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While the literature on corporate social innovation suggests that value is co-created by different parties at the individual, organizational, and societal level, there is little work focusing on how these levels interface with one another. This paper helps to fill that gap by using systems thinking to develop a general causal model that explains one pathway for how individual corporate social innovations can impact interorganizational dynamics, encouraging the co-creation of social value by multiple parties within an industry while reinforcing the economic case within the initiating firm. We ground this model in the existing literature, and present historical case studies supporting its viability in practice. Overall, we offer the model as a starting point for understanding how initiatives in the private sector might reverberate across organizations in both the private and public sector to create shared value.

Networked online environments can effectively support political activism. In Sweden, the #metoo movement resulted in over 100,000 people participating in activities challenging sexual harassment and abuse, including collecting testimonies via social media and drafting and discussing petitions published in print news media. Participation involved many risks, such as social stigma, losing one’s job, or misogynist terrorism, which meant that participation required a high level of trust among peers. Human-computer interaction (HCI) research on trust generally focuses on technical systems or user-generated data, less focus has been given to trust among peers in vulnerable communities. This study, based on semi-structured interviews and surveys of participants and organizers of 47 petitions representing different sectors in society, found that trust was aggregated over networks of people, practices, institutions, shared values, and technical systems. Although a supportive culture based on a feeling of solidarity and shared feminist values was central for safe spaces for participation, when activism was scaled up, social interaction had to be limited due to increased risk. HCI research views trust as a process of crossing distances, increasing over time; however, our results reveal that trust decreased over time as the movement grew and public exposure increased, a trend most evident when the participants actually came from a tightly knit community. Therefore, this study points out the significance to balance the need for transparency and community with the need for anonymity and distance in the development of tools to support large-scale deliberative processes that involve conflicts and risks.

Aims Mutuality, a positive quality of the relationship between patients and their informal caregivers characterized by love and affection, shared pleasurable activities, shared values, and reciprocity, influences several patient–caregiver outcomes in chronic-condition cases, but it remains unknown whether it influences the heart failure (HF) patient–caregiver dyad quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of mutuality and its four dimensions (love and affection, shared pleasurable activities, shared values, and reciprocity) on QOL in HF patient–caregiver dyads Methods and results Cross-sectional study: Using the actor–partner interdependence model, we examined how an individual’s mutuality influenced his/her own QOL (actor effect) and his/her partner’s QOL (partner effect). Mutuality and physical and mental QOL were measured with the Mutuality Scale and Short Form 12, respectively. A total of 494 HF patient–caregiver dyads were enrolled in the study. Mutuality showed strong evidence of caregiver partner effects on the HF patients’ physical QOL (total score B = 2.503, P = 0.001; shared pleasurable activities B = 2.265, P < 0.001; shared values B = 1.174, P = 0.420 and reciprocity B = 1.888, P = 0.001). For the mental QOL, mutuality and its four subscales had actor effects only on the patients’ mental health (total mutuality B = 2.646, P = 0.003; love and affection B = 1.599, P = 0.360; shared pleasurable activities B = 2.599, P = 0.001; shared values B = 1.564, P = 0.001 and reciprocity B = 1.739, P = 0.020). In caregivers, mutuality had an actor effects on mental QOL (total score B = 1.548, P = 0.041 and reciprocity B = 1.526, P = 0.009). Conclusion Our results confirm the important role of mutuality in determining the physical and mental QOL in HF patient–caregiver dyads. Interventions aimed at improving the relationships within HF patient–caregiver dyads may have an impact on HF patients’ and caregivers’ QOL.

Las organizaciones post-Covid 2019 plantean problemáticas y desafíos abriendo un abanico de oportunidades para el apasionante mundo de la investigación. La Asociación Mutual Federada Salud se seleccionó como “caso de estudio único”. Se empleó metodología cualitativa y la entrevista virtual fueron el principal instrumento de relevamiento, proyectándose el abordaje de los siguientes objetivos: describir los cambios que se han implementado a partir del contexto de pandemia, reseñar las políticas y/o estrategias aplicadas, básicamente sobre el talento humano, inferir el estilo de gestión prevalente en la mutual y reflexionar sobre el proceso de cambio operado en la organización. Se reflexiona que los cambios fueron resultantes de decisiones políticas, sin las cuales su implementación hubiera sido imposible. Se procuró acrecentar las fortalezas y estrechar las debilidades para hacer operativos los cambios pretendidos que se dispuso mediante el empleo de tecnologías propias y el reforzamiento sistemático en la gestión del talento humano. El proceso de cambio no fue impulsado por la pandemia si bien se aceleró a consecuencia de la misma. La redefinición de valores fue ineludible para orientar el rumbo organizacional. La claridad en los compromisos de trabajo, la orientación a resultados específicos, la adaptación a los ambientes personales e institucionales, demuestra que el cambio es posible. Se infiere que el Gerente General-líder posee un “estilo mixto” que combina capacidades de gerenciar y liderar. Este proceso se interpreta como un auténtico cambio cultural, que se inició con un diagnóstico de la situación existente y llevó a redefinir los valores compartidos y consensuados por todos de los miembros en pos de la construcción conjunta de una floreciente y apropiada cultura organizacional Post-Covid 2019 organizations has problems and challenges, opening a range of opportunities for the exciting world of research. Mutual Federada Salud Association was selected as a “unique case study”. Qualitative methodology was used and the virtual interview was the main survey instrument, projecting the approach to the following objectives: describe the changes that have been implemented from the pandemic context, review the applied policies and / or strategies, basically on talent human, infer the prevalent management style in the mutual and reflect on the process of change operated in the organization. It reflects that the changes were the result of political decisions, without which their implementation would have been impossible. It was treated made to increase the strengths and narrow the weaknesses to make operational the intended changes that were arranged through the use of proprietary technologies and the systematic reinforcement in the management of human talent. The process of change was not driven by the pandemic, although it accelerated as a result of it. The redefinition of values was unavoidable to guide the organizational course. Clarity in work commitments, orientation to specific results, adaptation to personal and institutional environments, shows that change is possible. It is inferred that the General Manager-leader has a “mixed style” that combines management and leadership skills. This process is interpreted as an authentic cultural change, which began with a diagnosis of the existing situation and led to a redefinition of shared values and agreed by all of the members in post of the joint construction of a flourishing and appropriate organizational culture. Fil: Kobila, María Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística. Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Parolín, Marisa Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística. Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Chiaramoni, Natalia Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística. Rosario; Argentina. Fil: D’Avanzo, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística. Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Gagliardini, Graciela Ana. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística. Rosario; Argentina.

Psychologists are known for using science to influence public policymaking on criminal justice, education, health, and other specific policies. Little is known, however, about what commonalities exist across youth and family policies and, in particular, how prevalent polarization and research utilization are in political decisions. In response, this article examines how youth and family policies are positioned on the decision-making agenda and who advances them from an overlooked point of view, that of state legislators. Semistructured qualitative interviews inquired about research use, partisan polarization, and strategies for effectively advancing youth/family policies with 123 legislators; 24 legislators nominated by colleagues as exemplar champions of youth and family issues; and 13 key informants. Policymakers report youth and families are a population deserving of support. This widely shared value premise makes some policies to support youth and families less partisan. In addition, policymakers report that research can sometimes be more important for youth and family issues, particularly evidence on economic feasibility. Despite the importance of research, policymakers express concerns about its objectivity, conflicting results, and source credibility. Compared with colleagues, Youth and Family Champions are committed to a higher purpose; knowledgeable on policy issues and political maneuvers; and skilled in listening, earning colleagues' trust, and building relationships with colleagues and external stakeholders. For connecting research and policy, the article suggests that researchers could attract the attention of policymakers by illustrating their studies with a compelling story that places a human face on the issue and portrays the pragmatic significance of the findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Introduction The pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2, a novel, highly contagious and easily transmissible pathogen, has profoundly affected all aspects of human interaction. Guided by the need to reduce face-to-face contacts, medical organisations have rapidly shifted group activities to virtual platforms. Over 1 year into the pandemic, the necessity to maintain public health restrictions ensures that virtual meetings will be the norm for the foreseeable future.It has yet to be understood how virtual technologies shape healthcare and academic cultures, affect interactions, or influence strategic decisions and policies within these systems.Conclusion In this article, the authors reflect on the move from historically situated activity systems of team leadership in healthcare to ones that now exist in virtual formats. Cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) is a framework that explains complex human actions, and how they unfold over time through interaction with mediational tools (eg, technology) and various people representing their own communities, roles and perceived divisions of labour. The authors use the lens of CHAT as a framework to understand the shifting dynamics at play and offer strategies for leaders to co-establish activity systems with team members to make goals of group activities explicit and to deliberately work toward them. Five specific strategies proposed are: (1) use software platforms that fit your needs and give voice to all attendees with technical support present in meetings; (2) converse explicitly about roles and emerging role fluidity during times of change and pandemic response; (3) co-construct something new intentionally; (4) engage in implementation science at this time; and (5) lead intentionally while honouring cultural norms and values. It is imperative that any changes, even the ones that are a part of the pandemic response, are made consistent with the core shared values of the medical community as this necessary new way of coming together is embraced with collective wisdom.

PurposeDrawing on social network and social capital literature, this study aims to explore how digital entrepreneurs utilize social networks to build their entrepreneurial capability, creating and developing business ventures in a digitally networked society.Design/methodology/approachThe study takes a qualitative approach, interviewing 35 digital entrepreneurs with businesses operating across multiple industry sectors in Western Australia.FindingsThe findings suggest that structural social capital provides a key resource with groups of relational contacts who facilitate in building entrepreneur capability, the venture and customer markets. Relational social capital provides a foundation of trust between entrepreneurs and social network members that is strategically important for digital entrepreneurship (DE). Cognitive social capital provides mechanisms to form relationships based on shared values across social networks.Research limitations/implicationsThe study produces early evidence that in a multiplexed networking world, social capital accrual and use online is different from that of off-line. More empirical studies are needed to understand the complexity of the changing nature of online and off-line social networks, the consequential social capital and their interdependence in DE.Practical implicationsThis is an exploratory qualitative study using a limited sample of 35 Australian digital entrepreneurs to explore the impact of social network interaction on digital entrepreneurs and their ventures, with the purpose of stimulating a social network approach when studying DE. This study confirms the critical importance of entrepreneurial social networks in the digital age and provides empirical evidence that online networks foster business development, while off-line networks feed self-development.Originality/valueThe study contributes to current research on DE as a dedicated new research stream of entrepreneurship. Specifically, the study contributes to a greater understanding of how digital entrepreneurs leverage social networks in today's digitally connected society.

The aim of the article is to identify factors promoting and hindering the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in a cluster. The analysis is based on the literature of the subject and desk research on clusters, as well as studies by the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP), the European Commission, selected clusters and the ECCP platform. Factors promoting and hindering the implementation of the CSR concept were analysed at three levels: macro – focusing on the cluster-society relationship; meso – at the level of relations between cluster members; and micro in relation to individual enterprises. The research shows that favourable and unfavourable factors co-exist, which limits the possibilities of implementing the CSR concept in a cluster. Moreover, the concept of CSR at the macro level, in overloaded clusters, requires further elaboration and well-established cooperation of the dominant stakeholders in order to eliminate social problems.

Despite the widespread growth of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in sport, the majority of professional sport teams still manage social engagement in an opportunistic manner. Tactical attempts toward CSR management can provide discrete and short-term benefits, but lack the ability to create lasting social and economic impacts. This study uses an entrepreneurship perspective to study CSR management in sport. More specifically, it builds on the concept of corporate social entrepreneurship (CSE) to study the transition toward more strategic CSR approaches. Through an in-depth study of a single professional soccer case in Belgium, the drivers of CSE and their relation to strategic CSR development and implementation were explored. The findings indicate the importance of having an intrapreneur, an enabling organization, and, to some extent, stakeholder alliances. Challenges, however, arise at the level of organizational culture and aiming for shared value creation.

In a higher education institution, perceptions and values are split due to the emergence of subcultures, and market orientation is split into competitive, customer (student) and interfunctional orientation. This study seeks to shed light on the concept of market orientation in this context through a comparison of perceptions and values of market orientation in subcultures in a higher education institution in Hungary and consider avenues for potential best practice. Through a mixed method approach, subcultures are identified and are found to exhibit a combination of overlapping and disparate market-oriented values and perceptions. Market orientation is found to be a continuum and affected by an array of latent variables, such as level of support (institutional and collegial), attitudes to performance appraisal and extent of external focus. Management must tailor the initial message of a market orientation strategy to the shared values at the organizational level, and then adjust the message and incentives to each subculture. In this way, management can create an atmosphere of cohesion, whilst addressing diversity in subcultures.

Extant literature provides evidence of a direct relationship between leadership and organisational outcomes. Affective leadership styles would create shared values, commitment and teamwork amongst ...

This paper proposes a tactical tool to enhance effectiveness of OMO (Online Merge Offline) marketing, explained through 7Ps × D × C, with R as a moderating variable (D = Digitalization, C = Connect...

Social enterprises can play an instrumental role in addressing major societal challenges in subsistence marketplaces through the creation of shared value. However, there are many social barriers in subsistence contexts that exclude vulnerable groups from participating in, and benefiting from, the shared value creation process. These social barriers are contextual in nature and arise from sources such as gender-based discrimination or caste-based discrimination. The exclusion of such vulnerable groups undermines the goal of inclusive social innovation and sparks concerns of elite-capture of shared value in subsistence marketplaces. In this paper, we highlight how social enterprises can overcome the concern of elite-capture of shared value by fostering inclusive social innovation in subsistence contexts. Our research draws from a longitudinal inductive study of nine Indian social enterprises operating in industrial markets such as agriculture and logistics. We apply and extend insights from institutional work perspective to uncover three principal mechanisms for fostering inclusive social innovation, namely – a) relational work, b) inclusion work and c) equity work. These mechanisms work in concert to facilitate the a) creation of shared value in subsistence contexts, b) inclusive distribution of shared value, and c) fair distribution of shared value.

Although rice production adjustments were officially abolished in 2018, they still exist in the form of game equilibria and customary institutions in Japan. However, market-creating innovations are considered to be able to change the culture of the entire society, including the cognition of producers and consumers towards rice, rice products and rice cultivation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the necessity of rice policies for long-tail market-creating innovations in Japan. Specifically, structural equation modeling (SEM) and cognitive map analysis were introduced in a questionnaire survey of Japanese consumers. The following analytical results were obtained. First, rice policies that promote consumers’ independent orientation for rice consumption including their potential needs about rice such as information, environment, packaging, safety, health, and various ways of eating, etc. are required. Second, Japan’s rice market needs to be transformed from a short tail to a long tail through market-creating innovations. Finally, rice policies to promote the businesses conducted in partnership with consumers and local residents for “Creating Shared Value” through organizational learning and stakeholder management are also required.

Purpose This paper aims to underscore major opportunities for shared value innovation based on data management efficiency, which has often been overlooked so far. By integrating prior research about digital transformation, shared value creation, entrepreneurial marketing and the innovation-based view of firm performance, it addresses a major gap in the literature. Design/methodology/approach The innovation-based arguments illustrate how efficient data management may lead to different types of innovation, which provide opportunities for growth and efficiency gains after the coronavirus pandemic. Findings Many companies’ digitalization programs have concentrated on strengthening the efficiency of current business processes. Thus, these initiatives have contributed to the efficiency of traditional analog activities by using data and smart algorithms. In contrast, the efficiency of the underlying data management was largely neglected, but the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted its importance. To overcome the limited emphasis on sustainability and efficiency in the digital context, this paper focuses on data management efficiency. After detailing this concept, it is linked to the growing literature about creating shared value, and a process segmentation for implementing shared value innovations in the field of digital efficiency is developed. Originality/value The paper extends research into digital transformation by emphasizing that the distinction of effectiveness and efficiency is as relevant in the digital context as in the traditional analog environment. It further provides new insights into creating shared value because it increases the awareness of researchers and managers to consider data management efficiency as a basis for shared value innovation with positive effects on the triple bottom line. The paper also contributes to entrepreneurial marketing research because data management efficiency provides significant opportunities for entrepreneurs, startup firms and innovators in established organizations to develop entirely new markets based on new services, solutions and business models. Finally, the paper deepens the understanding of the innovation-based view of firm performance.

Reciprocal mentorship is how Indigenous students and non-Indigenous supervisors can supportively navigate their way through graduate research in higher education. Reciprocal mentorship as trans-systemic knowledge values both Indigenous and Eurocentric worldviews, whereby the student has the expertise from Indigenous community and the academic supervisor has the expertise in the academic world. Through sharing stories of their research journey within a Canadian University, Webster and Bishop offer key insights around engaging in reciprocal mentorship, navigating the two-worlds, finding a common language, and having shared values. As a result, Indigenous and non-Indigenous students and supervisors may see themselves within the stories and seek reciprocal mentorship to be successful in the academic research and educational journey and make an impact in their university and beyond.

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are to sensitise with the cause of sport development in India; to familiarize with the concepts of SDGs and sport development continuum in context of the Tata Trusts work in sports (Sports Portfolio); to relate strategy concepts of resources, SWOT analysis, cooperative implications, Carroll's CSR pyramid and Porter-Kramer strategic corporate social performance and shared value framework of inside-out and outside-in linkages with the Sports Portfolio strategy at the Tata Trusts; and to link sport development concepts like sport and development, sports development continuum and capacity building with the Sports Portfolio work at the Tata Trusts. Case overview/synopsis The case explores the sport and development issues faced by Ms Neelam Babardesai, Head of Sports Portfolio, Tata Trusts in Mumbai, India. The Trusts had a long history of contributing to the development of sport in India and looked forward to aligning their work in the sport with the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs). They started Sports Portfolio in 2016–2017 intending to complement their work in education and generate positive socio-economic change at the grassroots (local community) level in India. They also had the resources to implement the programmes. However, they were faced with issues like the deficiency of physical literacy in schools resulting in the disinterest of children and parents in sport and physical activity, which also might lead to health issues, later in life, minimal cooperation between entities involved with sport and development, lack of structured sports programmes and skilled human resources and the national sports policy needing better details and implementation and follow-up plans in India. Their strategic response was based on the use of a “sports development pyramid”, capacity building, alignment with the SDGs and complementary partnerships and collaborations. What were the outcomes? Should they continue with the same strategic approach? What should be their future course of action for sport and development? How should they respond to the COVID-19 crisis? Ms Babardesai reflected upon the above questions while concluding that India needed a long-term strategy for the development of sport. Complexity Academic Level The case is intended to be taught in the class of strategic management for postgraduate or master's level participants of business administration for concepts like resources, SWOT analysis, cooperative implications, corporate social responsibility (CSR), shared value and introducing the concept of the UN SDGs (SDGs), capacity building and sports development continuum (sports development domain) in context of the Indian sports scenario. The case should be equally useful in teaching relevant courses related to sports management and development. It may also be used for courses related to development studies and sustainability at the master’s level. The case may also be used by practitioners and researchers associated with sport and development/sports development and SDGs. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy

The existence of different stakeholders in a system, the actual and potential contradictions that may not be identified, and the long-term consequences of each decision are significant challenges in the process of developing a system. Information technology-based services are among the systems that usually interact with users and have a significant impact on their environment. The present study attempts to properly understand and develop the services of an intercity payment system in Iran. After recognizing the problem step by step, an innovative methodology was designed to structure the problem. In the early stages, using one of the critical frameworks after identifying stakeholders, research on the system was conducted, and interviews were identified, which are involved and affected people by the system. Critiques of stakeholders became to viable option during the specified process. Additionally, inspired by the soft operational research (OR), the obtained results were examined in terms of the executive contradictions, and then to evaluate and select the correct options, the long-term consequences of each decision were identified using Multi Attribute Decision-Making. Moreover, the evaluation of options for different stakeholders was done by their representatives using their related criteria to select the best options from the opposing options. Ultimately, the presented methodology is designed to provide a slow movement from qualitative to quantitative form. Consequently, based on creating shared value, the product has been redesigned to satisfy all stakeholders.

This paper examines the home-based creating shared value (CSV) projects of two multinational corporations (MNCs), and three small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). One CSV project was examined in each firm. Based on qualitative case studies, we developed two bricolage-based models to represent different motives, different processes of resource acquisition, and different processes of resource utilization when implementing CSV. For the MNCs, both based in Hong Kong, institutional advocacy and recognition provided encouragement to engage in CSV. Internal resource slack underpinned their ability to implement their respective CSV projects by repurposing internal resources or infusing them with purpose. By contrast, the SMEs, two from Pakistan and one from Hong Kong, found it necessary to adopt collective bricolage for their respective CSV projects, involving repurposing external human resources while drawing on donations or grants and enlisting the collaboration of benevolent external experts or giants. Interviewees indicated that all the focal CSV projects were distinguishable from corporate social responsibility (CSR) projects, in that the former (but not the latter) were designed to create economic revenue for the respective focal firms, while concurrently generating social/environmental benefits. Most of the CSV projects were reported to have created significant economic value for external beneficiaries.

This study investigates the effects of information technology (IT) integration and IT flexibility on information sharing and collaborative planning within supply chain. It also examines the moderat...

Despite the widespread popularity of the Creating Shared Value (CSV) discourse, its ‘business case’ and ‘win–win’ rhetoric remain problematic. This paper adds an inclusive development perspective to the debate, arguing that analysing CSV strategies through an inclusivity lens contributes to a better operationalisation of societal value; makes tensions and contradictions between economic and societal value explicit and uncovers processes of inclusion, exclusion and adverse inclusion. We illustrate this by analysing Nestlé’s CSV strategy in its cocoa supply chains in Ghana based on content analysis of company documents, interviews with value chain actors and stakeholders, and focus groups with farmers. We ask how Nestlé frames and implements its CSV discourse in practice and how this relates to the social, relational and environmental dimensions of inclusive development. Findings show how the company addresses inclusive development dimensions in its corporate discourse, practices and business operations, and what trade-offs it faces. We then unmask the inherent tension between business objectives and societal interests and explain why the scope, issues addressed and societal impacts of CSV remain constrained. We conclude that CSV can help reduce a company’s impact on some persistent societal issues, but that its contribution to transformational change remains limited because the need to uphold competitive advantages and short-term financial performance narrows its ability to address all inclusivity dimensions. Legislation mandating responsible business conduct and due diligence can reduce this inherent tension by levelling the playing field between companies addressing inclusivity issues vis-à-vis those who do not.

Introduction: Policies regarding cannabis use are rapidly evolving in the United States as exemplified by the legalization of recreational use in 11 states and the District of Columbia. Previous cannabis-related laws, however, disproportionately targeted communities of color before legalization, and many argue new policies are not being developed with the input of minority stakeholders postlegalization. Given that biomedical research has also historically underrepresented communities of color, there is an obligation on the part of researchers now to actively work toward improving equity in cannabis research at a time when the field is rapidly expanding. This is particularly important for research concerning therapeutic uses of cannabis and risk liabilities. Objective: This article is a call to action to improve equity and inclusion in cannabis research design and practice. Specifically, it includes three recommendations focusing on (1) inclusiveness of recruitment, (2) improve demographic reporting in articles, and (3) strengthening publication requirements. Conclusion: These efforts will enhance the shared values and ethics of our field and improve the quality and validity of our research findings moving forward.

We propose a conceptual framework for analysing the relationship between social emancipation and alternative technology development. Key is the “functional autonomy” of the collective of users and developers of the technology vis-a-vis state and capital. We draw on previous empirical work about three hacker projects to substantiate the claim that the functional autonomy of hackers rests on three “pillars of autonomy”: technical skill, shared values, and collective memory. These three pillars sustain the autonomy of a community of hackers so that it may successfully resist recuperation attempts by capital. We make this claim in contradistinction to looser constellations of users, citizen scientists, DIY hobbyists, etc., where the functional autonomy tends to be much weaker. Hence, in the latter case, we should expect the actors to be recuperated in short time. The emancipatory promises that they make in regard to their practices, and are often mirrored in the academic literature about user innovation, citizen science, etc., will then turn sour. From this observation, we develop a second-order reflection on the role of the scholar studying purportedly emancipatory technology projects. As against the popular “follow-the-actors” approach, we defend the continued need for scholarly critique. We do so with the caveat that critique must in part be conducted as self-critique.

The article modifies the way of applying the stakeholder approach to corporate governance amid the global coronavirus crisis. The study clarifies and systematizes the views of a wide range of researchers who have developed their own approaches to studying the topical problems of implementing the stakeholder model of corporate governance under crisis. The theory of corporate governance and its stakeholder model constitute the methodological basis of the study. The methods of generalization, grouping, systematization and content analysis are used. The information base includes 85 studies published from 1980 to 2021 and indexed in the international and local databases, as well as fundamental scientific works reflecting the basic provisions of the scientific review article. The current research presents the evolution of views on the development of the stakeholder model, while focusing on the practical aspects of its application. The concept of shared value creation and its progress in numerous studies is seen as an extension of stakeholder theory and an attempt to transform capitalism according to the principles of "stakeholder capitalism". The findings of the given scientific review can serve as a theoretical platform for further examination of the stakeholder model of corporate governance in the context of new paradigm declaration concentrated on creating value for stakeholders and the real implementation of responsible business behavior in the context of a pandemic and post-pandemic economy.

School collaboration has become a popular approach for education improvement in global education reform. This study examined the dynamics of stakeholder school collaboration in China to improve public education using a case study focused on an Education Group government initiative in Chengdu, China. Frist an introduction to a global reform for education improvement through school collaboration is given, followed by a review of global reform for school collaboration and Hargreaves and Shirley’s discussion on design and innovation for school networks and collaboration to visualize the framework for the interpretation of the stakeholders’ school collaborative interactions. Then, the school collaboration for education improvement in China is examined in detail based on 20 interviews with stakeholders from educational authorities, the lead and member schools involved in the establishment of the Education Groups in Chengdu, China. The interviews were designed based on a review of policy documents about construction of the Education Groups in Chengdu. The findings revealed that the establishment of the Education Groups in Chengdu was driven by both top-down initiatives and bottom-up innovations, and while there had been some success in improving education quality in the lower performing schools, the stakeholder interactions had been hindered by the lack of policy coordination within and beyond the education reforms. It was concluded that a collective institutional context was needed to foster the shared values and trust needed between all stakeholders and promote the sustainable reform of the Education Groups to ensure education equity and quality.

PurposeThe aim of this study is to understand how virtual teams experience perceived proximity. Existing literature suggests that perceived proximity can be achieved through quality communication and increased identification. However, not much is known as to how these two may be achieved within the context of virtual teams.Design/methodology/approachThe authors address their research question through a comparative case study, with the help of two virtual teams of software developers and the authors adopt a subset from the Constructivist Grounded Theory Method procedures for the purposes of coding to understand the potential explanations regarding the two teams' differences in perceptions of perceived proximity.FindingsThe authors’ study shows that shared mental models support quality communication and team members to identify with the shared values of their team. Quality communication is easier achieved when the team shares a dynamic and evolving understanding of the tools for communication and collaboration. The authors also draw attention to the importance of how work is organised and the influence of the temporal dimension on virtual teams beyond the temporal organisation of collaborative work.Originality/valueThe value of this study is found in its contribution towards the development of a formal connection between perceived proximity and shared mental models, that is empirically grounded, and which holds an explanatory value in addressing how perceived proximity can be supported rather than compromised.

Using the concept of institutional habitus, the article analyses the distinctive everyday practices in two nursery schools (privately-funded Forest nursery and publicly-funded Estate nursery). Based on data from interviews and from direct observations it explores how the habitus of both nurseries is constituted; focusing on social context of each nursery, its organizational structure, shared values and interpersonal and community relationships. Those aspects are discussed with theories of parental attitudes and styles and its consequences for social reproduction as addressed in the works of Bourdieu, Lareau, and Reay. The analysis shows that parents are hoping for similar outcomes (e.g. self-reliance) however they believe in different paths leading to those goals. Additionally, through looking at the habitually framed difference in the perceptions of discipline and social control exercised through institutional rules we illustrated how the exclusivity of private institution is constructed. We concluded, it is not just the required fee, but also the adequate level of cultural capital needed to understand the sophisticated code of rules that are framed by freedom and as voluntary. The analysis of such subtle processes is important for understanding educational inequalities and reinforcing social cohesion through education.

As social purpose organizations (SPOs) feature dual economic and social goals, contemporary research is beginning to grasp the importance of value creation being shared amongst network actors. However, how an SPO's business model can fully leverage the resources of others to enable and enhance value creation has not yet been fully explained. Drawing on interview data, video-graphic content analysis and secondary data, this study investigates the case of a German music festival to explore how shared value creation has been enhanced by moving from an organization-centric business model to instead become a platform for engagement with numerous other actor groups. This study contributes to the social enterprise literature by demonstrating that despite modest funding and minimal staffing, an organization can bring together a broad network of others to engage in resource integration and shared value creation for social good.

Sustainability problems often seem intractable. One reason for this is due to difficulties coordinating actors’ efforts to address socially responsible outcomes. Drawing on theories of bounded ethicality and incorporating work on communicating shared values in coordinating action this paper outlines the lack coordination as a matching issue, one complicated by underlying heterogeneity in actors’ moral values and thus motivation to address socially responsible outcomes. Three factors contribute to this matching problem. First, we argue it is not actors’ simple cognitive awareness, but their moral awareness of social issues that explains why certain actors move to address problems while others do not. In other words, actors may recognize sustainability problems, but are not motivated to solve them as they are not understood as moral problems. Second, we posit that progress requires alignment in issues that some actors find worth addressing whereas others do not, thus explaining how heterogeneity in moral perceptions interrupt coordination towards socially important goals. Finally, we propose that progress is undermined if actors myopically focus on level-specific outcomes in ways that elucidates why institutional responses often fail to address individual outcomes and vice versa. We use the existing literature on the socially important issue of food waste to examine our theoretical contribution and develop a typology that explains conditions that inhibit (or promote) coordination. Thus, our work proposes a psycho-structural view on matching and coordination toward sustainable outcomes, highlighting how psychological and structural constraints prevent effective coordination in addressing sustainability goals.

PurposeThis ethnographic revisit of a general hospital aims to critically explore and describe the mechanisms of corporate culture change and how institutional excellence is facilitated and constrained by everyday management practices between 1996/1997 and 2014/2015.Design/methodology/approachA five-month field study of day-to-day life in the hospital's nursing division was conducted by means of an ethnographic revisit, using participant-observation, semi-structured interviews, free conversations and documentary material.FindingsUsing labour process analysis with ethnographic data from a general hospital, the corporate culture is represented as faceted, complex and sophisticated, lending little support to the managerial claims that if corporate objectives are realised, they are achieved through some combination of shared values, beliefs and managerial practices. The findings tend to support the critical view in labour process writing that modern managerial initiatives lead to tightened corporate control, advanced employee subjection and extensive effort intensification. The findings demonstrate the way in which the nursing employees enthusiastically embrace many aspects of the managerial message and yet, at the same time, still remain suspicious and distance themselves from it through misbehaviour and adaptation, and, in some cases, use the rhetoric against management for their own ends.Practical implicationsWhat are the implications for clinical and managerial practitioners? The recommendations are to (1) develop managerial practitioners who are capable of managing change combined with the professional autonomy of clinical practitioners, (2) take care to practise what you preach in clinical and managerial reality, as commitment, consent, compliance and difference of opinion are signs of a healthy corporate culture and (3) consider the implications between social structures and human actions with different work behaviours on different levels involved.Originality/valueThis ethnographic revisit considers data from a labour process analysis of corporate culture change in a general hospital and revisits the ways in which contradictory expectations and pressures are experienced by nursing employees and management practitioners spread 17 years apart.

Background: The development of large data sets, including genomic data, coupled with rapid advances in personalized medicine where citizens increasingly face complex choices about the use of their genomic information implies that citizens are essential stakeholders in genomics. They should be engaged in the ethical, legal and societal issues to produce a framework that fosters trust and allows them to guide the technology based on their values. Objective: This article highlights that citizens' conceptions of the human genome inform about and make sense of their main values regarding the use of genomic information, which is critical for policymakers, experts and stakeholders to understand to maintain the public support in genomics. Method: Through an inductive thematic approach, we reanalysed data collected for the Belgian citizen forum, which aimed to produce recommendations for the Ministry of Public Health and other stakeholders. Results: Citizens expressed four conceptions of the genome that determined which uses of genomic information they supported: the most intimate part of individuals; ‘I am more than my genome’; the individual's property vs the common good; and uncertainty and fear. Conclusion: Diversity in their conceptions reveals remaining conflicts of values among citizens, mainly regarding a conception of the genome as an individual property or a common good. However, despite differing conceptions, shared values emerged such as solidarity, privacy, no genetic discrimination and the right to an open future, where individual and common interests coexist. Patient or public contribution: The panel of the citizen forum consisted of 32 citizens.

This study explores the confluence of moral reasoning and strategic framing in public relations tactics to address cultural variations in national policy debates. While much scholarly attention has...

We propose that digital technologies and related data become increasingly prevalent and that, consequently, ethical concerns arise. Looking at four principal stakeholders, we propose corporate digital responsibility (CDR) as a novel concept. We define CDR as the set of shared values and norms guiding an organization's operations with respect to four main processes related to digital technology and data. These processes are the creation of technology and data capture, operation and decision making, inspection and impact assessment, and refinement of technology and data. We expand our discussion by highlighting how to managerially effectuate CDR compliant behavior based on an organizational culture perspective. Our conceptualization unlocks future research opportunities, especially regarding pertinent antecedents and consequences. Managerially, we shed first light on how an organization's shared values and norms regarding CDR can get translated into actionable guidelines for users. This provides grounds for future discussions related to CDR readiness, implementation, and success.

The role of the technologies, concepts, and philosophies associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has been argued to hold significant value in the quest for sustainability. Furthermore, the concept of ‘shared value’ has been put forward as an approach that holds significant value when aiming to bring about socially just, economically fair, and environmentally friendly production and consumption practices. The importance of the link between the concept of shared value and 4IR is explored in this paper using bibliometric analysis, and we expose the different structures of these fields, including keywords, key authors, and the coherence of these two scientific networks in order to uncover areas of integration between them. The findings of this analysis indicate that a clear gap in integration exists; and the opportunity for research in this field could further contribute to the debate on using innovative, contemporary technologies — such as those associated with 4IR — to support approaches to ensure increasingly sustainable business practices, such as shared value.

The study aims to investigate the role of livelihood diversification and social capital for the households’ movement, and also to explore the identity and bond of social capital and livelihood diversification to achieve an improved lifestyle. Human relations significantly create a network society, impalpable resource of community, shared values and trust which we draw upon in our daily lives. Livelihood diversification is a community-practised strategy for managing economic and income diversity in poverty reduction. It has highly emphasized income and well-being to diversify livelihood. It also turns the likely norms and networks with the households from exploiting new economic opportunities even in the future. This study responds to why people are migrating from the surrounding and the long distance of Kathmandu, and largely dependent on direct cash incomes from informal activities. It used qualitative approaches such as ethnography, case studies, participant observation, etc. to study the relationship between households and social capital level and livelihood diversification. Hence, the effects of social capital and livelihood diversification were found protecting households’ income. The major findings also show the social supportive network index which has significant effects on the households’ ability to learn a new livelihood. Income generations similarly affect the household capacity to secure a home and the socio-economic condition of households. This study can be advantageous for making both local and urban policy to diversify household livelihoods and social capital as well as applicable for new researchers in social sciences. Most importantly, it helps readers perceive new ways of promoting livelihood diversification and social capital and as a whole social advancement in Central Nepal.

This study aims to reveal the meaning of the Creating Shared Value (CSV) practice as a contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at PT Pupuk Kaltim (PKT) with a case study approach. CSV with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept that does have the same umbrella, which is a charity to the community and contributes to SDG's but in practice these two concepts are different. The difference lies in the value generated. CSV provides significant value to the company in the form of profit in the form of reducing the company's activity costs and is related to the company's core business products so that the value that arises to the company is not only a good view (image) by the community. When implementing the CSR concept, the company focuses on carrying out charity actions to the community so that it creates a good corporate image by the community and does not focus on the value that is generated profitably to the company. PKT has implemented CSV practice with the floating net cages (FNC) program. The KJA program carries out activities with the grouper and lobster cultivation program and PKT's business activity is in the field of fertilizers. FNC has provided a good view from the community for PKT but the FNC that is claimed by PKT as an FNC Program is not yet a concept of CSV. In practice, FNC is more appropriate to say CSR because it has not provided profit value for PKT.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the current status and identify the main trends in leading Russian companies’ corporate sustainability model transformation in the context of achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). Design/methodology/approach A theoretical approach is based on the interpretation of corporate sustainability model transformation within the corporate social performance (CSP) framework. The corporate sustainability model is described according to Dyllick and Muff (2016) business sustainability (BST) 1.0-3.0 spectrum. The analysis is settled on survey data collected from leading Russian companies participated in the “Report on Social Investments in Russia” project conducted by the Russian Managers Association from 2008 to 2019. Findings This paper finds that the BST 2.0 is becoming a dominant model based on the “creating shared value” goal. The related CSP is characterized by their orientation to the principles of the UN Global Compact; by the emergence of a coordinating role for specialized departments of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and/or sustainability; and by the regular sustainability reporting. The SDGs are generally correlated with responsible business practices that are already in existence in companies. The emerging trend towards the advanced BST 3.0 model including the SDGs integration into the main business processes is constrained by the lack of active cooperation between companies. Research limitations/implications The research sample includes only large Russian companies with a significant industry diversity, participating in the “Report on Social Investments in Russia” project, thereby restricting the analysis of non-participants. The relatively low repetition of participants in this long-term project does also restrict the degree of generalization. Future research could be based on the findings of this paper to create and test hypotheses via a nationwide study of Russian businesses as well as cross-national comparative studies. Practical implications The analysis of the corporate sustainability model transformation through studying the key CSP framework elements could support Russian companies in creating systemic changes of their principles, processes and outcomes measurements in the context of achieving the UN SDGs. Originality/value This study contributes to existing literature by combining the corporate sustainability model transformation analysis with the CSP framework. It describes the experience of large Russian companies that publicly position themselves as national leaders in the field of CSR and sustainable development.

Tässä integroivassa kirjallisuuskatsauksessa selvitettiin, miten ammatillista kuntoutusta ja tuettua työllistymistä koskevassa kansainvälisessä kirjallisuudessa on jäsennetty työnantajien ja työhönvalmennuksen ammattilaisten välistä yhteistyötä ja suhdetta. Keskityimme siihen, millaiset työnantajayhteistyön toimintatavat ja strategiat on nähty toimiviksi ja miten yhteistyösuhdetta rakennetaan ja ylläpidetään. Aineiston muodostivat yksilöityjen hakukriteerien avulla valikoidut 19 tekstiä tieteellisistä aikakauslehdistä. Aineisto analysoitiin temaattisen analyysin periaatteita hyödyntäen. Analyysissa hahmottui neljä teemaa. Keskeisiä yhteistyöhön liittyviä toimintatapoja olivat jalkautuminen työnantajien maailmaan ja tämän maailman ymmärtäminen sekä molemminpuolisten hyötyjen ja yhteisten arvojen löytäminen konsultoivan työotteen avulla. Yhteistyösuhteen rakentumisen kannalta olennaista oli pitkäkestoisten suhteiden ylläpito sekä luottamus ja työhönvalmennuksen ammattilaisen saatavilla olo. Tärkeää oli myös yhteistyötä tukevien resurssien riittävyyden varmistaminen ja resurssien vahvistaminen palveluita tuottavissa organisaatioissa. Abstract Employer cooperation in vocational rehabilitation and supported employment. An integrative literature review In this integrative literature review, we explore how the relationship and cooperation between the employers and employment specialists have been described in the international vocational rehabilitation and supported employment literature. We examine, what kind of practices and strategies of cooperation have been assessed as functional and how the cooperative relationship is built and maintained. The data consisted of 19 texts published in academic journals and selected by using customized search criteria. The data was analyzed by applying the principles of thematic analysis. Four themes were identified. Essential practices of cooperation included entering and understanding the world of the employers and furthermore, finding mutual benefits and shared values through a consultative working approach. In building the cooperative relationship, maintaining long-term relationships as well as reliability and availability of the employment specialist were crucial. In addition, it appeared important that the service provider organizations ensure and provide the sufficient resources for the cooperation. Keywords: vocational rehabilitation, job coaching, supported employment, employer cooperation

The aim of the research is the investigation of the essential theoretical aspects of smart culture management. The article formulates the theoretical construct of smart culture management by combining cultural management and management concepts, closely linking cultural management with the implementation of cultural policy and seeing the specifics of smart cultural management.Qualitative analysis was performed of theoretical sources of foreign countries and Lithuania. Also, a comparative analysis of different concepts was carried out, highlighting similarities and differences of concepts (in order to discern correlations between them).Five groups of cultural management concepts are distinguished: cultural management as specific management in art and culture; cultural management as a phenomenon, process reflecting the formation and implementation of cultural policy; cultural management as an institution management; cultural management as a profession and academic discipline; cultural management as leadership-based management. Theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of smartness in cultural management allowed us to distinguish six dimensions of smartness: strategic, creative development, harmonization of interests in the cultural sector, empowered cultural sector parties, the harmony of intellectual and technological capital, the culture of shared value creation.Exploring the urban cultural field situation, using a model that reflects the 6 dimensions of smart culture management and 18 qualities of a smart social system, will highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the cultural field. By analyzing the weaknesses, the researchers will be able to make recommendations on how to improve the current situation. Improving the cultural field at the local level will significantly increase the quality of cultural services provided to the population.In future research, it is planned to apply the theoretical model of smart culture management to the analysis of situation analysis in the selected city. Analysis based on this theoretical model can also be performed at the state level, thus providing a comprehensive view of the cultural field situation.

This study aims to explore the uniqueness of the psychological contract in the Faith-Based Organization (FBO). Psychological contracts, as part of the bond between individuals and organizations, are constantly evolving research. In line with the Conservation of Organizational Resources (COR) theory, organizations strive to defend their resources. Faith-Based Organization (FBO) is an organization with minimal written formal contracts. The bond with the members is a bond with the same values ??and goals. This research examines the psychological contract of FBO, from the aspects of formation, contribution, and violation. The formation of shared values ??which becomes the affective commitment of FBO members is specifically discussed because of the uniqueness of the organization with its ideological and religiosity sides. Using the lens of the COR theory, this study sees the psychological contract of the two elements of the FBO, namely members and organizations. This study is a literature review using traditional narrative methods. The results show that there have not been many in-depth studies of the psychological contract on religious organizations (FBO) with religious aspects that characterize the psychology of individuals in it. This study creates new gaps in research related to psychological contracts.

Sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) involves changing products, processes, organizations and wider systems to deliver environmental, social and economic value. Nonprofit organizations can contribute the external knowledge required for SOI; however, businesses can find it difficult to engage with nonprofits due to their contrasting institutional logics. This article explores what works in these partnerships. Findings from five case studies of SOI projects involving business-nonprofit engagement are synthesized into a context-intervention-mechanism-outcome (CIMO)-logic framework. Value outcomes occur through three mechanisms where partners: 1) secure value by enforcing their own interests (agent control); 2) recombine their assets and capabilities to create value for partners, society and the environment (resource integration); and 3) navigate differences between institutional logics to enhance shared value (value empathy). The salience of contextual factors, including compatibility of what the authors term engagement logics as well as institutional logics, influences the interventions deployed, the mechanisms through which interventions operate, and outcomes. The framework offers practitioners a tool for selecting interventions in their own context.