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Social Network Service (SNS) is a popular and powerful Web service to connect and/or find friends, and the tendency of a user's interest often affects his/her friends who have similar interests. We can 'Collective Intelligence and Social Big Data' through the SNS. If we can track users' preferences in certain boundaries in terms of Web searching, we can we can improve search efficiency and reliability in view of users. In this paper, we analyze correlation - between Social Relation Value and Search Pattern of web users to improve search efficiency and. Social Relation Value indicates degree of relation on latent characteristic among web users who exist in Social Networks. We calculate Social Relation Value in granting association between 'M' topics and 'L' Attributes that are applicable to 'N' Factors(Similarity, Adjacency, Etc.). And then, we analyze the Correlation - between Social Relation Value and Search Pattern by comparing the search result of each web users correspond to input 'Query' based on Social Relation Value calculated according to topics. Consequently, we find that Search Pattern is similar to that of web users who have high Social Relation Value. Namely, web users who have similar characteristic and interact with each other with activity in (Online) Social Networks have high Correlation. Thus, we are able to improve search efficiency and reliability when the correlation is applied to search.

A 16.8 Gbps/channel single-ended transceiver for SiP-based DRAM interface on silicon carrier channel is proposed in this paper. A transmitter, receiver, and channel are all included in a single package as SiP. A current mode 4:1 MUX with 1-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) is used as a serializer, and this 4:1 MUX uses 25% duty clock to prevent short circuit current when consecutive 2-phase clocks overlap. Additionally, an open drain output driver with asynchronous type 1-tap FFE is used in the transmitter. Because of its small physical size, a common mode variation of Si-carrier channel from process variation is more serious than that of conventional PCB. This common mode variation degrades bit error rates (BER) at single-ended signaling. To obtain effective single-ended signaling on Si-carrier channel, a source follower-based continuous time linear equalizers and self- ${\rm V}_{\rm REF}$ generator with training algorithm on the receiver are proposed. An implemented Si-carrier channel uses meshed layer as a reference to reduce insertion loss. A BER less than 1e-12 is achieved in 65 nm CMOS and the power efficiency of the transceiver is 5.9 pJ/bit with 120 $\Omega$ terminations at each transceiver side.

Background Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is widely used to treat masseter muscle hypertrophy. Changes in the muscle thickness have been found in many studies, but there has been no report on changes in the thickness from the skin surface to the masseter muscle. Objectives We aimed to use ultrasonography to measure not only changes in the muscle thickness but also changes in subcutaneous thickness. Methods This study enrolled 20 volunteer patients: 10 were assigned to an experimental group (injected with each side 25 U of botulinum toxin into both masseter muscles) and 10 to a control group (injected with normal saline). The thicknesses were measured before the injection and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the injection both at rest and during maximum muscle contraction. Results The subcutaneous thickness did not differ significantly over time either at rest (P = 0.063) or during maximal contraction (P = 0.392), or between the experimental and control groups at rest (P = 0.392) or during maximum contraction (P = 0.259). The muscle thickness in the experimental group differed significantly over time. Conclusions Botulinum toxin injection only changes the muscle thickness and does not affect the subcutaneous thickness from the skin surface to the masseter muscle.

Oral hairy leukoplakia occurs on the lateral surface of the tongue that clinically as an asymptomatic white lesion. It is mainly found in patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. However, it rarely outbreak immunosuppressed patients after organ transplantation, or the patients taking steroids or immunosuppressants. It is the result of proliferating Epstein-Barr virus in the oral epithelium. Most of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients with oral hairy leukoplakia are highly contagious and possible to progress acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Therefore, the early diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia is very important. Taking a thorough history and human immunodeficiency virus screening test is highly recommended in case oral hairy leukoplakia is detected. In this case, a 29-year-old man presented with whitish lesion on lateral border of tongue is diagnosed as oral hairy leukoplakia and human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Cognitive radio systems have been considered as a strong solution of frequency scarcity due to the limit of frequency resources. This paper proposed an active interference management scheme that the secondary system can coexist with the primary system in the same frequency band without interference. Using the proposed protocol, the secondary user acquires interference channel information and transmit/receive filter information and designs precoding matrix using these information. Since interference from the secondary systems are collected to unused subchannels of the primary system, the primary system can suppress interference without additional process. The secondary systems suppress interference from the primary system using whitening matched filter so that the spectral efficiency can be improved. Numerical results provides that the proposed scheme improves performance of the secondary systems without interference to the primary system and do not degrade performance of the primary system even if the number of the secondary systems increases.

This paper proposes a method to realize a backflip motion for humanoid robots. In each phase of the backflip motion, the trajectory is planned. Besides, the Extended Linear Inverted Pendulum Mode (E-LIPM) is newly proposed to generate angular momentum that is needed for turning the body of the robot. In landing, an Impedance control is used to absorb the impact from the ground. Computer simulations of a backflip by a 7-DOF humanoid robot were performed, whose results show that the proposed method works well. This method is expected to be used for more complex motions of humanoid robots.

A 16.8Gbps/channel single ended transceiver for SiP based DRAM interface on silicon carrier channel is presented. A transmitter, receiver, and channel are all included in a single package. On the transmitter, 1 tap FFEs are used in 4:1 MUX and in output driver. On the receiver, source follower based CTLEs and self Vref generator are used for obtaining effective single ended signaling on Si-carrier channel. A BER that is less than 1e-12 is achieved in 65nm CMOS. The power efficiency of the transceiver is 5.9pJ/bit with 120Ω terminations at each transceiver side.

This paper proposed program voltage circuit techniques for 3D Solid State Drives (SSDs) with NAND flash memories. We reduced the charge pump stage using external high voltages of 12V and 5V with a proposed soft pre-charge high voltage switch to improve the power efficiency and area efficiency without a breakdown issue. The physical layout area in comparison with a conventional scheme and improves the power efficiency.

Heterogeneous networks have been developed to improve spectral efficiency of cellular wireless networks. Interference among heterogeneous networks decrease the spectral effeciency. In this paper, we propose a partial interference alignment in heterogeneous networks which requires only partial channel knowledge and simple computation. The proposed scheme provides interference-free communications for a macro UE which suffers from pico BSs' strong interference. Although pico UEs are still interference-limited, achievable rate loss is small since they experience weak interference. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme has a reasonable sum capacity and achievable rate compared to that of IA or CoMP-JT.

Various channel estimation methods have been proposed for shallow underwater communication channel with sparse channel type. A matching pursuit (MP), which is one of typical sparse channel estimation methods, can detect dominant components of sparse channel sequentially as a portion of matching. Mean squared error of MP, however, converges to fixed value even though signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. This paper proposes a minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation method with constant false alarm (CFAR) detection for sparse channel estimation. Unlike MP, the mean squared error of the proposed method decreases as SNR increases and is lower than that of conventional MMSE estimators on the sparse channel. Experimental results show that the proposed method estimates sparse underwater communication channel efficiently.