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The article devotes to the initial stage of I.S. Turgenev’s creativity path, when he intended to devote himself to philosophy. The first part of the historical and philosophical research covers the studentship stage of his life, Turgenev’s involvement to the University course of philosophy primarily in Moscow, then in St. Petersburg universities. Everything happened at Moscow University due to Professor M.G. Pavlov, Shelling’s philosophy follower, who was teaching physics in a philosophical format. He listened course of lectures on metaphysics at St.-Petersburg University, given by A. A. Fisher, who was one of the first who started to teach philosophy in accordance with Uvarov’s ideological triade “Orthodoxy, Autocracy and Nationality”. The second part touches upon the period of education abroad. After he had finished the philological faculty of St.-Petersburg University in 1837, he became convinced that Russian universities could provide only preliminary education and real source of knowledge could be found only abroad; that is why he goes “to finish his education” in Berlin. There he studied ancient languages, history and Hegel’s philosophy under the guidance of Professor Werder. Turgenev also prepared different parts of Shelling’s teaching for publishing in Russian periodic, after famous philosopher had given lectures in University of Berlin. The last part of this article gives a picture of Turgenev attempts to receive masters’ degree and tries to take place at the Department of Philosophy. At the beginning of 1842, after presenting the diploma of candidate, granted by St.-Petersburg University, he asked Moscow University Council to give him a permission to receive the masters’ degree; his utter motive was to occupy the place at the Department of Philosophy, which was vacant for a long time. But he failed to do so in Moscow and moved to St.-Petersburg, where he tried to pass exams needed to get degree again. However, he failed again due to not giving the dissertation work; as the result, he didn’t receive masters’ degree and, furthermore, he dedicated himself entirely to literature. However, Turgenev saved his interest to philosophical problems, which he tried to solve in prose format.

As the education level of engineering and scientific talentscontinuouslyrise worldwide, the demand for master engineering program accreditation has gradually increased. International engineering programaccreditation organizationsmostly focus on baccalaureate level, less on the master's level and above. In order to construct accreditation system of engineering program at master's level, this study selected ABET, one of the pioneers inaccreditation at the master’s level, as a case study that emphasizes on revealing differences of engineering program accreditations in master's and baccalaureate level. The study found that, compared to the baccalaureate level,the general criteria of master’s level is emphatically featured in curriculum accreditation master’s level general criteria feature curriculum accreditation criteria that lay more emphasison previous course accumulation, professionalism and practicality, assessment review, higher level faculty, and along with facilities focusing more on student-centered concept and requirement for information society.

More than 3000 clinical trials related to COVID-19 have been registered through clinicaltrials.gov. With so many trials, there is a risk that many will be inconclusive due to being underpowered or due to an inability to recruit patients. At academic medical centers, multiple trials are competing for the same resources; the success of one may come at the expense of another. The COVID-19 Outpatient Pragmatic Protocol Study (COPPS) is a flexible phase 2, multi-site, randomized, blinded trial based at Stanford University designed to overcome these issues by simultaneously evaluating multiple COVID-19 treatments in the outpatient setting in one common platform with shared controls. This approach reduces the overall number of patients required for statistical power, while improving the likelihood that any enrolled patient receives active treatment. The platform study has two main domains designed to evaluate COVID-19 treatments by assessing their ability to reduce viral shedding (Viral Domain), measured with self-collected nasal swabs, or improve clinical outcomes (Clinical Domain), measured through self-reported symptomology data. Data are collected on both domains for all participants enrolled. Participants are followed over a 28-day period. COPPS has the advantage of pragmatism created around its workflow that is also appealing to potential participants because of a lower probability of inactive treatment. At the conclusion of this clinical trial we expect to have identified potentially effective therapeutic strategy/ies for treating COVID-19 in the outpatient setting, which will have a transformative impact on medicine and public health.

This study responds to a theoretical essay, where it sought to analyses the dominant logic of service in marketing and its contextualization, based on studies initiated by exponents such as Vargo and Lusch in 2004. In other words, this new logic interpreted that value is constructed from the perspective of value in individual or social use. Also, it was sought to bring findings of the evolution of the concept of marketing, because it has been the concern of researchers in the area over the past decades. Still, since 2004, theories have been developed about this orientation of the "new logic". In this period, the proposers of the Vargo and Lusch theory reviewed the Foundational Assumptions (FPs) of the "Service Dominant Logic" (SDL), where some years later was added an eleventh FP written in the article of (Vargo & Lusch, 2016) "the co-creation of value is coordinated through institutions managed by an actor and institutional arrangements". In this way, this essay approached private higher education through reports from teachers (teachers) and students (students) of the Master's Degree in Administration at a University located in the Pardo River Valley/RS, more precisely the classroom of that course, addressing the interactive relationships between the parties in the process of teaching learning and knowledge construction. Finally, studies based on the dominant logic of service in marketing and the co-creation of value, consists of resuming studies of the last decade in the marketing area, providing advances for integrative issues, where companies need to differentiate themselves in relation to their competitors, seeking to offer the best products and/or services.

The authors express thanks to Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; to the actors and actresses who played the role in each video; and to the professional technicians who produced and edited the videos., Objectives: Pharmaceutical Care is a subject within the Pharmacy degree that can not only be taught using theoretical frameworks but also requires new teaching tools, like a simulated educational video. The objective of this study is to produce simulated patientbased videos as a supplementary teaching tool to deepen the understanding and knowledge of Professional Pharmacy Services. Design: Several videos based on simulated patient cases of the most prevalent Professional Pharmacy Services (medication adherence, medication review with follow-up, dispensing and minor ailment service) were produced and used as a teaching tool within a theoretical lesson in undergraduate and professional training. Methods: A prospective study was performed in two groups: undergraduate students and professional pharmacist. Their opinion about these Educational Videos was evaluated through a questionnaire on a 1-10 scale. Frequencies mean ± standard deviation, median and internal consistency of the survey were analyzed. Values of p

With the growth of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology and the automobile industry, various In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) services have been developed, in which users can exploit a variety of IVI devices, such as navigation systems, cameras, speakers, headrest displays and heated seats. A typical IVI system is based on the peer-to-peer model, in which the user will directly control each device. This tends to induce a large overhead and inconvenience to the user. To overcome the drawbacks of the peer-to-peer model, the centralized IVI (C-IVI) scheme was recently proposed in which an IVI master is employed to provide IVI services between users and devices. However, the centralized model gives lower performance, as the number of users and devices gets larger. To improve the performance of IVI services, in this paper, we propose an agent-based IVI (A-IVI) scheme. In the proposed A-IVI scheme, a new entity called &lsquo, agent&rsquo, is introduced, based on the C-IVI model. Each IVI agent will be used to manage a group of devices and also to perform the communication with the IVI master, on behalf of the concerned devices. The proposed scheme can be used to provide scalability and perform enhancement. The IVI agents are also helpful for supporting a variety of constrained IVI devices, such as speakers or cameras, which may usually have too low power to perform IoT communications. The proposed A-IVI scheme is implemented by using the IoT messaging protocols. For performance comparison with the existing schemes, we performed testbed experimentations. From the results, we see that the proposed A-IVI scheme can provide better performance than the existing IVI systems in terms of transmission delays, throughput and master&rsquo, s loads. It is expected that the proposed scheme may be used effectively for IVI systems with a large number of users/devices, as seen in public transportation, such as public trains or airplanes.

The aim of the article is to analyze the system of Higher Education in the USA. It reviews the kinds of educational institutions and types of education which they provide. The system of Higher education in the United States of America is made up of two levels or stages. The first level is undergraduate education and when students complete it they usually become Bachelors of Art or Bachelors of Science. The second level is called postgraduate education which is completed with acquiring Master or Ph.D. degrees. There are several types of higher educational institutions such as colleges, universities, 2-year community colleges, conservatories, art schools, military academies and others. To be admitted in each level of higher education students have to take some certain standardized tests and prove their ability to manage the educational program. The article describes the system of funding of the USA higher education. The educational institutions can be categorized into public, private and for-profit schools. Private and for-profit colleges and universities are the most expensive schools. Students pay for tuition, room and board with their own money. There is a system of educational loans, scholarships and grants which you can take or receive if you do not have enough of your own finance. Americans are willing to pay for the education of their children as well as their own. It has to do with their belief that education will enable them to achieve success and financial stability. Many Americans follow the lifelong learning for professional growth, new knowledge and skills.

LM 1893 (Carrier Current Transceiver) adalah IC (Integrated Circuit) yang dapat digunakan untuk komunikasi melalui jala-jala listrik atau PLC (Power Line Communication). Pada umumnya LM 1893 dipergunakan untuk mengirimkan data digital yang akan dimodulasi (di bagian pengirim) secara FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) oleh IC tersebut sebelum ditumpangkan ke tegangan sinusoidal jala-jala. Di bagian penerima, LM 1893 akan mendemodulasinya menjadi data digital kembali. Namun demikian, IC tersebut sebetulnya juga memiliki kemampuan untuk mengirimkan data analog yaitu wicara (voice) melalui modulasi dan demodulasi FM (Frequency Modulation). Makalah ini menggabungkan kedua kemampuan tersebut untuk mengirimkan suara melalui jala-jala secara selektif ke salah satu dari beberapa penyuara yang terhubung ke sistem. Setiap penyuara diberi alamat tertentu sehingga sistem dapat mengendalikan penyuara mana yang akan menyuarakan data suara yang dikirim. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat yang dibuat mampu mengirimkan data suara ke penyuara yang dipilih. Namun demikian kualitas suara yang sampai ke penerima masih kurang bagus antara lain akibat adanya derau pada tegangan jala-jala.

Using longitudinal data on university leaver cohorts in the period from 2006 to 2016, we investigate the impact of the Bologna reform on Swiss graduates’ returns to higher education. Drawing on the job market signaling model, we expect lower returns for graduates who enter the labor market with a bachelor’s degree. Moreover, we expect that the initial wage difference between bachelor and master graduates will become less volatile over time, since employers constantly update their beliefs about graduates’ employability. Controlling for selection into employment and a number of different signals sent by the graduates, we find a persistent advantage of a master’s over a bachelor’s degree. The new degrees, and especially a bachelor’s degree, did indeed serve as a noisy signal about graduates’ productivity in the first years of the Bologna process.

Biomimetic structures such as structural colors demand a fabrication technology of complex three-dimensional nanostructures on large areas. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is capable of large area replication of three-dimensional structures, but the master stamp fabrication is often a bottleneck. We have demonstrated different approaches allowing for the generation of sophisticated undercut T-shaped masters for NIL replication. With a layer-stack of phase transition material (PTM) on poly-Si, we have demonstrated the successful fabrication of a single layer undercut T-shaped structure. With a multilayer-stack of silicon oxide on silicon, we have shown the successful fabrication of a multilayer undercut T-shaped structures. For patterning optical lithography, electron beam lithography and nanoimprint lithography have been compared and have yielded structures from 10 µm down to 300 nm. The multilayer undercut T-shaped structures closely resemble the geometry of the surface of a Morpho butterfly, and may be used in future to replicate structural colors on artificial surfaces.

A variety of in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) devices and services have been developed by many vehicle vendors and software companies, which include navigation systems, cameras, speakers, headrest displays, and heating seat. However, there has not been enough research on how to effectively control and manage numerous IVI resources (devices and contents), so as to provide users with more enhanced services. This paper proposes a framework of resource control for IVI services so as to efficiently manage the IVI resources within an automobile. Differently from conventional IVI systems, in the proposed scheme, the IVI-Master is newly introduced for overall control of IVI resources, and IVI users are divided into owner and users. In addition, the IVI resources are classified as personal resources and shared resources, which are managed by the IVI-Master using the Lightweight Machine-to-Machine (LWM2M) standard. The proposed IoT-based IVI resource control scheme was implemented and tested. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme can be used to effectively manage IVI resources for users. Additionally, the proposed resource control scheme shows lower bandwidth usage than the existing scheme.

Background: Costs of health care are rising, we enter the era of multimorbidity and the patient experiences are more important. With the ageing of the population and increased medical and technical possibilities forecasts show that resources for health care are running out if we organise health care in the fragmented manner the way we used to. What could be a possible solution? One of the solutions is a paradigm shift from volume to value. To prepare the future health care professionals with knowledge and skills for this paradigm shift we develop a new master program course on PHM at the Leiden University Medical School Campus The Hague. We distinguish four kinds of activities in PHM that will be studied in the new master program. First: PHM can be seen as the scientific and practical endeavor to combine principles of clinical epidemiology, biostatistics and public health. Through enhanced data analysis we make predictive models for adverse outcomes. Based on individual risks on outcomes we identify subpopulations with a similar risk profile and offer proactively interventions to these subpopulations. The second part consists of choosing the right intervention. In PHM we distinguish two sets of interventions. First, interventions that address the experience of care of individuals in the population. Second, interventions that address the care gaps in relation to the best practices. Process redesign and panelmanagement are the best known interventions. The third part of PHM is on organization and governance: In order to implement this kind of health care in a population, new organizational entities request new forms of collaboration, governance and financing. The last part consists of the research methodology needed to analyse and evaluate the process and outcomes of this interdisciplinary approach. Through a combination of online education and intensive classroom weeks in the city of The Hague this master program will be eligible for graduates and post graduates from all around the world. Aims/objectives: In this workshop we would like to discuss with the participants: - The content of this new master program. - Various employment possibilities - Collaboration opportunities with other educational and research initiatives. Format: During this workshop we start with a brief introduction of about 20 minutes explaining the background and curriculum of this master program. In 2 rounds of 20 minutes, we discuss in small groups the content of this program. Participants are asked to value the various parts and come up with suggestions for the various topics. Subsequently, in 2 rounds of 20 minutes we discuss the potential collaboration with future employers the collaboration opportunities with other initiatives. Learnings: After this workshop participants have an understanding of this new master program and the collaboration possibilities for future employers and educational institutions.

In this paper, we will describe the Cursus Master en Ingénierie (CMI) program, as well as the Formation à l’InGénierie par des Universités de REcherche (FIGURE) university network, and analyze its development and place in the French higher education context. Overseen by the FIGURE university network since 2012, CMI is a 5-year academic program designed for the most ambitious students in systems engineering. In the fall of 2017, 107 CMI programs recruited first-year students in 28 French universities. Key features of the frame of reference established by the FIGURE network are selection of students based on high school records and interviews, strong link with research from the beginning, 20% additional coursework compared to the supporting bachelors and masters, at least 25% of ECTS credits in applied learning situations, development of self-assessment skills and a compulsory international mobility. Accreditation of the university is granted by the network for 5 years. After completing a CMI program the students receive a master's degree from their home university and a national certificate co-delivered by the university and the network.

This paper reports a facile method to prepare a textured surface with combined micron- and nano-scale surface features, which is used as master for nano-imprinting process to obtain transparent front electrodes in thin-film silicon tandem cells. The micron- and nano-scale surface features of the master are formed by combination of SiO2 sphere pre-deposition and ZnO textured growth. The master exhibits an averaged total transmittance value of 89.7% and an averaged haze value of 54.1% for the wavelength from 380 to 1100 urn. Comparing to the flat reference cell, the thin-film Si tandem cell deposited on the superstrate prepared using this master shows substantial decrease in reflectance at long wavelengths and drastic gain in the photocurrent of the bottom cell, the maximum summed current is enhanced by 35.5%, and the convert efficiency is improved from 8% to 10.0 +/- 0.3%. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND Pituitary gland is known as the “Master Gland” of the body as it controls majority of the endocrine glands of the body. Embryologically, they are formed by two parts. There are two types of malignancies encountered namely adenomas and carcinomas. Vast majority of the neoplasms located in the sella turcica are benign pituitary adenomas derived from adenohypophyseal cells. The aim is to study the pituitary malignancies. METHODS The sample size included 100 cases of intra-cranial neoplasms that turned in the Department of Medicine in KVG Medical College, Sullia and different local private hospitals of Sullia and Mangalore. RESULTS Pituitary tumours comprised 6(6%) of all the tumour studies. They occurred maximally in the age above 14 years. Tumours showed a male predominance. All the tumours were located in pituitary fossa. Principal presenting complaint was visual disturbance. Microscopically, the tumour was composed of small polyhedral to round cells with a uniform darkly staining round nucleus and scant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The cells formed papillary structures or were arranged in a trabecular pattern. CONCLUSION There is a male predominance in this study and the percentage of cases was found to be less in this region of Karnataka

We aimed to introduce geoscience to a group of primary and secondary teachers without previous knowledge of the subject, since this branch of science has only recently been included in the science basic program. While all students had completed university education, none had any geoscience background, thus the course was designed at a basic level. Contents and activities were carefully selected to provide a good introduction to geosciences giving the students the basic concepts and letting them apply new knowledge within a problem based strategy. Since the students of the module work full time, the master was designed in a blended format providing flexibility of work hours. The blended model also helped students from the wide geographical region interact and form long lasting collaborations. Students reported that collaborative learning was necessary and key to their learning process. They also stated that the contents of the course were sufficient, clear, organized and interesting. We view the module as a success since all students reported enjoying the module and building novel knowledge in the field of geosciences. Additionally since the students are in turn teachers we were very happy to learn some of them will implement geosciences in their activities in the future.

Interior architecture education includes undergraduate and post-graduate programs under different units. There are pre-design and after-design periods in interior architecture. Interior architect takes part in the team that achieve periods from the first stages of space design to the completion of the application, presents contemporary, genuine and innovative solutions for space design. Accomplishing livable spaces for each developing user of today is the responsibility of the interior architect. The question of where the mission of interior architect starts and where his/her responsibility ends is quite significant for the success of education. Education in this field, in which the aim is bringing genuine designer identity for interior architect candidates, is a whole of courses, workshops, projects, sketches, seminars, site trips, other related works and graduation project. Interior architecture education has some differences from preliminary periods until today. The initial institutions that forms the beginning of interior architecture education in Turkey are State Academy of Fine Arts and Collage of Applied Fine Arts. These two institutions constituting the base of interior architecture education have a crucial significance. During historical periods, different undergraduate and post graduate programs were generated special for the interior architecture institutions’ structure and features that continuing the existence of space design tradition. Degrees of certificates are diverse in interior architecture field as well. Post graduate programs have an essential role in periods of raising academicians. These programs should have flexible structures in terms of specialization areas for contribution to academic and scientific development. Interior architecture programs consists of scientific and artistic works, current tendencies, innovative approaches for the future and areas that forms the memory of the profession in the frame of inter-disciplinary educational approach. Formation of the programs are based on sustainability of corporate identity, and innovative approaches are developed for art and design issues due to contemporary understanding. In the frame of this approach, it is aimed to raise professionals who able to think analytically for the future by following current, technical and technological developments, able to use necessities of the profession in the concept of today's circumstances and opportunities, able to harmonize our features of essential corporate identity with the knowledge of other science areas, in addition to traditional interior architecture education. Programs foresee the embracement of an inter-disciplinary approach due to the nature of interior architecture professions and aims to expertise on analytical thinking in science and art intersection. In this study, interior architecture education in Turkey is examined in detail during historical periods, importance of undergraduate and post graduate programs and diversities in education system for different programs are addressed for the contribution of academic and scientific developments in this area.

The article shows the main results of the study of the current state of the system of masters training in information technology in higher education institutions, including the analysis of interim educational and vocational programs of specialist and master of training direction "Software Engineering" (branch of knowledge 0501 "Informatics and Computer Science") and the "Informatics" ("System Sciences and Cybernetics") and curricula of appropriate specialties in terms of the presence the disciplines most suitable for the formation of psycho-pedagogical competence of future engineers programmers. In particular the dynamics of methods, forms and technologies of education are examined; the certain areas of teaching IT professionals at universities and IT companies are highlighted. The attention is brought to the existence of certain contradictions in the system for masters training in information technologies and the need to attract highly qualified specialists- practitioners in condutcing the classes in Master System, the need for flexibility in the learning process.

The work team of the Postgraduate Studies Centre (henceforth CEDEP) of Pablo de Olavide University (henceforth UPO) has submitted a questionnaire in order to identify the training needs of the directors of the master’s degrees which are implemented in The UPO during the academic year 2016/2017. This article aims to analyze how the lessons are planned and how the acquisition of the competencies defined in each master’s degree are achieved, in order to assess the current situation and propose solutions for university quality improvement. This research presents a mixed design: quantitative and qualitative non-experimental descriptive through a questionnaire. Further to the study analysis conducted, the need to create a manual of recommended practice to arrange curricula by competencies at the master level is presented, as 62.16% of the participants reflect a great lack of knowledge about the theoretical description of the competencies classification and 73% support a complementary material need for the design of the curriculum. El equipo de trabajo del Centro de Estudios de Postgrado (en adelante, CEDEP) de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (en adelante, UPO) ha planteado un cuestionario con la intención de detectar las necesidades formativas por parte de los responsables de los másteres implantados en la UPO en el curso académico 2016/2017. Este artículo pretende analizar cómo se planifican las enseñanzas y se garantiza la adquisición de las competencias definidas en cada máster, con objeto de partir de la realidad actual y plantear soluciones para la mejora universitaria. La investigación presenta un diseño mixto: cuantitativo y cualitativo no experimental descriptivo mediante un cuestionario. Tras el análisis del estudio, se expone la necesidad de crear un manual de recomendaciones para estructurar planes de estudios por competencias a nivel de máster, ya que un 62,16% de los participantes reflejan un gran desconocimiento en cuanto a la descripción teórica de la clasificación de las competencias y el 73% avalan la necesidad de un material complementario para el diseño de los planes de estudios.

[EN] With the EHEA, each university has developed varied specialization strategies (graduate and post- graduate) and lifelong learning. In this last decade, the followed paths by each discipline area have not always been converging, either.To be able to deepen, this article presents the main results obtained in the formation of post-graduate / Master’s degree in Social Work in The Public University of Navarre for being the first university in setting it in motion and being the one which prompted its introduction in Higher Education in Spain. For it, quantitative information provided by the previously mentioned university post-graduate section- has been gathered about students. Likewise, intern satisfaction surveys about the Master’s degree have been analysed and, in the case of professors, the reports and self reports submitted on ANECA request.The outcomes point out this Master’s degree is an ideal tool for a bigger efficient employment of its graduates, above all, for the flexibility of the academic offer, the specialization options and the socio-political acknowledgement. In its trajectory, it has reached and maintained a high formative quality level to carry out the realisation of investigation, academic and professional tasks.The obtained results set an example of an adequate interrelation of contents and teaching strategies interested in responding to the challenges of a complex socio-economic context with professional profiles with a high specialization degree and with ability to deal with a more diverse and multidimensional theorical and practical body., [ES] Con el EEES, cada universidad ha desarrollado diversas estrategias de especialización (grados y posgrados) y de lifelong learning. En esta última década, las trayectorias seguidas por cada ámbito disciplinar tampoco han sido siempre confluyentes. Para poder profundizar, este artículo presenta los principales resultados alcanzados en la formación de posgrado/máster en Trabajo Social en la Universidad Pública de Navarra por ser la primera universidad en ponerlo en marcha y ser la que impulsó su introducción en la Educación Superior en España. Para ello, se ha recopilado la información cuantitativa facilitada por la sección de posgrado de la citada Universidad sobre el alumnado. Asimismo, se han analizado las encuestas internas de satisfacción del máster y, en el caso de docentes, los informes y autoinformes elaborados por petición de la ANECA (Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación).Los resultados apuntan a que este máster es un instrumento idóneo para una mayor empleabilidad eficiente de sus egresados, sobre todo, por la flexibilidad de la oferta académica, las opciones de especialización y el reconocimiento socio-político. En su trayectoria ha alcanzado y mantenido un alto nivel de calidad formativa para el desempeño de labores investigadoras, académicas y/o profesionales.Los resultados obtenidos ejemplifican una adecuada interrelación de los contenidos y estrategias didácticas con el interés por dar respuestas a los retos de un contexto socioeconómico complejo con perfiles profesionales con un alto grado de especialización y con capacidad para manejar un cuerpo teórico y práctico más diverso y multidimensional.

Time delay reduces opportunities of teleoperations. This problem is even more expressed if the time delay is variable, as in Internet-based teleoperations. One way to solve this problem is to use wave variables. Thereby, the energy variables, velocity and power are transformed into wave variables and communication is done through the waves. The use of wave variables ensures the passivity of the communication channel, and if the remote system is stable, then the bilateral teleoperator is stable. Because of variable delays on the Internet, all the information cannot be preserved and this may result in position error, which requires correction of position error. For communication established over the Internet is used UDP protocol. Bilateral teleoperator with wave variables is formed in the programming language MATLAB@SIMULINK and using the Real-Time Toolbox translated to work in real time. Experimental results in the network show the efficiency of implementation such solutions on teleoperations over the internet.

This paper will deal with the main changes that have taken place in the field of master study programs in education and the impact of new technologies. The impact of new technologies in Macedonia has recently multiplied. Distance learning represents an opportunity to improve quality and attract students by connecting them with joint programs with highly-ranked universities in terms of quality assurance. But, the crucial point of the treatment of this issue is the clash between the traditional ways of work and new technological systems. This is not about a transition but a conflict of principles and methods in developing the work with students Through different projects in Macedonia, the participating institutions have been provided with visual technologies, literature and trainings. But, the crucial issue is whether master study programs are in accordance with these innovations. Is there any resistance by the old generation professors who quite often call these new forms as mechanic learning and memorizing? How do they find themselves among their young colleagues that can very easily utilize visual technologies Through statistical data analyses of study programs, we will present the findings and the challenges that we are facing in terms of master programs in Macedonia and the innovations in this field. These results will help us understand how educational innovations and technologies provide opportunities for students and teachers to increase flexibility by inciting cooperation, knowledge transfer and good evaluation strategies. We will also see how advanced the learning opportunities are and how well they meet the requirements of today's information technology society.

The CO 2 Capture Project’s (CCP) Phase 2 program made significant progress addressing issues to facilitate assurance of the safety and security of geological storage of CO 2 . This work included stakeholder assurance of CO 2 storage in unmineable coal beds. Simulation studies of CO 2 injection into coal beds were designed to identify operating conditions that will minimize leakage of CO 2 and maximize production of methane. Geophysical models were used to simulate gravity and electromagnetic responses from coal beds containing CO 2 . Hyperspectral remote sensing was evaluated for its ability to detect leakage of CO 2 and CH 4 to the surface.

[EN] The Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV) has considered the development and assessment of generic competences in the curricula of its undergraduate and graduate degrees. Specifically, thirteen generic competences have been defined and introduced within all the curricula. These generic competences are to be assessed within the specific activities developed through the courses. For that purpose, the UPV has designed an institutional project called "UPV transversal competences" in order to guide the general implementation of the generic competencies in the degrees. This paper emerges from the work developed within a specific educational project designed in coherence with the institutional UPV project that studies the "analysis and problem solving" competence in master degree. Instructors have experience in the assessment and development of specific competences but, most of them, still need tools that aid to assess the degree of development of generic competences due to its novelty in the curricula. In order to fill this gap, this paper presents a structured methodology to design and develop assessment procedures and instruments of the "analysis and problem solving" generic competence. This methodology has been applied during the academic year 2015-2016 to assess the "analysis and problem solving" competence in the "Technologies and Software Applications for Supply Chain Management" course which belongs to the Master in Advanced Engineering Production, Logistics and Supply Chain at the Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering. This paper discusses main results and conclusions obtained from the application. These results are of two types: results of the assessment of the specific competence in the course and results of the questionnaire passed to the students to know their point of view regarding the whole experience., This work has been developed within the research project called "Assessment of UPV generic competence "problem analysis and resolution" in master students" (Ref.: PIME-A7-15) funded by the Vice-Rectorate for Studies, Quality and Accreditation at Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.

Participation and performance trends for age group marathoners have been investigated for large city marathons such as the 'New York City Marathon' but not for mountain marathons. This study investigated participation and trends in performance and sex difference in the mountain marathon 'Jungfrau Marathon' held in Switzerland from 2000 to 2014 using single and mixed effects regression analyses. Results were compared to a city marathon (Lausanne Marathon) also held in Switzerland during the same period. Sex difference was calculated using the equation ([race time in women] - [race time in men]/[race time in men] × 100). Changes in sex differences across calendar years and were investigated using linear regression models. In 'Jungfrau Marathon', participation in all female and male age groups increased with exception of women in age groups 18-24 and men in age groups 30-34, 40-44 and 60-64 years where participation remained unchanged. In 'Lausanne Marathon', participation increased in women in age groups 30-34 to 40-44 years. In men, participation increased in age groups 25-29 to 44-44 years and 50-54 years. In 'Jungfrau Marathon' runners became slower across years in age groups 18-24 to 70-74 years. In 'Lausanne Marathon', runners became slower across years in age groups 18-24 and 30-34 to 65-69 years, but not for 25-29, 70-74 and 75-79 years. In 'Jungfrau Marathon', sex difference increased in age groups 25-29 (from 4 to 10 %) and 60-64 years (from 3 to 8 %) but decreased in age group 40-44 years (from 12 to 6 %). In 'Lausanne Marathon', the sex difference showed no changes. In summary, participation increased in most female and male age groups but performance decreased in most age groups for both the mountain marathon 'Jungfrau Marathon' and the city marathon 'Lausanne Marathon'. The sex differences were lower in the 'Jungfrau Marathon' (~6-7 %) compared to the 'Lausanne Marathon' where the sex difference was ~10-12 % from age groups 18-24 to 55-59 years. These unexpected findings might be a typical Swiss phenomenon. Future studies need to investigate whether this trend can also be found in other endurance sports events held in Switzerland and other mountain marathons held in other countries.

En el curso 2014-2015 se ha impartido por vez primera el “Máster en Ciencia de Datos e Ingeniería de Computadores” en la Universidad de Granada. Este máster surge de la unión de los anteriores “Máster en Soft Computing y Sistemas Inteligentes” y “Máster en Ingeniería de Computadores y Redes”, renovando completamente sus contenidos y ofreciendo una oportunidad de asociación entre varios grupos de investigación con un enorme potencial en el ámbito de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones (TIC). Este máster proporciona al estudiante la oportunidad de formarse profesionalmente en campos con una gran demanda de personal cualificado y de enorme interés social, tales como el análisis de grandes cantidades de datos (big data) o el desarrollo de sistemas de propósito específico y plataformas de computación de altas prestaciones., The Master ’s Degree in Data Science and Computer Engineering has been taught at the University of Granada for the first time during academic year 2014-2015. This master comes from the combination of former masters in Soft Computing and Computer Engineering, but it completely renovates its contents and it provid es an opportunity for partnership and collaboration between several research groups with a great potential in the field of Information Technology and Communications (ICT). The proposed Master ’s Degree trains students as researchers in areas with a high demand for qualified staff and huge social interest, such as the analysis of large amounts of data (big data) or the development of embedded systems and platforms for high-performance computing., Universidad de Granada: Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de Computadores; Vicerrectorado para la Garantía de la Calidad.

The article describes the educational system in the Faculty of Transportation Sciences at Czech Technical University in Prague. The university education is structured according to European standards. There are three levels of education: bachelor's degree programme, master's degree programme and doctoral degree programme. The article offers profiles of the graduates from all the majors of the Department of Air Transport. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010

The application of robotics in gastrointestinal endoscopy is a much anticipated technological advancement that is attracting an enormous amount of interest from innovators and end-users alike. Emerging robotics-enhanced endoscopy platforms for performance of various endoscopic interventional procedures are already in development and some are expected to be in the pipeline for commercialization in another few years’ time. In particular, the Master And Slave Transluminal Endoscopic Robot (MASTER) developed by a collaboration between the National University of Singapore and the Nanyang Technological University, Singapore is already in human trials for an endoluminal procedure, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The results on trials performed on five patients with early gastric neoplasia have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of using the system for such procedure, while also shortening the procedure time. This article will highlight the advantages of robotics innovations in gastrointestinal endoscopy, with the MASTER as an example, and explore some of the many possibilities for future applications of robotics-enhanced endoscopy.

[EN] Nowadays, universities are finding they have more and more competition regarding postgraduate programs. As educational institutions increase the offer, the need for them to improve their knowledge about the postgraduate market becomes more evident due to the lack of existing research and scarce literature about the topic. All this will help the educational institutions to develop suitable competitive strategies in order to attract postgraduate students' talent, thus distinguishing the institutions from the competition. This proactive orientation towards the market wills, like in many other markets, end up confiding in those programs which have successful marketing and allow for innovation and differentiation. At the same time, many authors relate this proactive orientation towards the market to co-creation. More specifically in the education sector, co-creation has been researched very little and has always been focused on the undergraduate student, not postgraduate. Lastly, the consequences of the postgraduate students' participation in these co-creation processes concerning satisfaction and loyalty is something that has not been studied either. This first quantitative study has led to a validation of the proposed model which allows us to affirm that, independent of the results obtained in the co-creation process, the student involvement in it, will result in greater satisfaction and loyalty towards the institution. For this reason co-creation can help the educational institutions to develop competitive differentiating strategies which will generate not only a greater satisfaction for the student but also the possibility of achieving differentiation thanks to the resulting innovation. After this first quantitative study, a second study was carried out in a Business to Business context by sending a professional from the company to the educational institution. In this study an attempt was made to measure the consequences of co-creation in student satisfaction, strength of the relation and student loyalty. This new structural equation model (SEM) has more variables and relations than the former one, introducing the strength of the relation. In addition, the study is centered on adult students who in this case are professionals sent by their companies to study a master program, Business to Business as opposed to Business to Consumer from the former study. The conclusions of the study are that the co-creation where the adult student participates in the process takes them to higher levels of satisfaction and greater loyalty towards the educational institution. At the same time, our research shows that the strength of the relation is positively influenced by the process of creation of value. In this case, the research has only validated part of the model. Therefore, this last part of our research again reaffirms the idea that co-creation can be a beneficial tool for universities in order to develop competitive strategies which generate more value for their clients and which also makes it difficult for the competition to imitate. Finally it should be pointed out that the results of this research facilitate the implementation of a co-creation process between universities and postgraduate students as well as the possible areas of its application within the purchase process and choosing a master program. On the other hand, it has also been demonstrated that independent of the results of this process, co-creation itself leads to higher rates of satisfaction, an improvement in the strength of the relation and more student loyalty towards the institution., [ES] En la actualidad, las universidades se encuentran con una competencia cada vez mayor en lo que se refiere a sus programas de posgrado. A la vez que se incrementa la oferta por parte de las instituciones educativas, impera la necesidad por parte de las universidades de mejorar su conocimiento sobre el mercado de posgrado, debido a la falta de investigación existente con una literatura sobre marketing escasa. Todo ello, ayudará a las instituciones educativas a desarrollar estrategias competitivas adecuadas para lograr atraer el talento de los estudiantes de posgrado diferenciándose de la competencia.Esta orientación proactiva el mercado, pasará, como en otros muchos mercados, por apostar por políticas de marketing de éxito, que permitan en un sentido o en otro, innovar y diferenciarse. Al mismo tiempo, son muchos los autores que relacionan esa orientación proactiva al mercado, con la co-creation. En el caso específico del sector educativo, la co-creation se ha estudiado poco y siempre desde una perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios, no de posgrado. Por último, las consecuencias en el alumno de posgrado de participar en estos procesos de co-creation desde el punto de vista de los efectos en su satisfacción y lealtad, es algo que tampoco se ha estudiado. Este primer estudio cuantitativo ha supuesto una validación del modelo propuesto, por lo que se puede afirmar, que con independencia de los resultados obtenidos en el proceso de co-creation, el propio proceso de involucración del alumno en ello, redundará en una mayor satisfacción y lealtad hacia la institución. Por todo ello, la co-creation puede facilitar que las instituciones educativas desarrollen estrategias competitivas diferenciadoras que generarán tanto una mayor satisfacción para el estudiante como la posibilidad de lograr diferenciación gracias la innovación que surja del mismo. Con posterioridad a este primer estudio cuantitativo, se realiza un segundo estudio si bien desde un contexto Business to Business al pretender medir las consecuencias de la co-creation en la satisfacción, fortaleza de la relación y lealtad del estudiante, en este caso profesional enviado por la empresa, hacia la institución educativa. Este nuevo modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) es más amplio en variables y relaciones que el anterior, introduciendo la fortaleza de la relación. Además se centra en estudiantes adultos que en este caso son profesionales enviados por sus empresas a realizar el programa master, vertiente Business to Business frente a Business to Consumer del anterior Las conclusiones del estudio son que la co-creation donde el estudiante adulto participa en el proceso, lleva a niveles más altos de satisfacción y a una mayor lealtad hacia la institución educativa. Al mismo tiempo, nuestra investigación muestra, que la fortaleza en la relación, está influenciada positivamente por este proceso de creación de valor si bien no media entre la co-creation y la lealtad. En este caso, la investigación sólo ha validado parte del modelo. Así, esta parte última de nuestra investigación vuelve a ser una reafirmación de la idea de que la co-creation puede ser, en sí misma, una herramienta beneficiosa para las universidades para desarrollar estrategias competitivas que generen más valor para sus clientes y que también sea difícil de imitar por la competencia Finalmente señalar que los resultados de este trabajo facilitan la implementación de un proceso de co-creation entre universidades y estudiante de posgrado así como las posibles áreas de aplicación de la misma dentro del proceso de compra y elección de un programa master. Por otra parte, también se ha demostrado, que con independencia de los resultados de este proceso, la co-creación en si misma resulta en mayores tasas de satisfacción, mejora en la fortaleza en la relación y mayor lealtad hacia la institución por parte del alumno., [CAT] Actualment, les universitats es troben amb una competència cada vegada més gran pel que fa als seus programes de postgrau. Alhora que s'incrementa l'oferta per part de les institucions educatives, impera la necessitat per part de les universitats de millorar el seu coneixement sobre el mercat de postgrau, a causa de la falta d'investigació existent amb una literatura sobre màrqueting escassa. Tot això, ajudarà a les institucions educatives a desenvolupar estratègies competitives adequades per aconseguir atreure el talent dels estudiants de postgrau diferenciant-se de la competència.Aquesta orientació proactiva el mercat, passarà, com en molts altres mercats, per apostar per polítiques de màrqueting de éxitoexitosas, que permetin en un sentit o en un altre, innovar i diferenciar-se. Alhora, són molts els autors que relacionen aquesta orientació proactiva al mercat, amb la co-creation. En el cas específic del sector educatiu, la co-creation s'ha estudiat poc i sempre des d'una perspectiva d'estudiants universitaris, no de postgrau. Finalment, les conseqüències en l'alumne de postgrau de participar en aquests processos de co-creation des del punt de vista dels efectes en la seva satisfacció i lleialtat, és una cosa que tampoc s'ha estudiat.Aquest primer estudi quantitatiu ha suposat una validació del model proposat, de manera que es pot afirmar, que amb independència dels resultats obtinguts en el procés de co-creation, el mateix procés d'involucració de l'alumne en això, redundarà en una major satisfacció i lleialtat cap a la institució. Per tot això, la co-creation pot facilitar que les institucions educatives desenvolupin estratègies competitives diferenciadores que generaran tant una major satisfacció per a l'estudiant com la possibilitat d'aconseguir diferenciació gràcies la innovació que sorgeixi de ell mateix.Amb posterioritat a aquest primer estudi quantitatiu, es realitza un segon estudi si bé des d'un context Business to Business en pretendre mesurar les conseqüències de la co-creation a la satisfacció, fortalesa de la relació i lleialtat de l'estudiant, en aquest cas professional enviat per l'empresa, cap a la institució educativa. Aquest nou model d'equacions estructurals (SEM) és més ampli en variables i relacions que l'anterior, introduint la fortalesa de la relació. A més se centra en estudiants adults que en aquest cas són professionals enviats per les seves empreses a realitzar el programa màster, vessant Business to Business davant Business to Consumer l'anteriorLes conclusions de l'estudi són que la co-creation on l'estudiant adult participa en el procés, porta a nivells més alts de satisfacció ia una major lleialtat cap a la institució educativa. Alhora, la nostra investigació mostra, que la fortalesa en la relació, està influenciada positivament per aquest procés de creació de valor si bé no hi ha entre la co-creation i la lleialtat. En aquest cas, la investigació només ha validat part del model. Així, aquesta part última de la nostra recerca torna a ser una reafirmació de la idea que la co-creation pot ser, en si mateixes, una eina beneficiosa per a les universitats per desenvolupar estratègies competitives que generin més valor per als seus clients i que també sigui difícil d'imitar per la competènciaFinalment assenyalar que els resultats d'aquest treball faciliten la implementació d'un procés de co-creation entre universitats i estudiant de postgrau així com les possibles àrees d'aplicació de la mateixa dins del procés de compra i elecció d'un programa màster. D'altra banda, també s'ha demostrat, que amb independència dels resultats d'aquest procés, la co-creació en si mateixa resulta en majors taxes de satisfacció, millora en la fortalesa en la relació i major lleialtat cap a la institució per part de l'alumne ., Peralt Rillo, A. (2015). Co-creation innovation for business programs for educational institutions [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. doi:10.4995/Thesis/10251/51462., TESIS

Currently, the general public requires devices getting faster and great performance, that is, devices ensuring a better quality of service. One way to achieve these goals is through the use of devices supported by the mobile com-puting with tools to help the search for information. Bluetooth technology is an open standard for wireless communication allowing the transmission of data and information between electronic devices within walking distance, with minimum resource expenditures, safe and rapid transition of data. So, the Bluetooth tech-nology was initially designed to support simple network devices and personal devices such as mobile phones, PDAs and computers, but quickly it were discov-ered other applications in several areas. In this article, it will be performed a lit-erature review on the topic, with the goal to understand how the Bluetooth tech-nology can benefit increases in the Quality of Service and the presentation of some actual and potential biomedical applications., (undefined)

The article addresses the strategic role of workforce preparation in the process of adoption of Systems Medicine as a driver of biomedical research in the new health paradigm. It reports on relevant initiatives, like CASyM, fostering Systems Medicine at EU level. The chapter focuses on the BioHealth Computing Program as a reference for multidisciplinary training of future systems-oriented researchers describing the productive interactions with the Synergy-COPD project.

The phenomenon of universality in an architect’s creative work is examined in the article. Syncretism in artistic expression is characteristic for architects from the earliest cultures up to the present times. Nevertheless, the concept of the Master, which had a meaning of syncretic creator not only in the Renaissance, but also earlier, has radically changed due to the processes of fragmentation and specialization in contemporary society. A deeper research in the topic and its actualization is required in order to emphasize the importance of universality in an architect’s activities, not only in the process of formation of artistic and architectural objects, but also in other contextual issues. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas universalumo architekto meninėje veikloje fenomenas. Sinkretiška kūrybinė veikla būdinga įvairių laikotarpių architektams nuo seniausiųjų civilizacijų kultūrų iki šių dienų. Vis dėlto meistro sąvoka, kuri ne tik Renesanso, bet ir ankstesniais laikotarpiais turėjo sinkretiško kūrėjo reikšmę, kinta ir siaurėja specializacijos ir fragmentacijos reiškinių skaidomoje visuomenėje. Nuodugniau tirti šią temą ir aktualizuoti reikia norint pabrėžti ir atkreipti dėmesį į sin­kretiškumo architekto veikloje svarbą ne tik formuojant architektūros ar meno objektus, bet ir įprasminant platesnes aktualijas. Paradoksalu, bet dėmesys šio archajinės raiškos tipo kūrėjams galėtų būti veiksminga priemonė, padedanti išryškinti plačios erudicijos architekto paveikslą, atskleisti jo atsakomybei priklausančias problemas– kontekstualų požiūrį į dizaino, architektūros, urbanistikos plėtotę, gilinimąsi į kultūrinių, politinių ir ekonominių reiškinių priežastis, į jautrų jų ir žmogaus materialios aplinkos santykį bei šio santykio pasekmes. Reikšminiai žodžiai:sinkretiškumas, universali kūryba, menų sąveika, meistras, kūrėjas, Renesanso žmogus, tarpdisciplininis kūrybiškumas, meistrų kūrėjų tradicija, fragmentacija, specializacija.

This paper analyse the participation - based model on board the ship as possibly optimal leadership model existing in the shipping industry with accent on decision - making process. In the paper authors have tried to define master’s behaviour model and management style identifying drawbacks and disadvantages of vertical, pyramidal organization with master on the top. Paper describes efficiency of decision making within team organization and optimization of a ship’s organisation by introducing teamwork on board the ship. Three examples of the ship’s accidents are studied and evaluated through “Leader - participation” model. The model of participation based management as a model of the teamwork has been applied in studying the cause - and - effect of accidents with the critical review of the communication and managing the human resources on a ship. The results have showed that the cause of all three accidents is the autocratic behaviour of the leaders and lack of communication within teams.

This article attempts to present a reading of Ulitskaya’s novel as a metatext of world culture, as an encrypted message through which the author inveigles “a shrewd reader” into the guessing of discourses (from ancient mythology to works of social realism and postmodernism) in order to detect traces of the initial scenarios proposed to humanity by the Creator. The conceptual basis of the work was the myth of Sophia Wisdom Divine, an artist painting the primary blueprint of the universe and inviting other artists to co-create (the muse and the artist). Ulitskaya’s Sophiology is based on the ideas of the Russian modernists, e.g., Soloviev and Block.The Greek story of Medea—the daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis and wife of Jason, who headed the expedition of the Argonauts—provides the basic structure of the novel. This myth is one of the most popular in the world among artists. Its interpretive options (from Euripides and Ovid to Anouilh, Pasolini and Petrushevskaya) are evidence for the unity of the text of culture. The novel, then—the ironical statement of the author to enter into the circle of the elect, the family of Medea, whose image is highlighted by signs of Sofia—is the embodiment of style. Medea’s manor is “the navel of the earth” in which the outlines of the Masons are traced; here, time and space, living and dead, sinners and saints converge. The earth itself is read like a book.All the characters are divided into puppets—unable to understand the hidden meaning of the text—and directors/demiurges—artists, musicians, and doctors who write the history of dolls. The typology of female images is constructed on the gender stereotypes of the fin de siècle era: the woman as a sexual object (Gypsy, wanton); femme fatale/vamp (Amazonian, Salomé); and the romantic lover and muse (Madonna, the eternal feminine). The functions of the male characters are associated with Orpheus, Perseus, Pygmalion, and Ulysses, who perform their feats in the name of Beauty. The mission of the reader is to pass the initiation of the plot and guess all its variations with the power of letters resembling dragon’s teeth, to detect in these traces of meaning the “Golden Fleece,” much as Medea who led Jason to such a purpose.

Author(s): Shishido, David Christopher | Abstract: More than a nineteenth-century Gothic monster story, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein provides much fertile ground for the exposition of the text with contemporary philosophic inquiry. Utilizing such philosophic analysis, some scholars assert that the critical moment in the text occurs in Victor Frankenstein's refusal to grant the monster's demand for a mate, which commences a downward trajectory in the text that culminates in a textual failure to achieve any elevated moment. By analyzing Frankenstein using the master-slave dialectic from Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, I argue that the critical moment occurs, instead, in the development of the conclusion of the text where both Victor Frankenstein and the monster face their demise, and that throughout the text there is an upward trajectory all the way to the text's conclusion, where Frankenstein takes Hegel's master-slave dialectic to its zenith, or telos.

This article presents the results of a self-assessment of the Master of Nursing Science, part of the Graduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing. 5 students participated, 7 graduates, 5 teachers, 6 members of the Graduate Program Committee, 1 administrative assistant, and 8 employers (Mexico Hospital, Hospital Tony Facio Limón, Cartago Hospital, Hospital San Juan de Dios, CENARE Institute National Insurance, the School of Nursing at the University of Costa Rica and the College of Nurses). The objective was to determine the functioning of the academic expertise of Science in Nursing and the impact on the profession to develop strategies to improve the training of researchers (as) in the discipline. The implemented design is suggested by the system of Graduate Studies at the University of Costa Rica which consists of stages, components and patterns. Established three phases: 1. Awareness of the process 2. Development, validation and application of tools and techniques for data collection, 3. Processing and analysis. As a result it was observed that there were significant discordant elements in the different components (students, curriculum, graduates, employers, research, academic management, design, and political feasibility) that influence the success of the master and can be addressed from a position politics and logistics of the Graduate Program. We conclude that the construction of theoretical and methodological approach outlined in the curriculum plan is consistency and coherence between the training it offers and the academic and professional profile, however in thedevelopment of a master is internal and external factors that influence their success or failure and undermine the logic of an educational plan. Este artículo presenta los resultados de la evaluación de la Maestría en Ciencias de la Enfermería, la cual pertenece al Programa de Posgrado en Enfermería de la Escuela de Enfermería. Participaron 5 estudiantes, 7 egresados, 5 profesores, 6 miembros de la Comisión del Programa de Posgrado, 1 asistente administrativa, y 8 empleadores (Hospital México, Hospital Tony Facio de Limón, Hospital de Cartago, Hospital San Juan de Dios, CENARE, Instituto Nacional de Seguros, la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Costa Rica y el Colegio de Enfermeras). El objetivo fue determinar el funcionamiento de la maestría académica en Ciencias de la Enfermería y su impacto en la profesión para elaborar estrategias que mejoren la formación de investigadores (as) en la disciplina. El diseño implementado es el sugerido por el sistema de Estudios de Posgrado de la Universidad de Costa Rica el cual consta de etapas, componentes y pautas. Se establecieron tres etapas: 1. Sensibilización del proceso, 2. Elaboración, validación y aplicación de instrumentos y técnicas para la recolección de los datos, 3. Procesamiento y análisis de información. Como resultado relevante se observó que existen elementos discordantes en los diferentes componentes (estudiantes, plan de estudios, graduados, empleadores, investigación, gestión académica, proyección, viabilidad política) que influyen en el éxito de la maestría y que pueden ser resueltos desde una posición política y logística desde el Programa de Posgrado. Se concluye que la construcción del enfoque teórico metodológico expuesto en el plan curricular tiene congruencia y coherencia entre la formación que propone y el perfil académico y profesional, no obstante, en el desarrollo de una maestría hay factores internos y externos que influyen en su éxito o fracaso y debilitan la lógica de un plan educativo.

This paper presents a discussion of design considerations for community web portals as social networking systems. We analyse and compare the social interaction approach, design considerations and socio-technical requirements with regards to community portal technology employed in two master-planned urban developments in Australia and Mexico. We focus on how the human and social concepts and local contextualisations affect technology design and use. In response to our analysis, and to face the challenge of designing for variability and diversity, we present the communicative ecology model as a conceptual tool to help researchers and designers grasp the situated context and purpose of these systems in order to inform the design and development of better community technology.

Materials and methods 1775 elite level rowers from 70 different countries participating at the 2007 Junior, Senior and Master World Rowing Championships were included in a survey on rowing-specific 4-page questionnaire related to potential injuries and data were compared to data obtained from previous seasons. The questionnaire was based on general data, rowing discipline, training program data and potential injuries according to an anatomical localization.

Community informatics research has found that the provision of technical connectivity in local neighbourhoods alone does not ensure community interaction. Externally initiated projects applied to communities by government or commercial bodies have encountered difficulties where the project’s goals do not correspond to the host community’s. Differing expectations can lead to disillusionment or rejection. Self-organised initiatives developed from within communities appear to be more aligned with residents’ goals and purposes and may not face these issues. However, such initiatives have also encountered difficulties in maintaining volunteer input and achieving technological sustainability. Valuable insights can be drawn from both cases. In this paper we review examples of each type of initiative and consider lessons that can be taken forward into new networked neighbourhood initiatives currently being developed. We consider one specific example, an inner-city master-planned residential development in Australia seeking to establish a community association to support socio-economic sustainability and governance of the local ICT infrastructure. We offer recommendations drawn from existing projects that may be applied to this site and to a wider context, and consider some implications for the future selection, deployment and maintenance of community information systems.

Here we report a patient in whom there was a myopic shift after combined cataract surgery and pars plana vitrectomy against the epiretinal membrane, related to axial measurement estimation error caused by a hidden double-peak appearance on partial coherence interferometry measurement. A 52-year-old female presented with epiretinal membrane and underwent combined cataract surgery and pars plana vitrectomy. Axial length was measured with partial coherence interferometry. Although the signal curve in the summary display showed a single peak, a 1.6 diopter myopic shift occurred. Viewed retrospectively, six of 20 individual signal curves showed a double peak. Most of them showed a higher anterior peak, with only one having a higher posterior peak. The other 14 curves showed a single peak at a similar distance to an anterior peak. The anterior peak appeared to be derived from the epiretinal membrane. The possibility of a double peak should always be considered in patients with epiretinal membrane even if the summary display of the partial coherence interferometry measurement shows a single peak. Checking all signal curves would reduce the risk of missing a hidden double peak.

By 2015, no unity of opinions has formed concerning the purposes, tasks and essence of bachelor's and master's degrees in Russian higher education institutions. With regard to this, we deem it essential to analyze theoretical provisions of the degrees based directly on Bologna agreements. This will allow outlining their correlation with qualifications and degrees accepted in the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes and determines the content of degrees “Bachelor”, “Master” and “Doctor” throughout the official documents of Bologna Process. The typology of Bologna degrees in correlation with ones accepted in the Russian Federation is given too. The theoretical analysis of Bologna agreements has allowed the identification of Bologna degrees. It has enabled us to draw the structure of Bologna degrees and correlate them with qualifications and degrees accepted in the Russian Federation. The matrix developed also allows understanding the structure and essence of Bologna degrees of secondary and higher education depending on the level (cycle) of training and type of graduates’ future work (professional or research one).

Aim: Swimming races outside swimming pools take place all over the world, but studies focusing on their physiological aspects are scarce. In fact, rules forbid any direct contact with swimmers during sanctioned events. This case report presents heart rate responses of a master athlete during an ultra-endurance open water solo swim and analyzes results based on a prior cardiopulmonary exercise test. Methods: The swimmer performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill, following a ramp protocol, with continuous electrocardiogram recording. The athlete performed a 36 km swimming race with continuous heart rate recording. Description of swimming heart rate accordingly to heart rate training zones and correlation analysis between HR and swim speed was assessed. Results: The athlete swam the 36 km event in 11 hours, 16 minutes and 15 seconds. Most of the swim time was spent in training zone 3 (55%), and only 2% of race time was spent in zone 5. Swimming speed (3.2 ± 0.7 km/h) failed to correlate with HR during the event (r2 = 0.1334, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Although HR did not correlate with swimming speed it successfully indicated exercise intensity during this 36 km event. These results can be used in the preparation and monitoring of other solo long-distance swimmers.