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Substitutional metal doping is a powerful strategy for manipulating the emission spectra and excited state dynamics of semiconductor nanomaterials. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of colloidal manganese (Mn

Актуальність. Авторами статті показано особливості хірургічної техніки імплантації розробленого модульного безцементного біполярного ендопротеза головки променевої кістки з парою тертя метал-метал, що був застосований у період 2014–2017 рр. Матеріали та методи. Розроблений безцементний модульний біполярний ендопротез головки променевої кістки з парою тертя метал-метал (матеріал — медична нержавіюча сталь) був застосований у 14 пацієнтів, середній вік хворих становив 56 років (від 43 до 72 років). Середній термін спостереження — 18 місяців (від 6 до 24 місяців). Показаннями для ендопротезування головки променевої кістки у всіх пацієнтів були багатофрагментарні переломи і переломовивихи головки III–IV по Mason-Hotchkiss. Результат лікування оцінювався за системою оцінки Mayo Elbow Performance Score. Результати. При переломах по Mason-Hotchkiss III типу застосовуються три основні методи оперативного лікування: резекція головки променевої кістки, відкрита репозиція і внутрішній остеосинтез, ендопротезування головки променевої кістки. Резекція головки променевої кістки в разі стабільного ліктьового суглоба, як правило, завжди дозволяє отримати позитивні результати у більшості хворих без будь-яких додаткових порушень функції ліктьового суглоба. У разі пошкодження інших стабілізуючих ліктьовий суглоб структур ізольована резекція головки променевої кістки призводить завжди до ускладнень, таких як прогресуюча вальгусна нестабільність ліктьового суглоба, укорочення променевої кістки з наростанням інтенсивності больового синдрому як в області кисті, так в області ліктьового суглоба, не виключена також можливість повторного підвивиху передпліччя назад. Застосування розробленого модульного ендопротеза головки променевої кістки дозволило досягти відновлення стабільності ліктьового суглоба, відновлення ротаційних рухів передпліччя зі збереженням функціонального обсягу згинальних-розгинальних рухів, а також відновлення довжини променевої кістки у всіх пацієнтів. За системою оцінки Mayo Elbow Performance Score середній бал становив 88,5. Висновки. Розроблений модульний біполярний ендопротез головки променевої кістки дозволив отримати в усіх хворих позитивні результати в терміни до 2 років після операції. Диференційований підхід до вибору хірургічного доступу при різних пошкодженнях головки променевої кістки, рання мобілізація рухів в ліктьовому суглобі і відновлення капсульно-зв’язкового апарату ліктьового суглоба є визначальними факторами досягнення позитивних клініко-функціональних результатів ендопротезування головки променевої кістки за допомогою розробленого модульного біполярного ендопротеза головки променевої кістки.

Introduction The problem of complications after surgical treatment of pertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients is relevant and far from a solution. Materials and methods The retrospective study was based on the analysis of the results of treatment of 129 patients with pertrochanteric femoral fractures (average age 76 years). All fractures in the early time from trauma were fixed with two types of cephalomedullary nails, either dynamic or static. All patients could not limit the load on the operated limb after surgery because of different reasons. Results The results of treatment were evaluated in 109 patients after one year. In dynamic cephalomedullary fixator group (59 patients), there were 7 orthopedic complications with a functional Harris scale result of 68 points (range, 26 to 94 points). In static cephalomedullary fixator group (50 patients), there were 14 orthopedic complications with a functional Harris score of 56.5 points (range, 15 to 92 points). Discussion Higher results of treatment in the group of dynamic fixator in the condition of full-weight bearing on the operated limb may be associated with the possibility of dynamization of the part of fixator in response to bone resorption in the contact area of bone fragments. The use of dynamic cephalomedullary fixators instead of static ones for treatment of pertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients exercising full weight-bearing leads to a decrease in orthopedic complications (from 28 to 11.9 %) and improves the functional results of treatment.

Dr. G. Semenov [*], working in 1924 in the laboratory of the Zheleznovodsk resort, where he used rich material on gastric juice from resort patients (up to 1000 cases), discovered a gradual increase in the acidity of the juice he extracted as the latter stood.

Lung cancer (LC) remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in many economically developed countries of the world. In 2019, more than 60 thousand primary cases of LC and more than 50 thousand deaths from this cause were recorded in Russia. The registration reliability index remains high - 0.83, which indicates a significant underestimation of primary patients.At the same time, it should be noted that the standardized rates of morbidity and mortality from LC continue to decline. The most effective criterion for evaluating the activity of the oncological service is the indicator of the observed and relative survival of patients with malignant neoplasms (MNO). Such a possibility exists in many territories of Russia, but it is calculated only in selected territories working according to our programs, and first of all, in the newly created population cancer register of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) with a database (DB) of more than 1 million. 350 thousand observations.The results obtained can be fully extended to the whole of Russia, since the levels of standardized indicators of morbidity and mortality from LC in Russia and the NWFD of the Russian Federation are practically identical.The study showed that from 2000 to 2017, the median survival rate of patients with LC in the NWFD increased from 6.4 to 8.0 months, and the one-year mortality rate decreased from 65,2% to 60,8%.The change in indicators is extremely slow. Differences in the mortality rate (in standardized indicators) from LC between men and women differ in Russia by 7,1, in the NWFD of the RF - by 7.0.Mortality in men from LC in the first year of observation is 63.5% versus 52.5% among the female population, which is primarily due to the peculiarities of the industrial production process and bad habits that are more characteristic of the male population.

—A theoretical analysis of various single-sideband modulation formats used in fiber-optic communication lines with an external electrooptical two-electrode Mach–Zehnder modulator for generating optical signals resistant to dispersive power degradation has been performed. A family of new single-sideband modulation formats is presented, the features of their use, advantages, and disadvantages are considered. A decrease in nonlinear distortions of signals during their transportation through dispersive optical fiber is assumed.

The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) for a nominal voltage of 220 kV and a rated current of 1200 A was developed by SuperOx company to be applied in high voltage substation in Moscow, Russia. The device is a three-phase dead-tank apparatus and is equipped with a closed-cycle cryocooling system. Liquid nitrogen serves simultaneously as a cooling and an insulating media. The device makes use of about 25 km of 12 mm wide high-performance 2G HTS wire with uniform properties along the length. High-voltage tests of the device were performed at Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) in accordance with the IEEE C37.302-2015 test guide and Russian national standards for high voltage electrical equipment. The installation of the SFCL at substation in parallel with the existing air core reactors was completed in 2019. Since then, the device is in a daily operation. Over this period, SFCL has fully confirmed its design specifications including transmitting over 80 million kWh to customers and experiencing three fault current events.

Since the very beginning of its proliferation, the Homeric epic has been subject to various ways of interpretation and modes of understanding. Particular attention has been paid to those passages from Homeric poems in which the gods commit obscene, absurd, or comical actions. In the opinion of critics of Iliad and Odyssey, such myths were not worthy of the appropriate faith in the Greek gods. Therefore, my article focuses on the third, “comical” group of these Homeric grey areas, and deals with the following questions: how and why did Homer’s comical passages move from a discourse of the ridiculous and the funny to a discourse of the serious by means of philosophical interpretation over the centuries? I will try to uncover the general principles and conditions of that hermeneutical mechanism which made it possible to translate Homer’s comical plots from the language of Olympic “domestic” nonsense into the language of the most important physical, ethical, and metaphysical truths. To achieve this task, my article will conditionally distinguish two ways of transition from the comical to the serious: the first, which was carried out in ancient allegorism, was to directly produce a translation, and to declare that the “superficial” meaning of the myth is false, and its deep level is true. The second way – ancient symbolism – was to turn the comical into the serious through the immediate translation of comical myths into the religious discourse of the sacred, which did not imply a stark contrast between the comical and the serious but, on the contrary, harmonized them.

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of autologous conditioned plasma in the surgical treatment of complete macular ruptures. Material and methods. During 2021, 4 patients with complete macular rupture were operated on at the center of ophthalmic microsurgical high-tech care of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital using autologous conditioned plasma. The BCVA was 0.01–0.3. The diameter of the macular breaks ranged from 214 to 817 µm. Blood samples were taken from the patients before the operation. Autologous conditioned plasma was prepared by centrifuging the patient's blood in a patented Arthrex ACP (Germany) double-circuit syringe. Surgical treatment was carried out according to the standard technique - microinvasive three-port 25G vitrectomy with removal of the BMR to the extreme periphery and IPM in the central part of the retina. After tamponade of the vitreous cavity with air, autologous conditioned plasma was injected intravitreally into the central and peripheral rupture in several layers until a visual film appeared. The follow-up period for patients after surgical treatment was 2 months. Results. When examining patients after 1 week, the edges of the macular foramen remained closed in all cases. All studied patients noted an improvement in visual functions, the absence of metamorphopsia, a decrease in the dark "spot" in front of the eye, visual acuity ranged from 0.2 to 0.7 (0.5 + 0.2) after surgery for a complete macular rupture, and 0.02 in patients after surgery for recurrent macular rupture. After 1 month, the visual acuity after the full macular rupture was repaired after 1 month was 0.3–0.8 (0.6 ± 0.2), which was significantly higher than the preoperative values, and did not change in the patient with recurrent macular rupture. Two months later - the results of optical coherence tomography and visometry without negative dynamics. Conclusions. The early results of clinical observation confirmed the high efficiency of the use of autologous conditioned plasma in the surgical treatment of complete macular ruptures, which allows to obtain high functional results and anatomical closure of the macular rupture, to increase the efficiency and safety of rehabilitation. Key words: macular rupture, autologous conditioned plasma.

Lung cancer (LC) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the population of Russia and many economically developed countries of the world. At the same time, referring to localizations with a high mortality rate, the official data on the number of recorded primary cases (which form the incidence rate) are significantly underestimated, which is confirmed by the registration reliability index, which in many territories is higher than critical values. The aim of our study is to present the real state of the prevalence of PC in Russia, based on the newly created database (DB) of the population cancer register (PRR) of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation (NWFD RF) — the only one in Russia. We analyzed the loss of the number of primary patients who were not included in the state reporting, showed the real value of the achieved death rate of patients in the first year of dispensary observation, calculated the patterns of annual mortality of patients, the median of survival and 1 and 5-year survival of patients with lung cancer based on the database of the population cancer registry. Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, on the materials of which for the first time in Russia the dynamics of changes in the detailed localization and histological structure of lung cancer was traced.

Malignant tongue neoplasms (C01, 02) belong to the group of rare visual tumor localizations. Government statistics provides an opportunity to refer only to primary accounting data. Information on mortality is summarized in 14 ICD-10 (S00-14) headings malignant neoplasm of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx. It is impossible to obtain any analytical characteristics (the distribution of patients by stages of the disease, mortality of patients in the first year of observation, accumulated patient population, etc.) at the all-Russian or regional level. This information can only be obtained from the databases created by the Population-based Cancer Registries (PCR). The goal of the research is to study the prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the tongue, the detailed structure of the incidence, and to calculate a number of analytical indicators characterizing this disease at the population level of the Federal District, for the first time in Russia. Based on the materials of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), statistical reference books of the P. Hertsen Moscow Oncological Research Institute, our own extensive materials and the newly created PCR database at the level of the Northwestern Federal District of Russia , the study of all possible aspects was carried out within the framework of the set goal of the research, with a set of methodological techniques recommended by the International Association of Cancer Registries (of which we are a member at number 221) being used. The study has shown that tongue cancer morbidity rate of the population (standardized indicator the world standard) in the various countries from 1970 to 2010 has slightly increased or maintained its level. In Russia, such an assessment can only be carried out from 1989 to 2018. During this period, the incidence of tongue cancer among males increased from 2.2 to 2.43 0/0000, among females from 0.4 to 0.71 0/0000. In the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, the incidence of males reached 2.69, females 0.82 0/0000. The mortality rate of patients in the first year of observation (PCR database) decreased from m 59.5 (the year of 2000) to 43.1% (2018), but remains significantly above the EU average.

In recent years, the important role of disturbances in the intestinal microbiota and its possible correction in children with oncological and autoimmune diseases has been established. The aim of the article is to review the literature data on the issue and to describe own experience of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in children with an intestinal form of acute graftversus-host disease (GVHD). Materials and methods of research: a prospective single-center study included 7 patients aged 3 to 10 years with gut GVHD developed after transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (allo-HSCT). The clinical effects of FMT have been studied in children using rating scales during 120 days after this procedure. Time-dependent changes in the composition of fecal microbiota were assessed by the method of multiplex polymerase chain reaction test-system (PCR). Results: the literature data show a significant role of the content and ratio of of the main bacterial classes of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in the development of the immune response in cancer and autoimmune processes, as well as the possibility of correcting disorders using FMT. The first-hand experience of FMT in children with gut GVHD and antibiotic-resistant colitis is presented. Complete or partial response to GVHD therapy after 120 days was achieved in 6 (86%) patients in the absence of serious adverse events after FMT. From day +3 after FMT, increased amounts of B. fragilis gr., F. prausnitzii and E. coli were registered in fecal microbiota (p

In recent decades, there has been marked progress in understanding the biology of the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood – neuroblastoma (NB), which led to a significant improvement in treatment outcomes due to stratification of patients into risk groups, intensification of treatment of patients with metastatic disease and the presence of unfavorable molecular genetic markers. Survivors who have received multimodal therapies, including chemotherapy, high-dose therapy and autologous peripheral stem-cell transplantation, 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) therapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy have a high risk of developing long-term side effects of treatment (LT SE). The study of the nature and frequency of LT SE after completion of therapy in patients with NB is important to ensure the quality of life and minimize severe health disorders. This article presents a literature review and description of a clinical case report of primary hypothyroidism in a high-risk patient with NB who received multicomponent treatment, including 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine therapy due to the persistence of MIBG-positive foci after the induction chemotherapy.

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of using the predictive information display means allowing us to suppress the effects of a hazardous meteorological phenomenon known as a microburst. Mathematical models of a microburst and aircraft interaction with a microburst were developed. Experimental research using a flight simulator was carried out.

IoT platforms enable users to connect various smart devices and online services via reactive apps running on the cloud. These apps, often developed by third-parties, perform simple computations on data triggered by external information sources and actuate the results of computations on external information sinks. Recent research shows that unintended or malicious interactions between the different (even benign) apps of a user can cause severe security and safety risks. These works leverage program analysis techniques to build tools for unveiling unexpected interference across apps for specific use cases. Despite these initial efforts, we are still lacking a semantic framework for understanding interactions between IoT apps. The question of what security policy cross-app interference embodies remains largely unexplored. This article proposes a semantic framework capturing the essence of cross-app interactions in IoT platforms. The framework generalizes and connects syntactic enforcement mechanisms to bisimulation-based notions of security, thus providing a baseline for formulating soundness criteria of these enforcement mechanisms. Specifically, we present a calculus that models the behavioral semantics of a system of apps executing concurrently, and use it to define desirable semantic policies targeting the security and safety of IoT apps. To demonstrate the usefulness of our framework, we define and implement static analyses for enforcing cross-app security and safety, and prove them sound with respect to our semantic conditions. We also leverage real-world apps to validate the practical benefits of our tools based on the proposed enforcement mechanisms.

The reaction of human epithelial tissue to the effects of various pathological agents mainly depends on both the total amount of key protein in the organism – Src-kinase and the quantity of its active and inactive portions. In the age aspect, there is a decrease in Src-kinase content in the human body. The epithelial tissue of two age groups: 20-40 and 75 years and older responds most vigorously to pathological effects, including the entering of viruses, since in 20-40 years the number of Src-kinases is the largest of all age groups, and 75 years and older — the smallest. Under conditions of pathology, this leads to a decrease in the reactivity of organism tissues at 20-40 years and hyperactivity at 75 years and older.

Purpose of the study. Educational methodological activity plays an important role in the life of the university, on the one hand, it determines the content of the educational process and sets the direction of development, on the other hand, it requires a significant amount of time from teachers, staff and managers. Continuing changes in the system of Russian higher education are reflected in educational methodological activities. When introducing and refining higher education standards and other normative documents, the means of describing the educational process in educational and methodological documentation change. The composition of educational methodological documents and the requirements for them are changing. Such concepts as “competence”, “type of activity”, “tasks of professional activity”, “labor functions”, etc. appear and then transform. The present work aims to track the dynamics of these changes and assess the increase in the complexity of educational methodological support. Materials and Methods. To assess the dynamics of development of educational and methodological support, we will carry out a retrospective substantive analysis of educational and methodological support for each stage of its development, starting with the first generation of state educational standards. The analysis results will be visualized with the Entity-Relationship" diagrams, which allow reflecting the main entities of the scope, their attributes and relationships. Examples of entities are: competence, professional standard, educational result (different forms of skills), topic, module, etc. Such diagrams can be interpreted as metamodels of educational and methodological support. Next, we will carry out a comparative analysis of the obtained sequence of metamodels, which will allow us to understand the dynamics of their development. Results. A set of metamodels of educational and methodological activities was built. The dynamics of the growth of the number of entities and relationships by year was found. We also studied changes in entities and details. A set of metamodels of educational and methodological activities was built, including metamodels for the following stages: state educational standards of the first generation, second generation, federal state educational standards or the third generation, generation 3+, generation 3 ++. If the first two models are characterized by relative simplicity, then the standards of the third generation required the development of a significant number of new entities associated with competencies, and another increase in complexity is observed for generation 3 ++, which is associated with the introduction of professional standards. The dynamics of growth in the number of entities, attributes and especially relationships has been established. Over the past two decades, the number of entities that are used in the creation of educational and methodological support has increased from 9 to 32, and the number of connections between them from 12 to 45. Changes in individual entities and details were also studied as the metamodels of educational and methodological support developed. Conclusion. Based on the results of the analysis, describing tools for the educational and methodological support tend to become considerably more sophisticated. This is reflected in the labor costs of the formation of documents, as well as the time that must be spent by teachers and staff on studying the language of description of educational and methodological documents. Thus, there are risks of the educational and methodological support quality reducing and the risk of a gap between educational and methodological documentation and the real educational process of the university.

Problems associated with the radiography of objects made of steel having thickness of 100 mm and more are outlined. The classical method of gathering information provides for mounting semiconductor photo detectors directly on scintillators. As a result, gamma radiation scattered in a scintillator enters photo detector increasing the image noise and providing a negative effect on processing electronics. A method to design a recording system using a wavelength-shifting fiber having no disadvantages of the classical technique is proposed. This method makes it possible to decrease the image noise, to remove electronics from direct effect of gamma radiation and to increase the registration efficiency. Various approaches of implementing the method proposed to detect signals are explored experimentally with selecting the optimal techniques. This research enabled developing a design base to engineer recording element. The results on measuring parameters of the registering element are presented.

We present on the utility of in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic techniques for automated advanced analysis of the 129Xe hyperpolarization process during spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). The developed software protocol, written in the MATLAB programming language, facilitates detailed characterization of hyperpolarized contrast agent production efficiency based on determination of key performance indicators, including the maximum achievable 129Xe polarization, steady-state Rb-129Xe spin-exchange and 129Xe polarization build-up rates, 129Xe spin-relaxation rates, and estimates of steady-state Rb electron polarization. Mapping the dynamics of 129Xe polarization and relaxation as a function of SEOP temperature enables systematic optimization of the batch-mode SEOP process. The automated analysis of a typical experimental data set, encompassing ∼300 raw NMR and NIR spectra combined across six different SEOP temperatures, can be performed in under 5 min on a laptop computer. The protocol is designed to be robust in operation on any batch-mode SEOP hyperpolarizer device. In particular, we demonstrate the implementation of a combination of low-cost NIR and low-frequency NMR spectrometers (∼$1,100 and ∼$300 respectively, ca. 2020) for use in the described protocols. The demonstrated methodology will aid in the characterization of NMR hyperpolarization hardware in the context of SEOP and other hyperpolarization techniques for more robust and less expensive clinical production of HP 129Xe and other contrast agents.

The aim of the research is to automate tutoring activities in higher education institutions. The developed module of the program “Tutor’s Diary” will automate the implementation of educational and methodological activities of the tutor in higher educational institutions with students in the framework of educational programs.

To determine the frequency of the key psychopathological syndromes, the dynamics and comorbidity of schizophrenia and other psychoses in Russian veterans of local wars receiving hospital treatment.The study included 685 patients of a psychiatric department of a military hospital, including 264 veterans of the local wars (the main group), 296 people (career military servicemen and retirees), who do not take part in combat actions (the first comparison group) and 125 people matched for the middle age and the age distribution curve with the main group (the second comparison group).The frequency of psychoses appeared to be slightly less in veterans (7.2%) compared to patients of comparison groups (14.5% and 8.8%, respectively). In all groups, most patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20): 3.8% in the main group, 4.4% in the first comparison group and 4.0% in the second comparison group. Other acute and chronic psychotic disorders (F22-F23) were diagnosed in 0.8, 5.4 and 3.2% patients, respectively. Organic delusion disorders were diagnosed in 1.5% patients of the main group, 3.7% patients of the first comparison group and were not detected in the second comparison group. Comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychosis was about 2% in the main group in whole and 26.3% in those with schizophrenia and other delusional disorders. The degree of incidence of symptoms of PTSD in veterans diagnosed with psychosis was significantly less than their frequency among all veterans (20% and 46.9%, respectively). Military stress factors do not influence the development of hallucinations and delusions in the main group. In the majority of veterans, psychotic symptoms manifested for the first time after stopping combat stress, the subsequent development and recurrence of psychotic symptoms happened regardless of the influence of combat stress factors.Определение частоты, ведущих психопатологических синдромов, динамики и коморбидности шизофрении и других эндогенных психозов у российских ветеранов локальных войн, находящихся на стационарном лечении.Обследовали 685 пациентов, которые проходили лечение в психиатрических отделениях военного госпиталя: 264 ветеранов локальных войн (основная группа); 296 военнослужащих (кадровые и запаса), не принимавших участия в боевых действиях (1-я группа сравнения), которые отличались по среднему возрасту от основной группы; 125 военнослужащих (кадровые и запаса), которые не принимали участия в боевых действиях и соответствовали по среднему возрасту и кривой распределения возраста пациентам основной группы (2-я группа сравнения).Среди ветеранов (пациенты основной группы) частота бредовых (шизофреноподобных) психозов оказалась несколько меньше (7,2%), чем среди пациентов, не принимавших участия в боевых действиях (14,5 и 8,8%, соответственно). У пациентов всех трех групп чаще всего диагностировалась шизофрения (F20 по МКБ-10): в основной группе у 3,8% пациентов, в 1-й группе сравнения у 4,4%, во 2-й группе сравнения у 4,0%. Другие острые и хронические психотические расстройства (F22—F23) отмечались реже: у 0,8, 5,4 и 3,2% пациентов соответственно. Органические бредовые расстройства диагностировались в 1,5% случаев у ветеранов, в 3,7% — у пациентов 1-й группы и не были выявлены во 2-й группе сравнения. Коморбидность посттравматического стрессового расстройства (ПТСР) и психотических симптомов у ветеранов не достигала 2% в целом по группе, однако встречалась у 26,3% пациентов с диагностированной шизофренией и другими бредовыми расстройствами. Частота симптомов ПТСР у ветеранов с диагностированной шизофренией и другими бредовыми расстройствами оказалась значимо меньше их частоты среди всех ветеранов (20 и 46,9% соответственно). Связи галлюцинаторных и бредовых переживаний с воздействием военных стресс-факторов в основной группе не прослеживалось. У большинства пациентов основной группы психотическая симптоматика манифестировала после прекращения влияния боевого стресса, последующее развитие и рецидивы психотической симптоматики происходили вне связи с влиянием факторов военного времени.

Objective The aim: Of the research is to study of the stress distribution in the "bone-implant" system for various cases of elbow flexion and semipronation in the event of the radial head arthroplasty with the developed bipolar radial head (RH) implant and the bipolar KPS endoprosthesis. Patients and methods Materials and methods: We developed a metal-metal bearing bipolar RH endoprosthesis providing an uncemented fixation due to a special porous coating and stem design. Using Solid Works software, we developed a geometrical model of the elbow joint with cartilaginous surfaces. Then, to refine the parameters of the finite-element model, calculation and visualization we transferred the model to the ANSYS complex. Results Results: The developed bipolar RH endoprosthesis with metal-metal bearing is a stiffer construction compared to the KPS endoprosthesis. However, the displacement fields in the joint and the value of arising maximum strains in the "bone-implant" system with the RH endoprosthesis have a smaller deviation from the strains arising in the healthy elbow joint than those in the "bone-implant" system with the KPS endoprosthesis. Conclusion Conclusions: The developed bipolar RH endoprosthesis does not cause any critical impacts on the joint surfaces and ligamentous apparatus of the elbow joint. All the elements of the developed bipolar RH endoprosthesis satisfy the requirements of an operative structure strength and stiffness. Strain fields arising in the bipolar RH endoprosthesis have a smaller deviation from the strains in the healthy joint in comparison with those occurring in the "bone-implant" system with the KPS endoprosthesis.

The advantages of using autonomous underwater vehicles in searching for ferromagnetic objects based on recording of spatially distributed magnetic anomalies are considered. The development lines of multichannel magnetometric search tools are shown. The potential capabilities of multichannel magnetometric systems for identifying search objects are revealed. Processing the survey results and drawing up a map of magnetic anomalies will make it possible to identify structures the geomagnetic properties of which differ essentially from the natural magnetic background. The use of such technique opens the possibility to achieve a significantly fuller information content and better reliability of the water area survey results and reveal visually undistinguished objects that have their own magnetic field. Based on the electromagnetic field and magnetostatics theory, a method for calculating the parameters and performance efficiency of the multichannel magnetometric system for autonomous underwater vehicles has been developed. The method is designed to evaluate the parameters of and capabilities for detecting ferromagnetic objects and to make a preliminary assessment of the search efficiency. The results obtained from computer simulation of the multichannel magnetometric system signals have confirmed the possibility of drawing up a map of magnetic anomalies to assess the occurrence depth and location of the search object in the ground. The shape of the search object magnetograms depends not only on the object type, but also on its orientation relative to the surface. By applying this dependence, it is possible to recognize search objects, determine their orientation and occurrence depth.

Since importance of improving of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) always follow modern trends by using new wireless communication technologies, the trend of latest research topics is focusing on Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). VANET networks play a vital role in ITS due to their increasing importance for the building of ITS. VANET is a subclass of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET). VANET depends on wireless technologies to establish communication between moving vehicles (nodes). An appropriate and efficient routing protocol helps to successful exchange data between mobility nodes in vehicular ad-hoc networks. VANET has a lot of similar features to MANETs such as finite bandwidth, self-arrangement, self-administration, and unstable network topology. Except it has some important features of its characteristic such as very high node mobility, delay restrictions, and frequent network outages. For this reason, routing in VANET networks is much more complex than routing in MANET networks. The purpose of this study - to evaluate the performance of protocols AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) and their impact on the performance of networks VANET. This paper differs in that it analyses the impact of network size at a large number of nodes, and different vehicle speeds on network performance metrics like packet delivery ratio, throughput, average delay, overhead and packet loss ratio and assessing the level of network performance at realistic mobility scenarios for the movement of vehicles in the street generated by Bonnmotion tool. Also, the simulation is carried out in NS-3 simulator to create VANET network topology and routing protocols.

The article discusses the use of the Agile methodology in providing educational and methodological activities at university. The article presents the current results of the study carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) in the framework of the research project No. 19-013-00690 “Economics of educational and methodological activities in high school”. The article proposes the requirements that can be applied to the use of the Agile methodology in providing educational and methodological activities of the University. The possibility and expediency of using this methodology for the successful implementation of these processes has been substantiated. The principles and tools of Agile in adaptation to the educational process of the university are presented. The components of the proposed approach are considered, in particular: the basic principles of the Agile methodology and the possibility of their application in educational and methodological activities; the compatibility of Agile with the existing system of educational and methodological support; areas where Agile technologies and principles can be adapted immediately and without significant problems. The problems on the way of introducing flexible methodologies into the educational and methodological activities of the university are indicated.

In this paper we consider the problems arising in the numerical estimation of the ultimate load of welded joints of high-strength steels with slight hardening. The stress concentrator in the transition node from the deposited to the base metal is modeled based on the example of welding a roller wire on a plate made of high-strength steel. The use of welding wire with a yield point lower than that of the base metal allowed to simulate areas of the welded joint with heterogeneous mechanical properties. The geometry of three areas of the welded joint is studied, i.e. weld metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the base metal. Mechanical properties of all three areas are determined by calculation and experimentally. For this purpose, it is proposed to consider the material in all sections as ideally elastic-plastic, and the yield strength is uniquely associated with the hardness in the indentation zone (a Rockwell diamond cone is used). Calculations of the inelastic indentation process by the finite element method (FEM) in axis-symmetric formulation allowed obtaining a linear relationship between the hardness and the yield strength with a coefficient of 0.418. Tests at a quasi-static three-point bend (with stretching in the surfacing area) were carried out on sample beams cut perpendicular to the direction of welding. The “force-deflection” diagrams are obtained and compared with the calculated curves (FEM in a three-dimensional formulation with an explicit consideration of the complex configuration of all sections and different yield stress in the areas determined by local hardness values). There is a good agreement between the calculated and experimental ultimate loads. The proposed method of the three-stage study (determination of local hardness, yield strength in the areas and the ultimate load) can be effectively used to assess the ultimate loads of the welded joints due to the low parametricity of the proposed models of materials inelastic deformation in areas for which it is impossible to manufacture standard samples for the study of mechanical properties. The experimental study of the strengthening effect of the seam with a stress concentrator in the form of an angle of 90 degrees on the value of the ultimate bending load showed that the removal of the deposited metal does not lead to an increase in the ultimate load of the welded joint when using the welding wire of low-carbon high-plastic steel.

The effect of parameters of a polarization nephelometer on its accuracy characteristic is analyzed. Errors in approximation of the actual scattering volume and actual optical beam by the elementary scattering volume and elementary beam are considered. A five-wave monochromatic source of radiation with the high spectral intensity of 0.15÷0.6 W is described. The design of polarization units is demonstrated.

High-gradient magnetic separator made a good showing at enrichment of low-magnetic ores. However, existing industrial facilities have large dimensions, low specific productivity and high energy costs. Laboratory prototype of high-gradient magnetic separator equipped with superconductor magnet system was developed, manufactured and tested at NRC “Kurchatov Institute”. The device is designed for enrichment of low-magnetic mineral resources, mostly oxidized ferruginous quartzites. The goal of development was both creation of next-generation of separators operating with high-power magnetic fields as well as further progress in applied superconductivity for industrial applications. This paper gives a brief description of the problem, as well as of the process of development, manufacturing and testing the superconducting magnet system. Overall design of the prototype is described, as well as design of collector matrices designed specifically for high-power magnetic field. Next is description of testing process with mineral raw materials obtained from a real industrial enrichment facility. Data on total iron percentage before and after the separation process at the prototype presented, as well as its basic performance characteristics. The results obtained in the course of the project fulfilment can be used in mining industry and metallurgy for manufacturing superconducting magnetic separators of new generation. Such separators will have many advantages comparing with regular separators (with resistive windings) as following: lower energy consumption and less weight, higher induction of the magnetic field in the working gap, possibility to use matrices with coefficient of filling by ferromagnetic precipitating elements at the level of 6-8% with large gaps for pulp passing, higher specific indices due to increased current density in the winding up to 50-100 A/mm2.

This paper considers the possibilities for creating a trusted document management platform with a digital signature designed for mutual verification and recognition of documents generated in different jurisdictions and provided with a digital signature using various algorithms and keys. A method for reliable trusted storage, exchange, and verification of documents based on a trusted distributed registry using smart contracts and symmetric cryptographic algorithms is presented.

The compression and burning of a fusion target ignited by a focused shock wave produced at the action of a time-profiled second harmonic laser pulse of a Nd laser have been calculated and theoretically studied. The main energy features of the shock ignition scheme have been considered. The use of the second harmonic radiation corresponds to a higher energy and a longer laser pulse necessary for ignition by this method compared to the use of the third harmonic radiation. Nevertheless, the method of ignition by the focused shock wave with the second harmonic radiation makes it possible to reach the fusion target gain that is two or three times higher than that at the traditional spark ignition with the laser pulse energy higher than in the former case by a factor of 1.5. The numerical calculations have been performed with one-dimensional hydrodynamic codes.

The color of light is a fundamental property of electromagnetic radiation; as such, control of the frequency is a cornerstone of modern optics. Nonlinear materials are typically used to generate new frequencies, however the use of time-variant systems provides an alternative approach. Utilizing a metasurface that supports a high-quality factor resonance, we demonstrate that a rapidly shifting refractive index will induce frequency conversion of light that is confined in the nanoresonator meta-atoms. We experimentally observe this frequency conversion and develop a time-dependent coupled mode theory model that well describes the system. The intersection of high quality-factor resonances, active materials, and ultrafast transient spectroscopy leads to the demonstration of metasurfaces operating in a time-variant regime that enables enhanced control over light-matter interaction.

Was to evaluate clinical efficacy, adverse events and changes in the gut microbiome after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) form of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).The prospective single-center study in R.M. Gorbacheva institute included 27 patients with GI GVHD after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. 19 patients received FMT, 8 patients received placebo. Clinical scales for GI autoimmune diseases were used to evaluate response. Microbiome alterations were assessed with multiplex PCR.After FMT higher overall bacterial mass (р=0.00088), higher bacterial numbers ofBifidobacteriumspp. (р=0.021),Escherichia coli(р=0.049) andBacteroides fragilisgr. (р=0.000043) compared to placebo group. Also higher bacterial mass was observed in patients with clinical response (р=0.0057). The bacterial mass after procedure in non-responders was compared to the placebo group (р=0.31). Partial response of GVHD was achieved faster in the FMT group compared to placebo (median 4 days vs 48 days,p=0.014). Complete response was observed in 8 (42%), 14 (74%) and 16 (84%) at 30, 60 and 90 days respectively, while in the placebo group only 0%, 1 (13%) and 4 (50%) achieved complete response at the same time points. The incidence and severity of adverse events was comparable between FMT and the placebo group.FMT in patients with refractory GI GVHD was associated with favorable clinical outcomes and recovery in certain marker bacterial populations. Multiplex PCR can be used to assess an engraftment of a donor microbiota. FMT in GI GVHD was not associated with life-threatening adverse events, but further studies are required to validate clinical efficacy.Цель.Оценка клинической эффективности, спектра побочных эффектов и динамики микрофлоры после трансплантации фекальной микробиоты (ТФМ) у пациентов с кишечной формой реакции трансплантат против хозяина (РТПХ). Материалы и методы.Проспективное одноцентровое сравнительное исследование в НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой включало 27 пациентов с кишечной формой РТПХ после трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. ТФМ выполнена 19 пациентам, плацебо получали 8 человек. По оценочным шкалам изучены клинические эффекты и безопасность ТФМ у пациентов. Изменения состава фекальной микробиоты оценивали методом мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции. Результаты.После ТФМ по сравнению с группой плацебо выявлены статистически значимо более высокие средние значения общей бактериальной массы (р=0,00088),Bifidobacteriumspp. (р=0,021),Escherichia coli(р=0,049) иBacteroides fragilisgr. (р=0,000043). При этом изменения в бактериальной массе наблюдались у пациентов с клиническим ответом (р=0,0057), а бактериальная масса у пациентов без полного ответа сопоставима с группой плацебо (р=0,31). Частичный ответ по тяжести РТПХ достигался быстрее в группе ТФМ, чем в группе плацебо (медиана 4 дня против 48 дней;р=0,014). Полный ответ наблюдался у 8 (42%), 14 (74%) и 16 (84%) больных через 30, 60 и 90 дней в группе ТФМ соответственно против 0%, 1 (13%) и 4 (50%) в группе принимавших плацебо. Частота и выраженность нежелательных явлений после ТФМ сопоставима с группой плацебо. Заключение.ТФМ у пациентов с резистентными формами кишечной РТПХ сопровождается позитивной динамикой клинических проявлений наряду с восстановлением кишечной микробиоты по ряду маркерных бактерий. Метод мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции можно использовать для оценки приживления фекального трансплантата. ТФМ пациентам с резистентной формой кишечной РТПХ не сопровождается жизнеугрожающими побочными эффектами. Однако требуются дополнительные исследования для уточнения клинической эффективности ТФМ.

BACKGROUND: X-ray diagnostics methods are important in detection of adrenal neoplasms malignant nature. The sensitivity and specificity of these methods are high enough. However the hormonal tests are also necessary to make an accurate clinical diagnosis with the high diagnostic efficiency of modern X-ray methods for adrenal tumors diagnosing. The urine steroid profile violations are detected with the adrenal glands various pathologies (primary hyperaldosteronism, hypercorticism, congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and adrenocortical cancer). Urine steroid profile tests in patients with diagnosed adrenal neoplasms are intended primarily to confirm or refute the adrenocortical cancer risk. At the same time in the medical community to date there are a number of disagreements accumulated regarding the accuracy and significance of the urine steroid profile tests. AIMS: The study aims to determine the urine steroid profile determination accuracy limits for the adrenocortical cancer diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total 62 samples were tested for urine steroid profile by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 58 patients had morphologically confirmed adrenal neoplasms. The study was blind prospective. To increase the study accuracy the 30 patients with adrenocortical adenomas (n = 17) and adrenocortical cancer (n = 13) were selected out of 58 tested persons. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the urine steroid profile were determined in order to assess information content of such method for the adrenocortical carcinoma diagnosis. RESULTS: The possibilities of the urine steroid profile determining for the adrenocortical cancer diagnosis are estimated. The method sensitivity was 46.2%, specificity and accuracy were 70.6% and 60% respectively. The most reliable of adrenocortical cancer markers were tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (38.5% of cases) increasing concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates relatively low diagnostic efficacy of the urine steroid profile as a primary diagnostic method for adrenocortical cancer determining. This is especially evident in comparison with X-ray diagnostic methods. The technique interpretation is complex and accessible only to specialists with extremely high qualifications. Such fact complicates the distribution and widespread use in clinical practice of this testing method. At the same time the urine steroid profile determination in the future (after additional study) may be apply as an auxiliary diagnostic method which in some cases determines the treatment tactics for patients undergoing adrenocortical cancer adrenalectomy treatment.KEYWORDS: dPheochromocytoma; intraoperative hemodynamic instability; laparoscopic adrenalectomy; Endovascular embolization of preoperative; сase report.

The mechanisms of radiative recombination and electroluminescence in the structures based on the films of perovskite nanocrystals CsPbBr3 in the matrix of a semiconductor polymer MEH-PPV have been considered. It has been shown that two mechanisms determine the electroluminescence intensity in light-emitting field-effect transistors with active layers based on the MEH-PPV films:CsPbBr3 (nanocrystals): recombination of the charged carriers injected into the polymer matrix and recombination at the interface polymer/perovskite nanocrystals. The results of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the superlinear dependence of the electroluminescence intensity on the level of electrical excitation in the light-emitting field-effect transistors based on MEH-PPV:CsPbBr3(nanocrystals) is due to the mechanism of electron tunneling through a potential barrier at the electrode.

Adhesive systems have attracted considerable research interest in recent years. The article review the publications devoted to the current state of the problem associated with the applicability of a particular adhesive system in clinical dentistry. The results of the review show that none of the currently available adhesive systems completely satisfy the experts. All systems are not perfect and have some disadvantages. The principles of selection of adhesive systems also been revealed in the article.

This paper explores the influence of the ESG disclosure regulation (government corporate ESG disclosure and non-government corporate ESG disclosure) on the ranking in 50 largest economies. Applying various statistical methods and techniques, including both parametrical (Student’s t-test, ANOVA analysis) and non-parametrical (Mann-Whitney U test) tests, simple average analysis, OLS with dummy variables method and multiple linear regression analysis, as well as correlation analysis and Granger causality test, several hypotheses are tested. The hypotheses stipulate whether or not ESG disclosure regulation differs in developed and emerging countries and whether or not ESG disclosure regulation influences the country’s SDGI ranking, as well as the ranking of the country among 50 largest economies. According to the results, the differences in ESG disclosure regulation are statistically significant in developed and emerging countries. The level of ESG disclosure compliance is higher in developed countries. ESG disclosure regulation influences the position of the country in SDGI and 50 largest economies rankings. The more country complies with ESG disclosure criteria, the better position in rankings is. Incorporation of ESG criteria is an important evolutionary step in economic development of the country. It allows increasing position of the country in 50 largest economies and SDGI ranking. Thus, ESG disclosure regulation is vital for the development of the country in the modern world. AcknowledgmentComments from the Editor and anonymous referees have been gratefully acknowledged. Alex Plastun gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0117U003936). Inna Makarenko gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0117U003933).

In the context of an ever-increasing complication of both the construction of building machines and mechanisms and the conditions of their operation, the issues of achieving reliability and durability of the main welded joints are actualized, since the quality of the welded joint determines the operability of the assembly and the machine as a whole. In this regard, ensuring satisfactory weldability and obtaining a better welded joint are necessary conditions of increased strength for welded structures on which the working bodies of construction machinery, as well as mechanisms and their assembly units are mounted. The article addresses the key issues of improving the reliability of welded structures of building machines. Special attention is paid to the problems of strengthening hazardous areas, as well as the restoration of such zones in the welded structures of construction machinery. As an example, the article considers the frame of a forklift truck equipped with a hydraulic manipulator. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that when calculating the distances between welds, it is necessary to take into account its dependence on the welding conditions and the parameters of the frame structures of construction machines. The stress-strain state of the frame was evaluated by modeling the state of the structure in various situations. Using finite element analysis programs, it was found that it is possible to reduce local stresses that exceed the tensile strength of the material and cause the risk of microcracks due to the welding of overlays with short seams in a checkerboard pattern, as well as finding the optimal parameters of the welds taking into account the stress concentration. It was also established during the study that the greatest influence on the value by stress concentration factors is exerted by the radius of the transition from the base metal to the weld metal. An increase in the transition radius from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm makes it possible to reduce the value of the stress concentration coefficient.

Dmitry Pisarev entered the history of literature largely due to the congenial interpretation of the novel Fathers and Sons (1862). His articles “Bazarov” (1862) and “Realists” (1864) convinced the public that nihilists really existed and the novel offered their “absolutely true” representation (N.N. Strakhov). The same articles expained the ideology of nihilism presented by Turgenev in exaggerated form. However, Pisarev did not approve of Turgenev’s next novel, The Smoke (1867). The article discusses in detail the reasons of Pisarev’s negative review. It also sheds light on professional and personal relations of Turgenev and Pisarev as well as on political views of both. The main part of the article is an original commentary on the correspondence of Turgenev and Pisarev in 1867 around The Smoke. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the main character of The Smoke and the paradoxical fact that the critic ignored the character of Potugin to whom Turgenev attached great importance. The dialogue between the writer and the critic revealed fundamental differences in their ideas about the 1860s and its heroes, and also exposed a lack of understanding that manifested itself in their qui pro quo.

Nowadays, the development of the digital environment and the global network covers almost all spheres of life. That is why special attention is focused on the provision of the educational process with appropriate teaching aids and curricula, so that schools, universities, educators, and professional development of educators meet modern national and global challenges and provide support in the field of digital technologies, developing and shaping modern digital competencies. The article presents an analysis of digitalization in higher education and the necessity to improve the professional development of higher school educators and professional development technologies related to this process. Based on an expert survey, educational trends in the era of educational digitalization, innovative pedagogical technologies, and teaching methods are determined. The results of the survey, related to the introduction of new pedagogical and digital technologies in the educational process, allow the authors to design a model for the professional development of educators in the direction of the digital transformation of the educational process.

The presented study examines the major directions for the application of digital technologies in tourism with an emphasis on the efficiency of digital technologies and digital logistics services; proposes a definition of digital logistics services in tourism; describes directions for the shared use of digital logistics services by tourists and business entities; systematizes the shared use of digital technologies; provides a model for the shared use of digital logistics services that outlines the relationships between the participants of the tourism market.Aim. The study aims to propose a conceptual model for the shared use of digital logistics services that would outline the relationships between all participants of the tourism market and to accentuate the benefits of the shared use of logistics services.Tasks. The authors examine the major directions for the application of digital technologies in tourism both for the firm and the destination; analyze approaches and propose a definition of digital logistics services in tourism; systematize directions for the application of modern digital technologies and services in tourism; substantiate the practicability of the shared use of digital logistics services by the consumers (tourists) and producers (enterprises in the hospitality industry) of tourism services; substantiate a conceptual model for the shared use of digital logistics services in tourism.Methods. This study uses analysis, systematization, and modeling to create a model for the shared use of digital logistics services.Results. Based on the conducted analysis of the application of digital technologies and logistics services in tourism, the authors propose a definition of digital logistics services in tourism premised on the general understanding of logistics as a set of services that ensure the continuity and consistency of processes to achieve the planned result using digital technologies to accomplish the logistics goal. The study systematizes the shared use of digital technologies and services in tourism, including for the management of tourist flows, and provides a model for the shared use of digital logistics services that outlines the relationships between the participants of the tourism market, directions for their interaction, the place of the logistics service, and the benefits of the shared use of digital logistics services for market harmonization.Conclusions. The digital transformation of logistics in tourism is a new form of communication between producers and consumers of tourism services, serving as a source of competitive advantages for tourism organizations and an efficient way of managing tourist flows. Competitive advantages will be gained by those tourism enterprises that will manage to implement the process of customization in their services in the best possible way, thus turning consumers from potential into real, loyal clients and ensuring long-term sustainability based on consistently high profitability, which is particularly important during a crisis. The formation of a new market for tourism services based on the digitalization of all processes is now viewed as an opportunity not only to preserve this type of economic activity, but also to develop it through new opportunities provided by digital technologies. Some of the specific features of the digital transformation of logistics in tourism include the existence of personified services and application of the proposed model for the shared use of digital logistics services. Their efficient application will make it possible to preserve the economically and socially important sphere of emotional acquaintance of consumers with the world’s cultural traditions and historical artifacts.