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Alcoholic liver injury (ALI) is a part of alcohol-related liver diseases. These diseases include steatohepatitis, alcoholic fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Accumulating data indicates that alcohol metabolism and circulating endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contribute to macrophage activation, which leads to the development of ALI. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been shown to be involved in many tissue inflammations as well as liver fibrosis; however, the role of PTP1B in ALI is still unclear. In this study, PTP1B expression was elevated in liver tissues and primary macrophages isolated from EtOH-fed mice. Moreover, PTP1B expression was elevated in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with alcohol and LPS. Additional studies showed that silencing of PTP1B reduced the inflammatory response and expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, while overexpression of PTP1B induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we found that NF-κB pathway was activated in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with alcohol and LPS, and PTP1B silencing or overexpression could regulate NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, this study revealed the function of PTP1B in ALI via its regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and may provide theoretical support for further research on ALI.

Seedling germplasm resources are important for mango breeding. Genetic diversity analyses based on molecular data can provide useful information for germplasm management and varietal characterization. Start codon targeted (SCoT) markers are efficient and highly polymorphic markers for phylogenetic relationship analyses of multiple species and were used in the present study to determine genetic relatedness and variability among 168 mango (Mangifera indica L.) germplasm resources. Forty-five SCoT primers generated unambiguous and reproducible bands and a total of 337 fragments, with a mean of 7.49 fragments per primer. Of these, 244 (72.4%) were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands varied from 1 (SCoT55) to 10 (SCoT4 and 52), with an average of 5.42 amplicons per primer. The average polymorphism information content, Nei’s genetic diversity, Shannon’s information index and marker index were 0.823, 0.426, 0.603 and 4.460, respectively. A dendrogram generated using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean delineated the 168 germplasm resources into two major clusters. Analysis of molecular variance revealed higher genetic diversity (89%) within each population than among the populations (11%). Most mango seedling germplasm resources grouped with their potential parents, and genetic differences were also detected. Thirty-four seedling germplasm resources were identified as potential parents or sister lines. These results demonstrate that SCoT markers are useful for cultivar identification and genetic diversity analyses of mango cultivars. This genetic information will support germplasm management and cultivar improvement.

Electroacupuncture has therapeutic effects on ischemic brain injury, but its mechanism is still poorly understood. In this study, mice were stimulated by electroacupuncture at the Baihui (GV20) acupoint for 30 minutes at 1 mA and 2/15 Hz for 5 consecutive days. A cerebral ischemia model was established by ligating the bilateral common carotid artery for 15 minutes. At 72 hours after injury, neuronal injury in the mouse hippocampus had lessened, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling-positive cells reduced after electroacupuncture treatment. Moreover, expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and phosphorylated AMPKα was up-regulated. Intraperitoneal injection of the AMPK antagonist, compound C, suppressed this phenomenon. Our findings suggest that electroacupuncture preconditioning alleviates ischemic brain injury via AMPK activation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Previous studies suggested that fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play an important role in RA pathogenesis, including the injury of cartilage, the hyperplasia of the synovium and the release of inflammatory cytokines. We used complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced rats as animal models for studying the RA pathogenesis. NLRC5 as the largest member of the NLR family has been reported to play a critical role in regulating immune responses. Increasing evidence suggests that NLRC5 is an pivotal negative modulator of inflammatory pathways. We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in RA progression. Significantly increased expression of NLRC5 was found in AA rats synovial tissues and cells. And high expression of inflammatory cytokine and cell proliferation of FLSs accompanied with NLRC5 overexpression, but inhibited in cells with NLRC5 silencing treatment. Interestingly, we found that overexpression of NLRC5 also coordinated the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. These results suggested that NLRC5 promotes RA progression via the NF-κB signaling pathway potentially.

In this paper, we will select and use stepper motor which is comparatively important and widely used in ships for the study. Through the study, we can propose a method that we can use the synchronous repeater compass for the high-precision digital conversion, and then statistics will be put into SCM AT89C52 with the simple handling of circuit conversion, thus, we can take a series of processes, such as data processing, initial value setting, directional displaying and serial port outputting. Foremost, the precision of this converting circuit can reach 0.1°that can ensure the numbers continuously change behind the decimal point one digit. So it is not only inexpensive, but also flexible and convenient in use.

This paper presented an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit suitable for FM/cw ladar. The proposed architecture was based on two-stage variable gain amplifier (VGA) chain with a novel DC offset canceller circuit, which contained an improved Gilbert cell and a Gm-C feedback loop. To keep the VGA with a linearity in dB characteristic, an improved exponential gain control circuit was introduced. The AGC was implemented in 0.18 μm standard CMOS process. Simulation and measurement results verified that its gain ranged from −20 dB to 30 dB, and bandwidth ranged from 100 kHz to 10 MHz. Its power consumption was 19.8 mW under a voltage supply of 3.3 V.

The technical and economic feasibility of high strength low alloy structural steel is analyzed used in highway semi-rigid guardrail. In principle of improving safety performance and reducing cost, a kind of high strength low alloy structural steel guardrail is designed. Through the finite element simulation method, the safety performance of this guardrail structure is validated to satisfy the grade-A conditions (160kJ kinetic energy). Compared with the guardrail of same protection level made of ordinary carbon structural steel, high strength low alloy structural steel guardrail can reduce the probability of penetrating when the accident vehicle impact the guardrail and decrease the accident damage, the steel consumption is above 20% lower and the construction cost can be saved as well, thus, remarkable economic and social benefits can be obtained.

In practical applications, the DSSS signal has very low power spectral density, and its application range is very wide, so in the non cooperative communication, if on the premise that the spread spectrum sequence is unaware, how to detect and estimate the existence of DSSS signal is very important, this has very strong application background. This paper introduces the time domain correlation detection method of DSSS signal, through the simulation can validate that this way can detect the existence of signal; it lays the theoretical foundation for practical application.

Proline-serine-threonine-phosphatase-interacting protein 2 (PSTPIP2) is related to inflammation. In this study, we investigated the function of PSTPIP2 in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) to overexpress PSTPIP2 in rat. AIA rats were developed by injecting Lewis rats with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) on day 0. AAV-empty or AAV-PSTPIP2, or PBS was administered intraarticularly into each knee joint on day 8 postinduction. All animals were killed at day 18 after adjuvant injection. WB was used to detect the expression of PSTPIP2 in rat synovial tissues. Fluorescence microscopy showed the transduction efficiency in synovial tissue. The morphology of arthritic joints was examined by HE, safranin O/fast green, or Toluidine blue staining. The bone destruction was examined via X-ray and micro-CT analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis or TRAP staining were used to investigate the role of PSTPIP2 in osteoclasts and the expression of PSTPIP2 in synovial tissue. RT-qPCR and ELISA were used to examine the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovial tissue or serum. AIA rats were found to have decreased PSTPIP2 expression and AIA-associated bone loss and inflammatory infiltration. We showed that administration of AAV-PSTPIP2 before arthritis onset significantly reduces the severity of AIA. PSTPIP2 was highly expressed in synovial cells. In addition, inflammatory responses and the number of osteoclasts were reduced with AAV-PSTPIP2 treatment. These findings demonstrate that PSTPIP2 may improve the severity of AIA by inhibiting the function of fibroblast-like synoviocytes, suppressing inflammation and reducing the number of osteoclasts.

Purpose Cigarette smoking causes many kinds of cancer, and it is more closely related with lung cancer, rather than other cancers. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer and ninety percent of the smokers are male in China, but there is little published data concerning the psychological responses in the male smokers with lung cancer and its influence on the symptom burden. The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that male smokers with lung cancer have more positive attitude and less symptom burden, comparing to male non-smokers. Methods A total of 194 men with cancer in West China Hospital, Sichuan, China, were assessed by self-administered questionnaire. Psychological response was measured by the Chinese version of Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale (Mini-MAC), and symptom burden was measured by the physical symptom distress scale from the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL). Results We found that smokers with lung cancer got higher scores in positive attitude and a smaller symptom burden than non-smokers. Patients with education lower than high school got higher scores of positive attitude compared to college graduate patients (p=0.038). Smokers with lung cancer who knew the potential carcinogenicity of cigarette showed less negative emotions (p=0.011). The psychological response was not affected by age, clinical stage, cell type, smoking duration and amount. Conclusions Male smokers with lung cancer have a more positive attitude and fewer symptoms, comparing to male non-smokers. Appropriate psychological intervention for non-smokers with lung cancer deserves more attention.

The frequency hopping (FH) communication is one of the anti-interference effective means in military wireless communication, the FH number and FH rate of FH radio are the main parameters that determines the performance of the FH radio, these parameters are determined by the structure and the index of the frequency synthesizer, therefore the performance of the FH radio depends very much on the frequency synthesizer, this paper introduces the basic principle of FH radio, the basic methods of frequency synthesizer in the radio, the design scheme frequency synthesizer, and the DDS CMOS chip and the PLL CMOS chip that those used in scheme.

The technology of OFDM is a multi-carrier technology, and it is a kind of high efficient modulation technique, it has the ability of strong anti multi-path propagation and frequency selective fading, and higher frequency spectrum utilization rate, this technology is applicable to high speed data transmission in the multi-path and fading channel environment. This paper introduces the basic principle of OFDM adaptive system, and the SNR estimation of OFDM adaptive system in Gauss channel through the simulation, this is a theoretical foundation to practical application in the future.

A tunable filter was designed, which using the liquid crystal as defect films based on the one-dimensional ternary photonic crystal. The spectrum transmission was obtained by using the transfer matrix method, analyze the properties of the band gap of the 1D ternary photonic crystal and main factors influencing the tunable filter. The results show that the filter has different job windows by changing the thickness increment of the adjacent medium behind the liquid crystal, and the tuning range of which has 30nm and above .

By analyzing the pattern and law which alternating magnetic field signals affect, the relations of alternating magnetic field signals and flaws were obtained. These relations illustrated alternating magnetic field technology ?s method and way. Some analysis was done after making contrast test samples. These analysis confirm that alternating magnetic field method can quickly find locations of defects during detection of blade part. It may raise efficiency and ensure equipments safely run.

The paper introduced grey comprehensive relational grade into transverse analysis and compare for several similar communication equipments. By analyze the grey relational principle, the relational coefficient, the selection of the distinguishing coefficient and studying several relational grades, the grey comprehensive relational grade is successfully applied to analysis of communication equipment fighting efficiency .Results of the practical application show that the method based on the comprehensive grey relational grade analysis has the advantages of simplified computation and feasible, consistency to the qualitative analysis result ,It can provides theoretical guidance for targeted maintenance of the equipment and improve and increase rapidly fighting efficiency of airborne early communication system in war.

In this study, bamboo ply panel (BPP) was exposed to 5 kinds of accelerate aging cycles in order to assess its durability under extreme conditions. Meanwhile, outdoor weathering, as a comparison, was carried out for 36 months with the objective of evaluating humidity resistance by means of testing modules of rupture (MOR) and modules of elasticity (MOE) value. Results show that for each kind of laboratory aging process, a comparison to wild field weathering was possible. Though very susceptible to hydrothermal alternation, BPP still kept good performance, the life span was about 15 months.

The altimeter is a very important measuring-height equipment, so the test of the altimeter is the important content to function measurement of the plane navigation system, synthetically altimeter detector can make some type altimeter test standardized, this paper introduces the overall design and system composition of the altimeter detector, it is focused on emphatically the hardware design procedure of the synthetical altimeter detector, this instrument can reduce about 30% work load of attendants, in the actual application the altimeter detector has advantages, such as good military and economic benefits.

A new-style tunable photonic crystal filter was proposed, its structure is the liquid crystal defect films are introduced to the one-dimensional photonic crystal periodically composed by three different refractive index mediums. The spectrum transmission was obtained by using the transfer matrix method and liquid crystal Jones' matrix, we synthetically analyze the properties of the complex period photonic crystal infiltrated with nematic liquid crystal and the influence of many factors such as liquid crystal thickness, photonic crystal periodicity and adjacent medium thickness increment. The filter has different job windows in 1550 nm、1330nm etc, by changing the thickness increment of the adjacent medium behind the liquid crystal, and the tuning range of which has 30nm and above .

In order to analyze the feasibility of barrier safety performance evaluation with computer simulation method, finite-element models of various vehicles and barriers were set up and simulations results are compared to multiple full-scale impact test data. The results indicate that all safety performance index such as vehicle trajectory, structural adequacy, occupant risk and dynamic deformation can be extracted from computer simulation and FEA results are coincident with those of tests with error less than 10%. Computer simulation method is proved to be highly feasible for safety performance evaluation of barriers. The concept that simulation models must be verified through tests is stressed and the suggestion that laws and regulations on professional audit and management of CAE engineers should be completed is brought out.

A new biofilter technology was used to control the methane concentration in the coal mine. The results indicate that the biofilter achieves a steady methane removal capacity of 1 470 mg/(L·h) after 30 days start-up. More than 90% of the methane can be removed with an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 5.6 min when the inlet concentration of methane (IMC) is lower than 70 mg/L (10%, V/V) and about 80% when IMC is at 105 mg/L (15%, V/V). The biofilter is still a reliable method to control methane concentration as an auxiliary means to boost coal mine production safety together with aggrandized ventilation and drainage technologies, even though the removal efficiency of methane is not very satisfactory with a high IMC (>10%) or a short EBRT (

Audio system has become an indispensable part in many products. On Linux 2.6 kernel audio driver is taken as a bridge to connect the audio hardware with ALSA audio subsystem. This paper described interface of ALSA audio subsystem and audio driver programming essentials in detail. Specially, PC audio driver architecture provided even better ALSA support has been widely used in audio system.

A scannerless ladar imaging system based on a unique frequency modulation/continuous wave (FM/cw) technique is able to entirely capture the target environment, using a focal plane array to construct a 3D picture of the target. This paper presents a low power trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) designed and implemented by 0.18 μm CMOS technology, which is used in the FM/cw imaging ladar with a 64×64 metal-semiconductor-metal(MSM) self-mixing detector array. The input stage of the operational amplifier (op amp) in TIA is realized with folded cascade structure to achieve large open loop gain and low offset. The simulation and test results of TIA with MSM detectors indicate that the single-end trans-impedance gain is beyond 100 kΩ, and the -3 dB bandwidth of Op Amp is beyond 60 MHz. The input common mode voltage ranges from 0.2 V to 1.5 V, and the power dissipation is reduced to 1.8 mW with a supply voltage of 3.3 V. The performance test results show that the TIA is a candidate for preamplifier of the read-out integrated circuit (ROIC) in the FM/cw scannerless ladar imaging system.