Search

Aim. To study phenotypes of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), to determine their associations with arterial stiffness parameters, and to assess global cardiovascular risk (CVR) in young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Material and methods. The presented cross-sectional single-center study included 81 T1D patients without a history of hypertension (HTN) and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (men — 39%; median age — 27 years; median duration of T1D — 6 years). All participants underwent a routine clinical and laboratory testing, measurement of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP (BPLab Vasotens), assessment of central BP and arterial stiffness parameters using applanation tonometry technique. BP phenotypes were analyzed with diagnostic criteria for HTN by ESC/ESH 2018 guidelines. CVR was assessed using the SCORE 10-year risk calculator (ESC 2019). The differences were considered significant at pResults. The prevalence of true HTN was 6,2%, masked HTN — 38,3%. Isolated nocturnal HTN was revealed in 30,7% of patients with clinic BP Conclusion. Hypertension occurs in 44,5% of young patients with type 1 diabetes and is characterized by a high prevalence of masked isolated nocturnal HTN and non-dipping. Masked HTN is associated with a higher carotid-femoral PWV. High and very high 10-year CVR was recorded in 87,7% of patients.

The HPHT diamond Schottky diode was assembled as a Metal/Intrinsic/p-doped structure betavoltaic cell (BC) with a very thin (1 μm) drift layer and tested under 5–30 keV electron beam irradiation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of the β-radiation energy and the backscattering of electrons on the energy conversion was studied. From the results obtained, it is shown that, the efficiency of the investigated BC increases from 1.01 to 3.75% with the decrease of β-particle energy from 30 to 5 keV due to an increase of the electron beam absorption in a thin drift layer. Maximum efficiency is achieved when the electron beam energy is close to the average β-decay energy of 3H. The BC maximum output power of the 1.6 μW was obtained at an electron beam energy of 15 keV, that matches the β-decay energy of 63Ni. The total BC conversion efficiency at 15 keV electron-beam energy is about 3%. The calculations indicated that a preferable β-source for the diamond based BCs with a thin (1 μm) drift layer is 63Ni. peerReviewed

Many believe that organization is to be depersonalized far as possible. But can it be entirely rid of personal dimension? And should one consider the personal a mere impediment or it may claim also a wholesome part? The author sheds light on the personal “engines” of organizational management and reveals the mechanisms of its influence on the decisions and behavior of both rank and files and higher-ups by scrutinizing the relevant managerial practice and research findings. Are revealed in corpore and presented in a systematic form the factors limiting depersonalization and the intimate features of personality – emotional, volitional, and subliminal – to be brought into play. It is argued that they are not merely requisites for effective management but also fundamental conditions of success in uncertain, diverse, erratic, tangled, and quickly changing environment. Depersonalization not so much raises the level of management as technicalizes it, ousting “pieces” with no need for personal involvement from the system of human relations. They cease to be organizational proper and turn into a technological appendage subject to technical control rather than management. The paper opens a new line of research aimed at discovering the intrapersonal drives as a run-the-organization resource. The findings and conclusions the author has come to is of use to practicioners who can employ them for increasing the effectiveness of their activity as well as to teachers wanting to give a more precise and comprehensive picture of human behavior within the courses of management and organization theory.

This review assesses the therapeutic potential of placebo and nocebo effects in the treatment of narcological disorders. The background of this issue is discussed and the neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of the placebo effect are addressed. Use of the placebo effect in psychotherapy is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the therapeutic and ethical aspects of the practical application of the placebo effect, including as part of treatment methods such as placebo therapy, object-oriented psychotherapy, motivational and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, Antabuse treatment, and psychopharmacotherapy with opioid receptor antagonists. The authors conclude that placebo effects can be used in the treatment of narcological disorders with the aim of increasing efficacy, subject to compliance with the main principles of medical ethics.

Introduction Les residents des EHPAD sont particulierement a risque d’acquisition du SARS-CoV-2 et leurs comorbidites les exposent a des formes graves d’infection COVID-19. Nous avons cherche a decrire puis a identifier les caracteristiques des malades, les facteurs favorisant cette epidemie puis les moyens de controle. Materiels et methodes Une enquete epidemiologique a ete realisee le 20/04 par une equipe d’infectiologues, de geriatres et d’hygienistes dans un EHPAD ou le 1er cas etait diagnostique le 02/03. Le dossier des residents presents du 02/03 au 20/04 a permis de recueillir l’âge, les comorbidites, le statut nutritionnel, le degre de fragilite et la chronologie des symptomes. Tout le personnel a ete interviewe par telephone. Resultats Cinquante-deux (67,5 %) des 76 residents ont developpe des symptomes compatibles avec une infection COVID-19. Le pic epidemique a ete atteint 20 jours apres le premier cas. Les premiers symptomes cliniques les plus frequents etaient une fievre (49 %), une toux seche (29 %), une asthenie (25 %, avec souvent un syndrome de glissement) et une chute (17 %). Il existait un effet significatif service/secteur d’hebergement. La transmission virale s’est faite independamment des fragilites propres a chaque resident par non-respect des mesures barriere. Le taux de mortalite sur la periode de l’etude a ete de 25 %. Les facteurs de risque de mortalite en analyse multivariee en controlant pour l’âge et le sexe etaient la demence [HR : 2,7 ; p = 0,053], la fievre (1er signe) [HR : 2,8, p = 0,034] et la toux (1er signe) [HR : 2,8, p = 0,05]. Cinquante-quatre pour cent (45/84) des membres du personnel ont declare des symptomes compatibles avec une COVID-19 dont 41 salaries et 4 renforts. Quarante-huit pour cent (27/59) des salaries et 15 % (4/27) des renforts ont eu un arret de travail. Dix pour cent (10 residents et un membre du personnel) des 115 personnes testees de facon systematique entre le 9 et le 14 avril avaient une RT-PCR positive sans avoir eu aucun symptome. Conclusion Cette epidemie est caracterisee par une atteinte des soignants (54 %) comme des residents (67,5 %), apres une probable introduction du virus par les soignants. La transmission virale a eu lieu entre soignants, entre residents et entre soignants et residents. La desorganisation des soins et l’absenteisme (encadrement compris) ainsi que les cas asymptomatiques ont favorise la dissemination. L’epidemie a ete jugulee par le renforcement de l’equipe soignante, un encadrement, un support logistique, la mise en place des mesures barrieres, la formation aux pratiques d’hygiene et l’accompagnement par les equipes mobiles de geriatrie et d’hygiene.

The article discusses therapeutic potential of placebo and nocebo effects in treatment of substance use disorders. The authors review the background of the issue, describe neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of placebo effects and demonstrate their impact on psychotherapy of patients with substance use disorders. Attention is drawn to the clinical and ethical issues of practical use of placebo effects including that in terms of placebo-therapy, indirect suggestion psychotherapy, motivational interventions and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, psychotherapy with the use of disulfiram, psychopharmacotherapy with opioid antagonists. The authors conclude that the ethical use of placebo-effects in treatment of substance use disorders may improve its overall efficiency.В статье обзорного характера обсуждается терапевтический потенциал эффектов плацебо и ноцебо в лечении наркологических заболеваний. Описывается предыстория вопроса, раскрываются нейробиологический и психологический механизмы эффекта плацебо. Рассматривается использование эффекта плацебо в ходе психотерапии. Особое внимание обращено на терапевтические и этические аспекты практического использования эффекта плацебо, в том числе в таких методах лечения, как плацебо-терапия, предметно-опосредованная психотерапия, мотивационная и когнитивно-бихевиоральная психотерапия, терапия с использованием антабуса, психофармакотерапия антагонистами опиоидных рецепторов. Сделан вывод о возможности использования эффектов плацебо в лечении наркологических заболеваний с целью повышения его эффективности, но при условии соблюдения основных принципов медицинской этики.В статье обзорного характера обсуждается терапевтический потенциал эффектов плацебо и ноцебо в лечении наркологических заболеваний. Описывается предыстория вопроса, раскрываются нейробиологический и психологический механизмы эффекта плацебо. Рассматривается использование эффекта плацебо в ходе психотерапии. Особое внимание обращено на терапевтические и этические аспекты практического использования эффекта плацебо, в том числе в таких методах лечения, как плацебо-терапия, предметно-опосредованная психотерапия, мотивационная и когнитивно-бихевиоральная психотерапия, терапия с использованием антабуса, психофармакотерапия антагонистами опиоидных рецепторов. Сделан вывод о возможности использования эффектов плацебо в лечении наркологических заболеваний с целью повышения его эффективности, но при условии соблюдения основных принципов медицинской этики.

An analytic expression is derived which determines the electric field strength E(r) in the sensitive region of an one-open-face coaxial detector (spheric coaxial detector - SC detector). The cases of no charge in the sensitive region (Na-Nd = 0) and of uniform charge distribution (Na-Nd = = const. ± 0) are considered. The applicability of the expression obtained is confirmed experi-mentally for a model SC detector. The E(r) dependence in SC detectors is shown to be steeper than in coaxial detectors with two open faces (right coaxial detector - RC detector). This de-pendence is found to steepen when approaching the closed face and near it and to be steepest along the cylinder axis. [Russian Text Ignored.]