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Background: The World Health Organization reported Indonesia as one of the countries with the most prevalent cases of diphtheria worldwide. The microbiological aspects of diphtheria-inducing bacteria are of great significance in tracing disease transmission and case management. However, clinical aspects are critical for updating clinical features and case management in the field, which may sometimes differ from theoretical foundations. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the microbiological and clinical aspects, including molecular typing and case fatality rates, in diphtheria-confirmed cases from the capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta, and surrounding areas in 2017. Methods: The microbiological aspect of 40 diphtheria-confirmed cases were obtained by re-identify diphtheria-inducing bacteria isolated from the samples, while the clinical aspects of the cases were obtained from the medical records and epidemiological data. The chi-square test was used to examine the correlation between fatal cases and myocarditis and diphtheria antitoxin administration delay. In this study, P ≤ 0.05 was set as the significance level. Results: All 40 diphtheria confirmed cases were induced by toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae with two biotypes, namely intermedius (60.0%) and mitis (40.0%). There are six sequence types of bacteria with two main sequence types, ie, ST534 (46.4%) and ST377 (35.7%). The proportions of cases that had a fever and sore throat were 72.5% and 77.5%, respectively; however, the prevalence rates of the cases with pseudomembrane and bull neck were 100% and 47%, respectively. Most cases were administered a combination of penicillin or erythromycin with other antibiotics (40%), and 22.5% of the cases only received penicillin. Myocarditis was noticed in three fatal cases, and their relationship was statistically significant (P = 0.000). All five fatal cases (12.5% of cases) received diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) lately or had not received it yet. Conclusions: Toxigenic C. diphtheriae with two biotypes (namely mitis and intermedius) and two main sequence types (ie, ST534 and ST377) was the causative agent of diphtheria-confirmed cases from Jakarta and surrounding areas in 2017. It was also concluded that those fatal cases were correlated with myocarditis complications.

Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diode (UV LED) is becoming popular, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. UV LED has a specific wavelength with relatively narrow bandwidth, especially the one that has a shorter wavelength. On the other hand, UV LED has advantages in its low power consumption, compact size, and longer lifetime. This work shows that a wider bandwidth can be elicited by combining multiple UV LED sources. We have measured several low-cost UV LED, which is used as a germicidal lamp using a portable spectrometer that can detect a wavelength from 200 nm to 850 nm. The combined UV LED spectrum light ranges from 254 nm UVC to 400 nm UVA. The light spectrum produced by the LED shows a form of the Gaussian distribution model. Some LEDs have a peak wavelength at UVC around 270nm, and LEDs have a peak wavelength around 400nm at UVA. We can conclude that the low-cost UV LED can be used as a light source for portable or field spectrometers for specific wavelength.

The Saanen goat has adaptation abilities and is used for genetic improvement through crossbreeding programs with Ettawa breeding to produce Sapera goats in Indonesia. The development requires support for data to determine health and metabolic status. Sixteen juvenile buck goats aged 4-6 months, comprising five Saanen, seven Sapera, and four Ettawa crossbred goats, were used in this study. Blood was collected aseptically through the jugular vein for hematology and biochemical analyses. There were no statistically significant variations in most hematological and biochemical variables, except MCH, MCHC, and P-LCR. MCH in juvenile bucks of both Saanen (40.26 ± 6.94 ρg) and Sapera goats (37.96 ± 6.24 ρg) were lower than that in juvenile bucks of the Ettawa crossbred goats (61.63 ± 19.74 ρg). MCHC in juvenile bucks of both Saanen (40.96 ± 6.82 g/dL) and Sapera goats (37.01 ± 6.72 was lower than that in juvenile bucks of Ettawa crossbred goats (61.18 ± 23.15 g/dL). P-LCR in juvenile bucks of Ettawa crossbred goats (41.30% ± 10.95%) was significantly lower than that in juvenile bucks of both Saanen (63.48 ± 8.98%) and Sapera goats (69.00 ± 12.00%). Besides, no statistically significant variations were observed in enzyme, iron, lipid, and electrolyte activity in all three breeds.

Banyuwangi is a district in East Java province in Indonesia which is known as the Rice Barn of East Java. Banyuwangi region is facing challenges such as population growth, increased consumption of rice, reduced agricultural land because there are several agricultural land used as non-agricultural land. Because of there are production it is not enough from objects with just one period, therefore the use of data panels is one solution because it considers the time period and objects needed to determine the factors that influence rice production. In this study the analysis to model panel data from rice production in Banyuwangi was Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) and Generalized Estimating Equation GEE. In general GAMM as a mixed model, contains random effects so that this model is very useful when inference about individual differences is a major interest. While GEE is a model used to provide the population averaged effect. GEE also has the feature of smoothing natural cubic spline and B-spline so that it can be called GEE (+ NS/BS) which aims to improve the goodness of fitting a model. In this study, we want to see the effect of the total rainfall, harvest area, and population density on rice production. we also develop GAMM in the form of web interface to make users easier to analyze data using GAMM through http://statslab-rshiny.fmipa.unej.ac.id/RProg/MSD/.

Spectrophotometer is modern analytical instrument for analysis the amount of substance based on the color change. However, for high school laboratory practice, only few schools had this instrument for chemical analysis. There are many studies reported the use of daily life electronic for colorimetric analysis such as smartphone, scanner and digital camera. This work demonstrated the used of document scanner for colorimetric glucose determination for easy learn the daily life instrument as analytical device. The color detection was based on the reaction of glucose with glucose oxidase enzyme to produce H2O2. The H2O2 was then reacted with TiOSO4 to produce yellow color. The color formation was captured with a document scanner and the digital image was analyzed using ImageJ software. The result of the used of document scanner showed Horwitz Ratio of 0.40, recovery of 98.4%, linear responses from 0.5 mM to 3.0 mM (r = 0,9989), limit of detection of 0.15 mM and limit of quantification of 0.40 mM.

BACKGROUND Intracranial meningiomas are most common among patients in their fifth to seventh decade of life, typically found in older women. Meningiomas are rare in children and young adults; they represent 1–3% of all intracranial tumors in individuals up to age 20 years and 13.5% of intracranial tumors in the 20–34 age group. Meningioma in young adult male is a rare finding. Management of meningioma is similar between young or older patient. The prognosis is depent on the histology finding and type of resection. This case series was made to report an uncommon case including clinical characteristic and management of meningioma in young adult male. MATERIAL AND METHODS We reported 2 cases of meningioma in young adult male. The first patient was hospitalized on 2016 and diagnosed with atypical meningioma (WHO grade II). The second patient was hospitalized on 2018 and diagnosed with trantitional meningioma (WHO grade I). RESULTS First case: 23 y.o male was hospitalized because of severe headache. His physical exam showed weakness of his left side of the body. There was diplopia that significant for bilateral six nerves palsy. Funduscopy examination revealed papil edema in both eyes correlated with his complained of blurry visions. There was no cranial irradiation from his past medical history. Second case, a male 22 y.o was because of decreased of visual acquity progressively since two month before. There was history of throbbing headache in his left head with mild to moderate intensity. On his neurological examination, there was mild weakness in his right body side. Visual acquity on his right and left eyes were 1/300 and 1/60. Bilateral papil edema was found in funduscopy examination. In his past medical history, there was no history of cranial iradiation. Both cases showed similar initial symptoms consist of headache and others neurological deficit. Radiological examination was performed with result leading to meningioma in convexity area in both cases. Craniotomy tumor removal with gross total resection as simpson grade 2 was achieved in both patients. In the second case pre-operative embolization was performed in order to achieve optimal resection. Histopathology examination confirmed as atypical (WHO grade II) in the first case and trantitional Meningioma (WHO grade I) in second case. Follow up imaging post operation showed no residual mass lesion in both patients. There were no further management in these patients. Both of patients showed improvement in their neurologic function and able to activity without restriction in daily living. Serial imaging examination is planned to observe reccurence of the tumor. CONCLUSION Clinical presentation and management of meningioma in these patients are similar as meningioma commonly. Both of patients showed clinical improvement after craniotomy tumor removal succesfully.

West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) has a very diverse mineral content both metal and non-metal minerals. Sekotong Sub District in West Lombok Regency has mineral resources such as gold, copper, and silver. Artisanal and small scale gold mining activities are carried out without calculating how much potential mining materials are available and at what point and at what depth the minerals are located, the required cost, labor and time. Similarly, cases that occur in artisanal and small scale gold mining areas also occur in the Rambut Petung area, Sekotong Sub District. Therefore, special methods are required to determine the presence of excavated materials that settle beneath the surface of the earth. The method that is often used in identifying subsurface is the geophysical method. The utilization of geophysical methods must be under the nature of the materials to be examined. The data processing results indicate that there are layers consisting of breccias, lava, tuff with lens limestone. Based on the resistivity log, the resistivity value is 44.56 ohms, 3-11 m the resistivity value is 17.33 ohms, 11-89 the resistivity value is 42.39 ohms, and the value of 89-130 is 309.81 ohms.

Mining activities have a considerable effect on the environment. One of the efforts made by the Government is to require mining companies to provide Reclamation Bonds. This Insurance is a total of funds paid by mining companies to the Regional Government as an Insurance for Mining Licensing Owners to reclaim the ex-mining land produced. Based on Article 95 of Law Number 4 of 2009, one of the obligations of Mining Licensing Owners is to apply the rules of proper mining techniques. This research was conducted in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province using interview and documentation methods from the Energy and Mineral Resources Office of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The data used are data of Mining Licensing Owners and data of owners that submitting reclamation insurance. The results of this study are known to 306 Licensing in NTB Province, 127 of which have made reclamation bond payments, while 179 licensing have not made payment. Therefor, as many as 41.5% of licensing owners have had the awareness to pay reclamation bonds. Increasing supervision and administrative sanctions are two measures that can be applied to increase the awareness of Mining Licensing Owners who have not paid reclamation insurance.

This study emphasizes the fulfillness of the audit objectives with performed by evaluating the audit procedures on accounts receivable of non-public company, both related to the audit objectives of detailed balance and the audit objectives of presentation and disclosure. Auditors perform audit procedures include tests of controls and test of detailed balance on accounts receivable account, to reach audit assurances that the audit objectives have been met so that the information and figures included in the presentation and disclosure in accordance with general acceptance standard in Indonesia. This study using the descriptive method which analyzes working papers of auditors that contains the audit procedures performed by the auditor. This study show that not all the audit objectives are met because the audit procedures are not all performed by the auditor. This has significant implications for the presentation of accounts receivable in the financial statements which are not in accordance with the accounting standards. Results of this study are expected to contribute knowledge of audit science.Keywords: account receivable, audit procedures, audit objectives

Financial literacy affects a person's way of thinking on the financial condition and influence strategic decisions in terms of finances and better management for business owners. This study uses secondary data as study materials which will be given to the micro level that businesses with a turnover of up to 300M per year in which the segment in general do not have good financial records to then be used as financial statements. In a study using 12 samples of SMEs in the area of Depok randomly selected. This study uses processed using descriptive statistics as well as the weighting at the level of financial literacy. Results from this study indicate that the level of financial literacy of low business owners so that the effect on the ability to manage finances. This is reflected in the financial results of the attitude of business owners where they merely record the receipt and expenditure of financial business without being accompanied by supporting documents storage. Business owners so far have not made the budget as a basis for evaluating the performance of their businesses. In addition the ability of business owners to manage cash surplus and deficit shows the majority of using banks or non-banks. They have not yet reached the stage of investing in financial products. Simple research is expected to contribute to the field of accounting related to business continuity, especially in terms of financial management business through increased financial literacy. Keywords:. financial literacy, financial management, record keeping, budget

In this study, the authors have tried to analyze student-learning outcomes in terms of student’s gender, educational background in previous school and student force. This study compares the learning outcomes reflected in the Grade Point Average (GPA) obtained by students from three independent variables. The data used in this study is secondary data taken from the academic system. The student population in accounting study program, about 516 students, became the sample in this research. Analyzed the comparative test using the t-test for gender and one-way ANOVA test for testing on the background of the school’s department and student enrollment. The results of this study indicates a difference in learning outcomes between female and male students, but there is no difference between the school’s department and the student enrollment. Keywords: learning outcomes, gender, background of school, student enrollment

Vocational education is an applied education in which students are required to have professional certification. This research is to delve deeper into student perceptions on professional certification exams in accounting and factors that influence students’ decision to follow professional certification. This study used a questionnaire that was distributed to accounting students and collected as many as 157 questionnaires for the purposes of this study. The study used regression analysis and descriptive analysis. The results of this research aims to study the program to better play the role of faculty and university management to further influence and motivate students to obtain a professional degree. Students can have a positive impact in the workplace. This study is confined to the accounting program of the students and the sample data used has not been evenly distributed at every level. Keywords: accounting, professional certification, vocational student

In this paper, we design and investigate a biological signal detection of eye movements (Electrooculogram). To detect a signal of Electrooculogram (EOG) used 4 instrument amplifier process; differential instrumentation amplifier, High Pass Filter (HPF) with 3 stage filters, Low Pass Filter (LPF) with 3 stage filters and Level Shifter circuit. The total of amplifying is 1000 times of gain, with frequency range 0.5-30 Hz. IC OP-Amp OP07 was used for all amplifying process. EOG signal will be read as analog input for Arduino microprocessor, and will interfaced with serial communication to PC Monitor using Processing® software. The result of this research show a differences value of eye movements. Differences signal of EOG have been applied to navigation control of the mobile robot. In this research, all communication process using Bluetooth HC-05.