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In this work the improved version of an engineering model which accounts for rotational augmentation effects by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calibration is explored and discussed. Based on an analysis of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine, the novel modeling is presented, which uses as base line the formulation proposed by Chaviaropoulos and Hansen. The model is calibrated based on CFD simulations using OpenFOAM. The corresponding correction of the two dimensional polars is straightforward implemented within MoWiT, an in-house software for load calculation. The novel formulation results in improved lift and drag coefficients prediction in all considered cases, reducing the deviation with respect to the rotating CFD cases down to few percent. The optimal configuration including the correction for tip effects of Shen shows better agreements at the very tip of the blade. Furthermore the range of applicability for large wind turbine rotor blades based on a virtual$$10\,\hbox {MW}$$10MWrotor model is discussed.

Background: Chile has recently been reclassified by the World Bank from an upper-middle-income country to a high-income country. There has been great progress in the last 20 to 30 years in relation to air and water pollution in Chile. Yet after 25 years of unrestrained growth, there remain clear challenges posed by air and water pollution, as well as climate change. Objective: The aim of this study was to review environmental health in Chile. Methods: In late 2013, a 3-day workshop on environmental health was held in Santiago, Chile, bringing together researchers and government policymakers. As a follow-up to that workshop, here we review the progress made in environmental health in the past 20 to 30 years and discuss the challenges of the future. We focus on air and water pollution and climate change, which we believe are among the most important areas of environmental health in Chile. Results: Air pollution in some cities remains among the highest in the continent. Potable water is generally available, but weak state supervision has led to serious outbreaks of infectious disease and ongoing issues with arsenic exposure in some regions. Climate change modeling in Chile is quite sophisticated, and a number of the impacts of climate change can be reasonably predicted in terms of which areas of the country are most likely to be affected by increased temperature and decreased availability of water, as well as expansion of vector territory. Some health effects, including changes in vector-borne diseases and excess heat mortality, can be predicted. However, there has yet to be an integration of such research with government planning. Conclusions: Although great progress has been made, currently there are a number of problems. We suspect that the Chilean experience in environmental health may be of some use for other Latin American countries with rapid economic development.

Introduction: Neurodevelopmental effects have been reported associated to lead and arsenic exposure. Such effects have been unexplored in children living near to a remediated area contaminated with...