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A dual sub-pulse train 1064 nm picosecond radially polarized beam pump KGW single-pass Raman generator was designed. The Stokes lines of both the 768 cm−1 and 901 cm−1 vibrational modes of the KGW Raman-active crystal were excited simultaneously. The Raman generator radiated up to seven Stokes lines in the infrared spectrum, which covered multiple optical communication channels. The overall Stokes average power reached 1.01 W, and the maximum Raman overall conversion efficiency was 23.1%. The interaction between the optical field and the Raman crystal was discussed from two perspectives of line width compression and beam quality.

The aim of our study was to explore how C1QTNF1-AS1 regulated miR-221-3p/SOCS3 axis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes were examined via RNA-seq. GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out based on the function of dys-regulated mRNAs. RT-qPCR was employed to detect the relative mRNA expression level of C1QTNF1-AS1, miR-221-3p, SOCS3 and key genes in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in HCC tissues and cells, and western blot analysis was conducted to detect the relative protein expression levels of SOCS3 and key proteins in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in HCC tissues and cells. MTT assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry were utilized to assess HCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the targeted relationship between C1QTNF1-AS1 and miR-221-3p, as well as between miR-221-3p and SOCS3. A tumorigenicity assay in nude mice was conducted to investigate the effects of C1QTNF1-AS1 on HCC tumor growth in vivo. C1QTNF1-AS1 and SOCS3 were down-regulated, while miR-221-3p was up-regulated in HCC tissues and cells. In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, overexpression of C1QTNF1-AS1 or SOCS3, as well as silence of miR-221-3p inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted HCC cell apoptosis. The results of the dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miR-221-3p could directly target both C1QTNF1-AS1 and SOCS3. In addition, up-regulation of C1QTNF1-AS1 suppressed HCC tumor growth in vivo. Overexpression of C1QTNF1-AS1 down-regulated miR-221-3p and subsequently up-regulated SOCS3, thereby inhibiting HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promoting apoptosis through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Motion vector (MV) searching plays an important role in video compression and object tracking. In this work, an advanced MV searching algorithm is proposed. The key idea is to adjust the searching window according to the global motion vector of previous coded frame. The movement of a video can be classified into object motion and camera movement. That is, total motion = object motion + camera movement. The camera movement introduce the global motion vector, which is usually the same for any part of a video. Moreover, for most of videos, the direction of object motion usually distributes non-uniformly. For example, the video taken from the roads has much more horizontal motions than vertical motions. Based on these facts, in this work, we proposed an effective MV searching algorithm using global motion information and direction priors to design a dynamic searching window. Different from existing works, which using the same searching range in all directions, in this work, we make the search range configurable in four directions. Simulations show that two-thirds computation is saving by proposed MV searching scheme with only 0.20db PSNR quality degradation in average.

Background and Purpose:Mu-opioids remain vastly important for pain treatment, and would represent ideal analgesics if their analgesic effects could be separated from their many side effects.Exoticin, an extract of Murraya exotica, has been shown to have an analgesic effect which can be blocked by naloxone.Here, we hypothesized that the analgesic effect of Exoticin is mediated by 6-transmembrane (6TM) of the mu-opioid receptor. Experimental Approach:We determines the analgesic EC50 of Exoticin by using the hot-plate assay.The analgesia of Exoticin was evaluated after intrathecal administration with mu, delta, and kappa antagonists in C57BL/6 mice. Antinociceptive effects of Exoticin on formalin or Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) mediated allodynia and heat-hyperalgesia were assessed in exon 11 mu-opioid knockout (E11 KO) and exon 1/ exon 11 mu-opioid double knockout (E1/E11 KO) mice. Opioid-related side effects, such as respiration depression, constipation, locomotor activity and dependence were assessed.Finally, to verify the effect of 6TM on Exoticin, the analgesic effect of Exoticin mediated by 6TM of the mu-opioid receptor was determined by over-expression of the adeno-associated virus (AAV) in E1/E11KO mu-opioid mice. Key Results:Delta, kappa antagonists in WT mice had no impact on Exoticin analgesia, while mice which received the mu antagonist markedly lowered. Loss of the truncated 6TM variants in the E11 KO mouse eliminated Exoticin analgesia. Restoring expression of a 6TM variant with an AAV-mMor-1G rescued Exoticin analgesia in E1/E11 KO mouse that no expressed the 7-transmembrane (7TM) variants. Conclusion and Implications:Exoticin analgesia depended upon the expression of exon 11-associated truncated 6TM variants of mu-opioid receptor.

We report high-energy, high-efficiency second harmonic generation in a near-infrared all-solid-state burst-mode picosecond laser at a repetition rate of 1 kHz with four pulses per burst using a type-I noncritical phase-matching lithium triborate crystal. The pulses in each burst have the same time delay ( ${\sim}1~\text{ns}$ ), the same pulse duration ( ${\sim}100~\text{ps}$ ) and different relative amplitudes that can be adjusted separately. A mode-locked beam from a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror is pulse-stretched, split into seed pulses and injected into a Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier. After the beam is reshaped by aspheric lenses, a two-stage master oscillator power amplifier and 4f imaging systems are applied to obtain a high power of ${\sim}100~\text{W}$ . The 532 nm green laser has a maximum conversion efficiency of 68%, an average power of up to 50 W and a beam quality factor $M^{2}$ of 3.5.

A single pulse energy 6.77mJ, repetition rate of 1kHz, pulse width of 11ps at 532nm wavelength with the near top-hat intensity profile in the near filed picosecond laser amplification system is realized using a semiconductor laser side pumped Nd:YAG crystal. The seed pulse is generated in a home-built Nd:YVO4 oscillator, pumped with a 808 nm CW diode laser. The oscillator provides 2.8nJ, 11ps pulse width, 86 MHz repetition rate at 1064 nm wavelength. Pulse from the Nd:YVO4 oscillator is first amplified to 1.5mJ by a diode side-pump Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier. Then the pulse, increased in size by a negative lens, sequentially passed through a circular aperture and a spatial filter-image relaying system to produce a top-hat intensity profile in the modules, and an 8th order super-Gaussian beam is obtained, and total transmission of beam shaping set-up is about 30%. The beam, passed through a double-pass preamplifier of single rod and a double-pass main amplifier of single rod, is amplified up to 17.3mJ, corresponding peak power is 1.57 GW. A 4F relay-imaging system is used in the amplification stages to preserve the top-hat intensity profile and compensate the thermally induced birefringence of Nd:YAG rod. The amplified output beam leaving the double-pass Nd:YAG module is decreased in size and imaged on a 5×5×13 m^3 second-harmonic generation (SHG) crystal-LBO by a 4F relay-imaging system, finally a 532nm approximate top-hat intensity profile in the near filed, which single pulse energy is 6.77mJ, is obtained after doublefrequency. The second-harmonic generation efficiency is over 51%.

Augmented Reality has been utilized for surgical training. During the implementation, displaying instructional information at the right moment is critical for skill acquisition. We built a new surgical training platform combining augmented reality system (HoloLens, Microsoft) with an eye-tracker (Pupil labs, Germany). Our goal is to detect the moments of performance difficulty using the integrated eye-tracker so that the system could display instructions at the precise moment when the user is seeking instructional information during a surgical skill practice in simulation. In the paper, we describe the system design, system calibration and data transferring between these devices.

Azimuthal polarization beam amplification up to an average power of 11.08 W using the Nd:YAG amplifier structure was obtained with the relative purity of 93% at 1 kHz.The beam quality factor M2 is 3.29 and the beam wavelength is 1064 nm. The amplification factor of the amplified picosecond azimuthally polarized beam is 207.9%.

Data center, which is the basis for the development of transportation information, has the basic function of data storage, processing, data exchange and information sharing. In China, it is a preliminary stage of the design and construction for data center. Difficulties like effective data sharing and executive information service are still exist. In this paper, according to the transmission of data sharing and system architecture design of National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol (NTCIP) in U.S., the mapping relation between NTCIP and data center architecture is analyzed. The NTCIP-based architecture of data center in transportation information system on freeway is proposed, combined with the information needs of the freeway in Jiangsu Province, China. This study can be used to provide a reference for the data center construction.

The construction of Intelligent Transportation Systems has been increasingly valued by countries worldwide. A proper mechanism for promoting the construction of Intelligent Transportation Systems is very important for the smooth development of these Systems. Based on the construction of Intelligent Transportation Systems in foreign countries, this article intends to analyze the development modes, organizational settings, as well as the formulation of appropriate policies and standards. It then sums up the valuable experience for the construction of China’s Intelligent Transportation Systems.

Researching the development environment (DE) of urban intelligent transportation systems (UITS) can help achieve their healthy and orderly development. This article is based on the development demands of the UITS and gives a summary of the development opportunities and challenges. The analysis shows that the UITS possesses a favorable DE. National and local governments establish a range of policies to promote its development. The existing information facilities and information technology provide powerful support. However, UITS also faces a series of challenges, including management mechanisms, industrial development, availability of capital, and standards.

With the development and impulse of the internet of things technology, intelligent transportation development has entered upon a new rapid development phase. Firstly, this study advanced dynamic sensing stage, active control stage, integrated coordination stage for intelligent transportation development to go through. Secondly, characters and development priorities of each stage was analyzed. Thirdly, some examples were used to summarized that a majority of cities in china are in the dynamic sensing stage expect paucity such as shanghai city. The conclusion of this study will do some help to the development of urban intelligent development in China.

Government departments of different areas are needed during the construction and operation process of intelligent transportation systems. So there is a contradiction that systems must be integrated but they need to be constructed and operated by different organizations. The division of the construction mission among different organization and the rules that all the joint members have to obey should be clear so that repetition and confliction in the whole system can be avoided. These modes of mission division are compared in this paper to provide a reference for our ITS construction and operation mode selection.

SUMMARY Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the relative safety and efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) versus coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) for the treatment of ostial right coronary stenosis (ORCS) lesions. Methods: Three hundred fifty-nine cases of ORCS lesion were treated via CABG (n = 232) or PCI (n = 127) procedures. Propensity scores for undergoing the CABG procedure were estimated and used to match 105 pairs of patients between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)-free curves were constructed to compare long-term MACCE-free survival between the two groups. Results: For the 105 propensity-matched pairs, patients were more likely to undergo repeat revascularization with CABG in the PCI group than in the CABG group during the first 30 days (4 cases vs. 0 case, P= 0.043, χ2= 4.08) and the 1-year follow-up (5 cases vs. 0 case, P= 0.02, χ2= 5.17). With a mean follow-up of 12.04 ± 6.47 months and a total of 210.67 patient–years, the freedom from MACCE in the CABG group was significantly higher than that in the PCI group (Log rank test, χ2= 4.48, P= 0.03). There were no significant differences in the rates of death, myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, death/myocardium infarction/stroke, or repeated PCI between the two groups during the first 30 days and during the 1-year follow-up period. Conclusion: For OCRS lesions, CABG provided greater protection than PCI procedure in terms of freedom from MACCE, mainly due to the reduced number of repeated revascularization procedures. CABG should be considered as first-choice revascularization strategy for ORCS lesions.

The human face is the most important stimulus for human social interactions. Recent research showed that other’s eye gaze could orient an observer’s social attention. There was a significant attention shift effect triggered by the face cue with averted gaze, and this effect was also robust when face cues were displayed subliminally. However, it is controversial whether averted gaze with congruent head orientation could trigger attention shift. We investigated this issue by using face cues consisting of different head orientations and gaze directions (straight or averted). The result showed that the attention shift effect was only found when averted gaze with a front view of a cue face was presented supraliminally. This finding indicated that attention shift triggered by eye gaze was under control of awareness, and only averted gaze with incongruent head orientation was a powerful attention orienting cue for an observer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preoperative and postoperative statins on coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for extensive coronary artery disease as well as left main coronary stenosis (LMS). The data of 626 cases of extensive coronary artery disease as well as LMS patients in Anzhen Hospital between January 1998 and March 2008 for CABG procedure were retrospectively analyzed, and were classified as preoperative statin therapy group (Group A, n = 320) or preoperative no statin therapy group (Group B, n = 306). Propensity scores were estimated to determine the probability of inclusion into statin therapy group, resulting in the successful matching of 267 pairs. The incidence of in-hospital death, and atrial fibrillation or flutter and disabling stroke was higher in Group B than in Group A. The actuarial freedom from late events at 5 yrs were 98.75%± 0.73% for the postoperative statin therapy group and 88.33%± 3.71% for the postoperative no statin therapy group respectively, P= 0.000. The logistic regression revealed that CRP (>5.0 mg/L), and elevated Troponin I, and emergent procedure, and preoperative IABP support, and EF < 40% were the independent risk factors, and preoperatively statins was the protective factor for the perioperative death; and the Cox proportional hazard also revealed that preoperative IABP support and preoperative cardiac arrest, and EF < 40% were independent risk factors, and postoperatively statins were the protective factor for the late cardiac events. Preoperative statin therapy could provide protective effect in the perioperative period. Postoperative statin usage could provide protective effect on the late cardiac events.

Background Our aim was to determine whether general left main coronary artery stenosis (LMS) and ostial LMS pose additional risks after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) relative to non–left main coronary artery stenosis. Methods From January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2009, 4366 patients underwent primary isolated off-pump CABG at Beijing Anzhen Hospital. Disease was retrospectively classified as non–left main disease (n = 3523), nonostial LMS (n = 765), and ostial LMS (n = 78). Groups were propensity score matched. Kaplan-Meier freedoms from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were calculated. Results During the first 30 postoperative days, mortality was significantly higher in the ostial LMS group (6.41%) than in non–left main disease (0.855%, χ 2 = 7.78, P = .005) and nonostial LMS (1.28%, χ 2 = 4.71, P = .03) groups. Incidence of MACCEs was significantly higher in the ostial LMS group (20.5%) than in non–left main disease (5.98%, P = .000) and nonostial LMS (9.62%, P = .002) groups. Odds ratio for early MACCEs of ostial LMS versus non–left main disease was 3.74 (95% confidence interval, 1.72–8.17). At mean follow-up 12.8 ± 7.5 months and cumulative follow-up 498.5 patient-years, difference among groups in freedom from MACCEs did not reach statistical significance (χ 2 = 2.39, P = .303). Conclusions Ostial LMS poses additional early risks of mortality and MACCEs in off-pump CABG. Off-pump CABG for ostial LMS should proceed with greater of intraoperative surveillance and lower threshold for converting to on-pump CABG.