1. Clustering Product Development Project Organization From the Perspective of Social Network Analysis
- Author
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Na Yang, Bin Jiang, Qing Yang, Tyson R. Browning, and Tao Yao
- Subjects
Organizational architecture ,Knowledge management ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,05 social sciences ,Design structure matrix ,Similarity (network science) ,0502 economics and business ,New product development ,Organizational structure ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Cluster analysis ,business ,Centrality ,Social network analysis ,050203 business & management - Abstract
In product development (PD) organizations, coordinating technical dependencies among teams with different expertise in overlapping processes is a fundamental challenge. This article takes a more sophisticated approach than prior methodologies to improve coordination via organizational clustering, by accounting for both team structural and attribute similarity from the perspective of social network analysis. We built models to quantify the impact of the overlapping processes on the interaction strength among PD teams, which we then used to construct structural similarity by combining tie strength and social cohesion among teams via the design structure matrix. To evaluate the organization network, we propose social embeddedness-related centrality indices within (intracluster) and across (intercluster) team groupings. To facilitate knowledge sharing, we base team attribute similarity on product- and process-related expertise among teams. We integrate the modularity index and an improved silhouette index to find an optimal number of clusters, which we then incorporate with team similarity measures as inputs to a spectral clustering algorithm. An industrial example illustrates the proposed model. The clustering results reinforce several managerial practices but also yield new insights, such as how to measure similarity among teams based on organizational network characteristics and how structural and attribute similarities impact the optimal organizational structure.
- Published
- 2022