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1. Pharmacological Inhibition of Factor XIIa Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Reduces Atherosclerosis, and Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques

Author

Alex Bobik, Yung-Chih Chen, Maria Wallert, Hamid Hosseini, Angela Huang, Maria Tk Zaldivia, Amy K Searle, Ana Maluenda, Peter Kanellakis, Mark Biondo, Con Panousis, Xiaowei Wang, James D. McFadyen, Jonathan Noonan, Hadi Lioe, Karlheinz Peter, Marc W. Nolte, and Paolo Rossato

Subjects
Male, medicine.drug_class, Factor XIIa, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Monoclonal antibody, Mice, Apolipoproteins E, Renin–angiotensin system, medicine, Animals, business.industry, Fibrous cap, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Hematology, Atherosclerosis, medicine.disease, Isotype, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Abdominal aortic aneurysm, Disease Models, Animal, Stenosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.symptom, business, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Abstract

Background 3F7 is a monoclonal antibody targeting the enzymatic pocket of activated factor XII (FXIIa), thereby inhibiting its catalytic activity. Given the emerging role of FXIIa in promoting thromboinflammation, along with its apparent redundancy for hemostasis, the selective inhibition of FXIIa represents a novel and highly attractive approach targeting pathogenic processes that cause thromboinflammation-driven cardiovascular diseases. Methods The effects of FXIIa inhibition were investigated using three distinct mouse models of cardiovascular disease—angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), an ApoE−/− model of atherosclerosis, and a tandem stenosis model of atherosclerotic plaque instability. 3F7 or its isotype control, BM4, was administered to mice (10 mg/kg) on alternate days for 4 to 8 weeks, depending on the experimental model. Mice were examined for the development and size of AAAs, or the burden and instability of atherosclerosis and associated markers of inflammation. Results Inhibition of FXIIa resulted in a reduced incidence of larger AAAs, with less acute aortic ruptures and an associated fibro-protective phenotype. FXIIa inhibition also decreased stable atherosclerotic plaque burden and achieved plaque stabilization associated with increased deposition of fibrous structures, a >2-fold thicker fibrous cap, increased cap-to-core ratio, and reduction in localized and systemic inflammatory markers. Conclusion Inhibition of FXIIa attenuates disease severity across three mouse models of thromboinflammation-driven cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, the FXIIa-inhibiting monoclonal antibody 3F7 reduces AAA severity, inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, and stabilizes vulnerable plaques. Ultimately, clinical trials in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as AAA and atherosclerosis are warranted to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of FXIIa inhibition.

Published
2021

2. COVID-19 in Russia: Clinical and Immunological Features of the First-Wave Patients

Author

Bobik, T. V., Kostin, N. N., Skryabin, G. A., Tsabai, P. N., Simonova, M. A., Knorre, V. D., Stratienko, O. N., Aleshenko, N. L., Vorobiev, I. I., Khurs, E. N., Mokrushina, Yu. A., Smirnov, I. V., Alekhin, A. I., Nikitin, A. E., and Gabibov, A. G.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Epitope, Serology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigen, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Seroconversion, Molecular Biology, Coronavirus, biology, business.industry, Immunogenicity, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody subclasses, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Viral pneumonia, Immunology, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, serological analysis of patients with COVID-19, Antibody, business, Research Article, Biotechnology
Abstract

The coronavirus disease outbreak in 2019 (COVID-19) has now achieved the level of a global pandemic and affected more than 100 million people on all five continents and caused over 2 million deaths. Russia is, needless to say, among the countries affected by SARS-CoV-2, and its health authorities have mobilized significant efforts and resources to fight the disease. The paper presents the result of a functional analysis of 155 patients in the Moscow Region who were examined at the Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences during the first wave of the pandemic (FebruaryJuly, 2020). The inclusion criteria were a positive PCR test and typical, computed tomographic findings of viral pneumonia in the form of ground-glass opacities. A clinical correlation analysis was performed in four groups of patients: (1) those who were not on mechanical ventilation, (2) those who were on mechanical ventilation, and (3) those who subsequently recovered or (4) died. The correlation analysis also considered confounding comorbidities (diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, etc.). The immunological status of the patients was examined (levels of immunoglobulins of the M, A, G classes and their subclasses, as well as the total immunoglobulin level) using an original SARS-CoV-2 antibody ELISA kit. The ELISA kit was developed using linear S-protein RBD-SD1 and NTD fragments, as well as the N-protein, as antigens. These antigens were produced in the prokaryotic E. coli system. Recombinant RBD produced in the eukaryotic CHO system (RBD CHO) was used as an antigen representing conformational RBD epitopes. The immunoglobulin A level was found to be the earliest serological criterion for the development of a SARS-CoV-2 infection and it yielded the best sensitivity and diagnostic significance of ELISA compared to that of class M immunoglobulin. We demonstrated that the seroconversion rate of early N-protein-specific IgM and IgA antibodies is comparable to that of antibodies specific to RBD conformational epitopes. At the same time, seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein-specific class G immunoglobulins was significantly faster compared to that of other specific antibodies. Our findings suggest that the strong immunogenicity of the RBD fragment is for the most part associated with its conformational epitopes, while the linear RBD and NTD epitopes have the least immunogenicity. An analysis of the occurrence rate of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins of different classes revealed that RBD- and N-specific antibodies should be evaluated in parallel to improve the sensitivity of ELISA. An analysis of the immunoglobulin subclass distribution in sera of seropositive patients revealed uniform induction of N-protein-specific IgG subclasses G1G4 and IgA subclasses A1A2 in groups of patients with varying severity of COVID-19. In the case of the S-protein, G1, G3, and A1 were the main subclasses of antibodies involved in the immune response.

Published
2021

3. Alarmin-activated B cells accelerate murine atherosclerosis after myocardial infarction via plasma cell-immunoglobulin-dependent mechanisms

Author

Karlheinz Peter, Alex L. Huang, Axel Kallies, Paula Loveland, Alex Bobik, Anh Cao, Peter Kanellakis, Tin Kyaw, and Ban-Hock Toh

Subjects
Mice, Knockout, ApoE, Plasma Cells, Myocardial Infarction, Spleen, Inflammation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Plasma cell, Immunoglobulin G, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, medicine, Alarmins, Animals, Receptor, 030304 developmental biology, B-Lymphocytes, 0303 health sciences, biology, business.industry, Germinal center, Atherosclerosis, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, Cancer research, medicine.symptom, Antibody, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Aims Myocardial infarction (MI) accelerates atherosclerosis and greatly increases the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events for many years, in particular, strokes and MIs. Because B cell-derived autoantibodies produced in response to MI also persist for years, we investigated the role of B cells in adaptive immune responses to MI. Methods and results We used an apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mouse model of MI-accelerated atherosclerosis to assess the importance of B cells. One week after inducing MI in atherosclerotic mice, we depleted B cells using an anti-CD20 antibody. This treatment prevented subsequent immunoglobulin G accumulation in plaques and MI-induced accelerated atherosclerosis. In gain of function experiments, we purified spleen B cells from mice 1 week after inducing MI and transferred these cells into atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice, which greatly increased immunoglobulin G (IgG) accumulation in plaque and accelerated atherosclerosis. These B cells expressed many cytokines that promote humoural immunity and in addition, they formed germinal centres within the spleen where they differentiated into antibody-producing plasma cells. Specifically deleting Blimp-1 in B cells, the transcriptional regulator that drives their terminal differentiation into antibody-producing plasma cells prevented MI-accelerated atherosclerosis. Alarmins released from infarcted hearts were responsible for activating B cells via toll-like receptors and deleting MyD88, the canonical adaptor protein for inflammatory signalling downstream of toll-like receptors, prevented B-cell activation and MI-accelerated atherosclerosis. Conclusion Our data implicate early B-cell activation and autoantibodies as a central cause for accelerated atherosclerosis post-MI and identifies novel therapeutic strategies towards preventing recurrent cardiovascular events such as MI and stroke.

Published
2020

4. Comparison of the pharmacological properties of 0.375% bupivacaine with epinephrine, 0.5% ropivacaine and a mixture of bupivacaine with epinephrine and lignocaine – a randomized prospective study

Author

Paulina Świrydo, Wojciech Radziwon, Juliusz Kosel, Igor Czaban, Piotr Bobik, and Marcin Tałałaj

Subjects
Male, Epinephrine, medicine.drug_class, 030230 surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Ropivacaine, Prospective Studies, Anesthetics, Local, Brachial plexus block, Bupivacaine, business.industry, Local anesthetic, Lidocaine, Middle Aged, Brachial Plexus Block, Blockade, Drug Combinations, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pharmacodynamics, Anesthesia, Female, Surgery, business, Brachial plexus, medicine.drug
Abstract

One of the methods of anesthesia for orthopedic and plastic procedures for the upper limb is the brachial plexus block. The aim of the study was to compare the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of three commonly used local anesthetic solutions used for axillary brachial plexus blockade. Sixty patients scheduled for surgery of the upper limb were enrolled for the study. 3 different local anesthetic solutions: 0.375% bupivacaine with epinephrine (group B), 0.5% ropivacaine (group R) and a mixture of 0.5% bupivacaine with epinephrine and 2% lignocaine in a 1:1 ratio (group BL) were used to anesthesia. The study assessed the delay time of sensory and motor blockade and the duration of sensory and motor anesthesia of the operated limb. There were no significant differences in the onset of sensory block between the study groups. In the BL group, the onset of the motor block was significantly shorter than in group B and group R. The duration of the sensory and motor blockade was significantly longer in group B and group R than in the group BL. The solution of 0.375% bupivacaine with epinephrine and 0.5% ropivacaine used for axillary brachial plexus anesthesia provide the same level of the block. Addition of short acting local anesthetic - lignocaine to long acting bupivacaine decreases the time to onset of motor blockade, but also shortens the duration of the sensory and motor blockade in the post-operative period, compared to long acting local anesthetics of higher potency: bupivacaine with epinephrine or ropivacaine.

Published
2020

5. The Mini-EUSO telescope on board the International Space Station: Launch and first results

Author

Casolino, M., Barghini, D., Battisti, M., Belov, A., Bertaina, M., Bisconti, F., Blaksley, C., Bolmgren, K., Cafagna, F., Cambiè, G., Capel, F., Ebisuzaki, T., Fenu, F., Franceschi, A., Fuglesang, C., Golzio, A., Gorodetzki, P., Kajino, F., Kasuga, H., Klimov, P., Kungel, V., Manfrin, M., Marcelli, L., Marszał, W., Miyamoto, H., Mignone, M., Napolitano, T., Osteria, G., Parizot, E., Picozza, P., Piotrowski, L. W., Plebaniak, Z., Prévôt, G., Reali, E., Ricci, M., Sakaki, N., Shinozaki, K., Szabelski, J., Takizawa, Y., Wada, S., Wiencke, L., Abdellaoui, G., Abe, S., Adams, Jr, J.H., Allard, D., Alonso, G., Anchordoqui, L., Anzalone, A., Arnone, E., Asano, K., Attallah, R., Attoui, H., Ave Pernas, M., Bagheri, M., Baláz, J., Bakiri, M., Bartocci, S., Bayer, J., Beldjilali, B., Belenguer, T., Belkhalfa, N., Bellotti, R., Belov, A. A., Benmessai, K., Bertone, P. F., Biermann, P. L., Blanc, N., Blin-Bondil, S., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bozzo, E., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Caballero, K. S., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J.-N., Caramete, A., Caramete, L., Carlson, P., Caruso, R., Cassardo, C., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Cellino, A., Černý, K., Chikawa, M., Chiritoi, G., Christl, M. J., Colalillo, R., Conti, L., Cotto, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Creusot, A., Castro Gónzalez, A. de, Taille, C. de la, Peral, L. del, Diaz Damian, A., Diesing, R., Dinaucourt, P., Djakonow, A., Djemil, T., Ebersoldt, A., Eliasson, L., Eser, J., Fernández-González, S., Ferrarese, S., Filippatos, G., Finch, W. I., Fornaro, C., Fouka, M., Franchini, S., Fujii, T., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., García-Ortega, E., Gardiol, D., Garipov, G. K., Gascón, E., Gazda, E., Genci, J., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Green, A., Guarino, F., Guépin, C., Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Hulett, L., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Isgrò, F., Itow, Y., Jammer, T., Jeong, S., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jochum, J., Kajino, T., Kalli, S., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Kasztelan, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Kedadra, A., Khales, H., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J.-S., Kim, S.-W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Krizmanic, J. F., Królik, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lahmar, H., Lakhdari, F., Licandro, J., López Campano, L., López Martínez, F., Mackovjak, S., Mahdi, M., Mandát, D., Marcos, J. L., Martín, Y., Martinez, O., Mase, K., Matev, R., Matthews, J. N., Mebarki, N., Medina-Tanco, G., Menshikov, A., Merino, A., Mese, M., Meseguer, J., Meyer, S. S., Mimouni, J., Mizumoto, Y., Monaco, A., Ríos, J. A. M. de los, Mastafa, M., Nagataki, S., Naitamor, S., Nachtman, J. M., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Onel, Y., Otte, A. N., Pagliaro, A., Painter, W., Panasyuk, M. I., Panico, B., Park, I. H., Pastircak, B., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pérez-Grande, I., Perfetto, F., Peter, T., Pindado, S., Piraino, S., Pollini, A., Popescu, E. M., Prevete, R., Prieto, H., Przybylak, M., Puehlhofer, G., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reno, M. H., Reyes, M., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Romero Matamala, O. F., Ronga, F., Sabau, M. D., Saccá, G., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Sahnoune, Z., Saito, A., Salazar, H., Sanchez Balanzar, J. C., Sánchez, J. L., Santangelo, A., Sanz-Andrés, A., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O. A., Sarazin, F., Sato, M., Scagliola, A., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Schovánek, P., Scotti, V., Serra, M., Sharakin, S. A., Shimizu, H. M., Shirahama, T., Soriano, J. F., Sotgiu, A., Stan, I., Strharský, I., Sugiyama, N., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takeda, M., Talai, M. C., Tameda, Y., Tenzer, C., Thomas, S. B., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L. G., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Traïche, M., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Turriziani, S., Uchihori, Y., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés-Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, L., Vankova-Kirilova, G., Venters, T. M., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., Ballmoos, P. von, Vrabel, M., Watanabe, J., Watts, Jr, J., Weigand Muñoz, R., Weindl, A., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Winn, D., Yamamoto, T., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zgura, I. S., Zotov, M. Yu, Zuccaro Marchi, A., and JEM-EUSO Collaboration

Subjects
Telescope, On board, Engineering, business.industry, law, Physics, International Space Station, ddc:530, Aerospace engineering, business, law.invention
Abstract

Mini-EUSO is a telescope launched on board the International Space Station in 2019 and currently located in the Russian section of the station. Main scientific objectives of the mission are the search for nuclearites and Strange Quark Matter, the study of atmospheric phenomena such as Transient Luminous Events, meteors and meteoroids, the observation of sea bioluminescence and of artificial satellites and man-made space debris. It is also capable of observing Extensive Air Showers generated by Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays with an energy above 10$^{21}$ eV and detect artificial showers generated with lasers from the ground. Mini-EUSO can map the night-time Earth in the UV range (290 - 430 nm), with a spatial resolution of about 6.3 km and a temporal resolution of 2.5 μs, observing our planet through a nadir-facing UV-transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module. The instrument, launched on 2019/08/22 from the Baikonur cosmodrome is based on an optical system employing two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface composed of 36 Multi-Anode Photomultiplier tubes, 64 channels each, for a total of 2304 channels with single photon counting sensitivity and an overall field of view of 44°. Mini-EUSO also contains two ancillary cameras to complement measurements in the near infrared and visible ranges. In this paper we describe the detector and present the various phenomena observed in the first year of operation.

Published
2022

6. Assessment of different markers of ovarian reserve in women with papillary thyroid cancer treated with radioactive iodine

Author

Janusz Myśliwiec, Marcin Adamski, Adam Kretowski, Paulina Tomczuk-Bobik, Piotr Szumowski, Łukasz Żukowski, Anna Popławska-Kita, Angelika Buczyńska, Monika Zbucka-Kretowska, Agnieszka Adamska, and Katarzyna Siewko

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, Papillary thyroid cancer, ovarian reserve, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Internal Medicine, medicine, AMH, Ovarian reserve, Thyroid cancer, Inhibin b, business.industry, Research, Serum concentration, medicine.disease, Antral follicle, RC648-665, PTC, RAI, Radioactive iodine, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Hormone
Abstract

Treatment with radioactive iodine (RAI) in women with differentiated thyroid cancer is associated with decreased serum concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH); however, other markers have not been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of RAI treatment on antral follicle count (AFC) and the serum concentration of inhibin B, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and AMH in women with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) treated with RAI. We examined 25 women at a median age of 33 years treated with a single dose of RAI. We divided the participants into women over (n = 11) and under 35 years of age (n = 14). Serum concentrations of inhibin B, FSH, AMH, and AFC were assessed at baseline and 1 year after RAI treatment. We found decreased AFC (P = 0.03), serum levels of AMH (P < 0.01), inhibin B (P = 0.03), but not FSH (P = 0.23), 1 year after RAI treatment in comparison to baseline in the whole group. When we compared serum levels of AMH in younger vs older women separately, we observed a significant reduction of this hormone’s serum level after RAI treatment in both groups (P < 0.01; P = 0.04, respectively). We concluded that RAI treatment significantly impacts the functional ovarian reserve in premenopausal women with PTC.

Published
2021

7. Epitope-Specific Response of Human Milk Immunoglobulins in COVID-19 Recovered Women

Author

Julia A. Kosolapova, Gennadiy T. Sukhikh, Polina N. Tsabai, George A. Skryabin, Evgeniya V. Inviyaeva, M. A. Simonova, V. D. Knorre, Lyubov V. Krechetova, T. V. Bobik, Evgeniya Polushkina, Anna V. Levadnaya, Ivan V. Smirnov, Valentina V. Vtorushina, Ulyana L. Petrova, Alexander G. Gabibov, N. N. Kostin, Roman G. Shmakov, and Yuliana A. Mokrushina

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), receptor-binding domain (RBD), breastfeeding, medicine.medical_treatment, Breastfeeding, Passive immunity, Epitope, class M immunoglobulins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood serum, Antigen, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Molecular Biology, Pregnancy, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Communication, human milk, class A immunoglobulins, class G immunoglobulins, medicine.disease, N-protein, S-protein, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, passive immunity, Immunology, biology.protein, Medicine, Antibody, business
Abstract

The breastfeeding of infants by mothers who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 has become a dramatic healthcare problem. The WHO recommends that infected women should not abandon breastfeeding; however, there is still the risk of contact transmission. Convalescent donor milk may provide a defense against the aforementioned issue and can eliminate the consequences of artificial feeding. Therefore, it is vital to characterize the epitope-specific immunological landscape of human milk from women who recovered from COVID-19. We carried out a comprehensive ELISA-based analysis of blood serum and human milk from maternity patients who had recovered from COVID-19 at different trimesters of pregnancy. It was found that patients predominantly contained SARS-CoV-2 N-protein-specific immunoglobulins and had manifested the antibodies for all the antigens tested in a protein-specific and time-dependent manner. Women who recovered from COVID-19 at trimester I–II showed a noticeable decrease in the number of milk samples with sIgA specific to the N-protein, linear NTD, and RBD-SD1 epitopes, and showed an increase in samples with RBD conformation-dependent sIgA. S-antigens were found to solely induce a sIgA1 response, whereas N-protein sIgA1 and sIgA2 subclasses were involved in 100% and 33% of cases. Overall, the antibody immunological landscape of convalescent donor milk suggests that it may be a potential defense agent against COVID-19 for infants, conferring them with a passive immunity.

Published
2021

9. Recurrent tetany in the course of metabolic alkalosis in patient with short bowel syndrome

Author

Monika Ogrodowczyk-Bobik, Dariusz Kajdaniuk, Agata Urbanek, Szymon Janyga, Klaudyna Borucka, and Bodgan Marek

Subjects
Short Bowel Syndrome, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Tetany, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Metabolic alkalosis, Alkalosis, Short bowel syndrome, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, medicine, Humans, In patient, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Not required for Clinical Vignette.

Published
2021

10. Bilateral testicular infarction as a complication of acute cardiovascular diseases

Author

Dariusz Kajdaniuk, Bogdan Marek, Franciszek Mazur, Klaudyna Borucka, Monika Ogrodowczyk-Bobik, Tomasz Miś, Szymon Janyga, and Agata Urbanek

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cardiogenic shock, Myocardial Infarction, Shock, Cardiogenic, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Coronary artery bypass surgery, Endocrinology, Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Internal medicine, Acute Disease, Cardiology, Humans, Medicine, Testicular infarction, Myocardial infarction, Complication, business
Abstract

The paper presents the case of a 59-year-old man with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism in the course of bilateral testicular infarction, which was most likely caused by a drop in system blood pressure in the course of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction or thrombosis of the iliac arteries, which appeared on the second day after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Published
2021

11. The tandem stenosis mouse model: Towards understanding, imaging, and preventing atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture

Author

Alex Bobik, Karlheinz Peter, and Jonathan Noonan

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, Plaque instability, Inflammation, Constriction, Pathologic, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, In patient, Cardiovascular mortality, Pharmacology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Stenosis, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.symptom, Ligation, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaques is the major cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Despite significant limitations in our understanding and ability to identify unstable plaque pathology and prevent plaque rupture, most atherosclerosis research utilises preclinical animal models exhibiting stable atherosclerosis. Here, we introduce the tandem stenosis (TS) mouse model that reflects plaque instability and rupture, as seen in patients. The TS model involves dual ligation of the right carotid artery, leading to locally predefined unstable atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolaemic mice. It exhibits key characteristics of human unstable plaques, including plaque rupture, luminal thrombosis, intraplaque haemorrhage, large necrotic cores, thin or ruptured fibrous caps and extensive immune cell accumulation. Altogether, the TS model represents an ideal preclinical tool for improving our understanding of human plaque instability and rupture, for the development of imaging technologies to identify unstable plaques, and for the development and testing of plaque-stabilising treatments for the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular disease research (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.5/issuetoc.

Published
2020

12. The Cobalamin-Dependent Gene Cluster of Listeria monocytogenes: Implications for Virulence, Stress Response, and Food Safety

Author

Justin M. Anast, Thomas A. Bobik, and Stephan Schmitz-Esser

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), 2-propanediol, ethanolamine, Operon, Firmicutes, lcsh:QR1-502, Virulence, Review, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Rli47, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, stress survival, Listeria monocytogenes, Gene cluster, medicine, cobalamin, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, biology.organism_classification, Food safety, virulence, food safety, Listeria, business
Abstract

Several genes of the eut, pdu, and cob/cbi operons are responsible for the metabolism of ethanolamine (EA) and 1,2-propanediol (PD) and are essential during the pathogenic lifecycles of various enteric pathogens. Studies concerning EA and PD metabolism have primarily focused on bacterial genera from the family Enterobacteriaceae, especially the genus Salmonella. Listeria monocytogenes is a member of the Firmicutes phylum and is the causative agent of the rare but highly fatal foodborne disease listeriosis. The eut, pdu, and cob/cbi operons are organized as a single large locus collectively referred to as the cobalamin-dependent gene cluster (CDGC). The CDGC is well conserved in L. monocytogenes; however, functional characterization of the genes in this cluster and how they may contribute to Listeria virulence and stress tolerance in food production environments is highly limited. Previous work suggests that the degradation pathway of PD is essential for L. monocytogenes establishment in the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast, EA metabolism may be more important during intracellular replication. Other studies indicate that the CDGC is utilized when L. monocytogenes is exposed to food and food production relevant stress conditions. Perhaps most noteworthy, L. monocytogenes exhibits attenuated growth at cold temperatures when a key EA utilization pathway gene was deleted. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of these pathways in L. monocytogenes and their significance in virulence and stress tolerance, especially considering recent developments.

Published
2020

13. Evolving BAFF targeted therapies for preventing acute myocardial infarctions and ischemic strokes

Author

Ban-Hock Toh, Alex Bobik, and Tin Kyaw

Subjects
Pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Ischemic strokes, Clinical Biochemistry, Myocardial Infarction, medicine.disease, Atherosclerosis, Coronary heart disease, Internal medicine, Drug Discovery, Ischemic stroke, B-Cell Activating Factor, medicine, Cardiology, Molecular Medicine, Animals, Humans, Myocardial infarction, Molecular Targeted Therapy, business, B-cell activating factor, Ischemic Stroke
Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the most common underlying cause of coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease and responsible for 17.5 million deaths annually [1]. An early localized build-up of choles...

Published
2020

14. First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere

Author

G. Abdellaoui, S. Abe, J.H. Adams Jr., A. Ahriche, D. Allard, L. Allen, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, Y. Arai, K. Asano, R. Attallah, H. Attoui, M. Ave Pernas, S. Bacholle, M. Bakiri, P. Baragatti, P. Barrillon, S. Bartocci, J. Bayer, B. Beldjilali, T. Belenguer, N. Belkhalfa, R. Bellotti, A. Belov, K. Belov, K. Benmessai, M. Bertaina, P.L. Biermann, S. Biktemerova, F. Bisconti, N. Blanc, J. Błȩcki, S. Blin-Bondil, P. Bobik, M. Bogomilov, E. Bozzo, A. Bruno, K.S. Caballero, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, J-N. Capdevielle, F. Capel, A. Caramete, L. Caramete, P. Carlson, R. Caruso, M. Casolino, C. Cassardo, A. Castellina, C. Catalano, O. Catalano, A. Cellino, M. Chikawa, G. Chiritoi, M.J. Christl, V. Connaughton, L. Conti, G. Cordero, G. Cotto, H.J. Crawford, R. Cremonini, S. Csorna, A. Cummings, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. De Donato, C. de la Taille, C. De Santis, L. del Peral, M. Di Martino, A. Diaz Damian, T. Djemil, I. Dutan, A. Ebersoldt, T. Ebisuzaki, R. Engel, J. Eser, F. Fenu, S. Fernández-González, J. Fernández-Soriano, S. Ferrarese, M. Flamini, C. Fornaro, M. Fouka, A. Franceschi, S. Franchini, C. Fuglesang, T. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, M. Fukushima, P. Galeotti, E. García-Ortega, G. Garipov, E. Gascón, J. Genci, G. Giraudo, C. González Alvarado, P. Gorodetzky, R. Greg, F. Guarino, A. Guzmán, Y. Hachisu, M. Haiduc, B. Harlov, A. Haungs, J. Hernández Carretero, W. Hidber Cruz, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, S. Inoue, F. Isgrò, Y. Itow, T. Jammer, S. Jeong, E. Joven, E.G. Judd, A. Jung, J. Jochum, F. Kajino, T. Kajino, S. Kalli, I. Kaneko, Y. Karadzhov, J. Karczmarczyk, K. Katahira, K. Kawai, Y. Kawasaki, A. Kedadra, H. Khales, B.A. Khrenov, Jeong-Sook Kim, Soon-Wook Kim, M. Kleifges, P.A. Klimov, D. Kolev, H. Krantz, I. Kreykenbohm, K. Kudela, Y. Kurihara, A. Kusenko, E. Kuznetsov, A. La Barbera, C. Lachaud, H. Lahmar, F. Lakhdari, R. Larson, O. Larsson, J. Lee, J. Licandro, L. López Campano, M.C. Maccarone, S. Mackovjak, M. Mahdi, D. Maravilla, L. Marcelli, J.L. Marcos, A. Marini, W. Marszał, K. Martens, Y. Martín, O. Martinez, M. Martucci, G. Masciantonio, K. Mase, M. Mastafa, R. Matev, J.N. Matthews, N. Mebarki, G. Medina-Tanco, M.A. Mendoza, A. Menshikov, A. Merino, J. Meseguer, S.S. Meyer, J. Mimouni, H. Miyamoto, Y. Mizumoto, A. Monaco, J.A. Morales de los Ríos, C. Moretto, S. Nagataki, S. Naitamor, T. Napolitano, W. Naslund, R. Nava, A. Neronov, K. Nomoto, T. Nonaka, T. Ogawa, S. Ogio, H. Ohmori, A.V. Olinto, P. Orleański, G. Osteria, A. Pagliaro, W. Painter, M.I. Panasyuk, B. Panico, G. Pasqualino, E. Parizot, I.H. Park, B. Pastircak, T. Patzak, T. Paul, I. Pérez-Grande, F. Perfetto, T. Peter, P. Picozza, S. Pindado, L.W. Piotrowski, S. Piraino, L. Placidi, Z. Plebaniak, S. Pliego, A. Pollini, Z. Polonski, E.M. Popescu, P. Prat, G. Prévôt, H. Prieto, G. Puehlhofer, M. Putis, J. Rabanal, A.A. Radu, M. Reyes, M. Rezazadeh, M. Ricci, M.D. Rodríguez Frías, M. Rodencal, F. Ronga, G. Roudil, I. Rusinov, M. Rybczyński, M.D. Sabau, G. Sáez Cano, H. Sagawa, Z. Sahnoune, A. Saito, N. Sakaki, H. Salazar, J.C. Sanchez Balanzar, J.L. Sánchez, A. Santangelo, A. Sanz-Andrés, M. Sanz Palomino, O. Saprykin, F. Sarazin, M. Sato, T. Schanz, H. Schieler, V. Scotti, S. Selmane, D. Semikoz, M. Serra, S. Sharakin, H.M. Shimizu, K. Shinozaki, T. Shirahama, B. Spataro, I. Stan, T. Sugiyama, D. Supanitsky, M. Suzuki, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, N. Tajima, T. Tajima, Y. Takahashi, H. Takami, M. Takeda, Y. Takizawa, M.C. Talai, C. Tenzer, S.B. Thomas, O. Tibolla, L. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, N. Tone, S. Toscano, M. Traïche, R. Tsenov, Y. Tsunesada, K. Tsuno, J. Tubbs, S. Turriziani, Y. Uchihori, O. Vaduvescu, J.F. Valdés-Galicia, P. Vallania, G. Vankova, C. Vigorito, L. Villaseñor, B. Vlcek, P. von Ballmoos, M. Vrabel, S. Wada, J. Watanabe, J. Watts Jr., M. Weber, R. Weigand Muñoz, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, M. Wille, J. Wilms, Z. Włodarczyk, T. Yamamoto, J. Yang, H. Yano, I.V. Yashin, D. Yonetoku, S. Yoshida, R. Young, I.S Zgura, M.Yu. Zotov, A. Zuccaro Marchi, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), JEM-EUSO, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdellaoui, G., Abe, S., Adams, J., Ahriche, A., Allard, D., Allen, L., Alonso, G., Anchordoqui, L., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Attallah, R., Attoui, H., Ave Pernas, M., Bacholle, S., Bakiri, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Bartocci, S., Bayer, J., Beldjilali, B., Belenguer, T., Belkhalfa, N., Bellotti, R., Belov, A., Belov, K., Belz, J. W., Benmessai, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Bisconti, F., Blanc, N., Blecki, J., Blin-Bondil, S., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bozzo, E., Bruno, A., Caballero, K. S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J-N., Capel, F., Caramete, A., Caramete, L., Carlson, P., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Chiritoi, G., Christl, M. J., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Cotto, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Cummings, A., Dagoret-Campagne, S., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Di Martino, M., Djemil, T., Dutan, I., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Eser, J., Fenu, F., Fernández-González, S., Fernández-Soriano, J., Ferrarese, S., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Fouka, M., Franceschi, A., Franchini, S., Fuglesang, C., Fujii, T., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., García-Ortega, E., Garipov, G., Gascón, E., Genci, J., Giraudo, G., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Greg, R., Guarino, F., Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Haiduc, M., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Hidber Cruz, W., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Isgrò, F., Itow, Y., Jammer, T., Jeong, S., Joven, E., Judd, E., Jung, A., Jochum, J., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kalli, S., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Kedadra, A., Khales, H., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, Jeong-Sook, Kim, Soon-Wook, Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Krantz, H., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., La Barbera, A., Lachaud, C., Lahmar, H., Lakhdari, F., Larsson, O., Lee, J., Licandro, J., López Campano, L., Maccarone, M. C., Mackovjak, S., Mahdi, M., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marcos, J., Marini, A., Marszal, W., Martens, K., Martín, Y., Martinez, O., Martucci, M., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Mustafa, M., Matev, R., Matthews, J., Mebarki, N., Medina-Tanco, G., Mendoza, M. A., Menshikov, A., Merino, A., Meseguer, J., Meyer, S. S., Mimouni, J., Miyamoto, H., Mizumoto, Y., Monaco, A., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Nagataki, S., Naitamor, S., Napolitano, T., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Pagliaro, A., Painter, W., Panasyuk, M. I., Panico, B., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pérez-Grande, I., Perfetto, F., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pindado, S., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Placidi, L., Plebaniak, Z., Pliego, S., Pollini, A., Polonski, Z., Popescu, E. M., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Puehlhofer, G., Putis, M., Rabanal, J., Radu, A. A., Reyes, M., Rezazadeh, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Sahnoune, Z., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Salazar, H., Sanchez Balanzar, J. C., Sánchez, J. L., Santangelo, A., Sanz-Andrés, A., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shimizu, H. M., Shin, H. S., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Sokolsky, P., Spataro, B., Stan, I., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Talai, M. C., Tameda, Y., Tenzer, C., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Traïche, M., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tubbs, J., Turriziani, S., Uchihori, Y., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés-Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., von Ballmoos, P., Vrabel, M., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weigand Muñoz, R., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zgura, I. S., Zotov, M. Yu., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
visible and IR photons, Balloon instrumentation, Detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, Lasers, Space instrumentation, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Laser, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Aeronáutica, Atmosphere, Xenon, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Detectors for UV, Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Autres mathématiques, Speed of light (cellular automaton), 3. Good health, Pathfinder, chemistry, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Detectors for UV, visible and IR photon
Abstract

EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder mission for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It was launched on the moonless night of the 25th of August 2014 from Timmins, Canada. The flight ended successfully after maintaining the target altitude of 38 km for five hours. One part of the mission was a 2.5 hour underflight using a helicopter equipped with three UV light sources (LED, xenon flasher and laser) to perform an inflight calibration and examine the detectors capability to measure tracks moving at the speed of light. We describe the helicopter laser system and details of the underflight as well as how the laser tracks were recorded and found in the data. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. Finally, we present a first reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks relative to the detector., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2018

15. The aging process and function of endocrine glands

Author

Joanna Wierzbicka-Chmiel, Dariusz Kajdaniuk, Anna Marek, Bogdan Marek, Szymon Janyga, Joanna Tarabura-Dragon, Monika Ogrodowczyk-Bobik, Łukasz Nych, Aleksandra Ewa Kazimierczak, and Halina Borgiel-Marek

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, business.industry, Internal medicine, Thyroid hormones, medicine, Endocrine system, General Medicine, business, Process (anatomy), Function (biology), Endocrine gland
Abstract

Starzenie społeczeństw staje się największym wyzwaniem medycznym XXI w. Organizm osób w podeszłym wieku wykazuje obniżoną umiejętność przystosowywania się do zmiennych warunków środowiska zewnętrznego i wewnętrznego. Starzenie to proces złożony i znacznie rozciągnięty w czasie. Wraz z wiekiem dochodzi do postępujących zmian w ustroju, w tym do zmian w układzie endokrynnym. Zmiany te nie są jednokierunkowe i nie dotyczą w równym stopniu wszystkich gruczołów dokrewnych. Wydzielanie części hormonów ulega upośledzeniu, innych zwiększa się, są również takie, których wydzielanie nie ulega zmianie. Ze względu na częste współistnienie chorób przewlekłych i przyjmowanie wielu leków interpretacja wyników badań dotyczących zmian hormonalnych u osób w wieku podeszłym jest trudna. W niniejszym opracowaniu uwagę skupiono na zmianach związanych z wiekiem w wydzielaniu hormonu wzrostu, hormonów tarczycy, przytarczyc i nadnerczy.

Published
2017

16. Opposing roles of B lymphocyte subsets in atherosclerosis

Author

Alex Bobik, Peter G. Tipping, Tin Kyaw, and Ban-Hock Toh

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Lymphoid Tissue, Immunology, Cell, Antigen presentation, B-Lymphocyte Subsets, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, BAFF receptor, B cell, CD20, Antigen Presentation, biology, business.industry, Atherosclerosis, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Antibody Formation, biology.protein, Cytokines, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Antibody, business
Abstract

Atherosclerosis is initiated by cholesterol entry into arteries that triggers chronic immune-inflammatory lesions in the vessels. Early lesions are clinically insignificant but advanced complex lesions and vulnerable rupture prone lesions impact on quality of life and can be life threatening. Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions initiates thrombotic occlusion of vital arteries precipitating heart attacks and strokes that remain major killers globally despite therapeutic use of statins to lower blood cholesterol levels. Conventional B2 cells are proatherogenic whereas peritoneal Bla cells are atheroprotective. Depletion of B2 cells by administration of mAb to CD20 or to BAFF receptor or in BAFF receptor-deficient mice ameliorates atherosclerosis. B2 cells may promote atherosclerosis by production of IgG, secretion of proinflammatory cytokine TNFα and activation of CD4 T cells. Together these B2 cell mechanisms contribute to generation of rupture-prone vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques characterised by large necrotic cores. In contrast, peritoneal Bla cells protect against atherosclerosis by secretion of natural IgM that scavenges apoptotic cells and oxidised LDL and reduces necrotic cores in atherosclerotic lesions. These atheroprotective effects can be further increased by stimulating Bla cells by administration of apoptotic cells, liposomes of phosphatidylserine abundant on surfaces of apoptotic cell, by mAb to TIM1, a phosphatidylserine receptor expressed by B1a cells and by TLR4-MyD88 activation. Experimental studies of atherosclerosis in mouse models indicate that reductions in atherogenic B2 cells and/or activation of atheroprotective B1a cells protects against atherosclerosis development, findings which have potential for clinical translation to reduce risks of deaths from heart attacks and strokes.

Published
2017

17. Platelet-Targeted Delivery of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to the Ischemic Heart Restores Cardiac Function after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Author

F Klingberg, Alex Bobik, Karlheinz Peter, Xiao-Jun Du, Dexing Huang, Xiao-Ming Gao, Helen Kiriazis, Ching, Bock Lim, Melanie Ziegler, Jody J. Haigh, Xiaowei Wang, Ingo Ahrens, Christoph E. Hagemeyer, Ephraem Leitner, and Yu Yao

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, Cell therapy, 0302 clinical medicine, cell delivery, Cricetinae, Leukocytes, Platelet, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Ventricular Remodeling, 3. Good health, myocardial infarction, Heart Function Tests, Cytokines, Stem cell, Research Paper, Blood Platelets, regenerative cell therapy, Ischemia, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Myocardial Reperfusion Injury, CHO Cells, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, cell tracking, 03 medical and health sciences, Cricetulus, Cell Adhesion, medicine, Animals, Humans, Platelet activation, Ventricular remodeling, targeting, Inflammation, business.industry, Myocardium, PBMC, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, single-chain antibody, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Immunology, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, business, Reperfusion injury, Single-Chain Antibodies
Abstract

One of the major hurdles in intravenous regenerative cell therapy is the low homing efficiency to the area where these cells are needed. To increase cell homing toward areas of myocardial damage, we developed a bispecific tandem single-chain antibody (Tand-scFvSca-1+GPIIb/IIIa) that binds with high affinity to activated platelets via the activated glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa receptor, and to a subset of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which express the stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) receptor. Methods: The Tand-scFvSca-1+GPIIb/IIIa was engineered, characterized and tested in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury applying left coronary artery occlusion for 60 min. Fluorescence cell tracking, cell infiltration studies, echocardiographic and histological analyses were performed. Results: Treatment of mice undergoing myocardial infarction with targeted-PBMCs led to successful cell delivery to the ischemic-reperfused myocardium, followed by a significant decrease in infiltration of inflammatory cells. Homing of targeted-PBMCs as shown by fluorescence cell tracking ultimately decreased fibrosis, increased capillary density, and restored cardiac function 4 weeks after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conclusion: Tand-scFvSca-1+GPIIb/IIIa is a promising candidate to enhance therapeutic cell delivery in order to promote myocardial regeneration and thereby preventing heart failure.

Published
2017

18. P1625A pivotal role for cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in development of cardiac fibrosis

Author

Tin Kyaw, Alex Bobik, Peter Kanellakis, and Ban-Hock Toh

Subjects
Cardiac fibrosis, business.industry, Cancer research, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Abstract

Background/Introduction Pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis increases myocardial stiffness leading to reductions in cardiac performances and cardiac failure. CD8+ T cells have been shown to accumulate during development of fibrosis but their role has not been defined. Purpose We examined the role and significance of CD8+ T cells in development of cardiac fibrosis. Methods Trans-aortic constriction (TAC) or 2-kidney-1-clip (2K1C) procedures were used to generate pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice. Rat anti-mouse CD8β (lyt-3) monoclonal antibody (clone YTS 156.7) was used to deplete CD8+ T cells. A mixed bone marrow chimera strategy was used to specifically delete innate receptor Natural Killer Group 2D (NKG2D) or cytotoxin perforin from CD8+ T cells. Results Depleting CD8+ T cells in mice subjected to TAC or 2K1C-renal hypertension attenuated left ventricular fibrosis by 93% and 84% without affecting blood pressure. In TAC mice this was associated with a 68% reduction in apoptotic cardiomyocytes, a 74% reduction in macrophage accumulation, a 65% reduction in TGF-beta positive cells and a 95% reduction in TGF-beta positive macrophages, whilst CD4+ T cells were unaffected. Cardiomyocytes in regions of developing cardiac fibrosis contained cytoplasmic DNA and expressed the NKG2D ligand, Rae-1, indicative of activation of a DNA damage response; CD8+ T cells expressed the NKG2D receptor. Deletion of the NKG2D receptor from CD8+ T cells attenuated cardiac fibrosis by 82%; deletion of cytotoxin perforin has similar effects. Conclusion(s) We conclude that CD8+ T cells contribute to development of cardiac fibrosis by targeting stressed/damaged cardiomyocytes via an NKG2D-Rae-1 cytotoxic mechanism inducing their apoptosis. Macrophages then accumulate in the heart in response to increased numbers of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, clearing the apoptotic cells through engulfment and increasing their expression of the pro-fibrotic factor TGF-beta1. Acknowledgement/Funding The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia

Published
2019

19. Machine Learning Approach for Air Shower Recognition in EUSO-SPB Data

Author

Jan Genci, Pavol Bobik, Michal Vrábel, and Francesca Bisconti

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Event (computing), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Feature extraction, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Near space, Set (abstract data type), Air shower, Nadir, Unsupervised learning, Artificial intelligence, Noise (video), business, computer
Abstract

The main goal of The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon (EUSO-SPB1) was to observe from above extensive air showers caused by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. EUSO-SPB1 uses a fluorescence detector that observes the atmosphere in a nadir observation mode from a near space altitude. During the 12-day flight, an onboard first level trigger detected more than 175 000 candidate events. This paper presents an approach to recognize air showers in this dataset. The approach uses a feature extraction method to create a simpler representation of an event and then it uses established machine learning techniques to classify data into at least two classes - shower and noise. The machine learning models are trained on a set of air shower simulations put on top of the background observed during the flight and a set of events from the flight. We present the efficiency of the method on datasets of simulated events. The flight data events are also used in unsupervised learning methods to identify groups of events with similar features. The presented methods allow us to shorten the candidate events list and, thanks to the groups of similar events identified by the unsupervised methods, the classification of the triggered events is made simpler.

Published
2019

20. Hypoglycaemia in endocrine, diabetic, and internal diseases [Hipoglikemia w schorzeniach endokrynologicznych, diabetologicznych i internistycznych]

Author

Monika Ogrodowczyk-Bobik, Bogdan Marek, Agata Urbanek, Dominika Rokicka, Marta Wróbel, Szymon Janyga, Dariusz Kajdaniuk, Krzysztof Strojek, Halina Borgiel-Marek, and Aleksandra Szymborska-Kajanek

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Behavioral therapy, Hypoglycemia, Endocrine System Diseases, Diabetes Therapy, Diagnosis, Differential, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Endocrine system, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, business.industry, Insulin, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, Oral hypoglycemic agents, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Female, business, Hormone
Abstract

Hypoglycemia is a decrease in blood glucose concentration below the physiological level. It occurs in healthy people and in people with various diseases with inadequate secretion of insulin by β cells, or deficiency of counterregulatory hormones secreted at the moment of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is also associated with diabetes therapy, regardless of whether behavioral therapy, oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin are used. Distinguishing the causes of hypoglycemia is the basis for taking appropriate therapeutic actions that protect patients against subsequent episodes of lowering blood glucose and complications caused by hypoglycemia.

Published
2019

21. Buprenorphine – the unique opioid adjuvant in regional anesthesia

Author

Juliusz Kosel, Michał Tomczyk, and Piotr Bobik

Subjects
medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Anesthesia, General, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesia, Conduction, 030202 anesthesiology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Local anesthesia, Anesthetics, Local, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Intravenous regional anesthesia, business.industry, Local anesthetic, General Medicine, Buprenorphine, Analgesics, Opioid, Clinical trial, Opioid, Regional anesthesia, Anesthesia, business, Adjuvant, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Regional anesthesia techniques are commonly used for many surgical procedures alone or as an addition to general anesthesia, because they offer many advantages over general anesthesia. Unfortunately these techniques are partially limited by the time of action of local anesthetics. One of the methods of overcoming this limitation is adding to the local anesthetic solution additional drug--so called adjuvant. Among many adjuvants to local anesthetic drugs tested so far one seems to be particularly interesting--buprenorphine. The aim of this paper is to present pharmacological background for using buprenorphine for regional anesthesia and to review clinical trials of using buprenorphine for all regional anesthesia techniques: spinal and epidural anesthesia, peripheral nerves blocks, local anesthesia and intravenous regional anesthesia.

Published
2016

22. Obligatory Role for B Cells in the Development of Angiotensin II–Dependent Hypertension

Author

Maggie Lieu, Tin Kyaw, Shalini M Krishnan, Chrishan S. Samuel, Peter G. Tipping, Caitlin Lewis, Michelle M Kett, Karlheinz Peter, Christopher G. Sobey, Tomasz J. Guzik, Ekaterina Salimova, Helena Hyun Ah Kim, Henry Diep, Antony Vinh, Alex Bobik, Christopher T. Chan, Grant R Drummond, Dorota Ferens, and Ban-Hock Toh

Subjects
Adoptive cell transfer, medicine.medical_specialty, Inflammation, Plasma cell, Immunoglobulin G, Mice, Vascular Stiffness, Immune system, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Knockout, B-Lymphocytes, biology, business.industry, Angiotensin II, Antigens, CD20, medicine.disease, Adoptive Transfer, Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic, Disease Models, Animal, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Hypertension, biology.protein, IgG deficiency, medicine.symptom, Antibody, business, Spleen, B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor
Abstract

Clinical hypertension is associated with raised serum IgG antibodies. However, whether antibodies are causative agents in hypertension remains unknown. We investigated whether hypertension in mice is associated with B-cell activation and IgG production and moreover whether B-cell/IgG deficiency affords protection against hypertension and vascular remodeling. Angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion (0.7 mg/kg per day; 28 days) was associated with (1) a 25% increase in the proportion of splenic B cells expressing the activation marker CD86, (2) an 80% increase in splenic plasma cell numbers, (3) a 500% increase in circulating IgG, and (4) marked IgG accumulation in the aortic adventitia. In B-cell–activating factor receptor–deficient (BAFF-R −/− ) mice, which lack mature B cells, there was no evidence of Ang II–induced increases in serum IgG. Furthermore, the hypertensive response to Ang II was attenuated in BAFF-R −/− (Δ30±4 mm Hg) relative to wild-type (Δ41±5 mm Hg) mice, and this response was rescued by B-cell transfer. BAFF-R −/− mice displayed reduced IgG accumulation in the aorta, which was associated with 80% fewer aortic macrophages and a 70% reduction in transforming growth factor-β expression. BAFF-R −/− mice were also protected from Ang II–induced collagen deposition and aortic stiffening (assessed by pulse wave velocity analysis). Finally, like BAFF-R deficiency, pharmacological depletion of B cells with an anti-CD20 antibody attenuated Ang II–induced hypertension by ≈35%. Hence, these studies demonstrate that B cells/IgGs are crucial for the development of Ang II–induced hypertension and vessel remodeling in mice. Thus, B-cell–targeted therapies—currently used for autoimmune diseases—may hold promise as future treatments for hypertension.

Published
2015

23. COVID-19 and Its Impact on Collection and Processing of Cord Blood Units at the Cleveland Cord Blood Center

Author

Mary J. Laughlin, Kim Vincent, Kathy Bobik-Kurz, and Marcie Finney

Subjects
lcsh:R5-920, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), lcsh:Cytology, business.industry, Covid‐19: Cord Blood Bank Collection, Processing, Release, and Administration, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Cell Biology, General Medicine, Virology, Cord blood, Medicine, Center (algebra and category theory), lcsh:QH573-671, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, Developmental Biology
Published
2020

24. Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Resources for Type 1 Diabetes Care among T1D Exchange Centers

Author

Ruth S. Weinstock, Emily Hirschfeld, Kathryn L. Lambert, Sarah Corathers, Ashley Garrity, Craig Bobik, Shivani Agarwal, Alyssa B. Cabrera, Joyce Lee, Avni Shah, and Nicole Rioles

Subjects
American diabetes association, medicine.medical_specialty, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes mellitus, Family medicine, Internal Medicine, Staffing, Medicine, Multidisciplinary team, business, medicine.disease
Abstract

Background: The American Diabetes Association recommends that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) receive care from a multidisciplinary team. We are unaware of studies that have compared staffing resources in pediatric and adult diabetes centers across the United States (U.S.). Methods: In 2015, we performed an environmental scan of staffing resources for centers in the T1D Exchange. Total number of T1D patients and staff full-time equivalent (FTE) for T1D patients were enumerated. Mean staff FTE-patient ratios were calculated and compared within and between pediatric and adult clinics. Results: We collected data on 57 diabetes clinics (38 pediatric, 19 adult) of 77 centers, which collectively cared for 45,873 pediatric and 34,287 adult T1D patients. Staffing ratios did not vary significantly within pediatric or adult clinics. However, upon comparison, adult clinics had approximately half as many staff resources as pediatric clinics, despite having similar volumes of patients (Table 1). Psychologists and social workers were available at 42% of adult vs. 87% of pediatric clinics (p Conclusions: Among specialized T1D centers in the U.S., there are stark disparities in staffing in adult vs. pediatric clinics. The relationship of these resources to outcomes is unknown. Benchmarking may be needed to optimize T1D care for pediatric and adult populations with T1D.Table 1. T1D staff FTE to patient ratios of pediatric vs. adult diabetes clinics in the T1D ExchangeStaffPediatricAdultp-valuesMean RatioSDMean RatioSDPhysician1:1711:931:2181:1160.63Nurse Practitioner1:3471:931:6471:192 Disclosure S. Agarwal: None. E. Hirschfeld: None. A. Garrity: None. A. Shah: None. S. Corathers: None. R.S. Weinstock: Research Support; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Mylan, Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc., Diasome Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Calibra Medical, Dexcom, Inc., Ultradian Diagnostics LLC., JAEB Center For Health Research, JDRF, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. K.L. Lambert: None. C. Bobik: None. A.B. Cabrera: None. N. Rioles: None. J. Lee: Consultant; Self; Unitio.

Published
2018

25. Anti‐TIM‐1 Monoclonal Antibody (RMT1‐10) Attenuates Atherosclerosis By Expanding IgM‐producing B1a Cells

Author

Karlheinz Peter, Anh Cao, Li Yi, Alex Bobik, Peter Kanellakis, Ban-Hock Toh, Tin Kyaw, Hamid Hosseini, and Christopher Tay

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Adoptive cell transfer, Mice, Knockout, ApoE, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Apoptosis, RMT1‐10, Vascular Medicine, Immune tolerance, 0302 clinical medicine, Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1, Aorta, Original Research, B-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, biology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Disease Progression, Antibody, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Signal Transduction, IgM, TIM‐1, Regulatory B cells, Aortic Diseases, Pathophysiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Necrosis, Immune system, Vascular Biology, medicine, Animals, Cell Proliferation, business.industry, Monocyte, Atherosclerosis, Molecular biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, B1a cells, immune system, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Immunoglobulin M, biology.protein, business, CD8, Basic Science Research, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Background Peritoneal B1a cells attenuate atherosclerosis by secreting natural polyclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM). Regulatory B cells expressing T‐cell immunoglobulin mucin domain‐1 ( TIM ‐1) expanded through TIM ‐1 ligation by anti‐ TIM ‐1 monoclonal antibody ( RMT 1‐10) induces immune tolerance. Methods and Results We examined the capacity of RMT 1‐10 to expand peritoneal B1a cells to prevent atherosclerosis development and retard progression of established atherosclerosis. RMT 1‐10 treatment selectively doubled peritoneal B1a cells, tripled TIM ‐1 + B1a cells and increased TIM ‐1 + IgM + interleukin (IL)‐10 + by 3‐fold and TIM ‐1 + IgM + IL‐10 − B1a cells by 2.5‐fold. Similar expansion of B1a B cells was observed in spleens. These effects reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, increased plasma IgM and lesion IgM deposits, and decreased oxidatively modified low‐density lipoproteins in lesions. Lesion CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells, macrophages and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, expression of proinflammatory cytokines monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, IL 1β, apoptotic cell numbers and necrotic cores were also reduced. RMT 1‐10 treatment failed to expand peritoneal B1a cells and reduce atherosclerosis after splenectomy that reduces B1a cells, indicating that these effects are B1a cell‐dependent. Apolipoprotein E‐ KO mice fed a high‐fat diet for 6 weeks before treatment with RMT 1‐10 also increased TIM ‐1 + IgM + IL ‐10 + and TIM ‐1 + IgM + IL ‐10 − B1a cells and IgM levels and attenuated progression of established atherosclerosis. Conclusions RMT 1‐10 treatment attenuates atherosclerosis development and progression by selectively expanding IgM producing atheroprotective B1a cells. Antibody‐based in vivo expansion of B1a cells could be an attractive approach for treating atherosclerosis.

Published
2018

26. Low-level computer vision techniques for processing of extensive air shower track images

Author

Pavol Bobik, Michal Vrábel, and Jan Genci

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Detector, Feature extraction, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Field of view, Image segmentation, Thresholding, Signal-to-noise ratio, Air shower, Computer vision, Segmentation, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract

An extensive air shower can be observed as a bright spot moving through the field of view of an orbital fluorescence detector. A challenging part of the air shower recognition is segmentation of its track. The issues arise from a low signal to noise ratio. This paper provides a short review of selected low-level computer vision techniques such as filtering and thresholding methods, which are for a demonstration applied to a composite simulated air shower image. The article should provide a shortlist of algorithms that can be applied as a part of more complex event classification or reconstruction procedure.

Published
2017

27. Performances of JEM-EUSO: angular reconstruction The JEM-EUSO Collaboration

Author

Roberto Bellotti, P. Baragatti, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, J. N. Albert, Yoshihiko Mizumoto, G. Distratis, Thomas Schanz, James H. Adams, F. Tajima, Livio Conti, Andreas A. Berlind, S. Yoshida, J. Szabelski, T. Murakami, J. Karczmarczyk, A. Zuccaro Marchi, Jörn Wilms, Alberto Cellino, Katsuaki Asano, O. A. Saprykin, I. Kreykenbohm, M. Ave Pernas, R. Nava, D. Kolev, P. Gorodetzky, Tomás Belenguer, Alfonso Monaco, Vladimir Andreev, F. Cafagna, G. Modestino, T. Shibata, Hanna Rothkaehl, E. Joven, Valerie Connaughton, A. Anzalone, N. Sakaki, L. Valore, S. Ahmad, Satoshi Wada, L. R. Wiencke, Rossella Caruso, Piero Vallania, M. D. Sabau, T. Napolitano, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, H. H. Silva Lopez, J. Hernández Carretero, M. Unger, J. Watts, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, T. Ogawa, Taka Tomida, D. Maravilla, Dmitri Semikoz, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, L. G. Tkachev, S. Csorna, A. Ebersoldt, C. Pennypacker, N. Inoue, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, B. Pastircak, P. Picozza, J. Lee, Angela V. Olinto, Fernando López, Graciela B. Gelmini, Pavol Bobik, G. Giraudo, G. Vankova, R. Bechini, P. Prat, H. Sato, C. Lachaud, D. Campana, H. J. Crawford, Andrea Santangelo, M. Rybczyński, J. Bayer, C. De Donato, S. Dagoret-Campagne, M. Wille, Inkyu Park, M. Nagata, Soon-Wook Kim, S. Biktemerova, I. Fernández-Gómez, T. Mernik, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, K. Belov, David B. Cline, C. Catalano, Y. Hachisu, G. Garipov, Y. Arai, Y. Miyazaki, M. Nagano Murakami, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, Y. Uchihori, P. L. Biermann, Yoshitaka Itow, G. Cordero, M. Karus, C. de la Taille, G. Castellinic, Markus Roth, Thomas J. Weiler, K. Katahira, C. González Alvarado, Mark Christl, O. Tibolla, S. Perez Cano, G. Catalano, J. S. Kim, E. G. Judd, Katsuhiko Tsuno, V. S. Morozenko, Fausto Guarino, P. von Ballmoos, M. Ricci, Y. Yamamoto, Susumu Inoue, Dmitry V. Naumov, J.N. Capdevielle, Silvia Ferrarese, Andrii Neronov, Patrick J. Reardon, Domenico Finco, Shigeto Watanabe, Toshiki Tajima, I. Rodríguez, R. Young, K. Kawai, Akinori Saito, M. Sakata, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, Pierre Barrillon, S. Selmane, G. Masciantonio, Hitoshi Ohmori, R. Matev, Yoshiya Kawasaki, Francesco Isgrò, F. Dulucq, N. Tajima, B. Keilhauer, Barbara Szabelska, A. Jung, J. Błȩcki, S. Falk, T. Peter, Hiroyuki Sagawa, T. Shirahama, Yoshiki Tsunesada, I. Rusinov, D. Allard, H. Lim, Frederic Jean Ronga, M. C. Maccarone, T. Paul, K. Yoshida, S. A. Sharakin, M. E. Bertaina, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, M. Sanz Palomino, Shigehiro Nagataki, Jianyi Yang, A. Guzmán, Ken'ichi Nomoto, C. Blaksley, H. Ikeda, M. Putis, G. Medina-Tanco, A. Sobey, Ke Fang, M. I. Panasyuk, Maxim Gonchar, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, M. Dupieux, A. Haungs, S. Piraino, Piotr Orleanski, C. De Santis, L. Villaseñor, H. Tokuno, G. Sáez-Cano, J. Geary, Javier Licandro, N. De Simone, L. Santiago Crúz, Y. Karadzhov, Hajime Takami, Yoshimasa Kurihara, H. Schieler, Mitsuteru Sato, Masaki Fukushima, M. Suzuki, R. Tsenov, T. Pierog, J. Watanabe, Valentina Scotti, A. Dell’Oro, H. Prieto, M. Takeda, Toshitaka Kajino, R. Cremonini, T. Nakamura, A. Pollini, Pavel Klimov, M. Di Martino, K. Higashide, C. Moretto, P. Galeotti, A. Marini, Marcos Reyes, G. Osteria, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, C. Tenzer, M. Serra, T. Sugiyama, Tadeusz Wibig, Luis A. Anchordoqui, T. Batsch, S. Sánchez, N. Tone, G. Roudil, Daisuke Yonetoku, I. Kaneko, B. Harlov, Carlo Vigorito, M. Yu. Zotov, K. Kudela, Susana Briz, Toshiyuki Nonaka, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, Z. Plebaniak, J. Blümer, Michiyuki Chikawa, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, Hajime Yano, N. Blanc, S. Blin-Bondil, Massimiliano Bonamente, E. Kuznetsov, Alexander Kusenko, K. Słomińska, Guillaume Prévôt, J. Fujimoto, M. Bogomilov, Ralph Engel, Frederic Trillaud, B. Mot, Yukihiro Takahashi, F. Kajino, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, H. W. Park, Z. Włodarczyk, Simona Toscano, I. V. Yashin, L. Marcelli, Kenji Shinozaki, A. Bruno, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, A. J. de Castro, T. Patzak, B. A. Khrenov, H. Miyamoto, O. Martinez, K. Mase, Francesco Fenu, D. Ikeda, F. Sarazin, Marc Weber, D. Supanitsky, Shoichi Ogio, M. Flamini, Y. Takizawa, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blümer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., López, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sánchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Ciencias Físicas, Frame (networking), Detector, JEM-EUSO, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Astronomy and Astrophysic, Angular reconstruction, Astronomía, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, International Space Station, Pattern recognition (psychology), Angular resolution, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Aerospace engineering, business, Energy (signal processing), CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Mounted on the International Space Station(ISS), the Extreme UniverseSpace Observatory, on-board the Japanese Experimental Module (JEM-EUSO),relies on the well established fluorescence technique to observe Extensive Air Showers (EAS) developing in the earth?s atmosphere. Focusing on the detection of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) in the decade of 10 20 eV, JEM-EUSO will face new challenges by applying this technique from space. The EUSO Simulation and Analysis Framework (ESAF) has been developed in this context to provide a full end-to-end simulation frame, and assess the overall performance of the detector.Within ESAF, angular reconstruction can be separated into two conceptually different steps. The first step is pattern recognition, or filtering, of the signal to separate it from the background. The second step is to perform different types of fitting in order to search for the relevant geometrical parameters that best describe the previously selected signal. In this paper, we discuss some of the techniques we haveimplemented in ESAF to perform the geometrical reconstruction of EAS seen by JEM-EUSO. We also conduct thorough tests to assess the performances of these techniques in conditions which are relevant to the scope of the JEM-EUSO mission. We conclude by showing the expected angular resolution in the energy range that JEM-EUSO is expected to observe. Fil: Adams, J. H.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Ahmad, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Albert, J. N.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Allard, D.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Anchordoqui, L.. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, V.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Anzalone, A.. INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo; Italia Fil: Arai, Y.. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Japón Fil: Asano, K.. Tokyo Institute of Technology; Japón Fil: Ave Pernas, M.. Universidad de Alcala (UAH); España Fil: Barrillon, P.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Batsch, T.. National Centre for Nuclear Research; Polonia Fil: Bayer, J.. University of Tübingen; Alemania Fil: Bechini, R.. Universita’ di Torino; Italia Fil: Belenguer, T.. Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ; España Fil: Bellotti, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Belov, K.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Berlind, A. A.. Vanderbilt University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bertaina, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Biermann, P. L.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Alemania Fil: Biktemerova, S.. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Rusia Fil: Blaksley, C.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Blanc, N.. Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology; Suiza Fil: Blecki, J.. Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Polonia Fil: Blin-bondil, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Blumer, J.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Alemania Fil: Bobik, P.. Institute of Experimental Physics; Eslovaquia Fil: Bogomilov, M.. University of Sofia; Bulgaria Fil: Bonamente, M.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina Fil: Guzman, A.. Institut f ur Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen; Alemania Fil: Mernik, T.. Institut fur Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen; Alemania Fil: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration.

Published
2015

28. Clostridium Difficile Colonization and Disease in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Author

Mark Weiss, Jackrapong Bruminhent, Ubaldo Martinez Outschoorn, John L. Wagner, Matthew Carabasi, Neal Flomenberg, Scott W. Keith, Joanne Filicko-O'Hara, Sarah E. Hegarty, Margaret Kasner, Carol Hu, Phyllis Flomenberg, Richard Sunday, Brent Bobik, Seyfettin Onder Alpdogan, and Zi-Xuan Wang

Subjects
Male, Colonization, medicine.medical_specialty, Transplantation Conditioning, medicine.medical_treatment, Clostridium difficile toxin A, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Clostridium difficile infection, medicine, Humans, Typing, Transplantation, Clostridioides difficile, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Odds ratio, Hematology, Middle Aged, Clostridium difficile, Immunology, Clostridium Infections, Multilocus sequence typing, Female, business
Abstract

s There was an increase in the Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rate in our bone marrow transplantation unit. To evaluate the role of unit-based transmission, C. difficile screening was performed on adult patients admitted for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) over a 2-year period, and C. difficile isolates were typed. C. difficile testing was performed using a 2-step C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase antigen plus toxin A/B enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and cytotoxin assay (or molecular toxin assay). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on toxin-positive whole stool samples. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with a positive toxin assay. Sixteen of 150 patients (10.7%) had toxigenic C. difficile colonization (CDC) on admission. The overall incidence of CDI within 100 days after HSCT was 24.7% (37 of 150). The median time to diagnosis of CDI was 3.5 days after HSCT. In an adjusted logistic regression model, CDC on admission was a significant risk factor for CDI (odds ratio, 68.5; 95% confidence interval, 11.4 to 416.2). MLST on 22 unit patient toxin-positive stool specimens revealed 15 distinct strain types. Further analysis identified at least 1 potential cross-transmission event; some events may have been missed because of incomplete typing from other specimens. Despite aggressive infection control interventions, there was no decline in the number of CDI cases during the study period. These data suggest that prior CDC plays a major role in CDI rates in this high-risk patient population. It remains unclear if CDI was cross-transmitted in the unit.

Published
2014
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29. Zapalenie Płuc i Inne Infekcje Związane z Wentylacją Mechaniczną

Author

Piotr Bobik and Andrzej Siemiątkowski

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Mechanical ventilation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Respiratory infection, Lung injury, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, law.invention, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Pneumonia, law, medicine, Breathing, business, Intensive care medicine
Abstract

One of the fundamental elements of therapy in patients hospitalised in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is mechanical ventilation (MV). MV enables sufficient gas exchange in patients with severe respiratory insufficiency, thus preserving the proper functioning of organs and systems. However, clinical and experimental studies show that mechanical ventilation may cause severe complications, e.g. lung injury (VALI, VILI), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and, on rare occasions, multiple organ failure (MOF). Mechanical ventilation and especially endotracheal intubation are associated also with higher risk of infectious complications of the respiratory system: ventilator-associated respiratory infection (VARI) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The complications of the MV listed above have a significant influence on the length of treatment and also on the increase of the costs of therapy and mortality of patients who stay in an ICU. These negative effects of supported breathing are the reasons for intensive research to find new biological markers of inflammation and lung injury, more sensitive and specific diagnostic instruments, more effective methods of therapy, and programs of prevention. The purpose of this article is the presentation of current knowledge concerning VAP-related infections, to allow pulmonologists and general practitioners to become more familiar with the problem. Basic and the most important data concerning the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, microbiology, diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of VAP have been included. Additionally, ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) was discussed.

Published
2014

30. Feature Extraction Methods in JEM-EUSO Experiment

Author

Michal Vrábel, M. Putis, B. Pastirčák, Jozef Vasilko, Jan Genci, and Pavol Bobik

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Detector, Feature extraction, Pattern recognition, Hough transform, law.invention, Data flow diagram, law, Pattern recognition (psychology), Hough space, False positive paradox, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract

The article summarizes activities and results regarding pattern recognition for the JEM-EUSO experiment done by Slovak group of JEM-EUSO collaboration. The activities include estimation of trigger probability of false positives and reconstruction of simulated UHECR showers in UV background using Euso Simulation and Analysis Framework (ESAF). The Hough transform-based techniques are presented as methods to find UHCER showers in the JEM-EUSO detector recorded data. Additionally, the article describes structure and data flow of the framework.

Published
2016

31. SERUM LEVEL OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR DURING PREGNANCY AND ALLELIC POLYMORPHISM OF rs2010963 VEGF GENE IN WOMEN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN THE FETUS

Author

O. B. Bobik, E. B. Shargorodska, A. Y. Malakhova, I. E. Gaibonyuk, and G. V. Makukh

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Fetus, Pregnancy, biology, business.industry, VEGF receptors, medicine.disease, Vascular endothelial growth factor, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, chemistry, Internal medicine, biology.protein, medicine, Allelic polymorphism, business, Gene
Published
2019

32. Calibration aspects of the JEM-EUSO mission

Author

Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, C. De Santis, H. Tokuno, Katsuaki Asano, Alfonso Monaco, M. Rybczyński, Alberto Cellino, R. Tsenov, Taka Tomida, H. Sato, P. Baragatti, Gali Garipov, A. Pollini, Pavel Klimov, G. Cordero, L. R. Wiencke, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, Barbara Szabelska, David B. Cline, Yoshimasa Kurihara, H. Schieler, Mitsuteru Sato, Silvia Ferrarese, M. Di Martino, G. Giraudo, A. Marini, T. Peter, Satoshi Wada, R. Matev, T. Ogawa, E. G. Judd, G. Catalano, Katsuhiko Tsuno, G. Osteria, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, C. Lachaud, M. I. Panasyuk, B. A. Khrenov, H. Miyamoto, M. Suzuki, S. Dagoret-Campagne, D. Campana, Valentina Scotti, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, M. Ave Pernas, S. Falk, Graciela B. Gelmini, Y. Hachisu, Inkyu Park, F. Dulucq, Angela V. Olinto, Y. Arai, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, Massimiliano Bonamente, Y. Yamamoto, Francesco Isgrò, A. Guzmán, B. Keilhauer, J. N. Albert, Dmitri Semikoz, Pierre Barrillon, Sergei A. Sharakin, Y. Miyazaki, Thomas Schanz, J. Geary, Y. Karadzhov, Roberto Bellotti, R. Young, J. Watts, M. Sakata, Yoshitaka Itow, Andreas A. Berlind, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, E. Kuznetsov, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, C. Pennypacker, Frederic Jean Ronga, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Z. Plebaniak, James H. Adams, B. Pastircak, N. De Simone, J. Blümer, M. Putis, Mark Christl, O. Tibolla, Livio Conti, P. Prat, L. Villaseñor, A. Zuccaro Marchi, P. L. Biermann, T. Mernik, I. Kreykenbohm, H. Ikeda, M. Flamini, Vladimir Andreev, F. Tajima, Michiyuki Chikawa, J. Hernández Carretero, P. Gorodetzky, I. Rusinov, I. Fernández-Gómez, A. Sobey, Ralph Engel, Yoshihiko Mizumoto, M. Unger, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, Alexander Kusenko, Thomas J. Weiler, C. Blaksley, G. Sáez-Cano, Y. Takizawa, M. Wille, Jörn Wilms, D. Kolev, I. V. Yashin, S. Perez Cano, M. Nagano Murakami, Y. Uchihori, M. Karus, O. A. Saprykin, S. Ahmad, T. Shibata, L. Marcelli, K. Słomińska, Marcos Reyes, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, L. G. Tkachev, Domenico Finco, T. Murakami, Kenji Shinozaki, J. Karczmarczyk, R. Bechini, M. Serra, N. Inoue, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Ke Fang, J. Błȩcki, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, S. Sánchez, Pavol Bobik, Valerie Connaughton, H. H. Silva Lopez, S. Csorna, T. Batsch, A. Bruno, G. Vankova, Frederic Trillaud, Hiroyuki Sagawa, K. Mase, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, A. J. de Castro, D. Maravilla, H. Lim, K. Kawai, Akinori Saito, S. Biktemerova, Francesco Fenu, M. C. Maccarone, Shigeto Watanabe, T. Patzak, I. Kaneko, Hajime Yano, Z. Włodarczyk, Piero Vallania, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, M. D. Sabau, M. Dupieux, Tomás Belenguer, Hanna Rothkaehl, Maxim Gonchar, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, G. Distratis, D. Supanitsky, Susumu Inoue, D. Ikeda, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, C. González Alvarado, N. Tone, F. Sarazin, Simona Toscano, J. Bayer, A. Ebersoldt, S. Selmane, Marc Weber, Daisuke Yonetoku, F. Cafagna, G. Modestino, E. Joven, Shoichi Ogio, P. Picozza, J. Lee, Guillaume Prévôt, S. Yoshida, J. Szabelski, C. de la Taille, M. Yu. Zotov, A. Jung, Javier Licandro, Susana Briz, A. Anzalone, T. Napolitano, H. J. Crawford, Yoshiki Tsunesada, T. Paul, K. Katahira, K. Yoshida, O. Martinez, B. Mot, Yukihiro Takahashi, N. Blanc, G. Castellinic, Markus Roth, R. Nava, Hajime Takami, M. Bogomilov, N. Sakaki, Patrick J. Reardon, T. Pierog, J. Watanabe, Toshiki Tajima, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, Fausto Guarino, P. von Ballmoos, M. Ricci, L. Valore, Masaki Fukushima, M. Sanz Palomino, T. Nakamura, G. Medina-Tanco, M. Takeda, K. Belov, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, C. Catalano, Rossella Caruso, F. Kajino, G. Masciantonio, Hitoshi Ohmori, Yoshiya Kawasaki, I. Rodríguez, H. W. Park, T. Shirahama, D. Allard, M. E. Bertaina, Piotr Orleanski, C. De Donato, Soon-Wook Kim, Ken'ichi Nomoto, J. S. Kim, V. S. Morozenko, A. Haungs, S. Piraino, J. Fujimoto, S. Blin-Bondil, L. Santiago Crúz, H. Prieto, R. Cremonini, Jianyi Yang, M. Nagata, Dmitry V. Naumov, J.N. Capdevielle, Andrii Neronov, G. Roudil, B. Harlov, Carlo Vigorito, K. Kudela, N. Tajima, Shigehiro Nagataki, A. Dell’Oro, Toshitaka Kajino, K. Higashide, C. Moretto, P. Galeotti, C. Tenzer, T. Sugiyama, Tadeusz Wibig, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blã¼mer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmã¡n, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., Lã³pez, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prã©vã´t, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodrã­guez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sã¡nchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseã±or, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Photon, Ciencias Físicas, JEM-EUSO, Phase (waves), Air-Shower fluorescence telescope, Calibration, Space-Based experiment, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, computer science, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Transmittance, observations and techniques, space-based experiment, Remote sensing, Physics, business.industry, Detector, air-shower fluorescence telescope, Albedo, Astronomy and Astrophysic, calibration, chemistry and earth sciences, Air-Shower fluorescence telescope, JEM-EUSO, Calibration, Space-Based experiment, Astronomía, astronomy, statistics for engineering, Focal surface, business, physics, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

he JEM-EUSO telescope will be, after calibration, a very accurate instrument which yields the number of received photons from the number of measured photo-electrons. The project is in phase A (demonstration of the concept) including already operating prototype instruments, i.e. many parts of the instrument have been constructed and tested. Calibration is a crucial part of the instrument and its use. The focal surface (FS) of the JEM-EUSO telescope will consist of about 5000 photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs), which have to be well calibrated to reach the required accuracy in reconstructing the air-shower parameters. The optics system consists of 3 plastic Fresnel (double-sided) lenses of 2.5 m diameter. Theaim of the calibration system is to measure the efficiencies (transmittances) of the optics and absolute efficiencies of the entire focal surface detector. The system consists of 3 main components: (i) Pre-flight calibration devices on ground, where the efficiency and gain of the PMTs will be measured absolutely and also the transmittance of the optics will be. (ii) On-board relative calibration system applying twomethods: a) operating during the day when the JEM-EUSO lid will be closed with small light sources on board. b) operating during the night, together with data taking: the monitoring of the background rate over identical sites. (iii) Absolute in-flight calibration, again, applying two methods: a) measurement of the moon light, reflected on high altitude, high albedo clouds. b) measurements of calibrated flashes and tracks produced by the Global Light System (GLS). Some details of each calibration method will be described in this paper. Fil: Adams, J. H.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Ahmad, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Albert, J. N.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Allard, D.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Anchordoqui, L.. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, V.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Anzalone, A.. INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo; Italia Fil: Arai, Y.. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japón Fil: Asano, K.. Tokyo Institute of Technology; Japón Fil: Ave Pernas, M.. Universidad de Alcala (UAH); España Fil: Barrillon, P.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Batsch, T.. National Centre for Nuclear Research; Polonia Fil: Bayer, J.. University of Tubingen; Alemania Fil: Bechini, R.. Universita’ di Torino; Italia Fil: Belenguer, T.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA); España Fil: Bellotti, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Belov, K.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Berlind, A. A.. Vanderbilt University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bertaina, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Biermann, P. L.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Alemania Fil: Biktemerova, S.. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Rusia Fil: Blaksley, C.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Blanc. N.. Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM); Suiza Fil: Blecki, J.. Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK); Polonia Fil: Blin-Bondil, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Blumer, J.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Alemania Fil: Bobik, P.. Institute of Experimental Physics; Eslovaquia Fil: Bogomilov, M.. University of Sofia; Bulgaria Fil: Bonamente, M.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina Fil: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration.

Published
2015

33. The JEM-EUSO observation in cloudy conditions

Author

J. Fujimoto, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, C. De Santis, H. Tokuno, A. Anzalone, B. Mot, T. Napolitano, P. L. Biermann, F. Tajima, Andrii Neronov, I. Rusinov, Toshiyuki Nonaka, J. Watts, R. Tsenov, Yukihiro Takahashi, P. Gorodetzky, Piero Vallania, M. D. Sabau, T. Shibata, Jianyi Yang, C. Pennypacker, B. Pastircak, Javier Licandro, A. Pollini, Pavel Klimov, P. Prat, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, Alberto Cellino, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, I. Fernández-Gómez, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, M. Di Martino, A. Marini, G. Osteria, J. N. Albert, Alfonso Monaco, N. Blanc, J. Bayer, B. A. Khrenov, Andreas A. Berlind, M. Wille, M. Nagano Murakami, Y. Uchihori, Thomas Schanz, R. Bechini, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, M. Karus, Marcos Reyes, L. R. Wiencke, Katsuaki Asano, Taka Tomida, Dmitri Semikoz, H. Miyamoto, C. de la Taille, K. Katahira, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, C. De Donato, D. Kolev, Z. Plebaniak, Domenico Finco, S. Blin-Bondil, Soon-Wook Kim, J. Blümer, Livio Conti, G. Giraudo, Valerie Connaughton, H. H. Silva Lopez, L. Santiago Crúz, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, Shigeto Watanabe, Patrick J. Reardon, Toshiki Tajima, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, Michiyuki Chikawa, S. Sánchez, K. Belov, C. Catalano, Hiroyuki Sagawa, J. S. Kim, T. Pierog, M. Flamini, A. Zuccaro Marchi, V. S. Morozenko, J. Watanabe, M. Takeda, Ralph Engel, Jörn Wilms, Y. Karadzhov, G. Catalano, F. Dulucq, G. Roudil, R. Young, G. Masciantonio, Hitoshi Ohmori, M. Sakata, Yoshiya Kawasaki, H. Prieto, R. Cremonini, Satoshi Wada, M. Serra, T. Mernik, B. Harlov, T. Ogawa, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Carlo Vigorito, Y. Takizawa, O. A. Saprykin, T. Batsch, Yoshitaka Itow, Hajime Yano, K. Kudela, P. Baragatti, Z. Włodarczyk, Frederic Trillaud, D. Allard, M. E. Bertaina, S. Falk, Francesco Isgrò, J. Błȩcki, I. Kaneko, Angela V. Olinto, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, Thomas J. Weiler, B. Keilhauer, S. Perez Cano, H. Lim, Maxim Gonchar, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, M. Putis, M. C. Maccarone, A. Sobey, Ken'ichi Nomoto, Barbara Szabelska, T. Peter, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, I. V. Yashin, Frederic Jean Ronga, A. Ebersoldt, N. Tone, L. Marcelli, N. Tajima, Shigehiro Nagataki, D. Maravilla, A. Haungs, Simona Toscano, S. Piraino, Daisuke Yonetoku, Gali Garipov, M. Nagata, Kenji Shinozaki, R. Nava, K. Kawai, S. Selmane, N. Sakaki, Akinori Saito, H. Ikeda, A. Bruno, M. Yu. Zotov, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, A. J. de Castro, Yoshiki Tsunesada, M. I. Panasyuk, Dmitry V. Naumov, L. Valore, Rossella Caruso, Massimiliano Bonamente, Susana Briz, J.N. Capdevielle, Hajime Takami, E. Kuznetsov, G. Distratis, Masaki Fukushima, T. Nakamura, O. Martinez, I. Rodríguez, T. Patzak, A. Dell’Oro, Toshitaka Kajino, C. Lachaud, S. Dagoret-Campagne, T. Shirahama, K. Higashide, C. Moretto, P. Galeotti, C. Tenzer, F. Cafagna, G. Modestino, E. Joven, T. Sugiyama, Tadeusz Wibig, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, K. Mase, Alexander Kusenko, Francesco Fenu, Piotr Orleanski, K. Słomińska, Guillaume Prévôt, C. González Alvarado, C. Blaksley, D. Campana, Ke Fang, D. Ikeda, Inkyu Park, D. Supanitsky, F. Sarazin, Marc Weber, M. Bogomilov, Y. Miyazaki, M. Dupieux, F. Kajino, Shoichi Ogio, Mark Christl, O. Tibolla, M. Sanz Palomino, H. W. Park, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, L. G. Tkachev, S. Csorna, G. Vankova, S. Biktemerova, Silvia Ferrarese, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, G. Castellinic, S. Yoshida, J. Szabelski, Markus Roth, Fausto Guarino, P. von Ballmoos, M. Ricci, Yoshihiko Mizumoto, T. Murakami, J. Karczmarczyk, M. Ave Pernas, M. Suzuki, Hanna Rothkaehl, P. Picozza, J. Lee, J. Hernández Carretero, Valentina Scotti, M. Unger, Graciela B. Gelmini, Y. Hachisu, Y. Arai, Y. Yamamoto, N. Inoue, Pierre Barrillon, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, Pavol Bobik, Sergei A. Sharakin, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, Susumu Inoue, Yoshimasa Kurihara, H. Schieler, A. Jung, Mitsuteru Sato, T. Paul, K. Yoshida, G. Medina-Tanco, H. Sato, J. Geary, N. De Simone, David B. Cline, E. G. Judd, Katsuhiko Tsuno, A. Guzmán, L. Villaseñor, Roberto Bellotti, G. Sáez-Cano, M. Rybczyński, James H. Adams, I. Kreykenbohm, Vladimir Andreev, G. Cordero, S. Ahmad, R. Matev, Tomás Belenguer, H. J. Crawford, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blümer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., López, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sánchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Ciencias Físicas, Extensive air shower, JEM-EUSO, Cloud computing, Ultra-high energy cosmic ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, International Space Station, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Optical depth, Remote sensing, Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astronomía, Air shower, JEM-EUSO, Ultra-high energy cosmic ray, Extensive air shower, Physics::Space Physics, Orbit (dynamics), Satellite, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

注記: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288名 [所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS) 池田, 博一; 鈴木, 睦; 矢野, 創], Accepted: 2014-02-26, Note: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288members [Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS) Ikeda, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Makoto; Yano, Hajime], 資料番号: SA1150234000

Published
2015

34. Ground-based tests of JEM-EUSO components at the Telescope Array site, 'EUSO-TA'

Author

Hiroyuki Sagawa, A. Bruno, M. Rybczyński, Alfonso Monaco, G. Cordero, N. Tone, O. Martinez, C. Tenzer, L. Tkachev, Y. Uchihori, E. Kuznetsov, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, K. Nomoto, I. Kreykenbohm, Maxim Gonchar, R. Matev, T. Mernik, G. Catalano, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, A. Anzalone, T. Batsch, Roberto Bellotti, K. Mannheim, M. Serra, M. Yu. Zotov, Susana Briz, Satoshi Wada, T. Ogawa, C. De Santis, S. Blin-Bondil, Y. Kawasaki, R. Young, N. Inoue, K. Higashide, I. V. Yashin, T. Tajima, J. Bayer, T. Nonaka, Angela V. Olinto, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, A. Pollini, Pavel Klimov, M. Di Martino, S. Falk, V. Andreev, G. Giraudo, T. Kajino, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, F. Tajima, R. Tsenov, J. Yang, D. Cline, A. Dell’Oro, I. Kaneko, B. Szabelska, G. Medina-Tanco, F. Guarino, F. Ronga, D. Yonetoku, T. Wibig, T. Napolitano, S. Nagataki, Tomás Belenguer, J. Blümer, S. Watanabe, P. Orleański, G. Masciantonio, Silvia Ferrarese, Mitsuteru Sato, H. Tokuno, H. Schieler, A. J. de Castro, M. Fukushima, Z. Plebaniak, M. J. Christl, R. Bechini, A. Insolia, J. Błȩcki, I. Rodríguez, H. Lim, M. C. Maccarone, B. Keilhauer, J. N. Capdevielle, L. Santiago Crúz, L. Wiencke, J. Watts, C. Pennypacker, C. González Alvarado, G. Osteria, M. I. Panasyuk, P. L. Biermann, H. Sato, M. Nagano Murakami, T. Sugiyama, L. Anchordoqui, I. H. Park, B. Pastircak, K. Asano, A. Guzman, S. Ogio, Francesco Isgrò, J. Fujimoto, B. A. Khrenov, H. Miyamoto, F. Kajino, I. Rusinov, Frederic Trillaud, G. Modestino, P. Reardon, M. Chikawa, L. Valore, P. Vallania, A. Jung, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, A. Marini, H. Ikeda, G. Prévôt, H. J. Crawford, D. Supanitsky, S. Perez Cano, M. Suzuki, M. Ricci, K. Shinozaki, N. Tajima, B. Mot, M. Karus, L. Villaseñor, T. Pierog, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, M. Kleifges, C. Moretto, P. Bobik, S. Biktemerova, H. W. Park, T. Paul, F. Dulucq, R. Nava, J. H. Adams, P. Galeotti, Y. Yamamoto, N. Sakaki, K. Tsuno, M. Nagata, Yukihiro Takahashi, M. Bogomilov, K. Belov, S. Sánchez, A. Ebersoldt, E. G. Judd, Domenico Finco, Rossella Caruso, Dmitry V. Naumov, K. Yoshida, M. Weber, Y. Karadzhov, M. Sanz Palomino, D. Allard, P. Barrillon, M. E. Bertaina, E. Joven, G. Distratis, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, Marco Casolino, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, T. Shibata, D. Maravilla, K. Kawai, Y. Kurihara, H. Prieto, S. Csorna, G. Castellinic, Akinori Saito, G. Sáez-Cano, H. Rothkaehl, C. Catalano, Y. Hachisu, Claudio Fornaro, Y. Arai, T. Tomida, Gali Garipov, N. Blanc, H. H. Silva Lopez, C. De Donato, M. D. Sabau, M. Putis, A. Sobey, G. Roudil, D. Semikoz, K. Słomińska, H. Takami, J. Licandro, M. Bonamente, T. Peter, T. Nakamura, P. Gorodetzky, J. S. Kim, V. S. Morozenko, B. Harlov, S. Selmane, Carlo Vigorito, Hajime Yano, K. Kudela, P. Prat, S. Piraino, S. Ahmad, M. Unger, G. Vankova, M. Sakata, A. Neronov, C. Lachaud, S. Dagoret-Campagne, R. Cremonini, M. Reyes, L. Marcelli, Z. Włodarczyk, D. Kolev, J. N. Albert, Thomas Schanz, T. Yamamoto, T. Patzak, I. Fernández-Gómez, F. Cafagna, P. von Ballmoos, G. Gelmini, P. Baragatti, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, M. Ave Pernas, F. Sarazin, Livio Conti, Sergei A. Sharakin, A. Zuccaro Marchi, A. A. Berlind, Jörn Wilms, Simona Toscano, O. A. Saprykin, H. M. Shimizu, J. Geary, V. Scotti, Ke Fang, T. Murakami, N. De Simone, C. de la Taille, K. Katahira, A. Kusenko, J. Karczmarczyk, M. Dupieux, Y. Miyazaki, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, Susumu Inoue, M. S. Briggs, Y. Tsunesada, P. Picozza, H. Salazar, K. Mase, O. Tibolla, J. Hernández Carretero, D. Campana, J. Lee, H. Ohmori, M. Wille, A. Cellino, M. Roth, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, T. Shirahama, S. Yoshida, R. Engel, S. W. Kim, J. Watanabe, M. Takeda, A. Haungs, T. J. Weiler, V. Connaughton, M. Flamini, Y. Takizawa, C. Blaksley, J. Szabelski, Y. Mizumoto, Francesco Fenu, Y. Itow, D. Ikeda, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blümer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., López, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sánchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Ciencias Físicas, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, JEM-EUSO, Telescope array, EUSO-TA, Ultra high energy cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Light source, Optics, law, Calibration, Electronics, Ultra high energy cosmic rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astronomía, Air shower, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

We are conducting tests of optical and electronics components of JEM-EUSO at the Telescope Array site in Utah with a ground-based "EUSO-TA" detector. The tests will include an engineering validation of the detector, cross-calibration of EUSO-TA with the TA fluorescence detector and observations of air shower events. Also, the proximity of the TA?s Electron Light Source will allow for convenient use of this calibration device. In this paper, we report initial results obtained with the EUSO-TA telescope. Fil: Adams, J. H.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Ahmad, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Albert, J. N.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Allard, D.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Anchordoqui, L.. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, V.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Anzalone, A.. INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo; Italia Fil: Arai, Y.. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japón Fil: Asano, K.. Tokyo Institute of Technology; Japón Fil: Ave Pernas, M.. Universidad de Alcala (UAH); España Fil: Barrillon, P.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Batsch, T.. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Rusia Fil: Bayer, J.. University of Tubingen; Alemania Fil: Bechini, R.. Universita’ di Torino; Italia Fil: Belenguer, T.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA); España Fil: Bellotti, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Belov, K.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Berlind, A. A.. Vanderbilt University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bertaina, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Biermann, P. L.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Alemania Fil: Biktemerova, S.. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Rusia Fil: Blaksley, C.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Blanc, N.. Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM); Suiza Fil: Blacki, J.. Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK); Polonia Fil: Blin Bondil, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Blumer, J.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Alemania Fil: Bobik, P.. Institute of Experimental Physics; Eslovaquia Fil: Bogomilov, M.. University of Sofia; Bulgaria Fil: Bonamente, M.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina Fil: Kawasaki, Yoshiya. RIKEN; Japón Fil: Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor. RIKEN; Japón Fil: Kawasaki, Yoshiya. Yoshiya; Japón Fil: Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor. Yoshiya; Japón Fil: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration ·.

Published
2015

35. The infrared camera onboard JEM-EUSO

Author

Gali Garipov, Andreas A. Berlind, D. Kolev, Valerie Connaughton, H. H. Silva Lopez, C. Lachaud, S. Dagoret-Campagne, Patrick J. Reardon, Barbara Szabelska, Toshiki Tajima, T. Peter, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, G. Masciantonio, Hitoshi Ohmori, Yoshiya Kawasaki, Yoshihiko Mizumoto, D. Allard, N. Tajima, Shigehiro Nagataki, Andrii Neronov, J. N. Albert, T. Murakami, M. Di Martino, Thomas Schanz, M. E. Bertaina, A. Marini, Alfonso Monaco, M. I. Panasyuk, J. Karczmarczyk, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, L. G. Tkachev, Ken'ichi Nomoto, S. Csorna, N. Tone, G. Vankova, D. Maravilla, Livio Conti, Daisuke Yonetoku, G. Osteria, A. Zuccaro Marchi, Taka Tomida, S. Biktemerova, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, Tomás Belenguer, T. Shibata, Hanna Rothkaehl, A. Anzalone, T. Napolitano, Jörn Wilms, O. A. Saprykin, M. Yu. Zotov, Y. Karadzhov, T. Tymieniecka, J. Sledd, Piero Vallania, Massimiliano Bonamente, Thomas J. Weiler, M. Flamini, G. Catalano, Katsuaki Asano, S. Perez Cano, Y. Takizawa, Hiroyuki Sagawa, M. Serra, Luis A. Anchordoqui, T. Batsch, Silvia Ferrarese, L. Santiago Crúz, M. D. Sabau, J. Bayer, C. de la Taille, Susana Briz, P. Picozza, J. Lee, Jianyi Yang, K. Katahira, K. Belov, C. Catalano, I. Kaneko, E. Kuznetsov, R. Bechini, Satoshi Wada, I. Rodríguez, T. Shirahama, R. Nava, N. Sakaki, L. Valore, H. Prieto, R. Cremonini, Rossella Caruso, F. Tajima, Alexander Kusenko, S. Falk, T. Ogawa, K. Słomińska, Roberto Bellotti, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Hajime Yano, Angela V. Olinto, K. Mase, K. Kawai, Akinori Saito, H. Ikeda, R. Young, M. Sakata, P. Gorodetzky, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, Piotr Orleanski, C. De Santis, H. Tokuno, Francesco Fenu, James H. Adams, Z. Włodarczyk, Maxim Gonchar, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, Shigeto Watanabe, M. Wille, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, H. J. Crawford, M. Rybczyński, M. Nagano Murakami, S. Selmane, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, Y. Uchihori, G. Cordero, G. Castellinic, Javier Licandro, M. Nagata, Dmitri Semikoz, Markus Roth, F. Dulucq, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, J. Błȩcki, P. L. Biermann, Simona Toscano, D. Ikeda, Dmitry V. Naumov, Z. Plebaniak, S. Yoshida, J. Szabelski, R. Tsenov, Fausto Guarino, I. Rusinov, P. von Ballmoos, M. Ricci, J. Blümer, Guillaume Prévôt, F. Sarazin, J. Watts, J.N. Capdevielle, H. Lim, H. Sato, M. C. Maccarone, C. Pennypacker, A. Pollini, Marc Weber, B. Pastircak, M. Ave Pernas, Pavel Klimov, Michiyuki Chikawa, M. Bogomilov, P. Prat, T. Pierog, J. Watanabe, I. Fernández-Gómez, R. Matev, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, M. Putis, A. Sobey, David B. Cline, Marcos Reyes, M. Takeda, M. Karus, Yoshitaka Itow, O. Martinez, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, F. Kajino, A. Ebersoldt, T. Mernik, C. De Donato, S. Sánchez, Domenico Finco, Soon-Wook Kim, H. W. Park, J. Hernández Carretero, M. Unger, C. Blaksley, A. Guzmán, E. G. Judd, Ke Fang, J. S. Kim, Katsuhiko Tsuno, V. S. Morozenko, Yoshiki Tsunesada, G. Distratis, I. Kreykenbohm, L. Villaseñor, G. Sáez-Cano, M. Dupieux, Vladimir Andreev, Hajime Takami, S. Ahmad, F. Cafagna, Masaki Fukushima, T. Nakamura, G. Modestino, E. Joven, C. González Alvarado, M. Sanz Palomino, A. Dell’Oro, Toshitaka Kajino, K. Higashide, C. Moretto, P. Galeotti, C. Tenzer, T. Sugiyama, Tadeusz Wibig, G. Roudil, B. Harlov, Carlo Vigorito, K. Kudela, Francesco Isgrò, B. Keilhauer, Frederic Jean Ronga, Alberto Cellino, L. R. Wiencke, G. Giraudo, B. A. Khrenov, Toshiyuki Nonaka, H. Miyamoto, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, Ralph Engel, N. Blanc, S. Blin-Bondil, Frederic Trillaud, B. Mot, Yukihiro Takahashi, D. Supanitsky, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, Shoichi Ogio, I. V. Yashin, L. Marcelli, J. Fujimoto, Kenji Shinozaki, A. Bruno, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, A. J. de Castro, J. Geary, T. Patzak, N. De Simone, A. Jung, T. Paul, K. Yoshida, P. Baragatti, G. Medina-Tanco, N. Inoue, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, Pavol Bobik, D. Campana, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, Inkyu Park, Susumu Inoue, Y. Miyazaki, Mark Christl, O. Tibolla, Graciela B. Gelmini, Y. Hachisu, Y. Arai, Y. Yamamoto, Pierre Barrillon, Sergei A. Sharakin, A. Haungs, S. Piraino, M. Suzuki, Valentina Scotti, Yoshimasa Kurihara, H. Schieler, Mitsuteru Sato, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blümer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., López, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sánchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Ciencias Físicas, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, JEM-EUSO, Cloud computing, Cosmic ray, Atmosphere, IR-camera, Space observatory, Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, International Space Station, Calibration, JEM-EUSO, Space observatory, IR-camera, Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR), Remote sensing, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), business.industry, Cloud top, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astronomía, Lidar, Physics::Space Physics, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

注記: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288名 [所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS) 池田, 博一; 鈴木, 睦; 矢野, 創], Accepted: 2014-06-12, Note: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration 288members [Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS) Ikeda, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Makoto; Yano, Hajime], 資料番号: SA1150233000

Published
2015

36. The JEM-EUSO instrument

Author

M. Weber, G. Osteria, K. Shinozaki, M. Roth, A. Bruno, D. Monnier-Ragaigne, A. Segreto, R. Nava, J. H. Adams, Satoshi Wada, P. Prat, N. Sakaki, T. Ogawa, H. Rothkaehl, S. Piraino, G. Vankova, C. Catalano, N. Blanc, D. Semikoz, C. De Santis, Angela V. Olinto, Fernando López, Andrea Santangelo, P. Reardon, M. Kleifges, G. Distratis, T. Patzak, Rossella Caruso, Francesco Isgrò, G. Prévôt, T. Pierog, Y. Uchihori, S. Selmane, M. Bonamente, R. Cremonini, S. Ahmad, M. Unger, G. Castellinic, P. von Ballmoos, I. H. Park, S. Watanabe, A. Jung, M. Sakata, M. Reyes, L. Marcelli, M. Ave Pernas, J. Fujimoto, K. Yoshida, P. Barrillon, T. Murakami, J. Karczmarczyk, K. Mase, O. Tibolla, D. Campana, J. Lee, Y. Hachisu, Y. Arai, I. Rodríguez, R. Bechini, H. Sato, A. Guzman, T. Tajima, J. Bayer, J. Licandro, H. Schieler, S. Perez Cano, T. Napolitano, P. Bobik, S. Biktemerova, T. Nonaka, Tomás Belenguer, M. S. Briggs, I. V. Yashin, Y. Tsunesada, P. Picozza, H. Salazar, J. Hernández Carretero, T. Peter, E. G. Judd, L. Anchordoqui, A. Pollini, Pavel Klimov, L. del Peral, A. Franceschi, E. Parizot, R. Tsenov, M. I. Panasyuk, T. Shirahama, J. Watts, C. González Alvarado, G. Roudil, S. Blin-Bondil, T. Tomida, Y. Miyazaki, H. Takami, P. Orleański, Roberto Bellotti, C. Pennypacker, B. Pastircak, M. Chikawa, V. Andreev, M. Bogomilov, H. Prieto, B. Harlov, C. Moretto, Carlo Vigorito, Sergei A. Sharakin, J. A. Morales de los Ríos, G. Masciantonio, A. J. de Castro, K. Kudela, H. Ohmori, D. Supanitsky, R. Engel, H. J. Crawford, P. Vallania, F. Kajino, D. Yonetoku, M. Di Martino, C. De Donato, M. Fukushima, Z. Plebaniak, A. Insolia, Hajime Yano, V. Scotti, M. Rybczyński, Susumu Inoue, T. Wibig, K. Belov, K. Nomoto, B. Keilhauer, L. Valore, C. de la Taille, M. Wille, J. N. Capdevielle, L. Santiago Crúz, T. Tymieniecka, G. Cordero, M. Karus, K. Kawai, E. Joven, A. Cellino, Akinori Saito, K. Katahira, P. Gorodetzky, J. Sledd, J. S. Kim, O. Martinez, Domenico Finco, M. D. Rodríguez Frías, N. Tajima, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, K. Asano, T. Yamamoto, G. Siemieniec-Oziȩbło, V. S. Morozenko, B. A. Khrenov, F. Sarazin, H. Miyamoto, G. Medina-Tanco, Ovidiu Vaduvescu, P. Baragatti, Y. Yamamoto, M. Lacombe, Claudio Cassardo, H. H. Silva Lopez, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Y. Karadzhov, S. Csorna, H. M. Shimizu, T. Paul, F. Dulucq, C. Tenzer, J. Geary, Mitsuteru Sato, S. W. Kim, A. Marini, R. Young, N. De Simone, Francesco Fenu, Y. Itow, R. Matev, A. Ebersoldt, Lech Wiktor Piotrowski, Toshikazu Ebisuzaki, H. W. Park, D. Allard, G. Modestino, M. Ricci, A. Dell’Oro, E. Kuznetsov, H. Tokuno, M. Suzuki, S. Yoshida, M. Sanz Palomino, M. E. Bertaina, J. Watanabe, P. Galeotti, Maxim Gonchar, T. Sugiyama, Y. Kurihara, M. Nagata, K. Tsuno, J. Błȩcki, T. Shibata, Alfonso Monaco, M. Takeda, Dmitry V. Naumov, H. Lim, M. C. Maccarone, T. Nakamura, G. Giraudo, Gali Garipov, T. Kajino, F. Tajima, F. Ronga, I. Kreykenbohm, T. Mernik, M. D. Sabau, T. Batsch, Ke Fang, M. Serra, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, M. Putis, A. Sobey, N. Tone, I. Kaneko, B. Szabelska, G. Catalano, K. Higashide, C. Lachaud, M. J. Christl, I. Fernández-Gómez, F. Cafagna, S. Dagoret-Campagne, J. Yang, D. Cline, A. Haungs, L. Tkachev, M. Nagano Murakami, A. Kusenko, T. J. Weiler, J. N. Albert, M. Dupieux, Thomas Schanz, F. Guarino, S. Sánchez, Livio Conti, A. Anzalone, A. Zuccaro Marchi, A. A. Berlind, Jörn Wilms, Silvia Ferrarese, O. A. Saprykin, M. Yu. Zotov, V. Connaughton, Y. Kawasaki, Susana Briz, M. Flamini, Y. Takizawa, C. Blaksley, L. Wiencke, J. Szabelski, Y. Mizumoto, S. Nagataki, J. Blümer, G. Sáez-Cano, S. Falk, P. L. Biermann, I. Rusinov, K. Słomińska, A. Neronov, Z. Włodarczyk, D. Kolev, G. Gelmini, Simona Toscano, S. Ogio, H. Ikeda, L. Villaseñor, D. Maravilla, K. Mannheim, Frederic Trillaud, B. Mot, Yukihiro Takahashi, Marco Casolino, Claudio Fornaro, Adams, J. H., Ahmad, S., Albert, J. N., Allard, D., Anchordoqui, L., Andreev, V., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Ave Pernas, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Batsch, T., Bayer, J., Bechini, R., Belenguer, T., Bellotti, R., Belov, K., Berlind, A. A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Blaksley, C., Blanc, N., Błȩcki, J., Blin Bondil, S., Blümer, J., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bonamente, M., Briggs, M. S., Briz, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J. N., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellinic, G., Catalano, C., Catalano, G., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Christl, M. J., Cline, D., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Dagoret Campagne, S., de Castro, A. J., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Dell’Oro, A., De Simone, N., Di Martino, M., Distratis, G., Dulucq, F., Dupieux, M., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Falk, S., Fang, K., Fenu, F., Fernández Gómez, I., Ferrarese, S., Finco, D., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Franceschi, A., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., Garipov, G., Geary, J., Gelmini, G., Giraudo, G., Gonchar, M., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Guarino, Fausto, Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Higashide, K., Ikeda, D., Ikeda, H., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Isgro', Francesco, Itow, Y., Joven, E., Judd, E. G., Jung, A., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Karus, M., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Keilhauer, B., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, J. S., Kim, S. W., Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., Lacombe, M., Lachaud, C., Lee, J., Licandro, J., Lim, H., López, F., Maccarone, M. C., Mannheim, K., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marini, A., Martinez, O., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Matev, R., Medina Tanco, G., Mernik, T., Miyamoto, H., Miyazaki, Y., Mizumoto, Y., Modestino, G., Monaco, A., Monnier Ragaigne, D., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Moretto, C., Morozenko, V. S., Mot, B., Murakami, T., Murakami, M. Nagano, Nagata, M., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, T., Napolitano, T., Naumov, D., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M. I., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Park, H. W., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pennypacker, C., Perez Cano, S., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pierog, T., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Plebaniak, Z., Pollini, A., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Putis, M., Reardon, P., Reyes, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez, I., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roth, M., Rothkaehl, H., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M. D., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Sakata, M., Salazar, H., Sánchez, S., Santangelo, A., Santiago Crúz, L., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, H., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Segreto, A., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shibata, T., Shimizu, H. M., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Siemieniec Oziȩbło, G., Silva López, H. H., Sledd, J., Słomińska, K., Sobey, A., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, F., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Tenzer, C., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Trillaud, F., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tymieniecka, T., Uchihori, Y., Unger, M., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Valore, Laura, Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., von Ballmoos, P., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watanabe, S., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weiler, T. J., Wibig, T., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, K., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zotov, M. Y. u., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
Ciencias Físicas, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, cosmic rays, law, International Space Station, Cosmic rays, Physics, International space station, UHECR, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Celestial sphere, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astronomía, Refracting telescope, Focal surface, business, Event (particle physics), CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

In this paper we describe the main characteristics of the JEM-EUSO instrument. The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO) of the International Space Station (ISS) will observe Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) from space. It will detect UV-light of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) produced by UHECRs traversing the Earth?s atmosphere. For each event, the detector will determine the energy, arrival direction and the type of the primary particle. The advantage of a space-borne detector resides in the largefield of view, using a target volume of about 10 12 tons of atmosphere, far greater than what is achievable from ground. Another advantage is a nearly uniform sampling of the whole celestial sphere. The corresponding increase in statistics will help to clarify the origin and sources of UHECRs and characterize the environment traversed during their production and propagation. JEM-EUSO is a 1.1 ton refractor telescope using an optics of 2.5 m diameter Fresnel lenses to focus the UV-light from EAS on a focal surface composed of about 5000 multi-anode photomultipliers, for a total of 3x10^5 channels. A multi-layer parallel architecture handles front-end acquisition, selecting and storing valid triggers. Each processing level filters the events with increasingly complex algorithms using FPGAs and DSPs to reject spurious events and reduce thedata rate to a value compatible with downlink constraints. Fil: Adams, J. H.. University of Alabama in Huntsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Ahmad, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Albert, J. N.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Allard, D.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Anchordoqui, L.. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, V.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Anzalone, A.. Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo; Italia Fil: Arai, Y.. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japón Fil: Asano, K.. Tokyo Institute of Technology; Japón Fil: Ave Pernas, M.. Universidad de Alcala; España Fil: Baragatti, P.. UTIU, Dipartimento di Ingegneria; Italia Fil: Barrillon, P.. Univ Paris-Sud; Francia Fil: Batsch, T.. National Centre for Nuclear Research; Polonia Fil: Bayer, J.. University of Tubingen; Alemania Fil: Bechini, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Belenguer, T.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA); España Fil: Bellotti, R.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Belov, K.. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Berlind, A. A.. Vanderbilt University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bertaina, M.. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Italia Fil: Biermann, P. L.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Alemania Fil: Biktemerova, S.. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,; Rusia Fil: Blaksley, C.. Univ Paris Diderot; Francia Fil: Blanc, N.. Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM); Suiza Fil: Blecki, J.. Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CBK); Polonia Fil: Blin,Bondil, S.. Ecole Polytechnique; Francia Fil: Blumer, J.. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),; Alemania Fil: Bobik, P.. Institute of Experimental Physics; Eslovaquia Fil: Bogomilov, M.. University of Sofia; Bulgaria Fil: Supanitsky, Alberto Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentina Fil: Casolino, Marco. RIKEN; Japón Fil: Kajino, Fumiyoshi. National Astronomical Observatory; Japón Fil: Piotrowski, Lech Wiktor. RIKEN; Japón Fil: The JEM-EUSO Collaboration.

Published
2015

37. Toll‐Like Receptor (TLR)4 and MyD88 are Essential for Atheroprotection by Peritoneal B1a B Cells

Author

Yi Li, Peter Kanellakis, Anh Cao, Peter G. Tipping, Ban-Hock Toh, Tin Kyaw, Alex Bobik, Hamid Hosseini, Edgar Liu, Christopher Tay, and Karlheinz Peter

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Mice, Knockout, ApoE, medicine.medical_treatment, Interleukin-1beta, Vascular Medicine, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Vascular Disease, cytokine, Medicine, Toll‐like receptor 4/MyD88, Original Research, Mice, Knockout, B-Lymphocytes, Toll-like receptor, biology, Interleukin-18, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Peritoneum, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, IgM, B-Lymphocyte Subsets, Inflammation, Diet, High-Fat, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proinflammatory cytokine, Transforming Growth Factor beta1, 03 medical and health sciences, Phagocytosis, Vascular Biology, Animals, B cell, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, business.industry, Transforming growth factor beta, Atherosclerosis, Toll-Like Receptor 2, Toll-Like Receptor 4, B1a cells, TLR2, 030104 developmental biology, Immunoglobulin M, inflammation, Toll-Like Receptor 9, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88, Immunology, biology.protein, Cancer research, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Background We previously identified peritoneal B1a cells that secrete natural IgM as a key atheroprotective B cell subset. However, the molecules that activate atheroprotective B1a cells are unknown. Here, we investigated whether Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) TLR 2, TLR 4, and TLR 9 expressed by B1a cells are required for IgM‐mediated atheroprotection. Methods and Results We adoptively transferred B1a cells from wild‐type mice or from mice deficient in TLR 2, TLR 4, TLR 9, or myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) into ApoE −/− mice depleted of peritoneal B1a cells by splenectomy and fed a high‐fat diet for 8 weeks. Elevations in plasma total, anti‐oxLDL (oxidized low‐density lipoprotein), anti‐leukocyte, anti‐ CD 3, anti‐ CD 8, and anti‐ CD 4 IgMs in atherosclerotic mice required B1a cells expressing TLR 4 and MyD88, indicating a critical role for TLR 4‐MyD88 signaling for IgM secretion. Suppression of atherosclerosis was also critically dependent on B1a cells expressing TLR 4‐MyD88. Atherosclerosis suppression was associated not only with reductions in lesion apoptotic cells, necrotic cores, and ox LDL , but also with reduced lesion CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cells. Transforming growth factor beta 1 ( TGF ‐β1) expression, including macrophages expressing TGF ‐β1, was increased, consistent with increased IgM‐mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Reductions in lesion inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ‐α), interleukin ( IL) 1β, and IL ‐18 were consistent with augmented TGF ‐β1 expression. Conclusions TLR 4‐MyD88 expression on B1a cells is critical for their IgM‐dependent atheroprotection that not only reduced lesion apoptotic cells and necrotic cores, but also decreased CD 4 and CD 8 T‐cell infiltrates and augmented TGF ‐β1 expression accompanied by reduced lesion inflammatory cytokines TNF ‐α, IL ‐1β, and IL ‐18.

Published
2016

39. Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture

Author

Alex L. Huang, Tin Kyaw, Alex Bobik, Yung-Chih Chen, and Karlheinz Peter

Subjects
Blood Platelets, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lymphoid Tissue, medicine.medical_treatment, Hemorrhage, Autopsy, Carotid endarterectomy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Monocytes, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Lymphocytes, Myocardial infarction, Subclinical infection, Rupture, Spontaneous, business.industry, Macrophages, Hemodynamics, Plaque rupture, Atherosclerosis, medicine.disease, Lipids, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Pathophysiology, Coronary arteries, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Thin-cap fibroatheroma, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

The idiom “the straw that breaks the camel’s back” describes scenarios where seemingly minor incidents eventuate in a sudden, unexpected, and often detrimental downfall. In the case of atherosclerosis, over time multiple subclinical cellular events result in the development of unstable, vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions, which leads to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, culminating in the often catastrophic clinical manifestation of myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. In this review, we first summarize lessons learned from autopsy studies, clinical investigations, and animal models mainly published in ATVB . We then present recent experimental studies published in ATVB that shed light on the underlying pathophysiological development of plaque instability and disruption, and how differential and sometimes maladaptive responses at cellular levels contribute to this complex process. These many publications in ATVB are a testament to the journal’s leading role in research on atherosclerotic plaque instability, an area of research with utmost translational relevance. Our understanding of the pathology of unstable, vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is mainly based on a limited number of postmortem examinations of human coronary arteries and the analysis of resected surgical specimens from patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy and performed for primary/secondary prevention of transient ischemia attack or stroke.1–3 The histopathologic definition of unstable plaques includes, as the most central features, thin fibrous caps (thickness 40% of the total lesion volume).4–7 Importantly, repeated subclinical plaque ruptures, histologically and potentially macroscopically visible as intraplaque hemorrhage, are described as an additional cause of plaque instability.8 From an autopsy series of 800 cases of sudden coronary …

Published
2016

40. Protective Role of Natural IgM-Producing B1a Cells in Atherosclerosis

Author

Alex Bobik, Tin Kyaw, Ban-Hock Toh, and Peter G. Tipping

Subjects
Regulatory B cells, medicine.medical_treatment, Proinflammatory cytokine, Immune system, Animals, Humans, Medicine, B-Lymphocytes, biology, business.industry, Arteries, Atherosclerosis, Interleukin-10, Lipoproteins, LDL, Disease Models, Animal, Interleukin 10, Cytokine, Immunoglobulin M, Apoptosis, Immunology, biology.protein, Cytokines, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Atherosclerosis initiated by hyperlipidemia is modulated by immune cells in its development, progression, and rupture that results in thrombotic arterial occlusion leading to strokes and myocardial infarction. B cells initially thought to be atheroprotective provide opposing roles by their different subsets. Unlike B2 cells that are atherogenic, serosal B1a cells are atheroprotective by producing natural IgM antibodies that clear modified low-density lipoprotein and apoptotic and necrotic debris. In addition to natural IgM antibodies, B1a cells may act as regulatory B cells by producing the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10, which inhibits proinflammatory cytokines secreted by activated macrophages and T cells in atherosclerotic lesions. These findings suggest in vivo expansion of atheroprotective B1a cells as a potential therapeutic strategy to augment the benefits of lipid-lowering statin therapy.

Published
2012

41. Preoperative NT-proBNP values in patients with atrioventricular septal defect and its role as a predictor of early postoperative course

Author

M Zahorec, L Bobik, L Kovacikova, and K Danova

Subjects
Inotrope, Male, Economics and Econometrics, medicine.drug_class, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, Materials Chemistry, Media Technology, medicine, Natriuretic peptide, Pulmonary blood flow, Humans, In patient, Atrioventricular Septal Defect, Postoperative Period, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Heart septal defect, business.industry, Heart Septal Defects, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Forestry, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, Anesthesia, Heart failure, Child, Preschool, Female, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

Atrioventricular septal (AVSDC) defect presents by excessive pulmonary blood flow and congestive heart failure in children. This study was designed to identify and compare N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) values in complete and incomplete form at the time of surgery, and evaluation of postoperative course.The prospective study included thirty-one patients with complete and fifteen with intermediate forms, undergoing surgery in the period from May 2009 to January 2014. Pre- and post-operative variables were statistically analyzed.The median value of NT-proBNP was 1420.0 pg/mL, with elevated levels in complete form (1656.0 vs 488.0 pg/mL, p0.001); age and weight with negative correlation. Other preoperative variables (genetic disorder, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, borderline ventricle) were not significant. Higher incidence of postoperative variables was present in complete form, namely mechanical ventilation (p0.03), dose and length of vasopressors (p0.002), ICU stay (p0.04), and complications (p0.05). NT-proBNP analysis as a predictor of postoperative course showed an association with longer ventilatory (48 hours) and inotropic forms of support, ICU stay, and presence of infection.NT-proBNP value might be helpful in the decision-making process of early surgical treatment of complete form of AVSDC, and useful as a predictor of early post-operative course (Tab. 4, Fig. 3, Ref. 14).

Published
2015

42. Deletion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor protects the heart from severe ischemia–reperfusion injury: A predominant role of anti-inflammation

Author

Mark A. Febbraio, Yang Liu, Qi Xu, Anthony M. Dart, Xiao-Ming Gao, N. Jennings, Richard Bucala, Eric F Morand, David A. White, Brian G. Drew, Alex Bobik, Bronwyn A. Kingwell, Xiao-Jun Du, Yidan Su, Clinton R. Bruce, Helen Kiriazis, and Gunter Fingerle-Rowson

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, Ischemia, Apoptosis, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Mice, Animals, Medicine, Myocytes, Cardiac, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors, Molecular Biology, Severe ischemia, Mice, Knockout, business.industry, Macrophages, Toll-Like Receptors, Hemodynamics, Anti inflammation, Metabolism, medicine.disease, Myocardial Contraction, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cytokine, Gene Expression Regulation, Neutrophil Infiltration, Reperfusion Injury, Immunology, Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, Inflammation Mediators, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Reperfusion injury, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Inflammation plays an important role in mediating and exacerbating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine, facilitates inflammation and modulates metabolism. However, the role of MIF in mediating local inflammation subsequent to ischemic myocardial injury has not been established. We hypothesized that genetic deletion of MIF protects the heart against severe I/R injury by suppressing inflammation and/or modulating energy metabolism. We showed in the mouse I/R model that duration of both ischemia and reperfusion is a determinant for the degree of regional inflammation and tissue damage. Following a prolonged cardiac I/R (60 min/24h) MIF KO mice had a significant reduction in both infarct size (26±3% vs. 45±4%, P0.05) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis (1.4±0.2% vs. 5.4±0.4%, P0.05) and preserved contractile function compared with WT. MIF KO mice with I/R had reduced expression of various inflammatory cytokines and mediators (P0.05), suppressed infiltration of neutrophils (-40%) and macrophages (-33%, both P0.05), and increased macrophage apoptosis (14.4±1.4% vs. 5.2±0.6%, P0.05). Expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear fraction of NF-κB p65 were also significantly lower in MIF KO hearts with I/R. Further, MIF KO mice exhibited a lower glucose uptake but higher fatty acid oxidation rate than that in WT (both P0.05). In conclusion, MIF deficiency protected the heart from prolonged/severe I/R injury by suppressing inflammatory responses. We have identified a critical role of MIF in mediating severe I/R injury. Thus, MIF inhibitory therapy may be a novel strategy to protect the heart against severe I/R injury.

Published
2011

43. Investigation of a Clostridium difficile cluster by multilocus sequence typing in a bone marrow transplant unit

Author

Brent Bobik, Zi-Xuan Wang, Phyllis Flomenberg, Richard Sunday, Carol Hu, John L. Wagner, Mark Weiss, and Jackrapong Bruminhent

Subjects
Adult, Clostridioides difficile, Epidemiology, business.industry, Health Policy, Bone marrow transplant unit, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Clostridium difficile, Disease cluster, Virology, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Disease Outbreaks, Microbiology, Feces, Infectious Diseases, Carrier State, Humans, Medicine, Multilocus sequence typing, business, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Multilocus Sequence Typing
Published
2014

44. Darbepoetin-mediated cardioprotection after myocardial infarction involves multiple mechanisms independent of erythropoietin receptor-common β-chain heteroreceptor

Author

Alex Agrotis, Alex Bobik, David J. Curtis, Xiao-Jun Du, Xiao-Ming Gao, Peter Kanellakis, and Giovanna Pomilio

Subjects
Pharmacology, Cardiac function curve, Cardioprotection, medicine.medical_specialty, Darbepoetin alfa, business.industry, Heteroreceptor, Brain natriuretic peptide, medicine.disease, Erythropoietin receptor, Endocrinology, Erythropoietin, Fibrosis, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Darbepoetin, a long-acting erythropoietin derivative, attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improves short-term (3 days) cardiac function, but the mechanisms responsible are unknown. We investigated potential mechanisms by which darbepoetin exerts cardioprotection following myocardial infarction in mice and the significance of the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR)–common β-chain (c-β-chain) heteroreceptor. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice underwent 60 min coronary occlusion followed by treatment with vehicle or a single dose of darbepoetin. Effects on gene expression, apoptosis and neutrophil accumulation in infarcted left ventricle were assessed 24 h later. Cardiac function, effects on vascularization and fibrosis were assessed 28 days later. The significance of EPOR–c-β-chain heteroreceptor was examined 28 days after infarction using mice deficient in c-β-chain. KEY RESULTS Twenty-four hours after darbepoetin, mRNAs encoding haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), iNOS and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were markedly elevated only in infarcted regions, and the frequency of apoptotic cells attenuated. Inflammation was also attenuated with reductions in neutrophil numbers. Darbepoetin also elevated mRNAs encoding angiogenic factors: placental growth factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-1β. Twenty-eight days after treatment, CD31+ vessels in the infarct zone doubled and fibrosis reduced. Cardiac haemodynamics were improved. Darbepoetin also improved cardiac haemodynamics in c-β-chain-deficient mice, increased HO-1 and iNOS expression and vessel numbers and attenuated fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Darbepoetin stimulates expression of haeme oxygenase, iNOS, BNP and angiogenic factors specifically in infarcted left ventricle that attenuates inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis; elevate vessel numbers; and improve cardiac function. The EPOR–c-β-chain heteroreceptor is not essential for these effects.

Published
2010

45. Particle size distribution of fly ash from co-incineration of bituminous coal with municipal solid waste

Author

Tomasz Konieczny, Bartłomiej Bobik, and Ewelina Cieślik

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Bituminous coal, Pollutant, Municipal solid waste, Waste management, Picea abies, business.industry, geology.rock_type, geology, Coal combustion products, Exhaust gas, carcinogenic PAHs, Incineration, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Fly ash, biomonitoring, non-heating time, Environmental science, Coal, business, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

One of the source of air pollutants is emission from local coal-fired boiler-houses and domestic heating boilers. The consequence of incineration of municipal waste is the introduction of additional pollutants into the atmosphere, including fly ash. The aim of this work was to evaluate the particle size distribution of fly ash emitted by coal combustion and co-incineration of coal with municipal waste in a domestic 18 kW central heating boiler equipped with an automatic fuel feeder. Mixtures of bituminous coal with different types of solid waste (5, 10 and 15% of mass fraction) were used. Solid waste types consisted of: printed, colored PE caps, fragmented cable trunking, fragmented car gaskets and shredded tires from trucks. During the incineration of a given mixture of municipal waste with bituminous coal, the velocity of exhaust gas was specified, the concentration and mass flow of fly ash were determined together with the physico-chemical parameters of the exhaust gas, the samples of emitted fly ash were taken as the test material. Particle size analysis of fly ash was performed using laser particle sizer Fritch Analysette 22. The PM10 share from all fly ashes from incineration of mixtures was about 100%. Differences were noted between PM2.5 and PM1.

Published
2018

46. Ocena funkcji serca oraz naczyń u pacjentów z klasyczną postacią wrodzonego przerostu nadnerczy

Author

Bogdan Marek, Slawomir Rychlik, Monika Ogrodowczyk-Bobik, Joanna Wierzbicka-Chmiel, Artur Chmiel, and Dariusz Kajdaniuk

Subjects
Cardiac function curve, medicine.medical_specialty, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Femoral artery, medicine.disease, Surgery, Endocrinology, Intima-media thickness, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Common carotid artery, Brachial artery, business, Body mass index
Abstract

Introduction: Patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have increased cardiovascular risk, but the vascular and cardiac function during longitudinal corticoids replacement therapy is not known thoroughly. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study of 19 Caucasian adults with CAH (age 23.7 ± 3.8 years; twelve males) compared to 20 healthy volunteers matched for origin, sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). All of the participants were assessed for flow mediated dilatation of the brachial artery (FMD), intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (cIMT) and common femoral artery (fIMT), standard echocardiography, and global longitudinal left ventricular function using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (LSTE). Results: The patients with CAH, compared with controls, had decreased FMD (9.4 ± 3.9 vs. 19.8 ± 5.2; p < 0.01), and the difference was still significant after correction for potential confounders. cIMT and fIMT were higher in the CAH group at baseline (for cIMT 0.47 ± 0.4 mm vs. 0.40 ± 0.03 mm; p < 0.01, for fIMT 0.47 ± 0.05 mm vs. 0.41 ± 0.04 mm; p < 0.01) but not after correction for potential confounders. The CAH subjects, compared with controls, had normal or similar left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and LV mass index. The mean absolute value of LSTE differed in the CAH patients compared with controls (–20.5% ± 1.2 vs. –22.5% ± 1.7; p < 0.01), but it was still within the normal range. Conclusions: Young adults with CAH and glucocorticoid long-lasting treatment had impaired FMD, an insignificant increase of IMT, and subclinical changes in LV diastolic function in echocardiography.

Published
2015

47. A CD1d-dependent lipid antagonist to NKT cells ameliorates atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by reducing lesion necrosis and inflammation

Author

Tin Kyaw, Alex Bobik, Peter G. Tipping, Virginie Deswaerte, Peter Kanellakis, Anh Cao, Yi Li, Hamid Hosseini, and Ban-Hock Toh

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Necrosis, Physiology, Lymphocyte, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Inflammation, Lymphocyte Activation, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Apolipoproteins E, Physiology (medical), medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Mice, Knockout, business.industry, Monocyte, Natural killer T cell, Atherosclerosis, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Natural Killer T-Cells, medicine.symptom, Antigens, CD1d, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Aims Atherosclerosis-related deaths from heart attacks and strokes remain leading causes of global mortality, despite the use of lipid-lowering statins. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop additional therapies. Methods and results Reports that NKT cells promote atherosclerosis and an NKT cell CD1d-dependent lipid antagonist (DPPE-PEG350, 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine- N [methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-350]) reduces allergen-induced inflammation led us to investigate its therapeutic potential in preventing the development and progression of experimental atherosclerosis. DPPE-PEG350 was administered to hyperlipidaemic ApoE −/− mice with/without established atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis and immune cells were assessed in the aortic sinus lesions. Lesion expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) responsible for inflammatory immune cell recruitment as well as mRNA expression of IFNγ and its plasma levels were investigated. Necrotic cores and lesion smooth muscle and collagen contents important in plaque stability were determined as were plasma lipid levels. DPPE-PEG350 reduced atherosclerosis development and delayed progression of established atherosclerosis without affecting plasma lipids. CD4 and CD8 T cells and B cells in atherosclerotic lesions were decreased in DPPE-PEG350-treated mice. Lesion MCP-1 and VCAM-1 protein expression and necrotic core size were reduced without affecting lesion smooth muscle and collagen content. IFNγ and lymphocytes were unaffected by the treatment. Conclusion The attenuation of progression of established atherosclerosis together with reduced development of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidaemic mice by the NKT antagonist, without affecting NKT cell or other lymphocyte numbers, suggests that targeting lesion inflammation via CD1d-dependent activation of NKT cells using DPPE-PEG350 has a therapeutic potential in treating atherosclerosis.

Published
2015

48. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stem cell factor improve endogenous repair after myocardial infarction

Author

Peter Kanellakis, David J. Curtis, Xiao-Jun Du, Alex Bobik, and Nicholas J. Slater

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Myocardial Infarction, Recombinant Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Stem cell factor, Ventricular Function, Left, Mice, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, medicine, Animals, Actinin, Cell Lineage, Myocardial infarction, Ventricular remodeling, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fluorescent Dyes, Stem Cell Factor, Ventricular Remodeling, business.industry, Myocardium, Stem Cells, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Chemokine CXCL12, Recombinant Proteins, GATA4 Transcription Factor, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Luminescent Proteins, Haematopoiesis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mice, Inbred DBA, Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Cardiology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Bone marrow, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Chemokines, CXC, Biomarkers, Homing (hematopoietic)
Abstract

Objective The aims of this study were, first, to determine if granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) improved left ventricular function in the setting of a reperfusion model of myocardial infarction (MI) and, second, to evaluate the effects of G-CSF/SCF on cellular repair and, in particular, the fate of bone marrow cells homing to the site of tissue injury. Methods MI was induced in mice by transient ligation of the left descending coronary artery. G-CSF/SCF were administered for 5 days after MI. Cardiac function was assessed 28 days after MI. The effect of G-CSF/SCF on the cellular composition of the infarct region was assessed by immunohistochemistry. MI was performed in mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells expressing DsRed to track the fate of bone marrow-derived cells within the infarct region. Results G-CSF/SCF-treated mice had significantly improved left ventricular (LV) function as determined by LV developed pressure, LV±d p /d t max/min, and LV end-diastolic pressure. G-CSF alone produced similar improvements in cardiac function. These improvements in LV function were associated with 70% more blood vessels and a doubling of cells expressing cardiomyocyte-specific transcription factors GATA-4, Nkx2.5 and alpha-actinin cells within the infarct zone. Cells within the infarct expressing stromal-derived factor also increased by 200%. To elucidate the origin of these cells, bone marrow chimeras, where hematopoietic cells expressed the fluorescent marker DsRed, were treated with G-CSF/SCF after MI. Bone marrow-derived, DsRed-expressing cells in the infarct region of G-CSF/SCF-treated chimeras increased by an average of 12-fold; however, the vast majority of DsRed cells expressed the hematopoietic-specific marker CD45 but not blood vessel or cardiomyocyte markers. Conclusions G-CSF/SCF therapy improved cardiac function when delivered after MI, increasing the number of blood vessels and cells of cardiomyogenic lineage. However, these cells were of myocardial rather than bone marrow origin.

Published
2006

49. Obesity in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes in Germany, Austria, and the United States

Author

Stephanie N. DuBose, Julia M. Hermann, William V. Tamborlane, Roy W. Beck, Axel Dost, Linda A. DiMeglio, Karl Otfried Schwab, Reinhard W. Holl, Sabine E. Hofer, David M. Maahs, Steven Willi, Terri Lipman, Tammy Calvano, Olena Kucheruk, Pantea Minnock, Chau Nguyen, Georgeanna Klingensmith, Carolyn Banion, Jennifer Barker, Cindy Cain, Peter Chase, Sandy Hoops, Megan Kelsy, David Maahs, Cathy Mowry, Kristen Nadeau, Jennifer Raymond, Marian Rewers, Arleta Rewers, Robert Slover, Andrea Steck, Paul Wadwa, Philippe Walravens, Philip Zeitler, Heidi Haro, Katherine Manseau, Ruth Weinstock, Roberto Izquierdo, Umair Sheikh, Patricia Conboy, Jane Bulger, Suzan Bzdick, Robin Goland, Rachelle Gandica, Lindsay Weiner, Steve Cook, Ellen Greenberg, Kevin Kohm, Sarah Pollack, Joyce Lee, Brigid Gregg, Meng Tan, Kimberly Burgh, Ashley Eason, Satish Garg, Aaron Michels, Lisa Myers, Linda DiMeglio, Tamara Hannon, Donald Orr, Christy Cruz, Stephanie Woerner, Joseph Wolfsdorf, Maryanne Quinn, Olivia Tawa, Andrew Ahmann, Jessica Castle, Farahnaz Joarder, Chris Bogan, Nancy Cady, Jennifer Cox, Amy Pitts, Rebecca Fitch, Brad White, Bethany Wollam, Bruce Bode, Katie Lindmark, RaShonda Hosey, Kathleen Bethin, Teresa Quattrin, Michelle Ecker, Jamie Wood, Lily Chao, Clement Cheung, Lynda Fisher, Debra Jeandron, Francine Kaufman, Mimi Kim, Brian Miyazaki, Roshanak Monzavi, Payal Patel, Pisit Pitukcheewanont, Anna Sandstrom, Marisa Cohen, Brian Ichihara, Megan Lipton, Ayse Cemeroglu, Yaw Appiagyei-Dankah, Maala Daniel, Daniel Postellon, Michael Racine, Michael Wood, Lora Kleis, Irl Hirsch, Anthony DeSantis, D.C. Dugdale, R. Alan Failor, Lisa Gilliam, Carla Greenbaum, Mary Janci, Peggy Odegard, Dace Trence, Brent Wisse, Emily Batts, Angela Dove, Deborah Hefty, Dori Khakpour, Jani Klein, Kristen Kuhns, Marli McCulloch-Olson, Christina Peterson, Mary Ramey, Marissa St. Marie, Pam Thomson, Christine Webber, David Liljenquist, Mark Sulik, Carl Vance, Tiffany Coughenour, Chris Brown, Jean Halford, Andrea Prudent, Shanda Rigby, Brandon Robison, Harold Starkman, Tymara Berry, Barbara Cerame, Daisy Chin, Laurie Ebner-Lyon, Frances Guevarra, Kristen Sabanosh, Lawrence Silverman, Christine Wagner, Marie Fox, Bruce Buckingham, Avni Shah, Kimberly Caswell, Breanne Harris, Richard Bergenstal, Amy Criego, Greg Damberg, Glenn Matfin, Margaret Powers, David Tridgell, Cassie Burt, Beth Olson, LeeAnn Thomas, Sanjeev Mehta, Michelle Katz, Lori Laffel, Joanne Hathway, Roxanne Phillips, Eda Cengiz, William Tamborlane, Darryll Cappiello, Amy Steffen, Melinda Zgorski, Anne Peters, Valerie Ruelas, Robert Benjamin, Deanna Adkins, Juanita Cuffee, Amber Spruill, Grazia Aleppo-Kacmarek, Teresa Derby, Elaine Massaro, Kimberly Webb, Christine Burt Solorzano, Mark DeBoer, Helen Madison, Janet McGill, Lori Buechler, Mary Jane Clifton, Stacy Hurst, Sarah Kissel, Carol Recklein, Eva Tsalikian, Michael Tansey, Joanne Cabbage, Julie Coffey, Sarah Salamati, Mark Clements, Sripriya Raman, Angela Turpin, Jennifer Bedard, Cyndy Cohoon, Aliza Elrod, Amanda Fridlington, Lois Hester, Davida Kruger, Desmond Schatz, Michael Clare-Salzler, Kenneth Cusi, Colleen Digman, Becky Fudge, Mike Haller, Collette Meehan, Henry Rohrs, Janet Silverstein, Sujata Wagh, Miriam Cintron, Eleni Sheehan, Jamie Thomas, Mark Daniels, Susan Clark, Timothy Flannery, Nikta Forghani, Ajanta Naidu, Christina Reh, Peggy Scoggin, Lien Trinh, Natalie Ayala, Rebeca Quintana, Heather Speer, William Zipf, Diane Seiple, Julie Kittelsrud, Ashutosh Gupta, Vikki Peterson, Ashley Stoker, Michael Gottschalk, Marla Hashiguchi, Katheryn Smith, Henry Rodriguez, Craig Bobik, Danielle Henson, Jill Simmons, Amy Potter, Margo Black, Faith Brendle, Rose Gubitosi-Klug, Beth Kaminski, Susan Bergant, Wendy Campbell, Catherine Tasi, Kenneth Copeland, Joni Beck, Joane Less, Jill Schanuel, Jennifer Tolbert, Saleh Adi, Andrea Gerard-Gonzalez, Stephen Gitelman, Nassim Chettout, Christine Torok, Catherine Pihoker, Joyce Yi-Frazier, Susan Kearns, Ingrid Libman, Vicky Bills, Ana Diaz, Julie Duke, Brandon Nathan, Antoinette Moran, Melena Bellin, Shannon Beasley, Anne Kogler, Janice Leschyshyn, Kara Schmid, Anne Street, Bryce Nelson, Carrie Frost, Erin Reifeis, Morey Haymond, Fida Bacha, Maria Caldas-Vasquez, Sara Klinepeter, Maria Redondo, Rosa Berlanga, Teresa Falk, Elizabeth Garnes, Janette Gonzalez, Cecilia Martinez, Mariam Pontifes, Ronald Yulatic, Kathleen Arnold, Traci Evans, Sharon Sellers, Vandana Raman, Carol Foster, Mary Murray, Trina Brown, Hillarie Slater, Karen Wheeler, David Harlan, Mary Lee, John-Paul Lock, Celia Hartigan, Lisa Hubacz, John Buse, Ali Calikoglu, Joseph Largay, Laura Young, Helen Brown, Vinnie Duncan, Michelle Duclos, Julie Tricome, Verdayne Brandenburg, Julie Blehm, Julie Hallanger-Johnson, Dawn Hanson, Corliss Miller, Jennifer Weiss, Robert Hoffman, Monika Chaudhari, David Repaske, Elizabeth Gilson, Jesse Haines, Justen Rudolph, Charles McClave, Doris Biersdorf, Anthony Tello, Donna Amundson, Rhonda Ward, Michael Rickels, Cornelia Dalton-Bakes, Eileen Markman, Amy Peleckis, Nora Rosenfeld, Lawrence Dolan, Sarah Corathers, Jessica Kichler, Holly Baugh, Debbie Standiford, Jeanne Hassing, Jennifer Jones, Stephen Willis, Carol Wysham, Lisa Davis, Scott Blackman, Kimber-Lee Abel, Loretta Clark, Andrea Jonas, Ellie Kagan, Jay Sosenko, Carlos Blashke, Della Matheson, Rachel Edelen, Thomas Repas, Denise Baldwin, Trista Borgwardt, Christina Conroy, Kelly DeGrote, Rod Marchiando, Michelle Wasson, Larry Fox, Nelly Mauras, Ligeia Damaso, Kim Englert, Marwan Hamaty, Laurence Kennedy, Michelle Schweiger, Pantelis Konstantinopoulos, Carolyn Mawhorter, Amy Orasko, Denise Rose, Larry Deeb, Kim Rohrbacher, Leroy Schroeder, Amanda Roark, Omar Ali, Joanna Kramer, Donna Whitson-Jones, Heidi Gassner, Sobha Kollipara, Katerina Harwood, Vijaya Prasad, and Judy Brault

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Adolescent, MEDLINE, Hypoglycemia, Body Mass Index, Diabetes mellitus, Germany, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Registries, Child, Glycemic, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, Institutional review board, United States, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Austria, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

To examine the current extent of the obesity problem in 2 large pediatric clinical registries in the US and Europe and to examine the hypotheses that increased body mass index (BMI) z-scores (BMIz) are associated with greater hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and increased frequency of severe hypoglycemia in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D).International (World Health Organization) and national (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) BMI references were used to calculate BMIz in participants (age 2-18 years and ≥ 1 year duration of T1D) enrolled in the T1D Exchange (n = 11,435) and the Diabetes Prospective Follow-up (n = 21,501). Associations between BMIz and HbA1c and severe hypoglycemia were assessed.Participants in both registries had median BMI values that were greater than international and their respective national reference values. BMIz was significantly greater in the T1D Exchange vs the Diabetes Prospective Follow-up (P.001). After stratification by age-group, no differences in BMI between registries existed for children 2-5 years, but differences were confirmed for 6- to 9-, 10- to 13-, and 14- to 17-year age groups (all P.001). Greater BMIz were significantly related to greater HbA1c levels and more frequent occurrence of severe hypoglycemia across the registries, although these associations may not be clinically relevant.Excessive weight is a common problem in children with T1D in Germany and Austria and, especially, in the US. Our data suggest that obesity contributes to the challenges in achieving optimal glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1D.

Published
2014

50. Transforming Growth Factor-β, Cell Signaling and Cardiovascular Disorders

Author

Alex Agrotis, Alex Bobik, and Natalia Kalinina

Subjects
Pharmacology, Neointima, Cell signaling, business.industry, Growth factor, medicine.medical_treatment, Transforming growth factor, beta 3, Immunology, medicine, Cancer research, Arteriogenesis, Signal transduction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Receptor, business, Transforming growth factor
Abstract

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional growth factor with a wide range of potential effects on growth, differentiation, extracellular matrix accumulation and the immune system. It has been implicated in many cardiovascular disorders. TGF-β actions are mediated via a complex between its type I and type II receptors resulting in the phosphorylation of receptor-specific Smads followed by their passage to the nucleus where they influence many transcriptional responses. TGF-β has important roles in the development of the neointima and constrictive remodeling associated with angioplasty. In atherosclerosis its actions are yet to be fully elucidated but its ability to control the immune system has profound effects on lesion development, particularly by influencing the types of lesions that develop. TGF-β can also induce arteriogenesis and markedly influences angiogenic processes, possessing both pro- and anti-angiogenic effects. It is also a major contributor to the development of various cardiovascular fibrotic disorders including those in the vasculature, heart and kidney. Targeting TGF-β prevents neointima formation and the constrictive remodeling associated with angioplasty and also prevents the development of many fibrotic disorders. This review summarizes TGF-β signaling pathways, the mechanisms by which TGF-β contributes to many of these cardiovascular diseases and examines the therapeutic potential of targeting TGF-β actions in preventing these disorders.

Published
2005

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