixel resolution, the proof-of-principle system achieved continuous imaging with 1000 fps\ud frame rate, approximately two orders larger than those of other existing ghost imaging\ud systems. The proposed scheme provides a cost-effective and high-speed imaging technique\ud for dynamic imaging applications