Search

This study examines the effect of behavioural therapy (biofeedback) and interferential current on bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients.Fifty patients with secondary progressive type multiple sclerosis (SPMS) suffering from bladder dysfunction were divided equally into two groups randomly. Group A (GA) received behavioural therapy (biofeedback training), while Group B (GB) received interferential current training. Both groups were assessed by urodynamics for detrusor pressure and maximum flow rate before and after eight weeks of behavioural therapy and interferential training.Both groups, GA and GB, showed significant increase in the detrusor pressure and maximum flow rate after eight weeks of training. There was no significant difference between both methods. However, GA showed more improvement by close observation.Both behavioural therapy and interferential current training effectively managed bladder dysfunction in patients with SPMS, with more evident effects in behavioural therapy patients by close observation.لمقارنة تأثير العلاج السلوكي (التغذية الراجعة) والتيار التداخلي على اختلال وظائف المثانة لدى مرضى التصلب المتعدد.تم تقسيم خمسين مريضا يعانون من مرض التصلب المتعدد التدريجي الثانوي (الذين يعانون من اختلال وظائف المثانة) بالتساوي إلى مجموعتين بشكل عشوائي. تلقت المجموعة "أ" العلاج السلوكي (تدريب التغذية الراجعة)، بينما تلقت المجموعة "ب" تدريب تيار تداخلي. تم تقييم كلا المجموعتين من خلال ديناميكا البول لضغط عضلة المثانة ومعدل التدفق الأقصى قبل وبعد ثمانية أسابيع من العلاج السلوكي والتدريب التداخلي.كلا المجموعتين أظهرت زيادة ذات دلالة احصائية في ضغط عضلة المثانة ومعدل التدفق الأقصى بعد ثمانية أسابيع من التدريب. بينما أظهرت المجموعة أ فقط زيادة أكبر بالملاحظة.أظهر كل من العلاج السلوكي والتدريب بالتيار التداخلي فاعلية في علاج ضعف المثانة لدى المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض التصلب المتعدد التدريجي الثانوي، مع تأثيرات إيجابية أكثر وضوحا في مرضى مجموعة العلاج السلوكي.

الملخص: أهداف البحث: تقييم ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري لدى المراهقين الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين ١٢ ١٨ عاما ومعرفة ما إذا كان هناك اختلاف في أداء عضلات الجذع باختلاف نوع مؤشر كتلة الجسم. طرق البحث: تم قياس ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري لدى ١٨٠ شخصا (تتراوح أعمارهم من ١٢ إلى ١٨ عاما) تم تصنيفهم الى أربع مجموعات وفقا لمؤشر كتلة الجسم. كما تم إجراء التقييم باستخدام جهاز الايزوكينيتك حيث تم تقييم ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري بسرعات ٦٠ درجة و١٢٠ درجة / ثانية. وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام تحليل التباين متعدد الاتجاهات لتحديد ما إذا كانت هناك أي فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعات الأربع. النتائج: أشارت نتائج تحليل التباين متعدد الاتجاهات إلى انخفاض في قوة عضلات الجذع مع زيادة مؤشر كتلة الجسم. وكذلك أوضحت النتائج ارتفاعا ملحوظا في عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة عضلات الجذع في مجموعة الأشخاص ذوي الوزن الطبيعي مقارنة بالأشخاص الذين يعانون من نقص الوزن وزيادة الوزن والسمنة. وأيضا أظهرت نتائج معامل ارتباط بيرسون وجود ارتباطا معنويا سلبيا بين الوزن وعزم دوران الذروة للعضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري. وكان هناك ارتباط سلبي ملحوظ بين الوزن ومتوسط قوة هذه العضلات. الاستنتاجات: خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة سلبية بين مؤشر كتلة الجسم وعزم الدوران الأقصى ومتوسط قوة عضلات الجذع والعضلات القابضة والباسطة للظهر. وبالتالي يجب أن تتضمن برامج إعادة التأهيل للمراهقين الذين يعانون من زيادة الوزن والسمنة برنامج لتقوية عضلات الظهر بهدف تحسين فاعلية تلك التدخلات العلاجية وبالتالي تحسين نوعية حياة هؤلاء الأشخاص. Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the isokinetic performance for the peak torque and average power of the spinal flexor and extensor muscles in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The study also analyses the differences between the trunk muscle peak torque and average power with body mass index (BMI). Method: The peak torque and average power of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles were measured in 180 adolescents (aged 12–18 years). The participants were classified into four groups according to BMI. The Biodex isokinetic dynamometer in concentric mode at speeds of 60° and 120°/sec was used for assessment. Results: One-way multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA results demonstrated a significant difference in trunk muscle peak torque and average power with different BMI (F = 14.692, p = 0.0005). A Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated a significantly negative correlation between weight and peak torque of trunk flexors and extensors (r = - 0.43, p = 0.0001; r = −0.31, p = 0.007, respectively). Finally, the results showed a negative correlation between weight and average power of trunk flexors and extensors (r = −0.54, p = 0.0001; r = −0.31, p = 0.007). Conclusion: In this study, overweight and obese adolescents are found to be correlated with decreased trunk muscle torque and power. Thus, therapeutic interventions for overweight and obese adolescents, along with exercise training programmes, may help improve muscle performance including peak torque and power. Finally, these measures may enhance the quality of life of such adolescents.

[Purpose] To compare flexion and extension peak torque of patients with nonspecific-chronic low back pain who were classified as directional preference subgroups, and their matched healthy controls. [Participants and Methods] Fifty male volunteers (25 with non-specific chronic low back pain and 25 healthy-matched controls) consented to participate. The investigator collected all demographic data, hips, knees and spinal mobility in addition to the peak torque using the Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. The measurement protocol consisted of 2 sets of 10 consecutive flexion-extension efforts performed at 120°/sec and 60°/sec angular velocity. A two minutes rest period was given between sets. The preset 50° range of motion included 20°(+20°) of trunk extension and 30°(-30°) of trunk flexion. [Results] A 2 × 2 mixed-design ANOVA showed a significant group X isokinetic velocity interaction. The main effect of isokinetic velocity was also significant. In reference to the peak torque of the flexors of the trunk, the main effect of group was significant. [Conclusion] The extension peak torque significantly depends on the velocity of the isokinetic dynamometer; however the flexion peak torque significantly depends on the participants' group attribution.

[Purpose] To explore the relationship between functional outcome measurements of spinal mobility, static balance and functional performance. [Participants and Methods] Fifty two healthy participants aged between 18-36 years participated. Spinal mobility included forward bending and side bending. Balance was tested via maintaining single-leg stance position with eyes open and with eyes closed. Functional testing included five times squat to stand, walking on heels and walking on tiptoes. [Results] Two-way mixed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) consistency model average measure (ICC3,K) for single-leg standing with the eyes are open and closed was excellent (0.85) and very good (0.79) respectively. Mean forward spinal mobility score of the recreationally active group (M= 3.3 ± 5.7) was significantly lower (M= 9.5 ± 10.5) than inactive group. Regarding five times squat to stand, the mean score of the recreationally active group (10.4 ± 4.3) was not significantly different from the mean of the recreationally inactive group (9.5 ± 2.6). [Conclusion] Walking on heels significantly took more time and perceived with more exertion than tiptoes walking. Also, standing on one leg was harder when eyes are closed. Recreationally active had shown significant forward mobility but no difference between sidebending mobility. The relationships between different outcome measures need to be furtherly explored.

[Purpose] To identify the risk factors and the stroke types in recurrent stroke patients of Madinah Al-Munawarah city. [Participants and Methods] A prospective research hospital based study was conducted through the year of 2014. The patients were entered in the study when they had recurrent cerebrovascular accident led to hospital admission. All details of patients were obtained include history, demographic data, risk factors and stroke types. [Results] Ninety-four (83.9%) ischaemic strokes, 12 (10.7%) intercerebral hemorrhage strokes and 6 (5.4%) undefined out of 112 patients had recurrent stroke found in this study. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factors (90.2%) followed by diabetes mellitus (62.5%) and ischaemic heart disease (51.8%). [Conclusion] Hypertension, diabetes, and ischaemic heart disease in particular were exhibited to be crucial risk factors for stroke recurrence in this study. Future studies are needed for secondary prevention planning.

This paper presents a comparison of most capable families of distributions for modelling asymmetry. Kum-normal, stable-symmetric normal family and two of the full families were chosen, where the quality of the fit, the flexibility and the amount of asymmetry parameters were factors used for comparison. The objective of this study was to generate data with increasing levels of asymmetry and to choose the best fit. The distributions were also compared in modelling two data sets of pollution of the drinking water in the El-Sharkia governorate in Egypt. Much of this paper is concerned with the distribution theory, exploring the properties of some new recent families of distributions and, where appropriate, extolling their virtues. Relatively, much of this paper is devoted to practical application.

Background Spinal muscles endurance is fundamental for providing adequate trunk stability. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the side bridge static endurance ability of the right versus left side. Methods Forty right hand dominant students, aged between 18 and 25 years, were recruited from Taibah University. Every participant had to lie down on his side and bear trunk weight on the arm with shoulder abducted to 90∘ and elbow flexed to 90∘. Every participant had to lift off his trunk of the supporting surface, keeping the trunk straight in neutral position, breathing normally and holding on that position as long as tolerated. Results A paired sample t test was calculated. The mean score, in seconds, for right side bridge was 41.6 (SD = 30.08), and for left side bridge was 38.00 (SD = 26.93). No significant difference was found between right and left side bridge endurance ability [t (39) = 1.67, p> 0.05]. Pearson correlation showed high positive correlation [r (38) = 0.89, p Conclusions Among healthy participants, clinicians should expect very close endurance profile for the musculature of the two sides of trunk. Clinicians should equally train both sides of trunk muscles stabilizers in order to enhance tolerance.

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. A number of studies were conducted in Saudi Arabia. However, there were no studies conducted in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah city. Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain the incidence rate of first time stroke and the age-specific incidence in both genders in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah city. Methods: A prospective hospital based study was conducted over a 1-year period (2014). The cases were included in the study when they were admitted with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident. Results: A total 164 patients (91 men and 73 women) who had first time stroke were found in this study with no significant difference between them (p = 0.565). The crude incidence rate of stroke was 13.89 per 100,000 persons. The age-specific incidence rate increased with age in the current study, where the peak was in the age group of more than 75 years old for men and women. Conclusions: Total crude and the age-specific rates for first time stroke patients revealed in this study were markedly lower than the range reported from the developed countries. However, they were within the range that showed previously in Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula countries.

Pervasive Computing is a very challenging and complex domain that still lacks a comprehensive unified architecture. In this paper, we propose a reference architecture for pervasive computing that captures most, if not all, of the key challenges and provides a new architecture model that can be used in almost any business context. It provides conceptual views for the smart environment (SE), the smart object (SO), and the pervasive system (PS). We evaluated the model using a simulation prototype to predict its reliability at runtime.

Pervasive computing systems are complex and challenging. In this research, a novice statistical approach is introduced to resolve conflicts among the pervasive system requirements. It is based on a basic requirements model used in our reference architecture for pervasive computing (PervCompRA-SE). The approach uses the normal distribution rules to validate the solutions for the conflicts. It can save time and effort for the business analyst and the software architect especially when the system scope is too large, the access to the stakeholders is limited, or when there are constraints on the project’s timelines.

The main objective of the study was to compare the biomedical and bio -psychosocial models of delivery of health care in the physical therapy and rehabilitation fields. An expert in the field with over 25 years of experience in multiple academic institutions and clinical practices was invited to have a through professional discussion using real life didactic educational model. The expert has engaged in full discussion with students, clinicians, staff members and other professionals to understand their perspectives regarding the practical application of the benefits obtained from adopting either the biomedical or the bio-psychosocial model of care delivery. A real complex case scenario was fully described to communicate the benefits and drawbacks derived from adopting certain model of care delivery. About 84% of participants indicated that they are lacking adequate understanding of the philosophy behind either model of health care delivery especially with complex rehabilitation conditions. In conclusion, the bio-psychosocial model of delivery of health care is more comprehensive and viable for addressing the multidimensional aspects of the needs of complex physical therapy and rehabilitation conditions.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) in treatment of patients with chronic neck pain (CNP) on cervical range of motion (ROM), pain, and functional activity. Sixty male patients participated in this study with mean (SD) age of 35.47 (4.18) years. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups and treated with HILT plus exercise (HILT + EX) and placebo laser plus exercise (PL + EX) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The outcomes measured were cervical ROM, pain level by visual analog scale (VAS), and functional activity by neck disability index (NDI) score. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the differences between baseline and post-treatment. The level of statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. Cervical ROM significantly increased after 6 weeks of treatment in all groups. VAS and NDI results showed significant decrease post-treatment in both groups. HILT + EX effectively increased cervical ROM and decreased VAS and NDI scores after 6 weeks of treatment compared to PL + EX. HILT + EX is an effective physical therapy modality for patients with CNP compared to PL + EX therapy. The combination of HILT + EX effectively increased cervical ROM, functional activity, and reduced pain after 6 weeks of treatment.

An efficient development strategy for pervasive computing requires that the smart object manufacturers design their devices with profound facilities that can be accessible for developers. In our in-progress research, we present a high level design for smart object essential handlers. This design establishes rules and regulations for the development of pervasive computing in general and promotes for quality in pervasive systems in particular.

Background : Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (SDCP) is the most common form of cerebral palsy.It is characterized by multiple postural disorders.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of postural control training using Biodex balance system on back geometry. Method: Forty SDCP children (22 boys and 18 girls) in the age ranged from 5 to 7 years old were randomly allocated into two groups of 20 children each. All children were assessed before and after the treatment program by the formetric system. The study group received postural control training using Biodex balance system and therapeutic exercise program. The control group received only the therapeutic exercise program. Results: The results revealed significant improvement in all post treatment mean values which was higher for the study group. Conclusion: Postural control training using Biodex balance system can be used to improve postural alignments in children with spastic diplegia.

Spinal extensors endurance is a vital and fundamental pillar for the general endurance. Good endurance helps in injury prevention, and improves efficiency in all physical activities across different ages. Endurance testing of back extensors has been extensively examined in literature but there are many criticisms to the suitability and the practicality of the commonly used tests. The purpose of this study was to compare the endurance ability of the trunk extensors on the Swiss ball and on the peanut ball. Thirty five physical therapy students, aged between 18 and 22 years, were recruited from college of medical rehabilitation to participate in the study. The physical therapist demonstrated the activity to the participants. Every participant had to lie down over the gym ball and the peanut ball and arch the trunk backwards as long as tolerated. The order of measurement was counterbalanced. The mean score, in minutes, on the gym ball was 2.00 (SD=0.93), and the mean on the peanut ball was 2.48(SD=0.87). A significant increase in endurance holding time from gym ball to peanut ball was found [ t (34)= -3.43, p