Author: "Nico, A" / Topic: business.industry - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

9,793 results on '"Nico, A"'

1. Longitudinal clinical and functional outcome in distinct cognitive subgroups of first-episode psychosis

Author: Martin de Jonge, Albert Batalla, Gerdina H. M. Pijnenborg, Jim van Os, Iris E. C. Sommer, Elske Willemse, Sybren Wiersma, Therese van Amelsvoort, Truus van den Brink, Marieke J. H. Begemann, Joran Lokkerbol, Shiral S. Gangadin, Maarten Bak, Sinan Guloksuz, Amrita G.S. Mahabir, P. Roberto Bakker, Martijn J. Kikkert, G. Faber, Nynke Boonstra, Marinte van den Bosch, Koen P. Grootens, Agaath Been, Franciska de Beer, Yudith R A Haveman, Wim Veling, Bodyl A Brand, Jörg Kurkamp, Sanne Koops, Filip Smit, Tonnie Staring, Nico J.M. van Beveren, Erna van ‘t Hag, Machteld Marcelis, Chris N W Geraets, A E Voppel, Natalie D. Veen, Inge van der Heijden, Selene R. T. Veerman, Priscilla P. Oomen, Lieuwe de Haan, Rikus Knegtering, Ellen Graveland, Bram-Sieben Rosema, Joelle Hoornaar, Psychiatry 1, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, Psychiatry 3, and MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9)
Subjects: cognition, Psychosis, SYMPTOMS, global functioning, Clustering, functional outcome, DEFICITS, First episode psychosis, SCHIZOPHRENIA, medicine, HETEROGENEITY, psychosis, PREDICTORS, Applied Psychology, METAANALYSIS, SCALE, business.industry, Cognition, PERFORMANCE, medicine.disease, FEP, Outcome (probability), Large sample, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, RELIABILITY, business, ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE 2.0, Clinical psychology
Abstract: BackgroundCognitive deficits may be characteristic for only a subgroup of first-episode psychosis (FEP) and the link with clinical and functional outcomes is less profound than previously thought. This study aimed to identify cognitive subgroups in a large sample of FEP using a clustering approach with healthy controls as a reference group, subsequently linking cognitive subgroups to clinical and functional outcomes.Methods204 FEP patients were included. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using baseline brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (BACS). Cognitive subgroups were compared to 40 controls and linked to longitudinal clinical and functional outcomes (PANSS, GAF, self-reported WHODAS 2.0) up to 12-month follow-up.ResultsThree distinct cognitive clusters emerged: relative to controls, we found one cluster with preserved cognition (n = 76), one moderately impaired cluster (n = 74) and one severely impaired cluster (n = 54). Patients with severely impaired cognition had more severe clinical symptoms at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up as compared to patients with preserved cognition. General functioning (GAF) in the severely impaired cluster was significantly lower than in those with preserved cognition at baseline and showed trend-level effects at 6- and 12-month follow-up. No significant differences in self-reported functional outcome (WHODAS 2.0) were present.ConclusionsCurrent results demonstrate the existence of three distinct cognitive subgroups, corresponding with clinical outcome at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Importantly, the cognitively preserved subgroup was larger than the severely impaired group. Early identification of discrete cognitive profiles can offer valuable information about the clinical outcome but may not be relevant in predicting self-reported functional outcomes.
Published: 2023

2. To Be or Not to Be in Flow at Work: Physiological Classification of Flow Using Machine Learning

Author: Michael T. Knierim, Nico Loewe, Mario Nadj, Raphael Rissler, Alexander Maedche, and Maximilian Xiling Li
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, Context (language use), Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Field (computer science), Task (project management), Random forest, Human-Computer Interaction, Work (electrical), Flow (mathematics), Task analysis, Information system, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Software
Abstract: The focal role of flow in promoting desirable outcomes in companies, such as increased employees' well-being and performance, led scholars to study flow in the context of work. However, current measurement approaches which assess flow via self-report scales after task execution are limited due to obtrusiveness and a lack of real-time support. Hence, new measurement approaches must be created to overcome these limitations. In this paper, we use cardiac features (heart rate variability; HRV) and a Random Forest classifier to distinguish high and low flow. Our results from a large-scale lab experiment with 158 participants and a field study with nine participants reveal, that with HRV features alone, flow-classifiers can be built with an accuracy of 68.5% (lab) and 70.6% (field). Our research contributes to the challenge of developing a less obtrusive, real-time measurement method of flow based on physiological features and to investigate flow from a physiological perspective. Our findings may serve as foundation for future work aiming to build physio-adaptive systems which can improve employee's performance. For instance, these systems could ensure that no notifications are forwarded to employees while the system is 'sensing' flow.
Published: 2023

3. Atypical Arousal Regulation in Children With Autism but Not With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as Indicated by Pupillometric Measures of Locus Coeruleus Activity

Author: Hannah Cholemkery, Christine M. Freitag, Sara Boxhoorn, Hans Supèr, Bartosz Helfer, Leonie Polzer, Nico Bast, and Christoph Klein
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cognitive Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Audiology, medicine.disease, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Arousal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Autism spectrum disorder, Endophenotype, medicine, Pupillary response, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Autism, Tonic (music), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biological Psychiatry, Pupillometry
Abstract: Background Atypical arousal regulation may explain slower mean reaction time (MRT) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared with typical development. The locus coeruleus–norepinephrine system (LC-NE) underlies arousal regulation and adapts its activity to the utility of a task. LC-NE tonic and phasic activity are indexed by baseline pupil size (BPS) and stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR). Methods The study assessed pupillometry in ASD (n = 31, 3 female/28 male), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 28, 3 female/25 male), and typically developing control subjects (n = 31, 16 female/15 male) during a visuospatial reaction-time task that manipulates arousal by conditions with low and high task utility. We estimated linear mixed models of BPS, SEPR, and MRT in a per-trial analysis to investigate arousal regulation of task performance. Results Slower MRT occurred in the ASD group compared with the typically developing control group during low-utility conditions while controlling for dimensional ASD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. In low-utility conditions, BPS and SEPR were inversely related and both were associated with faster MRT. Increased ASD symptoms across groups were associated with higher BPS during low-utility conditions. Changes in BPS and SEPR between task-utility conditions were smaller in the ASD group. Conclusions Slower visuospatial task performance in ASD is specific to low task utility. Arousal was associated with task performance and showed altered activity in ASD. Increased BPS during low-utility conditions suggested increased LC-NE tonic activity as an ASD symptom marker in children. Smaller changes in BPS and SEPR in ASD indicated attenuated LC-NE activity adaptation in response to high-utility conditions. Slower performance and atypical arousal regulation are probably associated with attenuated LC-NE activity adaptation.
Published: 2023

4. Somatic Health and Psychosocial Background Among Finnish Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria Seeking Hormonal Interventions

Author: Elina Holopainen, Laura Suomalainen, Hanna Savolainen-Peltonen, and Nico Vehmas
Subjects: Gender dysphoria, business.industry, Psychological intervention, Medicine (miscellaneous), medicine.disease, Gender Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Psychosocial, Clinical psychology, Hormone
Published: 2022

5. Costs of <scp>Hospital‐Associated</scp> Care for Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in the Dutch Health Care System

Author: Luiza R Grazziotin, Susanne M. Benseler, Michelle M.A. Kip, Inge van den Berg, Nico M Wulffraat, Sytze de Roock, Gillian Currie, Marinka Twilt, Deborah A. Marshall, Maarten Joost IJzerman, Sebastiaan J. Vastert, Joost F. Swart, Rae S. M. Yeung, Health Technology & Services Research, TechMed Centre, Surgery, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, and Health Services Management & Organisation (HSMO)
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, UT-Hybrid-D, MEDLINE, Arthritis, Rheumatology, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Child, Reimbursement, Retrospective Studies, Biological Products, business.industry, Medical record, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Health Care Costs, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Arthritis, Juvenile, Hospitals, Pediatric rheumatologist, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Child, Preschool, Resource use, business, Healthcare system
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify costs of hospital-associated care for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), provide insights in patient-level variation in costs, and investigate costs over time from the moment of JIA diagnosis. Results were reported for all JIA patients in general and by subtype. Methods: This study was a single-center, retrospective analysis of prospective data from electronic medical records of children with JIA, ages 0–18 years, between April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2019. Patient characteristics (age, sex, JIA subtype) and hospital-based resource use (consultations, medication, radiology procedures, laboratory testing, surgeries, emergency department [ED] visits, hospital stays) were extracted and analyzed. Unit prices were obtained from Dutch reimbursement lists and pharmaceutical and hospital list prices. Results: The analysis included 691 patients. The mean total cost of hospital care was €3,784/patient/year, of which €2,103 (55.6%) was attributable to medication. Other costs involved pediatric rheumatologist visits (€633/patient/year [16.7%]), hospital stays (€439/patient/year [11.6%]), other within-hospital specialist visits (€324/patient/year [8.6%]), radiology procedures (€119/patient/year [3.1%]), laboratory tests (€114/patient/year [3.0%]), surgeries (€46/patient/year [1.2%]), and ED visits (€6/patient/year [0.2%]). Mean annual total costs varied between JIA subtypes and between individuals and were the highest for systemic JIA (€7,772/patient/year). Over the treatment course, costs were the highest in the first month after JIA diagnosis. Conclusion: Hospital care costs of JIA vary substantially between individuals, between subtypes, and over the treatment course. The highest annual costs were for systemic JIA, primarily attributable to medication (i.e., biologics). Costs of other hospital-associated care were comparable regardless of subtype.
Published: 2022

6. The Value of Preoperative Plasma VEGF Levels in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder Treated with Radical Cystectomy

Author: Hadi Mostafaei, Pawel Rajwa, Francesco Soria, Péter Nyirády, Frederik König, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Douglas S. Scherr, Satoshi Katayama, Yair Lotan, Benjamin Pradere, Shin Egawa, Keiichiro Mori, Nico C. Grossmann, Abdulmajeed Aydh, Fahad Quhal, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Reza Sari Motlagh, Martin Haydter, Eva Compérat, Victor M. Schuettfort, Ekaterina Laukhtina, and Marco Moschini
Subjects: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Oncology, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, Bladder cancer, Proportional hazards model, Angiogenesis, business.industry, Urology, medicine.medical_treatment, Urinary Bladder, Cystectomy, medicine.disease, Vascular endothelial growth factor, chemistry.chemical_compound, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Biomarker (medicine), business, Pathological
Abstract: BACKGROUND Elevated preoperative plasma levels of the angiogenesis-related marker VEGF have been associated with worse oncological outcomes in various malignancies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictive/prognostic role of VEGF in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) treated with radical cystectomy (RC). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS VEGF plasma levels were measured preoperatively in 1036 patients with UCB who underwent RC. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The correlation between plasma VEGF levels and pathological and survival outcomes was assessed using logistic regression and Cox regression analyses. Discrimination was assessed using the concordance index (C index). The clinical net benefit was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Patients with higher pretreatment plasma VEGF levels had poorer recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) according to log-rank tests (all p 0.05). Preoperative plasma VEGF levels were independently associated with RFS, CSS, and OS in preoperative and postoperative multivariable models. However, in all cases the C index increased by
Published: 2022

7. The importance of continuous remnant preservation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Author: L Z van Keulen, Nico Verdonschot, R Huis In't Veld, Roy A.G. Hoogeslag, Reinoud W Brouwer, TechMed Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Biomechanical Engineering
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, Sports medicine, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Anterior cruciate ligament, Retrospective cohort study, Lachman test, musculoskeletal system, Surgery, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], surgical procedures, operative, medicine.anatomical_structure, Orthopedic surgery, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 22/1 OA procedure, Complication, business, Pathological
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext PURPOSE: Selective anteromedial or posterolateral bundle reconstruction is recognized as a treatment modality in partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) with a biomechanically sufficient ACL remnant. However, there is paucity in literature investigating clinical outcomes of standard ACLR with preservation of residual continuous but biomechanically insufficient ACL tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of preservation of residual continuous but biomechanical insufficient ACL tissue in standard ACLR on complication and repeat surgery rate, and patient reported and clinical outcome. METHODS: The retrospective cohort comprised 134 patients (age 23 ± 7 years; Tegner 6 ± 3) with an isolated acute ACL tear. In 67 patients, residual continuous but biomechanically insufficient ACL tissue was present and preserved based on visual inspection, probing of the ACL tissue and Lachman test under arthroscopic view (standard reconstruction with tissue preservation; SRTP). These patients were matched to 67 patients that underwent ACLR where no residual ACL tissue could be preserved (standard reconstruction; SR) based on gender, age and chondral and/or meniscal status. Clinical failure (recurrent instability, pathological ACL graft laxity and/or ACL graft discontinuity), other complication and repeat-surgery rate within index surgery and 1-year and within index surgery and 2-year follow-up, and patient reported and clinical outcomes at 1-year and at 2-year follow-up were compared. RESULTS: A statistically significant lower clinical failure rate within index surgery and 1-year (SRTP, 3%; SR, 13%; P = 0.028) and within index surgery and 2-year follow-up (SRTP, 3%; SR, 23%; P = 0.001), and revision ACL surgery rate within index surgery and 1-year (SRTP, 2%; ST, 10%; P = 0.029) and within index surgery and 2-year follow-up (SRTP, 2%; SR, 18%; P = 0.001) was found in the SRTP group. No statistically significant differences were found for other investigated outcomes in patients that were without clinical failure. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in ACLR surgery, preservation of residual continuous but biomechanical insufficient ACL tissue might lead to lower clinical failure rate and ACL revision surgery rate within index surgery and 1-year, and within index surgery and 2-year follow-up compared to standard ACLR where no residual continuous ACL tissue could be preserved. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Published: 2022

8. Accuracy and Clinical Utility of a Tumor Grade- and Stage-based Predictive Model in Localized Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Author: Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, Morgan Rouprêt, Hadi Mostafaei, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Pawel Rajwa, Victor M. Schuettfort, Yasutomo Nasu, Reza Sari Motlagh, Marco Moschini, Nico C. Grossmann, Keiichiro Mori, Eva Compérat, Satoshi Katayama, Mohammad Abufaraj, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Motoo Araki, Dmitry Enikeev, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Fahad Quhal, Vitaly Margulis, and Benjamin Pradere
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, 030232 urology & nephrology, Disease, Logistic regression, Nephroureterectomy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Stage (cooking), Upper urinary tract, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Medical record, Cancer, medicine.disease, Kidney Neoplasms, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Upper tract, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Urothelium, business, Carcinoma in Situ
Abstract: Background Among various clinicopathologic factors used to identify low-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), tumor grade and stage are of utmost importance. The clinical value added by inclusion of other risk factors remains unproven. Objective To assess the performance of a tumor grade- and stage-based (GS) model to identify patients with UTUC for whom kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) could be attempted. Design, setting, and participants In this international study, we reviewed the medical records of 1240 patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy. Complete data needed for risk stratification according to the European Association of Urology (EAU) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines were available for 560 patients. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if risk factors were associated with the presence of localized UTUC. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the GS, EAU, and NCCN models in predicting pathologic stage were calculated. Results and limitations Overall, 198 patients (35%) had clinically low-grade, noninvasive tumors, and 283 (51%) had ≤pT1disease. On multivariable analyses, none of the EAU and NCCN risk factors were associated with the presence of non–muscle-invasive UTUC among patients with low-grade and low-stage UTUC. The GS model exhibited the highest accuracy, sensitivity, and negative predictive value among all three models. According to the GS, EAU, and NCCN models, the proportion of patients eligible for KSS was 35%, 6%, and 4%, respectively. Decision curve analysis revealed that the net benefit of the three models was similar within the clinically reasonable range of probability thresholds. Conclusions The GS model showed favorable predictive accuracy and identified a greater number of KSS-eligible patients than the EAU and NCCN models. A decision-making algorithm that weighs the benefits of avoiding unnecessary kidney loss against the risk of undertreatment in case of advanced carcinoma is necessary for individualized treatment for UTUC patients. Patient summary We assessed the ability of three models to predict low-grade, low-stage disease in patients with cancer of the upper urinary tract. No risk factors other than grade assessed on biopsy and stage assessed from scans were associated with better prediction of localized cancer. A model based on grade and stage may help to identify patients who could benefit from kidney-sparing treatment of their cancer.
Published: 2022

9. Comparing Block-Based Programming Models for Two-Armed Robots

Author: Vladimir Kovalenko, Ronald Garcia, Nico Ritschel, Reid Holmes, and David C. Shepherd
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, 020207 software engineering, Robotics, 02 engineering and technology, Task (computing), Work (electrical), Human–computer interaction, Block (programming), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Programming paradigm, Robot, Factory (object-oriented programming), Artificial intelligence, business, Software, Visual programming language
Abstract: Modern industrial robots can work alongside human workers and coordinate with other robots. This means they can perform complex tasks, but doing so requires complex programming. Therefore, robots are typically programmed by experts, but there are not enough to meet the growing demand for robots. To reduce the need for experts, researchers have tried to make robot programming accessible to factory workers without programming experience. However, none of that previous work supports coordinating multiple robot arms that work on the same task. In this paper we present four block-based programming language designs that enable end-users to program two-armed robots. We analyze the benefits and trade-offs of each design on expressiveness and user cognition, and evaluate the designs based on a survey of 273 professional participants of whom 110 had no previous programming experience. We further present an interactive experiment based on a prototype implementation of the design we deem best. This experiment confirmed that novices can successfully use our prototype to complete realistic robotics tasks. This work contributes to making coordinated programming of robots accessible to end-users. It further explores how visual programming elements can make traditionally challenging programming tasks more beginner-friendly.
Published: 2022

10. Impact of discontinuing contact precautions and enforcement of basic hygiene measures on nosocomial vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium transmission

Author: Nico T. Mutters, Dennis Nurjadi, Vanessa M. Eichel, Alexandra Heininger, Markus A. Weigand, Sébastien Boutin, Uwe Frank, Markus W. Büchler, and Klaus Heeg
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, media_common.quotation_subject, Enterococcus faecium, Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci, Antiseptic, Vancomycin, Hygiene, Humans, Medicine, Infection control, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, media_common, Cross Infection, biology, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Public health, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Discontinuation, Infectious Diseases, Emergency medicine, business
Abstract: Objectives Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) has emerged as a pathogen of major public health concern. Although definitive evidence is lacking, contact precautions have been a crucial element in infection prevention and control (IPC) strategies designed to limit nosocomial VRE transmissions. This study investigates the effect of discontinuing contact precautions while enforcing basic hygiene measures, including hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and antiseptic body washing, for VRE patients at ICUs on prevention of nosocomial VRE transmission causing bacteraemia. Methods Contact precaution was discontinued in January 2018. A total of 96 VREfm isolates from 61 ICU patients with VREfm bacteraemia and/or colonization from 8 ICUs in 2016 and 2019 in a tertiary care hospital were characterized by whole genome sequenicng. VRE transmission was investigated using patient movement data and admission screening for reliable identification of nosocomial acquisition. Results Discontinuation of contact precautions did not increase VREfm transmission events (8 in 2016 vs 1 in 2019). While the rate of endogenous VREfm was similar in both years (38% vs 31%), the number of non-colonized patients prior to VREfm bacteraemia was 16 (16/29; 55%) in 2019, which was significantly higher than in 2016 (8/32; 25%). The mean incidence density for VREfm bacteraemia was similar for both years; 0.26 versus 0.31 per 1000 patient days in 2016 and 2019, respectively. Conclusion Our data suggest that discontinuation of contact precaution, while enforcing the basic hygiene measures did not lead to an increase of nosocomial bloodstream infection rates due to transmissions of VREfm in hyperendemic ICU settings.
Published: 2022

11. Hydroxyl Ethyl Starch (HES) Preserves Intrarenal Microcirculatory Perfusion Shown by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (Ceus), and Renal Function in a Severe Hemodilution Model in Pigs

Author: Egbert G. Mik, Alexandre Lima, Yasin Ince, Can Ince, Patricia A.C. Specht, Nico de Jong, Bulent Ergin, Tom van Rooij, Klazina Kooiman, Biomedical Engineering and Physics, ACS - Microcirculation, Intensive Care, Cardiology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, and Anesthesiology
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Swine, Renal cortex, Urology, Plasma Substitutes, Renal function, Contrast Media, sublingual microcirculation, Blood volume, Acute normovolemic hemodilution, Hematocrit, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Kidney, Microcirculation, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives, Lipocalin-2, Medicine, Animals, Ultrasonography, Hemodilution, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Acute Kidney Injury, renal microcirculation, hydroxyethyl starch, Disease Models, Animal, Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Emergency Medicine, Female, business, Perfusion, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Abstract: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is associated with low oxygen carrying capacity of blood and purposed to cause renal injury in perioperative setting. It is best accomplished in a perioperative setting by a colloid such as hydroxyl ethyl starch (HES) due its capacity to fill the vascular compartment and maintain colloidal pressure. However, alterations of intra renal microvascular perfusion, flow and its effects on renal function and damage during ANH has not been sufficiently clarified. Based on the extensive use of HES in the perioperative setting we tested the hypothesis that the use of HES during ANH is able to perfuse the kidney microcirculation adequately without causing renal dysfunction and injury in pigs. Hemodilution (n = 8) was performed by stepwise replacing blood with HES to hematocrit (Hct) levels of 20% (T1), 15% (T2), and 10% (T3). Seven control animals were investigated. Systemic and renal hemodynamics were monitored. Renal microcirculatory perfusion was visualized and quantified using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and laser speckle imaging (LSI). In addition, sublingual microcirculation was measured by handheld vital microscopy (HVM). Intrarenal mean transit time of ultrasound contrast agent (IRMTT-CEUS) was reduced in the renal cortex at Hct 10% in comparison to control at T3 (1.4 ± 0.6 vs. 2.2 ± 0.7 seconds, respectively, P
Published: 2022

12. 3-Month Enalapril Treatment in Pediatric Fontan Patients With Moderate to Good Systolic Ventricular Function

Author: Covadonga Terol Espinosa de los Monteros, Nico A. Blom, Arend D. J. ten Harkel, Lukas A.J. Rammeloo, J. Gert van Dijk, Lisette M. Harteveld, Mark G. Hazekamp, Irene M. Kuipers, Paediatric Cardiology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Methodology, and APH - Quality of Care
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Systole, medicine.drug_class, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Blood Pressure, Fontan Procedure, Vascular Stiffness, Enalapril, Internal medicine, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, Ventricular Dysfunction, Natriuretic peptide, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Child, Adverse effect, Exercise Tolerance, Ventricular function, business.industry, Plasma levels, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, Treatment Outcome, Blood pressure, Echocardiography, ACE inhibitor, Exercise Test, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Arterial stiffness, Female, Hypotension, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Many Fontan patients with and without systolic ventricular dysfunction are being treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, despite its effectiveness remaining unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the short-term effect of enalapril on exercise capacity, vascular and ventricular function in pediatric Fontan patients with moderategood systolic ventricular function. Fontan patients between 8 and 18 years with moderategood systolic ventricular function and without previous ACE inhibitor treatment were included and were treated with enalapril for 3 months. During the first 2 weeks, the dosage was titrated according to systolic blood pressure (SBP). Exercise tests, ventricular function assessed by echocardiography, arterial stiffness measurements, and plasma levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide assessed before and after a 3-month enalapril treatment period was compared. A total of 28 Fontan patients (median age 13.9 years, 6 to 15 years after Fontan operation) completed the study with a mean dosage of 0.3 +/- 0.1 mg/ kg/d. A total of 6 patients (21 %) experienced a significant drop in SBP and 6 others (21%) experienced other adverse events. Enalapril treatment lowered the SBP (from 110 to 104 mmHg, p = 0.003) and levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (from 80 to 72 ng/L, p = 0.036). However, enalapril treatment did not improve exercise capacity, ventricular function, or arterial stiffness. In conclusion, short-term ACE inhibition has no beneficial effect in Fontan patients with moderate-good systolic ventricular function. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Published: 2022

13. Associations between sleep bruxism and other sleep-related disorders in adults: a systematic review

Author: Gilles Lavigne, Frank Lobbezoo, Ghizlane Aarab, Nico de Vries, Nelly Huynh, Boyuan Kuang, Deshui Li, Ralph de Vries, and Antonius A.J. Hilgevoord
Subjects: Adult, Sleep Wake Disorders, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Sleep Bruxism, Disease, Cochrane Library, Epilepsy, Restless Legs Syndrome, Internal medicine, Prevalence, Sleep bruxism, medicine, Humans, Sleep arousal, education, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Sleep disorders, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Sleep in non-human animals, Obstructive sleep apnea, Systematic review, Human medicine, Mechanism, Sleep, business
Abstract: Objective: Systematic reviews on sleep bruxism (SB) as a comorbid condition of other sleep-related disorders are lacking. Such reviews would contribute to the insight of sleep clinicians into the occurrence of SB in patients with other sleep- related disorders, and into the underlying mechanisms of such comorbid associations. This systematic review aimed: 1. to determine the prevalence of SB in adults with other sleep-related disorders; and 2. to determine the associations between SB and other sleep-related disorders, and to explain the underlying mechanisms of these associations. Methods: A systematic search on SB and sleep-related disorders was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify eligible studies published until May 15, 2020. Quality assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies. Results: Of the 1539 unique retrieved studies, 37 articles were included in this systematic review. The prevalence of SB in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, periodic limb movement during sleep, sleep-related gastroesophageal reflux disease, REM behavior disorder (RBD), and sleep-related epilepsy was higher than that in the general population. The specific mechanisms behind these positive associations could not be identified. Conclusions: SB is more prevalent in patients with the previously mentioned disorders than in the general population. Sleep arousal may be a common factor with which all the identified disorders are associated, except RBD and Parkinson's disease. The associations between SB and these identified sleeprelated disorders call for more SB screening in patients with the abovementioned sleep-related disorders. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2022

14. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience in the Era of Networks and Big Data: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats

Author: Damien A. Fair, Michael P. Milham, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, and Amy H. Moore
Subjects: Cognitive science, Neuroimaging, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Functional connectivity, Big data, medicine, Developmental cognitive neuroscience, Network science, General Medicine, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, business
Abstract: Developmental cognitive neuroscience is being pulled in new directions by network science and big data. Brain imaging [e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), functional connectivity MRI], analytical advances (e.g., graph theory, machine learning), and access to large computing resources have empowered us to collect and process neurobehavioral datafaster and in larger populations than ever before. The translational potential from these advances is unparalleled, as a better understanding of complex human brain functions is best grounded in the onset of these functions during human development. However, the maturation of developmental cognitive neuroscience has seen the emergence of new challenges and pitfalls, which have significantly slowed progress and need to be overcome to maintain momentum. In this review, we examine the state of developmental cognitive neuroscience in the era of networks and big data. In addition, we provide a discussion of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of the field to advance developmental cognitive neuroscience's scientific and translational potential.
Published: 2021

15. Human iPSC-derived macrophages for efficientStaphylococcus aureusclearance in a murine pulmonary infection model

Author: Jan Lennart Stalp, Markus Abeln, Miriam Hetzel, Anna Rafiei Hashtchin, Nico Lachmann, Robert Zweigerdt, Beate Fehlhaber, Dorothee Viemann, Felix Manstein, Mania Ackermann, Silke Glage, and Antje Munder
Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus, Adoptive cell transfer, business.industry, Macrophages, medicine.medical_treatment, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Hematology, Immunotherapy, Staphylococcal Infections, Granulocyte, medicine.disease_cause, Transcriptome, Mice, medicine.anatomical_structure, Downregulation and upregulation, Humoral immunity, Immunology, Animals, Humans, Macrophage, Medicine, business, Respiratory Tract Infections
Abstract: Primary or secondary immunodeficiencies are characterized by disruption of cellular and humoral immunity. Respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunodeficient or immunocompromised patients, with Staphylococcus aureus being a common offending organism. We propose here an adoptive macrophage transfer approach aiming to enhance impaired pulmonary immunity against S aureus. Our studies, using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages (iMφs), demonstrate efficient antimicrobial potential against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant clinical isolates of S aureus. Using an S aureus airway infection model in immunodeficient mice, we demonstrate that the adoptive transfer of iMφs is able to reduce the bacterial load more than 10-fold within 20 hours. This effect was associated with reduced granulocyte infiltration and less damage in lung tissue of transplanted animals. Whole transcriptome analysis of iMφs compared with monocyte-derived macrophages indicates a more profound upregulation of inflammatory genes early after infection and faster normalization 24 hours postinfection. Our data demonstrate high therapeutic efficacy of iMφ-based immunotherapy against S aureus infections and offer an alternative treatment strategy for immunodeficient or immunocompromised patients.
Published: 2021

16. Personalized community-based prehabilitation for a high-risk surgical patient opting for pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy

Author: Christel A. van Beijsterveld, Nico L. U. van Meeteren, Bart C. Bongers, Cornelis H. C. Dejong, Marcel den Dulk, MUMC+: TPZ Fysiotherapie (9), Epidemiologie, RS: CAPHRI - R3 - Functioning, Participating and Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Movement Sciences, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health, MUMC+: MA Heelkunde (9), RS: NUTRIM - R2 - Liver and digestive health, and Surgery
Subjects: 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, Prehabilitation, Pancreatic resection, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, EXERCISE, PHYSICAL-FITNESS, PARAMETERS, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Physical functioning, STRATIFICATION, Preoperative Care, medicine, Humans, MAJOR ABDOMINAL-SURGERY, Pylorus, Aged, Risk assessment, Community based, COMPLICATIONS, business.industry, General surgery, MORTALITY, Preoperative Exercise, Preoperative training, ASSOCIATION, HOSPITALIZATION, MOBILITY, Female, Surgery, 0305 other medical science, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Surgical patients
Abstract: Introduction: Prehabilitation aims for an optimal physical functioning level before, during, and after hospitalization for major surgery. The purpose of this case report was to illustrate the care pathway of a high-risk patient who opted for pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, including preparation for this procedure by participating in a community-based exercise prehabilitation program. The report describes patient examination, evaluation in decision-making for surgery, the prehabilitation program, and outcomes within the context of the Hypothesis-Oriented Algorithm for Clinicians II. Case Description: The patient was a 75-year-old woman with a history of several comorbidities and a polypoid mass in the descending segment of the duodenum. Based on the preoperative assessment, the level of physical functioning was expected to be insufficient to cope adequately with the stress of hospitalization and surgery. Intervention: A 4-week prehabilitation program, including aerobic, resistance, and functional task training in a community-based physical therapy practice. Outcomes: Prehabilitation had a beneficial impact on improving functional mobility preoperatively (timed up-and-go test score improved from 19.4 to 10.0 s, five times sit-to-stand test score improved from 30.1 to 10.1 s, and two-minute walk test distance improved from 55.0 to 107.0 m). Surgery and postoperative recovery proceeded without complications. She achieved independent physical functioning on postoperative day 6 and was discharged home on postoperative day 12. Conclusion: Preoperative risk-assessment can support clinical decision-making in a high-risk patient opting for major abdominal surgery. Furthermore, a remarkable improvement in physical functioning can be achieved by community-based prehabilitation in a high-risk surgical patient.
Published: 2021

17. Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

Author: Stephen R Knight, Catherine A Shaw, Riinu Pius, Thomas M Drake, Lisa Norman, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Adewale O Adisa, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Sara W Al-Saqqa, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Aneel Bhangu, Bruce M Biccard, Peter Brocklehurst, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Kathryn Chu, Anna Dare, Muhammed Elhadi, Cameron J Fairfield, J Edward Fitzgerald, Dhruv Ghosh, James Glasbey, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, J.C. Allen Ingabire, T Peter Kingham, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Ismaïl Lawani, Bettina Lieske, Richard Lilford, Janet Martin, Kenneth A McLean, Rachel Moore, Dion Morton, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Faustin Ntirenganya, Francesco Pata, Thomas Pinkney, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Aya Riad, Hosni Khairy Salem, Joana Simões, Richard Spence, Neil Smart, Stephen Tabiri, Hannah Thomas, Thomas G Weiser, Malcolm West, John Whitaker, Ewen M Harrison, Arben Gjata, Maria Marta Modolo, Sebastian King, Erick Chan, Sayeda Nazmun Nahar, Ade Waterman, Dominique Vervoort, Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada, Bernardo De Azevedo, Ana Gabriela Figueiredo, Manol Sokolov, Venerand Barendegere, Gerald Ekwen, Arnav Agarwal, Qinyang Liu, Juan Camilo Correa, Kalisya Luc Malemo, Jacques Bake, Jakov Mihanovic, Kamila Kuncarová, Julius Orhalmi, Hosni Salem, Jyri Teras, Aristotelis Kechagias, Alexis P Arnaud, Judith Lindert, Vasileios Kalles, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Gustavo Recinos, Zsolt Baranyai, Basant Kumar, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Sanoop Koshy Zachariah, Philip Alexander, Sunil Kumar Venkatappa, C Pramesh, Radhian Amandito, Christina Fleming, Luca Ansaloni, Gianluca Pellino, Ahmed M. Altibi, Ibrahim Nour, Intisar Hamdun, Ali M. Ghellai, Donatas Venskutonis, Tomas Poskus, Justas Zilinskas, Precious Malemia, Yong Yong Tew, Elaine Borg, Sarah Ellul, fatima Zahraa Wafqui, David W Borowski, Anne Sophie van Dalen, Cameron Wells, Harissou Adamou, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Adewale Adisa, Kjetil Søreide, Sara Al Saqqa, Osaid Alser, Haya Tahboub, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Sebastian Shu Yip, Piotr Major, António Sampaio Soares, Matei Razvan Bratu, Andrey Litvin, Armen Vardanyan, JC Allen Ingabire, Ahmad Gudal, Naif Albati, Jovan Juloski, Miran Rems, Sarah Rayne, Stephanie Van Straten, Yoshan Moodley, Irene Ortega Vázquez, Jaime Ruiz-Tovar, Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake, Sujeewa Priyantha Bandara Thalgaspitiya, Omer Abdelbagi Omer, Anmar Homeida, Yucel Cengiz, Daniel Clerc, Muhammad Alshaar, Hanen Bouaziz, Yuksel Altinel, Matthew Doe, Maryna Freigofer, Ella Teasdale, Rakan Kabariti, Joshua Michael Clements, Stephen Richard Knight, Ahsan Ashfaq, Ijeoma Azodo, Gabriela Wagner, Ivan Trostchansky, Mayaba Maimbo, David Linyama, Helidon Nina, Amanda Zeko, Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Santiago Villalobos, Federico Carballo, Pablo Farina, Sebastian Guckenheimer, Marilla Dickfos, Ankit Ajmera, Chester Chong, Ralph Gourlay, Sikandar Hussaini, Yi Jia Lee, Adeeb Majid, Peter Martin, Rebecca Miles, Owen James Morris, Jamie Phua, William Ridley, Tarunpreet Saluja, Ryan Renxin Tan, Jen Teh, Anna Wells, Bharti Arora, Qaasim Dollie, Debbie Ho, Yanru Ma, Omattage Mahasha Perera, Anthony Truong, Amanda Caroline Dawson, Bryan Lim, Upuli Pahalawatta, Jacqueline Phan, Xiao-Ming Sarah Woon-Shoo-Tong, Andrea Yeoh, Lillian Charman, Andrew Drane, Sharon Laura, Charmaine Chu Wen Lo, Amy Mozes, Rita Poon, Hao Han Tan, Ellen Wall, Prakshi Chopra, Jasmine De Giovanni, Bal Dhital, Brian Draganic, Alexander Duller, Jonathan Gani, Yao Kuan Goh, Jun Young Jeong, Brendan McManus, Prakash Nagappan, Peter Pockney, Anya Rugendyke, Mahsa Sarrami, Stephen Smith, Vanessa Wills, Hsu Ven Wong, Geoffrey Ye, Geoffrey Zhang, Ethan Brooker, Daniel Feng, Bonnie Lau, Carlin Ngai, Sarah Birks, David Gyorki, Jaime Otero de Pablos, Ali Abbosh, Chris Gillespie, Ahmed Mahmoud, Bianca Kwan, Joshua Lawson, Andrea Warwick, Janne Bingham, Andrew J Cockbain, Nagendra Naidu Dudi-Venkata, Jordan Ellaby-Hall, Ben Finlay, Emily Humphries, Jade Pisaniello, Monique Pisaniello, Salma Salih, Tarik Sammour, Haidar Hadri Abd Wahab, April De Silva, Nicola Hayward, Kartik Iyer, Guy Maddern, Gian Andrea Prevost, Naga Annapureddy, Krishna Pranathi Settipalli, Jeremy Yeo, Lucy Hempenstall, Lily Pham, Shaun Purcell, Cherry Talavera, Ashish I Vaska, Gurpreet Chaggar, Phillip Chrapko, Annelise Cocco, Sarah Michelle Crystal Jade Coulter-Nile, Grahame Ctercteko, James French, Houchen Gong, Martijn Gosselink, Thuvarahan Jegathees, Ivan Jin, Michelle Kalachov, Kathryn Kiefhaber, Katherine Lee, Jason Luong, Steven Phan, Henry Pleass, Kelly Veale, Zhi Zeng, Angela Au, Ashe DeBiasio, Idy Deng, Jananee Myooran, Amrita Nair, Peter Stewart, Anton Stift, Lukas Walter Unger, Kerstin Wimmer, Nabila Ahmed, Syed Hasan, Saber Rahman, Margaret O'Shea, Greg Padmore, Adrian Peters, Pietro Perduca, Guenda Pulcina, Nicolas Tinton, Frederic Buxant, Elsa Dabin, Giulia Garofalo, Francis Dossou, Freddy Houehanou Rodrigue Gnangnon, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou, Pako Motlaleselelo, Omphile Tlhomelang, Igor Lima Buarque, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Aldo Vieira Barros, Ilia Batashki, Nikolai Damianov, Vladislav Stoyanov, Dragomir Dardanov, Svilen Maslyankov, Plamen Petkov, George Todorov, Evgeni Zhivkov, Aygulya Akisheva, Miguel Angel Castilla Moreno, Geno Genov, Ivelina Ilieva, Tsvetomir Ivanov, Martin Karamanliev, Azhar Khan, Emil Mitkov, Tsanko Yotsov, Boyko Atanasov, Nikolay Belev, Mihail Slavchev, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Elgan Jones, Simon Stock, Steve Kyota, James Brown, Tresor Mabanza K., Lemery Nigo Samuel, Chidi Otuneme, Ngwang Prosper, Franklin Umenze, Marylise Boutros, Natasha Caminsky, Sinziana Dumitra, Richard Garfinkle, Dominique Morency, Ebram Salama, Alexander Banks, Lorenzo Ferri, Haitian He, Amit Katz, Alexander Sender Liberman, Sarkis Meterissian, Allison Pang, Elena Parvez, Usmaan Hameed, Fahima Osman, Sangita Sequeira, Natalie Coburn, Alisha Jaffer, Paul Karanicolas, Matthew Mosseler, Reilly Musselman, Xinyuan Liu, Ching Wan Yip, Juan Sebastian Garces-Otero, Carolina Guzman, Sebastian Sierra, Andres Uribe Valencia, Paulo Andrés Cabrera Rivera, Saul Camelo, Andrea Gonzalez, Alejandro González-Orozco, Manuel Santiago Mosquera Paz, Carlos J- Perez Rivera, Felipe Gonzalez, Andres Isaza-Restrepo, Laura Nino- Torres, Natalia Arias Madrid, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Justin Tsandiraki, Damir Jemendžic, Branislav Kocman, Oliver Šuman, Renata Canic, Darko Jurišic, Ivana Karakas, Ana Krizanovic Rupcic, Vlatka Pitlovic, Josip Samardžic, Mario Kopljar, Ivan Bacic, Edgar Domini, Robert Karlo, Danijela Miljanic, Andrea Simic, Mariam Ahmed, Majdi Al Nassrallah, Rabiya Altaf, Talal Amjad, Ruba Eltoum, Heba Haidar, Alhassan Hassan, Omar Khalil, Marwan Qasem, Rommel Ramesh, Gautham Sajith, Maham Wisal, Jan Žatecký, Michele Bujda, Katerina Jirankova, Ales Paclik, Aya Abdallah, Mariam Abdulgawad Almogy, Esraa Ayman El-sawy, Ahmed Moustafa ElFayoumy, Nourhan Elghareeb, Nourhan Ahmed Esmat, Ahmed Fadel, Abdullah Habater, Heba Hamdy, Amr Hefni, Marwa Kamal, Norhan Mohamed Abobakr, Ahmed Sayed, Nancy Shaker, Ehab Taha, Hoda Tharwat, Omar Zakaria, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ali Al-Dhufri, Hamza S. Al-Himyari, Enas El sheikh, Asmaa Eldmaty, Aya Elkhalawy, Ahmed M.Elkhashen, Kithara Magdy, Safa Mostafa, Habib Doutoum Sadia, Mohamed mahmoud Saleh, Dina Samir, Mohamed Yahia Mohamed Ali, Mahmoud A. Nassar, Samar Abdelhady, Aly Abdelrazek, Israa Abdelsalam, Aya El-Sawy, Eman Essam, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Khaled Ghaly, Mohamed Hassabalnaby, Rana Masarani, Nourhan Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed Sabry, Menatalla Salem, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Diaaaldin Zahran, Moustafa Ramadan Abou El.soud, Esraa Tarek Badr, Hala Borham, Nehal Elmeslemany, Mohammad Elsayed, Fawzia Elsherif, Sara Eslam, Gehad Gaber, Sondos Ibrahim, Yara Kamh, Abdelrahman Mahmoud, Shimaa gamal Mohamed, Eman Morshedy, Cinderella Omar, Fatima Salem Soliman, Shaza Abdelkawy, Naglaa Abdelmohsen, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Ahmed Dahy, Norhan Gamal, Mohammed Gamal, Ahmad Hasan, Helal Hetta, Nehad Mousa, Mohamed Omar, Somia Rabie, Mahmoud Saad, Bakeer Saleh, Marwa Sayed Mohamed, Muhammad Shawqi, Heba Abdelhady Mousa, Mostafa Alnoury, Mohamed Elbealawy, Ahmed Elshafey, Muhammad Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, Mennatullah Ghonaim, Fawzy Hgag, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Morsy, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Ahmed Refaat, Hadeer Samir, Fatma Shahien, Mohamed Sobhy, Fathy Sroor, Esraa Abdellatif, Marina Adel, Amr Abdelghani Afifi, Eman Afifi, Marco Antaky, Amr Dawoud, Naira El Zoghby, Amira El-remaily, Ali Abdelazez Elzanfaly, Ahmed Gadallah, Fatma Alzahraa Gamal, Omar Hashem, Shrouk Medhat Youssef, Aliaa Muhammad Attyah, Malak Munir, Omar Shazly, Esraa Taha, Karim Wilson, Sawsan Adel, Asmaa Ali, Esraa Eid, Esraa Elhelow, Marwa Elmahdy, Bassant Elshatby, Amany Hossam el-din Zakaria, Ahmad Hossny, Eman Ibrahim, Ahmed M.Yonis, Maram Metwalli, Basant Yousry, Esraa Zid, Mina A Yacoub, Ahmed Abdelhakim, Nervana Abouelsoad, Mo'min Alkhatib, Ahmed Ashraf, Alaa Ashraf, Yasmin Elazab, Mahmoud Elfanty, Osama Elkabir, Mai Elsayed, Ahmed Elshimy, Hager Elsobky, John Eskander, Ahmed Gad, Ward Hamsho, Noura Khaled Abdelwahed, Menna Magdy, Dalia Moharam, Abeer Osama, Shereen Ramadan, Radwa Roum, Taqwa Sayed, Tarneem Shehada, Ahmed Mohy Zidan, Khalid Abbas, Amr Ali, Mohamed Attia, Mohamed Balata, Ayman El Nakeeb, Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed Elewaily, Ahmed Elfallal, Hossam Elfeki, Ahmed Elkhadragy, Sameh Emile, Helmy Ezzat, Hasnaa Hosni, Islam Mansour, Waleed Omar, Gehad Othman, Kareem Sadek, Mostafa Shalaby, Noura Shehab-Eldeen, Rawda Anas khalifa, Helmy Badr, Mostafa Eldeep, Ahmed Eldeep, Amany Eldoseuky mohammed, Salwa Khallaf, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Rokia Mahmoud, Pola Mikhail, Mahmoud Morsi, Sara Mowafy, Dina Raafat, Amina Safy, Marwa Sera, Ahmed shible Sera, Mostafa Salim Mohamed AbdAllah, Muhammad Abdelkader, Abdulrahman Osama Abdou, Ahmedgaber Ahmed, Shireen Gaafar, Fatma Ibrahim negm, Mina Lapic, Ahmed Maher, Hagar Mahmoud, Ahmed Mostafa, Mohamed Samir, Fatma Samy, Nourhan Semeda, Hind I. Shalaby, Alaa El-taweel, Ahmed Galal Elnagar, Ahmed Gamal Hemidan, Mohamed Hussein, Ahmed.A. Kandil, Mf Moawad, Ayat Allah Nasser Hamamah, Mostafa Soliman, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Noura Abdelmaksoud Tawakel, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelwahed, Alrawy Abdou, Khalid Atallah, Mohammed Yasser Elsherbeny, Eman Emara, Mohamed Hamdy, Omar Hamdy, Amira Haron, Salma Ismail, Islam Hany Metwally, Nihal Mohamed Hamed Elgaml, Ahmed Nassar, Basel Refky, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Saleh, Asmaa Yunes, Mai Zakaria, Mohammed Zuhdy, Notila Fayed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Sander Kütner, Priit Melnik, Indrek Seire, Toomas Ümarik, Eppu Ainoa, Verner Eerola, Hanna Koppatz, Laura Koskenvuo, Ville Sallinen, Sini Takala, Jevgeni Katunin, Arto Turunen, Niki Christou, Muriel Mathonnet, Vincent Lavoue, Krystel Nyangoh Timoh, Lucie Soulabaille, Romain Lesourd, Aude Merdrignac, Laurent Sulpice, Benoît André, Elodie Chantalat, Charlotte Vaysse, Bertrand Dousset, Sebastien Gaujoux, Gregory Martin, Octavian Clonda, Domantas Juodis, Klaus Kienle, Andras Mravik, Samuel Palmer, Gabor Szabadhegyi, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Solomon Gyabaah, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Nuhu Naabo, Atta Owusu senior, Joseph Yorke, Frank Owusu, Francis Abantanga, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Abdul-Jalilu Mohammed Muntaka, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Mohammed Sheriff, Paul M. Wondoh, Dimitrios Balalis, Dimitrios Korkolis, Georgios Gkiokas, Eirini Pantiora, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Argyrios Ioannidis, Konstantinos Konstantinidis, Sofia Konstantinidou, Nikolaos Machairas, Anna Paspala, Anastasia Prodromidou, Christos Chouliaras, Konstantinos Papadopoulos, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Ioannis Mamaloudis, George Tzovaras, Ioanna Akrida, Maria-Ioanna Argentou, Stylianos Germanos, Evangelos Iliopoulos, Ioannis Maroulis, George Skroubis, George Theofanis, Christos Chatzakis, Orestis Ioannidis, Lydia Loutzidou, Panagiotis Karathanasis, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Charalampos Theodoropoulos, Dimitrios Theodorou, Tania Triantafyllou, Zoe Garoufalia, Natasha Hasemaki, Michalis Kontos, Gregory Kouraklis, Stylianos Kykalos, Theodore Liakakos, Eustratia Mpaili, Alexandros Papalampros, Dimitrios Schizas, Athanasios Syllaios, Ekaterini Christina Tampaki, Antonios Tsimpoukelis, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Eirini Deskou, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Menelaos Zoulamoglou, Christos Anthoulakis, Michalis Margaritis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Veronica Campo, André Ceballos, Mario-Andrés Flores, Waleska Giron, Donghyun Ko, Gabriel Martinez, Verónica Rivera Lara, Nataly Rueda, Andres Sanchez, Jorge Carlos Guillermo Tejeda Garrido, Alvaro Eduardo Alvarez Rivera, Elvis Benjamin Bamaca Ixcajoc, Lilian Elizabeth Barreda Zelaya, Patricia Chacòn-Herrera, Ligia Margarita Corea Ruiz, Guillermo Echeverria-Davila, Mario Garcia, Danilo García, Edgar Fernando Gutiérrez Mayen, Noriega José, Nery Mazariegos, Diego Méndez, Michael Paniagua Espinoza, David Bardos, Marton Benke, Kristof Illes, Balint András Kokas, Réka Szabó, Akhila Appukuttan, Anjitha Asok, Vijaykumar D.k, Kapil Malik, Praveen Ravishankaran, Ritesh Tapkire, Guru Moorthy, Joyner Abraham, Ramesh Muthuvel, John Alapatt, Abhay Kattepur, Nizamudheen Pareekutty, Mebanshanbor Garod, Caleb Harris, Cliff Wanniang, Ashish Gupta, Deepak Nehra, Sanjeev Parshad, Rajgopal Acharya, Rajendra Badwe, Manish Bhandare, Urvashi Jain, Karishma Kirti, Nita Nair, Shailesh Shrikhande, Purvi Thakkar, Premkumar Anandan, Archana C S, Arun Holenarasipur Narasannaiah, Tejaswi Jagarlamudi, Rashmi M R, Mallikarjuna Manangi, Abhishek Raghavendra, K. Seshagiri Rao, Vinay S, Vinay Sajjan, Aneesh Shenoy, Santhosh Shivashankar Chikkanayakanahalli, Kavya Tharanath, Sushmita V, Peter Adidharma, Raksheeth Agarwal, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Ghafur Rasyid Arifin, Matthew Billy, Zatira Elfizri, Alessa Fahira, Devi Felicia, Triana Hardianti Gunardi, Nadya Johanna, Nadia Rahmadiani Nugrahadi, Sonar Soni Panigoro, Siti Rahmayanti, Retta Catherina Sihotang, Santi Yuanita Brata, Hadi Winoto, Nastaran Barati, Manoochehr Karami, Hamidreza Khorshidi, Homa Naderifar, Mazin A. Abdulla, Maggie Coleman, Ronan J Doherty, Rob Hannon, Brenda Murphy, Aine Stakelum, Des Winter, Lylas Aljohmani, Richard Farnan, Yeshey Seldon, Tanna Tan, Shriya Varghese, Mohammad Alherz, Muaaz Ather, Mohammad Bajilan, Vivien Graziadei, Isobel Pilkington, Omar Quidwai, Paul Ridgway, Haaris Shiwani, Abd al-Rahman Tahir, Eimear Blunnie, Daniel Burke, Niall Kennedy, Kate Macdonagh, Maeve O'Neill, Siobhan Rooney, Giuseppe Falco, Guglielmo Ferrari, Simone Mele, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Lara Ugoletti, Maurizio Zizzo, Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti, Fulvio Tagliabue, Gianluca Baronio, Deborah Ongaro, Giacomo Pata, Bruno Compagnoni, Renato Salvadori, Lucio Taglietti, Nicola D'Alessandro, Pierpaolo Di Lascio, Giovanni Pascale, Luca Bortolasi, Tommaso Campagnaro, Massimo Carlini, Giorgio Lisi, Davide Lombardi, Corrado Pedrazzani, Domenico Spoletini, Giulia Turri, Paola Violi, Donato Francesco Altomare, Fabrizio Aquilino, Nicola Musa, Vincenzo Papagni, Arcangelo Picciariello, Leonardo Vincenti, Dario Andreotti, Savino Occhionorelli, Matteo Tondo, Stefano Maria Massimiliano. Basso, Riccardo Cirelli, Marco Enrico Mario Maino, Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Emanuele Picone, Rosa Scaramuzzo, Giovanni Sinibaldi, Alfonso Amendola, Lorenzo Anastasio, Luigi Bucci, Emanuele Caruso, Antonio Castaldi, Sara Di Maso, Vincenza Paola Dinuzzi, Giovanni Esposito, Maria Gaudiello, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Paola Antonella Greco, Gaetano Luglio, Andrea Manfreda, Ester Marra, Federica Mastella, Gianluca Pagano, Roberto Peltrini, Vincenzo Pepe, Michele Sacco, Viviana Sollazzo, Giovanni Spiezio, Ettore Cianchetti, Nunzia Menduni, Michele Maria Carvello, Francesca Di Candido, Antonino Spinelli, Fabio Corsi, Luca Sorrentino, Fabio Marino, Emanuele Luigi Giuseppe Asti, Luigi Bonavina, Emanuele Rausa, Martina Asta, Andrea Belli, Francesco Bianco, Carmela Cervone, Paolo Delrio, Armando Falato, Andrea Fares Bucci, Rita Guarino, Ugo Pace, Daniela Rega, Emilia De Luca, Gaetano Gallo, Giuseppe Sammarco, Giuseppe Sena, Giuseppina Vescio, Letizia Santandrea, Giampaolo Ugolini, Davide Zattoni, Nicola Chetta, Gaetano Logrieco, Serafino Vanella, Gianluca Garulli, Nicola Zanini, Andrea Bondurri, Francesco Cammarata, Francesco Colombo, Diego Foschi, Giulia Maria Beatrice Lamperti, Anna Maffioli, Gianluca Matteo Sampietro, Al'ona Yakushkina, Gloria Zaffaroni, Enrico Cicuttin, Maria Grazia Sibilla, Harmony Impellizzeri, Marco Inama, Gianluigi Moretto, Sylvie Mochet, Elisa Ponte, Antonella Usai, Stefano Mancini, Andrea Sagnotta, Luigi Solinas, Elisa Bolzonaro, Nicolò Tamini, Gianluca Curletti, Raffaele Galleano, Michele Malerba, Sofia Campanella, Gianfranco Cocorullo, Francesco Colli, Paolino De Marco, Nicolò Falco, Tommaso Fontana, Leonel jospin Kamdem Mambou, Antonella La Brocca, Leo Licari, Brenda Randisi, Giovanna Rizzo, Giulia Rotolo, Giuseppe Salamone, Roberta Tutino, Paolina Venturelli, Stefano Malabarba, Alessandro Sgrò, Ivan Vella, Bruno Cirillo, Daniele Crocetti, Giorgio De Toma, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Andrea Mingoli, Paolo Sapienza, Angela Belvedere, Stefania Bianchini, Margherita Binetti, Arianna Birindelli, Valeria Tonini, Mauro Podda, Fabio Pulighe, Michele De Rosa, Lorenzo Bono, Felice Borghi, Paolo Geretto, Maria Carmela Giuffrida, Corrado Lauro, Alessandra Marano, Luca Pellegrino, Paola Salusso, Diego Sasia, Michela Campanelli, Alberto Realis Luc, Mario Trompetto, Roberto Cardia, Nicola Cillara, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Antonio Costanzo, Mario Alessandro Giovilli, Luca Turati, Silvestro Canonico, Guido Sciaudone, Francesco Selvaggi, Lucio Selvaggi, Nader Albsoul, Ahmad AlBsoul, Ala'a Aldeen Alkhatib, Osama Alsallaq, Justin Z. Amarin, Rami Ayoub, Isam Bsisu, M S El Muhtaseb, Mohammad Jabaiti, Jamal Melhem, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Mohammad Hasan Salameh, Ahmad Suleihat, Haya H. Suradi, Mohammad Alammarin, Almoutuz Aljaafreh, Mohammad Bani hani, Zeina Bani hani, Farah Bani Hani, Toqa Fahmawee, Shadi Hamouri, Cyrine Katanani, Ra'fat Tawalbeh, Tamara Tawalbeh, Hassan Zawahrah, Mohamad K. Abou Chaar, Lana Abusalem, Mahmoud Al-Masri, Hani Al-Najjar, Lutfi Barghuthi, Zahra Ahmed, Adnan Maulana, Omar Ngotho, Charbel Kamau, Aruyaru Stanley Mwenda, Fridah Bosire, Elizabeth Mwachiro, Robert Parker, Ian Simel, Kimutai Sylvester, Abdulmunem Ahmed Mustafa Althini, Sofian Elbarouni, Aya Elseed Elbeshina, Ahmed Gwea, Ans Malek, Wedad Albashir Masoud Farag, Abdulwahab Abdalei, Abu Baker Abdel Malik, Areej Abo-khammash, Ma'aly Abuhlaiga, Nour Adnan, Marwa Albaggar, Asma Alfitory, Asma Aljanfi, Fakhruddin Almuzghi, Zohoor Altumei, Fatima Alzabti, Hana Ashoushan, Mohamed Assalhi, Joma Azzubia, Sondos Bnhameida, Malik Delhen, Houssein Elshafei, Hana Elteir, Fatima Esbaga, Abdel Aziz Gobbi, Fatma Hamouda, Hamdan Hilan, Rania Ismail, Fieruz Jebran, Muataz Kasbour, Galia Maderi, Saja Mohammad, Burooj Mohammed, Habib Murtadi, Hamassat Mustafa, Mohamed Rajab, Sarah Trenba, Mariam Wafaa, Eman Al Sagheir, Alabas Almigheerbi, Ahmed Alzahaf, Sumayyah Ghayth Bahroun, Najah Ben Dallah, Mahmoud Elshaibani, Haitem Eswaye, Maha Karar, Samah Omar, Eman Younes, Maha Younes, Dafer Zreeg, Saleh Abujamra, Firas Ashour, Mala Elgammudi, Wesal Omar F. Aljadidi, Enas Saddouh, Randa Sharif, Aya Alabuzidi, AbdulMawlay Alwerfally, Sarra Aribi, Fatma Bibas, Taha Elfaituri, Yasmine Elhajjaji, Ala Khaled, Wegdan Khalil, Tesneem Layas, Enas Soula, Ahmed Tarek, Muad fathi khalleefah Abu hallalah, Hazem Abdelkarem Ahmed, Tagwa Alsharef, Abdulsalam Ali Ben Saoud, Tasnim El Gharmoul, Ahmed Elhadi, Safa Elrais, Abdulhalim Shebani, Heba Zarti, Asaid Zeiton, Marijus Ambrazevicius, Nerijus Kaselis, Migle Stakyte, Oleg Aliosin, Agne Cizauskaite, Sarunas Dailidenas, Vitalijus Eismontas, Migle Kybransiene, Vitalija Nutautiene, Narimantas Samalavicius, Dainius Simcikas, Algirdas Slepavicius, Albinas Tamosiunas, Nerijus Ubartas, Paulius Zeromskas, Saulius Bradulskis, Edvinas Dainius, Juozas Juocas, Egle Kubiliute, Juozas Kutkevicius, Aurimas Opolskis, Audrius Parseliunas, Andrejus Subocius, Egle Virbickaite, Diana Zuikyte, Algirdas Bogusevicius, Kristina Buzaite, Daiva Cepuliene, Ieva Cesleviciene, Vaidotas Cesna, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Povilas Ignatavicius, Mantas Jokubauskas, Monika Liugailaite, Ernest Margelis, Ruta Mazelyte, Lina Pankratjevaite, Matas Pažusis, Agne Rackeviciute, Justina Saladyte, Monika Škimelyte, Vygintas Šlenfuktas, Monika Sudeikyte, Algimantas Tamelis, Tomas Vanagas, Žygimantas Žumbakys, Aivaras Atkociunas, Audrius Dulskas, Justas Kuliavas, Justas Birutis, Sigitas Paškevicius, Mindaugas Šatkauskas, Donatas Danys, Matas Jakubauskas, Lina Jakubauskiene, Marius Kryzauskas, Vytautas Lipnickas, Gabija Makunaite, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Herizo Rasolofonarivo, Luc Hervé Samison, Bitiel Banda, Vanessa Msosa, Ahmad Imran Ahmad Izzuddin, Andre Das, Ying Yee Gan, Tan Shong Sheng, Jia yng Siaw, Mohd Fadliyazid Ab Rahim, Dyg Zahratul Hamrak Abang Jamari, Nurfariza Che Husin, Muhd Yusairi Kamarulzaman, Yi Ping Lim, Nil Amri Mohamed Kamil, Mohd Razeen Mohd Hassan, Saidah Mohd Sahid, Johari Mustafa, Elaine Hui Been Ng, Wan Khamizar Wan Khazim, Ng Chang Ern, P.g. Lingeshan, Syariz Ezuan Sulaiman, Sue Ean Ang, Muhammad Navid Bin Mohamad Sithik, Yih Jeng Cheong, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Law Jia Xian, Aravinthan Kadravello, I-Ern Koh, Li-Yen Ng, Yuki Julius Ng We Yong, Kandasami Palayan, Chi Xuan Sam, Phuah Siow Jin, Jeremy Tan Ern Hwei, Yita Tang, Alvin Zubin Ter, Michael Pak-Kai Wong, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Zaidi Zakaria, Fitjerald Henry, Thyivya Kalaiselvan, Muhammad Fairuz Shah Abd Karim, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Nora Abdul Aziz, Tak Loon Khong, Peng Choong Lau, Hiong Chin Lim, April Camilla Roslani, Jonathan Chen Ken Seak, Sui-Weng Wong, Lai Fen Wong, Leow Yeen Chin, Mercy Chinemerem Anyanwu, Zachary Busuttil, Thomas Calleja, Kurt Lee Chircop, Ruth Cutajar, Andrew Michael Dimech, Joseph Galea, Kiara Gascon Perai, Ruth Gatt, Lisa Kelman, Elizabeth Micallef, Favour Nwolu, Kim Sammut, Joanna Thompson, Sean Warwicker, Matthew Zammit, Fernando Cordera, Efraín Cruz González, Jorge Sánchez-García, Francisco José Barbosa Camacho, Francisco Javier Barrera López, Carlos Jose Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle, Eric Acosta, Iván Romarico González Espinoza, Perla Moreno, Ana Olivia Cortes-Flores, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Samantha Corro Díaz González, Laura Martinez, Bonifacio Mosqueda Amador, Armando Novoa, Dennet Arturo Olazo Espejo, Alejandro Jimenez, Federico Lopez Rosales, Elva Gabriela Vanoye, Luis Alberto Garcia Gonzalez, Roberto Carlos Miranda-Ackerman, Manuel Solano-Genesta, Alethia Alvarez-Cano, Hector Hugo Romero-Garza, Heriberto Medina-Franco, Lorelí Mejía-Fernández, Noel Salgado-Nesme, Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Guadalupe Montserrat Gutiérrez-Mota, Francisco Xavier Hernandez Vera, Anabella Llantada Lopez, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Felipe de Jesus Ramirez Padilla, Walezka Tapia Marin, Mónica Martínez Maldonado, Ramses Sánchez Suárez, José Manuel Troche, Chaymae Benyaiche, Oumaima Outani, Souadka Amine, Amine Benkabbou, Anass Mohammed Majbar, Raouf Mohsine, Ali Rafik, Thida Oung, Moe Moe Tin, Philipp Plarre, Anna Alberga, Nina Sluiter, Jurriaan Tuynman, Robin Blok, Didem Cömert, Roel Hompes, Marianne Kalff, Merel Elisabeth Stellingwerf, Pieter Tanis, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Elise Maria van Praag, Daan Wisselink, Michael Gerhards, Josephine Lopes Cardozo, Emma Westerduin, Joske de Jonge, Aaw van Geloven, Kaz van Schilt, Frank den Boer, Simone Stoots, Stijn Vlek, Jamie Adams, Ibrahim S. Al-Busaidi, Gabrielle Budd, Seung il Choi, Michael Jen Jie Chu, Anurag Ganugapati, Lucy McKinstry, Rebecca Pascoe, Simon Richards, Kenrick Rosser, Annie Stevenson, Rebecca White, Shebani Farik, Jin Kwun, Ahmed Murad, Sarah Cowan, Timothy Hall, Michael Hayton, Laminou Malam Sani, Souleymane Oumarou Garba, Ibrahim Amadou Magagi, Oumarou Habou, Halima Aliyu, Muhammad Daniyan, Tunde T. Sholadoye, Lawal Abdullahi, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Aminu Mohammad Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Abdurrahman Abba Sheshe, Ibrahim Suleiman, Alaba Adesina, Ajibola Awolowo, Clement Onuoha, Omotayo Salami, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Agboola Taiwo, Stephen Kache, Jerry Godfrey Makama, Danjuma Sale, Olajide Abiola, Akinlabi Ajao, Anthony Ajiboye, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Julius Olaogun, Ademola Adebanjo, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Michael Olatunji Afolayan, Olanrewaju Balogun, Ayomide Makanjuola, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Wale Ojewola, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdul-Rashid Adesunkanmi, Augustine Agbakwuru, Adeleke Akeem Aderogba, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Olukayode Arowolo, Oladejo Lawal, Tajudeen Mohammed, Chinedu Ndegbu, Olalekan Olasehinde, Funmilola Wuraola, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Arinzechukwu Mosanya, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Samuel Ali SANI, Stephen Garba, Rebecca Hauwa SANI, Samson Olori, Henry Onyebuashi, Ifeanyi Umoke, Adedire Adenuga, Ademola Adeyeye, Olufemi Habeeb, Bashir Lawal, Abdulrasheed Nasir, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Didrik Kjønås, Elisabeth Myrseth, Jibran Abbasy, Abdul Alvi, Omair Saleem, Asma Afzal, Anam Nazir, Muhammad Farooq, Ayesha Liaqat, Syed Asghar Naqi, Ali Raza, Muzna Sarfraz, Muhammad Sarwar, Muntaha Banglani, Ambreen Munir, Rahmat Sehrish, Bushra Ayub, Raza Sayyed, Amna Altaf, Saima Ayub, Komal Saeed, Bilal Syed, Sana Amir Akbar, Abdul Wahid Anwer, Ruqayya Naheed Khan, Amina Iqbal Khan, Shahid Khattak, Sameen Mohtasham, Muhammad Asad Parvaiz, Aamir Ali Syed, Abdul Basit Ansari, Noman Shahzad, Tanwir Khaliq, Isbah Rashid, Shahzad Hussain Waqar, Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Amjad Abu Alqumboz, Mohammad Alqadi, Adham Amro, Rawan Assa, Eman Awesat, Rawan Ayyad, Mohammed Hammad, Ayat Haymony, Bassel Hijazi, Bara Hmeidat, Rowaa Lahaseh, Aseel Qawasmi, Alaa Rajabi, Mohammed Shehada, Sundus Shkokani, Yasmine Yaghi, Nadine Yaghi, Mohammad AlZohour, Mohammad Farid, Yousef Mahmoud Habes, Wesam Juba, Yanal Nubani, Abdelrahman Rabee, Mohammad Sa'deh, Saeed Abed, Iyad Al basos, Mohammad Alswerki, Dina Ashour, Israa Awad, Samar Diab, Alaa El Jamassi, Sahar El-Kahlout, Somaya Elhout, Ahmed N K Hajjaj, Doaa Hasanain, Baraa Nabil hajjaj, Mohammed Obaid, Eman Saikaly, Ahmed Salhi, Hiba Al-Tammam, Murad Almasri, Muath Baniowda, Doha Beshtawi, Ali Horoub, Rami Misk, Bayan Mohammad, Rami Qasrawi, Tasnim Sholi, Samar Abu-Nimeh, Abrar Abu-srour, Sadi A. Abukhalaf, Samer Adawi, Barah Alsalameh, Kholoud Ayesh, Muawiyah Elqadi, Ahmad Hammouri, Fatima Karim Mustafa, Natalie Marzouqa, Shatha Melhem, Dima Miqdad, Balqees Mohamad, Mhammed Rawhi, Ayman B. Abu Ahammala, Ahmed Abu Ataya, Israa Abu Jayyab, Samar Al-Shwaikh, Othman Alagha, Mohammed Alasttal, Haneen Awadallah, Mahmood Elblbessy, Jehad Fares, Akram Jarbou, Ibtisam Mahfouz, Moath A. Albahnasawi, Asmaa' Abo mahadi, Hasan Abuelhatal, Ayham Abuelqomboz, Abdelrahman Almoqayyad, Abdallah Alwali, Reem Balaawi, Mahmoud Hamouda, Mohammed Humeid, Abdullah Jedyan, Tasneem Mahmoud Abu hamam, Ghadeer Matar, Ali Salem, Tahani Samra, Nureddin Shaheen, Karam Shihada, Ayoob A.Nemer, Mahmoud Abu Al Amrain, Abdulwhhab Abu Alamrain, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Mohammed R. Abu-Rous, Nada Alfarra, Mohammed AlTaweel, Noor Alwhaidi, Ramadan Hamed, Bader Saqqa, Ahmad Shaheen, Dana Aljaber, Loay Aljaberi, Malak Alwaheidi, Assef Jawaada, Hani Khaldi, Rami Qahoush, Jalil Qari, Rana Saadeh, Ahlam Salim, Aseel Yacoub, Abbas Abbas, Rana Abu shua`ib, Baraa Abu Zainah, Mahmoud AbuSirrees, Basheer Babaa, Ola Barhoush, Asef Belal qadomi, Laith Daraghmeh, Reema Haji, Alaa Khatatbeh, Lana Khatib, Salsabeel Qarariah, Yara Quzmar, Khalil Safadi, Roqaya Salameh, Mohammad Hassan, Shifaa Herzallah, Loai Massad, Ahmed Nazzal, Ranin Nazzal, Dennis Escobar, Gustavo Miguel Machain V, Agustin Rodriguez Gonzalez, Jorge Emerson Chachaima Mar, Nathaly Olga Chinchihualpa Paredes, Vicente Cuba, Walter Lopez, Maria Milagros Niquen Jimenez, Nestor Alberto Sanchez Bartra, Olenka Sapallanay Ojeda, Diego Sequeiros, Andrea Toscano Pacheco, María Vergara, Sol Abarca, Rodrigo Alcorta, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Ivan Edward Eusebio Zegarra, Claudia Luján López, Mirella Marrufo, Cinthya Mogrovejo, Andrea Nomura, Yamile Rodríguez Angeles, Maitza Rosario Vidal Meza, Gabriela Zavala, José Neiser Castillo Arrascue, Jomara Caroline Hidrogo Cabrera, José Julio Mariano Larrea vera, Miguel Osorio, Edgar Alcides Ylatoma Díaz, Mark Anthony Fontanilla, Joseph Roy Fuentes, Anna Leah Salazar, Genieve Dominguez, Marc Paul Lopez, Shiela Macalindong, Mark Augustine Onglao, Arjel Ramirez, Marie Dione Sacdalan, Mayou Martin Tampo, Gemma Leonora Uy, Jeremiah Mangahas, Kenneth Yabut, Joannes Paul Cañete, Bernalynn Eris Cansana, Ernes John Castro, Maria Kaiserin Lipana, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Vlu Jean Zara, Maciej Chrol, Paula Franczak, Michal Orlowski, Piotr Budzynski, Andrzej Budzynski, Pawel Bury, Agata Czerwinska, Jadwiga Dworak, Jacek Dziedzic, Michal Kisielewski, Jan Kulawik, Anna Lasek, Piotr Malczak, Marcin Migaczewski, Michal Pedziwiatr, Magdalena Pisarska, Dorota Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Anna Rzepa, Tomasz Skoczylas, Maciej Stanek, Katarzyna Truszkiewicz, Mateusz Wierdak, Marek Winiarski, Piotr Zarzycki, Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka, Piotr Kowalewski, Rafal Roszkowski, Maciej Waledziak, Miguel Tomé, Sara Patrocinio, Ines Guerreiro, Filipe Almeida, Xavier de Sousa, Nuno Monteiro, Maria Teresa Costa Santos, Daniela de Oliveira, Marta Lopes Serra, Daniela Morgado, Christian Neves, Ana Carolina Oliveira, Alice Pimentel, Sofia Silva, Márcia Carvalho, Lúcia Carvalho, Joana Magalhães, Leonor Matos, Tânia Monteiro, Carlota Ramos, Vanessa Santos, José Barbosa, Jose Costa-Maia, Vítor Devezas, Ana Fareleira, Cristina Fernandes, Diana Gonçalves, Henrique Mora, Marina Morais, Fabiana Silva de Sousa, Sara Catarino Santos, Ana Logrado, André Tojal, Edgar Amorim, Miguel F. Cunha, Ana Fazenda, João Pedro Melo Neves, Inês Isabel Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Diogo Veiga, José Azevedo, Hugo Cardoso Louro, Mariana Leite, Maria Bairos Menezes, Bárbara Gama, Diana Brito, Marta Cristina Cruz Martins, André Graça e Magalhães, Ana Catarina Longras, Rita Lourenço, Diana Matos, Luis Castro, Filipa Policarpo, Joana Romano, Cristina Monteiro, Diogo Pinto, Marina Duarte, Sónia Fortuna Martins, Mariline Oliveira, Diogo Galvão, Lisandra Martins, Anaisa Silva, Viorel Taranu, Bárbara Vieira, Jessica Neves, Simone Oliveira, Hugo Ribeiro, Margarida Cinza, Rosa Felix, Arnaldo Machado, Joana Oliveira, Joana Patrício, Rita Pedroso de Lima, Mário Pereira, Miguel Rocha Melo, Cristina Velez, Alberto Abreu da Silva, Mariana Claro, Daniel Costa Santos, Andreia Ferreira, Hugo Capote, Daniela Rosado, Filipa Taré, Oriana Nogueira, Miguel Ângelo, José Miguel Baiao, Andreia Guimarães, João Marques, Miguel Nico Albano, Marta Silva, Ana Valente da Costa, Teresa Vieira Caroço, Sara Almeida Braga, Ines Capunge, Marta Fragoso, João Guimarães, Bruno Pinto, João Ribeiro, Miguel Angel, Guilherme Fialho, Monica Guerrero, Filipa Campos Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Magda Alves, Inês Estalagem, Tiago Louro, Cláudia Marques, Rita Martelo, Miguel Morgado, Rita Canotilho, Ana Margarida Correia, Pedro Martins, Mariana Peyroteo, João Gomes, Rita Monteiro, Manuela Romano, Daniela Macedo Alves, Rita Peixoto, Catarina Quintela, Maria João Jervis, Débora Melo, André Pacheco, Valter Paixão, Vera Pedro, Joana Pimenta, João Pimenta de Castro, Ana Rocha, Mircea Beuran, Cezar Ciubotaru, Bogdan Diaconescu, Sorin Hostiuc, Ionut Negoi, Bogdan Stoica, NA NA, Evgeny Anokhin, Georgy Kuznetsov, Giorgi Oganezov, Fedor Paramzin, Ekaterina Romanova, Valeryan Rutkovskii, Vasilii Rutkovskii, Mikhail Shushval, Mikhail Zabiyaka, Khasan Dzhumabaev, Valerii Ivanov, Zaman Mamedli, Sergey Achkasov, Artem Balkarov, Elnur Nabiev, Marat Nagudov, Evgeny Rybakov, Karina Saifutdinova, Oleg Sushkov, Lule Joseph, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Ntirenganya Faustin, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Vizir J.P Nsengimana, Carine Uwakunda, Mohammad Monir Abbas, Nouf Akeel, Murad Aljiffry, Kholoud Awaji, Ali Farsi, Ghader Jamjoum, Ahmad Khoja, Ashraf Maghrabi, Nadim Malibary, Mohammed Nassif, Abdulaziz Saleem, Abdullah Sultan, Wail Tashkandi, Hanaa Tashkandi, Nora Trabulsi, Mouhamadou Bachir Ba, Adja Coumba Diallo, Abdourahmane Ndong, Vladica Cuk, Uroš Jankovic, Sharon Zhiling Koh, Frederick Koh, Kuok Chung Lee, Kai Yin Lee, Sean Lee, Wei Qi Leong, Su Ann Lui, Prajwala Prakash, Jan Grosek, Gregor Norcic, Ales Tomazic, Nicolas Fitchat, Robert Jaich, Devorah Wineberg, Modise Zacharia Koto, Daniella Baiocchi, Damian Clarke, Christina Johanna Steenkamp, Sharon Bannister, Adam Boutall, Galya Chinnery, Anna Coccia, Angela Dell, Parveen Karjiker, Christo Kloppers, Nicholas Loxton, Tumi Mabogoane, Francois Malherbe, Eugenio Panieri, Shreya Rayamajhi, Tirsa van Wyngaard, Claire Warden, T E Madiba, Nivashen Pillay, Savannah Brooks, Charlise Kruger, Lisa Hannah Van Der Merwe, Ferhana Gool, Maahir Kariem, Heather Bougard, Nazmie Kariem, Fazlin Noor, Reantha Pillay, Leandi Steynfaardt, Lucía González González, José Miguel Marín Santos, Paula Martín-Borregón, Javier Martínez Caballero, Cristina Nevado García, Pastora Rodriguez Fraga, Gonzalo De Castro Parga, Maria Pilar Fernández Veiga, Lucía Garrido López, Hugo Infante Pino, Irene Lages Cal, Marta López Otero, Manuel Nogueira Sixto, Marta Paniagua García Señorans, Laura Rodríguez Fernández, Alejandro Ruano Poblador, Erika Rufo Crespo, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Vincenzo Vigorita, Ester Alonso Batanero, Dorisme Asnel, Isabel Cifrian Canales, Elisa Contreras Saiz, Irene De Santiago Alvarez, Tamara Díaz Vico, Sebastian Fernandez Arias, Daniel Fernández Martínez, Carmen García Bernardo, Luis Joaquín García Flórez, Carmen Garcia Gutierrez, Manuel García Munar, Carlos Alberto Márquez Zorrilla Molina, Marta Merayo, José Luis Michi Campos, Maria Moreno Gijon, Jorge L. Otero-Diez, Jose Luis Rodicio Miravalles, Lorena Solar-Garcia, Aida Suárez Sánchez, Nuria Truan, Cristina Alejandre Villalobos, Yurena Caballero Díaz, Marta Jimenez, Dacil Montesdeoca, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, Victor Vega, Juan Beltrán de Heredia, Zahira Gómez, Carlos Jezieniecki, Ana Patricia Legido Morán, Mario Montes-Manrique, Mario Rodriguez-Lopez, María Ruiz Soriano, Jeancarlos Trujillo Díaz, Andrea Vazquez Fernandez, Nuria Argudo, Miguel Pera, Laia Torrent Jansà, Melody García Domínguez, Ignacio Goded, Marta Roldón Golet, Issa Talal El-Abur, Alejandra Utrilla Fornals, Vanesa Zambrana Campos, Maria Del Mar Aguilar Martinez, Marina Bosch, Luis García-Catalá, Luis Sánchez-Guillén, Eva Artigau, Nuria Gomez Romeu, David Julià Bergkvist, Beatriz Espina Perez, Olga Morató, Carles Olona, Beatriz Diéguez, Alexander Forero-Torres, Manuel Losada, Segundo Gomez-Abril, Paula Gonzálvez, Rosario Martinez, Sergio Navarro Martínez, Carmen Payá-Llorente, Álvaro Pérez Rubio, Sandra Santarrufina Martinez, Juan Carlos Sebastián Tomás, Ramon Trullenque Juan, Alberto Gegúndez Simón, Paloma Maté, Maria Isabel Prieto-Nieto, Ines Rubio-Perez, Aitor Urbieta, Marina Vicario Bravo, David Abelló, Matteo Frasson, Alvaro Garcia-Granero, Alfredo Abad Gurumeta, Ane Abad-Motos, Elena Lucena-de Pablo, Beatriz Nozal, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, Rut Salvachúa, Esther Ferrero, Luis Garcia-Sancho Tellez, Antonio L. Picardo, Jose Alberto Rojo López, Laura Patricia Zorrilla Matilla, Carmen Cagigas Fernandez, Sonia Castanedo Bezanilla, José Estevez Tesouro, Maria Jose Fernandez-Diaz, Juan García Cardo, Marcos Gomez Ruiz, Erik Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, Jaime Jimeno Fraile, Cristobal Poch, Montserrat Rodriguez-Aguirre, Noemí Troche Pesqueira, Maria Soledad Trugeda-Carrera, Javier de la Torre, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Eloy Espin-Basany, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Clara Morales Comas, Eduardo Reyes Afonso, Joaquín Rivero Déniz, Christian Siso Raber, Mireia Verdaguer Tremolosa, Pramodh Chandrasinghe, Sumudu Kumarage, Nimeshi Wijekoon Arachchilage, Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, Mohammed A. Adam, Nina Blomme, Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen, Andreas Älgå, Dhirar Ansarei, Fuat Celebioglu, Göran Heinius, Linda Nigard, Emil Pieniowski, Sandra Ahlqvist, Ida Björklund, Andreas Frånberg, Martina Håkansson, Karin Adamo, Oskar Franklin, Malin Sund, Rebecca Wiberg, Yvette Andersson, Abbas Chabok, Maziar Nikberg, Alexander Kugelberg, Claudia Canonica, Dimitrios Christoforidis, Fabrizio Fasolini, Paolo Gaffuri, Mauro Giuliani, Francesco Meani, Sotirios Georgios Popeskou, Silvia Pozza, Wiebke Wandschneider, Lorenz Peterer, Lukas Werner Widmer, Bernd Zimmermann, Panagiotis Bakoleas, Iris Chanousi, Lydia Charalampidou, Lukasz Filip Grochola, Franziska Heid, Sotirios Ntaoulas, Michail Outos, Georgios Peros, Hanna Podolska-Skoczek, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Christian Zielasek, Nicolas Demartines, Jérôme Gilgien, Amaniel Kefleyesus, Pénélope St-Amour, Arnaud Toussaint, Maryam Alhimyar, Bayan Alsaid, Amr Alyafi, Ahmad Alkhaledi, Basel Kouz, Ahmad Omarain, Yusra Al-Sabbagh, Haya Alkhatib, Samer Sara, Ahmad Alhaj, Aghyad Danial, Lama Kadoura, Sarah Maa Albared, Yamen Monawar, Louei Nahas, Barook Abd, Ahmad Saad, Habib Wakkaf, Hatem Bouzaiene, Montassar Ghalleb, Elif Akaydin, Ata Cem Akbaba, Onur Atakul, Ege Baltaci, Sevval Besli, Gökçen Burgu, Ulukan Cenal, Cansu de Muijnck, Hasan Can Demirkaya, Alper Dogruoz, Zeynep Ipek Gezer, Yasemin Gündogdu, Merve Kara, Hasan Kürsad Korkmaz, Gökalp Kagan Kurtoglu, Volkan Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Ahmet Murat Pektas, Eda Kübra Sel, Nilüfer Yenidünya, Fuat Baris Bengur, Berke Mustafa Oral, Tahir Koray Yozgatli, Seymur Abdullayev, Mehmet Emin Gunes, Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Tuba Banaz, Kübra Kargici, Omer Faruk Kuyumcu, Erkan Yanikoglu, Merve Yesilsancak, Duygu Yilmaz, Melik Kagan Aktas, Ahmet Rencuzogullari, Arda Isik, Sezai Leventoglu, Ali Yalçinkaya, Osman Yüksel, Mustafa U Kalayci, Yasin Kara, Inanc Samil Sarici, Alp Akin, Gökçe nur Alemdag, Ekin Arslan, Bahadir Emre Baki, Muhammed Selim Bodur, Adnan Calik, Bahar Candas Altinbas, Irem Cihanyurdu, Oguz Erkul, Burak Gül, Ali Guner, Beyza Köse, Anil Semiz, Sule Sevim, Serkan Tayar, Kadir Tomas, Ozan yavuz Tüfek, Serdar Türkyilmaz, Mehmet Ulusahin, Arif Usta, Reyyan Yildirim, Sertaç Ata Güler, Ozan Can Tatar, Ecenur Varol, Busenur Kirimtay, Muhammed Uysal, Alp Yildiz, Emin Kose, Ahmet Burak Ciftci, Elif Çolak, Huseyin Eraslan, Gultekin Ozan Kucuk, Kürsat Yemez, Herman Lule, Mumbere Bienfait, Emmanuel Bua, Noella Okalany, Maksym Basarab, Oleksii Bielosludtsev, Kateryna Kolhanova, Kateryna Perepelytsia, Kateryna Romanukha, Dmytro Savenkov, Stanislav Siryi, Maksym Tereshchenko, Nezamai Viacheslav, Anton Volovetskyi, Andrey Kebkalo, Yegor Tryliskyy, Volodimir Tyselskiy, Eilidh Bruce, Bing Lun Chow, Emma Iddles, Sarah McGuckin, Nicola Newall, George Ramsay, Parivrudh Sharma, Caitlin Stewart, Jeremy Wong, Abdul Badran, Michael Bath, Fanny Belais, Eman Butt, Kaustuv Joshi, Milan Kapur, Mike Shaw, Adam Townson, Christopher Yee Khang Williams, Timothy Gray, Robert Greig, Mansoor Husain, Elspeth Murray, Ahmed Mustafa, Ashar Asif, Arya Gokul, Max Shah, Mabel Temisanren Akitikori, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sophie Davidson, Sinead McNally, Shamil Rupani, Fatema Juma, Sarah Catherine Mills, Laura Muirhead, Kate Sellars, Una Walsh, Oliver Warren, Alice Chambers, Richard Hunt, Stephen Boyce, Hannah Cornwall, Isabel Tol, Eleftherios Orestis Argyriou, Nicola Eardley, Meical Povey, Joanna M S Aithie, Ahmer Irfan, Mari-Claire McGuigan, Robert Starr, Craig Russell Warren, Jess Archibald, Georgia Kirby, Ivan Kisyov, Chun Kheng Khoo, Rachel Lee, Dana Photiou, Rowan Davis, Uday Prasad, P Zichu Yang, Jonathan Bird, Edmund Leung, Virginia Summerour, Chelise Currow, Jianshen Kiam, Gerald Jack Soon Tan, Anitha Muthusami, Ibifunke Pegba-Otemolu, Tomas Urbonas, Joseph Nunoo-Mensah, Edgaras Smolskas, Alex Boddy, Gianpiero Gravante, David Hunter, David Andrew, Amanda Koh, Amari Thompson, Lawrence Adams, Hollie A Clements, Kasun De Silva, Ogbonnia Ekpete, Seraj Haque, Scott Henderson, Bilal Ibrahim, Thummini Jayasinghe, Jennifer Livie, Keir Mailley, Gopikrishnan Nair, Daniel Tan, Caitlin Baggaley, Aleksander Dawidziuk, Bartosz Szyszka, Charlotte Barter, Nirav Gandhi, Karen Hassell, Samantha Hitchin, Jennett Kelsall, Eva Nagy, Ashrafun Nessa, Lisa Whisker, Fady Yanni, Mahmoud Ali, Deeksha Arora, Sunanda Hediwattege, Navam Kumarasinghe, Munir Rathore, Athula Tennakoon, Syed Mustafa Ali Ahmad, Oreoluwa Bajomo, Fahema Nadira, Valerio Celentano, Ewen Griffiths, Rama Santhosh Karri, Jason Kei Chak Mak, Michelle Pipe, Muhammad Iqbal Bhatti, Mohamed Rabie, Connor Boyle, David Hamilton, Aishath Mihuna, James Chean Khun Ng, Gary Nicholson, Agata Oliwa, Robert Pearson, Anna Rose, Shun Qi Yong, Catherine Boereboom, Michael Hanna, Catherine Walter, Thomas Samuel Greensmith, Rachel Mitchell, Eimear Monaghan, James Crawford, Susan Moug, James Blackwell, Hannah Boyd-Carson, Philip Herrod, Omar Al-Allaf, Miriam Beattie, Cameron Bullock, Shivang Burman, Gemma Clark, Nicolas Flamey, Oliver Flannery, Alexander Harding, Ben Kodiatt, Samuel Lawday, Shivani Mahapatra, Navin Mukundu Nagesh, Michael Ng, Dupinderjit Rye, Andrel Yoong, Laura Clark, Chris Deans, Monisha Edirisooriya, Emma Victoria Carrington, Tsz Lun Ernest Wong, Baasil Yusuf, Carla Chamberlain, Kathryn Duke, Elizabeth Kmiotek, Azel Botes, Natalie Condie, Timothy Schrire, Reena Shah, Iolo Thomas-Jones, Charlotte Yates, Natasha Anthony, Edward Matthews, Kapil Sahnan, James Tankel, Sally Tucker, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Paul Ziprin, William Duggan, Anastasia Kantartzi, Shruthi Sridhar, Rachel Alys Khaw, Prakhar Srivastava, Charlotte Underwood, Homero Alves do Canto Brum, Sharat Chopra, Laura Davis, Rebecca Hughes, Joshua Tulley, Justin Alberts, Thomas Athisayaraj, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Kasim Ahmad, Claudia Chan, Gavin Chapman, Hannah Fleming, Benjamin Fox, Julia Grewar, Kate Hulse, Duncan Rutherford, Mackay Sinead, Scott Smith, Doug Speake, Peter G Vaughan-Shaw, Natasha Christodoulides, Simrit 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A., Abu shua'ib R., Abu Zainah B., AbuSirrees M., Babaa B., Barhoush O., Belal qadomi A., Daraghmeh L., Haji R., Khatatbeh A., Khatib L., Qarariah S., Quzmar Y., Safadi K., Salameh R., Hassan M., Herzallah S., Massad L., Nazzal A., Nazzal R., Escobar D., Machain V G.M., Rodriguez Gonzalez A., Chachaima Mar J.E., Chinchihualpa Paredes N.O., Cuba V., Lopez W., Niquen Jimenez M.M., Sanchez Bartra N.A., Sapallanay Ojeda O., Sequeiros D., Toscano Pacheco A., Vergara M., Abarca S., Alcorta R., Borda-Luque G., Eusebio Zegarra I.E., Lujan Lopez C., Marrufo M., Mogrovejo C., Nomura A., Rodriguez Angeles Y., Vidal Meza M.R., Zavala G., Castillo Arrascue J.N., Hidrogo Cabrera J.C., Larrea vera J.J.M., Osorio M., Ylatoma Diaz E.A., Fontanilla M.A., Fuentes J.R., Salazar A.L., Dominguez G., Lopez M.P., Macalindong S., Onglao M.A., Ramirez A., Sacdalan M.D., Tampo M.M., Uy G.L., Mangahas J., Yabut K., Canete J.P., Cansana B.E., Castro E.J., Lipana M.K., Roxas M.F., Zara V.J., Chrol M., Franczak P., 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Adam M., Blomme N., Thorell A., Wogensen F., Alga A., Ansarei D., Celebioglu F., Heinius G., Nigard L., Pieniowski E., Ahlqvist S., Bjorklund I., Franberg A., Hakansson M., Adamo K., Franklin O., Sund M., Wiberg R., Andersson Y., Chabok A., Nikberg M., Kugelberg A., Canonica C., Christoforidis D., Fasolini F., Gaffuri P., Giuliani M., Meani F., Popeskou S.G., Pozza S., Wandschneider W., Peterer L., Widmer L.W., Zimmermann B., Bakoleas P., Chanousi I., Charalampidou L., Grochola L.F., Heid F., Ntaoulas S., Outos M., Peros G., Podolska-Skoczek H., Reinisch K.B., Zielasek C., Demartines N., Gilgien J., Kefleyesus A., St-Amour P., Toussaint A., Alhimyar M., Alsaid B., Alyafi A., Alkhaledi A., Kouz B., Omarain A., Al-Sabbagh Y., Alkhatib H., Sara S., Alhaj A., Danial A., Kadoura L., Maa Albared S., Monawar Y., Nahas L., Abd B., Saad A., Wakkaf H., Bouzaiene H., Ghalleb M., Akaydin E., Akbaba A.C., Atakul O., Baltaci E., Besli S., Burgu G., Cenal U., de Muijnck C., Demirkaya H.C., Dogruoz A., Gezer Z.I., Gundogdu Y., Kara M., Korkmaz H.K., Kurtoglu G.K., Ozben V., Ozmen B.B., Pektas A.M., Sel E.K., Yenidunya N., Bengur F.B., Oral B.M., Yozgatli T.K., Abdullayev S., Gunes M.E., Sahbaz N.A., Banaz T., Kargici K., Kuyumcu O.F., Yanikoglu E., Yesilsancak M., Yilmaz D., Aktas M.K., Rencuzogullari A., Isik A., Leventoglu S., Yalcinkaya A., Yuksel O., Kalayci M.U., Kara Y., Sarici I.S., Akin A., Alemdag G.N., Arslan E., Baki B.E., Bodur M.S., Calik A., Candas Altinbas B., Cihanyurdu I., Erkul O., Gul B., Guner A., Kose B., Semiz A., Sevim S., Tayar S., Tomas K., Tufek O.Y., Turkyilmaz S., Ulusahin M., Usta A., Yildirim R., Guler S.A., Tatar O.C., Varol E., Kirimtay B., Uysal M., Yildiz A., Kose E., Ciftci A.B., Colak E., Eraslan H., Kucuk G.O., Yemez K., Lule H., Bienfait M., Bua E., Okalany N., Basarab M., Bielosludtsev O., Kolhanova K., Perepelytsia K., Romanukha K., Savenkov D., Siryi S., Tereshchenko M., Viacheslav N., Volovetskyi A., Kebkalo A., Tryliskyy Y., Tyselskiy V., Bruce E., Chow B.L., Iddles E., McGuckin S., Newall N., Ramsay G., Sharma P., Stewart C., Wong J., Badran A., Bath M., Belais F., Butt E., Joshi K., Kapur M., Shaw M., Townson A., Williams C.Y.K., Gray T., Greig R., Husain M., Murray E., Mustafa A., Asif A., Gokul A., Shah M., Akitikori M.T., Charalabopoulos A., Davidson S., McNally S., Rupani S., Juma F., Mills S.C., Muirhead L., Sellars K., Walsh U., Warren O., Chambers A., Hunt R., Boyce S., Cornwall H., Tol I., Argyriou E.O., Eardley N., Povey M., Aithie J.M.S., Irfan A., McGuigan M.-C., Starr R., Warren C.R., Archibald J., Kirby G., Kisyov I., Khoo C.K., Lee R., Photiou D., Davis R., Prasad U., Yang P.Z., Bird J., Leung E., Summerour V., Currow C., Kiam J., Tan G.J.S., Muthusami A., Pegba-Otemolu I., Urbonas T., Nunoo-Mensah J., Smolskas E., Boddy A., Gravante G., Hunter D., Andrew D., Koh A., Thompson A., Adams L., Clements H.A., De Silva K., Ekpete O., Haque S., Henderson S., Ibrahim B., Jayasinghe T., Livie J., Mailley K., Nair G., Tan D., Baggaley C., Dawidziuk A., Szyszka B., Barter C., Gandhi N., Hassell K., Hitchin S., Kelsall J., Nagy E., Nessa A., Whisker L., Yanni F., Ali M., Arora D., Hediwattege S., Kumarasinghe N., Rathore M., Tennakoon A., Ali Ahmad S.M., Bajomo O., Nadira F., Celentano V., Griffiths E., Karri R.S., Mak J.K.C., Pipe M., Bhatti M.I., Rabie M., Boyle C., Hamilton D., Mihuna A., Ng J.C.K., Nicholson G., Oliwa A., Pearson R., Rose A., Yong S.Q., Boereboom C., Hanna M., Walter C., Greensmith T.S., Mitchell R., Monaghan E., Crawford J., Moug S., Blackwell J., Boyd-Carson H., Herrod P., Al-Allaf O., Beattie M., Bullock C., Burman S., Clark G., Flamey N., Flannery O., Harding A., Kodiatt B., Lawday S., Mahapatra S., Mukundu Nagesh N., Ng M., Rye D., Yoong A., Clark L., Deans C., Edirisooriya M., Carrington E.V., Wong T.L.E., Yusuf B., Chamberlain C., Duke K., Kmiotek E., Botes A., Condie N., Schrire T., Shah R., Thomas-Jones I., Yates C., Anthony N., Matthews E., Sahnan K., Tankel J., Tucker S., Winter Beatty J., Ziprin P., Duggan W., Kantartzi A., Sridhar S., Khaw R.A., Srivastava P., Underwood C., Alves do Canto Brum H., Chopra S., Davis L., Hughes R., Tulley J., Alberts J., Athisayaraj T., Olugbemi M., Ahmad K., Chan C., Chapman G., Fleming H., Fox B., Grewar J., Hulse K., Rutherford D., Sinead M., Speake D., Vaughan-Shaw P.G., Christodoulides N., Kudhail S., Welch M., Husaini S.M., Lambracos S., Anyanwu C., Suresh R., Thomas J.S., Gleeson E., Platoff R., Saif A., Enumah Z., Etchill E., Gabre-Kidan A., Bernstein M., Carrano F.M., Connors J., Lynn P., Melis M., Newman E., Foster D.S., Perrone K., Titan A., Ahmad S., Bafford A.C.M.D., Dal Molin M., Hanna N., Zafar S.N., Hemmila M., Napolitano L., Wong J.J., Chandler J., Wood L., Wren S., Ottesen T., You L., Yu K., Arcienega Yanez M.D.P., Ferreira Fernandes M., Gonzalez D., Cubas S., Gonzalez M.C., Zubiaurre V., Demolin R., Giroff N., Sciuto P., Campos M., Rodriguez Cantera G., Deepika G., Simuchimba E., Bulaya A., Chibuye C., Chirengendure B., Kabale M.-R., Kabongo K., Munthali J., Mweso O., Pikiti F., Otieno J., Lai L.T., Blackman B., Subramaniam S., Karim R., Kok N., Lee Y.D., Ali S., Sinha A., Corrigan R., Barnes N., Wong F., Dennis G., Jedamzik J., Phillips E., Piette W., Van hentenryck M., Koco H., Lawani S., Kassa M.W., Santos Bezerra T., Gribnev P., Dimitrov D., Krastev P., Oum S., Bonghaseh D.T., Al Farsi M., Alsharqawi N., Acevedo V., Castillo Barbosa A.C., Giron F., Leon Rodriguez J.P., Kucan D., Rosko D., Barsic N., Zupan D., Hegazi A., Truncikova V., Fryba V., Mohamed M., Nagi A., Rashad Temerik A., Elshawy M.E., Mahmoud M.I., Anwar M., Rageh T., Elmokadem A., Gaballa K., Teppo S., Pengerma P., Ballouhey Q., Bergeat D., Weyl A., Hain E., Gyedu A., Yenli E., Osei-Poku D., Rompou V.-A., Zoikas A., Gaitanidis A., Koukis G., Perivoliotis K., Tavlas P., Galanos-Demiris K., Zografos G., Karavokyros I., Xanthopoulou G., Iordanidou E., Ayau F., Garcia A., Damjan P., Wason D., B L A., Rangganata E., Kamath P., O'Connor D.B., Pinto M., Perrone F., Tropeano F.P., Troilo F., Bossi D., Scala D., Pulitano L., Carella M., Pietrabissa A., Gori A., Giraudo G., De Simone V., Russo A.A., Braccio B., Al-Taher R., Athamneh S., Parker A., Sawiee A., Kattia A., Tababa O., Shaeeb Z., Syminas V., Jurgaitis J., Damuleviciene G., Svagzdys S., Razafimanjato N.N.M., Chieng Loo L., Tiong I.C., Wan Muhmad W.F., Vijeyan H., Li Ying T., Grech G., Arrangoiz R., Jimenez Ley V.B., Arizpe D., Lagunes Lara E., Castro Lopez E.V., Eaazim J., Gordinou de Gouberville M., Bastiaenen V., Rottier S., Nahab F., Ji M.Y., Seyoji M., Nwachukwu C., Emeghara O., Muhammed S.E., Idowu A., Sowemimo O., Ogundoyin O., Akande O., Lott A., Nadeem M., Laghari A.A., Loya A., Mushtaq H., Abdullah M.T., Abuhilal B., Atawneh M., Hamdan H., Alhabil B., Srour A., Mousa I., Da Silva Medina L., Bartosiak K., Ferreira P., Francisco V., Lemos R., Frutuoso L., Fernandes S., Fonseca T., Pereira J., Rachadell J., Torre A., Madeira Martins F., Carvalho A.C., Rodrigues Ferreira J., Ribeiro da Silva B., Devesa H., Vieira A., Monica I., Amaro M., Sousa D., Reia M., Louro J., Martins A., Dominguez J., Santos I., Freitas Oliveira N.M., Pereira J.C., Silva-Vaz P., Freire L., Escrevente R., Negoita V.M., Shakhmatov D., Nezerwa Y., Radulovic R., Obery G., Viljoen F., Mendes T., Suarez A., Moncada E., Fernandez-Hevia M., Curtis Martinez C., Gil Garcia J.M., Gonzalez Zunzarren M., Idris T., Eklov K., Grahn O., Amin L., Blomqvist M., Ajani C., Kraus R., Seeger N., Willemin M., Rayya F., Ayash M., Msouti R., Kannas I., Abazid E., Esper A., Slim S., Kavcar A.S., Aytac E., Dural A.C., Ilker A., Eray I.C., Kurnaz E., Altiner S., Tepe M.D., Sahin C., Savli E., Innocent A., Babirye L., Diachenko A., Hordoskiy V., Curry H., Chau C.Y.C., Robertson H., Lennon H., Loi L., Kirkham E., McCann C., Watts D., Gurung B., Wilson M., Tribedi T., Garofalo E., Zahra B., MacDonald S., Daniels I., Ng N., Khosla S., Olivier J., Yue 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V., Ye, G., Zhang, G., Brooker, E., Feng, D., Lau, B., Ngai, C., Birks, S., Gyorki, D., Otero de Pablos, J., Abbosh, A., Gillespie, C., Mahmoud, A., Kwan, B., Lawson, J., Warwick, A., Bingham, J., Cockbain, A. J., Dudi-Venkata, N. N., Ellaby-Hall, J., Finlay, B., Humphries, E., Pisaniello, J., Pisaniello, M., Salih, S., Sammour, T., Abd Wahab, H. H., De Silva, A., Hayward, N., Iyer, K., Maddern, G., Prevost, G. A., Annapureddy, N., Settipalli, K. P., Yeo, J., Hempenstall, L., Pham, L., Purcell, S., Talavera, C., Vaska, A. I., Chaggar, G., Chrapko, P., Cocco, A., Coulter-Nile, S. M. C. J., Ctercteko, G., French, J., Gong, H., Gosselink, M., Jegathees, T., Jin, I., Kalachov, M., Kiefhaber, K., Lee, K., Luong, J., Phan, S., Pleass, H., Veale, K., Zeng, Z., Au, A., Debiasio, A., Deng, I., Myooran, J., Nair, A., Stewart, P., Stift, A., Unger, L. W., Wimmer, K., Ahmed, N., Hasan, S., Rahman, S., O'Shea, M., Padmore, G., Peters, A., Perduca, P., Pulcina, G., Tinton, N., Buxant, F., Dabin, E., Garofalo, G., Dossou, F., Gnangnon, F. H. R., Imorou Souaibou, Y., Motlaleselelo, P., Tlhomelang, O., Lima Buarque, I., Mendonca Ataide Gomes, G., Vieira Barros, A., Batashki, I., Damianov, N., Stoyanov, V., Dardanov, D., Maslyankov, S., Petkov, P., Todorov, G., Zhivkov, E., Akisheva, A., Castilla Moreno, M. A., Genov, G., Ilieva, I., Ivanov, T., Karamanliev, M., Khan, A., Mitkov, E., Yotsov, T., Atanasov, B., Belev, N., Slavchev, M., Nsengiyumva, C., Jones, E., Stock, S., Kyota, S., Brown, J., Mabanza, K. T., Nigo Samuel, L., Otuneme, C., Prosper, N., Umenze, F., Boutros, M., Caminsky, N., Dumitra, S., Garfinkle, R., Morency, D., Salama, E., Banks, A., Ferri, L., He, H., Katz, A., Liberman, A. 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A., Fadel, A., Habater, A., Hamdy, H., Hefni, A., Kamal, M., Mohamed Abobakr, N., Sayed, A., Shaker, N., Taha, E., Tharwat, H., Zakaria, O., Abdelmotaleb, I., Al-Dhufri, A., Al-Himyari, H. S., El sheikh, E., Eldmaty, A., Elkhalawy, A., M. Elkhashen, A., Magdy, K., Mostafa, S., Sadia, H. D., Saleh, M. M., Samir, D., Yahia Mohamed Ali, M., A. Nassar, M., Abdelhady, S., Abdelrazek, A., Abdelsalam, I., El-Sawy, A., Essam, E., Gadelkarim, M., Ghaly, K., Hassabalnaby, M., Masarani, R., Mohamed Shaaban, N., Sabry, A., Salem, M., Soliman, N. A., Zahran, D., Abou, El. soud M. R., Badr, E. T., Borham, H., Elmeslemany, N., Elsayed, M., Elsherif, F., Eslam, S., Gaber, G., Ibrahim, S., Kamh, Y., Mohamed, S. G., Morshedy, E., Omar, C., Salem Soliman, F., Abdelkawy, S., Abdelmohsen, N., Abdelshakour, M., Dahy, A., Gamal, N., Gamal, M., Hasan, A., Hetta, H., Mousa, N., Omar, M., Rabie, S., Saad, M., Saleh, B., Sayed Mohamed, M., Shawqi, M., Abdelhady Mousa, H., Alnoury, M., Elbealawy, M., Elshafey, A., Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, M., Ghonaim, M., Hgag, F., Ibrahim, M., Morsy, M., Reda Loaloa, M., Refaat, A., Samir, H., Shahien, F., Sobhy, M., Sroor, F., Abdellatif, E., Adel, M., Afifi, A. A., Afifi, E., Antaky, M., Dawoud, A., El Zoghby, N., El-remaily, A., Elzanfaly, A. A., Gadallah, A., Gamal, F. A., Hashem, O., Medhat Youssef, S., Muhammad Attyah, A., Munir, M., Shazly, O., Wilson, K., Adel, S., Ali, A., Eid, E., Elhelow, E., Elmahdy, M., Elshatby, B., Hossam el-din Zakaria, A., Hossny, A., Ibrahim, E., M. 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I., Veiga, D., Azevedo, J., Cardoso Louro, H., Leite, M., Bairos Menezes, M., Gama, B., Brito, D., Cruz Martins, M. C., Graca e Magalhaes, A., Longras, A. C., Lourenco, R., Matos, D., Castro, L., Policarpo, F., Romano, J., Monteiro, C., Pinto, D., Duarte, M., Fortuna Martins, S., Oliveira, M., Galvao, D., Martins, L., Silva, A., Taranu, V., Vieira, B., Neves, J., Oliveira, S., Ribeiro, H., Cinza, M., Felix, R., Machado, A., Oliveira, J., Patricio, J., Pedroso de Lima, R., Pereira, M., Rocha Melo, M., Velez, C., Abreu da Silva, A., Claro, M., Costa Santos, D., Ferreira, A., Capote, H., Rosado, D., Tare, F., Nogueira, O., Angelo, M., Baiao, J. M., Guimaraes, A., Marques, J., Nico Albano, M., Silva, M., Valente da Costa, A., Vieira Caroco, T., Almeida Braga, S., Capunge, I., Fragoso, M., Guimaraes, J., Pinto, B., Ribeiro, J., Angel, M., Fialho, G., Guerrero, M., Campos Costa, F., Cardoso, D., Cardoso, V., Alves, M., Estalagem, I., Louro, T., Marques, C., Martelo, R., Morgado, M., Canotilho, R., Correia, A. M., Martins, P., Peyroteo, M., Gomes, J., Monteiro, R., Romano, M., Alves, D. M., Peixoto, R., Quintela, C., Jervis, M. J., Melo, D., Pacheco, A., Paixao, V., Pedro, V., Pimenta, J., Pimenta de Castro, J., Rocha, A., Beuran, M., Ciubotaru, C., Diaconescu, B., Hostiuc, S., Negoi, I., Stoica, B., Na, N. A., Anokhin, E., Kuznetsov, G., Oganezov, G., Paramzin, F., Romanova, E., Rutkovskii, V., Shushval, M., Zabiyaka, M., Dzhumabaev, K., Ivanov, V., Mamedli, Z., Achkasov, S., Balkarov, A., Nabiev, E., Nagudov, M., Rybakov, E., Saifutdinova, K., Sushkov, O., Joseph, L., Ndayishimiye, I., Faustin, N., Mutabazi, A. 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Kadoura, Lama, Maa Albared, Sarah, Monawar, Yamen, Nahas, Louei, Abd, Barook, Saad, Ahmad, Wakkaf, Habib, Bouzaiene, Hatem, Ghalleb, Montassar, Akaydin, Elif, Akbaba, Ata Cem, Atakul, Onur, Baltaci, Ege, Besli, Sevval, Burgu, Gökçen, Cenal, Ulukan, de Muijnck, Cansu, Demirkaya, Hasan Can, Dogruoz, Alper, Gezer, Zeynep Ipek, Gündogdu, Yasemin, Kara, Merve, Korkmaz, Hasan Kürsad, Kurtoglu, Gökalp Kagan, Ozben, Volkan, Ozmen, Berk Baris, Pektas, Ahmet Murat, Sel, Eda Kübra, Yenidünya, Nilüfer, Bengur, Fuat Baris, Oral, Berke Mustafa, Yozgatli, Tahir Koray, Abdullayev, Seymur, Gunes, Mehmet Emin, Sahbaz, Nuri Alper, Banaz, Tuba, Kargici, Kübra, Kuyumcu, Omer Faruk, Yanikoglu, Erkan, Yesilsancak, Merve, Yilmaz, Duygu, Aktas, Melik Kagan, Rencuzogullari, Ahmet, Isik, Arda, Leventoglu, Sezai, Yalçinkaya, Ali, Yüksel, Osman, Kalayci, Mustafa U, Kara, Yasin, Sarici, Inanc Samil, Akin, Alp, Alemdag, Gökçe Nur, Arslan, Ekin, Baki, Bahadir Emre, Bodur, Muhammed Selim, Calik, Adnan, Candas Altinbas, Bahar, Cihanyurdu, Irem, Erkul, Oguz, Gül, Burak, Guner, Ali, Köse, Beyza, Semiz, Anil, Sevim, Sule, Tayar, Serkan, Tomas, Kadir, Tüfek, Ozan Yavuz, Türkyilmaz, Serdar, Ulusahin, Mehmet, Usta, Arif, Yildirim, Reyyan, Güler, Sertaç Ata, Tatar, Ozan Can, Varol, Ecenur, Kirimtay, Busenur, Uysal, Muhammed, Yildiz, Alp, Kose, Emin, Ciftci, Ahmet Burak, Çolak, Elif, Eraslan, Huseyin, Kucuk, Gultekin Ozan, Yemez, Kürsat, Lule, Herman, Bienfait, Mumbere, Bua, Emmanuel, Okalany, Noella, Basarab, Maksym, Bielosludtsev, Oleksii, Kolhanova, Kateryna, Perepelytsia, Kateryna, Romanukha, Kateryna, Savenkov, Dmytro, Siryi, Stanislav, Tereshchenko, Maksym, Viacheslav, Nezamai, Volovetskyi, Anton, Kebkalo, Andrey, Tryliskyy, Yegor, Tyselskiy, Volodimir, Bruce, Eilidh, Chow, Bing Lun, Iddles, Emma, McGuckin, Sarah, Newall, Nicola, Ramsay, George, Sharma, Parivrudh, Stewart, Caitlin, Wong, Jeremy, Badran, Abdul, Bath, Michael, Belais, Fanny, Butt, Eman, Joshi, Kaustuv, Kapur, Milan, Shaw, Mike, Townson, Adam, Williams, Christopher Yee Khang, Gray, Timothy, Greig, Robert, Husain, Mansoor, Murray, Elspeth, Mustafa, Ahmed, Asif, Ashar, Gokul, Arya, Shah, Max, Akitikori, Mabel Temisanren, Charalabopoulos, Alexandros, Davidson, Sophie, McNally, Sinead, Rupani, Shamil, Juma, Fatema, Mills, Sarah Catherine, Muirhead, Laura, Sellars, Kate, Walsh, Una, Warren, Oliver, Chambers, Alice, Hunt, Richard, Boyce, Stephen, Cornwall, Hannah, Tol, Isabel, Argyriou, Eleftherios Orestis, Eardley, Nicola, Povey, Meical, Aithie, Joanna M S, Irfan, Ahmer, McGuigan, Mari-Claire, Starr, Robert, Warren, Craig Russell, Archibald, Jess, Kirby, Georgia, Kisyov, Ivan, Khoo, Chun Kheng, Lee, Rachel, Photiou, Dana, Davis, Rowan, Prasad, Uday, Yang, P Zichu, Bird, Jonathan, Leung, Edmund, Summerour, Virginia, Currow, Chelise, Kiam, Jianshen, Tan, Gerald Jack Soon, Muthusami, Anitha, Pegba-Otemolu, Ibifunke, Urbonas, Tomas, Nunoo-Mensah, Joseph, Smolskas, Edgaras, Boddy, Alex, Gravante, Gianpiero, Hunter, David, Andrew, David, Koh, Amanda, Thompson, Amari, Adams, Lawrence, Clements, Hollie A, De Silva, Kasun, Ekpete, Ogbonnia, Haque, Seraj, Henderson, Scott, Ibrahim, Bilal, Jayasinghe, Thummini, Livie, Jennifer, Mailley, Keir, Nair, Gopikrishnan, Tan, Daniel, Baggaley, Caitlin, Dawidziuk, Aleksander, Szyszka, Bartosz, Barter, Charlotte, Gandhi, Nirav, Hassell, Karen, Hitchin, Samantha, Kelsall, Jennett, Nagy, Eva, Nessa, Ashrafun, Whisker, Lisa, Yanni, Fady, Ali, Mahmoud, Arora, Deeksha, Hediwattege, Sunanda, Kumarasinghe, Navam, Rathore, Munir, Tennakoon, Athula, Ali Ahmad, Syed Mustafa, Bajomo, Oreoluwa, Nadira, Fahema, Celentano, Valerio, Griffiths, Ewen, Karri, Rama Santhosh, Mak, Jason Kei Chak, Pipe, Michelle, Bhatti, Muhammad Iqbal, Rabie, Mohamed, Boyle, Connor, Hamilton, David, Mihuna, Aishath, Ng, James Chean Khun, Nicholson, Gary, Oliwa, Agata, Pearson, Robert, Rose, Anna, Yong, Shun Qi, Boereboom, Catherine, Hanna, Michael, Walter, Catherine, Greensmith, Thomas Samuel, Mitchell, Rachel, Monaghan, Eimear, Crawford, James, Moug, Susan, Blackwell, James, Boyd-Carson, Hannah, Herrod, Philip, Al-Allaf, Omar, Beattie, Miriam, Bullock, Cameron, Burman, Shivang, Clark, Gemma, Flamey, Nicolas, Flannery, Oliver, Harding, Alexander, Kodiatt, Ben, Lawday, Samuel, Mahapatra, Shivani, Mukundu Nagesh, Navin, Ng, Michael, Rye, Dupinderjit, Yoong, Andrel, Clark, Laura, Deans, Chris, Edirisooriya, Monisha, Carrington, Emma Victoria, Wong, Tsz Lun Ernest, Yusuf, Baasil, Chamberlain, Carla, Duke, Kathryn, Kmiotek, Elizabeth, Botes, Azel, Condie, Natalie, Schrire, Timothy, Shah, Reena, Thomas-Jones, Iolo, Yates, Charlotte, Anthony, Natasha, Matthews, Edward, Sahnan, Kapil, Tankel, James, Tucker, Sally, Winter Beatty, Jasmine, Ziprin, Paul, Duggan, William, Kantartzi, Anastasia, Sridhar, Shruthi, Khaw, Rachel Alys, Srivastava, Prakhar, Underwood, Charlotte, Alves do Canto Brum, Homero, Chopra, Sharat, Davis, Laura, Hughes, Rebecca, Tulley, Joshua, Alberts, Justin, Athisayaraj, Thomas, Olugbemi, Mojolaoluwa, Ahmad, Kasim, Chan, Claudia, Chapman, Gavin, Fleming, Hannah, Fox, Benjamin, Grewar, Julia, Hulse, Kate, Rutherford, Duncan, Sinead, Mackay, Smith, Scott, Speake, Doug, Vaughan-Shaw, Peter G, Christodoulides, Natasha, Kudhail, Simrit, Welch, Matthew, Husaini, Syed Muhibullah, Lambracos, Simon, Anyanwu, Chikamuche, Suresh, Rishi, Thomas, Jimmy Scott, Gleeson, Elizabeth, Platoff, Rebecca, Saif, Areeba, Enumah, Zachary, Etchill, Eric, Gabre-Kidan, Alodia, Bernstein, Mitchell, Carrano, Francesco Maria, Connors, Joseph, Lynn, Patricio, Melis, Marcovalerio, Newman, Elliot, Foster, Deshka S, Perrone, Kenneth, Titan, Ashley, Ahmad, Sarwat, Bafford, Andrea Chao M D, Dal Molin, Marco, Hanna, Nader, Zafar, Syed Nabeel, Hemmila, Mark, Napolitano, Lena, Wong, Jane J, Chandler, Julia, Wood, Lauren, Wren, Sherry, Ottesen, Taylor, You, Lucia, Yu, Kristin, Arciénega Yañez, María Del Pilar, Ferreira Fernandes, Martin, González, Daniel, Cubas, Santiago, González, María Catalina, Zubiaurre, Vanessa, Demolin, Rodrigo, Giroff, Nicolas, Sciuto, Pablo, Campos, Maite, Rodríguez Cantera, Gabriela, Deepika, Garg, Simuchimba, Elliot, Bulaya, Anadi, Chibuye, Chali, Chirengendure, Bright, Kabale, Mary-Rose, Kabongo, Kizito, Munthali, James, Mweso, Oliver, Pikiti, Francis, Otieno, James, Lai, Log Tung, Blackman, Brighid, Richards, Sophie, Subramaniam, Suren, Karim, Rafid, Kok, Nathan, Lee, Yanni Dion, Ali, Shabina, Sinha, Aanjaneya, Corrigan, Robert, Barnes, Nicole, Wong, Florence, Dennis, Grace, Jedamzik, Julia, Phillips, Emil, Piette, Wivine, Van Hentenryck, Marie, Koco, Houenoukpo, Lawani, Souliath, Kassa, Mamo Woldu, Santos Bezerra, Tainá, Gribnev, Petar, Dimitrov, Dobromir, Krastev, Panche, Oum, Sovannarith, Bonghaseh, Divine Tim, Al Farsi, Maryam, Alsharqawi, Nourah, Acevedo, Veronica, Castillo Barbosa, Andrea Carolina, Giron, Felipe, Leon Rodriguez, Jimmy Paul, Kucan, Darko, Rosko, Damir, Barsic, Neven, Župan, Domagoj, Hegazi, Amgad, Truncíková, Vendula, Fryba, Vladimir, Mohamed, Mostafa, Sultan, Ahmed, Nagi, Ahmed, Rashad Temerik, Abdallah, Elshawy, Mohamed Elemam, Mahmoud, Moustafa Ibrahim, Omar, Shrouk, Anwar, Mohamed, Rageh, Tarek, Elmokadem, Aya, Gaballa, Khaled, Teppo, Sandra, Turunen, Antti, Pengermä, Pasi, Ballouhey, Quentin, Bergeat, Damien, Weyl, Ariane, Hain, Elisabeth, Gyedu, Adam, Yenli, Edwin, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Rompou, Vaia-Aliki, Zoikas, Athanasios, Gaitanidis, Apostolos, Koukis, Georgios, Perivoliotis, Konstantinos, Tavlas, Panagiotis, Galanos-Demiris, Konstantinos, Zografos, George, Karavokyros, Ioannis, Xanthopoulou, Georgia, Iordanidou, Eirini, Ayau, Fernanda, Garcia, Allan, Damján, Pekli, Wason, Deepender, B L, Ashika, Rangganata, Ervandy, Kamath, Prerna, O'Connor, Donal B, Pinto, Margherita, Perrone, Fabrizio, Tropeano, Francesca Paola, Troilo, Francesca, Bossi, Daniela, Scala, Dario, Pulitanò, Lucrezia, Carella, Marcella, Pietrabissa, Andrea, Gori, Alice, Giraudo, Giorgio, De Simone, Veronica, Russo, Alfio Alessandro, Braccio, Bartolomeo, Al-Taher, Raed, Athamneh, Sarah, Parker, Andrea, Sawiee, Adnan, Kattia, Amina, Salem, Malik, Tababa, Osama, Shaeeb, Zuhour, Syminas, Vilius, Jurgaitis, Jonas, Damuleviciene, Gyte, Svagzdys, Saulius, Poskus, Tomas, Razafimanjato, Narindra Njarasoa Mihaja, Chieng Loo, Ling, Tiong, Ing Ching, Wan Muhmad, Wan Farahiyah, Vijeyan, Harinthiran, Li Ying, Teoh, Grech, Gabriella, Arrangoiz, Rodrigo, Jimenez Ley, Vania Brickelia, Arizpe, Daniel, Lagunes Lara, Elizabeth, Castro López, Elizabeth Victoria, Eaazim, Jose, Gordinou de Gouberville, Marije, Bastiaenen, Vivian, Rottier, Simone, Nahab, Fouad, Ji, Maria Yeonhee, Seyoji, Mohammed, Nwachukwu, Callistus, Emeghara, Okechukwu, Muhammed, Sayyid Egbunu, Idowu, Ayodeji, Sowemimo, Olamiposi, Ogundoyin, Olakayode, Akande, Oluwatosin, Lott, Alexander, Nadeem, Maliha, Laghari, Ahsan Ali, Loya, Asif, Mushtaq, Hassan, Abdullah, Muhammad Tariq, Abuhilal, Baseel, Atawneh, Mohammad, Hamdan, Hamdan, Alhabil, Belal, Srour, Abedelrahman, Mousa, Ibrahim, Da Silva Medina, Luis, Bartosiak, Katarzyna, Ferreira, Pedro, Francisco, Vítor, Lemos, Ricardo, Frutuoso, Luísa, Fernandes, Sara, Fonseca, Telma, Pereira, Jorge, Rachadell, Juan, Torre, Ana, Madeira Martins, Filipe, Carvalho, Ana Cristina, Rodrigues Ferreira, Joana, Ribeiro da Silva, Bruno, Devesa, Helena, Vieira, Ana, Mónica, Inês, Amaro, Margarida, Sousa, Diogo, Reia, Marta, Louro, João, Martins, Ana, Dominguez, Joaquina, Santos, Inês, Freitas Oliveira, Nuno Miguel, Pereira, José Carlos, Silva-Vaz, Pedro, Freire, Ligia, Escrevente, Ricardo, Negoita, Valentina Madalina, Shakhmatov, Dmitry, Nezerwa, Yves, Radulovic, Radosav, Obery, Gareth, Viljoen, Francois, Mendes, Tome, Suarez, Antonio, Moncada, Enrique, Fernandez-Hevia, Maria, Curtis Martínez, Carolina, Gil Garcia, Julia Maria, González Zunzarren, Mariana, Idris, Tarig, Eklöv, Karolina, Grahn, Oskar, Amin, Leila, Blomqvist, Malin, Ajani, Costanza, Kraus, Rebecca, Seeger, Nico, Willemin, Melissa, Rayya, Fadi, Ayash, Mohammad, Msouti, Raneem, Kannas, Israa, Abazid, Eias, Esper, Asil, Slim, Skander, Kavcar, Akil Serdar, Aytac, Erman, Dural, Ahmet Cem, Ilker, Ayse, Eray, Ismail Cem, Kurnaz, Eray, Altiner, Saygin, Tepe, Mustafa Deniz, Sahin, Can, Savli, Evrim, Innocent, Aryon, Babirye, Lilian, Diachenko, Andrii, Hordoskiy, Vladislav, Curry, Heather, Chau, Charlene Yat Che, Robertson, Harry, Mahmoud, Arin, Lennon, Hannah, Loi, Lynette, Kirkham, Emily, McCann, Cameron, Watts, Daniel, Gurung, Binay, Wilson, Michael, Tribedi, Thomas, Garofalo, Eleonora, Zahra, Baryab, MacDonald, Scott, Daniels, Ian, Ng, Nathan, Khosla, Shivun, Olivier, James, Yue, Sum Yu Pansy, Suresh, Gayathri, Wellington, Jack, Lorejo, Emmanuel, Mossaad, Mafdi, Crutcher, Madison, Alimi, Marjan, Baiu, Ioana, Abdou, Hossam, Conway, Alison, Peck, Connor, Perdomo Perez, Mauro Andres, Zulu, Stanley, Nakazwe, Mildred, Burger, Sule, Davies, Justine, Donaldson, Rachel, Ede, Chikwendu, Garden, O James, Lesetedi, Chiapo, Mabedi, Charles, Magill, Laura, Makinde Alakaloko, Felix, Makupe, Alex, Monahan, Mark, Mulira, Soloman, Muller, Elmi, Musowoyo, Jospeh, Olory-Togbe, Jean Léon, Roberts, Tracey, Smith, Martin, Tayler, Viki, Windsor, John, Yepez, Raul, Sundar, Sudha, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Verjee, Azmina, Chen, José, Daya, Leonid, El Aroussi, Nouhaila, Farina, Valeria, Gnintedeme Olivier, Tchianze, Gonzales Nacarino, Mauricio, Hammani, Aamr, Honjo, Sarah, Jacobs, Rebecca, Kimura, Hitomi, Nkoronko, Mugisha, Oscullo Yepez, Jasson Javier, Pin Hung, Wei, Raj, Ankit, Romani Pozo, Alina, Rommaneh, Muna, Sassamela Fabiano, Samuel Chimbioputo, Shiroma Gago, Camila Milagros, Srinivas, Abhishekh, Sung, Chia-Yen, Tai, Aswan, Valle Aranda, Yener Cristyell, Venturini, Sara, and Wilguens Lartigue, Jean
Subjects: Pediatrics, Colorectal cancer, IMPACT, Disease, Colorectal Neoplasm, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cancer, surgery, postoperative mortality, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, General Medicine, DISEASES, Income, cancer surgery, Colorectal Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasm, Cohort study, Human, Adult, Developed Countrie, medicine.medical_specialty, Global surgery, General surgery, International multicentre study, Cancer surgery, Breast Neoplasms, Department of Error, NO, Developing Countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Stomach Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, Developing Countries, Neoplasm Staging, business.industry, Developed Countries, Odds ratio, CARE, medicine.disease, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Prospective Studie, Postoperative Complication, business
Abstract: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Background: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
Published: 2021

18. Another Use for EUS: Removal of a Transesophageal-Migrated Mediastinal Foreign Body

Author: Massimo De Matteis, Giampiero Dolci, Nico Pagano, Augusto Lauro, Piero Solli, Francesco Buttitta, Pagano, Nico, Dolci, Giampiero, Buttitta, Francesco, De Matteis, Massimo, Lauro, Augusto, and Solli, Piero.
Subjects: Male, Suction (medicine), medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Endosonography, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Esophagus, 0302 clinical medicine, Foreign-Body Migration, Ultrasound, medicine, Humans, Upper gastrointestinal, Abscess, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mediastinum, Gastroenterology, Stent, Endoscopy, Foreign Bodies, medicine.disease, Surgery, Foreign body, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Drainage, Stents, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Absce, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Fiberoptic laryngoscopy
Abstract: Removal of foreign bodies from the upper gastrointestinal tract, though a common occurrence, can be technically challenging and risky. We report the case of a young man that, after eating a pizza cooked in a wood-burning oven, reported a sense of foreign body. Though the first evaluation by fiberoptic laryngoscopy found no foreign body, after a few weeks, the patient was readmitted from the ER for worsening symptoms and fever. A CT scan showed a metallic mediastinal foreign body inside a large fluid collection. After multidisciplinary evaluation, an endoscopic removal was attempted by accessing the mediastinal collection through EUS-guided positioning of a Hot Axios™ stent. The cavity was drained by naso-esophageal suction. The foreign body was a fragment of the brush used to clean the oven. The patient is now doing well after 7months.
Published: 2021

19. White Paper: Bridging the gap between surveillance data and antimicrobial stewardship in the outpatient sector—practical guidance from the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks

Author: Arieti, Fabiana, Göpel, Siri, Sibani, Marcella, Carrara, Elena, Pezzani, Maria Diletta, Murri, Rita, Mutters, Nico T, Lòpez-Cerero, Lorena, Voss, Andreas, Cauda, Roberto, Tacconelli, Evelina, ARCH working group (Collaborators): Ayola Akim Adegnika, Fabiana, Arieti, Nithya Babu Rajendran, Julia, Bielicki, Steffen, Borrmann, Elena, Carrara, Roberto, Cauda, Compri, Monica, Giulia De Angelis, Raquel, Duro, Galia, Liliana, Petra, Gastmeier, Christian, Giske, Siri, Göpel, Herman, Goossens, Gunnar, Kahlmeter, Souha, S Kanj, Tomislav, Kostyanev, Leonard, Leibovici, Jean-Christophe, Lucet, Lorena, López-Cerero, Rodolphe, Mader, Mazzaferri, Fulvia, Elena, Mazzolini, Marc, Mendelson, Rita, Murri, Nico, T Mutters, Mical, Paul, Maria Diletta Pezzani, Elisabeth, Presterl, Hanna, R Enk, Oana, Sandulescu, Le Huu Song, Remco, Schrijver, Luigia, Scudeller, Mike, Sharland, Marcella, Sibani, Evelina, Tacconelli, Didem, Torumkuney, Thirumalaisamy, P Velavan, and Andreas, Voss
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Knowledge management, ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST, ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP, GENERAL-PRACTICE, CARE, RESISTANCE, PRESCRIPTIONS, PRESCRIBERS, PROVISION, INVENTORY, FEEDBACK, Computer science, 030106 microbiology, Delphi method, INVENTORY, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, 03 medical and health sciences, PRESCRIPTIONS, Antimicrobial Stewardship, 0302 clinical medicine, White paper, GENERAL-PRACTICE, Outpatients, Antimicrobial stewardship, AcademicSubjects/MED00740, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, PRESCRIBERS, Pharmacology, Team composition, Government, ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST, PROVISION, FEEDBACK, business.industry, CARE, ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP, Checklist, Hospitals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Long-term care, Infectious Diseases, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Supplement Papers, Accountability, Magnets, Antimicrobial, business, AcademicSubjects/MED00230, RESISTANCE
Abstract: Background The outpatient setting is a key scenario for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities, considering that overconsumption of antibiotics occurs mainly outside hospitals. This publication is the result of a joint initiative by the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks, which is aimed at formulating a set of target actions for linking surveillance data with AMS activities in the outpatient setting. Methods A scoping review of the literature was carried out in three research areas: AMS leadership and accountability; antimicrobial usage and AMS; antimicrobial resistance and AMS. Consensus on the actions was reached through a RAND-modified Delphi process involving over 40 experts in infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, AMS, veterinary medicine or public health, from 18 low-, middle- and high-income countries. Results Evidence was retrieved from 38 documents, and an initial 25 target actions were proposed, differentiating between essential or desirable targets according to clinical relevance, feasibility and applicability to settings and resources. In the first consultation round, preliminary agreement was reached for all targets. Further to a second review, 6 statements were re-considered and 3 were deleted, leading to a final list of 22 target actions in the form of a practical checklist. Conclusions This White Paper is a pragmatic and flexible tool to guide the development of calibrated surveillance-based AMS interventions specific to the outpatient setting, which is characterized by substantial inter- and intra-country variability in the organization of healthcare structures, maintaining a global perspective and taking into account the feasibility of the target actions in low-resource settings.
Published: 2020

20. Impact of declining renewable energy costs on electrification in low-emission scenarios

Author: Leon Merfort, Alexander Popp, Lavinia Baumstark, Antoine Levesque, Renato Rodrigues, Nico Bauer, Felix Schreyer, Robert C. Pietzcker, Silvia Madeddu, Falko Ueckerdt, Florian Humpenöder, Elmar Kriegler, Christoph Bertram, Jessica Strefler, Gunnar Luderer, Michaja Pehl, Alois Dirnaichner, and Marianna Rottoli
Subjects: Energy carrier, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Natural resource economics, 020209 energy, Global warming, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Climate change, Carbon dioxide removal, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Renewable energy, Fuel Technology, Electrification, 13. Climate action, Bioenergy, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental science, Electricity, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Cost degression in photovoltaics, wind-power and battery storage has been faster than previously anticipated. In the future, climate policy to limit global warming to 1.5–2 °C will make carbon-based fuels increasingly scarce and expensive. Here we show that further progress in solar- and wind-power technology along with carbon pricing to reach the Paris Climate targets could make electricity cheaper than carbon-based fuels. In combination with demand-side innovation, for instance in e-mobility and heat pumps, this is likely to induce a fundamental transformation of energy systems towards a dominance of electricity-based end uses. In a 1.5 °C scenario with limited availability of bioenergy and carbon dioxide removal, electricity could account for 66% of final energy by mid-century, three times the current levels and substantially higher than in previous climate policy scenarios assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The lower production of bioenergy in our high-electrification scenarios markedly reduces energy-related land and water requirements. The impact of rapidly falling costs of renewable energy and battery technology on long-term climate stabilization pathways is not well understood. Luderer et al. show that reduced renewable costs and climate policies will make electricity the cheapest energy carrier and can lead to electricity accounting for nearly two-thirds of global energy use by mid-century.
Published: 2021

21. Pretreatment clinical and hematologic prognostic factors of metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Takahiro Kimura, Fahad Quhal, Reza Sari Motlagh, Hadi Mostafaei, Abdulmajeed Aydh, Jun Miki, Frederik König, Pawel Rajwa, Satoshi Katayama, Keiichiro Mori, Shin Egawa, Benjamin Pradere, Nico C. Grossmann, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Takafumi Yanagisawa, and Shahrokh F. Shariat
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma, Review Article, Pembrolizumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Metastasis, Surgical oncology, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Retrospective Studies, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, Prognostic factor, Visceral metastasis, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Hematology, General Medicine, Prognosis, Metastatic urothelial carcinoma, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Meta-analysis, Surgery, business
Abstract: Pembrolizumab is the standard for the first and second lines in treating metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the value of pretreatment clinical characteristics and hematologic biomarkers for prognosticating response to pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic UC. PUBMED®, Web of Science™, and Scopus® databases were searched for articles published before May 2021 according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they evaluated overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab and pretreatment clinical characteristics or laboratory examination. Overall, 13 studies comprising 1311 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Several pretreatment patients’ demographics and hematologic biomarkers were significantly associated with worse OS as follows: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) ≥ 2 (Pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 3.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.57–4.09), presence of visceral metastasis (Pooled HR: 1.84, 95% CI 1.42–2.38), presence of liver metastasis (Pooled HR: 4.23, 95% CI 2.18–8.20), higher neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (Pooled HR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.07–1.55) and, higher c-reactive protein (CRP) (Pooled HR: 2.49, 95% CI 1.52–4.07). Metastatic UC patients with poor PS, liver metastasis, higher pretreatment NLR and/or CRP have a worse survival despite pembrolizumab treatment. These findings might help to guide the prognostic tools for clinical decision-making; however, they should be interpreted carefully, owing to limitations regarding the retrospective nature of primary data. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10147-021-02061-0.
Published: 2021

22. Development and Provisional Validation of a Multiplex LC-MRM-MS Test for Timely Kidney Injury Detection in Urine

Author: Nico P.M. Smit, Johan W. de Fijter, Fred P.H.T.M. Romijn, Tirsa T van Duijl, Jan W. Drijfhout, Mervin M Pieterse, Christa M. Cobbaert, Natasja Dolezal, and L. Renee Ruhaak
Subjects: Tamm–Horsfall protein, Urinary system, Renal function, Urine, Kidney, Tandem mass spectrometry, Biochemistry, Article, LC-MRM-MS, low-abundance biomarkers, Isotopes, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Medicine, Multiplex, protein markers, Chromatography, biology, business.industry, Selected reaction monitoring, General Chemistry, urine, kidney injury, biology.protein, Biomarker (medicine), quantitative bottom-up proteomics, Peptides, business, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: Kidney injury is a complication frequently encountered in hospitalized patients. Early detection of kidney injury prior to loss of renal function is an unmet clinical need that should be targeted by a protein-based biomarker panel. In this study, we aim to quantitate urinary kidney injury biomarkers at the picomolar to nanomolar level by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode (LC-MRM-MS). Proteins were immunocaptured from urinary samples, denatured, reduced, alkylated, and digested into peptides before LC-MRM-MS analysis. Stable-isotope-labeled peptides functioned as internal standards, and biomarker concentrations were attained by an external calibration strategy. The method was evaluated for selectivity, carryover, matrix effects, linearity, and imprecision. The LC-MRM-MS method enabled the quantitation of KIM-1, NGAL, TIMP2, IGFBP7, CXCL9, nephrin, and SLC22A2 and the detection of TGF-β1, cubilin, and uromodulin. Two to three peptides were included per protein, and three transitions were monitored per peptide for analytical selectivity. The analytical carryover was
Published: 2021

23. Cryoablation in Locoregional Management of Complex Unresectable Chest Neoplasms

Author: Andrea Contegiacomo, Stefano Margaritora, Roberto Iezzi, Cesare Colosimo, Alessandro Tanzilli, Riccardo Manfredi, Alessandro Posa, Maria Teresa Congedo, Vincenzo Valentini, Ernesto Punzi, Emilio Bria, Nico Attempati, Luca Tagliaferri, and Alessandra Cassano
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, medicine.medical_treatment, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Cryosurgery, Article, interventional radiology, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Major complication, Retrospective Studies, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mediastinum, Pneumothorax, Retrospective cohort study, Cryoablation, Interventional radiology, Thoracic Neoplasms, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, cryoablation, lung tumors, Radiology, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: Rationale and Objectives: The aim of our retrospective study was to assess the safety and feasibility of cryoablation in high-risk patients with complex chest neoplastic lesions. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with complex chest malignancies, both primary and secondary, located in the mediastinum, lung, and chest wall, underwent percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation treatments. Procedural success as well as complications were evaluated. Results: A total of 24 neoplastic lesions were treated (mean diameter: 27 mm, range: 7–54 mm). Technical success was obtained in all patients, without major complications or intraprocedural death. A pneumothorax not requiring a drainage tube placement was registered in 50% of patients, while 3/24 patients had a grade 3 pneumothorax requiring a chest tube placement. Conclusion: Percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation seems a safe and feasible treatment for complex thoracic lesions.
Published: 2021

24. Do You Like What You (Can't) See? The Differential Effects of Hardware and Software Upgrades on High-Tech Product Evaluations

Author: Nico Wiegand, Monika Imschloss, and Marketing
Subjects: Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Upgradeability, Automotive industry, Automotive, computer.software_genre, Competitive advantage, Personalization, Software, 0502 economics and business, Hardware-software platforms, Quality (business), Business and International Management, media_common, Marketing, business.industry, Firmware, 05 social sciences, Product (business), 050211 marketing, The Internet, business, computer, 050203 business & management, Computer hardware, Customization, Modularity-in-use
Abstract: “Over-the-air” software upgrades are a recent trend in the automotive industry to distribute firmware directly to customers via the Internet. These upgrades can endow the vehicle with completely new functions that enhance safety, convenience, and performance. The US manufacturer Tesla was the first to integrate such upgrades on a regular basis to let customers participate in continuous innovation, giving Tesla a competitive edge over rival brands. Since then, several premium manufacturers have followed suit. This research examines how consumers perceive and respond to software upgradeability in durable high-tech products vis-a-vis integral product alternatives and hardware upgradeability. Results of four studies with more than 3,000 participants suggest that consumers evaluate software upgrades less positive than hardware upgrades because they perceive software as less capable to enhance product quality. However, bundling software upgrades to larger packages and stressing the low effort required to integrate new functions are viable ways to remedy this perception. Importantly, the findings suggest that offering products fully equipped with all premium functions to be unlocked via software upgrades—as done by several premium brands—is a risky strategy. Consumers react negatively to the artificial restriction of functionalities, irrespective of whether these are offered as temporary leases or permanent purchases. The findings provide initial evidence for the game-changing potential of software upgradeability and offer managers concrete guidance for designing and marketing upgradeable hardware-software platforms.
Published: 2021

25. Multinational Observational Cohort Study of COVID-19–Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis1

Author: Josje Altenburg, Roger J. M. Brüggemann, Yves Debavaye, Joost Wauters, Saad Nseir, Catherine S. C. Bouman, Julien Maizel, Taieb Chouaki, Albert Dunbar, Niels Van Regenmortel, Lynn Rutsaert, Bart J. A. Rijnders, Boualem Sendid, Damien Costa, Jeroen Schouten, Marijke Reynders, Fabienne Tamion, Simon Feys, Lore Vanderbeke, Hervé Dupont, Katrien Lagrou, Nico A F Janssen, Rémy Nyga, Paul E. Verweij, Karin van Dijk, Marc Bourgeois, Cato Jacobs, Hans I van der Spoel, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Jochem B. Buil, Mehmet Ergün, Piet Lormans, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, Pulmonary medicine, Intensive care medicine, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHRU LIlle], Institut de Microbiologie [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Normandie Université (NU), Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de parasitologie et de mycologie médicales [CHU Amiens], CHU Lille, and Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], coronavirus, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], law.invention, respiratory infections, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, law, Internal medicine, risk factors, Medicine, viruses, SARS, SARS-CoV-2, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, business.industry, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), COVID-19, Intensive care unit, zoonoses, Aspergillus, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Infectious Diseases, coronavirus disease, mortality rates, Cohort, mycology, epidemiology, Observational study, fungi, business, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Cohort study
Abstract: We performed an observational study to investigate intensive care unit incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of coronavirus disease-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We found 10%-15% CAPA incidence among 823 patients in 2 cohorts. Several factors were independently associated with CAPA in 1 cohort and mortality rates were 43%-52%. ispartof: EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES vol:27 issue:11 pages:2892-2898 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2021

26. A Nationwide Retrospective Analysis of Out-of-Hospital Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Treated by Helicopter Emergency Medical Service in the Netherlands

Author: Nico Hoogerwerf, Michelle B. Oude Alink, Dennis den Hartog, Marcel A. de Leeuw, Robert Jan Stolker, Xavier R.J. Moors, Stef Bouman, Margot Bergsma, Patrick Schober, Robert Jan Houmes, Anesthesiology, ACS - Microcirculation, APH - Methodology, APH - Quality of Care, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Surgery, and Pediatric Surgery
Subjects: Emergency Medical Services, medicine.medical_specialty, Aircraft, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Psychological intervention, Netherlands/epidemiology, Emergency Nursing, Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18], Emergency medical services, medicine, Helicopter emergency medical service, Retrospective analysis, Humans, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Child, Survival rate, Netherlands, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Hospitals, Emergency medicine, Emergency Medicine, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/epidemiology, business, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 243898.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: There is generally limited but conflicting literature on the incidence, causes, and outcomes of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This study was performed to determine the incidence and outcome of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest reported by all helicopter emergency medical services in the Netherlands and to provide a description of causes and treatments and, in particular, a description of the specific interventions that can be performed by a physician-staffed helicopter emergency medical service. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of all documented pediatric (0 < 18 years of age) out-of-hospital cardiac arrests from July 2015 to July 2017, attended by all 4 Dutch helicopter emergency medical service teams. RESULTS: Two hundred two out-of-hospital cardiac arrests were identified. The overall incidence in the Netherlands is 3.5 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in children per 100,000 pediatric inhabitants. The overall survival rate for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was 11.4%. Eleven (52%) of the survivors were in the drowning group and between 12 and 96 months of age. CONCLUSION: Helicopter emergency medical services are frequently called to pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the Netherlands. The survival rate is normal to high compared with other countries. The 12- to 96-month age group and drowning seem to have a relatively favorable outcome.
Published: 2021

27. Der Einfluss von Bindungsmerkmalen und erkrankungsspezifischen Prädiktoren auf die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität von älteren Patienten und Patientinnen mit Multimorbidität

Author: Nico Schneider, Fabian Tiesler, Katja Schmücker, Jochen Gensichen, Katja Brenk-Franz, and Bernhard Strauß
Subjects: Health related quality of life, Disease specific, Gynecology, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.medical_specialty, Quality of life (healthcare), business.industry, Primary health care, medicine, Primary care, business
Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Einflussfaktoren auf die psychische und körperliche Lebensqualität bei älteren, multimorbiden Patientinnen und Patienten ab 50 Jahren in Hausarztpraxen. Methodik 219 Patienten mit multiplen chronischen Erkrankungen wurden zu Lebensqualität, Bindung, Depression und dem Gesundheitszustand zu Baseline und Follow-up nach 12 Monaten untersucht. Multivariate Analysen wurden durchgeführt, um potenzielle Prädiktoren zu identifizieren. Ergebnisse Depression, Alter und die bindungsbezogene Vermeidung hatten einen negativen, der Gesundheitszustand einen positiven Einfluss auf die körperbezogene Lebensqualität. Die psychische Lebensqualität wurde negativ durch die bindungsbezogene Angst und Depression beeinflusst. Relevante Prädiktoren, welche die Lebensqualität in einem Jahr vorhersagen konnten, waren der Gesundheitszustand, Depression und Bindungsangst. Schlussfolgerung Zur Erhaltung der Lebensqualität sollten bei multimorbiden Patienten die mentale Gesundheit und die Bindungsbedürfnisse der Patienten berücksichtigt werden.
Published: 2021

28. Performance of EUS-FNB in solid pancreatic masses: a lesson from 463 consecutive procedures and a practical nomogram

Author: Socrate Pallio, Rocco Maurizio Zagari, Matteo Cescon, Nico Pagano, Claudio Ricci, Andrea Fabbri, Riccardo Casadei, Antonio Leo, Sinan Sadalla, Carlo Ingaldi, Giovanna Impellizeri, and Laura Alberici
Subjects: Related factors, Endoscopic ultrasound, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gold standard (test), Nomogram, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Nomograms, Diagnostic specimens, Pancreatic cancer, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Radiology, business, Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration, Pancreas, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: The study's main goal was the diagnostic adequacy of pancreatic endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) fine-needle biopsy (FNB) and associated predictive factors. The secondary objective was to define the diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNB in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses and pancreatic malignancies. None of the studies reported the diagnostic adequacy and accuracy of EUS. We retrospectively identified patients with solid pancreatic lesions that underwent EUS-FNB between 2013, and 2018. We calculated diagnostic adequacy and related factors. Using definitive histology on the surgically resected specimen as the gold standard, we calculated diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EUS-FNB. We identified a total of 463 procedures. Diagnostic specimens were adequate in 436 procedures (94.1%), while 27 biopsies provided insufficient samples (5.9%). The multivariate analysis showed that lesion size and needle caliper were the only factors influencing diagnostic adequacy. The use of a biopsy needle (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.30-0.1.63, P 0.400) did not improve sample adequacy. We calculated sensitivity (100%), specificity (93.2%), diagnostic accuracy (93.2%), positive predictive value (97.1%), and negative predictive value (100%) using resected specimen as the gold standard. We found no significant complications. EUS-FNB is a reliable technique for the histological characterization of solid pancreatic masses.
Published: 2021

29. A low-to-no snow future and its impacts on water resources in the western United States

Author: Daniel Feldman, Erica R. Siirila-Woodburn, Alan M. Rhoades, Peter S. Nico, Laurna Kaatz, Laurie S. Huning, Christina L. Tague, William D. Collins, Julia Szinai, Benjamin J. Hatchett, and Andrew D. Jones
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Natural resource economics, business.industry, Global warming, Water supply, Snowpack, Snow, Pollution, Water resources, Streamflow, Greenhouse gas, Evapotranspiration, Environmental science, business, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Anthropogenic climate change is decreasing seasonal snowpacks globally, with potentially catastrophic consequences on water resources, given the long-held reliance on snowpack in water management. In this Review, we examine the changes and trickle-down impacts of snow loss in the western United States (WUS). Across the WUS, snow water equivalent declines of ~25% are expected by 2050, with losses comparable with contemporary historical trends. There is less consensus on the time horizon of snow disappearance, but model projections combined with a new low-to-no snow definition suggest ~35–60 years before low-to-no snow becomes persistent if greenhouse gas emissions continue unabated. Diminished and more ephemeral snowpacks that melt earlier will alter groundwater and streamflow dynamics. The direction of these changes are difficult to constrain given competing factors such as higher evapotranspiration, altered vegetation composition and changes in wildfire behaviour in a warmer world. These changes undermine conventional WUS water management practices, but through proactive implementation of soft and hard adaptation strategies, there is potential to build resilience to extreme, episodic and, eventually, persistent low-to-no snow conditions. Federal investments offer a timely opportunity to address these vulnerabilities, but they require a concerted portfolio of activities that cross historically siloed physical and disciplinary boundaries. Much of the western United States relies on seasonal snowpacks for water supply. This Review examines the projected changes and impacts of a declining western United States snowpack, and discusses the adaptation opportunities available to mitigate against such snow losses.
Published: 2021

30. Association of brain white matter microstructure with cognitive performance in major depressive disorder and healthy controls: a diffusion-tensor imaging study

Author: Lena Waltemate, Tina Meller, Kai Ringwald, Nils R. Winter, Marius Gruber, Udo Dannlowski, Jonathan Repple, Olaf Steinsträter, Simon Schmitt, Ricarda Ines Schubotz, Dominik Grotegerd, Susanne Meinert, Tim Hahn, Verena Enneking, Frederike Stein, Nils Opel, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Katharina Thiel, Hannah Lemke, Axel Krug, Isabel Abheiden, Igor Nenadic, Katharina Brosch, Tilo Kircher, Nico Nowack, Alexandra Winter, Elisabeth J. Leehr, and Katharina Dohm
Subjects: medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cognition, Neuropsychological test, medicine.disease, White matter, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Fractional anisotropy, Cohort, medicine, Major depressive disorder, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, business, Molecular Biology, Clinical psychology, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: Cognitive deficits are central attendant symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) with a crucial impact in patients’ everyday life. Thus, it is of particular clinical importance to understand their pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible relationship between brain structure and cognitive performance in MDD patients in a well-characterized sample. N = 1007 participants (NMDD = 482, healthy controls (HC): NHC = 525) were selected from the FOR2107 cohort for this diffusion-tensor imaging study employing tract-based spatial statistics. We conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce neuropsychological test results, and to discover underlying factors of cognitive performance in MDD patients. We tested the association between fractional anisotropy (FA) and diagnosis (MDD vs. HC) and cognitive performance factors. The PCA yielded a single general cognitive performance factor that differed significantly between MDD patients and HC (P Ptfce-FWE = 0.002) in a large bilateral cluster consisting of widespread frontotemporal-association fibers. In MDD patients this effect was independent of medication intake, the presence of comorbid diagnoses, the number of previous hospitalizations, and depressive symptomatology. This study provides robust evidence that white matter disturbances and cognitive performance seem to be associated. This association was independent of diagnosis, though MDD patients show more pronounced deficits and lower FA values in the global white matter fiber structure. This suggests a more general, rather than the depression-specific neurological basis for cognitive deficits.
Published: 2021

31. Burden of comorbid conditions in children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a collaborative analysis of 3 JIA registries

Author: Gerd Horneff, Jens Klotsche, Kirsten Minden, Nicolino Ruperto, Jelena Vojinovic, Olga Vougiouka, Gordana Vijatov-Djuric, Sytze de Roock, Joeri W van Straalen, Matilda Laday, Ariane Klein, Gabriella Giancane, Gianfranco D'Angelo, Mark Lunt, Wendy Costello, Lianne Kearsley-Fleet, Joost F. Swart, Nico M Wulffraat, Casper Schoemaker, and Kimme L. Hyrich
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Adolescent, Patient characteristics, Arthritis, Uveitis, Chickenpox, Rheumatology, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), In patient, Registries, Adverse effect, History of tuberculosis, Biological Products, business.industry, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Arthritis, Juvenile, Treatment Outcome, Antirheumatic Agents, business
Abstract: Objectives Burden of comorbidities are largely unknown in JIA. From 2000, national and international patient registries were established to monitor biologic treatment, disease activity and adverse events in patients with JIA. The aim of this analysis was to investigate in parallel, for the first time, three of the largest JIA registries in Europe/internationally—UK JIA Biologic Registers (BCRD/BSPAR-ETN), German biologic registers (BiKeR/JuMBO), multinational Pharmachild—to quantify the occurrence of selected comorbidities in patients with JIA. Methods Information on which data the registers collect were compared. Patient characteristics and levels of comorbidity were presented, focussing on four key conditions: uveitis, MAS, varicella, and history of tuberculosis. Incidence rates of these on MTX/biologic therapy were determined. Results 8066 patients were registered into the three JIA registers with similar history of the four comorbidities across the studies; however, varicella vaccination coverage was higher in Germany (56%) vs UK/Pharmachild (16%/13%). At final follow-up, prevalence of varicella infection was lower in Germany (15%) vs UK/Pharmachild (37%/50%). Prevalence of TB (0.1–1.8%) and uveitis (15–19%) was similar across all registers. The proportion of systemic-JIA patients who ever had MAS was lower in Germany (6%) vs UK (15%) and Pharmachild (17%). Conclusion This analysis is the first and largest to investigate the occurrence of four important comorbidities in three JIA registries in Europe and the role of anti-rheumatic drugs. Combined, these three registries represent one of the biggest collection of cases of JIA worldwide and offer a unique setting for future JIA outcome studies.
Published: 2021

32. The iDiv Ecotron—A flexible research platform for multitrophic biodiversity research

Author: Jessica Hines, Anja Schmidt, Alexandra Weigelt, Jacques Roy, Tao Liu, Stefan Trogisch, Sascha Reth, Christian Wirth, Stefan Klotz, Nico Eisenhauer, François Buscot, Alban Gebler, Martin Schädler, and Manfred Türke
Subjects: climate chambers, Ecology, Environmental change, Computer science, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Biodiversity, Context (language use), Ecological systems theory, Food web, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, Mesocosm, biotic interactions, food webs, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Terrestrial ecosystem, mesocosms, lysimeters, business, Research Articles, QH540-549.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Research Article, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: Across the globe, ecological communities are confronted with multiple global environmental change drivers, and they are responding in complex ways ranging from behavioral, physiological, and morphological changes within populations to changes in community composition and food web structure with consequences for ecosystem functioning. A better understanding of global change‐induced alterations of multitrophic biodiversity and the ecosystem‐level responses in terrestrial ecosystems requires holistic and integrative experimental approaches to manipulate and study complex communities and processes above and below the ground. We argue that mesocosm experiments fill a critical gap in this context, especially when based on ecological theory and coupled with microcosm experiments, field experiments, and observational studies of macroecological patterns. We describe the design and specifications of a novel terrestrial mesocosm facility, the iDiv Ecotron. It was developed to allow the setup and maintenance of complex communities and the manipulation of several abiotic factors in a near‐natural way, while simultaneously measuring multiple ecosystem functions. To demonstrate the capabilities of the facility, we provide a case study. This study shows that changes in aboveground multitrophic interactions caused by decreased predator densities can have cascading effects on the composition of belowground communities. The iDiv Ecotrons technical features, which allow for the assembly of an endless spectrum of ecosystem components, create the opportunity for collaboration among researchers with an equally broad spectrum of expertise. In the last part, we outline some of such components that will be implemented in future ecological experiments to be realized in the iDiv Ecotron., The iDiv Ecotron is a novel and unique research platform that was explicitly designed to address the perpetual claim that biodiversity–ecosystem function (BEF) research in terrestrial ecosystems needs to move beyond the manipulation of diversity at single trophic levels to embrace the multitrophic complexity of ecological communities.
Published: 2021

33. Randomized phase III study of docetaxel versus docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib in patients with relapsed non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma

Author: Robert Peric, Vincent van der Noort, Harry J.M. Groen, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Nico van Walree, Franz M.N.H. Schramel, Christi M.J. Steendam, Pepijn Brocken, Stijn L.W. Koolen, G.D. Marijn Veerman, John W. G. van Putten, Ron H.J. Mathijssen, Egbert F. Smit, Joachim G.J.V. Aerts, Magdolen Youssef, Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Oncology, Pharmacy, RS: GROW - R3 - Innovative Cancer Diagnostics & Therapy, Pulmonologie, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Longziekten (9), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), and Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE)
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Erlotinib Hydrochloride/therapeutic use, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Combination therapy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy, Quinazolines/therapeutic use, Taxoids/therapeutic use, EGFR, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy, Docetaxel, Gastroenterology, Disease-Free Survival, Erlotinib Hydrochloride, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Progression-free survival, Epidermal growth factor receptor, CANCER PATIENTS, Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy, COMBINATION, neoplasms, SCHEDULE, Docetaxel/therapeutic use, biology, PLASMA, business.industry, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects, Hazard ratio, CHEMOTHERAPY, medicine.disease, Oncology, Erlotinib, Toxicity, biology.protein, Quinazolines, Taxoids, business, Non-small-cell lung cancer, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background: Earlier preclinical and phase II research showed enhanced effect of docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib. The NVALT-18 phase III study was designed to compare docetaxel with docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib in relapsed metastasized non-squamous (NSQ) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Patients with relapsed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) wild type (WT) NSQ-NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1 every 21 days (control), or docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1 plus erlotinib 150 mg/day orally on day 2-16 every 21 days (experimental arm). Progression free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint, secondary objectives were duration of response, overall survival (OS) and toxicity.Results: Between October 2016 and April 2018 a total of 45 patients were randomized and received treatment in the control (N = 23) or experimental arm (N = 22), the study was stopped due to slow accrual. Median PFS was 4.0 months (95% CI: 1.5-7.1) versus 1.9 months (95% CI 1.4-3.5), p = 0.01 respectively; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.51 (95% CI: 1.16-5.43). Corresponding median OS was 10.6 months (95% CI: 7.0-8.6) versus 4.7 months (95% CI: 3.2-8.6), p = 0.004, with an adjusted HR of 3.67 (95% CI: 1.46-9.27). Toxicity was higher with combination therapy, with toxicity >= CTCAE grade 3 in N = 6 (26%) in the control arm and N = 17 (77%) in the experimental arm (p < 0.001), mainly consisting of gastrointestinal symptoms and leukopenia.Conclusions: Our study shows detrimental effects of docetaxel plus intercalated erlotinib, and strongly discourages further exploration of this combination in clinical practice.
Published: 2021

34. Concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk and child growth

Author: Cornelia Hilbert, Nico Grafe, Philipp Menzel, Anne Jurkutat, Mandy Vogel, Aristea Binia, Sean Austin, Norbert Sprenger, and Wieland Kiess
Subjects: FUT2, Population, Breastfeeding, Mothers, Oligosaccharides, Growth, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Growth velocity, Negatively associated, Pregnancy, Statistical significance, Medicine, Humans, Child growth, education, Child, Children, education.field_of_study, Milk, Human, business.industry, Research, HMO, Human Milk oligosaccharides, Gestational age, Infant, Body Height, Breast Feeding, Secretor status, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Female, business, Demography
Abstract: BackgroundThe relationship between human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and child growth has been investigated only insufficiently with ambiguous results. Therefore, this study examines potential influencing factors of HMO concentrations and how HMO are associated with child growth parameters.MethodsMilk samples from the German LIFE Child cohort of healthy children were analyzed for 9 HMO. Putative associations with maternal and child cofactors and child height, head circumference and BMI between 3 months and 7 years of age were examined. Secretor status, defined as the presence of 2′-fucosyllactose, was investigated for associations with infant outcomes.ResultsOur population consisted of 21 (14.7%) non-secretor and 122 (85.3%) secretor mothers. Maternal age was significantly associated with higher 3′SL concentrations; gestational age was associated with LNT, 6′SL and LNFP-I. Pre-pregnancy BMI was negatively associated with LNnT only in non-secretors. The growth velocity of non-secretors’ children was inversely associated with LNnT at 3 months to 1 year (R = 0.95 [0.90, 0.99],p = 0.014), 1 to 2 years (R = 0.80 [0.72, 0.88],p R = 0.71 [0.57, 0.87],p = 0.002). 2’FL was negatively associated with BMI consistently, reaching statistical significance at 3 months and 4 and 5 years. Children of non-secretors showed higher BMI at 3 months, 6 months, and 3, 6, and 7 years of age.ConclusionWe found that some associations between HMO and infant growth may extend beyond the infancy and breastfeeding periods. They highlight the importance of both maternal and infant parameters in the understanding of the underlying associations.Trial registrationThe study is registered with ClinicalTrial.gov:NCT02550236.
Published: 2021

35. Microvascular Resistance Reserve for Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Function

Author: Nico H.J. Pijls, Alessandro Candreva, Daniëlle C J Keulards, Jeroen Sonck, Annemiek De Vos, Emanuele Gallinoro, Pim A.L. Tonino, Carlos Collet, Jozef Bartunek, Emanuele Barbato, William F. Fearon, Marc Vanderheyden, Bernard De Bruyne, Marcel van 't Veer, Eric Wyffels, Mohamed El Farissi, Stephane Fournier, and Olivier Muller
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Coronary flow reserve, Fractional flow reserve, Confidence interval, Microvascular resistance, Flow velocity, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Myocardial mass, Coronary flow
Abstract: The need for a quantitative and operator-independent assessment of coronary microvascular function is increasingly recognized. We propose the theoretical framework of microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) as an index specific for the microvasculature, independent of autoregulation and myocardial mass, and based on operator-independent measurements of absolute values of coronary flow and pressure. In its general form, MRR equals coronary flow reserve (CFR) divided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) corrected for driving pressures. In 30 arteries, pressure, temperature, and flow velocity measurements were obtained simultaneously at baseline (BL), during infusion of saline at 10 mL/min (rest) and 20 mL/min (hyperemia). A strong correlation was found between continuous thermodilution-derived MRR and Doppler MRR (r = 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.72-0.93; P
Published: 2021

36. Ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for femoral head containment disorders in children between one and 12 years of age

Author: Ulrich Bechler, Josephine Berger-Groch, Nico Maximilian Jandl, Markus H.F. Stuecker, André Strahl, and Frank Timo Beil
Subjects: Hip dysplasia, medicine.medical_specialty, hip angle, ultrasound, business.industry, Ultrasound, medicine.disease, hip dysplasia, femoral head extrusion angle, Femoral head, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Original Clinical Article, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, acetabular head index, Radiology, business
Abstract: Purpose Ultrasound has been used to diagnose hip dysplasia in neonates and to screen until the end of their first year. For older children, femoral head containment disorders such as developmental dysplasia of the hip, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or cerebral palsy are usually diagnosed with plain radiographs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ultrasound in comparison with radiographic imaging in children up to age 12 years and to determine reference values for sonographic containment parameters. Methods Hip ultrasound and radiographic imaging were acquired on the same day and then compared. As a reference, normal acetabular angle and acetabulum head index were determined on radiographs. Lateral cartilage distance (LCD), lateral head distance (LHD) and femoral head extrusion angle (HA) were measured on ultrasound images. Results We included 96 patients with 167 healthy hips in the study. A total of 55 patients were female and 41 male. The mean age was 5.2 years (sd 3.3; 1.0 to 11.9). LCDultrasound, LHDultrasound and HAultrasound correlated significantly with radiographic parameters. The following ultrasound values were calculated as limits for impending loss of containment: LCDultrasound ≥ 6.5 mm, LHDultrasound ≥ 3.3 mm and HAultrasound ≥ 27.6°. Conclusion Ultrasound is a simple, radiation-free diagnostic tool to detect femoral head containment disorders, even in children older than one year. This study provides reference values for hip ultrasound in children up to 12 years. Level of evidence III
Published: 2021

37. Discordance in a South African Memecylon Clade (Melastomataceae): Evidence for Reticulate Evolution

Author: Phuc Pham, Prabha Amarasinghe, Nico Cellinese, and Robert Douglas Stone
Subjects: biology, business.industry, Ecology, Memecylon, Melastomataceae, Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Reticulate evolution, Phylogenomics, Botany, Clade, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Premise of research. Evergreen forests in eastern South Africa have high biodiversity but are limited in extent and have a highly fragmented distribution. Populations of forest plants are thus geog...
Published: 2021

38. Activity-Based Scheduling of Science Campaigns for the Rosetta Orbiter

Author: Nico Altobelli, Marc Costa Sitjà, Claire Vallat, F. Vallejo, Rafael Andres, Federico Nespoli, D. Tran, Michael Kueppers, Miguel Perez Ayucar, Martina Troesch, Gregg Rabideau, Steve Chien, and Bernhard Geiger
Subjects: 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, business.industry, James Webb Space Telescope, Comet, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science Applications, law.invention, Orbiter, Ground station, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Aeronautics, law, Ground segment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: Rosetta was a European Space Agency (ESA) cornerstone mission that launched in March 2004, exited hibernation in January 2014, entered orbit around the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in August 201...
Published: 2021

39. Seizures after Ischemic Stroke: A Matched Multicenter Study

Author: Marian Galovic, Stefan Evers, Philip Siebel, Juliane Schweizer, Giulio Bicciato, Tim J. von Oertzen, Judith Wagner, Francesco Brigo, Michael Winklehner, Barbara Tettenborn, Julian Conrad, Nico Döhler, Estevo Santamarina, Matthias J. Koepp, Carolina Ferreira-Atuesta, Lukas L. Imbach, Mariarosaria Valente, Barbara Erdélyi-Canavese, Mira Katan, Giorgia Gregoraci, Laura Abraira, Frauke Roell, Natalie Scherrer, Ana Rita Peralta, Carla Bentes, Giovanni Merlino, Josemir W. Sander, Francesco Janes, Ansgar Felbecker, Gian Luigi Gigli, Piergiorgio Lochner, John S. Duncan, Teresa Pinho e Melo, Lucia Sinka, Mark R. Keezer, José Alvarez-Sabín, Anna Serafini, Institut Català de la Salut, [Ferreira-Atuesta C] Department of Clinical & Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom. Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States. [Döhler N] Department of Neurology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland. Specialist Clinic for Neurorehabilitation, Kliniken Beelitz, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany. [Erdélyi-Canavese B, Felbecker A, Siebel P] Department of Neurology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland. [Scherrer N] Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Abraira L, Santamarina E, Álvarez-Sabín J] Unitat d’Epilèpsia, Servei de Neurologia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Convulsions - Diagnòstic, medicine.medical_treatment, Epilèpsia - Diagnòstic, Posterior cerebral artery, Nervous System Diseases::Central Nervous System Diseases::Brain Diseases::Epilepsy [DISEASES], enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades del sistema nervioso central::enfermedades cerebrales::trastornos cerebrovasculares::isquemia cerebral [ENFERMEDADES], Brain Ischemia, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/complicaciones [Otros calificadores], Epilepsy, Nervous System Diseases::Neurologic Manifestations::Seizures [DISEASES], Risk Factors, Seizures, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Aged, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, enfermedades del sistema nervioso::manifestaciones neurológicas::convulsiones [ENFERMEDADES], Symptomatic seizures, Thrombolysis, Nervous System Diseases::Central Nervous System Diseases::Brain Diseases::Cerebrovascular Disorders::Brain Ischemia [DISEASES], Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Malalties cerebrovasculars - Complicacions, Stroke, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Propensity score matching, Cohort, Cardiology, Etiology, enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades del sistema nervioso central::enfermedades cerebrales::epilepsia [ENFERMEDADES], Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/complications [Other subheadings]
Abstract: Accidente cerebrovascular isquémico; Tratamiento de reperfusión; Factores de riesgo Ischemic Stroke; Reperfusion treatment; Risk factors Accident cerebrovascular isquèmic; Tractament de reperfusió; Factor de risc Objective The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for acute symptomatic seizures and post-stroke epilepsy after acute ischemic stroke and evaluate the effects of reperfusion treatment. Methods We assessed the risk factors for post-stroke seizures using logistic or Cox regression in a multicenter study, including adults from 8 European referral centers with neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke. We compared the risk of post-stroke seizures between participants with or without reperfusion treatment following propensity score matching to reduce confounding due to treatment selection. Results In the overall cohort of 4,229 participants (mean age 71 years, 57% men), a higher risk of acute symptomatic seizures was observed in those with more severe strokes, infarcts located in the posterior cerebral artery territory, and strokes caused by large-artery atherosclerosis. Strokes caused by small-vessel occlusion carried a small risk of acute symptomatic seizures. 6% developed post-stroke epilepsy. Risk factors for post-stroke epilepsy were acute symptomatic seizures, more severe strokes, infarcts involving the cerebral cortex, and strokes caused by large-artery atherosclerosis. Electroencephalography findings within 7 days of stroke onset were not independently associated with the risk of post-stroke epilepsy. There was no association between reperfusion treatments in general or only intravenous thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy with the time to post-stroke epilepsy or the risk of acute symptomatic seizures. Interpretation Post-stroke seizures are related to stroke severity, etiology, and location, whereas an early electroencephalogram was not predictive of epilepsy. We did not find an association of reperfusion treatment with risks of acute symptomatic seizures or post-stroke epilepsy.
Published: 2021

40. Strategies to Prevent Leaner-on-Educator Violence in South African Schools

Author: RJ (Nico) Botha and RP Zwane
Subjects: Empirical research, business.industry, restrict, School environment, Sociology, Public relations, Literature study, business, School violence, Education
Abstract: School violence is singled out by many researchers as an area of salient concern, both nationally and internationally. Moreover, learner-on-educator violence has become a phenomenon of great concern in schools worldwide; and no school is ruled out of this challenge. Various studies in the field of school violence focus on the safety of learners at schools, with inadequate attention paid to violence perpetrated against educators in school environments. Although some local studies on school-related violence do focus on educator-on-learner violence and the causes thereof, little or no studies have been conducted on coping strategies to deal with this concern. This literature study focused on learner-on-educator violence in South African schools and the coping strategies that educators use or can use to manage and restrict violence perpetrated against them. Located in the constructivist research paradigm, this study emanated from an empirical study by the authors on how educators, as victims of school violence, experience and understand learner-on-educator violence in the school environment. The findings of the current study revealed that South African educators use different coping strategies such as departmental directives; collegial support; in-school training programmes; monitoring of classroom access; collaboration with the school environment and participation of parents. It is concluded that these strategies are pertinent in stimulating the reduction of learner-on-educator violence in South African schools. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20. 9 .1
Published: 2021

41. Residual risk of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis B virus ( <scp>TT‐HBV</scp> ) infection by <scp>NAT</scp> ‐screened blood components: A review of observed versus modeled infectivity from donors with window period and occult <scp>HBV</scp> infections

Author: Nico Lelie, Michael P. Busch, and Steve Kleinman
Subjects: Infectivity, Hepatitis B virus, HBsAg, business.industry, Infectious dose, Immunology, Hematology, Window period, medicine.disease_cause, Virology, law.invention, Residual risk, Transmission (mechanics), law, Relative risk, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND The residual transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus (TT-HBV) risk with different testing strategies depends on the sensitivity of screening assays, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) compared to HBV-DNA in window period (WP) and occult HBV infections (OBIs), and infectivity of blood in these infection stages. We compared modeled WP and OBI transmission risk in a multiregional individual donation nucleic acid amplification technology (ID-NAT) screening study with observed TT-HBV infection rates in several lookback studies. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The WP and OBI risk was estimated from ID-NAT screening data in six geographic regions. The 50% infectious dose (ID50 ), a key factor in the applied risk models, was assumed to be 100-fold higher in OBI than in WP blood. The relative proportion of WP and OBI TT-risk was estimated for different screening scenarios and expressed as a percentage of the ID-NAT yield rate to allow for comparison with observed TT-rates in lookback studies. RESULTS Despite sevenfold to eightfold higher HBV ID-NAT yield rates in OBI than WP in South-East Asia and Europe, our models predicted that 40 (26-55)% of total residual TT-HBV risk was due to OBI, comparable to 37% observed in a Japanese hemovigilance study. Modeled TT-OBI risk was approximately 10-fold higher than observed rates of 2%-8% in five lookback studies but comparable to one other study (36%). CONCLUSION Although the observed TT-OBI rate was generally lower than the modeled risk, the relative risk of WP versus OBI transmission was not incompatible with the observational infectivity data. This supports the validity of our assumptions in the infectivity-based models for estimating worst-case residual risk with different testing scenarios.
Published: 2021

42. Standortspezifisches Ziellastniveau und objektspezifische Lastmodelle für die Nachrechnung auf der Basis von Bauwerksmonitoring

Author: Nico Steffens and Karsten Geißler
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Traffic load, Load model, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, business, Structural monitoring, Civil and Structural Engineering, Bridge engineering
Published: 2021

43. Wiederkehrende Kopfschmerzen und Sehstörungen bei Veränderungen der weißen Substanz des Gehirns

Author: C. Kloth, Meinrad Beer, Thomas Breining, Nico Sollmann, Bernd Schmitz, and Daniel Vogele
Subjects: medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Interventional radiology, business, Nuclear medicine, Cardiac imaging, Neuroradiology
Published: 2021

44. Short- and long-term motor outcome of STN-DBS in Parkinson’s Disease: focus on sex differences

Author: Angelo Franzini, Roberto Eleopra, Giovanni Tringali, Roberta Telese, Antonio E. Elia, Giuseppe Messina, Alessio Novelli, Roberto Cilia, Sara Rinaldo, Grazia Devigili, Nico Golfrè Andreasi, Vincenzo Levi, and Luigi Romito
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Levodopa, Neurology, Parkinson's disease, business.industry, Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, Dermatology, General Medicine, Disease, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Internal medicine, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Neurosurgery, business, Adverse effect, Neuroradiology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an established treatment for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with motor complications; the contribution of sex in determining the outcome is still not understood. We included 107 patients (71 males) with PD consecutively implanted with STN-DBS at our center. We reviewed patient charts from our database and retrospectively collected demographical and clinical data at baseline and at three follow-up visits (1, 5 and 10 years). We found a long-lasting effect of DBS on motor complications, despite a progressive worsening of motor performances in the ON medication condition. Bradykinesia and non-dopaminergic features seem to be the major determinant of this progression. Conversely to males, females showed a trend towards worsening in bradykinesia already at 1-year follow-up and poorer scores in non-dopaminergic features at 10-year follow-up. Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD) was significantly reduced after surgery compared to baseline values; however, while in males LEDD remained significantly lower than baseline even 10 years after surgery, in females LEDD returned at baseline values. Males showed a sustained effect on dyskinesias, but this benefit was less clear in females; the total electrical energy delivered was consistently lower in females compared to males. The profile of adverse events did not appear to be influenced by sex. Our data suggest that there are no major differences on the motor effect of STN-DBS between males and females. However, there may be some slight differences that should be specifically investigated in the future and that may influence therapeutic decisions in the chronic follow-up.
Published: 2021

45. The significance of tree-tree interactions for forest ecosystem functioning

Author: Ulrich Brose, Nico Eisenhauer, Lingli Liu, Andreas Schuldt, Matthias Kunz, Wensheng Bu, Ming-Qiang Wang, Christian Wirth, Steffen Neumann, Xiaoyong Cui, Zeqing Ma, Sylvia Haider, Bo Yang, Tesfaye Wubet, Zhiyao Tang, Kai Xue, Gemma Rutten, Naili Zhang, Yanfen Wang, Jürgen Bauhus, John Connolly, Douglas Chesters, Goddert von Oheimb, Xingliang Xu, Nicole M. van Dam, Liang-Dong Guo, Werner Härdtle, Simone Cesarz, Chao-Dong Zhu, Alexander Weinhold, Keping Ma, Shaopeng Wang, Weiguo Sang, Xiaojuan Liu, Stefan Trogisch, and Helge Bruelheide
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biotic feedbacks, Biodiversity, TreeDì, BEF-China, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Forest structure, Forest ecology, Ecosystem, Resource partitioning, Neighbourhood (mathematics), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Tree neighbourhood, business.industry, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Tree diversity experiment, Tree (data structure), Climate change mitigation, Geography, Ecosystems Research, 13. Climate action, Facilitation, Species richness, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Global change exposes forest ecosystems to many risks including novel climatic conditions, increased frequency of climatic extremes and sudden emergence and spread of pests and pathogens. At the same time, forest landscape restoration has regained global attention as an integral strategy for climate change mitigation. Owing to unpredictable future risks and the need for new forests that provide multiple ecosystem services, mixed-species forests have been advocated for this purpose. However, the successful establishment of mixed forests requires intrinsic knowledge of biodiversity's role for forest ecosystem functioning. In this respect, a better understanding of tree-tree interactions and how they contribute to observed positive tree species richness effects on key ecosystem functions is critical. Here, we review the current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of tree-tree interactions and argue that positive net biodiversity effects at the community scale may emerge from the dominance of positive over negative interactions at the local neighbourhood scale. In a second step, we demonstrate how tree-tree interactions and the immediate tree neighbourhood's role can be systematically assessed in a tree diversity experiment. The expected results will improve predictions about the effects of tree interactions on ecosystem functioning based on general principles. We argue that this knowledge is urgently required to guide the design of tree species mixtures for the successful establishment of newly planted forests.
Published: 2021

46. Revisionary soft tissue reconstruction of posterior midline defects after spinal surgery—plastic reconstructive options including perforator flaps

Author: J. F. Hernekamp, Thomas Kremer, Ulrich Kneser, Nico Leibig, and Tomke Cordts
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Soft tissue, Free flap, Spinal surgery, Surgery, Soft tissue reconstruction, Medicine, Original Article, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Wound closure, business, Wound healing, Complication, Perforator flaps
Abstract: Background Chronic prevertebral soft tissue defects with exposed metal hardware following spinal surgery represent a challenging complication. Frequently patients underwent multiple previous operations due to wound complications. Surrounding soft tissues are often compromised due to malperfusion, severe subcutaneous scarring, previous local advancement flaps and therefore impair stable wound closure. Methods Patients after spinal surgery who received complex soft tissue reconstructions between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Patient`s age, risk factors, wound size, cause and defect location as well as complication rates were evaluated. A focus was set on therapeutic strategies and decision-making concerning reconstructive techniques. Results Fourteen patients receiving 27 pedicled and one free flap were included in the study. Patients mean age was 51.1 years, mean wound size was 144 cm2. Defects were located in the lumbar spine [8], cervical spine [2] and thoracic spine [1], respectively. Three patients suffered from extensive defects affecting more than one area. Mean time of flap surgery was 213 minutes. Fifteen perforator-based flaps and 11 non-perforator (classic rotation-flaps), 1 pedicled and 1 free latissimus dorsi flap were used. In 9 patients (64.3%) different flaps had to be combined in a single-staged procedure due to large wounds. Implant material was removed completely in six patients (42.9%), whereas in five patients (35.7%) implants were replaced within the operation for soft tissue reconstruction. In three patients (21.4%) initial implant removal or replacement was not possible which leads to prolonged postoperative wound infections. Conclusions Most patients with exposed spinal hardware suffered from multiple comorbidities and showed a poor general condition. Due to the reduced soft tissue quality wound healing is significantly impaired. Exposed implant material should be replaced or removed when possible. Therefore, the complete armamentarium of plastic reconstructive techniques is required for wound closure. Today, perforator flaps play a prominent role due to the variability, excellent vascularization and sufficient subcutaneous filling capacities.
Published: 2021

47. Robotics, imaging, and artificial intelligence in the catheterisation laboratory

Author: Justin E. Davies, Christopher Cook, Rafael Beyar, Nico Bruining, Paul Cummins, Dariusz Dudek, and Cardiology
Subjects: Data sharing, Modalities, Modality (human–computer interaction), business.industry, Psychological intervention, Medicine, Robotics, Image processing, The Internet, Artificial intelligence, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Visualization
Abstract: The catheterisation laboratory today combines diagnosis and therapeutics, through various imaging modalities and a prolific list of interventional tools, led by balloons and stents. In this review, we focus primarily on advances in image-based coronary interventions. The X-ray images that are the primary modality for diagnosis and interventions are combined with novel tools for visualisation and display, including multiimaging co-registration modalities with three- and four-dimensional presentations. Interpretation of the physiologic significance of coronary stenosis based on prior angiographic images is being explored and implemented. Major efforts to reduce X-ray exposure to the staff and the patients, using computer-based algorithms for image processing, and novel methods to limit the radiation spread are being explored. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning for better patient care requires attention to universal methods for sharing and combining large data sets and for allowing interpretation and analysis of large cohorts of patients. Barriers to data sharing using integrated and universal protocols should be overcome to allow these methods to become widely applicable. Robotic catheterisation takes the physician away from the ionising radiation spot, enables coronary angioplasty and stenting without compromising safety, and may allow increased precision. Remote coronary procedures over the internet, that have been explored in virtual and animal studies and already applied to patients in a small pilot study, open possibilities for sharing experience across the world without travelling. Application of those technologies to neurovascular, and particularly stroke interventions, may be very timely in view of the need for expert neuro-interventionalists located mostly in central areas.
Published: 2021

48. The Difficulties in End-of-Life Discussions - Family Inventory (DEOLD-FI): Development and Initial Validation of a Self-Report Questionnaire in a Sample of Terminal Cancer Patients

Author: Winfried Rief, Liv Betker, Nico Leppin, Antonia Barke, Daniel Berthold, Christian Volberg, Pia von Blanckenburg, Carola Seifart, Katharina Nagelschmidt, Ulf Sibelius, and Jorge Riera Knorrenschild
Subjects: Adult, Male, Palliative care, Context (language use), Affect (psychology), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Neoplasms, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Nursing, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Response rate (survey), Terminal Care, business.industry, Construct validity, Middle Aged, Exploratory factor analysis, Death, Distress, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Quality of Life, Self Report, Neurology (clinical), business, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Context Open end-of-life communication is especially important within the patient-family unit of care and can positively affect their medical, psychological, and relational outcomes. Nevertheless, end-of-life discussions are often perceived as difficult and avoided. Objectives To develop and validate the Difficulties in End-of-Life Discussions - Family Inventory (DEOLD-FI) to allow a systematic assessment of reasons why people shy away from end-of-life discussions. Methods Patients with advanced cancer were recruited and completed the DEOLD-FI and measures of avoidance of cancer communication, quality of life and distress, and the experienced difficulty as well as the occurrence of end-of-life discussions. Standard item analyses and an exploratory factor analysis were conducted. Construct validity was analysed through associations between the DEOLD-FI and the aforementioned measures. Results Questionnaires were obtained from 112 participants (53% response rate; male 54%, mean age 64.9 years [range 33–94]). In the final 23-item version two factors were extracted: ‘emotional burden due to end-of-life discussions’ (α = 0.90) and “negative attitudes towards end-of-life discussions” (α = 0.91) explaining 69% of the variance (total scale α = 0.93). Construct validity was supported by its significant correlations with the reported difficulty in end-of-life discussions (r = 0.42) and avoidance of cancer communication (r = 0.40 to r = 0.46) and insignificant correlations with quality of life (r = -0.11), distress (r = 0.16), and physical well-being (r = 0.02). Those who had already engaged in end-of-life discussions showed significantly fewer communication barriers. Conclusion Results provide evidence that the DEOLD-FI is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of difficulties in end-of-life discussions. Benefits for clinical practice and research are discussed.
Published: 2021

49. Sicherheitsrelevante Testszenarien für automatisierte Fahrfunktionen

Author: Dirk Frerichs, Nico Weber, Ulrich Eberle, and Martin Herrmann
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Automotive Engineering, business, Automotive engineering
Published: 2021

50. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is associated with prostate cancer in a population-based cohort study

Author: Ulrich Dührsen, Andreas Stang, Börge Schmidt, Mirjam Frank, Jan Dürig, Susanne Moebus, Raimund Erbel, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Nico Dragano, and Nicola Hornung
Subjects: Male, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Science, Population, Medizin, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance, Risk Assessment, Article, Population based cohort, Prostate cancer, Risk Factors, immune system diseases, Internal medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, cardiovascular diseases, education, Cancer, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Prostatic Neoplasms, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Medicine, business, Haematological diseases, Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Cohort study
Abstract: Register-based studies indicate a possible association of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and prostate cancer (PCa). Aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between MGUS and PCa considering potentially shared risk factors. Data from the prospective population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study of 2.385 men (age 45–85) were analyzed. MGUS was determined at three points in time; cases of cancer were assessed annually. Potentially shared risk factors were assessed at baseline. Hazard ratios (HR), adjusted for age and educational attainment, and corresponding 95%-confidence intervals (95%-CI) were calculated. 157 cases of MGUS and 143 incident cases of PCa were detected. Of 19 participants diagnosed with both, MGUS and incident PCa, only in one case MGUS did not clearly occur before PCa. MGUS was associated with PCa presenting a HR of 2.00 (95%-CI: 1.23–3.25). Stratified by isotype, IgM-MGUS showed the strongest association with PCa. There was no relevant change of the effect estimate when adjusting for potentially shared risk factors. We were able to give supporting evidence for an association between MGUS and PCa and pointed out its temporality. There was no indication that the observed association is due to shared risk factors. The present study indicated that different isotypes of MGUS differ in the strength of the effect on PCa-risk. Based on these findings, future studies investigating the pathophysiological background of the association will be needed.
Published: 2021

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