Author: "Danube-University Krems" / Topic: business.industry - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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19 results on '"Danube-University Krems"'

1. Towards Digital Anti-Corruption Typology for Public Service Delivery

Author: Fredrick Mutungi, Rehema Baguma, Tomasz Janowski, and Danube University Krems, Austria
Subjects: Typology, medicine.medical_specialty, Corrupt practices, Corruption, business.industry, 050204 development studies, Public health, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Audit, Public relations, Payment, 0506 political science, Public service delivery, 0502 economics and business, 050602 political science & public administration, medicine, Business, Database transaction, media_common
Abstract: Digital anti-corruption refers to a family of digital technology tools that are used to fight corruption. Many such tools have not performed well in practice due to their non-alignment with forms of corruption they are supposed to fight against and persistence of corruption-enabling conditions. The aim of this paper is to contribute to filling this gap by offering a typology of digital anti-corruption in public service delivery that can be used to decide what digital measures should be applied to fight against specific forms of corruption or address specific corruption-enabling conditions. The typology also highlights that digital technology can both assist in corrupt practices e.g. theft of digital personal records, and aid the fight against corruption e.g. mobile channels to report incidents of corruption, automated audits of transaction records to uncover fraudulent payments, or service automation to replace discretionary decision making by public officials with rule-based automated decision-making. The typology is grounded in research and policy literature, validated using real-life examples from East Africa, and instantiated to the public health sector. The paper concludes by presenting a range of scenarios for using the typology and offers some recommendations for public authorities.
Published: 2019
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2. Sex-dimorphic genetic effects and novel loci for fasting glucose and insulin variability

Author: Tove Fall, Anubha Mahajan, Dmitry Shungin, B. Balkau, Gerjan Navis, A. Metspalu, Anneli Pouta, Andrew A. Hicks, Ilja M. Nolte, Ian Ford, Aroon D. Hingorani, Stefan R Bornstein, Anuj Goel, Rona J. Strawbridge, Niek Verweij, Sarah H. Wild, Patricia B. Munroe, T.B. Harris, Jaana Lindström, Johnson Pcd., Nita G. Forouhi, Pierre Meneton, Patricia A. Peyser, Sarin A-P., Andrea Ganna, Timothy M. Frayling, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Joanne M. Meyer, Yongmei Liu, Jeanette M. Stafford, Christian Herder, L Zudina, Maria G. Stathopoulou, May E. Montasser, Nicholas D. Hastie, Inês Barroso, Schwarz Peh., James B. Meigs, Perttu Salo, George Davey Smith, Gonneke Willemsen, Christopher J. Groves, Erik P A Van Iperen, M. A. Province, Veikko Salomaa, Naveed Sattar, Serena Sanna, Maria Dimitriou, Joop Jukema, Ulrika Krus, Albert V. Smith, Markku Laakso, James F. Wilson, George Nicholson, Loic Yengo, Tatijana Zemunik, Per Eriksson, Harold Snieder, Peter P. Pramstaller, Claudia Langenberg, R. Rauramaa, Alan R. Shuldiner, Pau Navarro, Veronique Vitart, Ross M. Fraser, Aaron Isaacs, C. Lecoeur, Jesper R. Gådin, Jackie F. Price, Letizia Marullo, L.F. Bielak, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Amélie Bonnefond, Michael Stumvoll, Alessia Faggian, Anke Tönjes, Tomohiro Tanaka, Wieland Kiess, Harry Campbell, Josée Dupuis, David Altshuler, João Fadista, Winfried März, G K Hovingh, Thomas Illig, Toby Johnson, H Grallert, Kari Stefansson, Reedik Mägi, Palmer Cna., de Geus Ejcn., Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Karen Kapur, Philippe Froguel, Dorret I. Boomsma, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Marcus E. Kleber, Boehnke M, Olga D. Carlson, Ozren Polasek, Andrew P. Morris, Alex S. F. Doney, Najaf Amin, Sara M. Willems, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jose C. Florez, Jeffery R. O'Connell, Nancy L. Pedersen, T. Saaristo, Wolffenbuttel Bhr., M. I. J. Uusitupa, Longda Jiang, Iva Miljkovic, James S. Pankow, Caroline Hayward, Hugh Watkins, Vasiliki Lagou, Johanna Kuusisto, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Alan F. Wright, Josephine M. Egan, Perry Jrb., C M van Duijn, Valeriya Lyssenko, Leif Groop, Stefania Bandinelli, Nigel W. Rayner, Tõnu Esko, Stela McLachlan, Momoko Horikoshi, Eric Boerwinkle, Rick Jansen, Richard N. Bergman, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Lyle J. Palmer, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Peter Kovacs, Nicholas J. Wareham, Luigi Ferrucci, N J Timpson, D Rybin, Anne U. Jackson, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Harst Pvd., Meena Kumari, Albert Hofman, Chiara Scapoli, Evelin Mihailov, Josine L. Min, Anders Hamsten, Hottenga J-J., Loos Rjf., Lars Lind, Ulf de Faire, Jaakko Kaprio, Guo Li, Beate St Pourcain, C Gieger, Amanda J. Bennett, Anna Ulrich, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Satu Männistö, Antigone S. Dimas, Jarvelin M-R., Günther Silbernagel, F Karpe, A. Körner, David S. Siscovick, M Blüher, Rebecca J. Webster, Erik Ingelsson, Susan Campbell, Mika Kivimäki, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Heikki A. Koistinen, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Bernhard O. Boehm, Inga Prokopenko, Ping An, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Kardia Slr., Richa Saxena, Igor Rudan, Richard M. Watanabe, Jian'an Luan, Marika Kaakinen, Shin S-Y., George Dedoussis, Panagiotis Deloukas, Mark I. McCarthy, Barbara Thorand, B.W.J.H. Penninx, Peter Vollenweider, Paul W. Franks, Leena Kinnunen, Markus Perola, Yvonne Boettcher, Timo A. Lakka, Nicole Soranzo, Stavroula Kanoni, Bakker Sjl., Winkelmann Br, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Institute of Genomics [Tartu, Estonia], University of Tartu, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Boston University [Boston] (BU), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], University of Bristol [Bristol], Biomedical Sciences Research Centre Alexander Fleming [Vari, Greece] (BSRC), Imperial College London, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University [Maastricht], MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine [Edinburgh] (IGMM), University of Edinburgh-Medical Research Council, National Institute on Aging [Baltimore, MD, USA] (NIH), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Wake Forest University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Washington [Seattle], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Glasgow, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Medical School, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], University of Edinburgh, Medical Faculty [Mannheim], University of Graz, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Umeå University, Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund], RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences [Yokohama] (RIKEN IMS), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Split, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Eastern Finland, Harokopio University of Athens, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), University of Kuopio, German Center for Diabetes Research - Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung [Neuherberg] (DZD), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Ninewells Hospital and Medical School [Dundee], University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Essex, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], University of Helsinki, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences [Glasgow], University of Oulu, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota System, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Amsterdam UMC, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus [Dresden, Germany], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], King Abdulaziz University, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere University Hospital, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Danube University Krems, Harvard School of Public Health, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Universität zu Lübeck [Lübeck], University of Exeter, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals [Tarrytown], University of Adelaide, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute on Aging [Bethesda, USA] (NIA), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Big Data Institute, University of Surrey (UNIS), University of Bergen (UiB), Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, University of Liverpool, University of Manchester [Manchester], Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of Ufa Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Experimental Vascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, SIEST, Sofia, PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care - - PreciDIAB2018 - ANR-18-IBHU-0001 - IBHU - VALID, Understanding the dynamic determinants of glucose homeostasis and social capability to promote Healthy and active aging - DYNAHEALTH - - H20202015-04-01 - 2019-03-31 - 633595 - VALID, Beyond the Genetics of Addiction - ADDICTION - - EC:FP7:ERC2011-12-01 - 2017-05-31 - 284167 - VALID, Rise of scientific excellence and collaboration for implementing personalised medicine in Estonia - ePerMed - - H20202016-01-01 - 2018-12-31 - 692145 - VALID, University of Oxford, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale et Ingénierie des Connaissances en e-Santé (LIMICS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), ANR-18-IBHU-0001,PreciDIAB,PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care(2018), European Project: 633595,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,DYNAHEALTH(2015), European Project: 284167,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101124,ADDICTION(2011), European Project: 692145,H2020,H2020-TWINN-2015,ePerMed(2016), Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Functional Genomics, APH - Mental Health, Sociology and Social Gerontology, APH - Methodology, Hottenga, Jouke- Jan [0000-0002-5668-2368], Bouatia-Naji, Nabila [0000-0001-5424-2134], Jansen, Rick [0000-0002-3333-6737], Min, Josine L. [0000-0003-4456-9824], Faggian, Alessia [0000-0002-3799-9722], Bonnefond, Amélie [0000-0001-9976-3005], Isaacs, Aaron [0000-0001-5037-4834], Willems, Sara M. [0000-0002-6803-3007], Navarro, Pau [0000-0001-5576-8584], Jackson, Anne U. [0000-0002-9672-2547], Bielak, Lawrence F. [0000-0002-3443-8030], Saxena, Richa [0000-0003-2233-1065], Smith, Albert V. [0000-0003-1942-5845], Verweij, Niek [0000-0002-4303-7685], Goel, Anuj [0000-0003-2307-4021], Johnson, Paul C. D. [0000-0001-6663-7520], Strawbridge, Rona J. [0000-0001-8506-3585], Fall, Tove [0000-0003-2071-5866], Fraser, Ross M. [0000-0003-0488-2592], Kanoni, Stavroula [0000-0002-1691-9615], Giedraitis, Vilmantas [0000-0003-3423-2021], Kleber, Marcus E. [0000-0003-0663-7275], Müller-Nurasyid, Martina [0000-0003-3793-5910], Luan, Jian’an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Sanna, Serena [0000-0002-3768-1749], Nolte, Ilja M. [0000-0001-5047-4077], Zemunik, Tatijana [0000-0001-8120-2891], Kovacs, Peter [0000-0002-0290-5423], Wild, Sarah H. [0000-0001-7824-2569], McLachlan, Stela [0000-0003-0480-6143], Egan, Josephine [0000-0002-8945-0053], Hicks, Andrew A. [0000-0001-6320-0411], Thorand, Barbara [0000-0002-8416-6440], Hingorani, Aroon [0000-0001-8365-0081], Kivimaki, Mika [0000-0002-4699-5627], Koistinen, Heikki A. [0000-0001-7870-070X], Bakker, Stephan J. L. [0000-0003-3356-6791], Palmer, Colin N. A. [0000-0002-6415-6560], Jukema, J. Wouter [0000-0002-3246-8359], Sattar, Naveed [0000-0002-1604-2593], Snieder, Harold [0000-0003-1949-2298], Magnusson, Patrik K. [0000-0002-7315-7899], Blüher, Matthias [0000-0003-0208-2065], Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H. R. [0000-0001-9262-6921], Abecasis, Goncalo R. [0000-0003-1509-1825], Meigs, James B. [0000-0002-2439-2657], Wilson, James F. [0000-0001-5751-9178], Schwarz, Peter E. H. [0000-0001-6317-7880], Boehm, Bernhard O. [0000-0002-2706-7710], Metspalu, Andres [0000-0002-3718-796X], Deloukas, Panos [0000-0001-9251-070X], Körner, Antje [0000-0001-6001-0356], Wareham, Nicholas J. [0000-0003-1422-2993], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Männistö, Satu [0000-0002-8668-3046], Franks, Paul W. [0000-0002-0520-7604], Hayward, Caroline [0000-0002-9405-9550], Vitart, Veronique [0000-0002-4991-3797], Kaprio, Jaakko [0000-0002-3716-2455], Visvikis-Siest, Sophie [0000-0001-8104-8425], Altshuler, David [0000-0002-7250-4107], Rudan, Igor [0000-0001-6993-6884], van Duijn, Cornelia M. [0000-0002-2374-9204], Pramstaller, Peter P. [0000-0002-9831-8302], Boehnke, Michael [0000-0002-6442-7754], Frayling, Timothy M. [0000-0001-8362-2603], Peyser, Patricia A. [0000-0002-9717-8459], Harst, Pim van der [0000-0002-2713-686X], Smith, George Davey [0000-0002-1407-8314], Forouhi, Nita G. [0000-0002-5041-248X], Loos, Ruth J. F. [0000-0002-8532-5087], Salomaa, Veikko [0000-0001-7563-5324], Soranzo, Nicole [0000-0003-1095-3852], Boomsma, Dorret I. [0000-0002-7099-7972], Groop, Leif [0000-0002-0187-3263], Tuomi, Tiinamaija [0000-0002-8306-6202], Munroe, Patricia B. [0000-0002-4176-2947], Gudnason, Vilmundur [0000-0001-5696-0084], Lecoeur, Cecile [0000-0003-0075-6417], Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta [0000-0002-2149-0630], Stefansson, Kari [0000-0003-1676-864X], Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T. [0000-0002-9302-6490], Lindgren, Cecilia M. [0000-0002-4903-9374], Froguel, Philippe [0000-0003-2972-0784], Kaakinen, Marika A. [0000-0002-9228-0462], Watanabe, Richard M. [0000-0003-1015-0531], Ingelsson, Erik [0000-0003-2256-6972], Dupuis, Josée [0000-0003-2871-3603], Barroso, Inês [0000-0001-5800-4520], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Epidemiology, University Hospital Mannheim | Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universität Leipzig, Universiteit Leiden, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, General practice, APH - Digital Health, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Hottenga, Jouke-Jan [0000-0002-5668-2368], Min, Josine L [0000-0003-4456-9824], Willems, Sara M [0000-0002-6803-3007], Jackson, Anne U [0000-0002-9672-2547], Bielak, Lawrence F [0000-0002-3443-8030], Smith, Albert V [0000-0003-1942-5845], Johnson, Paul CD [0000-0001-6663-7520], Strawbridge, Rona J [0000-0001-8506-3585], Fraser, Ross M [0000-0003-0488-2592], Kleber, Marcus E [0000-0003-0663-7275], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Nolte, Ilja M [0000-0001-5047-4077], Wild, Sarah H [0000-0001-7824-2569], Hicks, Andrew A [0000-0001-6320-0411], Koistinen, Heikki A [0000-0001-7870-070X], Bakker, Stephan JL [0000-0003-3356-6791], Palmer, Colin NA [0000-0002-6415-6560], Jukema, J Wouter [0000-0002-3246-8359], Magnusson, Patrik K [0000-0002-7315-7899], Wolffenbuttel, Bruce HR [0000-0001-9262-6921], Abecasis, Goncalo R [0000-0003-1509-1825], Meigs, James B [0000-0002-2439-2657], Wilson, James F [0000-0001-5751-9178], Schwarz, Peter EH [0000-0001-6317-7880], Boehm, Bernhard O [0000-0002-2706-7710], Wareham, Nicholas J [0000-0003-1422-2993], Franks, Paul W [0000-0002-0520-7604], van Duijn, Cornelia M [0000-0002-2374-9204], Pramstaller, Peter P [0000-0002-9831-8302], Frayling, Timothy M [0000-0001-8362-2603], Peyser, Patricia A [0000-0002-9717-8459], Forouhi, Nita G [0000-0002-5041-248X], Loos, Ruth JF [0000-0002-8532-5087], Boomsma, Dorret I [0000-0002-7099-7972], Munroe, Patricia B [0000-0002-4176-2947], Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T [0000-0002-9302-6490], Lindgren, Cecilia M [0000-0002-4903-9374], Kaakinen, Marika A [0000-0002-9228-0462], Watanabe, Richard M [0000-0003-1015-0531], Tampere University, Tays Research Services, Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC), Fysiologie, RS: FHML MaCSBio, and RS: Carim - B01 Blood proteins & engineering
Subjects: Male, Anorexia Nervosa, medicine.medical_treatment, 45/43, Insulin Resistance/genetics, SUSCEPTIBILITY, Quantitative trait, Impaired glucose tolerance, 0302 clinical medicine, Architecture, LS2_1, IMPUTATION, Insulin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fasting, Publisher Correction, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/blood, Endokrinologi och diabetes, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Adult, Blood Glucose, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Expression, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glucose Intolerance, Humans, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins, Insulin Resistance, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Sex Characteristics, Sex Factors, Waist-Hip Ratio, Sex characteristics, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, 631/208/205/2138, Endocrinology and Diabetes, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, Gender-differences, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 692/53/2421, GLYCEMIC TRAITS, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Glycemic, GENDER-DIFFERENCES, Science & Technology, IDENTIFICATION, 692/699/2743/2815, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Diagnostic markers, medicine.disease, Anorexia Nervosa/blood, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Glucose, Insulin/blood, Anorexia Nervosa/ethnology, Anorexia Nervosa/genetics, Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology, Fasting/blood, Glucose Intolerance/blood, Glucose Intolerance/ethnology, Glucose Intolerance/genetics, Glucose Intolerance/physiopathology, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/blood, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins/genetics, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics, 0301 basic medicine, Identification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association studies, Waist–hip ratio, LS4_5, RISK, ARCHITECTURE, Multidisciplinary, article, Type 2 diabetes, Multidisciplinary Sciences, MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION, Pre-diabetes, Medical Genetics, Risk, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 3121 Internal medicine, 692/163/2743/137/773, NO, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Mendelian randomization, 631/208/480, Medicinsk genetik, business.industry, General Chemistry, Impaired fasting glucose, business
Abstract: Differences between sexes contribute to variation in the levels of fasting glucose and insulin. Epidemiological studies established a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in men and impaired glucose tolerance in women, however, the genetic component underlying this phenomenon is not established. We assess sex-dimorphic (73,089/50,404 women and 67,506/47,806 men) and sex-combined (151,188/105,056 individuals) fasting glucose/fasting insulin genetic effects via genome-wide association study meta-analyses in individuals of European descent without diabetes. Here we report sex dimorphism in allelic effects on fasting insulin at IRS1 and ZNF12 loci, the latter showing higher RNA expression in whole blood in women compared to men. We also observe sex-homogeneous effects on fasting glucose at seven novel loci. Fasting insulin in women shows stronger genetic correlations than in men with waist-to-hip ratio and anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, waist-to-hip ratio is causally related to insulin resistance in women, but not in men. These results position dissection of metabolic and glycemic health sex dimorphism as a steppingstone for understanding differences in genetic effects between women and men in related phenotypes., Sex differences in fasting glucose and insulin have been identified, but the genetic loci underlying these differences have not. Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies to detect sex-specific and sex-dimorphic loci associated with fasting glucose and insulin.
Published: 2021
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3. Identification of Competencies and Teaching Models for the Governance of Smart Sustainable Cities in the South American Context

Author: Aurora Sánchez-Ortiz, Elsa Estevez, Gabriela Viale-Pereira, Mauricio Solar, Universidad Católica del Norte [Antofagasta], Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria [Valparaiso] (UTFSM), Universidad Nacional del Sur [Argentina] (UNS), Danube University Krems, Gabriela Viale Pereira, Marijn Janssen, Habin Lee, Ida Lindgren, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, Hans Jochen Scholl, Anneke Zuiderwijk, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Political science, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Erasmus+, Sustainable cities, Government, Governance, business.industry, Instructional design, 4. Education, Corporate governance, 05 social sciences, Human-capacity, Public relations, South America, Identification (information), Sustainable city, South american, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Smart cities
Abstract: Part 5: Smart Cities; International audience; This study is developed in the context of the Strengthening Governance Capacity for Smart Sustainable Cities (CAP4CITY) Project, part of the Erasmus + Programme. The study aims to support the design of teaching materials to address the human-capacity related needs for the governance of Smart Sustainable Cities (SSC) in South America. This article identifies the competencies and instructional design for the design of smart sustainable cities courses adapted to the South American context. Applying a scenario-building approach and the CAP4CITY roadmap for smart sustainable city initiatives, we conducted two workshops in Chile and two in Argentina attended by representatives from academia, NGOs, government agencies, and private companies. Using the data about competencies and teaching models gathered during these events, the study clustered the data and identified the major areas of competences and instructional methods. Lastly, we compared the results from both countries.
Published: 2020
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4. Analysing Legal Information Requirements for Public Policy Making

Author: Charalampos Alexopoulos, Shefali Virkar, Anna-Sophie Novak, Euripidis N. Loukis, Michalis Avgerinos Loutsaris, University of the Aegean, Danube University Krems, Sara Hofmann, Csaba Csáki, Noella Edelmann, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Ulf Melin, Peter Parycek, Gerhard Schwabe, Efthimios Tambouris, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: Legal informatics, Decision support system, Knowledge management, business.industry, Public policy, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Information needs, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, 02 engineering and technology, Decision support systems, Legal information, Order (exchange), Analytics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Information system, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Service provision, 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, business, Set (psychology)
Abstract: Part 4: User Perspectives; International audience; Most of the research that has been conducted in the area of legal informatics concerns its ‘supply side’, dealing with the development of effective systems for legal information provision. However, limited research has been conducted on the ‘demand side’ of legal information provision, though it is absolutely necessary to gain a good understanding of it, in order to design effective and useful systems for the provision of legal information; furthermore, this limited research is dealing with the legal information needs of the lawyers, and neglects the ones of other important groups. This paper contributes to filling this research gap. It analyses legal information requirements of a highly important for the society group: the designers of public policies. Initially we investigate current legal information sources and systems used by public policy makers, as well as their relevant search practices. Then we investigate their business needs for additional capabilities/functionalities for a better support of their policymaking activities using advanced legal analytics tools and services. Finally, we discuss the information, processing and technical requirements for the development of a legal information system providing the above advanced functionalities and services. For the above purposes, we have collected data through semi-structured interviews form 13 Greek and 7 Austrian public administrators dealing with the design of public policies, which lead to interesting and useful insights, as well as a novel set of additional advanced capabilities and functionalities that can give rise to a new generation of legal informatics.
Published: 2020
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5. Digital Transformation in the Context of the Open Government Partnership

Author: Noella Edelmann, Mary Francoli, Danube University Krems, Carleton University, Sara Hofmann, Csaba Csáki, Noella Edelmann, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Ulf Melin, Peter Parycek, Gerhard Schwabe, Efthimios Tambouris, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: Open government, Government, business.industry, Corporate governance, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Digital transformation, Context (language use), Public relations, 16. Peace & justice, 0506 political science, Action (philosophy), Open Government Partnership, General partnership, Qualitative research, 050602 political science & public administration, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, business
Abstract: Part 3: Open Government and Transparency; International audience; This paper explores the connection between membership in the Open Government Partnership (OGP) and digital transformation. It employs a qualitative research approach and document analysis to examine OGP Independent Reporting Mechanism (IRM) Reports and government self-assessment reports, to get a sense of the nature of digital transformation commitments made within OGP national action plans. This includes a look at what the commitments are, why they are made, and their results. Ultimately, it is found that while few OGP members focus on achieving digital transformation results, most are not leveraging their membership to advance digital transformation. Moreover, those that do are not doing so in a way that addresses a clear policy or governance issue, rendering it difficult to comment on whether the commitments are effectively advancing open government. The mandatory assessment of OGP action plans helps, to some degree, to drive members to complete their commitments, and serves as a useful tool for advancing policies as they relate to open government.
Published: 2020
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6. Acceptance of Tools for Electronic Citizen Participation

Author: Michael Sachs, Judith Schossböck, Danube University Krems, City University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong] (CUHK), Panos Panagiotopoulos, Noella Edelmann, Olivier Glassey, Gianluca Misuraca, Peter Parycek, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Barbara Re, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, E-Participation, Identification, e-participation, Computer science, business.industry, Corporate governance, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Usability, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Viewpoints, Trust, Data science, Identification (information), Order (business), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business, Decision-making
Abstract: Part 1: eParticipation Developments; International audience; In order to motivate diverse user groups to participate in e-participation, platform designers are keen to offer attractive communication formats in combination with modern tools and suitable forms of online identification. This does not come without difficulties, as individual users prefer different solutions. Research on tools and electronic identification in this context has investigated the appropriateness of different e-IDs for different stages of e-participation. In this respect, this paper offers three contributions to questions of technology application and acceptance in e-participation: Firstly, it showcases two scenarios from a platform simulation on different levels of e-participation. Secondly, the authors present results on the acceptance of these scenarios and tools based on questionnaires and usability tests. Thirdly, viewpoints from interviews with key stakeholders for e-participation in governance and politics are included. Results shall be useful for the future design and implementation of e-participation platforms.
Published: 2019
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7. Using Disruptive Technologies in Government: Identification of Research and Training Needs

Author: Alexander Ronzhyn, Charalampos Alexopoulos, Maria A. Wimmer, Gabriela Viale Pereira, Vera Spitzer, Universität Koblenz-Landau [Koblenz], Danube University Krems, Department of Information & Communication Systems Engineering [Grece], University of the Aegean, Ida Lindgren, Marijn Janssen, Habin Lee, Andrea Polini, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, Hans Jochen Scholl, Efthimios Tambouris, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, Government, Knowledge management, Point (typography), business.industry, Emerging technologies, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Public sector, Big data, Digital government, Training needs, 02 engineering and technology, Scenario-technique, Disruptive technologies, Identification (information), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Augmented reality, Research needs, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business
Abstract: Part 4: AI, Data Analytics and Automated Decision Making; International audience; Over the past years, a number of new technologies have emerged with a potential to disrupt many spheres of the society. While public sector traditionally lacks behind business in innovation, significant changes are anticipated with the use of disruptive technologies. The implementation of the new technologies for the government service provision, along with possible benefits, need to be well thought through and challenges need to be carefully discussed, analysed and evaluated. This paper uses scenario-technique to identify research and training needs for the implementation of disruptive technologies in government services. Using the input of 58 experts from three workshops, research and training needs for the internet of things, artificial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality, as well as big data technologies have been identified. The identified needs can serve as a starting point for a broader and more informed discussion about the knowledge and skills that the researchers and practitioners of digital government need to obtain for the broad use of such new (disruptive) technologies.
Published: 2019
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8. The Role of eParticipation in the Expansion of Individual Capabilities

Author: Fernando Bichara Pinto, Gabriela Viale Pereira, Marie Anne Macadar, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Danube University Krems, Panos Panagiotopoulos, Noella Edelmann, Olivier Glassey, Gianluca Misuraca, Peter Parycek, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Barbara Re, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, Knowledge management, Operationalization, business.industry, Mechanism (biology), [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Citizen journalism, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Capability Approach (CA), Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D), Political science, eParticipation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Capability approach, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], business, Digital divide
Abstract: Part 4: User Perspectives; International audience; This article seeks to understand how eParticipation can boost individual capabilities in an ICT4D context. The analysis has regard eParticipation as a mechanism for expanding capabilities since it increases the democratic and participatory involvement of individuals in society. To this end, we examined the eParticipation field according to Sæbø et al. [18] and Medaglia [11], combining the capability approach from Sen’s [21] and Nussbaum’s [15] perspectives. Although the literature recognized that the capability approach is particularly difficult to operationalize in practice, we discovered some mechanisms in the eParticipation literature to support our analysis. However, despite its apparent benefits, eParticipation can indirectly contribute toward increasing inequalities among people since it is not available to all. We believe that recognition of the inequalities generated by the digital divide and the subsequent decrease in eParticipation could lead to a better understanding of the ICT4D context and assist in public policy-making.
Published: 2019
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9. Editorial: Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity

Author: Christopher R. Cederroth, Silvano Gallus, Deborah A. Hall, Tobias Kleinjung, Berthold Langguth, Antonello Maruotti, Martin Meyer, Arnaud Norena, Thomas Probst, Rüdiger Pryss, Grant Searchfield, Giriraj Shekhawat, Myra Spiliopoulou, Sven Vanneste, Winfried Schlee, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', 20156 Milan, University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University of Regensburg, University of Southampton, SPRU, Neurosciences sensorielles et cognitives (NSC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Danube University Krems, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], University of Auckland [Auckland], Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg = Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Brain Research centre Antwerp for Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (BRAI²N), Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), University of Zurich, and Cederroth, Christopher R
Subjects: 2805 Cognitive Neuroscience, Aging, Cognitive Neuroscience, 610 Medicine & health, 10045 Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Cognitive neuroscience, lcsh:RC321-571, neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animal model, 1302 Aging, Medicine, tinnitus, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, 10093 Institute of Psychology, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, animal model, Ageing, Editorial, hearing, medicine.symptom, heterogeneity, genetic, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Tinnitus
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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10. Inter-governmental Collaborative Networks for Digital Government Innovation Transfer – Structure, Membership, Operations

Author: Tomasz Janowski, Magdalena Ciesielska, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Danube University Krems, Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Hamideh Afsarmanesh, and Dario Antonelli
Subjects: Structure (mathematical logic), Government, Knowledge management, Process (engineering), business.industry, 05 social sciences, Digital government, Collaborative networks, 0506 political science, Knowledge sharing, Innovation transfer, Transfer (computing), 050602 political science & public administration, Key (cryptography), [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Business, 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, Adaptation (computer science)
Abstract: Part 8: Collaborative Government and Social Policies; International audience; Digital government refers to the transformation of government organizations and their relationships with citizens, business and each other through digital technology. It entails digital innovation in processes, services, organizations, policies, etc. which are increasingly developed and tested in one country and transferred, after adaptation, to other countries. The process of innovation transfer and the underlying information and knowledge sharing increasing take place through networks. The aim of this study is to identify various forms of such networks, their structures, membership criteria and modes of operation. The study relies on the analysis of literature on innovation transfer, collaborative networks and inter-governmental collaboration, and a survey of existing inter-governmental networks for digital government innovation transfer. The key finding is that such networks are a growing form of international collaboration and an instrument in global economy.
Published: 2019
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11. Digital Transformation in Public Sector Organisations: The Role of Informal Knowledge Sharing Networks and Social Media

Author: Gerald Steiner, Lukas Zenk, Nicole Hynek, Noella Edelmann, Peter Parycek, Shefali Virkar, Danube University Krems, Panos Panagiotopoulos, Noella Edelmann, Olivier Glassey, Gianluca Misuraca, Peter Parycek, Thomas Lampoltshammer, Barbara Re, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, Expediting, business.industry, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, 05 social sciences, Public sector, Digital transformation, Organizational culture, 02 engineering and technology, Public relations, Informal knowledge sharing, Knowledge sharing, Social media, Empirical research, Order (exchange), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, business
Abstract: Part 2: Digital Transformations; International audience; It is estimated that during the period 2020–2025, about 30% of the employees at the Austrian Ministry of Defence will retire. This raises the question of how to encourage employees to share informal knowledge in order to successfully embrace organisational change in increasingly digitised environments with a view to retaining them long-term. Through the development of a three-part empirical study, this research paper investigates the role played by informal knowledge sharing networks and social media in expediting digital transformation within a public sector organisation. Our findings show that the public sector stands to benefit from informal knowledge sharing, and that both a permissive organisational culture and the provision of clearly demarcated ‘knowledge sharing spaces’ are fundamental in this respect.
Published: 2019
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12. Exploring Open Data State-of-the-Art: A Review of the Social, Economic and Political Impacts

Author: Shefali Virkar, Gabriela Viale Pereira, Danube University Krems, Peter Parycek, Olivier Glassey, Marijn Janssen, Hans Jochen Scholl, Efthimios Tambouris, Evangelos Kalampokis, Shefali Virkar, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: Public economics, Systematic survey, business.industry, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Corporate governance, media_common.quotation_subject, Open data, 05 social sciences, Public sector, effects of open data, 02 engineering and technology, Good governance, Politics, Intrinsic value (finance), State (polity), open government data, 020204 information systems, Political science, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, business, media_common
Abstract: Part 2: Open Data, Linked Data, and Semantic Web; International audience; This research paper explores the impact that the access to, and free usage of, stored (mainly public sector) data has on society, the economy and on good governance, together with the implications of this new paradigm for modern-day governments. Although a number of recent research studies attempt to identify the benefits and drawbacks of open data, or to demonstrate its role in governance processes, there exists to-date no systematic attempt to both rigorously survey current literature to enumerate the areas in which open data has had an impact and to discuss its potential as a significant tool for policymaking. To address this research gap, and to highlight its intrinsic value to different actors, we examine the current state-of-the-art on the impacts of open data research and practice through a systematic survey of extant scholarly and practitioner literature. The first part of our study will present a comprehensive overview of the societal, economic, and political impacts of open data. We will then evaluate the new possibilities afforded by open data to policymaking, and conclude with a discussion of its role in open governance.
Published: 2018
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13. Structural classification of wild boar (Sus scrofa) vocalizations

Author: Christian T. Herbst, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Daniel L. Bowling, Markus Boeckle, Bruno Gingras, Yann Locatelli, Maxime Garcia, Boeckle, Markus [0000-0002-0738-2764], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna [Vienna], Voice Research Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Department of Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des Jardins botaniques et zoologiques, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), The European Science Foundation 'Adavnces in Farm Animal Genomic Resource', and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Spectral flux, Multivariate analysis, Context (language use), bien-être animal, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, mammifère sauvage, domestication, sus scrofa, vocalisation, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, porcin, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Domestication, sanglier, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, vocal repertoire, Communication, Animal Welfare (journal), acoustic communication, business.industry, Repertoire, 05 social sciences, graded vocalizations, Research Papers, Domestic pig, Variation (linguistics), Animal Science and Zoology, business, wild boar, Research Paper, Cognitive psychology, Autre (Sciences du Vivant)
Abstract: Determining whether a species' vocal communication system is graded or discrete requires definition of its vocal repertoire. In this context, research on domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) vocalizations, for example, has led to significant advances in our understanding of communicative functions. Despite their close relation to domestic pigs, little is known about wild boar (Sus scrofa) vocalizations. The few existing studies, conducted in the 1970s, relied on visual inspections of spectrograms to quantify acoustic parameters and lacked statistical analysis. Here, we use objective signal processing techniques and advanced statistical approaches to classify 616 calls recorded from semi‐free ranging animals. Based on four spectral and temporal acoustic parameters—quartile Q25, duration, spectral flux, and spectral flatness—extracted from a multivariate analysis, we refine and extend the conclusions drawn from previous work and present a statistically validated classification of the wild boar vocal repertoire into four call types: grunts, grunt‐squeals, squeals, and trumpets. While the majority of calls could be sorted into these categories using objective criteria, we also found evidence supporting a graded interpretation of some wild boar vocalizations as acoustically continuous, with the extremes representing discrete call types. The use of objective criteria based on modern techniques and statistics in respect to acoustic continuity advances our understanding of vocal variation. Integrating our findings with recent studies on domestic pig vocal behavior and emotions, we emphasize the importance of grunt‐squeals for acoustic approaches to animal welfare and underline the need of further research investigating the role of domestication on animal vocal communication.
Published: 2016
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14. Practical guidance for CD management involving treatment of botulinum toxin: a consensus statement

Author: Maja Relja, Elena Moro, Alberto Albanese, Giovanni Abbruzzese, Wojciech Duzynski, Pablo Mir, Michaela M. Pinter, Dirk Dressler, Cesare Montecucco, Emmanuel Roze, Inger Marie Skogseid, María José Martí, Charalampos Tzoulis, Sofiya Timerbaeva, Svetlana Khatkova, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, riabilitazione, oftalmologia, genetica e scienze materno-infantili [Genova] (DINOGMI), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Section of neurology, Lund University [Lund], Neurologcal department for post-stroke patients, Moscow federal state hospital, Parkinson Disease Unit, ICN. CIBERNED. IDIBAPS. Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], Unidad de Trastornos del movimiento, IBiS, Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Department of biomedical sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Grenoble] (CMRR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Center for Neurorehabilitation, Danube-University Krems, Zagreb University Hospital, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of neurology, Akershus University Hospital [Lørenskog], Department of neurogenetics, MOSCOW UNIVERSITY, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Department of clinical medicine, Bergen University College, Universita degli studi di Genova, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Universidad de Sevilla, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Administateur, HAL Sorbonne Université, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Botulinum Toxins, Consensus, Neurotoxins, Alternative medicine, Clinical Neurology, Review, Quality of life (healthcare), Botulinum toxin type A, Medicine, Humans, Cervical dystonia, Goal setting, Torticollis, Dystonia, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, Consensus development conference, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Physical therapy, Neurology (clinical), business, Decision making, Botulinum toxins
Abstract: International audience; Cervical dystonia is a neurological movement disorder causing abnormal posture of the head. It may be accompanied by involuntary movements which are sometimes tremulous. The condition has marked effects on patients’ self-image, and adversely affects quality of life, social relationships and employment. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is the treatment of choice for CD and its efficacy and safety have been extensively studied in clinical trials. However, current guidelines do not provide enough practical information for physicians who wish to use this valuable treatment in a real-life setting. In addition, patients and physicians may have different perceptions of what successful treatment outcomes should be. Consequently, an international group of expert neurologists, experienced in BoNT treatment, met to review the literature and pool their extensive clinical experience to give practical guidance about treatment of CD with BoNT. Eight topic headings were considered: the place of BoNT within CD treatment options; patient perspectives and desires for treatment; assessment and goal setting; starting treatment with BoNT-A; follow-up sessions; management of side effects; management of non-response; switching between different BoNT products. One rapporteur took responsibility for summarising the current literature for each topic, while the consensus statements were developed by the entire expert group. These statements are presented here along with a discussion of the background information.
Published: 2015
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15. Evaluation of an E-participation Project: Lessons Learned and Success Factors from a Cross-Cultural Perspective

Author: Judith Schossböck, Michael Sachs, Florian Sedy, Peter Parycek, Danube University Krems, Efthimios Tambouris, Ann Macintosh, Frank Bannister, TC 8, and WG 8.5
Subjects: Program evaluation, youth, evaluation, e-participation, Process (engineering), business.industry, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Success factors, online deliberation, Public relations, Europe, Politics, Information and Communications Technology, Cross-cultural, Online deliberation, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Sociology, business
Abstract: Part 4: Software Platforms and Evaluation; International audience; In the area of large-scale e-participation projects on a cross-national level, the project we present is based on the idea that the active involvement of young people in the process of socio-political decision-making plays an important societal role. OurSpace is a multi-national project supporting a closer relationship between European decision makers, and Europe’s younger generation. OurSpace tried to combine ICT usage, young peoples’ readiness and motivation to participate, and their assumed lack of information regarding European politics. We present the evaluation framework and methodology applied for OurSpace, the major results of the project evaluation, and the lessons learned from a comparative perspective.
Published: 2014
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16. Improving Reusability of OER

Author: Peter Baumgartner, Donau-Universität Krems (Danube University Krems), David Hutchison, Takeo Kanade, Bernhard Steffen, Demetri Terzopoulos, Doug Tygar, Gerhard Weikum, Linawati, Made Sudiana Mahendra, Erich J. Neuhold, A Min Tjoa, Ilsun You, Josef Kittler, Jon M. Kleinberg, Alfred Kobsa, Friedemann Mattern, John C. Mitchell, Moni Naor, Oscar Nierstrasz, C. Pandu Rangan, TC 5, and TC 8
Subjects: Pattern language, Knowledge management, Higher education, Computer science, business.industry, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Learning object, Context (language use), Open educational resources, Open Educational Resources, Taxonomy (general), ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Wrong direction, business, Reusability
Abstract: Part 1: Information & Communication Technology-EurAsia Conference 2014, ICT-EurAsia 2014; International audience; The effect of Open Educational Resources (OER) on Higher Education is still disappointing. (Re)use of materials, which can be accessed and employed freely, has not developed in such a way that it has changed the attitudes and behavior of teachers. After analyzing several aspects of the problem the article will focus on educational reasons to improve this situation. It is argued that to strive for context free learning objects is heading in the wrong direction. The author proposes to link OER not only with an educational taxonomy of learning outcomes but also with typical patterns of educational scenarios.
Published: 2014
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17. On the Futility of Screening for Genes That Make You Fat

Author: Terho Lehtimäki, Emily Sonestedt, Göran Hallmans, Andy R Ness, Simin Liu, Tuija Tammelin, John J. Nolan, Massimo Mangino, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Dedoussis, Aline Meirhaeghe, Lu Qi, Pål R. Njølstad, Ruth J. F. Loos, Mustafa Atalay, Mao Fu, Natalia V. Rivera, Marju Orho-Melander, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Philippe Froguel, André G. Uitterlinden, Torben Hansen, Debbie A Lawlor, M. Carola Zillikens, Tapani Rönnemaa, Vilmundur Gudnason, Esther Zimmermann, Claes Ohlsson, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Paul M. Ridker, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Samia Mora, María Teresa Martínez Larrad, Alena Stančáková, Thomas Illig, Zoltán Kutalik, Sven Bergmann, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Luigi Palla, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Günther Silbernagel, Ulla Sovio, Soren Snitker, Karina Meidtner, Bo Isomaa, Stephen J. Sharp, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Louis Pérusse, Mika Kähönen, Daniel I. Chasman, Najaf Amin, Johanna Kuusisto, Toshiko Tanaka, Ingrid B. Borecki, John-Olov Jansson, Christine Cavalcanti-Proença, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Kay-Tee Khaw, Camilla H. Sandholt, Ulf Ekelund, Luigi Ferrucci, Mark Walker, Yiqing Song, Jose C. Florez, Oluf Pedersen, Leif Groop, Ying Wu, Soren Brage, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Anders Grøntved, Frida Renström, Meena Kumari, Stéphane Cauchi, Michael Boehnke, Tamara B. Harris, Christine S. Autenrieth, Jeffery Metter, Beverley Balkau, Dmitry Shungin, Karen L. Mohlke, Markku Laakso, Matti Uusitupa, Nicholas J. Wareham, Andreas Fritsche, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Albert Hofman, Shah Ebrahim, Mary F. Feitosa, Melissa E. Garcia, Stefan Johansson, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, E. Shyong Tai, Frank B. Hu, Jonathan T. Tan, Maarit Hakanen, Heiner Boeing, Manuel Serrano Ríos, Olli T. Raitakari, Michael Marmot, Meian He, Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham, Claude Bouchard, Tariq Ahmad, Ellen W. Demerath, Keri L. Monda, Robert A. Scott, Marika Kaakinen, Chris Power, Stefania Bandinelli, Christina Holzapfel, Timo A. Lakka, Heather M. Stringham, Stavroula Kanoni, Elina Hyppönen, Pamela L. Lutsey, Internal Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, Urology, Institute of Metabolic Science, MRC, Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre-Lund University [Lund], Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Hagedorn Research Institute, Else Kroener Fresenius Centre - Zentralinstitut für Ernährungs und Lebensmittelfors (ZIEL), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University College of London [London] (UCL), MRC Centre for Epidemiology of Child Health, UCL Institute of Child Health, Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland-Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Epidemiology, Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DifE), Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), National University of Singapore (NUS)-Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, King‘s College London, Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol [Bristol]-Medical Research Council, Division of Preventive Medicine, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging [Leiden, Netherlands] (NCHA), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University (GW), National Institute on Aging [Bethesda, USA] (NIA), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Mental Health Sciences Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen (UiB), Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Molecular Genetics Section, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Centre Groningen, Complex Genetics Section, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences [Copenhagen], Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Medstar Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Vascular Disease, and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada [Granada], Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland-Institute of Biomedicine, The Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Institute of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-University of Gothenburg (GU)-Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere [Finland]-Tampere University Hospital, Steno Diabetes Centre, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health Sciences, Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Umea University Hospital, Department of Odontology, Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University (LSU)-Louisiana State University (LSU), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Institute of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine-University of Gothenburg (GU), Geriatric Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze, Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health [London], Icelandic Heart Association, Heart Preventive Clinic and Research Institute, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Department of Public Health, South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), Folkhälsan Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Program for Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute [Cambridge], Harvard University [Cambridge]-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Harvard University [Cambridge]-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Center for Metabolic Disease Prevention, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California-David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California-University of California, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol [Bristol], National University of Singapore (NUS), Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Life Course and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Autard, Delphine, Lund University [Lund], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), University of Gothenburg (GU)-Institute of Medicine, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Medical Research Council (MRC), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Brage, Soren [0000-0002-1265-7355], Sharp, Stephen [0000-0003-2375-1440], Sovio, Ulla [0000-0002-0799-1105], Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Hjelt Institute (-2014), Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Qi, Lu, Brage, Soren, Sharp, Stephen J, Hypponen, Elina, and Loos, Ruth JF
Subjects: Male, Heredity, endocrine system diseases, Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical, dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical genetics: 714 [VDP], Epidemiology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, no keywords, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, GENETIC-VARIANTS, MESH: Proteins, 10. No inequality, Child, 0303 health sciences, Anthropometry, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Medicine, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Genomics, MESH: Motor Activity, Adipose Tissue, Perspective, Medicine, Public Health, WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, MESH: Adipose Tissue, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO, Endocrinology and Diabetes, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genomic Medicine, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Testing, Gene Prediction, Biology, Adipose Tissue/metabolism, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Motor Activity, Obesity/genetics, Obesity/metabolism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proteins/genetics, Risk Factors, MESH: Adolescent, Science & Technology, MESH: Humans, Computational Biology, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Proteins, MESH: Adult, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Obesity, RS9939609 POLYMORPHISM, Endocrinology, Anthropology, Physiological Processes, Body mass index, MESH: Female, Population Genetics, obesity, Genetic Screens, Anatomy and Physiology, FTO gene, IDENTICAL-TWINS, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Obesity, adolescents, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Aged, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION, Genetic Epidemiology, childhood obesity, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Research Article, Clinical Research Design, UNITED-STATES, WEIGHT-LOSS, Childhood obesity, body weight, Medicine, General & Internal, Genome Analysis Tools, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Allele, Sports and Exercise Medicine, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Nutrition, Clinical Genetics, Population Biology, business.industry, Human Genetics, MESH: Male, COMMON VARIANT, meta-analysis, Minor allele frequency, BODY-MASS INDEX, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Genetics of Disease, Genetic Polymorphism, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Meta-Analyses, business, Energy Metabolism, genetic predisposition, DIABETES PREVENTION
Abstract: Ruth Loos and colleagues report findings from a meta-analysis of multiple studies examining the extent to which physical activity attenuates effects of a specific gene variant, FTO, on obesity in adults and children. They report a fairly substantial attenuation by physical activity on the effects of this genetic variant on the risk of obesity in adults., Background The FTO gene harbors the strongest known susceptibility locus for obesity. While many individual studies have suggested that physical activity (PA) may attenuate the effect of FTO on obesity risk, other studies have not been able to confirm this interaction. To confirm or refute unambiguously whether PA attenuates the association of FTO with obesity risk, we meta-analyzed data from 45 studies of adults (n = 218,166) and nine studies of children and adolescents (n = 19,268). Methods and Findings All studies identified to have data on the FTO rs9939609 variant (or any proxy [r 2>0.8]) and PA were invited to participate, regardless of ethnicity or age of the participants. PA was standardized by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable (physically inactive versus active) in each study. Overall, 25% of adults and 13% of children were categorized as inactive. Interaction analyses were performed within each study by including the FTO×PA interaction term in an additive model, adjusting for age and sex. Subsequently, random effects meta-analysis was used to pool the interaction terms. In adults, the minor (A−) allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity by 1.23-fold/allele (95% CI 1.20–1.26), but PA attenuated this effect (p interaction = 0.001). More specifically, the minor allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity less in the physically active group (odds ratio = 1.22/allele, 95% CI 1.19–1.25) than in the inactive group (odds ratio = 1.30/allele, 95% CI 1.24–1.36). No such interaction was found in children and adolescents. Conclusions The association of the FTO risk allele with the odds of obesity is attenuated by 27% in physically active adults, highlighting the importance of PA in particular in those genetically predisposed to obesity. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary, Editors’ Summary Background Two in three Americans are overweight, of whom half are obese, and the trend towards increasing obesity is now seen across developed and developing countries. There has long been interest in understanding the impact of genes and environment when it comes to apportioning responsibility for obesity. Carrying a change in the FTO gene is common (found in three-quarters of Europeans and North Americans) and is associated with a 20%–30% increased risk of obesity. Some overweight or obese individuals may feel that the dice are loaded and there is little point in fighting the fat; it has been reported that those made aware of their genetic susceptibility to obesity may still choose a poor diet. A similar fatalism may occur when overweight and obese people consider physical activity. But disentangling the influence of physical activity on those genetically susceptible to obesity from other factors that might impact weight is not straightforward, as it requires large sample sizes, could be subject to publication bias, and may rely on less than ideal self-reporting methods. Why Was This Study Done? The public health ramifications of understanding the interaction between genetic susceptibility to obesity and physical activity are considerable. Tackling the rising prevalence of obesity will inevitably include interventions principally aimed at changing dietary intake and/or increasing physical activity, but the evidence for these with regards to those genetically susceptible has been lacking to date. The authors of this paper set out to explore the interaction between the commonest genetic susceptibility trait and physical activity using a rigorous meta-analysis of a large number of studies. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? The authors were concerned that a meta-analysis of published studies would be limited both by the data available to them and by possible bias. Instead of this more widely used approach, they took the literature search as their starting point, identified other studies through their collaborators’ network, and then undertook a meta-analysis of all available studies using a new and standardized analysis plan. This entailed an extremely large number of authors mining their data afresh to extract the relevant data points to enable such a meta-analysis. Physical activity was identified in the original studies in many different ways, including by self-report or by using an external measure of activity or heart rate. In order to perform the meta-analysis, participants were labeled as physically active or inactive in each study. For studies that had used a continuous scale, the authors decided that the bottom 20% of the participants were inactive (10% for children and adolescents). Using data from over 218,000 adults, the authors found that carrying a copy of the susceptibility gene increased the odds of obesity by 1.23-fold. But the size of this influence was 27% less in the genetically susceptible adults who were physically active (1.22-fold) compared to those who were physically inactive (1.30-fold). In a smaller study of about 19,000 children, no such effect of physical activity was seen. What Do these Findings Mean? This study demonstrates that people who carry the susceptibility gene for obesity can benefit from physical activity. This should inform health care professionals and the wider public that the view of genetically determined obesity not being amenable to exercise is incorrect and should be challenged. Dissemination, implementation, and ensuring uptake of effective physical activity programs remains a challenge and deserves further consideration. That the researchers treated “physically active” as a yes/no category, and how they categorized individuals, could be criticized, but this was done for pragmatic reasons, as a variety of means of assessing physical activity were used across the studies. It is unlikely that the findings would have changed if the authors had used a different method of defining physically active. Most of the studies included in the meta-analysis looked at one time point only; information about the influence of physical activity on weight changes over time in genetically susceptible individuals is only beginning to emerge. Additional Information Please access these websites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001116. This study is further discussed in a PLoS Medicine Perspective by Lennert Veerman The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides obesity-related statistics, details of prevention programs, and an overview on public health strategy in the United States A more worldwide view is given by the World Health Organization The UK National Health Service website gives information on physical activity guidelines for different age groups, while similar information can also be found from US sources
Published: 2011
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18. Immediate and late benefits of treating very elderly people with hypertension: results from active treatment extension to Hypertension in the Very Elderly randomised controlled trial

Author: N, Beckett, R, Peters, J, Tuomilehto, C, Swift, P, Sever, J, Potter, T, McCormack, F, Forette, B, Gil-Extremera, D, Dumitrascu, J A, Staessen, L, Thijs, A, Fletcher, C, Bulpitt, R, Schiff, Lachal, Florent, Department of Public Health, South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, Imperial College London, Whitby Group Practice, Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement (HAVAE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Epidemiologie, and RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases
Subjects: Male, Placebo-controlled study, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Severity of Illness Index, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Perindopril, Odds Ratio, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, Aged, 80 and over, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Hazard ratio, General Engineering, Age Factors, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Europe, Hypertension, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, China, Tunisia, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, medicine, Confidence Intervals, Humans, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Blood pressure, Indapamide, Physical therapy, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess if very elderly people with hypertension obtain early benefit from antihypertensive treatment. DESIGN One year open label active treatment extension of randomised controlled trial (Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET)). SETTING Hospital and general practice based centres mainly in eastern and western Europe, China, and Tunisia. PARTICIPANTS People on double blind treatment at the end of HYVET were eligible to enter the extension. INTERVENTIONS Participants on active blood pressure lowering treatment continued taking active drug; those on placebo were given active blood pressure lowering treatment. The treatment regimen was as used in the main trial-indapamide SR 1.5 mg (plus perindopril 2-4 mg if required)-with the same target blood pressure of less than 150/80 mm Hg. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was all stroke; other outcomes included total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular events. RESULTS Of 1882 people eligible for entry to the extension, 1712 (91%) agreed to participate. During the extension period, 1682 patient years were accrued. By six months, the difference in blood pressure between the two groups was 1.2/0.7 mm Hg. Comparing people previously treated with active drug and those previously on placebo, no significant differences were seen for stroke (n = 13; hazard ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 0.59 to 6.22) or cardiovascular events (n = 25; 0.78, 0.36 to 1.72). Differences were seen for total mortality (47 deaths; hazard ratio 0.48, 0.26 to 0.87; P = 0.02) and cardiovascular mortality (11 deaths; 0.19, 0.04 to 0.87; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Very elderly patients with hypertension may gain immediate benefit from treatment. Sustained differences in reductions of total mortality and cardiovascular mortality reinforce the benefits and support the need for early and long term treatment. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT00122811.
Published: 2011

19. Optimal convection volume for improving patient outcomes in an international incident dialysis cohort treated with online hemodiafiltration

Author: Sudhir K. Bowry, Daniele Marcelli, Carlo Barbieri, Emanuele Gatti, Claudia Amato, Bernard Canaud, Flavio Mari, Francesco Bellocchio, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Danube University Krems, and Fresenius Medical Care [Bad Homburg]
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, 030232 urology & nephrology, Urology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, convection volume, survival, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Dialysis Solutions, medicine, Humans, Renal replacement therapy, high volume, Survival rate, Dialysis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Dialysis adequacy, hemodiafiltration, hemodialysis, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Survival Rate, C-Reactive Protein, Treatment Outcome, Nephrology, Cohort, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Female, Hemodialysis, business, beta 2-Microglobulin, Kidney disease, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF), the most effiicient renal replacement therapy, enables enhanced removal of small and large uremic toxins by combining diffiusive and convective solute transport. Randomized controlled trials on prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients showed improved patient survival with high-volume OL-HDF, underlining the effiect of convection volume (CV). This retrospective international study was conducted in a large cohort of incident CKD patients to determine the CV threshold and range associated with survival advantage. Data were extracted from a cohort of adult CKD patients treated by post-dilution OL-HDF over a 101-month period. In total, 2293 patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up were analyzed using advanced statistical tools, including cubic spline analyses for determination of the CV range over which a survival increase was observed. The relative survival rate of OL-HDF patients, adjusted for age, gender, comorbidities, vascular access, albumin, C-reactive protein, and dialysis dose, was found to increase at about 55 l/week of CV and to stay increased up to about 75 l/week. Similar analysis of pre-dialysis β2-microglobin (marker of middle-molecule uremic toxins) concentrations found a nearly linear decrease in marker concentration as CV increased from 40 to 75 l/week. Analysis of log C-reactive protein levels showed a decrease over the same CV range. Thus, a convection dose target based on convection volume should be considered and needs to be confirmed by prospective trials as a new determinant of dialysis adequacy.
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1. Towards Digital Anti-Corruption Typology for Public Service Delivery

2. Sex-dimorphic genetic effects and novel loci for fasting glucose and insulin variability

3. Identification of Competencies and Teaching Models for the Governance of Smart Sustainable Cities in the South American Context

4. Analysing Legal Information Requirements for Public Policy Making

5. Digital Transformation in the Context of the Open Government Partnership

6. Acceptance of Tools for Electronic Citizen Participation

7. Using Disruptive Technologies in Government: Identification of Research and Training Needs

8. The Role of eParticipation in the Expansion of Individual Capabilities

9. Editorial: Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity

10. Inter-governmental Collaborative Networks for Digital Government Innovation Transfer – Structure, Membership, Operations

11. Digital Transformation in Public Sector Organisations: The Role of Informal Knowledge Sharing Networks and Social Media

12. Exploring Open Data State-of-the-Art: A Review of the Social, Economic and Political Impacts

13. Structural classification of wild boar (Sus scrofa) vocalizations

14. Practical guidance for CD management involving treatment of botulinum toxin: a consensus statement

15. Evaluation of an E-participation Project: Lessons Learned and Success Factors from a Cross-Cultural Perspective

16. Improving Reusability of OER

17. On the Futility of Screening for Genes That Make You Fat

18. Immediate and late benefits of treating very elderly people with hypertension: results from active treatment extension to Hypertension in the Very Elderly randomised controlled trial

19. Optimal convection volume for improving patient outcomes in an international incident dialysis cohort treated with online hemodiafiltration

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