Search

Electric field grading devices have great importance for both the electric power transmission and distribution systems. This paper presents an improved electric field grading device used in the medium voltage metal-enclosed switchgear. The solutions have been carried out by using Ansys Maxwell 3D software. The structure of two electrodes designed as cylindrical and elliptical have been compared to determine the electric field grading device to be used in practice. The transient and steady-state analyses have been performed in both designs. The field grading device manufactured for the metal-enclosed switchgear has been tested according to IEC standards in a high voltage laboratory environment. This study revealed that the newly designed field-grading device can be used in the metal-enclosed switchgear more safely. It also encourages researchers to optimize the electric field distribution using different geometric structures and to create running conditions in smaller indoor environments. Turkish Electromechanical Industry Company (TEMSAN) The authors would like to thank the Turkish Electromechanical Industry Company (TEMSAN) for their financial support in design and HIZAL laboratory testing processes. WOS:000612200300002 2-s2.0-85100737144

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is one of the most important viral infections and is caused by Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV). Severity of CCHF can vary from a mild and nonspecific illness, to a severe disease with fatal outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have increasing impact on the different pathways of viral infections. Within the transition process from acute phase to convalescence with 18 CCHF patients, we investigated the impacts on miRNA via microarray for the first time. We also compared miRNA gene expression within 16 severe and 15 mild cases. We identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) pathways associated with significant miRNAs utilizing DIANA TOOLS mirPath v.3. In this study miR-15b-5p and miR-29a-3p were significantly downregulated in statistical terms; miR-4741, miR-937-5p, miR-6068, miR-7110-5p miR-6126 and miR-7107-5p were upregulated in acute cases in comparison with convalescent patients (p≤0.05). 28 miRNAs (8 downregulated, 20 upregulated) were differentially expressed in severe CCHF patients compared with mild cases (p≤0.05). While miR-6732-3p, miR-4436b-5p, miR-483-3p, miR-6807-5p had the highest downregulation; miR-532-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-29c-3p and let-7f-5p had the highest upregulation in severe patients in comparison with mild cases. Consequently, we determined that CCHF induced miRNAs are associated with antiviral and proinflammatory pathways in acute and severe cases. In comparison with convalescence, these miRNAs in acute period may be therapeutic targets. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

In this study, harvesters, sensors and data acquisition cards were designed and tested to obtain data from transmission lines. In this context; numerical analyses of harvesters with two different core geometries were performed with Ansys Maxwell software. Then the voltage and power harvested by the harvesters at different line currents were measured with pre-tests in the laboratory. Analyses’ results and pre-test’s results were examined and it was determined that the geometric structure (double C) model suitable for use in overhead transmission lines with high current could be used. The field test was carried out on a distribution transformer. In the field test, the harvester mounted on the transformer supply line has charged the battery supplying the sensor circuit with sufficient power to ensure normal operation of the system. A circuit is designed to measure air temperature, humidity, pressure, altitude, air quality and transformer temperature and to transmit them to the remote distance with RF transmitter. Data received on the data collection card can be recorded at certain periods and time-based graphs of the data can be obtained by a computer interface program. The energy of this circuit is to meet the energy harvested from the electromagnetic field.

Increased reliability and early detection of potential problems in all processes of electrical energy have a vital role in monitoring the situation. Sensors which sense the line data, such as power, voltage, current, line sags, temperature, and degree of icing etc. are traditionally powered by batteries. However, in recent years, by using energy harvesting methods, data of the energy transmission line can be obtained by the development of self-supplying wireless monitoring technologies. The energy needs of the wireless sensor system can be met with electromagnetic harvesters. Therefore, in this study, two harvester structures were investigated to harvest energy from the magnetic field directly on the line. Using the Ansys-Maxwell software, the magnetic field distribution on the transmission line of single C core and mutual C core harvesters was investigated. In addition, the change in voltage induced by two harvesters was investigated experimentally according to the change in line current. Preliminary tests of the designed card connected to the harvester were performed in order to obtain the data of the line. Sensor data has been successfully received.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are generally classified as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides (nt). The various lncRNAs expressed in infected cells are responsible for regulating the expression of viral and host genes. This is the first study to investigate hepatocellular carcinoma upregulated long non-coding RNA (HULC) and 7SL RNA expression levels in patients with CCHF. Blood samples were taken from 100 individuals (60 patients and 40 controls), and total RNA isolation was performed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed using the SYBR Green method to determine HULC and 7SL RNA expression levels in the study population. Compared the patient and control groups, HULC was upregulated statistically significantly (P = 0.04) and 7SL RNA was downregulated (P = 0.93) in patients. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between fatal cases and surviving patients for HULC and 7SL RNA (P

WOS: 000450866100008, PubMed ID: 29737876, Background: Atherosclerosis is a disease of the arterial wall with predilection to some sites on others. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of the non-coding RNAs regulating the target gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Different miRNAs were found at distinct stages of plaque development and expression of miRNAs' might play an important role in the local behaviour of atherosclerotic plaques. Objective: We aimed to investigate and compare mirR-221/222 expression levels in tissues and in circulation in patients with and without overt atherosclerosis. Methods: RNA was isolated from 40 tissues as 20 tissue samples from coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques (CAAP) and internal mammary arteries (IMA), obtained from same individual) and 80 blood (44 patients with atherosclerosis and 36 healthy subjects) samples. MiR-221/222 expression levels were measured using real time PCR. Results: Expression levels of miR-221 was significantly increased in CAAP compared with completely atherosclerosis-free IMA tissues with a 8.94 times fold-change (p = 0.015). The miR-221 expression in tissue samples was significantly different in patients with hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.010), hypertension (p = 0.018) and family history of CAD (p = 0.033) versus not. Expression of miR-222 was not statistically significant between the two tissue samples overall. Conclusions: MiR-221 may be a potential biomarker for local atherosclerotic behavior, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University Sivas [T-641]; TUBITAK, Turkey [214S031], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (Project No: T-641) Sivas and TUBITAK (Project No: 214S031), Turkey.

Free piston generators are of interest due to their efficiency, compact construction, and multiple options for combustion. Much of the research into this type of generator has been facilitated by highly-developed internal combustion engine technology. This study was concerned with the design and application of tubular generator. The design model was developed using the matrix laboratory graphical user interface programming tool, and the designed interface was of dynamic type. The sizing of the generator was determined in accordance with the main parameters specified via the interface. In addition, as a benefit of using sizing data, the automatic geometry was formed and analyzed using ANSYS Maxwell software. The magnets and the dynamic part of the tubular-structured generator were shaped polygonally. Numerical analyses were made by adopting the finite element method in the software and construction of the prototype model was based on the results from these findings. The generator was excited by use of the crank rod mechanism to imitate the conditions of a functioning free piston mechanism. Current and voltage values were obtained at mechanical frequencies of 10 Hz and 20 Hz, and this data was subsequently analyzed. Global code translation was given in attachment in order to allow communication between the ANSYS Maxwell and MATLAB GUI software. (C) 2022 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.

This study explores the use of electrostatic cleaning to remove dust from the surface of photovoltaic solar panels. First of all, existing systems used for dust removal from solar panels were evaluated. Then, the effects of dust on the panel were investigated for Şanlıurfa province in Turkey. In addition, the elemental content of the powder was analyzed. A new device for electrostatic cleaning has been designed and implemented. The cleaning performance of this device has been tested considering the electrode designs. The electric field value was determined by analytical and numerical methods in the conventional model (parallel electrode) model. Electric field distribution was investigated using Ansys Maxwell simulation software. The printed circuit boards of the proposed model and the conventional model were produced. The traditional model with positive and negative waveform is widely used in electrostatic cleaner studies. Dust removal efficiencies and electrical losses for different frequency and voltage values were compared for both cards. It has been shown that the proposed model can perform cleaning with high efficiency despite similar loss variation.

WOS: 000451434000005, PubMed ID: 30168273, Aim: Functional polymorphisms located in FOXP3 intron 1 was recently found to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although RA is an autoimmune disease, there is supporting evidence that activated maladaptive responses including pro-inflammatory pathways play roles in osteoarthritis (OA), similar to RA. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between rs2232365 (-924A/G) and rs3761548 (-3279A/C) polymorphisms as well as possible changes in the 600 bp promoter region of FOXP3 and knee OA. Methods: Patients with primary knee OA (n = 300) and healthy individuals (n = 300) were examined for rs3761548 and rs2232365 FOXP3 gene polymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism method. The 600 bp promoter region (between -500 and +100) of the gene was also sequenced with direct sequencing in 50 knee OA patients and 50 healthy individuals. Results: There were no sequence variants in the promoter region tested both in OA patients and healthy controls. The SNP rs2232365 showed no association with OA susceptibility and severity and the results of other genetic models were also nonsignificant. On the other hand, rs3761548 AC (P = 0.003), AA + CC (P = 0.0014) as well as AC + AA (P = 0.40) genotypes showed association with Grade 4 knee OA patients. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the association between FOXP3 rs2232365 polymorphism and knee OA tended to yield negative results but the FOXP3 rs3761548 C allele was associated with elevated risk of OA in Grade 4 knee OA patients in a Turkish population., Cumhuriyet University of Scientific Research Projects Commission (CUBAP) of Turkey [T-702], This study was funded by a grant from Cumhuriyet University of Scientific Research Projects Commission (CUBAP) of Turkey (project number: T-702).

Axial flux machines are used frequently in wind energy applications due to their high power densities and efficiencies. However, the parametrical dependencies of those generators affect the generated power and efficiencies. For instance, turbine blade structures dimensions, change dramatically the speed and torque characteristics. Hence, this study includes a pursuit of optimization and the related design parameters for an axial generator in terms of its off grid operations. The analytical design relations and simulated data have shown that the geometric dimensions and morphology of the machine can be analyzed effectively under the finite element method and the optimization of the machine can be provided with a good accuracy by applying the response surface optimization. Cogging torque and power density formulated aim function gives a good optimization for the design. According to this approach, the general performance of the machine is maximized and the cogging torque and weight are kept to be decreased. Design variables are optimized by considering the generator size. Consequently, an optimal 4.8% increase in weight can yield to a 27.4% power enhancement in the machine.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of fatalities worldwide. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is a transcription factor that controls cell proliferation, differentiation and immunity. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first investigation of the association between CAD and NF-κB1 −94 W/D/NF-κBIA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) A→G polymorphisms. The study population comprised 226 CAD patients and 201 controls. There was no significant difference in NF-κB1A 3′-UTR A→G in the allele and genotype frequencies between case and control populations. The D allele frequency of NF-κB1 −94 in the case group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P=0.028, odds ratio=1.37). The genotype frequency of NF-κB1 −94 DD in the case group was significantly higher compared to the controls (P=0.028). Linkage analysis showed a close linkage among these 2 genes (P

WOS: 000429627800012, PubMed ID: 29424733, Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality worldwide, particularly atherosclerosis. Recently, lncRNAs affecting atherosclerotic progression have been reported in vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes, suggesting that lncRNAs play an important role in atherosclerosis. Methods: In recent clinical studies, nowadays, it was determined that internal mammary bypass grafts are closest to ideal grafts in coronary artery bypass surgery. In this study, we used tissue samples taken from atherosclerotic coronary arteries and the internal mammary artery (IMA) during coronary artery bypass surgery. Using RT-PCR, we investigated the role of two lncRNAs, FENDRR and LincRNA-p21, by comparing their expression levels in coronary artery plaques and normal mammary arteries of 20 atherosclerotic patients. Results: We found that the FENDRR and LincRNA-p21 expressions decreased by approximately 2 and 7 fold in coronary artery plaques, respectively, compared with those in IMA, which is known to have no plaque development. Conclusion: This study was the first to use mammary artery tissues of the same patients as a control and to study FENDRR expression. Our data may provide helpful insights regarding the association of lncRNAs and atherosclerosis.

WOS: 000450272100014, Objective: Coronary artery disease, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, is an inflammatory disease. The X-ray repair cross complementing 1 (XRCC1) gene plays the role of scaffolding protein for the base excision repair (BER) and single strand break (SSB) repair. Methods: The study population consisted of 402 participants living in the same region and classified into case group (n = 201) and control group (n = 201). Phenol-chloroform method was used to extract DNA from blood samples of the study participants. The X-ray repair cross complementing 1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction/ fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) methods. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the study groups in terms of allele and genotype frequencies in XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism. However, distribution of XRCC1 399Gln allele frequency was found to differ at a statistically significant level between the case and the control groups (p = 0.003; OR = 1.56). Regarding the Arg/Arg genotype in Arg399Gln polymorphism, a statistically significant difference was detected in the distribution of Gln/Gln genotype (p = 0.017; adj OR = 3.11). Statistically significant differences were also recorded for Arg399Gln polymorphism among the smoking male participants with hypertension (p = 0.009;p = 0.031;p = 0.032, respectively). Conclusion: The study suggests that XRCC1 399Gln/Gln genotype may be a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease., Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) [F-340], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-340).

Today, although medium and high frequencies have been provided a significant reduction in the size of machine, it is known that as the more frequency increases, the higher losses at conductors. In this study, wire losses of the same cross section but different structures are examined by finite elements method. Also, depending on the exchange rate in wires at conductors, changes of current density, magnetic flux density and ohmic losses were investigated. The use of different structured wires of conductors at different frequencies has been compared in terms of their losses, and given the graphics regarding to the design by special design software., Günümüzde, orta ve yüksek frekanslar, makine boyutunda önemli derecede küçülme sağlamasına rağmen bu frekanslardan kaynaklanan kayıpları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Elektrik makinalarında meydana gelen kayıplar özel sargı tasarımları ile azaltılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada aynı kesitteki tek damarlı iletken, litz iletken ve bakır folyo iletken kayıpları sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Ayrıca frekansın değişimine bağlı olarak iletkenlerdeki akım yoğunluğu, manyetik akı yoğunluğu ve omik kayıplar bir tasarım programı yardımıyla incelenmiş ve elde edilen grafikler verilmiştir.

A 3D electrostatic modeling of an inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion device has been realized. Finite element method is considered in order to identify the potential and electrical fields inside the spherical device. Two different material types are examined for the holder part of the cathode by comparing the field results. The different structures of cathode spheres are investigated for the determination of minimal and maximal field values; thereby the effect of structures on the fields and confinement process has been estimated. Parallel to our previous study, the porcelain holder presents better homogeneous field and at the center of the inner sphere. In addition, an increase of vertical rings on the inner grid affects the bottom corner of electrical potential, thereby ions are scattered to the entire region of the inner grid. According to the analyzes, there should be an optimal number vertical rings for the cathode grid structures so that one can achieve a better ion core at the middle of the grid for the confinement process. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aim. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease developing in response to injury in the vessel wall. Inflammation plays a key role in the development of atherosclerosis. Interleukin- 1α (IL-1α) has a critical role on regulation of proinflammation. The aim the study was to assess the relationship between the IL-1α -889 C/T polymorphism and the atherosclerosis. Method. The study population was composed of 117 patients (Group I) and 117 healthy adults (Group II). Genomic DNA of case and control was extracted from blood leukocytes. IL-1α genotype were further confirmed by direct sequencing of randomly selected samples. Results. 78 male and 39 female individuals in the group I, 49 men and 68 women in Group II. The average age of individuals in the Group I 61.06, the average age of individuals in the Group II 59.47 years old. The Group I 43 and the Group II were detected in 28 individuals with high cholesterol(total cholesterol>200 mg/dL). 62 individuals in the Group I and 51 individuals in the Group II was smoking. The Group I 81 individuals with high blood pressure(systolic blood pressure>140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure>90 mmHg), 42 individuals with diabetes, the Group II 32 individuals with high blood pressure, diabetes was found 41 individuals. In the atherosclerotic coronary artery patients of %54.70 individuals carrying the CC genotype, %35.04 individuals carrying the CT genotype and %10.25 individuals carrying the TT genotype constitutes. In the healty control group, %59.82 individuals carrying the CC genotype, %30.76 individuals carrying CT genotype and %9.40 individuals carrying TT genotype. IL-1α polymorphism of C allele frequency is %75.21 in the Group II and %72.22 in the Group I. T allele freguency distribution of %24.78 in the Group II and %27.77 in the Group I. Conclusion. Those with coronary artery disease group between the Group II age, sex distribution, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were found statistically significant relationship. There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to the IL-1α-889 C/T gene polymorphism., Amaç. Genetik ve çevresel faktörler arasındaki ilişki sonucu ortaya çıkan kardiyovasküler hastalıkların gelişiminde inflamasyon anahtar rol oynamaktadır. İnterlökin-1α (IL-1α) nın proinflamasyon regülasyonunda önemli rolü vardır. Bu çalışmada IL-1α-889 C/T polimorfizmi ile ateroskleroz arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem. Bu çalışma popülasyonu 117 hasta (Grup I) ve 117 sağlıklı (Grup II) bireyden oluşmuştur. Grup I ve Grup II deki bireylerin genomik DNA’sı izole edildi. IL-1α genotipleri rastgele seçilen örneklerden direkt dizi analizi yapılarak doğrulandı. Bulgular. Grup I 78 erkek ve 39 kadın bireyden, Grup II ise 49 erkek ve 68 kadın bireyden oluşmaktadır. Grup I bireylerin yaş ortalaması 61,06; Grup II bireylerin yaş ortalaması ise 59,47’dir. Grup I’de 43 bireyde, Grup II’de ise 28 bireyde yüksek kolesterol (total kolesterol > 200 mg/dL) bulundu. Grup I’de 62 bireyde, Grup II’de 51 bireyde sigara içiciliği bulundu. Grup I’de 81 bireyde yüksek tansiyon ( sistolik kan basıncı > 140 mmHg ve/veya diyastolik kan basıncı > 90 mmHg), 42 bireyde diyabet, Grup II’de 32 bireyde yüksek tansiyon, 41 bireyde diyabet bulundu. Aterosklerotik Grup I’de CC genotip taşıyan bireyler grubun %54,70’ini, CT genotip taşıyan bireyler %35,04’nü ve TT genotip taşıyan bireyler ise %10,25’ini oluşturmaktadır. Grup II’de ise bu oranlar CC genotip taşıyanlarda %59,82; CT genotip taşıyanlarda %30,76 ve TT genotip taşıyanlarda %9,40 olarak saptanmıştır. IL-1α polimorfizmi için C allel frekansı Grup II’de %75,21 ve Grup I’de %72,22’dir. T allel frekansı dağılımı Grup II’de %24,78 ve Grup I’de ise %27,77’dir. Sonuç. Koroner Arter hastalığı olan Grup I ile, kontrol grubu olan Grup II arasında yaş, cinsiyet dağılımı, hipertansiyon ve hiperkolesterolemi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Grup I ile Grup II arasında IL-1α-889 C/T gen polimorfizmi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.

WOS: 000329220100007, PubMed ID: 23692311, Coronary artery disease (CAD), which is now regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Nuclear factor (NF)-B is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system. NF-BIA is the inhibitory version of NF-B. This study is the first investigation of the association between CAD and NF-BIA-297 C/T, -826 C/T, -881 A/G polymorphisms in a Turkish population using PCR-RFLP method. The study population comprised 201 cases with CAD and 201 healthy controls. There was no significant difference in NF-B1A-297 C/T and -881 A/G in allele and genotype frequencies between case and control populations. The genotype frequency of NF-BIA-826TT in the patients with CAD was significantly higher than that of the controls (p=0.015, adjusted OR=7.09, 95% CI=1.95-25.70). The patients with CAD also had significantly higher carriage rate of NF-BIA-826T allele than the controls (p=0.03, OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.03-1.99). Linkage analysis indicated a close linkage among these three variants of NF-BIA (for case, (2)=85.35 and p, Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP), Sivas, Turkey [F-328, F-340], This study was supported by the Research Council of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP, Project No: F-328 and F-340), Sivas, Turkey.

Current harmonics of the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) varies with the shaft structures. These harmonics produce additional loses at both windings and the core of a PMSM and increase the temperature inside the machine. Such a temperature increase affects the machine parameters and the efficiency. Therefore, in order to obtain the optimum operating conditions of a PMSM, current harmonics should be analyzed. In the present study, two types of rotors for a PMSM have been simulated and evaluated with a current controlled voltage source inverter (VSI) by the help of a 3D finite element method. As a result of these simulations, motor current harmonics are examined by using the Hamming method at different modulation frequencies and the outputs of efficiencies, torques, powers and the induced voltages on windings are compared for these shaft structures. It has been proven that the current ripples and harmonics may be decreased to some extend by using a symmetrical structure among the proposed structures.

An inertial electrostatic confinement fusion device modeling has been carried out. Finite element method is used in a 3D media in order to identify the potential and electrical fields inside the device. The effects of different materials on the electrostatic features are found. In addition, different geometric arrangements for cathode sphere (i.e. inner grid) are considered for the determination of spatial potential and electrical field. The effects of dielectric materials such as porcelain and polystyrene as the cathode holder have also been explored. It is found that porcelain giving a minimal potential value at the center of inner grid in order to confine ions. Increase in number of vertical rings on the inner grid diminishes the bottom corner of electrical potential, thereby ions are scattered to the entire region of the inner grid, thereby, an optimal shape for the inner grid can be adjusted for a better ion core at the middle of the grid for the confinement.

An innovative axial-field permanent magnet generator (AFPMG) with multiple stators and double rotors is designed and the structural and electromagnetic features are investigated. This generator has two permanent magnet (PM) rotors at the left — and right-hand sides of a double-sided stator. In order to get benefit from the magnetic flux produced at the outer parts of the generator, two other stators are also positioned near the PM rotors. AFPMG is mainly considered for wind energy applications and it has three phases. The electromagnetic features are characterized by finite element method (FEM) and the transient solutions are analyzed based on a proposed equivalent magnetic circuit model using three phases of induced emf at the coils having two different geometries. New AFPMG generates 80V at each phase for a constant velocity of 125 rpm and it has an efficient dynamics with low cogging torque values.