1. Does sex influence the effects of experimental sleep curtailment and circadian misalignment on regulation of appetite?
- Author
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Julian V. Gallegos, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Faris M. Zuraikat, and Hedda L Boege
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Leptin ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Appetite ,Bioinformatics ,medicine.disease ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Obesity ,Article ,Energy homeostasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Ghrelin ,Circadian rhythm ,business ,media_common ,Hormone - Abstract
Sleep curtailment and circadian misalignment disrupt energy sensing and eating behaviors, which can contribute to weight gain and obesity-related comorbidities. Herein, we review the effects of experimental manipulations of sleep duration and circadian alignment on circulating concentrations of appetite hormones, specifically leptin and ghrelin. Further, we focus on sex differences in hormonal and behavioral responses related to food intake. The studies reviewed suggest potential sex-specific effects of sleep curtailment on key hormones involved in the gut-brain axis, presumably leading to downstream effects on neural processes involved in food seeking and consumption behaviors. However, there is insufficient evidence to declare any sex-specific effects of circadian misalignment on appetite regulation. More research is needed to elucidate the complex sex-specific relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, energy homeostasis, and appetite regulating mechanisms. Greater knowledge of these mechanisms would aid in the development of targeted methods to mitigate risk for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
- Published
- 2021