Search

Background: Percutaneous tracheostomy as described by Ciaglia is accepted as a safe technique with minimal associated morbidity. Recent modification of the technique to a single-step dilator prompted us to evaluate this in the critically injured patient. Methods: A comparison of patients undergoing percutaneous tracheostomy was performed. From May 1998 to May 1999, patients underwent surgery using the sequential multidilator technique (MDT), and from July 1999 to July 2000, patients underwent surgery using the single dilation technique (SDT). Results: Ninety-three tracheostomies were performed, 49 MDT and 44 SDT. Time to tracheostomy and total ventilator days was similar between the groups. Three complications occurred. In the MDT group, 1 patient experienced delayed tracheal hemorrhage not requiring transfusion. In the SDT group, 1 patient had transient right lower lobe collapse, and another patient had unexplained extubation requiring emergent cricothyroidotomy. Conclusions: Percutaneous tracheostomy using the single-step Rhino dilator technique is technically easier than the currently accepted multidilator technique with equivalent complications.

Endemia es la enfermedad habitualmente presente entre los miembros de un determinado grupo, en una determinada área, en una población definida. El problema del estudio fue reconocer cómo el enfermero actúa en el control de las endemias. El objetivo es identificar la actuación del enfermero en el control de endemias y discutir la formación profesional del enfermero para actuar en dicho control. Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, cualitativo y bibliográfico, realizado en la base de datos de BVS (BDENF e, LILACS) y en la biblioteca de COC (FIOCRUZ). Tras la colecta de datos se realizó la pre-lectura, la lectura selectiva, la interpretativa y el análisis textual. Emergieron las categorías: el papel del enfermero en el control de las endemias, y la formación profesional del enfermero y el control de las endemias. Los resultados: el papel del enfermero es realizar acciones educativas y administrativas, además de elaborar programas. En cuanto a su formación esta debe enfatizar la importancia de la epidemiología para ser aplicada a la práctica profesional. Se concluye que el enfermero orientado a esa función deberá proveer de técnicas de prevención y promoción de la salud procurando una mejor calidad de vida para la comunidad y que en la formación de este deberá desarrollar habilidades técnicas y conocimiento para controlar las endemias. Endemia refere-se à doença habitualmente presente entre os membros de um determinado grupo, em uma determinada área, presente em uma população definida. O problema de estudo foi reconhecer como o enfermeiro atua no controle das endemias? O objetivo é identificar a atuação do enfermeiro no controle de endemias e discutir a formação profissional do enfermeiro para atuar no controle das endemias. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo e bibliográfico, realizado na base de dados da BVS (BDENF e, LILACS) e na biblioteca da COC (FIOCRUZ). Após a coleta dos dados realizou-se a pré-leitura, a leitura seletiva, a interpretativa e a análise textual. Emergiram as categorias: o papel do enfermeiro no controle das endemias, e a formação profissional do enfermeiro e o controle das endemias. Os resultados: o papel do enfermeiro é realizar ações educativas e administrativas, além de elaborar programas. Quanto sua formação esta deve enfatizar a importância da epidemiologia para ser aplicada à prática profissional. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro voltado para essa função deverá prover de técnicas de prevenção e promoção da saúde, visando uma melhor qualidade de vida para a comunidade e que na formação deste deverá desenvolver habilidades técnicas e conhecimento para controlar as endemias. Endemic refers to the disease usually present among the members of a particular group in a given area, that is, present in a specific population. The study problem is: how do nurses operate in the control of endemic diseases? The goal is to identify the role of a nurse in the control of endemic diseases and discuss the training of nurses to operate in the control of endemic diseases. A descriptive, exploratory, qualitative and bibliographic study using the database of the BVS (BDENF, and LILACS) and the COC library (Fiocruz). After collecting data, pre-reading, selective reading, interpretative reading and textual analysis were carried out. The following categories emerged: The role of nurses in the control of endemic diseases, and the professional training of nurses and control of endemic diseases. Results: the role of nurses is to carry out educational and administrative activities, besides elaborating educational programs. When it comes to their training, the epidemic importance to be applied to practical experience should be emphasized. It is concluded that the nurse in charge of this area should provide techniques of prevention and promotion of health, aimed at a better quality of life for the community and that in professional training, the nurse should develop technical abilities and knowledge to control endemics.