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In areas with high rainfall distribution, proper irrigation management, including complementary irrigation, is one of the effective strategies to increase crop production. In order to investigate the effect of supplementary irrigation in different growth stages on the yield and water productivity of Autumn rapeseed, an experiment in the form of a complete randomized block design with five irrigation management treatments including rainfed (I1), single irrigation at flowering stage (I2), single Irrigation at pod filling stage (I3), two irrigation at pod filling stage and flowering (I4), three irrigation at flowering, and pod filling and grain Filling stages (I5) was carried out at Lorestan University Research Field. Results showed that there was a significant difference between the effects of different irrigation treatments at 1% level. The lowest grain yield, biological yield and oil yield were obtained in I1 treatment with 44.62%, 50.95% and 53.58% decrease, as compared to I5 treatment. The results also showed that by applying irrigation at pod filling stage, grain yield and oil yield were increased by 13.22% and 20.23%, as compared to I1 treatment. The highest total productivity for the grain yield and oil yield was obtained in I5 treatment with 0.252 and 0.073 kg / m3. In general, due to the fact that drought stress in rapeseed calving stages reduces yield, the higher the number of irrigations in rapeseed calving stages, the more the yield.

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Stachys sylvatica hydroalcoholic extract on biochemical and histological parameters in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Thirty adult female Wistar rats with an average weight of 180 g were divided into five groups of six rats. Animals were divided into groups of control, PCOS (intramuscular injection of 2 mg estradiol valerate, Aburaihan Co., Iran/rat, once), and treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys sylvatica. After 60 days of PCOS induction, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW Stachys sylvatica hydroalcoholic extract were injected intraperitoneally. The control group was just injected with olive oil as a solvent. After 10 days of treatment, animals were weighed and then sacrificed and blood samples were taken from their heart for hormonal studies. Ovaries of all groups were cut for histological studies and fixed in formaldehyde, and 7-μm sections were prepared by microtome and stained using hematoxylin–eosin. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test with the SPSS software. The significant level was p Results The Stachys sylvatica extract can improve obesity in the PCOS group. The histological and hormonal results showed that PCOS induction can decrease the number of preantral, antral, and Graafian follicles as well as corpus luteum in comparison with the control (p p Stachys sylvatica hydroalcoholic extract (500 mg/kg), a significant increase was observed in all these parameters. In addition, the number of cystic follicles decreased significantly (p p p p Conclusions It can be concluded that Stachys sylvatica hydroalcoholic extract can improve some symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome because of components such as iridoids, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenes with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this experiment, 500 mg/kg dose of extract was considered as the most effective dose.

A composite-to-steel joint under bending and torsional loads is experimentally studied to determine their strength and stiffness and to calibrate numerical models with respect to the experimental measurements. The steel component is a channel type of structure made of two plates that serve as external supports of an inserted sandwich plate made of composite materials. The attachment of the steel joint to the structure is supported by a bracket. The results include load–deflection and load–strain curves, critical locations and failure loads, with the maximum value of the pure bending and combined torsion-bending moments. The good agreement between the numerical results obtained by finite element method and the experimental ones demonstrate that this kind of numerical analysis can estimate appropriately the behaviour of the structure.

This chapter investigates the delamination phenomenon in Glass/Vinylester composite laminated. Numerical results confirm that the increase of the mode-II loading contribution leads to an increase of fracture resistance in the Glass/Vinylester composite that is a reduction in the total strain energy release rate. Resistance to delamination is known as the interlaminar fracture toughness or interlaminar fracture resistance. Therefore, to determine the fracture of composite materials, their interlaminar fracture toughness should be characterized. The main problem of predicting the failure of composite materials is to characterize it in terms of interlaminar fracture toughness under mixed-mode loading conditions. Linear elastic fracture mechanics and plan strain conditions are the primary requirements. The crack is represented as a one-dimensional discontinuity by a line of nodes on the top and bottom fracture surfaces. N. Ben Salem et al. used the Mixed Mode Bending test method for investigation of crack propagation in adhesively bonded joints.

In order to increase resource utilization in wireless mobile high speed data networks, two dimensional dynamic channel assignment is proposed The quality of the wireless channel inherently varies with time and, in order to get the best use of the available spectrum, the proposed new assignment method changes the bandwidth and the period of assignment dynamically. It is based on the channel condition, type of traffic, and signaling overhead. The new scheme not only reduces waste of radio resources when the channel condition is poor, but also gives the capability to maintain the QoS of users in an optimum fashion.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of psychological stress and association between the levels of stress and study variables among Gorgan medical students. Materials and methods: All three year medical students (129 basic sciences students) in Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of medical Sciences, were asked to complete the Kessler 10 questionnaire. Results: The findings showed mild, moderate and severe stress among 26.22%, 20.50% and 14.75% study subjects. 39.35% of medical students had no stress. There was statistically significant association between year of study and stress levels (p= 0.040). Conclusion : The results indicate that there is a decrease in the psychological health of first year medical students. Provided that stress management courses are organised by medical schools, when the students arrive, they will cope up with the stress in coming years. These courses may reduce the negative effects of stress on medical students. By providing such courses and reducing stress level, medical students may improve their medical education. Key words : Medical students, stress, Gorgan doi: 10.3126/kumj.v6i3.1726 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2008), Vol. 6, No. 3, Issue 23, 421-425

In this paper, the fracture toughness parameters of two types of dentistry cement have been investigated based on numerical and experimental analysis. Dentistry cements are largely applicable and u...