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Health practices have been experiencing a crisis of legitimacy for some time, which overcoming seems to depend not only on technical responses, but requires a more radical review of their assumptions and strategies. This requirement also demands reviewing the theoretical arsenal that instructs critical reflection and empirical research on these practices. The present essay seeks to explore the contributions that Axel Honneth's Theory of the Struggle for Recognition can bring to this process. In this sense, the general lines of this theory are exposed and implications for health thinking/research are pointed out. The potential of this situation is noteworthy, especially with regard to the field of rights and social esteem, to explain processes of disrespect and, consequently, conflicts in the field of health; alienation as a barrier to the recognition of oneself and the other; and to promote reconstructive dialogues between theoretical frameworks that facilitate the articulated understanding of subjective and social processes, which is relevant for the construction of effective health care.

Resumo O Projeto Mais Médicos (PMM), lançado em 2013, buscou prover profissionais médicos para atuar na Atenção Primária à Saúde, em regiões prioritárias para o Sistema Único de Saúde. Neste artigo, analisa-se a percepção de usuários sobre o PMM, como resultado de investigação qualitativa que entrevistou pessoas atendidas na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) em que atuam médicos do projeto. Os entrevistados veem positivamente o PMM, por ele ter ampliado o acesso aos cuidados médicos, embora persistam barreiras organizacionais e técnicas que limitam o uso dos serviços. A atuação de médicos intercambistas foi bem avaliada, com ênfase na relação médico-usuário humanizada, caracterizada pela escuta, atenção e diálogo. Sobre a comunicação com esses profissionais, os usuários referem o idioma como uma barreira, que foi amenizada pelo uso de estratégias comunicacionais nas ESF. O PMM ofereceu resolução rápida e satisfatória para o problema histórico da dificuldade de acesso ao médico. Contudo a efetivação do sistema de saúde brasileiro exige a superação de insuficiências, como acesso a serviços especializados, problemas organizacionais e modelos de produção de serviços centrados na doença. Abstract The Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program (MMP), which was launched in 2013, sought to provide doctors to work in primary health care in priority areas within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). This article analyzes the perception of MMP service users through the results of a qualitative study that consisted of interviews with service users of the Family Health Strategy (ESF) in which doctors from the MMP worked. The service users who were interviewed had a positive view of the MMP because it had expanded access to health care, although there still remained organizational and technical problems that limited the use of services. The performance of foreign doctors was well viewed, with an emphasis on a humanized relationship between doctor and service user, which was characterized by listening, attention and dialogue. In terms of communication with these professionals, some service users referred to language as being a barrier, which was ameliorated by the use of communication strategies within the ESF. The MMP offered a quick and satisfactory resolution to the historical problem of difficulty of access to doctors in Brazil. However, the effectiveness of the Brazilian health system requires that weaknesses are overcome, such as access to specialized services, organizational problems and the implementation of service production models that are centered on illness.