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Cyberphysical systems (CPS) integrate embedded sensors, actuators, and computing elements for controlling physical processes. Due to the intimate interactions with the surrounding environment, CPS software must continuously adapt to changing conditions. Enacting adaptation decisions is often subject to strict time requirements to ensure control stability, while CPS software must operate within the tight resource constraints that characterize CPS platforms. Developers are typically left without dedicated programming support to cope with these aspects. This results in either to neglect functional or timing issues that may potentially arise or to invest significant efforts to implement hand-crafted solutions. We provide programming constructs that allow developers to simplify the specification of adaptive processing and to rely on well-defined time semantics. Our evaluation shows that using these constructs simplifies implementations while reducing developers' effort, at the price of a modest memory and processing overhead.

A study was undertaken of the history of cementing materials in which the historical-literary and archival investigation was combined with experimental study of many samples of cements, mortars and concretes from different buildings from different periods and nations and also with the historicoetymological study of special terms. Plasters used in Greco-Roman-Byzantine times and mortars of the middle ages were studied and their standards were compared with those of today. Comments are made on cements and construction in the Russian empire. Questions regarding the theory of hardening and corrosion of modern cements, mortars and concretes and problems relating to the strength and durability of modern buildings are considered.