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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) antiviral response in a pan-tumor immune monitoring (CAPTURE) (NCT03226886) is a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 immunity in patients with cancer. Here we evaluated 585 patients following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 or AZD1222 vaccines, administered 12 weeks apart. Seroconversion rates after two doses were 85% and 59% in patients with solid and hematological malignancies, respectively. A lower proportion of patients had detectable titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAbT) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOC) versus wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2. Patients with hematological malignancies were more likely to have undetectable NAbT and had lower median NAbT than those with solid cancers against both SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOC. By comparison with individuals without cancer, patients with hematological, but not solid, malignancies had reduced neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Seroconversion showed poor concordance with NAbT against VOC. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection boosted the NAb response including against VOC, and anti-CD20 treatment was associated with undetectable NAbT. Vaccine-induced T cell responses were detected in 80% of patients and were comparable between vaccines or cancer types. Our results have implications for the management of patients with cancer during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

1. The European native oyster, Ostrea edulis, has been in severe decline since the early 1900s across Europe with many fisheries now declared commercially extinct. In light of this broad scale population decline, the UK has listed O. edulis as a threatened species, requiring conservation action under the Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP). In addition to this designation, in Scotland O. edulis beds is a search feature (SF) and a priority marine feature (PMF) for MPA site selection. These sites are also listed as a feature of conservation importance and included on the OSPAR list of threatened/declining species and habitats.2. Recent studies have identified O. edulis populations with heavily male-skewed sex ratios, which may have contributed to fisheries decline due to reduced levels of fertilization. This species is a protandrous alternating hermaphrodite and individuals may change sex in response to local conditions. This study aimed to assess how sex ratios vary temporally and if this is correlated with temperature, by studying two exploited populations in Loch Ryan, Scotland and Chichester Harbour, England.3. This study suggests that the proportion of male phase oysters is positively correlated with water temperature and that the study population in cooler waters had a more balanced sex ratio overall (the Loch Ryan population was significantly similar to 1:1 for 10 of 13 months, whereas in Chichester only 1 of the 7 months was significantly similar).4. This study provides evidence to suggest that a critical temperature threshold for sex determination exists in O. edulis and for the Loch Ryan population we suggest that this is 16.5°C. However, further work is required to assess how this threshold may change between sites and how future climate change scenarios might affect the sex ratio of native oyster populations.

Introduction: According to established recommendations, the clinical interpretation of body plethysmography examinations is usually based on airways resistance (Raw) and static lung volumes (RV, FRCpleth, TLC). Current body plethysmography graphics displayed on the PFT report use body loops and shutter curves. These are still on the level of Du Bois’s standards in which they have a clear technical orientation. However the crucial relationship between airways resistance and lung volumes is neither presented in a simple form nor shown in comparison to their predicted values. Additional evaluation of parameter and reference tables is required. Methods: An alternative body plethysmography report allows the generation and presentation of the instantaneous relationship between airways resistance and lung volume over the entire breathing cycle. This is achieved by a dedicated resistance-volume (R-V) transformation. The time courses of the primary signals of flow, volume, plethysmography shift volume and occlusion pressure are processed simultaneously and then linked to corresponding absolute lung volumes. Results: All conventional clinical parameters of body plethysmography are presented in one R-V chart. The R-V graph displays the within-breath course of airways resistance dependent upon absolute lung volume. Predicted and abnormal areas of Raw and FRCpleth and the variation of Raw complete this graphic. Conclusion: Plotting airways resistance during quiet tidal breathing and linking to absolute lung volumes is visually diagnostic to changes in chest mechanics and can aid in the interpretation of plethysmography test results above conventional graphics.