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Introduction: Post operative pain relief is desired goal after tonsillectomy, infiltration of local anesthetic with or without adjuvant can reduce post tonsillectomy pain. Objective: To compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and side-effects of peritonsillar-infiltration of ropivacaine with or without dexmeditomidine. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients aged 4-14 years posted for tonsillectomy under GA were randomly assigned in two groups of 30 each. In group R: Inj. ropivacaine (0.5%) 0.2ml/kg and in group RD: Inj.ropivacaine (0.5%) 0.2 ml/kg + Inj. dexmeditomidine 1mcg/kg were infiltrated in peritonsillar fossa post tonsillectomy. Patient were monitored for post-operative pain using VAS score, CHEOPS score and Wong baker pain rating scale at 30 minute, 1hr, 2hr, 4hr, 10 hr, 16hr and 24hr, pain on deglutination, time to first analgesic requirement, total dose of analgesics requirement in 24 hr postoperatively, amount of bleeding and parent’s satisfaction score. Results: VAS score, CHEOPS and Wong baker pain rating scale were comparable in both the groups at 30 min, 1hr, 2hr (P >0.05) but it was significantly low in group RD as compared to group R at 4hr, 10hr, 16hr and 24hr (P Conclusion: We concluded, peritonsillar infiltration of ropivacaine with or without dexmeditomidine is effective method for post-tonsillectomy pain relief. Addition of dexmeditomidine was found to prolong duration, decrease analgesic requirement and improve parent’s satisfaction score. Keywords: Tonsillectomy, Visual analog score, CHEOPS, Wong baker pain rating scale, Ropivacaine and dexmeditomidine.

Introduction: It is important for parturient to have less pain and to ambulate early in order to prevent venous thrombosis and to facilitate child care. Transversusabdominis plane (TAP) block is a recent peripheral nerve block technique which is used for the lower abdominal wall surgical procedure. Materials and Methods: Study was carried out in 60 patients. Patients were randomly divided in two groups of 30 patients each by computer generated random no. method. After completion of caesarean section under spinal anesthesia, TAP block was given with 15 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally in group Band with 15 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine bilaterally in group R. Pain severity was measured by Visual Analog Scale. Total dose and frequency of rescue analgesics required in 24 hours, effect on hemodynamic variables, side effects & complications if any were noted. Result: VAS score have significantly less in group R (PPP Conclusion: There has been growing interest in regional nerve block techniques in recent era with significant results on efficacy, as they decrease the requirement of supplemental analgesia. TAP block is a very effective technique with excellent efficacy after various abdominal surgeries including cesarean section. Keywords: TAP block, Bupivacaine, Ropivacaine.

Digital systems interfaced networks predominantly govern present day society. Authentication of an individual is of greater importance for security and protection of a robust network-based world. Biometric recognition is one of the interests for researchers to cater this need. Person identification based on voice recognition using mean clustering and medoid clustering approaches are implemented and analyzed here. The pre-emphasized speech signal acquired by microphone is subjected to silence removal and endpoint detection. The time series speech waveform thus obtained is subjected to MFCC and pitch computation. Three classes of c-means: Hard c-means, fuzzy c-means, and rough c- means algorithms are implemented and compared with three classes of medoid algorithms: hard c-medoid, fuzzy c-medoids, and rough c-medoid. The fuzzy c-medoid algorithm outperforms the other voice-recognition systems in terms of recognition accuracy.

The efficacy of supravital staining in the detection of malignancies in oro and oropharyngeal lesions and its role in the detection of malignant changes in premalignant lesions were studied. This prospective study comprises 90 cases of clinically suspicious lesions and it was done over a period of 3 years. Most of the patients had multiple risk factors for the development of malignancy. All underwent staining with a modified solution of 1% toluidine blue (TB). In our study the overall sensitivity was 97.29% and the specificity was 62.5%.