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The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been one of the revolutionary developments and has led to the advent of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for the management of cancer. In this regard, miRNA dysregulation has been shown to play a critical role in various stages of tumorigenesis, including tumor invasion, metastasis as well as angiogenesis. Therefore, miRNA profiling can provide accurate fingerprints for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. This review discusses the recent discoveries of miRNA- based tools for early detection of cancer as well as disease monitoring in cancers that are common, like breast, lung, hepatic, colorectal, oral and brain cancer. Based on the involvement of miRNA in different cancers as oncogenic miRNA or tumor suppressor miRNA, the treatment with miRNA inhibitors or mimics is recommended. However, the stability and targeted delivery of miRNA remain the major limitations of miRNA delivery. In relation to this, several nanoparticle-based delivery systems have been reported which have effectively delivered the miRNA mimics or inhibitors and showed the potential for transforming these advanced delivery systems from bench to bedside in the treatment of cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Based on this, we attempted to uncover recently reported advanced nanotherapeutic approaches to deliver the miRNAs in the management of different cancers.

A breast mass in women often presents a diagnostic challenge due to the diversity in the diagnosis. We herein report a rare variant of breast carcinoma, an invasive apocrine carcinoma (AC), in an elderly woman where the breast mass clinically mimicked phyllodes tumour. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed the tumour as triple-negative and also negative for androgen receptor (AR). Gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-15) was strongly and diffusely positive. It is an exceptional finding. It implies its significance as a diagnostic marker of AC of the breast. The accurate diagnostic criteria of AC are still lacking. Patients with breast lumps offer unique challenges and enormous responsibility to primary and family care physicians.

Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide. Early cancer detection can lead to a better prognosis of the patients. Conventional diagnostic methods are invasive, labor-intensive, and expensive, thereby making the detection process quite cumbersome. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop noninvasive, rapid, and highly accurate tests for the screening, early detection, and prognosis of cancer. Further, saliva serves as a “mirror of the present health of an individual.” Biochemically, saliva is the mixture of electrolytes, peptides, proteins, DNA, coding and noncoding RNAs, exosomes, and microbiota. Numerous candidate molecules have been identified in the saliva as potential cancer biomarkers. Here, we review emerging technologies being used for the detection of various analytes such as mRNAs, microRNAs, metabolites, and microbiota in the saliva of cancer patients. Next, we describe various types of detection systems and progress towards the development of point-of-care biosensor devices for salivary biomarkers. Finally, we discuss challenges in the field of cancer salivary biomarkers.

Nowadays our way of living life is drastically changing and our desires are growing day by day. This results in excessive growing needs of people due to which they are facing numerous diseases. Lifestyle diseases are defined as diseases resulting from the way people live their life. They are commonly caused by lack of physical activity and unhealthy eating habits. This may increase the risk of developing certain critical illness in the later stage of life. In Ayurvedic text Acharya’s have mentioned six basicmodalities of treatment, known as Shadvidha-Upakrama1,which can be very beneficial in prevention and management of lifestyle diseases.In Ayurveda the origin of a disease is broadly classified in two ways (1) Santarpanjanya and (2) Aptarpanjanya. Both types of diseases are caused by unhealthy food habits and decreased physical activities. Santarpan is considered as taking foodexcess in quantity and which is over nutritious along with lack of physical activities while Aptarpan is considered as intake of food which is less in quantity and is under nutritious along withmore physical activities, both the conditionscomesunder improper life style.Acharya Charaka emphasized on the concept that the method of treatment depends on the intelligence and yukti of a physician3 and the treatment should be formulated according to accumulation period of dosha.

A case of bowel obstruction resulting from bael fruit (Aegle marmelos) in the rectum is described in an Indian Hindu elderly man. To our knowledge, this is probably the first reported case with such a presentation in available literature. Dilemma at unsuspecting clinical history and finding of clinical examination and imaging evaluation made the case more interesting and challenging to manage. The case also highlights the need for awareness, education about prevailing unregulated practice of traditional herbal medical therapy leading to disastrous consequences.

A highly specialized connective tissue, bone, possesses inherent regenerative capacity. However, substantial degeneration and loss of bone due to bone tumour resections or traumatic injuries delay its healing, thereby suggesting alternate treatment options. Currently available treatments may offer repair to some extent; however, they are associated with certain disadvantages. Autografts fail under circumstances such as large bone loss and are associated with limited availability and donor site morbidity. Alternatives such as allografts are further associated with risk of immune rejection. Even if all of this pass, the limited availability of donors is unable to cover the associated clinical demands. In the search for bone repair and regeneration protocols, emergence of tissue engineering has greatly contributed to repair and regeneration of bone and bone-like complex tissues. Therefore, this chapter will uncover recent trends in bone tissue engineering with a focus on scaffolds, cells, growth factors and dynamic environments.

Cloud storage systems are designed to provide reliable storage services and reduce the cost by utilizing the storage space efficiently. However, cloud storage systems suffer from loss of data whenever an unexpected failure occurs. This work focuses on providing network coding benefits in robust cloud storage system. We design a system model for multiple-cloud storage and multiple node failures. Further, the storage system provides authentication for users and minimizes the update operation. We have carried out our work considering trade-off between repair bandwidth and cloud storage capacity and comparing with RAID-6. The proposed approach provides protection (fault tolerance) against unexpected failure using erasure and regenerating codes.

The present study was conducted to assess knowledge regarding Hiv/Aids among B.Sc nursing 1 year students.

Study examining how consumers preferences for design typicality differs between the apparel categories of a) tops and jackets (upper body apparel), b) skirts and pants (lower body apparel), and c) dresses (whole body apparel) by utilizing a 2 (typicality: typical vs. atypical) x 3 (apparel category: lower body apparel, upper body apparel, and dresses) mixed-factorial experimental design with typicality as the between-subjects factor and apparel category as the within-subjects factor.