The domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus first originated in southwestern Asia and was later introduced into China about 1400 B.C. It descended from the red junglefowl. Chickens are also present in Babylonian carvings of about 600 B.C and are mentioned by the Greek writer Aristophanes in 400 B.C. Initially domesticated fowl were reared for different purposes, such as for religious and cultural purposes. Ethiopia was the first country to have indigenous animal migration and livestock population, which are considered gateways to poverty reduction and national food security (Halima et al., 2007). These domesticated taxa were utilized for food, labor, or companionship (Larson et al., 2012). Chickens are important in providing food and also are a source of recreation (Peters et al., 2008; Bett et al., 2011). Indigenous chickens are the best source for food (Tadelle et al., 2003) and provide cheap and easily harvestable white meat rich in protein (Nath et al., 2012; Peter, 2008). Poultry is considered a gateway to national food security and the “entry point of poverty reduction” because it can elevate living standards and community bonds and can supply nutritional supplements to urban communities (Gueye, 2009). In South Africa, indigenous chickens are a major component of the rural household, providing a source of food and income and also strengthening social relationships (Munisi 2015). Most African families will keep 5 to 20 indigenous birds for eggs and meat production. South African indigenous chickens provide meat (89.8%) and eggs (64.2%) (Mtileni et al., 2009). In Uganda, the chickens are kept mainly for home consumption (36%), cash (33%), ceremonies (16%), and gifts (13%) (Habte et al., 2013). Ethiopia had about 49.3 million chickens, of which 97.3, 0.38, and 2.32% were indigenous, hybrid, and exotic breeds, respectively. In Ethiopia, about 75% of respondents selected farming as a source of providing food for family (Mengesha et al., 2008). In South East Asian countries, rural families have maintained poultry as a backyard practice for centuries, using foraging chickens (Mengesha et al., 2008). In Nigeria, 80% of indigenous chickens were found to be contributing in annual egg and meat production, about 90% for the sale and for meat use (Fayeye et al., 2005). Tanzania is gifted with a rich poultry genetic resource conquered by the free-ranging local domestic fowl. The free-ranging local domestic fowl is a pool of various genetic resources, which is reserved in the rural areas of the developing world (Msoffe et al., 2005). The flock size in rural Africa is 3-65 (Kitalyi, 1998), in South America 10-30, and in Asia 5-20 (Fasina et al., 2007). Almost all the rural families keep a small flock of scavenging chickens. Indigenous chickens are an essential element in diversifying cultivation production and food, so consumers prefer them because of their taste, compactness, and aptness for dishes (Mtileni et al., 2009). Thai indigenous chicken is one of the important chickens that are produced for consumption. In Thailand, indigenous chickens make up almost 20 to 25% of total chicken production. Indigenous chickens comprise 86% of total animal production in all parts of Thailand (Wattanachant, 2008). Domestic chickens essentially contribute to human nutrition, play a crucial role in vital and applied research, and provide an enjoyable source of human entertainment and free-time activities (Delany, 1998). In Chad, pure black and white chickens are favored for religious services, whereas in Mozambique, chickens with curled feathers are popular with traditional healers. O Shamo (Japanese large game) are well known in Japan for having delicious meat. In contrast to the benefit in meat volume and quality, the rate of egg production in this breed is very low (Deeb and Lamont, 2002). Village chickens are generally birds of indigenous breeds living in almost symbiotic relationship with human communities. In Bangladesh, about 89% of the rural households keep chickens, with an average flock size of 5.33 per holding under backyard foraging system (Kanginakudru et al., 2008). In India, Livestock industry is an important component of economy; India has enormous population of poultry, out of which around 25% of the total poultry population was native chicken (Vetrivel and Chandrakumarmangalam, 2013). In India, 72.22% of the population lives in urban areas, and 89% of urban livestock householders raise native poultry as an important additional source of cash income. Meat from native chickens in India is favored by people because of its taste, leanness, and coloring (Kumaresan et al., 2008). In scavenging systems, mostly indigenous breeds of chickens are kept (Badubi et al., 2006). In Pakistan, rural and commercial chickens have been playing a vital role in connecting the gap between daily requirement and supply of animal protein. Aseel chickens are well known for their excellent meat-producing qualities and are among the ancestors of the White Cornish (Babar et al., 2012). Although many researchers described Aseel as a reduced egg producer Aseel has been traditionally bred for its meat. Of the live birds that hatch and survive, 60 to 70% are sold, 15 to 20% are consumed at home, and the remaining 10 to 15% are kept as breeding stock to increase the flock. Aseel meat is highly valued by rural and urban dwellers, rich and poor alike, with prices per kg live weight being 50 to 100% higher than that of the broilers because of its superior taste and texture. Indigenous chickens play many socioeconomic roles in traditional religious and other customs and are a source of animal protein (McCain, 2005). Village chickens also contribute to the cultural and social life of farmers (Mapiye et al., 2008). South African chickens play important socioeconomic roles in urban populations (Mtileni et al., 2009). In Chad, pure black and white chickens are favored for religious ceremonies. Special clothes such as skirts, pillows, and hats are created from chicken feathers for use in traditional ceremonies (Nematollahzadeh et al., 2011). The major threats to the village's indigenous chickens are haphazard crossbreeding and breed replacement, changes of production, and destruction of the environment (Egahi et al., 2010; Cabarles et al., 2012). Therefore, characterization of these valuable indigenous animal resources using genetic and phenotypic methods for the purpose of conservation has become very crucial. In the present study, morphological characteristics of indigenous Chickens in the villages of Chhajjian were investigated.