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Objective To evaluate the secondary attack rate (SAR) in children and adolescents, contacts of essential activities workers who were infected by SARS‐CoV‐2; and to describe associated clinical and epidemiological data. Methods A cross‐sectional study conducted in children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years of age, that were household contacts of parents and other relatives who were infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 in the city of Goiânia, Central Brazil, from March to October 2020. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from all participants. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected and tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA using real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and SAR were analyzed using Poisson regression. Results A total of 267 children and adolescents were investigated. The prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA by the real‐time RT‐PCR test and/or the presence of COVID‐19 associated symptoms (anosmia/ageusia and flu syndrome) was 25.1% (95.0% Confidence Interval [95.0% CI] = 20.3‐30.6). More than half (55.1%) of the participants had sygns and symptoms. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in positive individuals were nasal congestion (62.7%), headache (55.2%), cough (50.8%), myalgia (47.8%), runny nose (47.8%), and anosmia (47.8%). The Poisson model showed that the following signs or symptoms were associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: fever, nasal congestion, decreased appetite, nausea, anosmia, and ageusia. Families that had more than one infected adult, in addition to the index case, presented greater transmissibility to children and adolescents. Conclusions Our results contribute to the hypothesis that children and adolescents are not important sources of transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the home environment during a period of social distancing and school closure; even though they are susceptible to infection in the household (around ¼ of our study population).

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) in the adult population of the Central-West region of Brazil. In 2013, a cross-sectional study using the data from the National Health Survey and comprising 7519 individuals aged &ge, 18 years from the Central-West region was conducted. Participants were interviewed at their homes about sociodemographic data and risk factors for DM. To verify the risk factors with DM, the Poisson regression model was used. The analyses were performed for the total sample and stratified according to sex. The prevalence of DM was 6.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 5.7&ndash, 7.3). The diagnosis of self-reported DM was 4.3% in men and 7.5% in women. In the global sample, it was found that age between 40&ndash, 59 years and &ge, 60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity were independently associated with self-reported DM. In men, risk factors were: Age &ge, 60 years, self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, and obesity. In women, risk factors were: Age 30&ndash, 39 years, 40&ndash, 59 years, and &ge, 60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM was 6.5%. DM was associated with advanced age, previous smoking (former smoker), hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Some differences in risk factors between men and women were noted.

Objective: This study analyzes the causes of death, survival, and other related factors in hospitalized elderly people with fractures over the course of one year. Methods: We followed 376 fracture patients for one year in a prospective cohort study to a reference hospital in central Brazil. The Cox regression model was used to analyze factors associated with survival. Results: The results indicate that the one-year mortality rate was high (22.9%). The independent factors linked to lower overall survival were as follows: patients aged &gt, 80 years with previous intensive care unit (ICU) admission and presence of comorbidities (diabetes mellitus [DM] and dementia). Conclusion: Our study results may contribute to a better understanding of the impact of fractures on the elderly population and reinforce the need to oversee age-groups, diabetic patients, and patients with complications during hospitalization.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors for self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) in adults from the State of Maranh&atilde, o, Northeastern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1774 individuals aged &ge, 18 years participating in the National Health Survey of 2013 in Maranh&atilde, o. The adults were selected by probabilistic sampling and interviewed face-to-face by in-home visits. The Poisson regression model was used to verify the factors associated with DM. Results: The prevalence of DM was 5.39% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 3.73&ndash, 7.73). After adjustment of the regression model for age, gender, smoking, education, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, DM was statistically associated with age &ge, 60 years, female sex, low educational level, and self-report hypertension. Conclusion: The present study found the prevalence of self-reported DM similar to that estimated in the general population of Brazil. Public policies for prevention and control should intensify control, especially in the subgroups most vulnerable to DM.

RESUMOObjetivo:analisar concepções de adolescentes escolares da educação básica sobre drogas em geral.Método:abordagem qualitativa de grupos focais com 16 adolescentes estudantes. Os dados coletados foram analisados por Análise de Conteúdo, onde emergiram as seguintes categorias “Significado de drogas”; “Convivendo com o uso de drogas”; “Opiniões, crenças e atitudes em relação ao uso de drogas” e “Prevenindo o uso indevido de drogas na adolescência”.Resultados:os adolescentes conhecem algumas drogas associando o uso à marginalidade e à criminalidade. Identifi caram fatores que levam ao consumo abusivo de drogas como fácil acesso, uso familiar e com grupos de amigos, ociosidade, abandono escolar e vulnerabilidade característica da adolescência.Conclusão:os resultados demonstram a necessidade da implementação de trabalhos educativos no contexto em que os adolescentes vivem, seja escolar, social e familiar de modo a apoiar e minimizar as diversas vulnerabilidades dos adolescentes. RESUMENObjetivo:analizar el entendimiento de adolescentes estudiantes de educación básica sobre las drogas.Método:enfoque cualitativo de grupos focales con 16 estudiantes adolescentes. Los datos recogidos fueron analizados mediante análisis de contenido, donde surgieron las siguientes categorías “Signifi cados de drogas”; “Coexistencia con el consumo de drogas”; “Opiniones, creencias y actitudes en relación al consumo de drogas”; y “La prevención del abuso de drogas en la adolescencia”.Resultados:los estudiantes adolescentes saben de la asociación de drogas con el uso y situaciones de criminales. También identifi caron lo que los conducen al abuso de drogas, como el fácil acceso, usuarios en la familia y amigos, la ociosidad, la deserción escolar y la vulnerabilidad característico de la adolescencia.Conclusión:los resultados muestran la necesidad de la implementación de actividades educativas en el contexto en que los adolescentes viven como la escuela, la comunidad y la familia para apoyar y para minimizar los efectos de diversas vulnerabilidades de los adolescentes estudiantes. ABSTRACTObjective:To analyze the perceptions of adolescent public school students about drugs.Method:Qualitative approach of focus groups with 16 adolescent students. The data collected were analyzed by means of content analysis, leading to the following categories: meaning of drugs; living with drug use; opinions, beliefs and attitudes toward drug use; and preventing drug abuse in adolescence.Results:The adolescent students know about some drugs, and associate their use with delinquent and criminal behavior. The students identifi ed factors that lead to drug abuse, such as easy access, use by family and friends, idleness, dropping out of school and the characteristic vulnerability of adolescence.Conclusion:the results point to the need for educational activities in the context of where the adolescents live, including school, community and family environments, to support and to minimize their vulnerability.

doi: 10.5216/ree.v15i2.16936 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ree.v15i2.16936 . ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the health activities developed by the family health team (FHT) in a municipality in Southeast Goias under the light of comprehensiveness. This exploratory descriptive study was performed using a qualitative approach. Data collection was performed by means of interviews and then submitted to content analysis. Three thematic categories were elected: Workers’ activities and the connection between them; the FHT does not work as a Family Health Strategy; and An update of family health teams. Results demonstrate a fragmentation of the activities and a lack of connection between workers, which makes comprehensiveness more difficult. In conclusion, there is a need to make permanent investments in health, strengthen social control, perform participative evaluations in the national health system (SUS) and improve management and health care technologies. Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Family Health Program; Delivery of Health Care; Qualitative Research; Public Health Nursing.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever o perfil das vítimas com ferimentos causados por projéteis de armas de fogo (PAF) e o custo dos atendimentos em uma instituição de referência no Centro-Oeste brasileiro pertencente à Rede Viva Sentinela. MÉTODOS: foi realizado estudo descritivo, com amostra por conveniência, no período de janeiro a março de 2013; as fontes de dados foram entrevista, prontuários dos participantes e o departamento de estatística do hospital. RESULTADOS: participaram 150 vítimas, entre as quais predominaram indivíduos do sexo masculino (94,7%), jovens (67,3%) e usuários de álcool/drogas (80,0%); o principal motivo desses incidentes foi o tráfico/dívidas de drogas (45,3%); o custo médio foi de R$1.291,93 por atendimento. CONCLUSÃO: a maioria das vítimas por PAF eram homens jovens, usuários de álcool/drogas, e o envolvimento com o tráfico foi o motivo mais frequente da vitimização; o custo médio assistencial desses pacientes foi elevado. Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the profile of victims with injuries caused by firearm projectiles and the cost of treatment at a referral hospital in Midwestern Brazil belonging to the Viva Sentinela Network. METHODS: a descriptive study with convenience samplie was conducted from January to March 2013; data sources were interviews, patients' medical records, and the hospital statistics department. RESULTS: the 150 victims who participated were predominantly male (94.7%), young (67.3%), and drug/alcohol users (80.0%); the main reason of these incidents was drug trafficking/drug debt (45.3%); average health care costs were R$1,291.93 per case. CONCLUSION: the majority of victims were young male users of alcohol/drugs, and involvement with trafficking was the most frequent reason for victimization; average health care costs for these patients were high. Resumen OBJETIVO: describir el perfil de las víctimas con heridas causadas por Proyectiles de Arma de Fuego (PAF) y el costo de la atención en una institución de referencia del Centro-Este brasileño perteneciente a la Red Viva Centinela. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con muestreo por conveniencia, en el periodo de enero a marzo de 2013; las fuentes de datos fueron entrevistas, registros de participantes y el departamento de estadística del hospital. RESULTADOS: participaron 150 individuos, predominaron víctimas del sexo masculino (94,7%), jóvenes (67,3%) y usuarios de drogas/alcohol (80,0%); la principal causa fue el tráfico/deudas de drogas (45,3%); el costo médico-asistencial promedio fue de R$1.291,93 por atención. CONCLUSIÓN: la mayoría de víctimas por PAF, eran hombres jóvenes, usuarios de alcohol/drogas y el tráfico fue el motivo más frecuente de victimización; el promedio del costo médico-asistencial con esos pacientes fue superior al de otros atendidos en el hospital.

The aim of this study was to analyze people's perception on the access to health services in the southern outskirts of the Integrated Region for the Development of the Federal District (RIDE/DF, as per its acronym in Portuguese). A descriptive, cross-sectional, epidemiological and population-based study with a household survey design was carried out in 2010 and 2011. A semi-structured questionnaire, previously validated, was applied. A total of 605 individuals who lived in the southern outskirts of the Federal District were interviewed, of which 311 (51.4%) were female, 215 (35.8%) had incomplete primary education, 163 (40.9%) sought health services in Primary Care Units and 166 (45.5%) sought health services in another municipality. Access to health services in the region is influenced by social and economic conditions and by the place of living. These findings allow managers to better study the setting, review care services provided and meet health needs of that population.

OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores prognosticos de mortalidade neonatal em unidades de cuidados intensivos. METODOS: Realizou-se estudo de coorte de nascidos vivos do municipio de Goiânia, no periodo de novembro de 1999 a outubro de 2000. Procedeu-se a vinculacao das bases de dados das declaracoes de nascidos vivos e de obitos, das quais as variaveis de exposicao foram extraidas. Adicionalmente, foi implementado um sistema ativo de vigilância de mortalidade neonatal. A variavel de efeito foi constituida dos recem-nascidos admitidos nas unidades de cuidados intensivos que sobreviveram (n=713) e dos que morreram (n=162). Utilizou-se o modelo de regressao de Cox para identificar fatores associados a mortalidade neonatal e a curva Receiver Operating Characteristic para avaliar a acuracia de variaveis estatisticamente significantes em modelo multivariado. Taxas de mortalidade ajustadas por peso de nascimento e Apgar do quinto minuto foram calculadas para cada unidade de cuidados intensivos. RESULTADOS: Baixo peso ao nascer e Apgar do quinto minuto permaneceram associados ao obito neonatal, de forma independente. Peso ao nascer igual a 2.500 g apresentou acuracia de 0,71 (IC 95%: 0,65-0,77) na predicao de obito neonatal (sensibilidade =72,2%). Observou-se ampla variacao nas taxas de mortalidade entre as unidades de cuidados intensivos (9,5%-48,1%) sendo que duas delas permaneceram com taxas significantemente mais altas apos o ajuste da mortalidade pelo peso de nascimento e Apgar. CONCLUSOES: Os resultados mostraram que o peso de nascimento e uma variavel sensivel para uso em triagens em programas de vigilância de obito neonatal e pode identificar as unidades de cuidados intensivos com altas taxas de mortalidade para implementacao de acoes preventivas e para intervencoes no periodo intra-parto.

Smoking is a chronic disease caused by addiction to nicotine. It is directly related to high mortality, because it compromises physical and mental health of individuals and communities. This study aimed to report the experience of undergraduate nursing students in developing the campaign against smoking at the discipline supervised training course in Nursing I at the Firminopolis-GO campus. The supervised training is carried out for a month, in the last year of the undergraduate course in the form of multidisciplinary rural internship. In the beginning of the activities an operational planning took place, in which the activities related to smoking were highlighted. The strategies consisted of awareness on prevention and damage caused by tobacco. The activities of health promotion and prevention of injuries and diseases related to smoking consisted of action in health education directed to students from public schools, training of Community Health Agents to fight against tobacco use on May 31 – World No Tobacco Day- and participation of the university students in community radio programs. It is considered that the actions taken were of extreme importance in the care provided in primary care, given that the applied strategies effectively reached different audiences.

Objetivou-se analisar a acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde na Atenção Básica no estado de Goiás. Estudo descritivo de corte transversal com base nos dados secundários proveniente do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por profissionais de saúde das 1.216 UBS. Verificou-se que, a sala de acolhimento está ausente em 68,5% das unidades de saúde, o que prejudica, consideravelmente, os profissionais na tomada de decisão imediata. A ausência de consultórios clínicos em 2% dos locais dificulta a acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde na Atenção Básica em Goiás. Com relação ao horário e turno de funcionamento, verificou-se que 86% das unidades atendem cinco dias na semana em turnos de oito horas, não favorecendo a acessibilidade do usuário. Com este estudo constata-se a deficiência da acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde e a necessidade de maiores investimentos no fortalecimento da Atenção Básica.

SUMMARY: In Brazil, the children health promotion actions develop a decline in the infant mortality rate in the several areas of the country. It is preoccupying the fact that 90% of the neonatal mortality of the world still happens at countries in development, where there are few resources, and the technological readiness of the health has different priorities. The reduction of the neonatal mortality is still more difficult because this associated as to biological factor as to the prenatal, to the childbirth and the newly born attendance; and its prevention involves mainly investments in health services of more complex technology as well as in educational and public health actions. Considering the fact that Goiânia (capital of the State of Goiás) has great demand to the health services, it is necessary a larger quality of the rendered services as much in the basic units of health services as in the hospital, looking for to implement programs of improvement of services to guarantee the quality of attendance. We considered that the education actions and health are important factors of intervention for the reduction and control of the infant mortality rates, mainly your component neonatal and that all professional relationship of health and patient is a pedagogic relationship. Key words: infant mortality, neonatal, prenatal, newly born RESUMO - No Brasil, as ações desenvolvidas para a promoção da saúde da criança, promoveram um declínio na taxa de mortalidade infantil nas várias regiões do país. É preocupante o fato de que 90% da mortalidade de recém nascidos no mundo ainda ocorram em países em desenvolvimento, onde há poucos recursos, e a disponibilidade tecnológica da saúde tem diferentes prioridades. A redução da mortalidade infantil neonatal é ainda mais difícil pois esta associada tanto a fatores biológicos como à assistência pré-natal, ao parto e ao recém-nascido; e sua prevenção envolve principalmente investimentos em serviços hospitalares de tecnologia mais complexa bem como em ações educativas e de saúde pública. Levando-se em consideração o fato da cidade de Goiânia ser a capital do Estado de Goiás, com grande demanda aos serviços de saúde, faz-se necessário uma maior qualidade dos serviços prestados, tanto nas unidades básicas de saúde bem como nas unidades hospitalares, buscando implementar programas de melhoramento dos serviços para garantir um atendimento de qualidade. Consideramos que as ações de educação e saúde são fatores importantes de intervenção para a redução e controle das taxas de mortalidade infantil, principalmente o seu componente neonatal e que toda relação profissional de saúde e paciente é uma relação pedagógica. Palavras Chaves: mortalidade infantil, neonatal, assistência pré-natal, recém nascido

SUMMARY: The governament of Goiás settled a Support Program of Needy Families (PAFC), that assists nearly 160,000 families, which receive food monthly and other benefits. On this study we investigated the vaccination of children under 6 years old of the families registered in PAFC. The data were collected by the authors and for research assistants for this end, in the period of August to November of 1997. 1265 children's appraised cards were investigated, being 429 of the Goiânia city and 836 of other districts. 91,23% of all children were vaccinated according to the recommendations of Ministry of Health. We concluded that the offer of the food basket, conditioned to the exhibition of the child's card can have been contributing with the goals of the immunization program. Keywords: vaccination, child, immunization. RESUMO: O governo do Estado de Goiás implantou o Programa de Apoio às Famílias Carentes (PAFC) que atende cerca de 160.000 famílias, as quais recebem mensalmente uma cesta de alimentos, além de outros benefícios. Neste estudo investigamos o estado vacinal das crianças de até 6 anos de idade das famílias inscritas no PAFC. Os dados foram coletados pelas autoras e por auxiliares de pesquisa treinados para este fim, no período de agosto a novembro de 1997. Foram avaliados 1265 cartões das crianças, sendo 429 da capital e 836 de municípios do interior. Constatamos que 91,23% delas estavam com o esquema vacinal atualizado. Concluímos que a oferta da cesta básica, condicionada à exibição do cartão da criança pode ter contribuído com as metas do programa de imunização. Unitermos: vacina, imunização, criança.

SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to identify the scientific article about the care of nursing to the family, published in periodic of Brazilian nursing, index-linked article survey to the LILACS, in the period of 1993 the 2003, and to analyze them how much to the concept and composition of the families, systematization and proposals of action of nursing and formation and qualification of the authors. In the results we find in 10 years (1993-2003), 9 publications concerning nursing in family. Where we can find the predominance of works that focus the systematization and proposals of action, evidencing of a general form, a lack of studies in the area of nursing in family, where the Program of Health of the Family appears as principal source of promotion of care of nursing to the family and motivation for studies that approach this thematic one. All research had had as authorship nurses doctors, masters and specialists, which acted as professors. KEY WORDS: Assistance to the Family; Health of the Family and Nursing and Family.

RESUMO: Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar levantamento de artigos científicos sobre administração dos serviços de Enfermagem, publicados na Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem e analisar as propostas e tendências de gerência nos serviços de saúde, com vistas a subsidiar as ações de Enfermagem nesta área. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, desenvolvida com base em material já elaborado. Percebemos que o assunto é pouco divulgado no meio científico. Além disso, todas as publicações tiveram a participação de docentes, o que mostra pouco envolvimento dos enfermeiros de serviços com pesquisa. Nosso estudo deixa alguns pontos importantes para reflexão acerca da formação de enfermeiros com competência para gerenciar serviços de saúde e, conseqüentemente assistir clientes com mais dignidade e qualidade a que têm direito. PALAVRAS - CHAVE: Gerência; Serviços de Enfermagem; Gestão em Saúde.