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This study aimed to (1) explore the prevalence and relevant influencing factors of different mental disorders 5 years after the Lushan earthquake in Ya’an, China. An epidemiological mental health survey was conducted to identify the prevalence of mental disorders in general population in Ya’an. A multi-stage, group-matching random sampling method was adopted. Face-to-face interviews were done with a two-stage design by trained interviewers and psychiatrists. The 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) was used for the diagnosis. There were 8876 participants who were interviewed in this study. The total 12-month and lifetime prevalence of all mental disorders were 12.5% and 14.7%, respectively. There was a significant difference between males and females in the prevalence patterns of several mental disorders. Han ethnic group had higher prevalence of anxiety disorders (2.7%), and the Tibetan group had higher prevalence of alcohol-related disorders (5.0%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the areas severely affected by the earthquake had significantly higher prevalence of depressive disorders, and the extremely severe affected areas had significantly higher prevalence of trauma- and stressor-related disorders. Our findings show that the prevalence of a range of mental disorders 5 years after the earthquake in Ya’an are high, and the prevalence of depressive and trauma- and stressor-related disorders may be influenced differently by the various severity of earthquake impact. This study may be crucial for the health policy-making, cultural-specific mental health services and long-term mental recovery after the earthquake.

In order to improve the buffering performance of the data encrypted by CP-ABE (ciphertext policy attribute based encryption), this paper proposed a Markov prefetching model based on attribute classification. The prefetching model combines the access strategy of CP-ABE encrypted file, establishes the user relationship network according to the attribute value of the user, classifies the user by the modularity-based community partitioning algorithm, and establishes a Markov prefetching model based on attribute classification. In comparison with the traditional Markov prefetching model and the classification-based Markov prefetching model, the attribute-based Markov prefetching model is proposed in this paper has higher prefetch accuracy and coverage.

The putput section of the tube applied a 2-gap couple-output cavity techniques. The tube has a peak output power of 600kW, pulse-length of 200us, a instantaneous bandwith above of 220MHz, efficiency of 32%, gain of 43dB. The paper described the design issues, techniques features, computing simulation and test results.

Purpose – Fabric defects detection is vital in the automation of textile industry. The purpose of this paper is to develop and implement a new fabric defects detection method based on adaptive wavelet. Design/methodology/approach – Fabric defects can be regarded as the abrupt features of textile images with uniform background textures. Wavelets have compact support and can represent these textures. When there is an abrupt feature existed, the response is totally different with the response of the background textures, so wavelets can detect these abrupt features. This method designs the appropriate wavelet bases for different fabric images adaptively. The defects can be detected accurately. Findings – The proposed method achieves accurate detection of fabric defects. The experimental results suggest that the approach is effective. Originality/value – This paper develops an appropriate method to design wavelet filter coefficients for detecting fabric defects, which is called adaptive wavelet. And it is helpful to realize the automation of textile industry.

A novel ancillary ligand(2-(1-hydroxy-naphthyl)-benzothiozolato)(HNBT) and the corresponding red emitting phosphorescent iridium(Ⅲ) complex,Ir(ppy)2(NBT) with 2-phenylphridine(ppy) as first ligand are designed and synthesized.Saturated red-emitting electrophosphorescent devices using Ir(ppy)2(NBT) as emission center are fabricated.The thermal,photophysical,and electroluminescent properties of Ir(ppy)2(NBT) are investigated in detail.It is noteworthy that the emission spectrum shape of complex Ir(ppy)2(NBT) is similar to Gauss,which has only one emission peak centralized 614 nm with a full-width at half-maximum of 65 nm.The optimized device exhibits a maximum brightness of 6 400 cd/m2 and the peak current efficiency is 4.53 cd/A.

In order to solve several problems such as less automation, high labor intensity and inefficiency, which are brought by the traditional human inspection methods, we develop a machine vision system for film capacitor defect inspection in this paper. Specifically, we use high-definition CMOS industrial cameras, IPC board and STM32 controller to set up the hardware platform, and put forward suitable image processing algorithms for film capacitor appearance defect inspection, such as forward extraction, horizontal and vertical projection, shape detection and gradient detection. The proposed algorithms can well realize the detection of uneven appearance defect, glitch defect, red paint missing defect and protruding edge defect of film capacitors. The experimental results show that the proposed vision system has high accuracy and reliability, can meet the modern production requirements.

The blowout preventer valve is the last protective screen to prevent oil spilling in offshore drilling platform. To avoid the happen of the spilling and other disasters which is caused by the blowout preventer valve failure, a lifetime prognosis approach is employed to forecast the lifetime of blowout preventer valve based on Wiener process. Firstly, a performance degradation model is established according to degradation data of the blowout preventer valve. Secondly, parameters in the model are obtained in virtue of the maximum likelihood estimation method, and then the lifetime is prognosed. Finally, an example is given to verify its effectiveness and reliability.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of monophosphoryl lipid A (MLA) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbit heart and its signal transduction pathway. METHODS: Eighteen rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) MLA-group: Six rabbits received injection of MLA (35mgr;g/kg, iv) 24 h prior to 45 min of ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. (2) Control group: Six rabbits received an intravenous bolus injection of the same volume of vehicle. (3) SB group: Six rabbits intravenously received 2mgr;mol/l SB 203580 30-min prior to MLA administration. At the end of reperfusion, myocardial infarct size and serum nitrite/nitrate were detected. Myocardium p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was detected using a Western blotting method. RESULTS: MLA pretreatment caused a significant reduction of infarct size as percent of area at risk as compared to vehicle-pretreated controls (36+/-3 vs. 65+/-4%, P0.001). Total nitrite in serum increased in MLA pretreated animals (P0.05). The protective effects of MLA were completely abolished by selective p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 203580. Western blot analysis showed significant accumulations of p38 MAPK proteins in the myocardium of MLA pretreated animals. CONCLUSIONS: MLA can protect the heart by reducing myocardial infarct size in rabbits. This cardioprotective effect might be attributed to upregulation of nitric oxide (NO) through the activation of p38 MAPK.

Along with the development of computer and network, various universities basically have established the international trade course of the foreign trade practice simulation laboratory, this paper explains the SimTrade trade simulation software architecture model and content structure, analyzes its teaching practice in a realistic simulation environment, economic and trade professional training applied on the edge, and analyzed its disadvantages and application in the design of software of the problem.

An image processing software system framework for aerial remote sensing is designed and implemented in this paper. Different from commercial remote sensing processing software for satellite platforms, a serial of functions, including radiometric correction, geometric correction, image mosaic and fusion, are proposed referring to the feature of the aerial images. These functions can be freely composed to form a process pipeline with a friendly interactive user interface. Moreover, an automatic optimization method for processing pipeline is put forward based on the image quality evaluation. Besides, this system can yield valuable feedbacks to improve the imaging system. Its performance is verified by processing real aerial images. It is shown that the involved functional algorithms are robust against the instability of airborne platform, the variety of terrain, and other interfering factors resulting in imaging distortions.

The fixed pattern noise (FPN) of the infrared focal plane array severely limits the system performance, and the non-uniformity correction algorithm is a key technique of thermal imaging system. The scene-based non-uniformity correction algorithm does not require a shutter to block the field of view, but utilizes the scene information of image sequences to calculate the infrared focal plane array non-uniformity parameters. This paper introduces an improved neural network non-uniformity correction algorithm, which speeds up the convergence rate of the conventional neural network algorithm. The improved algorithm employs the edge detection method to overcome the ghosting artifacts generated by the conventional algorithm. In the test of infrared image sequences, the algorithm introduced in this paper is proved to be reasonable and effective‥

A 500 kW C-band klystron with broad bandwidth has been developed. The klystron is successfully built and met design specification and applied for microwave amplifier.

In this paper, the mathematical differential equations of a cylindrical permanent magnet are established. Based on simulation and analysis of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and its magnetic dipole, a location tract method with magnetoresistive sensors for the wireless capsule endoscope is studied. The experiment results indicate the location tract method is feasible.

With the development of superconductivity technology, the current source multi-level inverter (CSI) will be paid more and more attention, appearing some new topology, but the corresponding controller has not appeared, for example split-phase control current source multi-level inverter. In view of this situation, a solution based on FPGA is proposed. Using the FPGA technology, all logical function will be integrated to a chip, reduced the system cubage greatly, enhanced the system performance, moreover triple-harmonic filling is conveniently, through fill the triple-harmonic, the efficiency of the inverter will be enhanced 1.15 times .The entire design is validated on a five level experiment system.

This paper presents a novel single-chip IC (integrated circuit) realization of the 3-sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) controller. The controller's outputs, such as fundamental voltage, frequency, dead time and so on, are controlled by several input clocks' frequency. With an EDA (electronic design automation) methodology, the control IC is implemented using only one single advanced FPGA from Altera, Inc. The output fundamental frequency can be adjusted from 0.094 to 2 kHz or more, and it can be real-time display. The SPWM switching frequency can be set 50 kHz. The dead time for the IGBT is arbitrarily adjustable. The designed SPWM IC can be incorporated with a digital signal processor (DSP) to provide a simple and effective solution for high-performance AC drivers. Further more, the design can be converted into a soft IP (intellectual property) core for other purposes. Simulation and experimental results are given to verify the constructed controller.

Frequency of an internal-mirror He-Ne laser is stabilized by using a micro cooling fan, instead of traditional heating method. Both the relationship between driving voltage and rotating speed and the thermal expansion of the intermal-mirror laser are discussed. The cavity length of the laser is controlled and adjusted by air cooling. The frequency stabilization is based on a theory of power balance between two longitudinal modes. The average temperature of the laser tube is less than 50 ℃ when the frequency is stabilized. A frequency fluctuation of less than 1.4 MHz in 20 h and a frequency relative standard uncertainty of U=4.710-9 in 4 months are evaluated by measuring the beat signal with a high-precision laser stabilized by iodine.

Objectives To investigate the role of protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in angiotensin II, and to explore the role of taurine (Tau), the ERS inhibitor, in Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Methods In the model of Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats, morphological studies, 3H-Leucine incorporation and surface area were employed to assess cardiac hypertroph. Real time PCR, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detected mRNA and protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), calreticulin (CRT), PERK, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α(eIF2α), (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). Cultured cardiomyocytes were treated with Tau prior to Ang II treatment, and then detected the status of cardiomyocytes and ER stress-related molecular. Results Compared with control group, angiotensin II treated cardiomyocytes showed that CRT mRNA and protein expression increased by 146.4% and 125.3%, respectively (p Conclusions Ang II treatment up-regulated the mRNA and protein level of CRT, GRP78, PERK, eIF2α and CHOP in cardiomyocytes, indicating that Ang II could induce ER stress response in cultrued cardiomyocytes. Tau down-regulated expression of ANP and BNP, protein synthesis rate, and cell surface area induced by Ang II. Tau also down-regulated expression of ER stress-related molecules. Our data indicated that PERK-mediated ERS is involved in Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and Tau attenuated Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through suppressing ERS

In accordance with the character of diffusing Ga and Al in SiO2/Si system and in the use of magnetic-control device for controlling accurately the doping quantity of Ga, the double-impurity doping of both Ga and Al is completed consecutively in the same high-temperature diffusion furnace. It is shown that the doping is with good uniformity，repeatability and continuity．A uniform distribution of impurity concentration can be achieved．Since the covalent radiuses of the atoms，Ga and Al，are close to that of Si，and the temperature is slowly dropped after the high temperature, the defects of the lattice is obviously reduced．The lifetime of minority carrier is significantly increases and the voltage drop is reduced．In this paper, the mechanism of enhancing the performances of thyristors by Ga-A1 doping is investigated．Our result shows that the double-impurity doping technique is conducive to raising the level of breakdown voltage and surge capacity，and improving the characteristics of current，triggering and dynamics significantly．The double-impurity doping technique is better than other known techniques of doping．

A unusual electrochromism is observed in amber cubic boron nitride (cBN) single crystals when breakdown possibly related to impurities and defects occurs. The electrochromism induces an abrupt increase in the absorption coefficient of the cBN crystals within the visible and infrared region. The change of the absorption coefficient of cBN crystal can be increased linearly by raising the current after the electrochromism occurs, whereas it is irrelevant to the polarization of the incident light. The absorption related to the electrochromism in the cBN single crystal has potential applications in designing and manufacturing electro-optical modulators, optical switches, and other optoelectric devices.

We describe a novel technique for producing the p-type semiconductor. The homogeneous impurity doping of Ga and Al in the n-type silicon wafer is achieved by means of the combination of two technical processes namely aluminum emulsion coating and vaporizing Ga. This Ga-Al double-impurity doping technique, as well as its effect on the quality of the produced semiconductor devices, is investigated theoretically and tested in practice. The principle of the doping technique is also discussed in detail. By using SRP, four-probe needle and thyristor analyzer, we have examined the Ga-Al impurity concentration distribution within the silicon wafer, thin layer resistance RS, and other useful parameters of the fast switching thyristors made by this technique. The turn-off time of the fast switching thyristors, toff is 31.2—38.6 μs, turn-on time ton is 4.6—5.9 μs, and the forward voltage drop VTM measured is 1.9—2.1 V. Both experiment and some real applications indicated that this technique may obviously improve the semiconductor device in the overall performance, the electrical parameter uniformity and the end product rate. It provides a feasible technique for making fast switching thyristors.

A novel force sensor based on optical beam deflection was developed to investigate the mechanical effects during the pulsed laser ablation of a metal in liquids with different viscosities. The experimental results show that the targets in viscous liquids are affected by laser-generated ablation force and high- speed liquid-jet impulse induced by bubble collapse. In the same liquid, the amplitudes of the three kinds of forces increase with the increase of laser energy. With the increase in viscosity, the amplitudes of all three forces decrease, and the cavitation erosion is reduced. Larger viscosities make the bubble expand or contract more slowly, and bubble life-time becomes larger. Besides, the Rayleigh equation was revised, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

The energy transfer and the luminescence properties of polyvinyl-carbazole (PVK) and oligomeric phenylenevinylene derivative (2,5-dodecyloxy-1,4-(biphenyl-enevinyl )phenyl)(DBVP)blend system were studied. The energy transfer between PVK and DBVP was investigated by the UV-vis absorption spectra, photoluminescent excitation (PLE) spectra and photoluminescent (PL) spectra of PVK/DBVP blend system. The electroluminescence (EL) properties of the blend system were investigated by characterization with the device ITO/PEDOT/PVK∶DBVP (w/w)/LiF/Al. The PL and EL spectra of PVK in the PVK/DBVP system were effectively quenched, which means the effective energy transfer between PVK and DBVP. Because PVK matrix acted as solid solvent, the emission performance of the blend system could be adjusted and improved by changing the ratio of PVK and DBVP. The luminescence efficiency is up to 1.06cd/A at 52cd/m2, when the weight ratio of PVK∶DBVP was 1:2 and the bright blue and green light emission were obtained when the ratio of PVK∶DBVP was changed from 20∶2 to 1∶2.

Time- and space- resolved x-ray spectrum diagnostic system has been established by coupling flat-field grating and gated-MCP (micro-channel plate) with an optic al CCD. A series of experimental investigations on the characterization of the d iagnostic system have been carried out to develop quantitative measurement techn ology of x-ray absorption spectrum. This diagnostic technology has been successf ully applied to the measurements of absorption.

The propagation and switching of short optical pulses in a three-core nonlinear fiber coupler have been investigated with a variation method within the framework of the Lagrangian density formulation.The analytical solutions were directly obtained from the coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equations.It is shown that the soliton switching behavior predicted by the present analytical method agrees well with the results from numerical analysis.In addition,the coupling length and the switching threshold of solitons in a nonlinear coupler were obtained.

Geothermal studies have been conducted in China continuously since the end of the 1950's with renewed activity since 1970. Three areas of research are defined: (1) fundamental theoretical research on geothermics, including subsurface temperatures, terrestrial heat flow and geothermal modeling; (2) exploration for geothermal resources and exploitation of geothermal energy; and (3) geothermal studies in mines. Regional geothermal studies have been conducted recently in North China and more than 2000 values of subsurface temperature have been obtained. Temperatures at a depth of 300 m generally range from 20 to 25°C with geothermal gradients from 20 to 40°C/km. These values are regarded as an average for the region with anomalies related to geological factors. To date, 22 reliable heat flow data from 17 sites have been obtained in North China and the data have been categorized according to fault block tectonics. The average heat flow value at 16 sites in the north is 1.3 HFU, varying from 0.7 to 1.8 HFU. It is apparent that the North China fault block is characterized by a relatively high heat flow with wide variations in magnitude compared to the mean value for similar tectonic units in other parts of the world. It is suggested that although the North China fault block can be traced back to the Archaean, the tectonic activity has been strengthening since the Mesozoic resulting in so-called “reactivation of platform” with large-scale faulting and magmatism. Geothermal resources in China are extensive; more than 2000 hot springs have been found and there are other manifestations including geysers, hydrothermal explosions, hydrothermal steam, fumaroles, high-temperature fountains, boiling springs, pools of boiling mud, etc. In addition, there are many Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary basins with widespread aquifers containing geothermal water resources in abundance. The extensive exploration and exploitation of these geothermal resources began early in the 1970's. Since then several experimental power stations using thermal water have been set up in Fengshun (Fungshun)

A new emulsified floatation agent with a compound of diesel, surfactant and water with a percentage of 27:3:70 was applied to the research on the floatation test with two coal samples of Guandi coal and Xingtai coal to solve the problem of low efficiency and high oil consumption of traditional floatation which used diesel itself to serve as the collector. The results showed that the floatation agent was good in performance and reliability, high in selection, and has improved the floatation performances. Based on the clean coal ash remaining unchanged, in comparison with the diesel, when EDO was applied as the collector of Guandi coal, the diesel oil could be saved about 73%, meanwhile, the clean coal production could be increased by around 3%. When EDO was applied as the collector of Xingtai coal, the diesel oil could be saved about 46%, meanwhile the clean coal production could be increased by 7% or thereabouts.

Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is combination of medical disorders that increase people's risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Little data exists on the prevalence of MS of rural original adults in Ningxia of China. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used and the participants were interviewed by trained health workers under a structured questionnaire in rural of Ningxia in 2008. The number of research subjects was 1612. MS was defined by International Diabetes Federation IDF (2005). Results The age-adjusted prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 11.8%, whereas ethnic-specific prevalence was 10.3% in Han ethnic group and 13.7% in Hui ethnic group. Components of MS and MS were more common in Hui ethnic group than Han ethnic group. The mean levels and prevalence of abnormal value increased with increasing age in both ethnic groups (Cochran-Artimage test for trend, Hui ethnic group P < 0.05, Han ethnic group P < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of MS was high in rural residents' adults in Ningxia. Clustering of MS components and MS was increased with age. The components of MS have big differences among different ethnic groups.