Search

Your search keyword '"Sung-Hee Kim"' showing total 234 results
Start Over Author "Sung-Hee Kim" Topic business.industry
234 results on '"Sung-Hee Kim"'

1. Tree-Based Ensemble Methods: Predicting Asphalt Mixture Dynamic Modulus for Flexible Pavement Design

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, Jidong Yang, and Hampton Worthey

Subjects
Tree (data structure), Aggregate (composite), Dynamic loading, business.industry, Computer science, Dynamic modulus, Gradient boosting, Structural engineering, business, Ensemble learning, Civil and Structural Engineering, Random forest, Test data
Abstract

The hot mix asphalt (HMA) dynamic modulus (∣E*∣), or stress/strain response measurement under dynamic loading, is considered the primary mechanical property input for flexible pavement in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The current MEPDG software, AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED) Version 2.5, employs the Witczak equation for ∣E*∣ estimation when laboratory-measured ∣E*∣ data is unavailable. This study investigates the feasibility of developing alternative ∣E*∣ prediction models with modern machine learning techniques based on an established data library of Georgia HMA mixtures involving varying binder sources, binder grades, and nominal maximum aggregate sizes. Specifically, tree-based ensemble methods, including bagging, random forest, and gradient boosting, were applied considering their superior performance, and balanced versatility and interpretability. The results revealed that the gradient boosting model produced the most accurate predictions with an R2 coefficient of determination of 0.982 as compared to the nationally calibrated Witczak model, which has an R2 of 0.392, using the same test data set. The stark discrepancy in the ∣E*∣ predictions emphasizes the need of local calibration for the MEPDG models and the high potential for developing greatly improved models using modern machine learning techniques with the local data sources. Ultimately, this study provides an excellent example for other state highway agencies to follow to facilitate their MEPDG implementation.

Published
2021

3. Differential Diagnosis of the Acute Vestibular Syndrome

Author

Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Vertigo, medicine, Acute vestibular syndrome, Vestibular neuritis, General Medicine, Differential diagnosis, biology.organism_classification, business
Published
2021

5. A Case of Ascending Aortic Dissection with Severe Aortic Regurgitation Diagnosed by Echocardiography

Author

Sung-Hee Kim and Ok-Kyoung Lee

Subjects
Aortic dissection, lcsh:R5-920, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, intimal flap, Regurgitation (circulation), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, aortic regurgitation, stanford a type, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, aortic dissection, lcsh:Medicine (General), business
Abstract

Aortic dissection refers to the separation of the aorta into a true and false lumen as the medial membrane of the aorta is torn along the long axis due to a high aortic pressure when a minute rupture occurs in the aortic lining. The mortality rate is very high, and aortic dissection occurs 2∼5 times more in men than women. The prevalent age range is 50∼70 years old. In this case, the authors experienced a diagnosis of aortic dissection that occurred in a young woman in her 30s, which does not occur frequently. In the process of tracking severe aortic regurgitation, aortic valve prolapse was initially suspected. We report this case because aortic dissection could be diagnosed by observing the intimal flap of the ascending aorta in the process of confirming this suspected part.

Published
2020

7. Association between the sinus microbiota with eosinophilic inflammation and prognosis in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Author

Yong Ju Jang, Do Yeon Kim, Ji Youn Lim, Sung Hee Kim, Ji Heui Kim, Dong-Kyu Lee, and In Seong Jeong

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Biochemistry, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Inflammation, QD415-436, Biochemistry, Gastroenterology, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Nasal Polyps, 0302 clinical medicine, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Internal medicine, White blood cell, Eosinophilic, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, Medicine, Nasal polyps, Sinusitis, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Molecular Biology, Sinus (anatomy), Innate immunity, Respiratory tract diseases, business.industry, Innate lymphoid cell, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Immunity, Innate, Pathophysiology, Eosinophils, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Chronic Disease, Molecular Medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Dysbiosis
Abstract

Dysbiosis of the sinus microbiome affects the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs). We investigated whether the sinus microbiota in CRSwNPs is associated with eosinophilic inflammation, especially in relation to innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), prognosis, and serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Middle meatal swabs and serum from 31 CRSwNPs patients and six healthy controls were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. ILC2s and cytokines from sinonasal tissues were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. The relative abundances (RAs) of bacteria were compared based on eosinophilic inflammation and surgical outcome. The correlations between sinus bacteria and ILC2s, cytokines, and serum EVs were analyzed. The compositions of sinus bacteria were different between groups at the genus level. In eosinophilic CRSwNPs patients, the RA of Anaerococcus was significantly decreased (P = 0.010), whereas that of Lachnoclostridium was significantly increased (P = 0.038) compared with that in controls. The RA of Lachnoclostridium showed a significant positive correlation with interleukin (IL)-5-producing ILC2 populations (R = 0.340, P = 0.049), whereas the RA of Anaerococcus showed a negative correlation with IL-5-producing ILC2 populations (R = −0.332, P = 0.055). The RAs of Corynebacterium, Anaerococcus, and Tepidimonas were significantly decreased in patients with suboptimal outcomes compared with those in patients with optimal outcomes and control subjects. Some sinus bacteria and serum EVs showed positive correlations. CRSwNPs patients showed distinct microbiota compositions based on eosinophilic inflammation in relation to ILC2s and surgical outcome. These findings support a relationship between the microbiota and the host immune response in CRSwNPs., Sinus disease: nasal bacteria linked to manifestations of chronic disease Microbes living in the sinonasal cavity seem to affect the immune responses and clinical outcomes of patients with an inflammatory disease that can cause lasting pain, pressure, and swelling in the sinuses. Ji Heui Kim from the Asan Medical Center in Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues collected nasal swabs and blood from 31 people suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and from six healthy control individuals. They identified several specific bacterial groups whose presence or absence was associated with the abundance of certain white blood cell populations, a sign of inflammation. Some of these groups were linked to patient outcomes after nasal surgery but additional groups were also observed. The findings could help lead to new treatment strategies or diagnostic biomarkers for patients with this sinus disorder.

Published
2020

8. Validation of the Korean version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey

Author

Shin Ae Kim, Woo Ri Choi, Yong Ju Jang, and Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Otorhinolaryngology, business.industry, General surgery, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Cosmesis, Surgery, business, Korean version, Rhinoplasty
Abstract

Background and Objectives The 10-item Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) is a recently developed questionnaire for assessing both nasal obstruction and nasal cosmetic satisfaction. It is widely used in rhinoplasty clinics based on its high level of reliability and efficacy in Western countries. In this study we evaluated the validity of the Korean version of the SCHNOS (K-SCHNOS).Subjects and Method The SCHNOS was translated into easily-understandable Korean following the guideline of the developers. Twenty-seven patients undergoing rhinoplasty and a control group of 29 non-rhinoplasty patients completed K-SCHNOS twice at intervals of 2 weeks regardless of pre- or postoperative state. The K-SCHNOS was evaluated for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity.Results Of the 56 study participants, 39 (69.6%) were male and 17 (30.4%) were female, with the mean (standard deviation) age of 33.5 (12.9) years. Both obstructive domain and cosmetic domains showed high internal consistency with their respective Cronbach’α values being 0.92 and 0.91. The correlations in the test-retest analysis for each item were acceptable, ranging from 0.6-0.82. The association between the obstructive domain and cosmetic domain was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.61), indicating a very weak correlation.Conclusion The K-SCHNOS has proven to be a reliable and valid questionnaire to be used by Korean-speaking patients undergoing functional or cosmetic rhinoplasty.

Published
2020

10. Impacts of Visualizations on Decoy Effects

Author

Younah Kang, Sangheon Oh, Sung-Hee Kim, and Yuin Jeong

Subjects
Computer science, Bar chart, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Consumer choice, Crowdsourcing, Article, law.invention, law, Choice set, business.industry, consumer choice, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Decoy effect, Consumer Behavior, Data science, Cognitive bias, Preference, decoy effect, debias, information visualization, Medicine, Decoy, business
Abstract

The decoy effect is a well-known, intriguing decision-making bias that is often exploited by marketing practitioners to steer consumers towards a desired purchase outcome. It demonstrates that an inclusion of an alternative in the choice set can alter one’s preference among the other choices. Although this decoy effect has been universally observed in the real world and also studied by many economists and psychologists, little is known about how to mitigate the decoy effect and help consumers make informed decisions. In this study, we conducted two experiments: a quantitative experiment with crowdsourcing and a qualitative interview study—first, the crowdsourcing experiment to see if visual interfaces can help alleviate this cognitive bias. Four types of visualizations, one-sided bar chart, two-sided bar charts, scatterplots, and parallel-coordinate plots, were evaluated with four different types of scenarios. The results demonstrated that the two types of bar charts were effective in decreasing the decoy effect. Second, we conducted a semi-structured interview to gain a deeper understanding of the decision-making strategies while making a choice. We believe that the results have an implication on showing how visualizations can have an impact on the decision-making process in our everyday life.

Published
2021

11. O01 Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Matilda Llewellin-Robinson, Alexander Zervudachi, Jessica Gunn, Edmond Antaki, Christopher Mortlock, and Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Rheumatoid nodule, Arthritis, Lymphoproliferative disorders, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, Rheumatology, Transplantation, Internal medicine, Rheumatoid arthritis, medicine, Rheumatoid factor, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Case report - Introduction Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is defined as abnormal lymphoid proliferation related to immunosuppression, almost always associated with EBV. It ranges from benign mononucleosis to non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma but is often used to describe the neoplastic syndromes. The exact pathophysiology is unknown but it is thought to be secondary to immunosuppression leading to lack of critical T cell control of B cell growth and thus unchecked proliferation of EBV-infected B cells resulting in malignancy. PTLD is a well-recognised phenomenon in transplant medicine but not many cases have been reported within the rheumatology patient population despite many on long term immunomodulatory therapy. Case report - Case description A 53-year-old woman with a 15-year history of rheumatoid factor positive, erosive inflammatory arthritis and autoimmune hepatitis, on long term azathioprine and low dose prednisolone, presented with increasing arthralgia, intermittent skin rashes “like spots” and recurrent “throat infections”. She had active inflammatory arthritis, CRP of 63 and DAS28 score of 5.58. A decision was made to escalate to biologic therapy. A chest radiograph demonstrated left lower zone opacity and subsequent CT TAP reported saddle PE, multiple bilateral lung nodules with cavitation, liver and renal lesions with extensive pericolic inflammation. She was commenced on anticoagulation and, whilst awaiting further tests, developed a fever with raised acute phase reactants. Listeria monocytogenes was ultimately isolated from blood cultures. Two weeks later, despite commencing appropriate intravenous antibiotics, she experienced a partial seizure. An MRI of her brain revealed a rim-enhancing lesion in the right parietal lobe with extensive oedema and mass effect. There was also persistence of the multi-organ abnormalities on cross sectional imaging including PET CT. Extensive additional immunologic and microbiological testing revealed an atypical ANCA positivity (MPO and PR3 negative) with a low titre rheumatoid factor (16), negative anti CCP, positive ANA but negative ENA and dsDNA with normal complements. Her EBV IgG was positive, IgM negative but she had an EBV viral load of 714 copies/mL. Numerous attempts were made to obtain definitive histology: an initial CT-guided lung biopsy reported non-diagnostic necrotic tissue; a subsequent VATS-guided biopsy of a lung lesion revealed histology suggestive of a rheumatoid nodule. A brain biopsy was deemed too high risk. A liver biopsy ultimately demonstrated features on a spectrum between polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (P-PTLD) and a monomorphic B-cell PTLD resembling EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She was commenced on high dose methotrexate and R-CHOP chemotherapy as per haematology/oncology MDT. Case report - Discussion This case posed a number of clinical conundrums. Firstly, a wide differential diagnosis including infection (Listeria cerebritis), extra-articular manifestations of her rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including rheumatoid vasculitis, metastatic malignancy or a lymphoproliferative disorder. It was therefore crucial to continually review and reconsider the diagnosis in light of new information. The second issue is consideration of opportunistic infection in a patient on long-term immunosuppression. We rarely encounter listeriosis and are consequently unfamiliar with the way the disease manifests itself in the context of immunosuppressed patients. This case posed a question of how we can monitor for over-immune suppression; whether leukocyte count is a reliable measure of the patient’s immune system or whether the frequency of infection is more a sensitive marker. Thirdly, the role of EBV monitoring in this case is also interesting. We do not routinely measure EBV titres at time of initiation of DMARD therapy and we do not measure viral load. However, EBV DNA measurement has now been incorporated into routine practice in transplant medicine to help diagnose and monitor for PTLD in immunocompromised recipients. Patients identified as high risk undergo reduction in immunosuppression to prevent progression into PTLD. Unfortunately, a meta-analysis by AlDabbagh et al showed that there is no role in antiviral prophylaxis to prevent progression to PTLD. Finally, advances in therapeutics have resulted in a large cohort of ‘stable’ patients with chronic autoimmune disease who require follow up in secondary care. A mismatch in resource and staff allocation means that often these patients can wait longer than intended for their planned follow up appointments. However, as demonstrated in this case, this patient group carries a risk of long-term immunosuppression, opportunistic infection and lymphoproliferative disorders and it is crucial to ensure that this group of patients is not overlooked. Case report - Key learning points Lymphoma incidence in RA is increased by approximately two-fold compared to baseline population. The mechanism of causality is poorly understood but is postulated to be due to chronic stimulation of B cells by antigen or a virus, local inflammation and immune suppression leading to decreased surveillance by T cells. Currently, it is unclear whether the increased risk is due to immunosuppression or the severity of disease given that severe diseases are usually treated with more aggressive immunosuppression. This poses a dilemma when treating RA-associated PTLD: to withdraw immunosuppressive therapy or treat RA more aggressively. Kaiser et al.’s systematic review of lymphoma incidence in RA patients demonstrated 20 out of 26 studies reporting an increased incidence of lymphoma in RA and eight studies reporting a positive correlation between DMARD use and increased incidence of lymphoma. Furthermore, these studies, although underpowered, suggest that azathioprine and TNF inhibitors were more likely to be associated with lymphomas. Only 3 studies investigated the role of EBV, which was inconclusive. Similarly, there is a paucity of literature on the role of EBV and lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatology patients on long-term immunomodulatory therapy and further research is needed so that we can mitigate this risk for our patients. In summary, PTLD is a rare, sometimes rapidly progressive and fatal, complication of RA in patients on long-term immunomodulatory therapy. Consequently, it is important to be alert to, and consider, this as a differential diagnosis and obtain appropriate tissue samples for histological confirmation. Furthermore, this case also highlights the real risk of opportunistic infection amongst our patient population in addition to the need to carefully monitor this so called ‘stable’ cohort of patients to ensure early detection of potential complications of both long-term autoimmune disease and immunomodulatory therapy with de-escalation of the latter where appropriate.

Published
2021

14. Quantitative Gait Analysis and Cerebrospinal Fluid Tap Test for Idiopathic Normal-pressure Hydrocephalus

Author

Pan-Woo Ko, Jaehwan Han, Uicheul Yoon, Kyunghun Kang, Yong-Hyun Lim, Ho-Won Lee, Sung Hee Kim, Sung Kyoo Hwang, and Ki-Su Park

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, STRIDE, lcsh:Medicine, Article, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gait (human), Cerebrospinal fluid, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Medicine, Humans, lcsh:Science, Gait, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, Tap test, business.industry, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Neurodegenerative diseases, lcsh:R, Disease Management, Diagnostic markers, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure, Hydrocephalus, 030104 developmental biology, Frontal lobe, Gait analysis, Case-Control Studies, (Idiopathic) normal pressure hydrocephalus, Female, lcsh:Q, Disease Susceptibility, business, Gait Analysis, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract

We investigated gait performance utilizing a quantitative gait analysis for 2 groups: (1) idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) patients who had a positive response to the cerebrospinal fluid tap test (CSFTT) and (2) healthy controls. The aims of the study were (1) to analyze the characteristics of gait features, (2) to characterize changes in gait parameters before and after the CSFTT, and (3) to determine whether there was any relationship between stride time and stride length variability and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) scores in INPH patients. Twenty-three INPH patients and 17 healthy controls were included in this study. Compared with healthy controls, the gait of INPH patients was characterized by lower velocity, shorter stride length, and more broad-based gait. Patients with INPH had a longer stance phase with increased double-limb support. Variability in stride time and stride length was increased in INPH patients. Stride time and stride length variability were correlated with FAB score. After the CSFTT, gait velocity, stride length, and step width significantly improved. There were significant decreases in stride time and stride length variability. These results suggest that the CSFTT for INPH patients might improve the so-called balance-related gait parameter (ie, step width) as well. Stride time and stride length variability also responded to the CSFTT. Association between FAB scores and both stride time and stride length variability suggests involvement of similar circuits producing gait variability and frontal lobe functions in INPH patients.

Published
2019

15. Assessment of the Severity of Degenerative Aortic Stenosis: Three Case Reports

Author

Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Stenosis, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, business, medicine.disease
Abstract

노령 인구의 기대 수명이 증가함에 따라 퇴행성 판막 질환이 많아지고 있다. 류마티스성 판막 질환인 승모판 협착증과 대동맥판 역류가 점차적으로 감소하고 석회화된 퇴행성 대동맥판 협착증, 승모판 탈출증 및 허혈성 심장 질환으로 인한 승모판막폐쇄 부전의 빈도가 증가하고 있다. 심장초음파는 심장판막질환의 진단은 물론, 치료방법 및 수술 시기와 더불어 예후 평가에서도 매우 중요한 도구이며, 판막질환을 평가할 때 모든 판막을 자세하게 관찰하는 이면성 심장초음파가 우선해야 한다. 흔히 접하는 퇴행성 판막질환에 대한 이해와 함께 임상적 특성을 파악하여 심장초음파를 정확하게 시행하는 것이 가장 중요하다. 아울러 대동맥판 협착증의 중증도 평가가 수술적 적응증을 판단하는 데 꼭 필요한 검사인만큼 정확한 판단 기준에 따라 평가하여 환자의 정확한 진단 및 치료가 이루어지도록 해야 한다. 퇴행성 대동맥판 협착증 환자 3례를 통해 심장초음파 검사의 중증도 평가를 쉽게 이해할 수 있기를 바라며 퇴행성 판막 질환의 심초음파 소견을 숙지하는 것이 심장초음파검사를 정확하게 수행하는 것에 수반되어야할 것으로 사료된다.

Published
2019

16. Ebstein’s Anomaly in Transthoracic Echocardiography: Two Case Reports

Author

Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, Ebstein's anomaly, Cardiology, medicine, business, medicine.disease, WPW SYNDROME
Abstract

엡스타인 기형은 삼첨판엽이 삼첨판륜에 붙지 않고 아래쪽 우심실 첨부 쪽으로 내려가 우심실 안에 붙는 심장 기형으로 대부분에서 20대까지 생존하는 것으로 되어 있으며 25세 이상에서는 심부전과 급사의 발생이 비슷하였으며 약 70%에서 2세까지 생존하고, 50%에서 3세까지, 5%이하에서 50세 이상까지 생존한다. 본 예를 통해 엡스타인 기형은 다양한 형태로 존재함을 경험하였고, 22세의 WPW 증후군이 동반된 예와 77세까지도 생존하고 있는 예를 보고하는 바이다. 아울러 심첨 4강 단면도에서 정상적인 심장구조는 승모판륜보다 삼첨판륜이 심첨 쪽으로 약간 내려가 있기는 하나 거의 비슷한 선에서 관찰되어야 하는데 그렇지 않다면 반드시 이 기형을 의심해 봐야 한다. 더 나아가 선천성 심장기형의 진단 및 예후를 파악하는데 심장초음파는 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며 필수검사로 임상에서 활용되어지고 있다.

Published
2019

17. Visual and Positional Modulation of Pendular Seesaw Nystagmus: Implications for the Mechanism

Author

Hyo Jung Kim, Sung Hee Kim, Ji Soo Kim, and Sea Won Oh

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Supine position, genetic structures, Head tilt, Seesaw nystagmus, Optic chiasm, Fixation, Ocular, Nystagmus, Nystagmus, Pathologic, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Platybasia, Humans, Medicine, Eye Movement Measurements, Medulla, business.industry, Convergence, Ocular, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Ophthalmoscopy, Optic Atrophy, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Fixation (visual), Visual Perception, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Hemianopsia, Visual Field Tests, Female, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background The mechanisms of pendular seesaw nystagmus (SSN) remain unknown. Methods We evaluated modulation of pendular SSN by removal of visual fixation, convergence, and positional changes in 2 patients, one with bitemporal hemianopia due to a traumatic damage of the optic chiasm and the other with platybasia compressing the medulla and lower cerebellum. Results In both patients, the pendular SSN markedly decreased or disappeared with convergence, without visual fixation in darkness, during static head tilt toward each shoulder while sitting and while supine. Conclusions The similar patterns of nystagmus modulation observed in our patients with a different etiology indicate a common role of both visual and otolithic inputs in generating pendular SSN.

Published
2019

18. Does Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Aggravate Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

Author

Sang-Ahm Lee, Jong Tae Baek, Sang Min Hyun, Yoo-Sam Chung, Sung Hee Kim, Cheon Sik Kim, and Chan Joo Yang

Subjects
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Supine position, REM Sleep, Rapid eye movement sleep, lcsh:Medicine, Polysomnography, Non-rapid eye movement sleep, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Slow-wave sleep, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, lcsh:R, Eye movement, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, medicine.disease, Slow-Wave Sleep, lcsh:RF1-547, Sleep in non-human animals, nervous system diseases, Obstructive sleep apnea, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Anesthesia, Original Article, Surgery, Sleep Stages, business, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Objectives To investigate the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) according to the sleep stage in more detail after control of posture. Methods Patients who underwent nocturnal polysomnography between December 2007 and July 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Inclusion criteria were as follows: age >18 years, sleep efficacy >80%, and patients who underwent polysomnography only in the supine position (100% of the time). Patients were classified into different groups according to the methods the first, rapid eye movement (REM)-dominant group (AHIREM/AHINREM >2), non-rapid eye movement (NREM)-dominant group (AHINREM/AHIREM >2), and non-dominant group; and the second, light sleep group (AHIN1N2>AHISWS) and slow wave sleep (SWS) group (AHISWS>AHIN1N2). Results A total of 234 patients (mean age, 47.4±13.9 years) were included in the study. There were 108 patients (46.2%) in the REM-dominant group, 88 (37.6%) in the non-dominant group, and 38 (16.2%) in the NREM-dominant group. The AHI was significantly higher in the NREM-dominant group than in the REM-dominant group (32.9±22.9 events/hr vs. 18.3±9.5 events/hr, respectively). There were improvements in the AHI from stage 1 to SWS in NREM sleep with the highest level in REM sleep. A higher AHISWS than AHIN1N2 was found in 16 of 234 patients (6.8%); however, there were no significant predictors of these unexpected results except AHI. Conclusion Our results demonstrated the highest AHI during REM sleep stage in total participants after control of posture. However, there were 16.2% of patients showed NREM-dominant pattern (AHINREM/AHIREM >2) and 6.8% of patients showed higher AHISWS than AHIN1N2. Therefore, each group might have a different pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and we need to consider this point when we treat the patients with OSA.

Published
2019

19. Use of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Subgrade Resilient Modulus

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, Jidong Yang, and Steve Pahno

Subjects
multiple linear regression, Technology, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Decision tree, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, gradient boosting, 0201 civil engineering, 021105 building & construction, Linear regression, Range (statistics), General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering, decision trees, business.industry, Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design, Building and Construction, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Ensemble learning, Computer Science Applications, Random forest, Tree (data structure), machine learning, resilient modulus, Gradient boosting, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Decision tree model, random forest
Abstract

Modern machine learning methods, such as tree ensembles, have recently become extremely popular due to their versatility and scalability in handling heterogeneous data and have been successfully applied across a wide range of domains. In this study, two widely applied tree ensemble methods, i.e., random forest (parallel ensemble) and gradient boosting (sequential ensemble), were investigated to predict resilient modulus, using routinely collected soil properties. Laboratory test data on sandy soils from nine borrow pits in Georgia were used for model training and testing. For comparison purposes, the two tree ensemble methods were evaluated against a regression tree model and a multiple linear regression model, demonstrating their superior performance. The results revealed that a single tree model generally suffers from high variance, while providing a similar performance to the traditional multiple linear regression model. By leveraging a collection of trees, both tree ensemble methods, Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting, significantly reduced variance and improved prediction accuracy, with the eXtreme Gradient Boosting being the best model, with an R2 of 0.95 on the test dataset.

Published
2021

20. Circulating mitochondrial N-formyl peptides contribute to secondary nosocomial infection in patients with septic shock

Author

Kiyoshi Itagaki, Carl J. Hauser, Yoon Sun Jung, Woon Yong Kwon, Kyung Ah Kim, Seung Min Park, Subi Oh, Sung Hee Kim, Jeong Yeon Kim, Gil Joon Suh, Kyung Su Kim, A Rum Lee, Byoung Choul Kim, Taegyun Kim, Ha Young Kim, and Young Kim

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Chemokine, Medical Sciences, Neutrophils, Secondary infection, Neutrophil Activation, law.invention, Sepsis, sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, medicine, Humans, infections, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross Infection, Multidisciplinary, biology, Chemotactic Factors, business.industry, Septic shock, Chemotaxis, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, nosocomial, NADH Dehydrogenase, Odds ratio, Biological Sciences, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Receptors, Formyl Peptide, Shock, Septic, Mitochondria, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, biology.protein, Female, formyl peptide, business, Peptides, Ex vivo
Abstract

Significance Septic shock commonly leads to multiorgan injury both directly via tissue inflammation and secondarily via hypoperfusion, but both can result in mitochondrial N-formyl peptide (mtFP) release into the circulation. However, no studies have evaluated the role of circulating mtFPs during septic shock. We found that a relatively high plasma nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-6 (the most potent human mtFP) level was independently associated with the development of secondary infection in patients with septic shock and that the increased susceptibility to secondary infection is partly attributed to the suppression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotaxis by mtFP occupancy of formyl peptide receptor-1. Incorporation of these findings into therapeutic strategies may improve clinical outcomes in septic shock patients by preventing PMN chemotactic anergy., Secondary infections typically worsen outcomes of patients recovering from septic shock. Neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)] migration to secondarily inoculated sites may play a key role in inhibiting progression from local bacterial inoculation to secondary infection. Mitochondrial N-formyl peptide (mtFP) occupancy of formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) has been shown to suppress PMN chemotaxis. Therefore, we studied the association between circulating mtFPs and the development of secondary infection in patients with septic shock. We collected clinical data and plasma samples from patients with septic shock admitted to the intensive care unit for longer than 72 h. Impacts of circulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-6 (ND6) upon clinical outcomes were analyzed. Next, the role of ND6 in PMN chemotaxis was investigated using isolated human PMNs. Studying plasma samples from 97 patients with septic shock, we found that circulating ND6 levels at admission were independently and highly associated with the development of secondary infection (odds ratio = 30.317, 95% CI: 2.904 to 316.407, P = 0.004) and increased 90-d mortality (odds ratio = 1.572, 95% CI: 1.002 to 2.465, P = 0.049). In ex vivo experiments, ND6 pretreatment suppressed FPR1-mediated PMN chemotactic responses to bacterial peptides in the presence of multiple cytokines and chemokines, despite increased nondirectional PMN movements. Circulating mtFPs appear to contribute to the development of secondary infection and increased mortality in patients with septic shock who survive their early hyperinflammatory phase. The increased susceptibility to secondary infection is probably partly mediated by the suppression of FPR1-mediated PMN chemotaxis to secondary infected sites.

Published
2021

21. Incidence and Treatment Outcome of Rhinosinusitis before Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Min Soo Kim, Jin Seok Oh, Sung Hee Kim, and Ji Heui Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, sinusitis, Medicine (miscellaneous), Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, endoscopy, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sinusitis, Immunodeficiency, Kidney transplantation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), imaging, Retrospective cohort study, computed tomography, medicine.disease, Endoscopy, Transplantation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Medicine, business, immunodeficiency
Abstract

Background: The use of immunosuppressants after transplantation can aggravate sinus infections. Although kidney transplantation (KT) recipients are administered strong immunosuppressant therapy, there is few consensus or reports on incidence and treatment of rhinosinusitis before KT. This study was undertaken to analyze the results of a cohort of KT recipients that underwent sinonasal evaluation before KT. Methods: Observational retrospective cohort data were analyzed from adults who underwent a KT between January 2015 and December 2018. In total, 966 patients were screened by clinical history, nasal endoscopy, and plain X-ray before KT. Results: A total of 86 patients (8.9%) were diagnosed with rhinosinusitis. Twenty-three of the eighty-six patients (26.7%) who underwent plain X-ray on second follow up were successfully treated with primary and secondary antibiotics, saline irrigation, and INS. From the remaining 63 patients who underwent additional CT on second follow up, 43 patients were treated with primary or secondary antibiotics and 20 patients (10 with chronic rhinosinusitis and 10 with fungal ball) were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery. There were no serious complications affecting patient mortality after KT. Conclusion: We report that 8.9% of patients showed abnormal findings in sinonasal evaluation before KT. Although most patients did not require surgery, surgery is recommended for active rhinosinusitis, which does not respond to medication, and for fungal rhinosinusitis to prevent postoperative sinonasal infection.

Published
2021

22. Gait in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Author

Yong-Hyun Lim, Kyunghun Kang, Ho-Won Lee, Ji-Soo Kim, and Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, STRIDE, gait, lcsh:RC346-429, vertigo, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gait (human), Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Vertigo, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, posture, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Original Research, Vestibular system, vestibular, Semicircular canal, biology, business.industry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, BPPV, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), sense organs, business, Cadence, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Center of pressure (fluid mechanics)
Abstract

Purpose: Patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) experience gait unsteadiness not only during the attacks but also between the spells. This study aimed to measure gait changes in BPPV and determine whether these changes are associated with the involved canal or lesion side.Methods: We recruited 33 patients with a diagnosis of unilateral BPPV. Patients with other vestibular or central nervous system disorders were excluded. Gait was assessed using the GAITRite™ system before and after canalith repositioning treatment (CRT).Results: After CRT, improvements were observed in various gait parameters including velocity (p < 0.001), cadence (p < 0.001), functional ambulation profile (p = 0.011), and the coefficient of variation of stride time (p = 0.004). Exploration of the center of pressure (COP) distribution also revealed improved stabilization during locomotion after CRT. The spatiotemporal gait variables did not differ between the patients with horizontal- and posterior-canal BPPV, or between the ipsilesional and contralesional sides before CRT.Conclusions: The gait parameters reflecting velocity and rhythmicity along with stability of COP distribution improved after the resolution of BPPV. Episodic overexcitation of semicircular canal may impair the vestibular information that is integrated with the other reference afferent systems and lead to impaired gait performance.

Published
2021

23. Novel Prioritization Mechanism to Enhance Long-Term Performance Predictions for Bridge Asset Management

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, Stephan A. Durham, Mi G. Chorzepa, and O. Brian Oyegbile

Subjects
Prioritization, Mechanism (biology), business.industry, Computer science, Depreciation, Building and Construction, Preventive maintenance, Bridge (nautical), Term (time), Risk analysis (engineering), Asset management, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Current strategies for prioritizing bridge preventive maintenance, rehabilitation, or replacement (MRR) include predicting future conditions by delineating depreciation rates from existing ...

Published
2021

24. Unsupervised Learning of Pavement Distresses from Surface Images

Author

J. James Yang, Sung-Hee Kim, and Ahmad Abdelmawla

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Asphalt pavement, Computer science, business.industry, Feature vector, Principal component analysis, Unsupervised learning, Pattern recognition, Image processing, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract

The most common asphalt pavement surface distress is cracking, manifested in various forms, such as transverse, longitudinal, and reflective cracks, governed by different initiation and propagation mechanisms. Being able to timely detect and classify different types of cracks provides critical information for properly maintaining and managing our invaluable road assets. In this paper, a series of classic image processing techniques were applied to pavement surface images to delineate crack patterns. The processed images were projected to a low-dimensional feature space through principal component analysis (PCA). A K-means algorithm is then applied to cluster images in the low-dimensional feature space. The results revealed a meaningful correlation between the crack patterns and the clusters derived.

Published
2021

25. High Integrity and Fidelity of Long-Term Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Blood for Transplantation

Author

Jihye Kwak, Hee Jung Kim, Sung Hee Kim, Wonil Oh, Soo Jin Choi, Soyoun Um, Hye Jin Jin, Gee-Hye Kim, and Hye Kyung Hong

Subjects
Cell, CD34, lcsh:Medicine, Umbilical cord, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Cryopreservation, Article, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, recovery, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, total nucleated cells, lcsh:R, Hematopoietic stem cell, General Medicine, Transplantation, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cord blood, cord blood, long-term cryopreservation, business
Abstract

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is used as a source of donor cells for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The success of transplantation is dependent on the quality of cord blood (CB) units for maximizing the chance of engraftment. Improved outcomes following transplantation are associated with certain factors of cryopreserved CB units: total volume and total nucleated cell (TNC) count, mononuclear cell (MNC) count, and CD34+ cell count. The role of the storage period of CB units in determining the viability and counts of cells is less clear and is related to the quality of cryopreserved CB units. Herein, we demonstrate the recovery of viable TNCs and CD34+ cells, as well as the MNC viability in 20-year-old cryopreserved CB units in a CB bank (MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). In addition, cell populations in CB units were evaluated for future clinical applications. The stable recovery rate of the viability of cryopreserved CB that had been stored for up to 20 years suggested the possibility of uses of the long-term cryopreservation of CB units. Similar relationships were observed in the recovery of TNCs and CD34+ cells in units of cryopreserved and fresh CB. The high-viability recovery of long-term cryopreserved CB suggests that successful hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation and other clinical applications, which are suitable for treating incurable diseases, may be performed regardless of long-term storage.

Published
2021

27. Role of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in the development of atopic dermatitis

Author

Noo Ri Lee, Eung Ho Choi, Sung Hee Kim, Chung Hyeok Lee, Young Bin Lee, Eun Jung Kim, Hyun Jee Hwang, Min Geol Lee, Solam Lee, Beom Jun Kim, Sang Eun Lee, and Gareth G. Lavery

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Keratinocytes, lcsh:Medicine, Oxazolone, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Knockout Techniques, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, biology, Atopic dermatitis, Chronic inflammation, Up-Regulation, Skin diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cytokines, Female, medicine.symptom, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, Inflammation, Thymus Gland, Article, Cell Line, Dermatitis, Atopic, 03 medical and health sciences, In vivo, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Epidermis (botany), business.industry, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, biology.protein, lcsh:Q, Cortisone, Epidermis, business
Abstract

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs, the secretion of which is mediated and controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However, they are also secreted de novo by peripheral tissues for local use. Several tissues express 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1), including the skin. The inactive GC cortisone is converted by 11β-HSD1 to active GC cortisol, which is responsible for delayed wound healing during a systemic excess of GC. However, the role of 11β-HSD1 in inflammation is unclear. We assessed whether 11β-HSD1 affects the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in vitro and in vivo. The expression of 11β-HSD1 in the epidermis of AD lesions was higher than that in the epidermis of healthy controls. Knockdown of 11β-HSD1 in human epidermal keratinocytes increased the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. In an oxazolone-induced mouse model of AD, localized inhibition of 11β-HSD1 aggravated the development of AD and increased serum cytokine levels associated with AD. Mice with whole-body knockout (KO) of 11β-HSD1 developed significantly worse AD upon induction by oxazolone. We propose that 11β-HSD1 is a major factor affecting AD pathophysiology via suppression of atopic inflammation due to the modulation of active GC in the skin.

Published
2020

28. Understanding the Role of Visualizations on Decision Making: A Study on Working Memory

Author

Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
Elementary cognitive task, genetic structures, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Articulatory suppression, Decision quality, 02 engineering and technology, Crowdsourcing, 050105 experimental psychology, decision making, working memory, Task (project management), Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, lcsh:T58.5-58.64, business.industry, Working memory, lcsh:Information technology, Communication, 05 social sciences, Sorting, 020207 software engineering, eye diseases, Human-Computer Interaction, Baddeley's model of working memory, information visualization, business, crowdsourcing-based user study
Abstract

The use of data visualization is increasing, however, there is little empirical explanation for how it supports users. Our goal in this paper is to deepen our understanding of the role of interactive visualizations in a particular context of decision making. Specifically, we attempt to understand the role of the working memory system, which is a concept to understand the mechanism of the processing and temporary storage of information in variety of cognitive tasks. We compared two interfaces, SimulSort and its non-visual counterpart Typical Sorting, with a multi-attribute decision-making problem. Because decision outcomes are known to be affected by the limitations of a person&rsquo, s working memory, we conducted a crowdsourcing-based user study using SimulSort to understand how working memory, especially the phonological loop, can benefit from the using visualizations. We examined the impact on working memory with a well known dual-task methodology by designing a concurrent task to tap into the main decision-making task. The experiment was conducted with a total of 137 participants and an ordered logistic regression using a proportional odds model was applied to analyze the decision quality. The results supported the hypothesis that when using SimulSort, participants required less working memory than they required with Typical Sorting to accomplish the multi-attribute decision-making task even though SimulSort outperformed Typical Sorting in terms of decision quality. We also provide methodologies to conduct working memory studies by implementing an articulatory suppression task on crowdsourcing platforms in which experimenters have less control over the participants.

Published
2020

29. Investigation of Cracks Observed on a Skewed Bridge Constructed Using Self-Propelled Modular Transporters

Author

Stephan A. Durham, Sung-Hee Kim, Chnar Solae, and Mi G. Chorzepa

Subjects
Materials science, Bearing (mechanical), business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, Modular design, Bridge (interpersonal), Finite element method, 0201 civil engineering, law.invention, Deck, Cracking, law, 021105 building & construction, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

This study investigates full-depth deck cracks observed on a skewed bridge, which was constructed using self-propelled modular transporters (SPMTs). To investigate the causes, three main fa...

Published
2020

30. Stiffness and Strength Improvement of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pavement Foundation Using Large-Scale Wheel Test

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, Jason Wright, and Bumjoo Kim

Subjects
0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, dynamic cone penetrometer, computer.software_genre, subgrade, lcsh:Technology, Dynamic load testing, Geogrid, Load testing, 0203 mechanical engineering, 021105 building & construction, medicine, Geotextile, General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering, Aggregate base, business.industry, lcsh:T, Stiffness, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, Subgrade, rolling wheel load, geosynthetics, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Computer Science Applications, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Geosynthetics, medicine.symptom, business, light weight deflectometer, computer, Geology
Abstract

Laboratory cyclic plate load tests are commonly used in the assessment of geosynthetic performance in pavement applications due to the repeatability of testing results and the smaller required testing areas than traditional Accelerated Pavement Testing facilities. While the objective of traditional plate load testing procedure is to closely replicate traffic conditions, the reality is that rolling wheel loads produce different stresses in pavement layers than traditional cyclic plate load tests. This two-fold study investigates the differences between the stress response of subgrade soil from a rolling wheel load (replicating rolling traffic conditions) and a unidirectional dynamic load (replicating traditional plate load test procedures) in order to obtain a more realistic stress response of pavement layers from rolling wheel traffic. Ultimately, results show that the testing specimens that experienced rolling wheel loading had an average of 17% higher pressure measurements in the top of the subgrade than vertically loaded (unidirectional dynamic load) specimens. The second segment of this study is used in conjunction with the first to analyze aggregate base material behavior when using a geosynthetic for reinforcement. The study aimed to determine the difference in the post-trafficked strength and stiffness of pavement foundation. A Dynamic Cone Penetrometer and Light Weight Deflectometer were utilized to determine material changes from this trafficking and revealed that all specimens that included a geosynthetic had a higher base stiffness and strength while the specimen with geotextile and geogrid in combination created the highest stiffness and strength after large-scale rolling wheel trafficking.

Published
2020

31. Effects of mix design variables on flexibility index of asphalt concrete mixtures

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, R. Austin Etheridge, and Jidong Yang

Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation, Fatigue cracking, Index (economics), Materials science, business.industry, 05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Flexibility Index, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, Bending, Mix design, Asphalt concrete, Fatigue resistance, Mechanics of Materials, 021105 building & construction, 0502 economics and business, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The semicircular bending (SCB) test has been commonly used to evaluate the fatigue resistance performance of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures. In this study, flexible index (FI) was obtained based on...

Published
2018

32. Dizziness in patients with cognitive impairment

Author

Ho-Won Lee, Sung Hee Kim, and Yong-Hyun Lim

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Audiology, Neuropsychological Tests, Affect (psychology), Dizziness, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, Medicine, Dementia, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Cognitive decline, Postural Balance, media_common, Aged, Vestibular system, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Parkinsonism, Neuropsychology, Cognition, Middle Aged, Vestibular Function Tests, medicine.disease, Sensory Systems, Otorhinolaryngology, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Accumulating evidences show that the vestibular system contributes to cognitive function, including visuospatial ability, memory, and attention. Conversely, cognitive processes appear to affect the vestibular system. Based on the assumption that cognitive impairment correlates to increased perception of dizziness, we recruited 308 adults with cognitive decline from neurodegenerative disorders and administered neuropsychological tests and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Global cognitive measures did not correlate with increased dizziness, whereas attentional and visuospatial cognitive ability was correlated with scores of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Furthermore, patients with both cognitive impairment and postural instability experienced notably worse dizziness than those without postural instability, suggesting that postural instability is an important determinant of dizziness.

Published
2019

33. Niacin and Selenium Attenuate Brain Injury After Cardiac Arrest in Rats by Up-Regulating DJ-1-Akt Signaling

Author

Woon Yong Kwon, A Rum Lee, Kyoung Min You, Sung Hee Kim, Kyung Su Kim, Gil Joon Suh, Min Ji Park, and Yoon Sun Jung

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Combination therapy, Protein Deglycase DJ-1, Glutathione reductase, Pharmacology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Niacin, Neuroprotection, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Selenium, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Medicine, RNA, Small Interfering, Protein kinase B, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reactive oxygen species, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione, Heart Arrest, Rats, Up-Regulation, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Brain Injuries, business, Oxidation-Reduction, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Objectives To determine neuroprotective effects and mechanism of the combination therapy of niacin and selenium in cardiac arrest rats. Design Prospective laboratory study. Setting University laboratory. Subjects Rat cortex neurons and male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 68). Interventions In rat cortex neurons underwent 90 minutes of oxygen-glucose deprivation and 22.5 hours of reoxygenation, effects of the combination therapy of niacin (0.9 mM) and selenium (1.5 μM) were investigated. The role of DJ-1 was determined using DJ-1 knockdown cells. In cardiac arrest rats, posttreatment effects of the combination therapy of niacin (360 mg/kg) and selenium (60 μg/kg) were evaluated. Measurements and main results In oxygen-glucose deprivation and 22.5 hours of reoxygenation cells, combination therapy synergistically activated the glutathione redox cycle by a niacin-induced increase in glutathione reductase and a selenium-induced increase in glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced hydrogen peroxide level. It increased phosphorylated Akt and intranuclear Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression and attenuated neuronal injury. However, these benefits were negated by DJ-1 knockdown. In cardiac arrest rats, combination therapy increased DJ-1, phosphorylated Akt, and intranuclear nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression, suppressed caspase 3 cleavage, and attenuated histologic injury in the brain tissues. It also improved the 7-day Neurologic Deficit Scales from 71.5 (66.0-74.0) to 77.0 (74.-80.0) (p = 0.02). Conclusions The combination therapy of clinically relevant doses of niacin and selenium attenuated brain injury and improved neurologic outcome in cardiac arrest rats. Its benefits were associated with reactive oxygen species reduction and subsequent DJ-1-Akt signaling up-regulation.

Published
2018

34. Tip Grafting for the Asian Nose

Author

Sung Hee Kim and Yong Ju Jang

Subjects
Grafting (decision trees), medicine.medical_treatment, Dentistry, Nose, 030230 surgery, Turbinates, Skin thickness, Conchal cartilage, Rhinoplasty, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Asian People, Nasal Cartilages, medicine, Humans, Perichondrium, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, business.industry, Cartilage, Nose Deformities, Acquired, Costal cartilage, Costal Cartilage, surgical procedures, operative, medicine.anatomical_structure, Surgery, business
Abstract

Tip surgery during rhinoplasty is particularly difficult in Asians. Tip grafting is the best approach. Conchal cartilage with perichondrium and costal cartilage are powerful grafting materials. The most important grafting techniques are tip-onlay grafting, shield grafting, and multilayer tip grafting. Tip-onlay grafts are useful for dorsal convexity. Shield grafts require sufficient support to prevent bending. Multilayer tip grafts (usually 2 layers) are versatile. Asians vary in cartilage configuration, skin thickness, and aesthetic desires: tip-grafting strategies must be tailored to meet the aesthetic goals of individuals. Tip-grafting complications (eg, visible graft contour and infection) are not uncommon and should be considered.

Published
2018

35. Resident and monocyte-derived Langerhans cells are required for imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis model

Author

Tae-Gyun Kim, Minseok Lee, Sung Hee Kim, Min Geol Lee, Jae Won Lee, and Jeyun Park

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Erythema, medicine.medical_treatment, Mice, Transgenic, Imiquimod, Inflammation, Dermatology, Biochemistry, Monocytes, Flow cytometry, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigens, CD, Psoriasis, medicine, Animals, Humans, Lectins, C-Type, Molecular Biology, integumentary system, Epidermis (botany), medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, Dendritic Cells, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Mannose-Binding Lectins, 030104 developmental biology, Cytokine, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Epidermal Cells, Langerhans Cells, Immunology, Aminoquinolines, Cytokines, Female, Epidermis, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Langerhans cells (LCs) are dendritic cells that reside in the epidermis and local inflammation results in an increased differentiation of monocyte-derived LCs. Only few studies have investigated on the role of LCs in psoriasis-like dermatitis model, but the results are variable and the exact role of LCs in psoriasis model remains to be elucidated. Objective To explore the functional role of resident (rLCs) and monocyte-derived LCs (mLCs) in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like inflammation using human Langerin-diphtheria toxin subunit A (huLang-DTA) mice. Methods 5% IMQ cream was topically applied on the skins. Clinical and histopathological features were evaluated. Psoriasis-related gene expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The production of psoriasis-related cytokines including IL-17A and IL-22 by T cells were assessed by flow cytometry from the lesional skins. Results huLang-DTA mice showed a common depletion of both rLCs and mLCs in the IMQ-treated skins. huLang-DTA mice had a reduced IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation featuring erythema, scale, and thickness compared with wild-type mice. Psoriatic lesions from huLang-DTA mice had a decreased level of Il23a and accordingly demonstrated an attenuated cytokine production of IL-17A and IL-22 from γδlow T cells. mLCs revealed a significantly greater level of IL-23 expression compared to rLCs in response to topical IMQ treatment. Conclusion Although both rLCs and mLCs are involved in the development of IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis, inflammation-induced mLCs present a superior capacity for producing IL-23 in this murine experimental model of psoriasis.

Published
2018

36. Aperiodic Alternating Nystagmus in Lateral Medullary Strokes

Author

Sung Hee Kim and Ji Soo Kim

Subjects
Neurology, Medullary cavity, business.industry, Aperiodic graph, Velocity storage, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), General Medicine, Nystagmus, Anatomy, medicine.symptom, business
Published
2019

37. Machine learning of Truck Traffic Classification groups from Weigh-in-Motion data

Author

Narges Tahaei, Jidong Yang, Mi G. Chorzepa, Stephan A. Durham, and Sung-Hee Kim

Subjects
Truck, Computer science, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Unsupervised learning, Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) design, Weight-in-Motion (WIM), Clustering analysis, Feature (machine learning), Cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), business.industry, QA75.5-76.95, General Medicine, Traffic classification, Electronic computers. Computer science, Data analysis, Q300-390, Software design, Weigh in motion, Artificial intelligence, business, Truck traffic classification group, Cybernetics, computer
Abstract

The pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) design requires high-dimensional traffic feature inputs by categories, including Vehicle Class Distributions (VCD), Monthly Distribution Factors (MDF), Hourly Distribution Factors (HDF), and Normalized Axles Load Spectra (NALS). In simplifying the Pavement ME design practice, Truck Traffic Classification (TTC) groups are commonly used for characterizing traffic inputs. Thus, properly defining TTC groups is critical for state-specific pavement ME design practice. In this study, the truck traffic data from existing Weight-in-Motion (WIM) stations were mined to develop specific TTC groups to assist with pavement ME design practice in Georgia. An effective data analytics procedure was developed by leveraging unsupervised machine learning techniques to reduce the high-dimensional traffic features by stratified Principal Component Analysis (PCA), followed by K-means clustering to establish appropriate TTC groups. For a case study, the performance of two typical designs was evaluated using the AASHTOWare pavement mechanistic-empirical (ME) design software with respect to two scenarios of traffic inputs: (1) the derived cluster-based groups, and (2) the national default TTC groups. The results indicated that direct application of the national default TTC groups resulted in over-design of pavement structure in Georgia. Therefore, it is highly recommended that customized TTC groups should be developed using state-specific WIM data.

Published
2021

38. Long Term Speech Perception Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation in Gap Junction Protein Beta 2 Related Hearing Loss

Author

Kwang-Sun Lee, Myung Hoon Yoo, Jong Woo Chung, Rajendra Nepali, and Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Speech perception, Hearing loss, Audiology, Comprehension test, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Gjb2 gene, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Cochlear implantation, business.industry, Sensory Systems, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Gap junction protein beta 2, Original Article, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background and objectives The mutation of the gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2) gene is the predominant cause of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the speech perception outcome after cochlear implantation according to the presence of a GJB2 mutation. Subjects and methods During the period from March 2004 to February 2005, 38 patients underwent cochlear implantation at Asan Medical Center. Genetic factors and speech perception were evaluated in all subjects, and the patients were grouped according to the presence of a GJB2 mutation. The two groups were carefully matched according to the age at cochlear implantation. We analyzed four mutations in the GJB2 gene: 35delG, 167delT, 235delC, and E114G. Speech perception outcomes were measured using the open set, 1 and 2 syllables, the comprehension test, the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale, the categories of auditory performance, and the Speech Intelligibility Rating scores. The evaluations were performed before the operation, 6 and 12 months thereafter, and then annually up to nine years after cochlear implantation. Results Fifteen patients had bi-allelic GJB2 mutations (11 with E114G and 4 with 235delC), whereas the remaining 23 had wild type alleles. For the age-matched analysis, 14 patients were selected and divided into two groups of 7 subjects each: GJB2 mutation and no mutation (i.e., deafness of unknown origin). Overall, all patients showed improvement of speech perception outcome after cochlear implantation. There was no difference in the improvement between patients with and without GJB2 mutations at the 5-year and 9-year follow up. The pattern of improvement throughout the duration of the follow-up also showed no difference between the two groups. Conclusions Similar outcomes of speech perception are expected after cochlear implantation in pediatric patients with or without GJB2 mutation.

Published
2017

39. Approach to pupillary abnormalities via anatomical pathways

Author

Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Anisocoria, 0302 clinical medicine, Tonic pupil, business.industry, Ophthalmology, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Pupil
Published
2017

40. Isolated vestibular syndromes due to brainstem and cerebellar lesions

Author

Sung Hee Kim, Ji Soo Kim, and Hyo Jung Kim

Subjects
Cerebellum, Flocculus, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, Nucleus prepositus, 0302 clinical medicine, Vestibular nuclei, Vertigo, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, Vestibular system, Brain Diseases, biology, business.industry, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, Vestibular Diseases, Neurology, Cerebellar peduncle, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), Brainstem, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Brain Stem
Abstract

Dizziness/vertigo is the most common symptoms of posterior circulation strokes. Isolated vestibular symptoms and signs without other neurologic deficits have been found in infarctions involving the brainstem and cerebellum. In the brainstem, infarctions responsible for isolated vestibular syndrome are usually restricted to the dorsal portion that contains the vestibular nucleus and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi. Cerebellar lesions confined to the flocculus, tonsil, and nodulus also produce isolated vertigo and imbalance. The cerebellar peduncle, as a conduit between the brainstem and cerebellum, can also produce isolated vestibular syndrome when damaged. Recognition of these isolated central vestibular syndromes aids in defining the function of each structure and in localizing the involved neural structures based upon the vestibular and ocular motor findings.

Published
2017

41. Students' participation in collaborative research should be recognised

Author

Aditya Borakati, Kenneth McLean, Thomas M. Drake, Ewen M. Harrison, Sivesh K. Kamarajah, Chetan Khatri, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Minaam Abbas, Muhammad Abdalkoddus, Areej Abdel-Fattah, Reem Abdelgalil, Haweya Abdikadir, Ryan Adams, Sarah Adams, Inioluwa Adelaja, Abiola Adeogun, Helena Adjei, Amirul Adlan, Hussamuddin Adwan, Sara Aeyad, Raiyyan Aftab, Amir Afzul, Vani Agarwal, Hosam Aglan, Medha Agrawal, Rishi Agrawal, Fiza Ahmed, Sobia Akhtar, Onyinye Akpenyi, Maithem Al-Attar, Muhammed Al-Ausi, Waleed Al-Khyatt, Alia Al-Mousawi, Zainab Al-Nasser, Anand Alagappan, Justin Alberts, Maryam Alfa-Wali, Abdulmajid Ali, Adnan Ali, Tamara Ali, Bilal Alkhaffaf, Rachael Allen, Kassem Alubaidi, Edemanwan Andah, Richard Anderson, Kirstine Andrew, Andrew Ang, Eshen Ang, Theophilus Anyomih, James Archer, Matt Archer, Steven Arnell, Matthew Arnold, Esha Arora, Nadeem Ashraf, Raees Ashraf, Jordan Ashwood, Usama Asif, Andrew Atayi, Sameera Auckburally, Ralph Austin, Sultana Azam, Aishah Azri Yahaya, Fiyin Babatunde, Simon Bach, Roudi Bachar, Abdul Badran, Caroline Baillie, Edward Balai, Alexander Baldwin, Vartan Balian, Danielle Banfield, Jonathan Bannard-Smith, Connor Barker, Behrad Barmayehvar, Jane Barnfield, David Bartlett, Richard Bartlett, Kwaku Baryeh, Siddharth Basetti, Kellie Bateman, Michael Bath, Andrew Beamish, William Beasley, Simon Beecroft, Ardit Begaj, Gurpreet Beghal, Jessica Belchos, Katarzyna Bera, Tara Bergara, Anna Betts, Aneel Bhangu, Gayathri Bhaskaran, Amina Bhatti, Mihai Bica, Caitlin Billyard, Emily Birkin, Jane Blazeby, Harry Blege, Natalie Blencowe, Christopher Blore, Alex Boddy, Matthew Boissaud-Cooke, Anita Bolina, William Bolton, David Bosanquet, Doug Bowley, Kathryn Boyce, Graham Branagan, Jessica Brayley, Joanna Brecher, Kristina Bresges, Emily Briggs, Ryan Broll, Damien Brown, Elliot Brown, Leo Brown, Robin Brown, Rory Brown, Connor Bruce, Pepa Bruce, Rory Buckle, Emily Budd, Richard Buka, Dermot Burke, Joshua Burke, Alisha Burman, Laura Burney, Amy Burrows, Mohammed Bux, Ronan Cahill, Clementina Calabria, Julian Camilleri-Brennan, Amy Campbell, Bill Campbell, Matthew Cant, Yun Cao, Sophie Carlson, Grace Carr, Luke Carr, Rebecca Carr, Richard Carr, Eleanor Cartwright, Alice Castle, Kirsty Cattle, Daniel Cave, Stephen Chapman, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sanjay Chaudhri, Ahmad Chaudhry, Paresh Chauhan, Priyesh Chauhan, Ryad Chebbout, Yunzi Chen, Louisa Chenciner, Jingjie Cheng, Natalie Cheng, Lin Chew, Zenab China, Abhishek Chitnis, Praminthra Chitsabesan, Paul Choi, Sarah Choi, Mariam Choudhry, Chern Choy, Claudia Ciurleo, Henry Claireaux, Peter Coe, Simon Cole, Katy Concannon, Edward Cope, Olivia Corbridge, Jessica Court, Louise Cox, Anna Craig-Mcquaide, Ben Cresswell, Lauren Crozier, Neil Cruickshank, Lucy Cuckow, Helen Cui, Elspeth Cumber, Sarah Cumming, Olivia Cundy, Melissa Cunha, Pedro Cunha, Laura Cunliffe, Jazleen Dada, Prita Daliya, Jeffrey Dalli, Ian Daniels, James Daniels, Ahmed Daoub, Sabeera Dar, Emma Das, Kaustuv Das, Emily Davies, Gareth Davies, Kirsty Davies, Kristen Davies, Rachel Davies, Victoria Dawe, Joshua Lucas de Carvalho, Katie De Jong, Katherine Deasy, Praveena Deekonda, Sahil Deepak, Henal Desai, Karishma Desai, Ryan Devlin, Nishat Dewan, Akashdeep Dhillon, Priya Dhillon, Tanya Dhir, Salomone Di Saverio, Julia Diamond, Peter Dib, Panagiotis A. Dimitriadis, Shiva Dindyal, Matthew Doe, Ciaran Doehrty, Tara Dogra, Arpan Doshi, Alison Downey, Joseph Doyle, Ashleigh Draper, Sarah Duff, Joseph Duncumb, Sophie Dupre, Justine Durno, Michal Dzieweczynski, Nicola Eardley, Sarah Easby, Sam Easdon, Hamdi Ebdewi, Lydon Eccles, Jacob Edwards, Padma Eedarapalli, Mohamed Elbuzidi, Patrick Elder, Lucy Elliott, Malaz Elsaddig, Ysabelle Embury-Young, Sophie Emesih, Alec Engledow, William English, Christos Episkopos, Jonathan Epstein, Rahim Esmail, Taher Fatayer, Nicolò Favero, Nicola Fearnhead, Maxine Feldman, Evelyn Fennelly, Stephen Fenwick, Lucie Ferguson, Stuart Fergusson, Petros Fessas, Isabel FitzGerald, J. Edward Fitzgerald, Harry Fitzpatrick, Daniel Fletcher, Tonia Forjoe, Beniamino Forte, Alex Fowler, Benjamin France, Abraham Francis, Niroshan Francis, Sunil Francis, Sam Freeman, Vicky Fretwell, Teresa Fung, Hugh Furness, Michael Gallagher, Stuart Gallagher, Chuanyu Gao, Lothaire Garard, Shona Gardner, Andrew Gaukroger, Daniel George, Simi George, Jamal Ghaddar, Ali Ghaffar, Shamira Ghouse, Amanda Gilbert, Ashveen Gill, Francesco Giovinazzo, Carey Girling, Lolade Giwa, James Glasbey, Paul Glen, Mary Goble, Jenna Godfrey, Shreya Goel, Wenn Goh, Kajal Gohil, Shyam Gokani, David Gold, David Golding, Andrea Gonzalez-Ciscar, Ross Goodson, Melissa Gough, Shubhangi Govil, Thomas Gower, Christopher Graham, Sam Gray, Patrick Green, Samuel Greenhalgh, Kyriacos Gregoriou, Rhiannon Gribbell, Mary Catherine Gribbon, Charlotte Grieco, Emma Griffiths, Ewen Griffiths, Nathan Griffiths, Sara Griffiths, Cathleen Grossart, Daniel Guerero, Christianne Guillotte, Rishi Gupta, Claire Guy, Adam Gwozdz, James Haddow, Shazia Hafiz, Constantine Halkias, Elisabeth Hall, Hasseb Hamid, Emma Hamilton, Gurvinder Singh Harbhajan Singh, John Hardman, Rhiannon Harries, Rhydian Harris, Suzanne Harrogate, Megan Harty, Jessica Harvey, Rahima Hashemi, Ahmed Hassane, Helen Hawkins, Thomas Hawthorne, John Hayes, Phoebe Hazenberg, Harry Heath, Madhusoodhana Hebbar, R. Heer, Roisin Hegarty O'Dowd, David Henshall, Philip Herrod, Elizabeth Hester, Emily Heywood, Nick Heywood, Frances Hill, James Hill, Kirsty Hill, May Ho, Marianne Hollyman, David Holroyd, Joseph Home, Steve Hornby, Laura Horne, Charlotte Horseman, Huma Hosamuddin, Amy Hough, George Hourston, Nathan Hudson-Peacock, Belinda Hughes, Katie Hughes, Isabel Huppatz, Penelope Hurst, Mahrukh Hussain, Shoaib Fahad Hussain, Syeda Hussain, Imogen Hutchings, Bilal Ibrahim, Lema Imam, Rory Ingham, Rose Ingleton, Rizwan Iqbal, Jenny Isherwood, Abdurrahman Islim, Omar Ismail, Shashank Iyer, Toby Jackman, Prashant Jain, Nadeem Jamal, Sabine Jamal, Ellen James, Nirmitha Jayaratne, Nathan Jeffreys, Hiral Jhala, Courtney Johnson, Zoe Johnston, Conor Jones, Emma-Jane Jones, Keaton Jones, Victor Jones, Roshan Joseph, Dilan Joshi, Holly Joyce, Claire Joyner, Aditya Kale, Sagar Kanabar, Lina Kanapeckaite, Hadyn Kankam, Sarantos Kaptanis, Edward Karam, Dimitrios Karponis, Anne Karunatilleke, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Geeta Kaur, Samina Kauser, Nigel Keelty, Denise Kelly, Jessica Kennett, Molly Kerr, Ahmed Kerwan, Apoorva Khajuria, Mostafa Khalil, Mehnoor Khaliq, Ayushah Khan, Hamzah Khan, Haroon Khan, Maaz Khan, Maria Khan, Shahab Khan, Kaywaan Khan, Rachel Khaw, Ashni Kheterpal, Parisa Khonsari, Miraen Kiandee, Samuel Kim, Suji Kim, Sung-Hee Kim, Harry King, Anna Kinsella, Ajit Kishore, Stefan Klimach, Angelos G. Kolias, Anna Kolodziejczyk, Chia Yew Kong, Tseun Han James Kong, Omar Kouli, Sebi Kukran, Sevi Kukran, Geev Kumaran, Vladislav Kutuzov, Chris Laing, Georgina Laing, Kulvinder Lal, Peter Lalor, Joel Lambert, Sai Geethan Lambotharan, Eve Lancaster, Jasmine Latter, Michelle Latter, Kenny Lau, Alexa Lazarou, Madeline Leadon, Gabriel Lee, Jeyoung Lee, Kathryn Lee, Matthew Lee, Samuel Lee, Zong Lee, Edward Leung, Thomas Lewis, Hansen Li, Mimi Li, Wan Jane Liew, Yao Ren Liew, Alexander Light, Lydia Lilis, Diana Lim, Hui Lim, Joseph Lim, Zhi Lim, Siyin Liu, James Lloyd, Andrew Logan, Priya Loganathan, M. Long, Lydia Longstaff, Luisa Lopez Rojas, Richard Lovegrove, Jack Lowe-Zinola, Byron Lu Morrell, Joshua Luck, Andreas Luhmann, Surabhika Lunawat, Jon Lund, Cong Luo, Lorna Luo, Iona Lyell, Panagis Lykoudis, Jonathan Macdonald, Aliya Mackenzie, Conor Magee, Pooja Mahankali-Rao, Kamal Mahawar, Mehreen Mahfooz, Faisal Mahmood, Samir Makwana, Tom Malik, Sohaib Mallick, Jyothis Manalayil, Tinaye Mandishona, Sudhakar Mangam, Maniragav Manimaran, Natarajan Manimaran, Chris Manson, Sufyan Mansoor, Fatima Mansour, Alejandro Marcos Rodrigo, Nicholas Markham, Maria Marks, Paul Marriott, Hannah Marsden, Laura Martin, Tiago Martins, John Mason, Luke Mason, Mariam Masood, Nikhil Math, Ginimol Mathew, Jacob Matthews, Jonathan Mayes, Ursula Mc Gee, Ross Mcallister, Sandra Mcallister, Scott Mccain, Conor Mccann, Emmet Mccann, Cathal McCarthy, Gillian Mccoll, Greg Mcconaghie, Ace Mcdermott, Frank McDermott, Rachel Mcdougall, Mark McDowell, Gordon McFarlane, Richard McGregor, Doug McKechnie, Jillian McKenna, Scott McKinstry, Georgia Mclachlan, E. Mclean, Elizabeth McLennan, Angus McNair, Kenneth Mealy, Lauren Mecia, Alexander Mehta, Aidan Mellan, Arathi Menon, Donald Menzies, Zhubene Mesbah, David Messenger, George Miller, Aseem Mishra, Sona Mistry, Tahira Mohamed, Nisha Mohamed Mushaini, Midhun Mohan, Ameerah Mohd Azmilssss, Ajay Mohite, Krishna Moorthy, Jalal Moradzadeh, Richard Morgan, Gabriella Morley, Alice Mortimer, Hannah Mownah, Paul Moxey, Gagira Mudalige, Umarah Muhammad, Samuel Munday, Ben Murphy, Ciaran Murphy, Caoimhe Murray, Hannah Murray, Michael Murray, Mohammed Ibrar Murtaza, Jameel Mushtaq, Ameer Mustafa, Shams Mustafa, Laura Myers, Sam Myers, Adeeb Naasan, Kiran Nadeem, Hanzla Naeem, Prashant Naik, Arun Nair, Keshav K. Nambiar, Muhammad Naqi, Zehra Naqvi, Yan Ning Neo, Georgia Irene Neophytou, Jonathan Neville, Tom Newman, Benjamin Ng, Guat Ng, Jing Qi Ng, Vincent Ng, Zhan Herr Ng, Maire Ni Bhoirne, James Nicholas, Gary Nicholson, George Ninkovic-Hall, Gemma Nixon, Mike Norwood, Toby Noton, Romman Nourzaie, Richard Novell, Donald Nyanhongo, James O'Brien, Rory O'Kane, Stephen O'Neill, Hugh O'Sullivan, Thomas Oakley, Chinomso Ogbuokiri, Oluwafunto Ogunleye, Su Oh, Emezie Okorocha, James Olivier, Rele Ologunde, Sharif Omara, Alice Ormrod, Caroline Osborne, Joanna Osmanska, Raisah Owasil, Sebastian Owczarek, Ezgi Ozcan, Sri Palaniappan, Francesco Palazzo, Abbas Palkhi, Gargi Pandey, James Park, Jennifer Parker, Anna Parry, James Parsonage, Lauren Passby, Bhavi Patel, Bhavik Patel, Chantal Patel, Dinisha Patel, Kirtan Patel, Panna Patel, Pratiksha Patel, Trupesh Patel, Mariasoosai Pathmarajah, Amogh Patil, Pradeep Patil, Yusuf Patrick, Jessica Pearce, Lyndsay Pearce, Colin Peirce, Bryony Peiris, Amy Pendrill, Sreelata Periketi, Michael Perry, George Petrov, Charlotte Phillips, Grace Pike, Ana Catarina Pinho-Gomes, Parhana Polly, Arachchige Ponweera, Yanish Poolovadoo, Raunak Poonawala, Petya Popova, Dimitri Pournaras, Brooke Powell, Praveena Prabakaran, Esha Prakash, Tapani Pratumsuwan, Anusha Prem Kumar, Helen Puddy, Michael Pullinger, Nikita Punjabi, Oliver Charles Putt, Omar Qadir, Mubasher Qamar, Patrick Quinn, Arham Qureshi, Mohamed Rabie, Angus Radford, Anand Radhakrishnan, Ansh Radotra, Nasir Rafiq, Aria Rahem, Nahim Rahman, Syed Rahman, Ramesh Rajagopal, Nick Rajan, Nikitha Rajaraman, Sumetha Rajendran, Liandra Ramachenderam, Divya Ramakrishnan, Denisha Ramjas, James Rammell, Ritika Rampal, George Ramsay, Ratan Randhawa, Ellis Rea, Stephanie Rees, Saad Rehman, Salwah Rehman, Nabila Rehnnuma, Melina Rejayee, Zakaria Rob, Charlotte Roberts, Grace Roberts, Ben Roberts, Harry Robinson, Stephen Robinson, Ailin Rogers, Alex Rogers, William Rook, Talisa Ross, Chloe Roy, Azelea Rushd, Duncan Rutherford, Michael Saat, Kaushik Sadanand, Rebecca Sagar, Harkiran Sagoo, Arin Saha, Kapil Sahnan, Mohammed Salik Sait, Saif Sait, Damien Salekin, Mostafa Salem, Nadia Salloum, Emma Sanders, Jasmesh Sandhu, N. Sandhu, Lorna Sandison, Laura Sandland-Taylor, Ron Sangal, Chandan Sanghera, Josephine Saramunda, Lauren Satterthwaite, Moritz Schramm, Rupert Scott, Chloe Searle, Harkiran Seehra, Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro, Harpreet Kaur Sekhon Inderjit Singh, Shaikh Sanjid Seraj, Ishani Seth, Rajiv Sethi, Apar Shah, Mario Shaid, Shafaque Shaikh, Awad Shamali, Elizabeth Sharkey, Abhi Sharma, Neil Sharma, Sachin Sharma, Aniruddh Shenoy, Maleasha Shergill, Shahram Shirazi, Imran Siddiqui, Raykal Sim, Lucy Simmonds, Andrew Simon, William Simpson, Bharpoor Singh, J. Singh, Prashant Singh, Anant Sinha, Sidhartha Sinha, Robert Sinnerton, Chaamanti Sivakumar, Brendan Skelly, Richard Slater, Samuel Small, Neil Smart, Yat Wing Smart, Alexander Smith, Charlotte Smith, Jason Smith, Rebecca Smith, Scott Smith, Peter Sodde, Zhi Min Soh, Aniket Sonsale, Ahmed Soualhi, John Spearman, Robert Spencer, Harry Spiers, Philip Stather, Michael Stoddart, Bradley Storey, Howard Stringer, Thomas Stringfellow, Ben Stubbs, Niv Sukir, Nivian Sukirthan, Yasir Suleman, Aparnah Sureshkumar, Ashwin Suri, Timen Swartbol, Hyder Tahir, E. Tian Tan, Huai Ling Tan, Laura Tan, Alethea Tang, Priyal Taribagil, Yao Zong Tay, Beth Taylor, Zara Taylor, Alexandra Thatcher, Rachel Thavayogan, Michael Thomaa, Daniah Thomas, Jenny Thomas, Paul Thomas, Thomas Pinkney, Chris Thompson, Mag Ting, Ethan Toner, Godwin Tong, Jared Torkington, Molly Traish, Miles Triniman, John Trotter, Kwong Tsang, Sanchit Turaga, Hannah Turley, James Turner, Tomas Urbonas, Alexandra Urquhart, Nimai Vadgama, Aashay Vaidya, Gijs van Boxel, Swati Vara, Massimo Varcada, Rebecca Varley, Dee Varma, Martinique Vella-Baldacchino, Sara Venturini, Naina Verma, Saurabh Verma, Gabrielle Vernet, Mark Vipond, Alex von Roon, Qasim Wadood, Kathryn Waite, Lewis Walker, Nathan Walker, Jonathan C.M. Wan, Liyang Wang, Xue Wang, Alex Ward, Thomas Ward, Nienke Warnaar, Lloyd Warren, Oliver Warren, Sam Waters, Angus Watson, Laura Jayne Watson, Dominic Waugh, Daniel Weinberg, Malcolm West, Carla White, Tim White, Katharine Whitehurst, Robert Whitham, Tharindri Wijekoon, Manuk Wijeyaratne, Richard Wilkin, Alex Wilkins, Adam Williams, Gethin Williams, Luke Williams, Robert Williams, Andrew Williamson, Jacinthe Willson, Andrew Wilson, Holly Wilson, James Wilson, Lizzie Wilson, Megan Wilson, Michael Wilson, Rebekah Wilson, Tim Wilson, Evelina Woin, Esther Wright, Jenny Wright, Nicholas Wroe, Joanne Wylie, Yiwang Xu, Satheesh Yalamarthi, Angela Yan, Narisu Yang, Eda Yardimci, Ibrahim Yasin, Ismael Yasin, Noor Yasin, Joseph Yates, Jih Dar Yau, Tricia Yeoh, Joshua Yip, Cissy Yong, Vasudev Zaver, Tatiana Zhelezniakova, and Adreana Zulkifli

Subjects
Medical education, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, business.industry, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, MEDLINE, General Medicine, 030230 surgery, Collaborative research, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Foundation Programme, Medicine, Surgery, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Published
2017

42. VLAT : Development of a Visualization Literacy Assessment Test

Author

Sung-Hee Kim, Bum Chul Kwon, and Sukwon Lee

Subjects
Educational measurement, Visual analytics, Information retrieval, Item analysis, Computer science, business.industry, 05 social sciences, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Data science, Test (assessment), Visualization, Information visualization, Data visualization, Signal Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Content validity, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, business, 050107 human factors, Software, Reliability (statistics)
Abstract

The Information Visualization community has begun to pay attention to visualization literacy; however, researchers still lack instruments for measuring the visualization literacy of users. In order to address this gap, we systematically developed a visualization literacy assessment test (VLAT), especially for non-expert users in data visualization, by following the established procedure of test development in Psychological and Educational Measurement: (1) Test Blueprint Construction, (2) Test Item Generation, (3) Content Validity Evaluation, (4) Test Tryout and Item Analysis, (5) Test Item Selection, and (6) Reliability Evaluation. The VLAT consists of 12 data visualizations and 53 multiple-choice test items that cover eight data visualization tasks. The test items in the VLAT were evaluated with respect to their essentialness by five domain experts in Information Visualization and Visual Analytics (average content validity ratio = 0.66). The VLAT was also tried out on a sample of 191 test takers and showed high reliability (reliability coefficient omega = 0.76). In addition, we demonstrated the relationship between users' visualization literacy and aptitude for learning an unfamiliar visualization and showed that they had a fairly high positive relationship (correlation coefficient = 0.64). Finally, we discuss evidence for the validity of the VLAT and potential research areas that are related to the instrument.

Published
2017

44. A novel CACNA1A mutation associated with episodic ataxia 2 presenting with periodic paralysis

Author

Jin-Sung Park, Yun Jeong Lee, Donghwi Park, Sung-Hee Kim, and Gyun-Jee Song

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Episodic ataxia, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, business.industry, Periodic paralysis, General Medicine, Nystagmus, medicine.disease, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Mutation (genetic algorithm), medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroradiology
Published
2018

45. Lower Glucose Level Associated With Increased Risk for Post-Dural Puncture Headache

Author

Mi-Yeon Eun, Yong-Hyun Lim, Jin-Sung Park, Jaechun Hwang, Kyunghun Kang, Ji-Ye Jeon, Pan-Woo Ko, Ho-Won Lee, and Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Risk, Post-dural-puncture headache, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Registries, Intracranial Hypotension, Adverse effect, Aged, Epidural blood patch, medicine.diagnostic_test, Lumbar puncture, business.industry, Age Factors, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Spinal Puncture, Neurology, Anesthesia, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Post-Dural Puncture Headache, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Blood Patch, Epidural
Abstract

Objective and background Post-dural puncture headache is the most common significant adverse event following lumbar puncture. In this study, we investigated the possible systemic factors associated with risk for post-dural puncture headache (PDPH). Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study in 969 patients who underwent diagnostic lumbar puncture following a standardized protocol. We compared the clinical and laboratory profiles of the post-dural puncture headache group and non-headache group. We also identified independent factors associated with the incidence of post-dural puncture headache. Results A total of 48 patients (5%) reported headache; 12 of these patients (25%) received a therapeutic epidural blood patch and the remaining 36 patients improved with conservative treatment. After adjusting for other variables that could be related to PDPH, we found that the development of post lumbar puncture headache was independently associated with age (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P = .001) and serum glucose levels (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99, P = .008).When the patients were classified by age, serum glucose levels were persistently lower in patients with PDPH vs those patients without PDPH in all age groups, with more clearly significant differences observed in the elderly (age 60 years, 111.8 mg/dL vs 137.3 mg/dL, P = .023). Conclusions Low glucose levels were inversely associated with risk for post-dural puncture headache. Patients with low serum glucose should be carefully monitored for headache after lumbar puncture.

Published
2019

46. Incidence and Radiological Findings of Incidental Sinus Opacifications in Patients Undergoing Septoplasty or Septorhinoplasty

Author

Yong Ju Jang, Jin Seok Oh, and Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Computed tomography, Rhinoplasty, Young Adult, Preoperative Care, medicine, Paranasal Sinus Diseases, Humans, In patient, Sinusitis, Sinus (anatomy), Nasal Septum, Retrospective Studies, Incidental Findings, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Septoplasty, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, Radiological weapon, Female, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Objectives: Although the routine use of computed tomography (CT) is controversial, it is employed in the preoperative screening of patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and radiological characteristics of incidentally found sinus pathologies on screening CT in patients who underwent elective septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent septoplasty and septorhinoplasty performed by a single surgeon (Y.J.J.) at Asan Medical Center between January 2016 and December 2017. CT images of 372 patients who had agreed to undergo preoperative CT were reviewed to determine the location and extent of incidental sinus opacifications. Results: Of the 372 patients, 107 (28.8%) showed incidental sinus lesions on CT images. Opacifications were mainly found in the maxillary sinus (73, 68.2%), followed by the ethmoid (34, 31.8%), sphenoid (10, 9.3%), and frontal (3, 2.8%) sinuses. The most common sinus lesion was retention cyst (55, 51.4%), and the second most common one was opacification and mucosal thickening (46, 43%). Other lesions such as osteoma (3, 2.8%), dental cyst (2, 1.9%), and mucocele (1, 0.9%) were rarely found. Conclusions: In patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty, the incidence of incidental sinus lesions was approximately 28.8% (107/372). This results indicate that preoperative CT in patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty might be helpful to surgeons not only for better understanding the anatomical detail but also for detecting hidden paranasal sinus disease.

Published
2019

47. Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

Author

Bhangu, A, Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection GlobalSurg Collaborative Appendix S1 Collaborators Authors (all the following are PubMed citable): Writing group: James, C Glasbey (UK), Adewale, O Adisa (Nigeria), Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri (Rwanda), Ahmad, U Qureshi (Pakistan), Jean, C Allen-Ingabire (Rwanda), Hosni Khairy Salem (Egypt), Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo (Ghana), Stephen Tabiri (Ghana), Dmitri Nepogodiev (UK), Richard, J Lilford (UK), Ewen, M Harrison (UK), Thomas, D Pinkney (UK), Neil Smart (UK), Aneel Bhangu (UK, denotes joint first author Patient representatives: Azmina Verjee (UK), study guarantor)., Emmy Runigamugabo (Rwanda) Statistical analysis: James Glasbey, Aneel Bhangu Protocol development and project steering: Adesoji, O Ademuyiwa, Adewale, O Adisa, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Afnan, Altamini, Philip, Alexander, Sara, W Al-Saqqa, Giuliano, Borda-Luque, Jen, Cornick, Ainhoa, Costas-Chavarri, Thomas, M Drake, Stuart, J Fergusson, J Edward Fitzgerald, James, Glasbey, Allen Ingabire, J. C., Lawani, Ismaïl, Zahra, Jaffry, Hosni Khairy Salem, Chetan, Khatri, Andrew, Kirby, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Richard, Lilford, Andre, L Mihaljevic, Midhun, Mohan, Dion, Morton, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Dmitri, Nepogodiev, Faustin, Ntirenganya, Riinu, Ots, Francesco, Pata, Thomas, Pinkney, Tomas, Poškus, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Sarah, Rayne, Gustavo, Recinos, Kjetil, Søreide, Catherine, A Shaw, Sebastian, Shu, Richard, Spence, Neil, Smart, Stephen, Tabiri, Ewen, M Harrison, Aneel Bhangu National leads (GlobalSurg-1) Lead coordinator, Australia, Neel Gobin, Brazil, Ana Vega Freitas, Canada, Nigel Hall, China, &amp, Hong Kong, Sung-Hee Kim, Egypt, Ahmed, Negida, Hosni, Khairy, England, Stephen, J Chapman, France, Alexis P Arnaud, Ghana, Stephen Tabiri, Guatemala, Gustavo Recinos, India, Cutting Edge Manipal, Indonesia, Radhian Amandito, Iraq, Marwan Shawki, Ireland, Michael Hanrahan, Italy, Francesco Pata, Lithuania, Justas Zilinskas, Malaysia, April Camilla Roslani, Cheng Chun Goh, Nigeria, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Northern Ireland, Gareth Irwin, Peru, Laura, Luque, Saudi, Arabia, Hunain, Shiwani, Afnan, Altamimi, Mohammed Ubaid Alsaggaf, Scotland, Stuart J Fergusson, South, Africa, Sri Lanka, Jenifa Jeyakumar, Sweden, Yucel Cengiz, Switzerland, Dmitri A Raptis, Wales, James, C Glasbey National leads (GlobalSurg-2) Argentina, Maria Marta Modolo, Australia, Dushyant, Iyer, Sebastian, King, Tom, Arthur, Bangladesh, Sayeda Nazmum Nahar, Barbados, Ade Waterman, Benin, Lawani Ismaïl, Botswana, Michael Walsh, Canada, Arnav, Agarwal, Augusto, Zani, Mohammed, Firdouse, Tyler, Rouse, China, Qinyang Liu, Colombia, Juan Camilo Correa, Egypt, Hosni Khairy Salem, Estonia, Peep Talving, Ethiopia, Mengistu Worku, France, Alexis Arnaud, Greece, Vassilis Kalles, Guatemala, Basant, Kumar, Sunil, Kumar, Ireland, Roy Quek, Italy, Luca, Ansaloni, Jordan, Ahmed Altibi, Lithuania, Donatas, Venskutonis, Justas, Zilinskas, Tomas, Poskus, Madagascar, John Whitaker, Malawi, Vanessa Msosa, Malaysia, Yong Yong Tew, Malta, Alexia, Farrugia, Elaine, Borg, Mexico, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Morocco, Zineb Bentounsi, Norway, Kjetil Søreide, Pakistan, Tanzeela Gala, Palestinian, Territory, Ibrahim, Al-Slaibi, Haya, Tahboub, Alser, Osaid H., Diego, Romani, Sebestian, Shu, Poland, Piotr Major, Romania, Aurel, Mironescu, Matei, Bratu, Amar, Kourdouli, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Aliyu Ndajiwo, Abdulaziz, Altwijri, Ahmad, Gudal, Al Faifi Jubran, Sierra Leone, Sam Seisay, Singapore, Bettina Lieske, Spain, Irene Ortega, Sri, Lanka, Jenifa, Jeyakumar, Senanayake, Kithsiri J., Sudan, Omar Abdulbagi, Switzerland, Dmitri Raptis, Turkey, Yuksel Altinel, United, Kingdom, Chia, Kong, Ella, Teasdale, Gareth, Irwin, Michael, Stoddart, Rakan, Kabariti, Sukrit, Suresh, United, States, Katherine, Gash, Ragavan, Narayanan, Zambia, Mayaba Maimbo Local collaborators (GlobalSurg-1) Argentina: Claudio Fermani, Ruben, Balmaceda, Australia: Ewan Macdermid, Maria Marta Modolo (Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore)., Neel, Gobin, Roxanne, Chenn, Cheryl Ou Yong, Michael Edye (Blacktown Hospital), Martin, Jarmin, Scott, K D'amours, Dushyant Iyer (Liverpool Hospital, The University Of New South Wales), Daniel, Youssef, Nicholas, Phillips, Jason Brown (Royal Brisbane &amp, Women'S, Hospital), Robert, George, Cherry, Koh, Oliver Warren (The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia), Isaac Hanley (The Tweed Hospital), Austria: Clemens Nawara, Marilla Dickfos (Toowoomba Hospital)., Dietmar, Öfner, Florian Primavesi (Department Of Surgery, Bangladesh: Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg)., Khalid Mahmud (Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital), Margub, Hussain, Hafiz, Hakim, Tapan Kumar (Dhaka Medical College Hospital), Benin: Pamphile A Assouto, Antje Oosterkamp (Lamb Hospital)., Ismail, Lawani, Brunei: Aung Kyaw Tun, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou (Centre National Hospitalier Et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga)., Chean Leung Chong (Pmmpmhamb Hospital) Giridhar, H Devadasar, Chean Leung Chong, Muhammad Rashid Minhas Qadir (Ssb Hospital), Kyaw Phyo Aung, Lee Shi Yeo, Brazil: Vanessa Dina Palomino Castillo, Chean Leung Chong (Ripas Hospital)., Monique Moron Munhoz, Gisele Moreira (Conjunto Hospitalar De Sorocaba), Luiz Carlos Barros De Castro Segundo, Salim Anderson Khouri Ferreira, Maíra Cassa Careta (Hospital Da Santa Casa De Misericórdia De Vitória), Stella Binna Kim, Alexandre Venancio De Sousa, Alyne Daltri Lazzarini Cury (Hospital De Caridade Sãƒo De Paula), Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel, Ana Vega Carreiro De Freitas, Barbara Pereira Silvestre (Hospital Estadual Doutor Jayme Dos Santos Neves), Julia Guasti Pinto Vianna, Carolina Oliveira Felipe, Luis Alberto Valente Laufer (Hospital Estadual Doutor Jayme Santos Neves), Fernanda, Altoe, Luana Ayres Da Silva, Marina Luiza Pimenta, Thiago Fernandes Giuriato, Paulo Alves Bezerra Morais, Jessica Souza Luiz (Hospital Estadual Dr Jayme Santos Neves), Rafael, Araujo, Juliana, Menegussi, Marisa, Leal, Caio Vinícius Barroso de Lima, Luiza Sarmento Tatagiba, Antônio Leal (Hospital Infantil Nosa Senhora Da Gloria), Diogo Vinicius dos Santos, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Romeo Lages Simoes (Hospital De Clinicas, Cameroon: Samuel Nigo, University Of Campinas). Cambodia: Simon Stock (World Mate Emergency Hospital)., Juana, Kabba, Tagang Ebogo Ngwa, Canada: Sebastian King, James Brown (Mbingo Baptist Hospital)., Georges, Azzie, Sameer, Kushwaha, Arnav Agarwal (The Hospital For Sick Children), Karen, Bailey, Brian, Cameron, Michael Livingston (McMaster Children's Hospital), Alexandre, Horobjowsky, Dan, L Deckelbaum, Tarek Razek (Centre for Global Surgery, Chile: Boris Marinkovic, McGill University Health Centre)., Eugenio, Grasset, Nicole D'aguzan (Hospital Del Salvador), Julio, Jimenez, China: Zhongtao Zhang, Roberto Macchiavello (Hospital Luis Tisne)., Wei, Guo, Junyeong, Oh, Colombia: Irene Montes, Fei Zheng (Beijing Friendship Hospital)., Sebastian, Sierra, Manuela Mendez (Clinica Ces), Maria Isabel Villegas, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Ivan Mendoza (Clinica Las Vegas), Fred Alexander Naranjo Aristizã¡bal, Jaime Andres Montoya Botero, Victor Manuel Quintero Riaza (Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe), Jakeline, Restrepo, Carlos, Morales, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango (Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundacion), Herman, Cruz, Alejandro, Munera, Croatia: Robert Karlo, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango (Ips Universitaria Clinica Leon Xiii)., Edgar, Domini, Jakov Mihanovic (Zadar General Hospital), Mihael, Radic, Kresimir, Zamarin, Dominican Republic: Manuel Hache-Marliere, Nikica Pezelj (General Hospital Sibenik)., Sylvia Batista Lemaire, Ruben Rivas (Cedimat, - Centro De Diagnostico Medicina Avanzada, Egypt: Ahmed Khyrallh, Laboratorio Y Telemedicina)., Ahamed, Hassan, Gamal, Shimy, Mohamed, A Baky Fahmy (Al-Azher Universty Hospital), Ayman, Nabawi, Mohamed, Elfil, Mohamed, Ghoneem, Muhammad El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad Gohar, Mohamed, Asal, Mostafa, Abdelkader, Mahmoud, Gomah, Hayssam, Rashwan, Mohamed, Karkeet, Ahmed Gomaa (Alexandria Main University Hospital), Amr, Hasan, Ahmed, Elgebaly, Omar, Saleh, Ahmad Abdel Fattah, Abdullah, Gouda, Abd Elrahman Elshafay, Abdalla, Gharib, Ahmed, Menshawy, Mohammed, Hanafy, Abdullah, Al-Mallah, Mahmoud, Abdulgawad, Mohamad, Baheeg, Mohammed, Alhendy, Ibrahim, Abdelfattah, Abdalla, Kenibar, Omar, Osman, Mostafa, Gemeah, Ahmed, Mohammed, Abdalrahman, Adel, Abdelrahman, Mohammed, Abdelrahman, Sayed, Mohamed Abozaid (Al-Hussein Hospital), Ahmed Hafez El-Badri Kotb, Ali Amin Ahmed Ata, Mohammed, Nasr, Abdelrahman, Alkammash, Mohammed, Saeed, Nader Abd El Hamid, Attia Mohamed Attia, Ahmed Abd El Galeel, Eslam, Elbanby, Khalid Salah El-Dien, Usama, Hantour, Omar, Alahmady, Billal, Mansour, Amr Muhammad Elkorashy (Bab El-Shareia Hospital), Emad Mohamed Saeed Taha, Kholod Tarek Lasheen, Salma Said Elkolaly, Nehal Yosri Elsayed Abdel-Wahab, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi Abozyed, Ahmed, Adel, Ahmed Moustafa Saeed, Gehad Samir El Sayed, Jehad Hassan Youssif (Banha University Hospital), Soliman Magdy Ahmed, Nermeen Soubhy El-Shahat, Abd El-Rahman Hegazy Khedr (Belbes Central Hospital), Abdelrhman Osama Elsebaaye, Mohamed, Elzayat, Mohamed, Abdelraheim, Ibrahim, Elzayat, Mahmoud, Warda, Khaled Naser El Deen, Abdelrhman Essam Elnemr, Omar, Salah, Mohamed, Abbas, Mona, Rashad, Ibrahim, Elzayyat, Dalia, Hemeda, Gehad, Tawfik, Mai, Salama, Hazem, Khaled, Mohamed Seisa (El Dawly Hospital, - Mansoura), Kareem, Elshaer, Abdelfatah, Hussein, Mahmoud Elkhadrawi (El Mahalla General Hospital), Ahmed Mohamed Afifi, Osama Saadeldeen Ebrahim, Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally (El, - Mataria Educational Hospital), Rowida, Elmelegy, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary Elsawahly, Hisham, Safa, Eman, Nofal, Mohamed, Elbermawy, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Ghazy, Hisham, Samih, Asmaa, Abdelgelil, Sarah, Abdelghany, Ahmed El Kholy, Metwally, Aboraya, Fatma, Elkady, Mahmoud, Salma, Sarah, Samy, Reem, Fakher, Aya, Aboarab, Ahmed, Samir, Ahmed, Sakr, Abdelrahman, Haroun, Asmaa Abdel-Rahman Al-Aarag, Ahmed, Elkholy, Sally Elshanwany (El-Menshawy Hospital), Esraa Ghanem (Elshohadaa Central Hospital), Ahmed, Tammam, Ali Mohamed Hammad, Yousra El Shoura, Gehad El Ashal, Hosni Khairy (Kasr Alainy School Of Medicine), Sarah, Antar, Sara, Mehrez, Mahmoud, Abdelshafy, Maha Gamal Mohamad Hamad, Mona, Hosh, Emad, Abdallah, Basma, Magdy, Thuraya, Alzayat, Elsayed, Gamaly, Hossam, Elfeki, Amany, Abouzahra, Shereen, Elsheikh, Fatimah, I Elgendy (Mansoura University Hospitals), Fathia Abd El-Salam, Osama, Seifelnasr, Mohamed, Ammar, Athar, Eysa, Aliaa, Sadek, Aliaa Gamal Toeema, Aly, Nasr, Mohamed, Abuseif, Hagar, Zidan, Sara Abd Elmageed Barakat, Nadin, Elsayed, Yasmin Abd Elrasoul, Ahmed, Elkelany, Mohamed Sabry Ammar, Mennat-Allah, Mustafa, Yasmin, Hegazy, Mohamed, Etman, Samar, Saad, Mahmoud, Alrahawy, Ahmed, Raslan, Mahmoud, Morsi, Ahmed, Rslan, Ahmed, Sabry, Hager, Elwakil, Heba, Shaker, Yasmin, Abd-Elrasoul, Ahmed Elkelany (Menoufia University Hospitals), Hussein, El-Kashef, Mohamed, Shaalan, Areej Tarek (Minia University Hospital), Ayman, Elwan, Ahmed Ragab Nayel, Mostafa, Seif, Doaa, Emadeldin, Mohamed Ali Ghonaim, Ahmad, Almallah, Ahmed, Fouad, Eman Adel Sayma (New Damietta University Hospital), Ahmad, Elbatahgy, Angham Solaiman El-Ma'doul, Ahmed, Mosad, Hager, Tolba, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin Elsorogy, Hassan Ali Mostafa, Amira Atef Omar, Ola Sherief Abd El Hameed, Ahmed Lasheen (Quweisna Central Hospital In Quweisna), Yasser Abd El Salam, Ashraf, Morsi, Mohammed Ismail (Ras El Tin General Hospital), Hager Ahmed El-badawy, Mohamed, A Amer, Ahmed Sabry El-Hamouly, Attallah, Noura A., Omnia, Mosalum, Ahmed, Afandy, Ahmed, Mokhtar, Alaa, Abouelnasr, Sara, Ayad, Ramdan, Shaker, Rokia, Sakr, Ramadan, Shaker, Mahmoud, Amreia, Soaad, Elsobky, Mohamed, Mustafa, Ahmed Abo El Magd, Abeer, Marey, Amr Tarek Hafez, Mohamed, F Zalabia (Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia), Mohamed Moamen Mohamed, Amr, Fadel, Emad Ali Ahmed (Sohag University Hospital), Ahmad, Ali, Mohammad Ghassan Alwafai, Abdullah, Dwydar, Sara, Kharsa, Ehab, Mamdouh, Hatem, El-Sheemy, Ibrahim, Alyoussef, Abouelatta Khairy Aly, Ahmad, Aldalaq, Ehab, Alnawam, Dalia Alkhabbaz (Souad Kafafi University Hospital), Mahmoud, Saad, Shady, Hussein, Ahmed Abo Elazayem, Ahmed, Meshref, Marwa, Elashmawy, Mohammed, Mousa, Ahmad, Nashaat, Sara, Ghanem, Zaynab, M Elsayed, Aya, Elwaey, Iman Elkadsh (Suez Canal University Hospitals), Mariam, Darweesh, Ahmed, Mohameden, Mennaallah Hafez (Suez General Hospital), Ahmed, Badr, Assmaa, Badwy, Mohamed Abd El Slam (Talla Central Hospital), Mohamed, Elazoul, Safwat, Al-Nahrawi, Lotfy, Eldamaty, Fathee, Nada, Mohamed, Ameen, Aya, Hagar, Mohamed, Elsehimy, Mohammad, Aboraya, Hossam, Dawoud, Shorouk El Mesery, Abeer El Gendy, Ahmed, Abdelkareem, Ahmed Safwan Marey, Mostafa, Allam, Sherif, Shehata, Khaled, Abozeid, Marwa, Elshobary, Ahmed, Fahiem, Sameh, Sarsik, Amel, Hashish, Mohamed, Zidan, Mohamed, Hashish, Shaimaa, Aql, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz Elhendawy (Tanta University Hospital), Mohamed, Husseini, Esraa, Kasem, Ahmed, Gheith, Yasmin, Elfouly, Ahmed Ragab Soliman, Yasmein, Ibrahim, Nesma, Elfouly, Ahmed, Fawzy, Ahmed, Hassan, Mohammad, Rashid, Abdallah Salah Elsherbiny, Basem, Sieda, Nermin, M Badwi, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Osama, Mohamed, Ethiopia: Mengistu Worku, Mohammad Abdulkhalek Habeeb (Zagazig University Hospitals)., Nichole Starr (Dessie Referral Hospital), Semay, Desta, Sahlu, Wondimu, Nebyou Seyoum Abebe (Minilik Ii Hospital), Efeson, Thomas, Frehun Ayele Asele, Daniel Dabessa (Myungsung Christian Medical Center), Nebiyou Seyoum Abebe, Finland: Panu Mentula, Abebe Bekele Zerihun (Tikur Anbessa Hospital)., Ari, Leppäniemi, France: Aurelien Scalabre, Ville Sallinen (Helsinki University Central Hospital)., Fernanda, Frade, Sabine Irtan (Trousseau Hospital Sorbonnes Universités, Upmc Univ Paris), Vivien, Graffeille, Elodie, Gaignard, Quentin Alimi (Chu De Rennes), Quentin, Alimi, Vivien, Graffieille, Elodie Gaignard (Fr Rennes University), Olivier, Abbo, Sofia, Mouttalib, Ourdia Bouali (Hopital Des Enfants), Erik, Hervieux, Yves, Aigrain, Nathalie Botto (Hopital Necker Enfants Malades), Alice, Faure, Lucile, Fievet, Nicoleta Panait (Hopitâl Nord), Emilie, Eyssartier, Francoise, Schmitt, Guillaume Podevin (Pediatric Surgery Department, University Hospital Of Angers, France), Valentine, Parent, Amandine, Martin, Alexis Pierre Arnaud (Rennes University Hospital), Cecile, Muller, Arnaud, Bonnard, Ghana: Francis Abantanga, Matthieu Peycelon (Robert Debré Children University Hospital)., Kwaku, Boakye-Yiadom, Mohammed Bukari (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital), Frank Owusu (Offinso District Hospital), Joseph, Awuku-Asabre, Lemuel Davies Bray (University For Development Studies, School Of Medicine And Health Sciences, General Surgery Department, Greece: Dimitrios Lytras, Tamale Teaching Hospital)., Kyriakos, Psarianos, Anastasia Bamicha (Achillopoyleio General Hospital Of Volos), Eirini Kefalidi (Attikon General Hospital), Georgios Gemenetzis (Attikon University Hospital), Christos, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Gouvas, Christos Agalianos (Konstantopouleio General Hospital Of Athens), Michail, Kontos, Gregory, Kouraklis, Dimitrios Karousos (Laiko University Hospital), Stylianos, Germanos, Constantinos Marinos (Larissa General Hospital), Christos, Anthoulakis, Nikolaos, Nikoloudis, Guatemala: Gustavo Recinos, Nikolaos Mitroudis (Serres General Hospital)., Sergio, Estupinian, Walter Forno (Hospital De Accidentes Ceibal), José René Arévalo Azmitia (Hospital General De Enfermedades, Cirugia De Emergencia, Instituto Guatemalteco De Seguridad Social), Carla Cecilia Ramã­rez Cabrera (Hospital General De Enfermedades, Servicio De Cirugia Abdominal, Romeo, Guevara, Maria, Aguilera, Napoleon, Mendez, Cesar Augusto Azmitia Mendizabal, Pablo, Ramazzini, Mario Contreras Urquizu (Hospital General San Juan De Dios), Fernando, Tale, Rafael, Soley, Emanuel, Barrios, Emmanuel Barrios (Hospital Juan Jose Arevalo Bermejo), Daniel Estuardo Marroquín Rodríguez, Carlos Iván Pérez Velásquez, Sara María Contreras Mérida (Hospital Regional De Retalhuleu), Francisco, Regalado, Mario, Lopez, Miguel Siguantay (Hospital Roosevelt, Hong Kong: Fong Yee Lam, Guatemala)., Kylie Joan-yi Szeto, Charing Cheuk Ling Szeto, Wing Sum Li, Kieran Ka Kei Li, Man Fung Leung, Tony, Mak, India: SS Prasad, Simon Ng (Prince of Wales Hospital)., Anand, Kirishnan, Nidhi Gyanchandani (KMC Hospital), Bylapudi Seshu Kumar, Muthukumaran Rangarajan (Kovai Medical Centre &amp, Hospital), Sriram, Bhat, Anjana, Sreedharan, Kinnera (Kasturba Medical College), S. V., Yella, Reddy, Caranj, Venugopal, Sunil Kumar (Pes Institute Of Medical Sciences &amp, Research), Abhishek Mittal (Safdarjung Hospital, New, Delhi), Shravan, Nadkarni, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Puneet Malik (Sawai Man Singh Medical College &amp, Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan), Neel, Limaye, Srinivas, Pai, Pratik Jain (Sdm College Of Medical Sciences And Hospital), Monty, Khajanchi, Savni, Satoskar, Rajeev Satoskar (Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College And King Edward Memorial Hospital), Indonesia: Eldaa Prisca Refianti Sutanto, Abid Bin Mahamood (Travancore Medical College Hospital)., Daniel Ardian Soeselo, Chintya Tedjaatmadja (Atmajaya Hospital), Fitriana Nur Rahmawati, Radhian, Amandito, Maria Mayasari (Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Iraq: Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad Al-Hasani, Jakarta)., Hasan Ismael Ibraheem Al-Hameedi, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Israa Abdullah Aziz Al-Azraqi (Alsader Medical City), Lubna, Sabeeh, Rahma, Kamil, Marwan Shawki (Baghdad Medical City), Muwaffaq Mezeil Telfah (Department Of Surgery, College Of Medicine, University Of Mosul, Ireland: Amoudtha Rasendran, Al-Jumhoori Teaching Hospital)., Jacqueline, Sheehan, Robert, Kerley, Caoimhe, Normile, Richard William Gilbert, Jiheon, Song, Mohamed, Dablouk, Linnea, Mauro, Mohammed Osman Dablouk, Michael, Hanrahan, Paul, Kielty, Eleanor Marks (Cork University Hospital), Simon, Gosling, Michelle, Mccarthy, Amoudtha Rasendran (Cork University Hospital &amp, University College Cork), Diya, Mirghani, Syed Altaf Naqvi, Chee Siong Wong (Limerick University Hospital), Siyi, Chung, Reuban, D'Cruz, Ronan Cahill (Mater Misericordiae University Hospital), Simon George Gosling, Amoudtha, Rasendran, Ciara, Fahy, Diana Duarte Cadogan, Anna, Powell, Richard, Gilbert, Caroline, Clifford, Aoife Driscoll (Mercy University Hospital), Stassen, Paul, Chris, Lee, Ross Bowe (Midlands Regional Hospital Mullingar), William, Hutch, Michael Hanrahan (University College Cork), Helen, Mohan, Maeve, O'Neill, Italy: Piergiorgio Danelli, Kenneth Mealy (Wexford General Hospital)., Andrea, Bondurri, Anna Maffioli (Azienda Ospedaliera Luigi Sacco, - Polo Universitario), Mario, Pasini, Giacomo, Pata, Stefano Roncali (Azienda Ospedaliera Spedali Civili Di Brescia, - Chirurgia Generale), Paolo, Silvani, Michele, Carlucci, Roberto Faccincani (Irccs Ospedale San Raffaele), Luigi, Bonavina, Yuri, Macchitella, Chiara Ceriani (University of Milan, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato), Gregorio, Tugnoli, Salomone Di Saverio, Khaled Khattab (Maggiore Hospital), Miguel Angel Paludi, Domenica, Pata, Luigi Maria Cloro (Nicola Giannettasio Hospital), Andrea, Allegri, Federico Coccolini (Papa Giovanni Xxiii Hospital), Ezio, Veronese, Luca, Bortolasi, Alireza Hasheminia (San Bonifacio Hospital), Giacomo, Nastri, Massimiliano Dal Canto, Stefano Cucumazzo (Santa Croce Hospital), Angelo, Benevento, Gaetano Tessera (Sant'Antonio Abate Hospital, Gallarate), Pier Paolo Grandinetti, Alessio, Maniscalco, Giovanni Luca Lamanna (Santi Benvenuto, E Rocco Hospital Asur), Luca, Turati, Giovanni, Sgroi, Emanuele Rausa (Treviglio Hospital), Roberta, Villa, Michela, Monteleone, David Merlini (Unita' Di Chirurgia D'urgenza Azienda Ospedaliera Salvini), Federico, Coccolini, Andrea Allegri (Unit Of General Surgery, I, Papa Giovanni Xxiii Hospital), Veronica, Grassi, Roberto, Cirocchi, Libya: Hamza Waleed, Alban Cacurri (University Of Perugia)., Ahmed, Diab, Lithuania: Mantas Jokubauskas, Fathi Elzowawi (Misurata Central Hospital)., Karolis, Varkalys, Donatas Venskutonis (Kaunas Clinical Hospital), Robertas, Pranevicius, Viktorija Ambrozeviciute (Klaipedas Seaman Hospital), Simona, Juciute, Austė Skardžiukaitė (Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universitetas), Saulius, Bradulskis, Linas, Urbanavicius, Aiste, Austraite, Romualdas, Riauka, Zilvinas Dambrauskas (Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences), Paulius, Karumnas, Zigmantas, Urniezius, Reda Zilinskiene (Republic Hospital Of Kaunas), Anele Rudzenskaite (Republic Hospital Of Panevezys), Ausrine, Usaityte, Margarita, Montrimaite, Nerijus Kaselis (Republic Klaipeda Hospital), Andrius, Strazdas, Kristijonas Jokubonis (Stasys Kudirka Regional Hospital Of Alytus), Kornelija, Maceviciute, Virgilijus, Beisa, Kestutis, Strupas, Erikas Laugzemys (Vilnius University, Center Of Abdominal Surgery), Andrej, Kolosov, Valdemaras, Jotautas, Ignas Rakita (Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics), Saulius, Mikalauskas, Darius, Kazanavicius, Rokas, Rackauskas, Virgilijus Beisa (Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos), Ritauras, Rakauskas, Malawi: Ross Coomber, Egle Preckailaite (Vsi Jonavos Ligonine)., Kenneth, Johnson, Malaysia: Dineshwary Periasammy, Jennifer Nowers (Queen Elizabeth Hospital)., Afizah, Salleh, Andre Das (Hospital Kajang), Reuben Goh Ern Tze, Milaksh Nirumal Kumar, Nik Azim Nik Abdullah (Sarawak General Hospital), Nik Ritza Kosai, Mustafa, Taher, Reynu Rajan (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre), Hoong Yin Chong, Malta: Marija Agius, Cheng Chun Goh (University Malaya Medical Centre)., Maureen, Bezzina, Roberta, Bugeja, Martinique, Vella-Baldacchino, Andrew, Spina, Josephine Psaila (Mater Dei Hospital, Martinique: Helene Francois-Coridon, Malta)., Cecilia, Tolg, Jean-Francois Colombani (Department Of Pediatric Surgery, Mother And Children's Hospital, Mexico: Carmina Diaz-Zorrilla, University Hospital Of Martinique)., Antonio Ramos-De La Medina, Mozambique: Mário Jacobe, Samantha Corro-Diaz Gonzalez (Hospital Español de Veracruz)., Domingos, Mapasse, New Zealand: Ramadan Oumer, Elizabeth Snyder (Hospital Central Maputo)., Mohammed Osman (Whangarei Hospital, Nigeria: Aminu Mohammad, Northland District Health Board)., Lofty-John, Anyanwu, Abdulrahman Sheshe (Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital), Alaba, Adesina, Olubukola, Faturoti, Ogechukwu Taiwo (Babcock University Teaching Hospital), Muhammad Habib Ibrahim, Abdulrasheed, A Nasir, Siyaka Itopa Suleiman (Federal Medical Centre, Birnin, Kebbi), Adewale, Adeniyi, Opeoluwa, Adesanya, Ademola Adebanjo (Federal Medical Centre), Roland, Osuoji, Kazeem, Atobatele, Ayokunle, Ogunyemi, Omolara, Williams, Mobolaji, Oludara, Olabode Oshodi (Lagos State University Teaching Hospital), Adesoji, Ademuyiwa, AbdulRazzaq Oluwagbemiga Lawal, Felix, Alakaloko, Olumide, Elebute, Adedapo, Osinowo, Christopher Bode(Lagos University Teaching Hospital), Abidemi Adesuyi (National Hospital Abuja), Adesoji, Tade, Adeleke, Adekoya, Collins Nwokoro (Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital), Omobolaji, O Ayandipo, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Akinlabi, E Ajao (University College Hospital), Samuel Sani Ali, Babatunde, Odeyemi, Samson Olori (University of Abuja Teaching Hospital), Ademola, Popoola, Ademola, Adeyeye, Lossius (Department Of Gastrointestinal Surgery, James Adeniran (University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital). Norway: William J., Olavs Hospital, St., Trondheim University Hospital), Ingemar Havemann (Soerlandet Hospital Kristiansand), Kenneth, Thorsen, Jon Kristian Narvestad, Kjetil Soreide (Stavanger University Hospital), Trude Beate Wold, Linn Nymo (University Hospital Of North Norway, Oman: Mohammed Elsiddig, Troms)., Pakistan: Kamran Faisal Bhopal, Manzoor Dar (Sohar Hospital)., Zainab, Iftikhar, Muhammad Mohsin Furqan (Bahawal Victoria Hospital), Bakhtiar, Nighat, Masood, Jawaid, Abdul Khalique (Dow University Hospital), Ahsan, Zil-E-Ali, Anam Rashid (Fatima Memorial Hospital), Hasnain Abbas Dharamshi, Tahira, Naqvi, Ahmad Faraz (Karachi Medical And Dental College, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital), Abdul Wahid Anwar, Tahir Muhammad Yaseen, Ghina Shamim Shamsi, Ghina, Shamsi, Tahir, Yaseen, Paraguay: Horacio Paredes Decoud, Wahid Anwer (The Indus Hospital)., Omar, Aguilera, Ismael Isaac Zelada Alvarez, Juan Marcelo Delgado, Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega, Peru: Wendy Leslie Messa Aguilar, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse (Hospital De Clínicas)., Jose Antonio Cabala Chiong, Essalud), Ana Cecilia Manchego Bautista (Carlos Alberto Seguin Escobedo National Hospital., Eduardo, Huaman, Sergio, Zegarra, Rony Camacho (Hospital Necional Guillermo Almenara), Jose María Vergara Celis, Diego Alonso Romani Pozo (Hospital De Emergencias Pediatricas), José, Hamasaki, Edilberto, Temoche, Jaime Herrera-Matta (Hospital De Policia), Carla Pierina García Torres, Luis Miguel Alvarez Barreda, Ronald Renato Barrionuevo Ojeda (Hospital Goyeneche), Octavio Garaycochea (Hospital Ii -1 Minsa Moyobamba), Melanie Castro Mollo, Mitchelle Solange De Fã Tima Linares Delgado, Francisco Fujii (Hospital Maria Auxiliadora), Ana Cecilia Manchego Bautista, Wendy Leslie Messa Aguilar, Jose Antonio Cabala Chiong (Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguin), Susana Yrma Aranzabal Durand, Carlos Alejandro Arroyo Basto, Nelson Manuel Urbina Rojas (Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins-Essalud), Sebastian Bernardo Shu Yip, Ana Lucia Contreras Vergara, Andrea Echevarria Rosas Moran, Giuliano Borda Luque, Manuel Rodriguez Castro, Ramon Alvarado Jaramillo (Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia), George Manrique Sila, Crislee Elizabeth Lopez, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze De Leon, Massiell, Machaca, Ronald Coasaca Huaraya, Andy, Arenas, Crislee, López, Clara Milagros Herrera Puma, Wilfredo, Pino, Christian, Hinojosa, Melanie Zapata Ponze De Leon, Susan, Limache, George Manrrique Sila, Portugal: Renato Melo, Layza-Alejandra Mercado Rodriguez (Hospital Regional Honorio Delgado Espinoza)., Jose, Costa-Maia, Romania: Ionasc Dan, Nuno Muralha (Servico De Cirurgia Geral - Centro Hospitalar Sao Joao - Porto). Reunion: Frederique Sauvat (Chu Reunion)., Mircea, Hogea, Pandi Eduard (Emergency Clinical Hospital Brasov), Razvan-Matei, Bratu, Mircea, Beuran, Ionut-Bogdan, Diaconescu, Bogdan-Valeriu, Martian, Florin-Mihail, Iordache, Mihaela Vartic (Emergency Clinical Hospital Bucharest), Lucian Corneliu Vida, Liviu Iuliu Muntean, Rwanda: Vizir Jean Paul Nsengimana (Chuk), Aurel Sandu Mironescu (Spitalul Clinic De Copii Brasov)., Alice, Niragire, Jean De La Croix Allen Ingabire, San Marino: Nicola Zanini, Eugene Niyirera (University Teaching Hospital Of Kigali)., Elio, Jovine, Alomar, Giovanni Landolfo (San Marino State Hospital). Saudi Arabia: Ibrahim N., Alnuqaydan, Saleh A., Altwigry (Buraydah Central Hospital), Abdulrahman M., Moayad, Othman, Nohad Osman (Imam Abdulrahman Al Faisal Hospital), Enas Alqahtani (King Abdulaziz Hospital Al Ahsa National Guard), Mohammed, Alzahrani, Rifan, Alyami, Emad Aljohani (King Abdulaziz Medical City), Ibrahim, Alhabli, Zaher, Mikwar, Sultan Almuallem (King Abdulaziz Medical City (King Khalid National Guard Hospital, Jeddah), Emad, Aljohani, Mohammed Alzahrani (King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh), Abrar, Nawawi, Mohamad, Bakhaidar, Maghrabi, Ashraf A., Mohammed, Alsaggaf, Murad, Aljiffry, Abdulmalik, Altaf, Ahmad, Khoja, Alaa, Habeebullah, Nouf Akeel (Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi, Arabia), Nashat, Ghandora, Abdullah, Almoflihi, Abdulmalik Huwait (King Fahad General Hospital), Abeer, Al-shammari, Mashael Al-Mousa (King Fahad Hospital), Masood, Alghamdi, Walid, Adham, Bandar, Albeladi, Muayad Ahmed Alfarsi, Atif, Mahdi, Saad Al Awwad (King Fahd Hospital), Thamer, Nouh, Mazen Hassanain (King Khaled University Hospital, King Saud University), Salman, Aldhafeeri, Nawal, Sadig, Osama Algohary (King Khalid General Hospital), Mohannad, Aledrisy, Ahmad Alrifaie (King Khalid National Guard Hospital), Mohammed, Alrowais, Amani Althwainy (Department of Surgery, Alaa, Shabkah, Uthman, Alamoudi, Mawaddah Alrajraji (National Guard Hospital), Basim, Alghamdi, Saud, Aljohani, Abdullah Daqeeq (Rcymc), South Africa: Vicky Jennings, Jubran J Al-Faifi (Security Forces Hospital)., Nyawira, Ngayu, Rachel Moore (Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital), Victor Kong (Edendale Hospital), Hayden, Kretzmann, Katie, Connor, Daniel Nel (Frere Hospital), Colleen, Sampson, Eugenio Panieri (Groote Schuur), Nosisa Sishuba (Helen Joseph Hospital, Department Of Surgery, University Of The Witwatersrand), Myint, Tun, Albert Mohale Mphatsoe, Jo-Anne Carreira (Leratong Hospital), Mark Wagener (Ngwelezana Hospital), Stefan, Botes, Spain: Fernando Fernandez-Bueno (Hospital Central De La Defensa Gomez Ulla), Danelo Du Plessis (Rob Ferreira Hospital)., Jose, Aguilar-Jimenez, Sms), Jose Andres Garcia-Marin (Hospital Morales Meseguer., Lorena Solar García, Luis Joaquín García Florez, Rubén Darío Arias Pacheco (Hospital San Agustín), Janet, Pagnozzi, Jimy Harold Jara Quezada, Jose Luis Rodicio, German, Minguez, Raquel, Rodríguez-Uría, Paul, Ugalde, Camilo, Lopez-Arevalo, Luis, Barneo, Jessica Patricia Gonzales Stuva (Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias), Irene, Ortega-Vazquez, Lorena, Rodriguez, Sri Lanka: Prasad Pitigala Arachchi, Norberto Herrera (Severo Ochoa University Hospital)., Wanigasekara Senanayake Mudiyanselage Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya Arachchige (Department Of General Surgery, Teaching Hospital Kandy), Sivasuriya, Sivaganesh, Dulan Irusha Samaraweera, Sudan: Ahmed Elgaili Khalid Musa, Vimalakanthan Thanusan (National Hospital Of Sri Lanka)., Reem Mohammed Hassan Balila, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad Mohamed (Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital), Hussein, Ali, Hagir Zain Elabdin, Alaa Hassan (Jarash International Specialized Hospital), Sefeldin, Mahdi, Hala, Ahmed, Sahar Abdoun Ishag Idris (Khartoum Teaching Hospital), Makki, Elsayed, Mohammed, Elsayed, Sweden: Magnus Boijsen, Mohamed Mahmoud (Omdurman Teaching Hospital)., Per-Olof Lundgren (Capio St Goran Hospital), Ulf, Gustafsson, Ali Kiasat (Danderyds Hospital), Fredrik, Wogensen, Emma, Jurdell, Anders Thorell (Department Of Surgery, Ersta, Hospital, Stockholm), Hildur, Thorarinsdottir, Maria Utter (Helsingborgs Lasarett), Sami Martin Sundstrom (Hudiksvall Sjukhus), Cecilia, Wredberg, Ann Kjellin (Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset), Johanna, Nyberg, Bjorn Frisk (Skaraborg Hospital Skovde), Malin, Sund, Linda, Andersson, Ulf Gunnarsson (Department Of Surgical And Perioperative Sciences, Umea University and Umea University Hospital), Yücel, Cengiz, Sandra, Ahlqvist, Ida Björklund (Sundsvall Hostpital) Hanna Royson, Per Weber (Vaexjoe Central Hospital), Hans-Ivar, Pahlsson, Eva Borin (Visby Hospital, Department Of Surgery), Maria Hjertberg (Vrinnevi Hospital), Hanna, Royson, Switzerland: Roger Schmid, Per Weber (Vaxjo Central Hospital)., Debora, Schivo, Vasileios Despotidis (Bürgerspital Solothurn), Stefan, Breitenstein, Ralph, F Staerkle, Erik Schadde (Kantonsspital Winterthur), Fabian, Deichsel, Alexandra, Gerosa, Antonio Nocito (Kantonsspital Baden), Dimitri Aristotle Raptis, Barbara, Mijuskovic, Markus, Zuber, Lukas Eisner (Kantonsspital Olten), Swantje, Kruspi, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Christin Schoewe (Kreisspital Fuer Das Freiamt Muri Ag), Allan, Novak, Palma, Adrian F., Gerfried Teufelberger (Kreisspital Muri, Tanzania: Msafiri Kimaro, Department Of Surgery)., Rachel King (Mbalizi Christian Designated Hospital) Turkey: Ali Zeynel Abidin Balkan, Mehmet, Gumar, Mehmet Ali Yavuz (Harran University Research And Treatment Hospital), Ufuk, Karabacak, Gokhan, Lap, Bahar Busra Ozkan (Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical, Faculty), Bahar Busra Ozkan, United Kingdom: Ryan Adams, Murat Karakahya (Ordu University Training And Research Hospital)., Robert, Morton, Liam, Henderson, Ruth, Gratton, Keiran David Clement, Kate Yu-Ching Chang, David, Mcnish, Ryan, Mcintosh, William Milligan (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Brendan, Skelly, Hannah, Anderson-Knight, Roger Lawther (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Jemina, Onimowo, Veereanna, Shatkar, Shivanee Tharmalingam (Barking, Havering And Redbridge University Hospitals Trust (Queens Hospital, Romford), Evelina, Woin, Tessa, Fautz, Oliver Ziff (Barnet General Hospital), Shiva, Dindyal, Sam, Arman, Shagorika, Talukder, Vijay, Gadhvi, Shagorika Talukder (Basildon And Thurrock University Foundation Trust), Luen Shaun Chew, Jonathan Heath (Blackpool Victoria Teaching Hospitals), Natalie, Blencowe, Sally, Hallam, Katherine Gash (Bristol Royal Infirmary), Gurdeep Singh Mannu, Dimitris-Christos, Zachariades, Ailsa Claire Snaith (Buckinghamshire NHS Trust), Thusitha Sampath Hettiarachchi, Arjun, Nesaratnam, James Wheeler (Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Darragh, Mccullagh, Joshua Michael Clements, Ata Khan (Causeway Hospital), Foteini, Koumpa, Christina, Neophytou, Jessica, Roth, Wai Cheong Soon, Mohammed, Deputy, Ahmed, Ahmed, Annelisse, Ashton, Joe, Vincent, Jack, Almy, Taufiq, Khan, John Lee, Y Allen, Charlotte Jane Mcintyre, Dominic Charles Marshall (Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust), Mark, Sykes, Nebil, Behar, Harriet Jordan (Chelsea And Westminster Hospital), Yaseen, Rajjoub, Thomas Sherman (Cheltenham General Hospital), Timothy, White, Anna, Watts, Rohan Ardley (Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Tan, Arulampalam, Apar, Shah, Damien Brown (Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust), Emma, Blower, Paul, Sutton, Konstantinos, Gasteratos, Dale Vimalachandran (Countess Of Chester Hospital), Cathy, Magee, Andrew Mcguigan (Craigavon Area Hospital), Stephen, Mcaleer, Clare Morgan (Daisy Hill Hospital), Sarah Braungart (Department Of Paediatric Surgery, Leeds General Infirmary), Kirsten, Lafferty, Peter, Labib, Andrei, Tanase, Clodagh, Mangan, Lillian, Reza, Clodagh Mangan (Derriford Hospital), Helen, Woodward, Craig, Gouldthorpe, Megan Turner (Diana Princess Of Wales Hospital), Jonathan R, L Wild, Tom AM Malik, Victoria, K Proctor (Doncaster Royal Infirmary NHS Foundation Trust), Kalon, Hewage, James Davies (Dorset County Hospital), Andre, Dubois, Sayed, Sarwary, Ali, Zardab, Alan, Grant, Robert Mcintyre (Dr Grays Hospital), Yogendra Praveen Mogan, Weiguang, Ho, Bryon Frankie Hon Khi Chong (Dumfries And Galloway Royal Infirmary), Shirish, Tewari, Gemma, Humm, Eriberto Farinella (East And North Hertfordshire NHS Trust Lister Hospital) Nigel, J Hall, Naomi, J Wright, Christina, P Major (Evelina Children's Hospital), Thelma, Xerri, Phoebe De Bono, Jasim, Amin, Mustafa, Farhad, Camilleri-Brennan, John F., Andrew G, N Robertson, Joanna, Swann, James, Richards, Aijaz, Jabbar, Myranda, Attard, Hannah, Burns, Euan, Macdonald, Matthew, Baldacchino, Jennifer, Skehan, Julian Camilleri-Brennan (Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Tom Falconer Hall, Madelaine, Gimzewska, Greta Mclachlan (Frimley Park Hospital), Jamie, Shah, James Giles (George Elliot Hospital), Selina, Chiu, Beatrix, Weber, Selina Man Yeng Chiu, Saskia Highcock (Gilbert Bain Hospital), Maleeha, Hassan, William, Beasley, Apostolos, Vlachogiorgos, Stephen, Dias, Geta, Maharaj, Rosie Mcdonald (Glangwili General Hospital), Alisdair, Macdonald, Paul, Witherspoon, Alan Baird (Glasgow Southern General Hospital), Panchali, Sarmah, Nikki, Green, Haney Youssef (Good Hope Hospital), Kate, Cross, Clare, M Rees, Bernard Van Duren (Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust), Emma Upchurch (Great Western Hospital), Khurram, Khan, Haytham, Abudeeb, Ahmed Hammad (Hairmyres Hospital, Nhs, Lanarkshire), Sharad, Karandikar, Doug, Bowley, Ahmed Karim (Heart Of England Foundation Trust), Witold, Chachulski, Liam, Richardson, Giles, Dawnay, Ben, Thompson, Ajayesh, Mistry, Aneel, Bhangu, Millika, Ghetia, Sudipta, Roy, Ossama, Al-Obaedi, Kaustuv Das (Hereford County Hospital), Ash, Prabhudesai, Cocker, Dm, Jessica Juliana Tan (Hillingdon Hospital), Robert, Tyler, Filippo Di Franco, Shruti Ayyar (Hinchingbrooke Hospital), Sayinthen, Vivekanantham, Shyam Gokani (Imperial College London), Michael, Gillespie, Katrin Gudlaugsdottir (Inverclyde Royal Hospital), Theodore, Pezas, Chelise, Currow, Matthew Young-Han Kim (Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust), Amerdip, Birring, Joanne, Edwards, Ased, Ali, Suparna, Das, Madan, Jha, Kieran Atkinson (James Cook University Hospital), Joshua, Luck, Thomas, Fozard, Michael Puttick (John Radcliffe Hospital), Yahya, Salama, Rohi, Shah, Ahmad Aboelkassem Ibrahem, Hamdi, Ebdewi, Gianpiero, Gravante, Saleem El-Rabaa (Kettering General Hospital), Henry, Nnajiuba, Rebecca, Allott, Aman Bhargava (King George Hospital), Zoe, Chan, Zaffar Hassan (Kings College Hospital), Misty, Makinde, David, Hemingway, Ramzana, Dean, Alexander, Boddy, Ahmed, Aber, Vijay Patel (Leicester Royal Infirmary), Jehangirshaw Parakh (Leighton Hospital, - Mid Cheshire NHS Foundation Trust), Sunil Parthiban (Lister Hospital), Harmony Kaur Ubhi, Simon-Peter Hosein (Luton And Dunstable Hospital), Simon, Ward, Kamran Malik (Macclesfield District General Hospital), Leifa, Jennings, Tom, Newton, Mirna, Alkhouri, Min Kyu Kang, Christopher, Houlden, Jonathan Barry (Morriston Hospital), Imtanan, Raza, Alistair, Farquharson, Sanjeet Bhattacharya (NHS Ayrshire), William, Milligan, Kate, Chang, Liam Henderson (NHS Grampian), Michael S, J Wilson, Yan Ning Neo, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Emily, Chan, Fraser, S Peck, Pei, J Lim, Alexander, S North, Rebecca, Blundell, Adam Williamson (Ninewells Hospital, NHS), Dina, Fouad, Ashish Minocha (Norfolk And Norwich University Hospital), Kathryn, Mccarthy, Emma, Court, Alice Chambers (North Bristol NHS Trust), Jenna, Yee, Ji Chung Tham, Ceri Beaton (North Devon District Hospital), Una, Walsh, Joseph, Lockey, Salman, Bokhari, Lara, Howells, Megan, Griffiths, Laura Yallop (Northwick Park Hospital), Shailinder, Singh, Omar, Nasher, Paul Jackson (Nottingham Children's Hospital At Queens Medical Centre Campus), Michael, Puttick, Thomas Fozard (Oxford University Hospitals), Abdul Muiz Shariffuddin, Weng Chee Ho, Michael Sj Wilson, Gurpreet Pabla (Perth Royal Infirmary), Saed, Ramzi, Shady, Zeidan, Jennifer Doughty (Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust), Sidhartha, Sinha, Ross, Davenport, Jason Lewis (Princess Alexandra Hospital), Leo, Duffy, Elizabeth, Mcaleer, Eleanor Williams (Princess Of Wales Hospital), Robin, Som, Omar Javed (Queen Elizabeth Hospital Woolwich), Matthew, Boal, Nicola, Harrison, Habib, Tafazal, Omar, Javed, Tom, Brogden, Ewen Griffiths (Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham) Rhalumi Daniel Obute, Thomas, E Glover, David, J Clark (Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn), Mohamed, Boshnaq, Mansoor, Akhtar, Pascale, Capleton, Samer, Doughan, Mohamed, Rabie, Ismail Mohamed (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Hospital), Duncan, Samuel, Lauren, Dickson, Matthew, Kennedy, Eleanor, Dempster, Emma, Brown, Natalie, Maple, Eimear, Monaghan, Bernhard, Wolf, Alicia Garland (Raigmore Hospital), Arthur, Mcphee, David, Anderson, Robert Anderson (Royal Alexandria Hospital), Sarah, Hassan, Dave Smith (Royal Bolton Hospital), Jonathan, Lund, Catherine, Boereboom, Jennifer, Murphy, Gillian, Tierney, Samson Tou (Royal Derby Hospital), Eleanor Franziska Zimmermann, Neil James Smart, Andrea Marie Warwick (Royal Devon And Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust), Theodora, Stasinou, Ian, Daniels, Kim Findlay-Cooper (Royal Devon &amp, Exeter NHS Foundation Trust), Stefan, Mitrasinovic, Swayamjyoti, Ray, Massimo, Varcada, Rovan, D'Souza, Sharif Omara (Royal Free Hospital), Matthew, Spurr, Lucienne, Parkinson, Anthony Hanks (Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Jennifer, Ma, Emily, Abington, Meera, Ramcharn, Gethin Williams (Royal Gwent Hospital), Joseph, Winstanley, Kennedy, Ewan D., Emily NW Yeung (Royal Hospital For Sick Children), Catrin, Jones, Stephen, O'Neill, Shujing Jane Lim, Ignatius, Liew, Hari, Nair, Cameron, Fairfield, Julia, Oh, Samantha, Koh, Andrew, Wilson, Catherine Fairfield (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh), Delran, Anandkumar, Ashok, Kirupagaran, Timothy, F Jones, Hew Dt Torrance, Alexander, J Fowler, Charmilie, Chandrakumar, Priyank, Patel, Syed Faaz Ashraf, Lakhani, Sonam M., Aaron Lawson Mclean, Sonia Basson (Royal London Hospital), Jeremy, Batt, Catriona, Bowman, Natasha Benons (Royal United Hospital Bath), Clare, Mason, Rebecca, Harrison, John Quayle (Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust), Tom, Barker, Virginia, Summerour, Edward Harper (Sandwell And West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust), Caroline, Smith, Matthew Hampton (Sheffield Children's Hospital), Sophie, K Pitt, Alex, E Ward, Timothy, O’Connor, Emily, G Heywood, Thomas, M Drake (Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Abeed, Chowdhury, Sina, Hossaini, Nicholas Fs Watson (Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Doug, Mckechnie, Ayaan, Farah, Anita Chun (Southend University Hospital), Hoey, Koh, Grace, Lim, Graham Sunderland (Southern General Hospital), Laura, Gould, Alice Chambers (Southmead Hospital), C Munipalle, P, Rooney, H, D R, L Browning (Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust), Bernadette, Pereira, Kristof Nemeth (St Georges Healthcare NHS Trust), Emily, Decker, Stefano, Giuliani, George's Healthcare NHS Trust And University), Aly Shalaby (St., Shafaque, Shaikh, Chern Yan Tan, James's University Hospital), Ebrahim Y A Palkhi (St., Aleksandra, Szczap, Swathikan, Chidambaram, Chee Yang Chen, Kavian, Kulasabanathan, Srishti Chhabra (St Mary's Hospital), Elisabeth, Kostov, Philippe, Harbord, Mary's Hospital), James Barnacle (St., Madan Mohan Palliyil, Mina, Zikry, Johnathan, Porter, Charef, Raslan, Shazia, Hafiz, Niksa, Soltani, Katie Baillie (Stockport NHS Foundation Trust), Priyanka, Singh, Shailee, Sheth, Kishen, Patel, Mahry, Khalili, Jeesoo, Choi, Matthew Benger (St Thomas' Hospital), Lucy, Marples, Alastair, Macfarlane, Thomas Hospital), Ramesh Thurairaja (St., Tamsin, Boyce, Harriet, Whewell, Elin Jones (The Royal Gwent Hospital), Francesca, Th'Ng, Nichola Robertson (The Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh), Ahmad, Mirza, Haroon, Saeed, Simon Galloway (The University Hospital Of South Manchester), Gia, Elena, Mohammad, Afzal, Mohamed Zakir (United Lincolnshire Hospitals, - Pilgrim Hospital), Peter, Sodde, Charles, Hand, Aiesha, Sriram, Tamsyn, Clark, Patrick, Holton, Amy Livesey (University Hospital Coventry And Warwickshire), Yashashwi, Sinha, Fahad Mujtaba Iqbal, Indervir Singh Bharj (University Hospital Of North Midlands), Adriana, Rotundo, Cara, Jenvey, Robert Slade (University Hospital Of North Staffordshire NHS Trust), David, Golding, Samuel, Haines, Ali Adel Ne'ma Abdullah, Thomas, W Tilston, Dafydd, Loughran, Danielle, Donoghue, Lorenzo, Giacci, Mohamed Ashur Sherif, Peter, Harrison, Alethea Tang (University Hospital Of Wales), Deevia Kotecha (University Hospitals Leicester, - Leicester Royal Infirmary), Mohamed, Elshaer, Tomas, Urbonas, Amjid, Riaz, Annie, Chapman, Parisha, Acharya, Joseph Shalhoub (Watford General Hospital), Cathleen, Grossart, David McMorran (Western General Hospital), Makhosini, Mlotshwa, William, Hawkins, Sofronis Loizides (Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust), Kandaswamy, Krishna, Melanie, Orchard, Chik Wai Ho (Weston General Hospital), Peter, Thomson, Shahab, Khan, Fiona, Taylor, Jalak, Shukla, Emma Elizabeth Howie (Whipps Cross University Hospital), Linda, Macdonald, Olusegun, Komolafe, Neil Mcintyre (Wishaw General Hospital), James, Cragg, Jody, Parker, Duncan Stewart (Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Luke, Lintin, Julia, Tracy, United States: George Molina, Tahir Farooq (Yeovil District Hospital)., Haytham, Kaafarani, Laura Luque (Massachusetts General Hospital), Robel, Beyene, Jack, Sava, Mark Scott (Medstar Washington Hospital Center), Mamta, Swaroop, Raelene Kennedy (Northwestern Memorial Hospital), Ijeoma, A Azodo, Daithi, Heffernan, Tristen, Chun, Andrew Stephen (The Rhode Island Hospital), Melanie, Sion, Weinstein, Michael S., Viren Punja (Thomas Jefferson University Hospital), Nikolay, Bugaev, Monica, Goodstein, Shadi Razmdjou (Tufts Medical Center), Eric, Etchill, Juan Carlos Puyana, Matthew Kesinger (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, - Presbyterian Hospital), Lena, Napolitano, Kathleen, To, Zambia: Oliver Todd, Mark Hemmila (University Of Michigan)., Edward, Jenner, Local collaborators (GlobalSurg-2) Albania: Besmir Grizhja, Ellen Hoogakker (St Francis Hospital)., Shpetim, Ymeri, Gezim Galiqi (Spitali Rajonal Shkoder), Argentina: Roberto Klappenbach, Diego, Antezana, Alvaro Enrique Mendoza Beleño, Cecilia, Costa, Belen, Sanchez, Susan Aviles (Hospital Zonal General De Agudos Simplemente Evita), Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Rubén, Balmaceda, Santiago, Villalobos, Lagomaggiore, Juan Manuel Carmona (Hospital Luis C., Mendoza), Australia: Daniel Hamill, Peter, Deutschmann, Simone, Sandler, Daniel Cox (Alice Springs Hospital), Ram, Nataraja, Claire, Sharpin, Damir Ljuhar (Monash Medical Center), Demi Gray, Morgan Haines (Port Macquarie Base Hospital), Dush, Iyer, Nithya, Niranjan, Scott D'Amours (Liverpool Hospital), Morvarid, Ashtari, Bangladesh: Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Helena Franco (Gold Coast University Hospital)., Sabbir Karim (Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital), Nowrin F. Aman, Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee (Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College &amp, Umme, Salma, Joyeta, Razzaque, Tasnia Hamid Kanta (Dhaka Medical College And Hospital), Sayeeda Aktar Tori, Shadid, Alamin, Swapnil, Roy, Shadid Al Amin, Rezaul Karim (Armed Forces Medical College), Muhtarima, Haque, Amreen, Faruq, Farhana Iftekhar (Birdem Bangladesh Institute Of Research And Rehabilitation In Diabetes Endocrine And Metabolic Disorder General Hospital), Barbados: Margaret O'Shea, Greg, Padmore, Belarus: Andrey Litvin, Ramesh Jonnalagadda (Queen Elizabeth Hospital)., Aliaksandr, Filatau, Dzmitry, Paulouski, Maryna, Shubianok, Tatsiana Shachykava (Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital), Dzianis, Khokha, Vladimir Khokha (City Hospital) Benin: Fernande Djivoh, Francis Dossou (Centre National Hospitalier Et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga), Djifid Morel Seto, Dansou Gaspard Gbessi, Bruno, Noukpozounkou, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou (Centre National Hospitalier Et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga), Kpèmahouton René Keke, Fred Hodonou (Clinique Vignon), Ernest Yemalin Stephane Ahounou, Thierry Alihonou (Hopital El Fateh), Max, Dénakpo, Burundi: Carlos Nsengiyumva, Germain Ahlonsou (Hospital Saint Luc). Botswana: Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada (Princess Marina Hospital)., Sandrine, Kwizera, Cambodia: Philip Choi, Venerand Barendegere (Hopital Militaire De Kamenge)., Simon Stock (World Mate Emergency Hospital) Canada: Luai Jamal, China: Tzu-Ling Chen, Arnav Agarwal (The Hospital For Sick Children)., Colombia: Irene Montes, Chingwan Yip (Fudan University Affiliated Huashan Hospital)., Felipe, Zapata, Sebastian Sierra (Clinica CES), Maria Isabel Villegas Lanau, Ivan Mendoza Restrepo (Clinica Las Vegas), Ruben Santiago Restrepo Giraldo, Croatia: Edgar Domini, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango (Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación)., Robert, Karlo, Egypt: Mohamed Youssef, Jakov Mihanovic (Zadar General Hospital)., Waleed, Thabet, Aly, Sanad, Ahmed, Zaki, Noran, Abdel-Hameed, Mohamed, Mostafa, Muhammad Fathi Waleed Omar, Ahmed, Ghanem, Adel, Denewar, Eman, Emara, Eman, Rashad, Ahmad, Sakr, Rehab, Elashry, Sameh Emile (Mansoura University Hospital), Toqa, Khafagy, Sara, Elhamouly, Arwa, Elfarargy, Amna Mamdouh Mohamed, Ghada Saied Nagy, Abeer, Esam, Eman, Elwy, Aya, Hammad, Salwa, Khallaf, Eman, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Saidbadr, Ahmed, Moustafa, Amany Eldosouky Mohammed, Mohammed, Elgheriany, Eman, Abdelmageed, Eman Abd Al Raouf, Esraa Samir Elbanby, Maha, Elmasry, Mahitab Morsy Farahat, Eman Yahya Mansor, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Esraa, Gamal, Heba, Gamal, Hend, Kandil, Doaa Maher Abdelrouf, Mohamed Moaty (Menofiya University Hospital), Dina, Gamal, Nada, El-Sagheer, Mohamed, Salah, Salma, Magdy, Asmaa, Salah, Ahmed, Essam, Ahmed, Ali, Mahmoud, Badawy, Sara Ahmed (Beni Suef University Hospital), Mazed, Mohamed, Abdelrahman, Assal, Mohamed, Sleem, Mai, Ebidy, Aly Abd Elrazek, Diaaaldin, Zahran, Nourhan, Adam, Mohamed, Nazir, Adel, B Hassanein, Ahmed, Ismail, Amira, Elsawy, Rana, Mamdouh, Mohamed, Mabrouk, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed, Mohamed Hassab Alnaby, Eman, Magdy, Manar, Abd-Elmawla, Marwan, Fahim, Bassant, Mowafy, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Meran, Allam, Muhammad, Alkelani, Noran Halim El Gendy, Mariam Saad Aboul-Naga, Reham Alaa El-Din, Alyaa Halim Elgendy, Mohamed, Ismail, Mahmoud, Shalaby, Aya Adel Elsharkawy, Mahmoud Elsayed Moghazy, Khaled Hesham Elbisomy, Hend Adel Gawad Shakshouk, Mohamed Fouad Hamed, Mai Mohamed Ebidy, Mohamed Karkeet (Alexandria Main UniversIty Hospital), Hayam, Ahmed, Israa, Adel, Mohammad Elsayed Omar, Mohamed, Ibrahim, Omar, Ghoneim, Omar, Hesham, Shimaa, Gamal, Karim, Hilal, Omar, Arafa, Sawsan Adel Awad, Menatalla, Salem, Fawzia Abdellatif Elsherif, Nourhan, Elsabbagh, Aboelsoud, Moustafa R., Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad Rida, Amr, Hossameldin, Ethar, Hany, Yomna Hosny Asar, Nourhan, Anwar, Mohamed, Gadelkarim, Samar, Abdelhady, Eman Mohamed Morshedy, Reham, Saad, Nourhan, Soliman, Mahmoud Salama (Alexandria Medical Research Institute), Eslam, Ezzat, Arwa, Mohamed, Arwa, Ibrahim, Alaa, Fergany, Sara, Mohammed, Aya, Reda, Yomna, Allam, Hanan Adel Saad, Afnan, Abdelfatah, Aya Mohamed Fathy, Ahmed, El-Sehily, Esraa Abdalmageed Kasem, Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset Hassan, Ahmed Rabeih Mohammed, Abdalla Gamal Saad, Arij, Ibrahim, Amr, Hassaan, Mohammed Mustafa Mohammed, Ghada, Elhoseny, Mohamed, Magdy, Esraa Abd Elkhalek, Yehia, Zakaria, Tarek, Ezzat, Ali Abo El Dahab, Mohamed, Kelany, Sara, Arafa, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Hassan, Nermin Mohamed Badwi, Ahmad Saber Sleem, Hussien, Ahmed, Kholoud, Abdelbadeai, Mohamed Abozed Abdullah (Faculty Of Medicine, Zagazig, University), Muhammad Amsyar Auni Lokman, Suraya, Bahar, Anan Rady Abdelazeam, Abdelrahman, Adelshone, Muhammad Bin Hasnan, Athirah, Zulkifli, Siti Nur Alia Kamarulzamil, Abdelaziz, Elhendawy, Aliang, Latif, Ahmad Bin Adnan, Shahadatul, Shaharuddin, Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul Majid, Dina, Al-Marakby, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Ismail, Elissa Rifhan Mohd Basir, Citra Dewi Mohd Ali, Aya Yehia Ata (Faculty Of Medicine, Tanta, University), Maha, Nasr, Asmaa, Rezq, Ahmed, Sheta, Sherif, Tariq, Abd Elkhalek Sallam, Abdelrhman KZ Darwish, Sohaila, Elmihy, Shady, Elhadry, Ahmed, Farag, Haidar, Hajeh, Abdelaziz, Abdelaal, Amro, Aglan, Ahmed, Zohair, Mahitab, Essam, Omar, Moussa, Esraa, El-Gizawy, Mostafa, Samy, Safia, Ali, Esraa, Elhalawany, Ahmed, Ata, Mohamed El Halawany, Mohamed, Nashat, Samar, Soliman, Alaa, Elazab, Mostada Samy (El-Menshawy General Hospital), Mohamed, A Abdelaziz, Khaled, Ibrahim, Ahmed mohamed Ibrahim, Ammar, Gado, Usama Hantour (Al-Hussein Hospital), Esraa Alm Eldeen, Mohamed Reda loaloa, Arwa, Abouzaid, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Eldin, Eman, Hashad, Fathy, Sroor, Doaa, Gamil, Eman Mahmoud Abdulhakeem, Mahmoud, Zakaria, Fawzy, Mohamed, Marwan, Abubakr, Elsayed, Ali, Hesham, Magdy, Menna Tallah Ramadan, Mohamed Abdelaty Mohamed, Salma, Mansour, Hager Abdul Aziz Amin, Ahmed Rabie Mohamed, Mahmoud, Saami, Nada Ahmed Reda Elsayed, Adham, Tarek, Sabry Mohy Eldeen Mahmoud, Islam Magdy El Sayed, Amira, Reda, Martina Yusuf Shawky, Mohammed Mousa Salem, Shahinaz Alaa El-Din, Noha Abdullah Soliman, Muhammed, Talaat, Shahinaz, Alaael-Dein, Ahmed Abd Elmoen Elhusseiny, Noha, Abdullah, Mohammed, Elshaar, Aya AbdelFatah Ibraheem, Hager, Abdulaziz, Mohammed Kamal Ismail, Mona Hamdy Madkor, Mohamed, Abdelaty, Sara Mahmoud Abdel-Kader, Osama Mohamed Salah (Benha Faculty Of Medicine), Mahmoud, Eldafrawy, Ahmed Zaki Eldeeb, Mostafa Mahmoud Eid (October, 6 University Hospital), Attia, Attia, Ayman Shwky (Bab El-Shareia University Hospital), Mohamed Adel Badenjki, Abdelrahman, Soliman, Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar (The Memorial Soaad Kafafi University Hospital), Farrag, Sayed, Fahd Abdel Sabour, Azizeldine, Mohammed G., Muhammad, Shawqi, Abdullah, Hashim, Ahmed, Aamer, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelraouf, Mahmoud, Abdelshakour, Amal, Ibrahim, Basma, Mahmoud, Mohamed Ali Mahmoud, Mostafa, Qenawy, Rashed, Ahmed M., Ahmed, Dahy, Marwa, Sayed, Shamsedine, Ahmed W., Bakeer, Mohamed, Ahmad, Hasan, Saad, Mahmoud M., Khalil Abdul Bassit (Assiut University Hospital), Nadia Khalid Abd El-Latif, Nada, Elzahed, Ahmed El Kashash, Nada Mohamed Bekhet, Sarah, Hafez, Ahmed, Gad, Mahmoud Elkhadragy Maher, Ahmed Abd Elsameea, Mohamed, Hafez, Ahmad, Sabe, Ataa, Ahmed, Ahmed, Shahine, Khaled, Dawood, Shireen, Gaafar, Reem, Husseiny, Omnia, Aboelmagd, Ahmed, Soliman, Nourhan, Mesbah, Hossam, Emadeldin, Amgad Al Meligy, Amira Hassan Bekhet, Doaa, Hasan, Khaled, Alhady, Ahmad Khaled Sabe, Elnajjar, Mahmoud A., Majed, Aboelella, Ward, Hamsho, Ihab, Hassan, Hala, Saad, Galaleldin, Abdelazim, Hend, Mahmoud, Noha, Wael, Ahmedali, M Kandil, Ahmed, Magdy, Shimaa Said Elkholy, Badr Eldin Adel, Kareem, Dabbour, Saged, Elsherbiney, Omar, Mattar, Abdulshafi Khaled Abdrabou, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Aly, Abdelrahman, Geuoshy, Ahmedglal, Elnagar, Saraibrahim, Ahmed, Ibrahem, Abdelmotaleb, Amr Ahmed Saleh, Manar, Saeed, Shady, Mahmoud, Badreldin Adel Tawfik, Samar Adel Ismail, Esraay, Zakaria, Gad‏, Mariam O., Mohamed Salah Elhelbawy, Monica, Bassem, Noha, Maraie, Nourhan Medhat Elhadary, Nourhan, Semeda, Shaza Rabie Mohamed, Hesham Mohammed Bakry, AA Essam (Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty Of Medicine, Cairo, University), Dina, Tarek, Khlood, Ashour, Alaa, Elhadad, Abdulrahman, Abdel-Aty, Ibrahim, Rakha, Sara Mamdouh Matter, Rasha, Abdelhamed, Omar, Abdelkader, Ayat, Hassaan, Yasmin, Soliman, Amna, Mohamed, Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk, Eman Mohamed Ibrahim, Esraa El-Taher (Faculty Of Medicine Seuz Canal University), Merna, Mostafa, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Badr, Rofida, Elsemelawy, Aya, El-Sawy, Ahmad, Bakr, Ahmad Abdel Razaq Al Rafati (Smouha University Hospital), Estonia: Sten Saar, Arvo, Reinsoo, Peep Talving (The North Estonia Medical Centre), Ethiopia: Nebyou Seyoum, Tewodros, Worku, Agazi Fitsum (Addis Ababa University, College Of Health Sciences, School Of Medicine), Finland: Matti Tolonen, Ville Sallinen (Helsinki University Hospital), France: Benoît Parmentier, Matthieu, Peycelon, Sabine Irtan (Trousseau Hospital, APHP), Sabrina Dardenne, Elsa Robert (GHICL), Betty, Maillot, Etienne, Courboin, Alexis Pierre Arnaud, Juliette Hascoet (CHU Rennes), Amir Ait Kaci, Thomas Prudhomme (CHU Toulouse), Quentin, Ballouhey, Céline, Grosos, Laurent Fourcade (CHU Limoges), Tolg, Cecilia, Colombani, Jean-Francois, Francois-Coridon Helene (CHU Martinique), Xavier Delforge, Elodie Haraux (CHU Amiens Picardie), Bertrand, Dousset, Roberto, Schiavone, Sebastien Gaujoux (Cochin, - APHP), Jean-Baptiste, Marret, Aurore, Haffreingue, Julien Rod (CHU Caen), Mariette Renaux-Petel (CHU Rouen), Jean-François, Lecompte, Jean, Bréaud, Pauline Gastaldi (CHU Lenval Nice), Chouikh, Taieb, Raquillet, Claire, Echaieb Anis (Hopital Robert Ballanger, Paris), Nasir, Bustangi, Manuel, Lopez, Aurelien Scalabre (CHU De Saint Etienne), Maria Giovanna Grella (CHU Poitiers), Aurora, Mariani, Guillaume, Podevin, Françoise Schmitt (CHU Angers), Aline, Broch, Cecile Muller (Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, Ghana: Stephen Tabiri, APHP)., Dickson, Bandoh, Francis, Abantanga, Martin, Kyereh, Hamza, Asumah, Eric Kofi Appiah, Paul Wondoh (Tamale Teaching Hospital), Adam, Gyedu, Charles, Dally, Kwabena, Agbedinu, Michael, Amoah, Abiboye Yifieyeh (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital), Particks Hospital), Frank Owusu (St., Mabel, Amoako-Boateng, Makafui, Dayie, Richmond, Hagan, Sam Debrah (Cape Coast Teaching Hosital), Micheal, Ohene-Yeboah, Joe-Nat, Clegg-Lampety, Victor, Etwire, Jonathan, Dakubo, Samuel, Essoun, William, Bonney, Hope, Glover-Addy, Samuel, Osei-Nketiah, Joachim, Amoako, Niiarmah, Adu-Aryee, William, Appeadu-Mensah, Antoinette, Bediako-Bowan, Florence Dedey (Korle Bu Teaching Hospital), Mattew, Ekow, Emmanuel, Akatibo, Musah Yakubu (Baptist Medical Center, Nalerigu), Hope Edem Kofi Kordorwu, Kwasi, Asare-Bediako, Enoch Tackie (Keta Hospital District Hospital, Keta), Kenneth, Aaniana, Emmanuel, Acquah, Richard, Opoku-Agyeman, Anthony, Avoka, Kwasi, Kusi, Kwame Maison (Techiman Holy Family Hospital), Frank Enoch Gyamfi (Berekum Holy Family Hospital), Gandau Naa Barnabas, Saiba Abdul-Latif (Upper West Regional Hospital), Philip Taah Amoako (Samapa Government Hospital), Anthony Davor, Victor Dassah (Upper East Regional Hospital), Mary's Hospital), Enoch Dagoe (St., Prince Kwakyeafriyie (Essumejaman Sda Hospital, Dominase), Elliot, Akoto, Eric, Ackom, Ekow Mensah (Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital), Ebenezer Takyi Atkins, Christian Lari Coompson (Brongho-Ahafo Regional Hospital, Sunyani) Greece: Nikolaos Ivros, Christoforos, Ferousis, Vasileios, Kalles, Christos, Agalianos, Ioannis, Kyriazanos, Christos, Barkolias, Angelos, Tselos, Georgios, Tzikos, Evangelos Voulgaris (Naval And Veterans Hospital), Dimitrios, Lytras, Athanasia, Bamicha, Kyriakos Psarianos (Achillopoyleio General Hospital Of Volos), Anastasios Stefanopoulos (General Hospital Of Nafplio, Department Of Surgery), Ioannis, Patoulias, Dimitrios, Sfougaris, Gennimatas Hospital), Ioannis Valioulis (G., Dimitrios, Balalis, Dimitrios, Korkolis, Dimitrios, K Manatakis (Saint Savvas Cancer Hospital), Georgios, Kyrou, Georgios, Karabelias, Iason-Antonios Papaskarlatos (General And Oncological Hospital Of Kifissia-Athens), Kolonia, Konstantina, Nikolaos, Zampitis, Stylianos Germanos (General Hospital Of Larissa), Aspasia, Papailia, Theodosios, Theodosopoulos, Georgios Gkiokas (2nd Dept Of Surgery, Aretaieion, Hospital, National, &amp, Kapodistrian University Of Athens School Of Medicine), Magdalini, Mitroudi, Christina, Panteli, Thomas, Feidantsis, Gennimatas General Hospital), Konstantinos Farmakis (G., Dimitrios, Kyziridis, Orestis, Ioannidis, Styliani Parpoudi (4th Surgical Department, Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki, General, Hospital, Papanikolaou), Georgios Gemenetzis, Stavros Parasyris (Attikon University Hospital), Michail Margaritis (Serres General Hospital), Guatemala: Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Otto, Coyoy-Gaitan, Javier Rosales (Hospital General San Juan De Dios), Luis, Tale, Emmanuel Barrios (Juan Josè Arevalo Bermejo), Servio Tulio Torres Rodriguez, Carlos Paz Galvez, Danilo Herrera Cruz (Hospital San Vicente), Guillermo Sanchez Rosenberg, Alejandro, Matheu, David Monterroso Cohen (Hospital Herrera Llerandi), Haiti: Marie Paul, Angeline Charles (Hopital Universitaire De Mirebalais), Hong Kong SAR, China: Justin Chak Yiu Lam, Man Hon Andrew Yeung, Chi Ying Jacquelyn Fok, Ka Hin Gabriel Li, Anthony Chuk-Him Lai, Yuk Hong Eric Cheung, Hong Yee Wong, Ka Wai Leung, Tien Seng Bryan Lee, Wai Him Lam, Weihei, Dao, Stephanie Hiu-wai Kwok, Tsz-Yan Katie Chan, Yung Kok Ng, TWC Mak (Prince Of Wales Hospital), Qinyang, Liu, Chi Chung Foo, James Yang (University Of Hong Kong), India: Basant Kumar, Ankur, Bhatnagar, Vijaid Upadhyaya (Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute Of Medical Sciences), Sunil Kumar (Excelcare Hospital), Uday, Muddebihal, Wasim, Dar, KC Janardha (Manipal Hospital), Philip Alexander, Neerav Aruldas (Lady Willingdon Hospital), Indonesia: Fidelis Jacklyn Adella, Anthonius Santoso Rulie, Ferdy, Iskandar, Jonny Setiawan (Atma Jaya Hospital), Cicilia Viany Evajelista, Hani, Natalie, Oen Surakarta Hospital), Arlindawati Suyadi (Dr., Rudy, Gunawan, Herlin, Karismaningtyas, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Mata, Ferry Fitriya Ayu Andika, Afifatun, Hasanah, T Ariani Widiastini, Nurlaila Ayu Purwaningsih, Annisa Dewi Fitriana Mukin, Dina Faizatur Rahmah, Hazmi Dwinanda Nurqistan, Hasbi Maulana Arsyad, Novia Adhitama (Rsd Dr Soebandi), Wifanto Saditya Jeo, Nathania, Sutandi, Audrey, Clarissa, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Matthew, Billy, Andreass, Haloho, Nadya, Johanna, Felix Lee (Rsupn Cipto Mangunkusumo), Ireland: Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Dorani, Martha, Glynn, Mohammad, Alherz, Wennweoi, Goh, Shiwani, Haaris A., Lorraine, Sproule, Conlon (Tallaght Hospital, Kevin C., Trinity College Dublin) Israel: Miklosh Bala, Asaf Kedar (Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center), Italy: Luca Turati, Federica, Bianco, Francesca Steccanella (Treviglio Hospital), Gaetano, Gallo, Mario, Trompetto, Giuseppe Clerico (Department of Colorectal Surgery, Rita Clinic, S., Vercelli), Matteo, Papandrea, Giuseppe, Sammarco, Rosario Sacco (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Mater Domini Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro), Luisa Giavarini (Sant'Antonio Abate Hospital, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Luigi, Bucci, Gianluca, Pagano, Viviana, Sollazzo, Roberto, Peltrini, Gaetano Luglio (Federico II University Of Naples), Arianna, Birindelli, Gregorio Tugnoli (Maggiore Hospital), Pietro, Mingrone, Domenica Pata (Nicola Giannettasio Hospital, Rossano), Francesco, Selvaggi, Lucio, Selvaggi, Gianluca, Pellino, Natale Di Martino (Universitá della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples), Gianluca, Curletti, Paolo, Aonzo, Raffaele Galleano (Ospedale Santa Corona, Pietra Ligure (SV)), Stefano, Berti, Elisa, Francone, Andrea Hospital, Silvia Boni (S., Poll-Asl, 5, Spezia), La, Lorenzon, Laura, Annalisa lo Conte, Genoveffa Balducci (Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome), Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti (Azienda Ospedaliera Alessandro Manzoni), Laura, Gavagna, Giorgio, Vasquez, Simone, Targa, Savino, Occhionorelli, Dario Andreotti (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Ferrara), Andrea, Armellini, Spedali Civili Di Brescia), Deborah Chiesa (A. O., Fabrizio, Aquilino, Nicola, Chetta, Arcangelo Picciariello (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari), Mohamed, Abdelkhalek, Andrea, Belli, Silvia De Franciscis (Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale-, I. R. C. C. S. )., Annamaria, Bigaran, Alessandro, Favero, 5 Friuli Occidentale), Stefano M. M Basso (Azienda Per L'assistenza Sanitaria N., Paola, Salusso, Martina, Perino, Sylvie, Mochet, Diego, Sasia, Francesco, Riente, Marco Migliore (Azienda Sanitaria Ospedaliera San Luigi Gonzaga), David, Merlini, Silvia, Basilicò, Carlo Corbellini (Ospedale Di Rho, - ASST Rhodense), Veronica, Lazzari, Luigi Bonavina (IRCCS Policlinico, University of Milano, San, Donato), Daniele, Angelieri, Diego, Coletta, Federica, Falaschi, Marco, Catani, Claudia, Reali, Mariastella, Malavenda, Celeste Del Basso, Sergio, Ribaldi, Massimo, Coletti, Andrea, Natili, Norma, Depalma, Immacolata, Iannone, Angelo, Antoniozzi, Davide Rossi (Policlinico Umberto, I Emergency Surgery Department), Daniele, Gui, Gerardo, Perrotta, Matteo, Ripa, Francesco Ruben Giardino, Maurizio Foco (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli), Erika, Vicario, Gabriela Elisa Nita (AO Papa Giovanni XXIII), Nicoletta, Leone, Anna Maffioli (Ospedale Sacco), Andrea, Simioni, Davide De Boni, Sandro Pasquali (IOV, - Istituto Oncologico Veneto), Elena, Goldin, Elena, Vendramin, Eleonora Ciccioli (Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova), Umberto, Tedeschi, Paola, Violi, Tommaso, Campagnaro, Simone, Conci, Giovanni, Lazzari, Calogero, Iacono, Alfredo, Gulielmi, Serena Manfreda (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona), Anna, Rinaldi, Maria Novella Ringressi, Beatrice Brunoni (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi), Giuseppe, Salamone, Mirko, Mangiapane, Paolino De Marco, Antonella La Brocca, Roberta, Tutino, Vania, Silvestri, Leo, Licari, Tommaso, Fontana, Nicolò, Falco, Gianfranco Cocorullo (Policlinico Paolo Giaccone di Palermo), Mostafa, Shalaby, Pierpaolo, Sileri, Claudio Arcudi (Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome) Jordan: Isam Bsisu, Khaled, Aljboor, Lana, Abusalem, Aseel, Alnusairat, Ahmad, Qaissieh, Emad, Al-Dakka, Ali, Ababneh, Oday Halhouli (Jordan University Hospital), Kenya: Taha Yusufali, Hussein Mohammed (Kenyatta National Hospital), Justus, Lando, Robert, Parker, Wairimu Ndegwa (Tenwek Hospital), Lithuania: Mantas Jokubauskas, Jolanta, Gribauskaite, Donatas Venskutonis (Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences), Justas, Kuliavas, Audrius, Dulskas, Samalavicius (Klaipeda University Hospital, Narimantas E., National Cancer Institute), Kristijonas, Jasaitis, Audrius, Parseliunas, Viktorija, Nevieraite, Evelina, Slapelyte, Edvinas, Dainius, Zilvinas, Dambrauskas, Andrejus, Subocius, Linas, Venclauskas, Antanas, Gulbinas, Simona, Kasputyte, Deimante, Mikuckyte, Mindaugas, Kiudelis, Tomas, Jankus, Steponas Petrikenas (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences), Matas, Pažuskis, Zigmantas, Urniežius, Mantas Vilčinskas (Republican Hospital of Kaunas), Vincas Jonas Banaitis, Vytautas, Gaižauskas, Edvard, Grisin, Povilas, Mazrimas, Mantas, Drungilas, Karolis, Lagunavicius, Vytautas, Lipnickas, Dovilè, Majauskyté, Tomas, Abaliksta, Laimonas, Uščinas, Gintaras, Simutis, Adomas, Ladukas, Donatas, Danys, Erikas, Laugzemys, Elena Zdanyte Sruogiene (Vilnius University Hospital), Petras, Višinskas, Reda, Žilinskienė, Deividas Dragatas (Hospital Of Jonava), Andrius Burmistrovas, Zygimantas Tverskis (Taurage Hospital), Arturas, Vaicius, Ruta, Mazelyte, Antanas Zadoroznas (Viesoji Istaiga Rokiskio Rajono Ligonine), Nerijus Kaselis, Greta Žiubrytė (Republican Hospital Of Klaipeda), Madagascar: Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence Rahantasoa, Luc Hervé Samison, Fanjandrainy, Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Tolotra (Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital), Malawi: Cornelius Mukuzunga, Vanessa, Msosa, Chimwemwe, Kwatiwani, Nelson Msiska (Kamuzu Central Hospital), Malaysia: Feng Yih Chai, Siti Mohd Desa Asilah, Khuzaimah Zahid Syibrah (Hospital Keningau), Pui Xin Chin, Nur Zulaika Riswan (Kajang Hospital), Hoong-Yin, Chong, Nora Abdul Aziz, Keat-Seong, Poh, Chu-Ann, Chai, Sandip Kumar (University Malaya Medical Centre), Mustafa Mohammed Taher, Dayang Nita Abdul Aziz, Reynu Rajan (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre UKMMC), Rokayah, Julaihi, Durvesh Lacthman Jethwani, Muhammad Taqiyuddin Yahaya, Nik Azim Nik Abdullah, Susan Wndy Mathew, Kuet Jun Chung, Milaksh Kumar Nirumal, Goh Ern Tze, R., Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Ali (Sarawak General Hospital), Yiing Yee Gan, Jesse Ron Swire Ting (Hospital Sibu), Sii, Samuel S. Y., Kean Leong Koay, Yi Koon Tan, Alvin Ee Zhiun Cheah, Chui Yee Wong, Tuan Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat, Crystal Yern Nee Chow, Har, Prisca A. L., Yishan Der (Hospital Sultanah Aminah), Yong Yong Tew, Fitjerald, Henry, Xinwei Low (Selayang Hospital), Ya Theng Neo, Hian Ee Heng, Shu Ning Kong, Cheewei, Gan, Yi Ting Mok, Yee Wen Tan, Kandasami, Palayan, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Yih Jeng Cheong (Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar), Kuhaendran, Gunaseelan, Wan Nurul 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir, Pigeneswaren Yoganathan (Hospital Keningau), Eu Xian Lee, Jian Er Saw, Li Jing Yeang, Pei Ying Koh, Shyang Yee Lim, Shuang Yi Teo (Hospital Pulau Pinang, / Penang Medical College), Malta: Nicole Grech, Daniela, Magri, Kristina, Cassar, Christine, Mizzi, Malcolm, Falzon, Nihaal, Shaikh, Ruth, Scicluna, Stefan, Zammit, Sean, Mizzi, Svetlana Doris Brincat, Thelma, Tembo, Vu Thanh Hien Le, Tara, Grima, Keith, Sammut, Kurt, Carabott, Ciskje, Zarb, Andre, Navarro, Thea, Dimech, Georgette Marie Camilleri, Isaac, Bertuello, Jeffrey, Dalli, Karl Bonavia (Mater Dei Hospital), Mexico: Samantha Corro-Diaz, Marisol, Manriquez-Reyes, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina (Hospital Español de Veracruz), Morocco: Amina Abdelhamid, Abdelmalek, Hrora, Sarah, Benammi, Houda, Bachri, Meryem, Abbouch, Khaoula, Boukhal, Redouane Mammar Bennai, Abdelkader, Belkouchi, Mohamed Sobhi Jabal, Chaymae Benyaiche (IBN Sina Hospital) Netherlands: Maarten Vermaas, Lucia Duinhouwer (Ijsselland Hospital) Nicaragua: Javier Pastora, Greta, Wood, Maria Soledad Merlo (Hospital Escuela Oscar Danilo Rosales Arguello), Nigeria: Akinlabi Ajao, Omobolaji, Ayandipo, Taiwo, Lawal, Abdussemiu Abdurrazzaaq (University College Hospital, Ibadan), Muslimat, Alada, Abdulrasheed, Nasir, James, Adeniran, Olufemi, Habeeb, Ademola Adeyeye (University Of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin), Ademola, Adebanjo, Adewale Adeniyi (Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, ), Henry, Mendel, Bashir, Bello, Umar Muktar (Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital), Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Oyindamola, Oshati, George, Ihediwa, Babajide, Adenekan, Victor, Nwinee, Abdulrazzaq, Lawal, Chris, Bode, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi (Lagos University Teaching Hospital), Oluwatomi, Odutola, Oluwaseyi, Adebola, Clement, Onuoha, Fatai, Balogun, Olalekan, Ajai, Iloba, Njokanma, Roland Osuoji (Lagos State University Teaching Hospital), Stephen, Kache, Jonathan, Ajah, Jerry Makama (Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna), Ahmed, Adamu, Suleiman, Baba, Mohammad, Aliyu, Shamsudeen, Aliyu, Yahaya, Ukwenya, Halima, Aliyu, Tunde, Sholadoye, Muhammad, Daniyan, Oluseyi Ogunsua (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria), Abdurrahaman, Sheshe, Aminu Mohammad (Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital), Samson, Olori, Philip, Mshelbwala, Garba, Samson, Oyediran Kehinde Timothy, Sani Ali Samuel (University Of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Anthony, Ajiboye, Isaac, Amole, Olajide, Abiola, Akin Olaolorun (Bowen University Teaching Hospital), Norway: Kjetil Søreide, Torhild, Veen, Arezo, Kanani, Kristian, Styles, Ragnar, Herikstad, Johannes Wiik Larsen, Jon Arne Søreide (Stavanger University Hospital), Elisabeth, Jensen, Mads, Gran, Eirik Kjus Aahlin (University Hospital Of Northern Norway), Tina, Gaarder, Peter Wiel Monrad-Hansen, Pål Aksel Næss (Oslo University Hospital), Giedrius, Lauzikas, Joachim, Wiborg, Silje Holte (Sykehuset Telemark HF), Knut Magne Augestad, Gurpreet Singh Banipal, Thomas Tetens Moe, Johannes Kurt Schultz (Akershus University Hospital), Palestine: Taher Al-taher, Ayah, Hamdan, Ayman, Salman, Rana, Saadeh, Aseel, Musleh, Dana, Jaradat, Soha, Abushamleh, Sakhaa, Hanoun, Amjad Abu Qumbos, Aseel, Hamarshi, Ayman And Taher (Al Makassed Islamic Charitable Society Hospital, Jerusalem), Israa, Qawasmi, Khalid, Qurie, Marwa, Altarayra, Mohammad, Ghannam, Alaa, Shaheen, Azher Herebat (Alia Governmental Hospital), Aram, Abdelhaq, Ahmad, Shalabi, Maram, Abu-toyour, Fatema, Asi, Ala, Shamasneh, Anwar, Atiyeh, Mousa, Mustafa, Rula, Zaa'Treh, Majd Dabboor (Palestine Medical Complex), Enas, Alaloul, Heba, Baraka, Jehad, Meqbil, Alaa, Al-Buhaisi, Mohamedraed, Elshami, Samah, Afana, Sahar, Jaber, Said, Alyacoubi, Yousef Abuowda (Islamic University of Gaza Medical School, European Gaza Hospital &amp, Shifa, Hospital), Tasneem Idress, Eman Abuqwaider (Mizan hospital), Sara, Al-saqqa, Alaa, Bowabsak, Alaa El Jamassi, Doaa, Hasanain, Hadeel, Al-farram, Maram, Salah, Aya, Firwana, Marwa, Hamdan, Israa Awad (Al-Shifa Hospital), Ahmad Ashour, Fayez Elian Al Barrawi (Bit Hanoun Hospital), Ahmed, Al-khatib, Maha, Al-faqawi, Mohamed Fares (Nasser Hospital), Amjad, Elmashala, Mohammad, Adawi, Ihdaa Adawi (Beit Jala Governmental Hospital), Reem, Khreishi, Rose Khreishi (Martyr Thabet Govermental hospital, Tulkarem), Ahmad, Ashour, Ahed Ghaben (Indonesian Hospital, Gaza) Pakistan: Najwa Nadeem, Muhammad Saqlain (Allied Hospital, Faisalabad), Jibran, Abbasy, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Tanzeela, Gala, Noman Shahzad (Aga Khan University), Kamran Faisal Bhopal, Muhammad Talha Butt, Syed Asaat ul Razi, Asdaq, Ahmed, Ali Khan Niazi (Bahawal Victoria Hospital), Ibrahim, Raza, Fatima, Baluch, Ahmed, Raza, Ahmad, Bani-Sadar, Muhammad, Adil, Awais Raza (King Edward Medical University, Mayo, Hospital, Lahore), Mahnoor, Javaid, Muhammad, Waqar, Maryam Ali Khan (CMH Lahore Medical And Dental College), Mohammad Mohsin Arshad, Mohammadasim Amjad (Nishtar Medical College And Hospital), Paraguay: Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega, Jorge Torres Cardozo, Marcelo O´Higgins Roche, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Servin, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Larissa Ines Páez Lopez, Ramón Augusto Melo Cardozo (Hospital de Clínicas, II Cátedra de Clínica Quirúrgica, Universidad Nacional de Asunción) Peru: Fernando Espinoza, Angel David Pérez Rojas, Diana, Sanchez, Camila Sanchez Samaniego, Shalon Guevara Torres, Alexander Canta Calua, Cesar, Razuri, Nadia, Ortiz, Xianelle, Rodriguez, Nahilia, Carrasco, Fridiz, Saravia, Hector Shibao Miyasato, María, Valcarcel-Saldaña, Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Bermúdez, Juan, Carpio, Walter Ruiz Panez, Pedro Angel Toribio Orbegozo (Hospital Nacional Arzopispo Loayza), Carolina Guzmán Dueñas, Kevin Turpo Espinoza, Ana Maria Sandoval Barrantes, Jorge Armando Chungui Bravo, Lorena, Fuentes-Rivera, Carmen, Fernández, Bárbara, Málaga, Joselyn Ye (Hospital Cayetano Heredia), Ricardo Velasquez, Jannin Salcedo (Clínica De Especialidades Médicas), Ana Lucia Contreras-Vergara, Angelica Genoveva Vergara Mejia, Maria Soledad Gonzales Montejo (Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen), Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Salas, Willy Alcca Ticona, Marvin, Vargas, George Christian Manrique Sila, Robinson, Mas, Arazzelly del Pilar Paucar (Hospital Regional De Ayacucho), Armando José Román Velásquez, Alina, Robledo-Rabanal, Ludwing Alexander Zeta Solis (Hospital III José Cayetano Heredia), Kenny Turpo Espinoza (Hospital Nacional Maria Auxiliadora), José Luis Hamasaki Hamaguchi, Erick Samuel Florez Farfan, Linda Alvi Madrid Barrientos, Juan Jaime Herrera Matta (Hospital De Policia), Mora, Philippines: John Jemuel V., Redota, Menold Archee P., Manuel Francisco Roxas, Maño (The Medical City), Maria Jesusa B., Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalan, Christel Leanne Almanon (Department Of Surgery, Philippine General Hospital, University Of The Philippines Manila), Poland: Maciej Walędziak, Rafał, Roszkowski, Michał Janik (Department Of General, Oncological, Metabolic And Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute Of Medicine, Warsaw), Anna, Lasek, Piotr, Major, Dorota, Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz (2nd Department Of Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College), Portugal: Cristina Fernandes, Renato Melo (Centro Hospitalar De São João), Romania: Liviu Muntean, Aurel Sandu Mironescu, Lucian Corneliu Vida (Spitalul Clinic De Copii Brasov), Amar Kourdouli, Mariuca Popa (Spital Judetean De Urgenta Din Craiova), Hogea Mircea (Spitalul Clinic Judetean Brasov), Mihaela, Vartic, Bogdan, Diaconescu, Matei Razvan Bratu, Ionut, Negoi, Cezar Ciubotaru (Emergency Hospital of Bucharest), Allen Ingabire, Rwanda: J. C., Norbert Uzabumwana (University Teaching Hospital Of Kigali), Dieudonne Duhoranenayo (Kibungo Hospital), San Marino: Elio Jovine, Nicola, Zanini, Giovanni Landolfo (San Marino State Hospital), Saudi Arabia: Murad Aljiffry, Faisal, Idris, Alghamdi, Mohammed Saleh A., Ashraf, Maghrabi, Aroub, Alkaaki, Sondos Turkustani (Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah) Eyad Khalifah, Adel, Albiety, Sarah, Sahel, Reham, Alshareef, Mohammed Najjar (Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Oncology Center, Jeddah) Ahmed Alzahrani, Ahmed, Alghamdi, Wedyan Alhazmi (King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah) Ghiath Al Saied, Mohammed, Alamoudi, Muhammed Masood Riaz (King Fahad Medical City, Mazen, Hassanain, Basmah, Alhassan, Abdullah, Altamimi, Reem, Alyahya, Norah Al Subaie, Fatema Al Bastawis, Roaa Khan (King Khaled University Hospital), Serbia: Milan Radojkovic, Ljiljana, Jeremic, Milica Nestorovic (Clinic For General Surgery, Clinical Center Nis), Singapore: Jia Hao Law, Keith Say Kwang Tan, Ryan Choon Kiat Tan, Joel Kin Tan, Lau Wen Liang Joel, Bettina, Lieske, Xue Wei Chan, Faith Qi Hui Leong, Choon Seng Chong, Sharon, Koh, Kai Yin Lee, Kuok Chung Lee (National University Hospital) South Africa: Kent Pluke, Britta, Dedekind, Puyearashid, Nashidengo, Mark Ian Hampton (Victoria Hospital Wynberg), Johanna, Joosten, Sanju, Sobnach, Liana, Roodt, Anthony, Sander, James, Pape, Richard Spence (Groote Schuur), Niveshni Maistry (Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital), Phumudzo, Ndwambi, Kamau, Kinandu, Myint Tun (Leratong Hospital), Frederick Du Toit, Quinn, Ellison, Sule, Burger, Grobler, Dc, Lawrence Bongani Khulu (Tembisa Tertiary Provincial Hospital), Rachel, Moore, Vicky, Jennings, Astrid Leusink (Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital), Nazmie, Kariem, Juan, Gouws, Kathryn, Chu, Heather, Bougard, Fazlin, Noor, Angela Dell (New Somerset Hospital), Stephanie Van Straten (Helen Joseph Hospital, University Of Witwatersrand), Arvin, Khamajeet, Serge Kapenda Tshisola, Kalangu Kabongo (Stanger Hospital), Yoshan, Moodley, Frank, Anderson, Thandinkosi Madiba (Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital), Flip du Plooy (Mediclinic Potchefstroom), Leila, Hartford, Gareth, Chilton, Parveen Karjiker (Mitchell's Plain District Hospital), Matlou Ernest Mabitsela, Sibongile Ruth Ndlovu (Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital), Maria Badicel, Robert Jaich (Milpark Hospital) Spain: Jaime Ruiz-Tovar (University Hospital Rey Juan Carlos), Luis, Garcia-Florez, Otero-Díez, Jorge L., Virginia Ramos Pérez, Nuria Aguado Suárez (Hospital Universitario San Agustín), Javier Minguez García, Sara Corral Moreno, Maria Vicenta Collado, Virginia Jiménez Carneros, Javier García Septiem (Hospital Universitario de Getafe), Mariana, Gonzalez, Antonio, Picardo, Enrique, Esteban, Esther, Ferrero, Irene Ortega (Infanta Sofía University Hospital), Eloy, Espin-Basany, Ruth, Blanco-Colino, Valeria Andriola (Hospital Valle De Hebron), Elisa, Contreras, Carmen García Bernardo, Sandra, Sanz, Alberto Miyar de León, Asnel, Dorismé, Joseluis, Rodicio, Aida, Suarez, Jessica, Stuva, Tamara Diaz Vico (Central University Hospital Of Asturias), Laura, Fernandez-Vega, Carla, Soldevila-Verdeguer, Fatima, Sena-Ruiz, Natalia, Pujol-Cano, Paula, Diaz-Jover, José Maria Garcia-Perez, Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro, Cristina, Pineño-Flores, David, Ambrona-Zafra, Andrea, Craus-Miguel, Patricia, Jimenez-Morillas, Angela Mazzella (Hospital Universitario Son Espases), B Jayathilake, Sri Lanka: A., Thalgaspitiya, S. P. B., Wijayarathna, L. S., Wimalge (University Surgical Unit, P. M. S. N., Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura), Kitts And Nevis: Hakeem Ayomi Sanni, St., Aliyu, Ndajiwo, Ogheneochuko Okenabirhie (Joseph, N France Hospital) Sudan: Anmar Homeida, Abobaker, Younis, Omer Abdelbagi Omer, Mustafa, Abdulaziz, Ali, Mussad, Ali Adam (University of Gezira), Sweden: Yucel Cengiz, Ida, Björklund, Sandra Ahlqvist (Sundsvall Hospital), Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen (Ersta Hospital), Arestis Sokratous, Michaela Breistrand (Mora Hospital), Hildur Thorarinsdottir (Helsingborgs Lasarett), Johanna, Sigurdadottir, Maziar, Nikberg, Abbas Chabok (Västmanlands Hospital Västerås), Maria Hjertberg (Department Of Surgery And Department Of Clinical And Experimental Medicine, Linköping, University, Norrköping, Sweden), Peter, Elbe, Deborah, Saraste, Wiktor, Rutkowski, Louise Forlin (Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Solna), Karoliina, Niska, Malin Sund (Umea University Hospital) Switzerland: Dennis Oswald, Georgios, Peros, Rafael, Bluelle, Katharina, Reinisch, Daniel, Frey, Adrian Palma (Gzo Spital Wetzikon), Lucius, Zumbühl, Markus Zuber (Kantonsspital Olten), Roger Schmid, Gabriela Werder (Buergerspital Solothurn), Antonio, Nocito, Silke Mahanty (Kantonsspital Baden), Lukas Werner Widmer, Julia, Müller, Alissa Gübeli (Hospital Davos), Grzegorz Zuk (Gzo Spital Wetzikon), Turkey: Osman Bilgin Gulcicek, Yuksel, Altinel, Talar Vartanoglu (Bagcilar Research And Training Hospital), Emin, Kose, Servet Rustu Karahan, Mehmet Can Aydin (Okmeydanı Training And Research Hospital), Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Ilkay, Halicioglu, Sadi Konuk Training And Research Hospital), Halil Alis (Bakirkoy Dr., Ipek, Sapci, Can, Adıyaman, Ahmet Murat Pektaş, Turgut Bora Cengiz, Ilkan, Tansoker, Vedatcan, Işler, Muazzez, Cevik, Deniz, Mutlu, Volkan, Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Sefa, Bayram, Sinem, Yolcu, Berna Buse Kobal, Ömer Faruk Toto, Haluk Cem Çakaloğlu (Acibadem University School of Medicine, Atakent, Hospital), Kagan, Karabulut, Vahit, Mutlu, Bahar Busra Ozkan (Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty), Saban, Celik, Anil, Semiz, Selim, Bodur, Enisburak, Gül, Busra, Murutoglu, Reyyan, Yildirim, Bahadir Emre Baki, Ekin, Arslan, Mehmet, Ulusahin, Ali Guner (Karadeniz Technical University Faculty Of Medicine), United Kingdom: Nathan Walker, Nikhita, Shrimanker, Simon Cole (Royal United Hospital Bath), Ryan Breslin, Ravi Srinivasan (Blackpool Victoria Hospital), Kristina, Hunter, Ahmed Al-Bahrani (Watford General Hospital), Nora Grace Mairs, Alistair, Rocke, Lachlan, Dick, Mobeen Qureshi (Inverclyde Royal Hospital), Debkumar Chowdhury (University Hospital Ayr), Naomi, Wright, Clare, Skerritt, Thomas' Hospitals), Dorothy Kufeji (Guy's And St., Adrienne, Ho, Tharindra, Dissanayake, Athula, Tennakoon, Wadah Ali (Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust), Charlene, Tan, Catrin Jones (Victoria Hospital Kirkcaldy), Stephen, Knight, Dima, Nassif, Abhishek Sharma (Perth Royal Infirmary), Oliver, Warren, Rebecca, White, Aia, Mehdi, Nathan, Post, Eliana, Kalakouti, Enkhbat, Dashnyam, Frederick Stourton (Chelsea And Westminster Hospital), Ioannis Mykoniatis, Chelise Currow (Northampton General Hospital), Francisca, Wong, Ashish, Gupta, Veeranna Shatkar (Queen's Hospital, BHR University Hospitals NHS Trust), Suraj, Kadiwar, Alexander Smedley (North Middlesex University Hospital), Rebecca, Wakefield, Philip, Herrod, James, Blackwell, Jonathan Lund (Royal Derby Hospital), Fraser, Cohen, Ashwath, Bandi, Stefano Giuliani (St George's Hospital), Giles, Bond-Smith, Neda, Farhangmehr, Miklos Perenyei (John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford), Philip, Ireland, Kirk, Bowling, David Bunting (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Lydia, Longstaff, Kenneth Keogh (Royal Devon &amp, Exeter, Hospital), Hyunjin, Jeon, Muhammad Rafaih Iqbal, Shivun, Khosla, Anna, Jeffery, James Perera (Maidstone &amp, Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust), Ella Teasdale (Western Isles Hospital), Tariq, Alhammali, Yahya Salama (Kettering General Hospital NHS Trust), Rakan Kabariti, Shaun Oram (Nevill Hall Hospital), Thomas, Kidd, Fraser, Cullen, Christopher, Owen, Michael, Wilson, Seehui, Chiu, Hannah Sarafilovic (Ninewells Hospital), Jennifer, Ploski, Elizabeth, Evans, Athar, Abbas, Sylvia, Kamya, Norzawani, Ishak, Carly, Bisset, Cedar, Andress, Ye Ru Chin (Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley), Priya, Patel, David Evans (University Hospital, Wales), Anna Jeffery, James Perera (Maistone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust), Aidan, Haslegrave, Adam, Boggon, Kirsten, Laurie, Thomas Mann (Borders General Hospital), Anahita, Mansuri, Rachel, Davies, Ewen Griffiths (University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust), Aized Raza Shahbaz, Calvin, Eng, Farhat, Din, Ariadne, L'Heveder, Park, Esther H. G., Ramanish, Ravishankar, Kirsten, Mcintosh, Jih Dar Yau, Luke, Chan, Susan McGarvie (Western General Hospital, Edinburgh), Lingshan, Tang, Hui, Lim, Suhhuey, Yap, Jay, Park, Zhan Herr Ng, Shahrukh, Mirza, Yun Lin Ang, Luke, Walls, Chloe, Roy, Simon, Paterson-Brown, Julian, Camilleri-Brennan, Kenneth, Mclean, Michelle, S D'Souza, Savva, Pronin, David Ewart Henshall, Eunice Zuling Ter (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh), Dina Fouad, Ashish Minocha (Norfolk And Norwich University Hospital), William, English, Catrin, Morgan, Dominic, Townsend, Laura, Maciejec, Shareef, Mahdi, Onyinye, Akpenyi, Elisabeth, Hall, Hanaan, Caydiid, Zakaria, Rob, Tom, Abbott, Hew, D Torrance (The Royal London Hospital), Gareth Irwin, Robin Johnston (Ulster Hospital Dundonald), Mohammed Akil Gani, Gianpiero Gravante (Leicester Royal Infirmary), Shivanchan, Rajmohan, Kiran, Majid, Christopher Smith (West Middlesex University Hospital), Madanmohan, Palliyil, Sanjay, Patel, Luke, Nicholson, Neil, Harvey, Katie, Baillie, Sam, Shillito, Suzanne, Kershaw, Rebecca, Bamford, Peter Orton (Stockport NHS Foundation Trust), Elke, Reunis, Wai Cheong Soon (Good Hope Hospital), Jama, Guled M., Dharminder, Dhillon, Khyati Patel (Walsall Manor Hospital, Walsall), Shayanthan, Nanthakumaran, Rachel, Heard, Kar Yan Chen (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Behrad, Barmayehvar, Uttaran, Datta, Sivesh, K Kamarajah, Sharad Karandikar (Heartlands Hospital), Sobhana Iftekhar Tani (Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust), Philippa, Donnelly, Michael Walker (Raigmore Hospital), Jehangirshaw, Parakh, Sarah, Blacker, Anil Kaul (Whiston Hospital), Arjun Paramasivan (Darlington Memorial Hospital), Sameh, Farag, Ashrafun, Nessa, Salwa Awadallah (Worthing Hospital, Western Sussex Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Jieqi, Lim, James Chean Khun Ng (Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow), United States: Katherine Gash, Kiran, Ravi P., Alice Murray (New York Presbyterian Hospital, / Columbia University Medical Center), Mohini, Dasari, Juan Puyana (University Of Pittsburgh Medical Center, - Presbyterian), Nadeem, Haddad, Martin, Zielinski, Asad Choudhry (Mayo Clinic), Celeste, Caliman, Mieshia, Beamon, Therese Duane (John Peter Smith Hospital), Ragavan Narayanan, Mamta Swaroop (Northwestern Memorial Hospital / Northwestern University), Jonathan, Myers, Rebecca, Deal, Erik Schadde (Rush University Medical Centre), Mark, Hemmila, Kathleen To (University Of Michigan Medical Center) Zambia: Alex Makupe, Joseph, Musowoya, Mayaba Maimbo (Ndola Central Hospital), Niels Van Der Naald, Dayson, Kumwenda, Alex, Reece-Smith, Kars, Otten, Anna, Verbeek, Marloes Prins (St Francis Mission Hospital) Data validators (GlobalSurg-2) Argentina: Alibeth Andres Baquero Suarez (Simplemente Evita), Ruben Balmaceda (Hospital Lagomaggiore), Barbados: Chelsea Deane (Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Croatia: Emilio Dijan (Zadar General Hospital), Egypt: Mahmoud Elfiky (Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University), Finland: Laura Koskenvuo (Helsinki University Hospital), France: Aurore Thollot (CHU Poitiers), Bernard Limoges (CHU Limoges), Carmen Capito (Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, Challine Alexandre (Hopital Cochin, Henri Kotobi (Trousseau Hospital, Julien Leroux (CHU Rouen), Kalitha Pinnagoda (CHU Toulouse), Nicolas Henric (CHU Angers), Olivier Azzis (CHU Rennes), Olivier Rosello (CHU Nice), Poddevin Francois (GHICL), Sara Etienne (CHU Saint Etienne), Philippe Buisson (CHU Amiens Picardie), Sophian Hmila (Hopital Robert Ballanger, Ghana: Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey (Korle Bu Teaching Hospital), Osman Imoro (Baptist Medical Centre), Owusu Emmanuel Abem (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital), Paul Wondoh (Upper West Regional Hospital), Greece: Dimitrios Papageorgiou (Naval And Veterans Hospital Of Athens), Vasiliki Soulou (Anticancer Hospital Of Athens Agios Savvas), Guatemala: Sabrina Asturias (Hospital Herrera Llerandi Amedesgua), Lenin Peña (Hospital General San Juan De Dios), India: Basant Kumar (Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute Of Medical College Lucknow), Ireland: Donal B O’Connor (Tallaght Hospital, Trinity College Dublin), Italy: Alberto Realis Luc (Santa Rita Clinic, Alfio Alessandro Russo (Treviglio Hospital), Andrea Ruzzenente (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona), Antonio Taddei (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi), Camilla Cona (IOV, - Istituto Oncologico Veneto), Corrado Bottini (Sant'Antonio Abate Hospital, Giovanni Pascale (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara), Giuseppe Rotunno (Nicola Giannettasio Hospital, Leonardo Solaini (University Of Brescia, Spedali Civili Di Brescia, ), Marco Maria Pascale (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli', ), Margherita Notarnicola (University Of Bari 'Aldo Moro'), Mario Corbellino (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano), Michele Sacco (Federico II University of Naples), 5 'Friuli Occidentale', Paolo Ubiali (Azienda per L'Assistenza Sanitaria N., Pordenone), Roberto Cautiero (Second University Of Naples), Tommaso Bocchetti (Sant’Andrea Hospital, Andrea Hospital, Elena Muzio (S., Vania Guglielmo (Policlinico Umberto I, Emergency Surgery Department), Eugenio Morandi (Ospedale di Rho, – ASST Rhodense), Patrizio Mao (San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano), Emilia De Luca (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Jordan: Farah Mahmoud Ali (Jordan University Hospital), Margherita Notarnicola (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari)., Lithuania: Justas Žilinskas (Klaipeda Republic), Kestutis Strupas (Vilnius University Hospital), Paulius Kondrotas (Taurage County Hospital), Robertas Baltrunas (Rokiskis District Municipality Hospital), Juozas Kutkevicius (Department Of General Surgery, Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences), Povilas Ignatavicius (Hospital Of Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics), Malaysia: Choy Ling Tan (Hospital Sultanah Aminah), Jia Yng Siaw (Hospital Sibu), Sir Young Yam (Penang Medical College), Ling Wilson (Sarawak General Hospital), Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz (University Malaya Medical Centre), Malta: John Bondin (Mater Dei Hospital), Mexico: Carmina Diaz Zorrilla (Hospital Espanol De Veracruz), Morocco: Anass Majbar (Centre Hospitalier Ibn Sina Rabat), Nigeria: Danjuma Sale (Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital), Lawal Abdullahi (Aminu KanoTeaching Hospital), Olabisi Osagie (University Of Abuja Teaching Hospital), Omolara Faboya (Lagos State Teaching Hospital), Adedeji Fatuga (Lagos University Teaching Hospital), Agboola Taiwo (Babcock University Teaching Hospital), Emeka Nwabuoku (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital), Norway: Marte Bliksøen (Oslo University Hospital), Pakistan: Zain Ali Khan (Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur), Paraguay: Jazmin Coronel (Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción) Peru: Cesar Miranda (Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia), Idelso Vasquez (Lima Almenara), Helguero-Santin (Hospital Regional III Jose Cayetano Heredia – Piura), Luis M., Rwanda: Jennifer Rickard (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Kigali), Romania: Aurel Mironescu (Spitalul Clinic De Copii Brasov), Saint Kitts and Nevis: Adesina Adedeji (Joseph, N France Hospital), Saudi Arabia: Saleh Alqahtani (King Fahad General Hospital), South Africa: Max Rath (Groote Schuur Hospital), Michael Van Niekerk (New Somerset Hospital), Modise Zacharia Koto (Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital), Roel Matos-Puig (Stanger Hospital), Sweden: Leif Israelsson (Sundsvall), Switzerland: Tobias Schuetz (Kantonsspital Olten), Turkey: Mahmut Arif Yuksek (Ondokuz Mayis University), Meric Mericliler (Acibadem University School of Medicine, Mehmet Uluşahin (Karadeniz Technical University Farabi Hospital), United Kingdom: Bernhard Wolf (Raigmore Hospital Inverness), Cameron Fairfield (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh), Guo Liang Yong (Perth Royal Infirmary), Katharine Whitehurst (Royal Devon And Exeter), Michael Wilson (Ninewells Hospital And Medical School), Natalie Redgrave (John Radcliffe Hospital, Caroluce, K Musyoka (Royal Alexandra Hospital), James Olivier (Royal United Hospital Bath), Kathryn Lee (Queen Elizabeth Birmingham), Michael Cox (Royal Derby Hospital), Muhamed M, H Farhan-Alanie (Inverclyde Royal Hospital), Rory Callan (North Middlesex University Hospital) Zambia: Chali Chibuye (Ndola Central Hospital) Protocol translators (GlobalSurg-2) Arabic, Tebian Hassanein Ahmed Ali, Syrine, Rekhis, Muna, Rommaneh, Oday, Halhouli, Chinese, Zi Hao Sam, Jacky Hong Chieh Chen, French, Dylan, Roi, Greek, Vasileios Kalles, Italian, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Portuguese, Thays Brunelli Pugliesi, Gabriel, Pardo, Spanish, Ruth, Blanco, Eugenio Grasset, Escobar., Gallo, Gaetano, Adisa, A. O., Costas-Chavarri, A., Allen-Ingabire, J. C., Lilford, R. J., Harrison, E. M., Pinkney, T. D., Verjee, A., Runigamugabo, E., Altamini, A., Borda-Luque, G., Cornick, J., Fitzgerald, J. E., Kirby, A., Mihaljevic, A. L., Morton, D., Ntirenganya, F., Ots, R., Shaw, C. A., Khatri, C., Gobin, N., Freitas, A. V., Hall, N., Kim, S. -H., Negida, A., Jaffry, Z., Chapman, S. J., Arnaud, A. P., Tabiri, S., Recinos, G., Manipal, C. E., Mohan, M., Amandito, R., Shawki, M., Hanrahan, M., Zilinskas, J., Roslani, A. C., Goh, C. C., Ademuyiwa, A. O., Irwin, G., Shu, S., Luque, L., Shiwani, H., Altamimi, A., Alsaggaf, M. U., Spence, R., Rayne, S., Jeyakumar, J., Raptis, D. A., Glasbey, J. C., Modolo, M. M., Iyer, D., King, S., Arthur, T., Nahar, S. N., Waterman, A., Walsh, M., Agarwal, A., Zani, A., Firdouse, M., Rouse, T., Liu, Q., Correa, J. C., Salem, H. K., Talving, P., Worku, M., Kalles, V., Kumar, B., Kumar, S., Quek, R., Pata, F., Ansaloni, L., Altibi, A., Venskutonis, D., Poskus, T., Whitaker, J., Msosa, V., Tew, Y. Y., Farrugia, A., Borg, E., Ramos-De La Medina, A., Bentounsi, Z., Soreide, K., Gala, T., Al-Slaibi, I., Tahboub, H., Alser, O. H., Romani, D., Major, P., Mironescu, A., Bratu, M. R., Kourdouli, A., Ndajiwo, A., Altwijri, A., Gudal, A., Jubran, A. F., Seisay, S., Lieske, B., Ortega, I., Senanayake, K. J., Abdulbagi, O., Altinel, Y., Kong, C., Teasdale, E., Stoddart, M., Kabariti, R., Suresh, S., Gash, K., Narayanan, R., Maimbo, M., Fermani, C., Macdermid, E., Chenn, R., Yong, C. O., Edye, M., Jarmin, M., D'Amours, S. K., Youssef, D., Phillips, N., Brown, J., George, R., Koh, C., Warren, O., Hanley, I., Dickfos, M., Nawara, C., Ofner, D., Primavesi, F., Mitul, A. R., Mahmud, K., Hussain, M., Hakim, H., Kumar, T., Oosterkamp, A., Assouto, P. A., Lawani, I., Souaibou, Y. I., Tun, A. K., Chong, C. L., Devadasar, G. H., Qadir, M. R. M., Aung, K. P., Yeo, L. S., Castillo, V. D. P., Munhoz, M. M., Moreira, G., De Castro Segundo, L. C. B., Ferreira, S. A. K., Careta, M. C., Kim, S. B., De Sousa, A. V., Cury, A. D. L., Miguel, G. P. S., De Freitas, A. V. C., Silvestre, B. P., Vianna, J. G. P., Felipe, C. O., Laufer, L. A. V., Altoe, F., Da Silva, L. A., Pimenta, M. L., Giuriato, T. F., Morais, P. A. B., Luiz, J. S., Araujo, R., Menegussi, J., Leal, M., De Lima, C. V. B., Tatagiba, L. S., Leal, A., Dos Santos, D. V., Fraga, G. P., Simoes, R. L., Stock, S., Nigo, S., Kabba, J., Ngwa, T. E., Azzie, G., Kushwaha, S., Bailey, K., Cameron, B., Livingston, M., Horobjowsky, A., Deckelbaum, D. L., Razek, T., Marinkovic, B., Grasset, E., D'Aguzan, N., Jimenez, J., Macchiavello, R., Zhang, Z., Guo, W., Oh, J., Zheng, F., Montes, I., Sierra, S., Mendez, M., Villegas, M. I., Arango, M. C. M., Mendoza, I., Aristizabal, F. A. N., Botero, J. A. M., Riaza, V. M. Q., Restrepo, J., Morales, C., Cruz, H., Munera, A., Karlo, R., Domini, E., Mihanovic, J., Radic, M., Zamarin, K., Pezelj, N., Hache-Marliere, M., Lemaire, S. B., Rivas, R., Khyrallh, A., Hassan, A., Shimy, G., Fahmy, M. A. B., Nabawi, A., Elfil, M., Ghoneem, M., Gohar, M. E. S. A. M., Asal, M., Abdelkader, M., Gomah, M., Rashwan, H., Karkeet, M., Gomaa, A., Hasan, A., Elgebaly, A., Saleh, O., Fattah, A. A., Gouda, A., Elshafay, A. E., Gharib, A., Menshawy, A., Hanafy, M., Al-Mallah, A., Abdulgawad, M., Baheeg, M., Alhendy, M., Fattah, I. A., Kenibar, A., Osman, O., Gemeah, M., Mohammed, A., Adel, A., Sayed, A., Abozaid, M., El-Badri Kotb, A. H., Ata, A. A. A., Nasr, M., Alkammash, A., Saeed, M., El Hamid, N. A., Attia, A. M., El Galeel, A. A., Elbanby, E., El-Dien, K. S., Hantour, U., Alahmady, O., Mansour, B., Elkorashy, A. M., Taha, E. M. S., Lasheen, K. T., Elkolaly, S. S., Abdel-Wahab, N. Y. E., Abozyed, M. A. F., Saeed, A. M., El Sayed, G. S., Youssif, J. H., Ahmed, S. M., El-Shahat, N. S., Khedr, A. E. R. H., Elsebaaye, A. O., Elzayat, M., Abdelraheim, M., Elzayat, I., Warda, M., El Deen, K. N., Elnemr, A. E., Salah, O., Abbas, M., Rashad, M., Elzayyat, I., Hemeda, D., Tawfik, G., Salama, M., Khaled, H., Seisa, M., Elshaer, K., Hussein, A., Elkhadrawi, M., Afifi, A. M., Ebrahim, O. S., Metwally, M. M., Elmelegy, R., Elsawahly, D. M. E., Safa, H., Nofal, E., Elbermawy, M., Ghazy, A. A., Samih, H., Abdelgelil, A., Abdelghany, S., Kholy, A. E., Aboraya, M., Elkady, F., Salma, M., Samy, S., Fakher, R., Aboarab, A., Samir, A., Sakr, A., Haroun, A., Al-Aarag, A. A. R., Elkholy, A., Elshanwany, S., Ghanem, E., Tammam, A., Hammad, A. M., Shoura, Y. E., Ashal, G. E., Antar, S., Mehrez, S., Abdelshafy, M., Hamad, M. G. M., Hosh, M., Abdallah, E., Magdy, B., Alzayat, T., Gamaly, E., Elfeki, H., Abouzahra, A., Elsheikh, S., Elgendy, F. I., El-Salam, F. A., Seifelnasr, O., Ammar, M., Eysa, A., Sadek, A., Toeema, A. G., Nasr, A., Abuseif, M., Zidan, H., Barakat, S. A. E., Elsayed, N., Elrasoul, Y. A., Elkelany, A., Ammar, M. S., Mustafa, M. -A., Hegazy, Y., Etman, M., Saad, S., Alrahawy, M., Raslan, A., Morsi, M., Rslan, A., Sabry, A., Elwakil, H., Shaker, H., Abd-Elrasoul, Y., El-Kashef, H., Shaalan, M., Tarek, A., Elwan, A., Nayel, A. R., Seif, M., Emadeldin, D., Ghonaim, M. A., Almallah, A., Fouad, A., Sayma, E. A., Elbatahgy, A., El-Ma'doul, A. S., Mosad, A., Tolba, H., Elsorogy, D. E. A. A., Mostafa, H. A., Omar, A. A., El Hameed, O. S. A., Lasheen, A., El Salam, Y. A., Morsi, A., Ismail, M., El-Badawy, H. A., Amer, M. A., El-Hamouly, A. S., Attallah, N. A., Mosalum, O., Afandy, A., Mokhtar, A., Abouelnasr, A., Ayad, S., Shaker, R., Sakr, R., Amreia, M., Elsobky, S., Mustafa, M., Magd, A. A. E., Marey, A., Hafez, A. T., Zalabia, M. F., Mohamed, M. M., Fadel, A., Ahmed, E. A., Ali, A., Alwafai, M. G., Dwydar, A., Kharsa, S., Mamdouh, E., El-Sheemy, H., Al Youssef, I., Aly, A. K., Aldalaq, A., Alnawam, E., Alkhabbaz, D., Saad, M., Hussein, S., Elazayem, A. A., Meshref, A., Elashmawy, M., Mousa, M., Nashaat, A., Ghanem, S., Elsayed, Z. M., Elwaey, A., Elkadsh, I., Darweesh, M., Mohameden, A., Hafez, M., Badr, A., Badwy, A., Slam, M. A. E., Elazoul, M., Al-Nahrawi, S., Eldamaty, L., Nada, F., Ameen, M., Hagar, A., Elsehimy, M., Dawoud, H., Mesery, S. E., Gendy, A. E., Abdelkareem, A., Marey, A. S., Allam, M., Shehata, S., Abozeid, K., Elshobary, M., Fahiem, A., Sarsik, S., Hashish, A., Zidan, M., Hashish, M., Aql, S., Elhendawy, A. O. A., Husseini, M., Kasem, E., Gheith, A., Elfouly, Y., Soliman, A. R., Ibrahim, Y., Elfouly, N., Fawzy, A., Rashid, M., Elsherbiny, A. S., Sieda, B., Badwi, N. M., Mohammed, M. M. H., Mohamed, O., Habeeb, M. A., Starr, N., Desta, S., Wondimu, S., Abebe, N. S., Thomas, E., Asele, F. A., Dabessa, D., Zerihun, A. B., Scalabre, A., Frade, F., Irtan, S., Graffeille, V., Gaignard, E., Alimi, Q., Graffieille, V., Abbo, O., Mouttalib, S., Bouali, O., Hervieux, E., Aigrain, Y., Botto, N., Faure, A., Fievet, L., Panait, N., Eyssartier, E., Schmitt, F., Podevin, G., Parent, V., Martin, A., Muller, C., Bonnard, A., Peycelon, M., Abantanga, F., Boakye-Yiadom, K., Bukari, M., Owusu, F., Awuku-Asabre, J., Bray, L. D., Lytras, D., Psarianos, K., Bamicha, A., Kefalidi, E., Gemenetzis, G., Dervenis, C., Gouvas, N., Agalianos, C., Kontos, M., Kouraklis, G., Karousos, D., Germanos, S., Marinos, C., Anthoulakis, C., Nikoloudis, N., Mitroudis, N., Estupinian, S., Forno, W., Azmitia, J. R. A., Cabrera, C. C. R., Guevara, R., Aguilera, M., Mendez, N., Mendizabal, C. A. A., Ramazzini, P., Urquizu, M. C., Tale, F., Soley, R., Barrios, E., Rodriguez, D. E. M., Velasquez, C. I. P., Merida, S. M. C., Regalado, F., Lopez, M., Siguantay, M., Prasad, S. S., Kirishnan, A., Gyanchandani, N., Kumar, B. S., Rangarajan, M., Bhat, S., Sreedharan, A., Kinnera, S. V., Reddy, Y., Venugopal, C., Mittal, A., Nadkarni, S., Lakshmi, H. N., Malik, P., Limaye, N., Pai, S., Jain, P., Khajanchi, M., Satoskar, S., Satoskar, R., Mahamood, A. B., Rahmawati, F. N., Mayasari, M., Al-Hasani, R. K. M. J., Al-Hameedi, H. I. I., Ibraheem, H. I., Al-Azraqi, I. A. A., Sabeeh, L., Kamil, R., Telfah, M. M., Rasendran, A., Sheehan, J., Kerley, R., Normile, C., Gilbert, R. W., Song, J., Dablouk, M., Mauro, L., Dablouk, M. O., Kielty, P., Marks, E., Gosling, S., Mccarthy, M., Mirghani, D., Naqvi, S. A., Wong, C. S., Chung, S., D'Cruz, R., Cahill, R., Gosling, S. G., Fahy, C., Cadogan, D. D., Powell, A., Clifford, C., Driscoll, A., Paul, S., Lee, C., Bowe, R., Hutch, W., Mohan, H., O'Neill, M., Mealy, K., Danelli, P., Bondurri, A., Maffioli, A., Pasini, M., Pata, G., Roncali, S., Silvani, P., Carlucci, M., Faccincani, R., Bonavina, L., Macchitella, Y., Ceriani, C., Tugnoli, G., Saverio, S. D., Khattab, K., Paludi, M. A., Pata, D., Cloro, L. M., Allegri, A., Coccolini, F., Veronese, E., Bortolasi, L., Hasheminia, A., Nastri, G., Canto, M. D., Cucumazzo, S., Benevento, A., Tessera, G., Grandinetti, P. P., Maniscalco, A., Lamanna, G. L., Turati, L., Sgroi, G., Rausa, E., Villa, R., Monteleone, M., Merlini, D., Grassi, V., Cirocchi, R., Cacurri, A., Waleed, H., Diab, A., Elzowawi, F., Jokubauskas, M., Varkalys, K., Pranevicius, R., Ambrozeviciute, V., Juciute, S., Skardziukaite, A., Bradulskis, S., Urbanavicius, L., Austraite, A., Riauka, R., Dambrauskas, Z., Karumnas, P., Rudzenskaite, A., Usaityte, A., Montrimaite, M., Kaselis, N., Strazdas, A., Jokubonis, K., Maceviciute, K., Beisa, V., Strupas, K., Laugzemys, E., Kolosov, A., Jotautas, V., Rakita, I., Mikalauskas, S., Kazanavicius, D., Rackauskas, R., Rakauskas, R., Preckailaite, E., Coomber, R., Johnson, K., Nowers, J., Periasammy, D., Salleh, A., Das, A., Tze, R. G. E., Kumar, M. N., Abdullah, N. A. N., Kosai, N. R., Taher, M., Rajan, R., Chong, H. Y., Agius, M., Bezzina, M., Bugeja, R., Vella-Baldacchino, M., Spina, A., Psaila, J., Francois-Coridon, H., Tolg, C., Colombani, J. -F., Diaz-Zorrilla, C., Gonzalez, S. C. -D., Jacobe, M., Mapasse, D., Snyder, E., Oumer, R., Osman, M., Mohammad, A., Anyanwu, L. -J., Sheshe, A., Adesina, A., Faturoti, O., Taiwo, O., Ibrahim, M. H., Nasir, A. A., Suleiman, S. I., Adeniyi, A., Adesanya, O., Adebanjo, A., Osuoji, R., Atobatele, K., Ogunyemi, A., Williams, O., Oludara, M., Oshodi, O., Lawal, A. O., Alakaloko, F., Elebute, O., Osinowo, A., Bode, C., Adesuyi, A., Tade, A., Adekoya, A., Nwokoro, C., Ayandipo, O. O., Lawal, T. A., Ajao, A. E., Ali, S. S., Odeyemi, B., Olori, S., Popoola, A., Adeyeye, A., Adeniran, J., Lossius, W. J., Havemann, I., Thorsen, K., Narvestad, J. K., Wold, T. B., Nymo, L., Elsiddig, M., Dar, M., Bhopal, K. F., Iftikhar, Z., Furqan, M. M., Nighat, B., Jawaid, M., Khalique, A., Zil-E-Ali, A., Rashid, A., Dharamshi, H. A., Naqvi, T., Faraz, A., Anwar, A. W., Yaseen, T. M., Shamsi, G. S., Anwer, W., Decoud, H. P., Aguilera, O., Alvarez, I. I. Z., Delgado, J. M., Vega, G. M. M., Lohse, H. A. S., Aguilar, W. L. M., Chiong, J. A. C., Bautista, A. C. M., Huaman, E., Zegarra, S., Camacho, R., Celis, J. M. V., Pozo, D. A. R., Hamasaki, J., Temoche, E., Herrera-Matta, J., Torres, C. P. G., Barreda, L. M. A., Ojeda, R. R. B., Garaycochea, O., Mollo, M. C., De Fa Tima Linares Delgado, M. S., Fujii, F., Durand, S. Y. A., Basto, C. A. A., Rojas, N. M. U., Yip, S. B. S., Vergara, A. L. C., Moran, A. E. R., Luque, G. B., Castro, M. R., Jaramillo, R. A., Sila, G. M., Lopez, C. E., De Leon, M. Z. P., Machaca, M., Huaraya, R. C., Arenas, A., Puma, C. M. H., Pino, W., Hinojosa, C., Limache, S., Rodriguez, L. -A. M., Melo, R., Costa-Maia, J., Muralha, N., Sauvat, F., Dan, I., Hogea, M., Eduard, P., Bratu, R. -M., Beuran, M., Diaconescu, I. -B., Martian, B. -V., Iordache, F. -M., Vartic, M., Vida, L. C., Muntean, L. I., Mironescu, A. S., Nsengimana, V. J. P., Niragire, A., De La Croix Allen Ingabire, J., Niyirera, E., Zanini, N., Jovine, E., Landolfo, G., Alomar, I. N., Alnuqaydan, S. A., Altwigry, A. M., Othman, M., Osman, N., Alqahtani, E., Alzahrani, M., Alyami, R., Aljohani, E., Alhabli, I., Mikwar, Z., Almuallem, S., Nawawi, A., Bakhaidar, M., Maghrabi, A. A., Aljiffry, M., Altaf, A., Khoja, A., Habeebullah, A., Akeel, N., Ghandora, N., Almoflihi, A., Huwait, A., Al-Shammari, A., Al-Mousa, M., Alghamdi, M., Adham, W., Albeladi, B., Alfarsi, M. A., Mahdi, A., Awwad, S. A., Nouh, T., Hassanain, M., Aldhafeeri, S., Sadig, N., Algohary, O., Aledrisy, M., Alrifaie, A., Alrowais, M., Althwainy, A., Shabkah, A., Alamoudi, U., Alrajraji, M., Alghamdi, B., Aljohani, S., Daqeeq, A., Al-Faifi, J. J., Jennings, V., Ngayu, N., Moore, R., Kong, V., Kretzmann, H., Connor, K., Nel, D., Sampson, C., Panieri, E., Sishuba, N., Tun, M., Mphatsoe, A. M., Carreira, J. -A., Wagener, M., Botes, S., Plessis, D. D., Fernandez-Bueno, F., Aguilar-Jimenez, J., Garcia-Marin, J. A., Garcia, L. S., Florez, L. J. G., Pacheco, R. D. A., Pagnozzi, J., Quezada, J. H. J., Rodicio, J. L., Minguez, G., Rodriguez-Uria, R., Ugalde, P., Lopez-Arevalo, C., Barneo, L., Stuva, J. P. G., Rodriguez, L., Herrera, N., Arachchi, P. P., Senanayake, W. S. M. K. J., Arachchige, L. A. J. J., Sivaganesh, S., Samaraweera, D. I., Thanusan, V., Ali, H., Elabdin, H. Z., Mahdi, S., Ahmed, H., Idris, S. A. I., Elsayed, M., Mahmoud, M., Gustafsson, U., Kiasat, A., Wogensen, F., Jurdell, E., Thorell, A., Thorarinsdottir, H., Utter, M., Sundstrom, S. M., Wredberg, C., Kjellin, A., Nyberg, J., Frisk, B., Sund, M., Andersson, L., Gunnarsson, U., Cengiz, Y., Ahlqvist, S., Bjorklund, I., Royson, H., Weber, P., Pahlsson, H. -I., Borin, E., Hjertberg, M., Schmid, R., Schivo, D., Despotidis, V., Breitenstein, S., Staerkle, R. F., Schadde, E., Deichsel, F., Gerosa, A., Nocito, A., Mijuskovic, B., Zuber, M., Eisner, L., Kruspi, S., Reinisch, K. B., Schoewe, C., Novak, A., Palma, A. F., Teufelberger, G., Kimaro, M., King, R., Balkan, A. Z. A., Gumar, M., Yavuz, M. A., Karabacak, U., Lap, G., Ozkan, B. B., Karakahya, M., Adams, R., Morton, R., Henderson, L., Gratton, R., Clement, K. D., Chang, K. Y. -C., Mcnish, D., Mcintosh, R., Milligan, W., Skelly, B., Anderson-Knight, H., Lawther, R., Onimowo, J., Shatkar, V., Tharmalingam, S., Woin, E., Fautz, T., Ziff, O., Dindyal, S., Arman, S., Talukder, S., Gadhvi, V., Chew, L. S., Heath, J., Blencowe, N., Hallam, S., Mannu, G. S., Zachariades, D. -C., Snaith, A. C., Hettiarachchi, T. S., Nesaratnam, A., Wheeler, J., Mccullagh, D., Clements, J. M., Khan, A., Koumpa, F., Neophytou, C., Roth, J., Soon, W. C., Deputy, M., Ahmed, A., Ashton, A., Vincent, J., Almy, J., Khan, T., Allen, J. L. Y., Mcintyre, C. J., Marshall, D. C., Sykes, M., Behar, N., Jordan, H., Rajjoub, Y., Sherman, T., White, T., Watts, A., Ardley, R., Arulampalam, T., Shah, A., Brown, D., Blower, E., Sutton, P., Gasteratos, K., Vimalachandran, D., Magee, C., Mcguigan, A., Mcaleer, S., Morgan, C., Braungart, S., Lafferty, K., Labib, P., Tanase, A., Mangan, C., Reza, L., Woodward, H., Gouldthorpe, C., Turner, M., Wild, J. R. L., Malik, T. A. M., Proctor, V. K., Hewage, K., Davies, J., Dubois, A., Sarwary, S., Zardab, A., Grant, A., Mcintyre, R., Mogan, Y. P., Ho, W., Chong, B. F. H. K., Tewari, S., Humm, G., Farinella, E., Hall, N. J., Wright, N. J., Major, C. P., Xerri, T., De Bono, P., Amin, J., Farhad, M., Camilleri-Brennan, J. F., Robertson, A. G. N., Swann, J., Richards, J., Jabbar, A., Attard, M., Burns, H., Macdonald, E., Baldacchino, M., Skehan, J., Camilleri-Brennan, J., Hall, T. F., Gimzewska, M., Mclachlan, G., Shah, J., Giles, J., Chiu, S., Weber, B., Chiu, S. M. Y., Highcock, S., Hassan, M., Beasley, W., Vlachogiorgos, A., Dias, S., Maharaj, G., Mcdonald, R., Macdonald, A., Witherspoon, P., Baird, A., Sarmah, P., Green, N., Youssef, H., Cross, K., Rees, C. M., Van Duren, B., Upchurch, E., Khan, K., Abudeeb, H., Hammad, A., Karandikar, S., Bowley, D., Karim, A., Chachulski, W., Richardson, L., Dawnay, G., Thompson, B., Mistry, A., Bhangu, A., Ghetia, M., Roy, S., Al-Obaedi, O., Das, K., Prabhudesai, A., Cocker, D. M., Tan, J. J., Tyler, R., Franco, F. D., Ayyar, S., Vivekanantham, S., Gokani, S., Gillespie, M., Gudlaugsdottir, K., Pezas, T., Currow, C., Kim, M. Y. -H., Birring, A., Edwards, J., Das, S., Jha, M., Atkinson, K., Luck, J., Fozard, T., Puttick, M., Salama, Y., Shah, R., Ibrahem, A. A., Ebdewi, H., Gravante, G., El-Rabaa, S., Nnajiuba, H., Allott, R., Bhargava, A., Chan, Z., Hassan, Z., Makinde, M., Hemingway, D., Dean, R., Boddy, A., Aber, A., Patel, V., Parakh, J., Parthiban, S., Ubhi, H. K., Hosein, S. -P., Ward, S., Malik, K., Jennings, L., Newton, T., Alkhouri, M., Kang, M. K., Houlden, C., Barry, J., Raza, I., Farquharson, A., Bhattacharya, S., Wilson, M. S. J., Neo, Y. N., Ibrahim, I., Chan, E., Peck, F. S., Lim, P. J., North, A. S., Blundell, R., Williamson, A., Fouad, D., Minocha, A., Mccarthy, K., Court, E., Chambers, A., Yee, J., Tham, J. C., Beaton, C., Walsh, U., Lockey, J., Bokhari, S., Howells, L., Griffiths, M., Yallop, L., Singh, S., Nasher, O., Jackson, P., Shariffuddin, A. M., Ho, W. C., Pabla, G., Ramzi, S., Zeidan, S., Doughty, J., Sinha, S., Davenport, R., Lewis, J., Duffy, L., Mcaleer, E., Williams, E., Som, R., Javed, O., Boal, M., Harrison, N., Tafazal, H., Brogden, T., Griffiths, E., Obute, R. D., Glover, T. E., Clark, D. J., Boshnaq, M., Akhtar, M., Capleton, P., Doughan, S., Rabie, M., Mohamed, I., Samuel, D., Dickson, L., Kennedy, M., Dempster, E., Brown, E., Maple, N., Monaghan, E., Wolf, B., Garland, A., Mcphee, A., Anderson, D., Anderson, R., Hassan, S., Smith, D., Lund, J., Boereboom, C., Murphy, J., Tierney, G., Tou, S., Zimmermann, E. F., Smart, N. J., Warwick, A. M., Stasinou, T., Daniels, I., Findlay-Cooper, K., Mitrasinovic, S., Ray, S., Varcada, M., D'Souza, R., Omara, S., Spurr, M., Parkinson, L., Hanks, A., Ma, J., Abington, E., Ramcharn, M., Williams, G., Winstanley, J., Kennedy, E. D., Yeung, E. N. W., Fergusson, S. J., Jones, C., Lim, S. J., Liew, I., Nair, H., Fairfield, C., Koh, S., Wilson, A., Anandkumar, D., Kirupagaran, A., Jones, T. F., Torrance, H. D., Fowler, A. J., Chandrakumar, C., Patel, P., Ashraf, S. F., Lakhani, S. M., Mclean, A. L., Basson, S., Batt, J., Bowman, C., Benons, N., Mason, C., Harrison, R., Quayle, J., Barker, T., Summerour, V., Harper, E., Smith, C., Hampton, M., Pitt, S. K., Ward, A. E., O'Connor, T., Heywood, E. G., Drake, T. M., Chowdhury, A., Hossaini, S., Watson, N. F., Mckechnie, D., Farah, A., Chun, A., Koh, H., Lim, G., Sunderland, G., Gould, L., Munipalle, P. C., Rooney, H., Browning, D. R. L., Pereira, B., Nemeth, K., Decker, E., Giuliani, S., Shalaby, A., Shaikh, S., Tan, C. Y., Palkhi, E. Y. A., Szczap, A., Chidambaram, S., Chen, C. Y., Kulasabanathan, K., Chhabra, S., Kostov, E., Harbord, P., Barnacle, J., Palliyil, M. M., Zikry, M., Porter, J., Raslan, C., Hafiz, S., Soltani, N., Baillie, K., Singh, P., Sheth, S., Patel, K., Khalili, M., Choi, J., Benger, M., Marples, L., Macfarlane, A., Thurairaja, R., Boyce, T., Whewell, H., Jones, E., Th'Ng, F., Robertson, N., Mirza, A., Saeed, H., Galloway, S., Elena, G., Afzal, M., Zakir, M., Sodde, P., Hand, C., Sriram, A., Clark, T., Holton, P., Livesey, A., Sinha, Y., Iqbal, F. M., Bharj, I. S., Rotundo, A., Jenvey, C., Slade, R., Golding, D., Haines, S., Abdullah, A. A. N., Tilston, T. W., Loughran, D., Donoghue, D., Giacci, L., Sherif, M. A., Harrison, P., Tang, A., Kotecha, D., Elshaer, M., Urbonas, T., Riaz, A., Chapman, A., Acharya, P., Shalhoub, J., Grossart, C., Mcmorran, D., Mlotshwa, M., Hawkins, W., Loizides, S., Krishna, K., Orchard, M., Ho, C. W., Thomson, P., Khan, S., Taylor, F., Shukla, J., Howie, E. E., Macdonald, L., Komolafe, O., Mcintyre, N., Cragg, J., Parker, J., Stewart, D., Lintin, L., Tracy, J., Farooq, T., Molina, G., Kaafarani, H., Beyene, R., Sava, J., Scott, M., Swaroop, M., Kennedy, R., Azodo, I. A., Heffernan, D., Chun, T., Stephen, A., Sion, M., Weinstein, M. S., Punja, V., Bugaev, N., Goodstein, M., Razmdjou, S., Etchill, E., Puyana, J. C., Kesinger, M., Napolitano, L., To, K., Hemmila, M., Todd, O., Jenner, E., Hoogakker, E., Grizhja, B., Ymeri, S., Galiqi, G., Klappenbach, R., Antezana, D., Beleno, A. E. M., Costa, C., Sanchez, B., Aviles, S., Fermani, C. G., Balmaceda, R., Villalobos, S., Carmona, J. M., Hamill, D., Deutschmann, P., Sandler, S., Cox, D., Nataraja, R., Sharpin, C., Ljuhar, D., Gray, D., Haines, M., Niranjan, N., Ashtari, M., Franco, H., Karim, S., Aman, N. F., Estee, M. M., Salma, U., Razzaque, J., Kanta, T. H., Tori, S. A., Alamin, S., Amin, S. A., Karim, R., Haque, M., Faruq, A., Iftekhar, F., O'Shea, M., Padmore, G., Jonnalagadda, R., Litvin, A., Filatau, A., Paulouski, D., Shubianok, M., Shachykava, T., Khokha, D., Khokha, V., Djivoh, F., Ismail, L., Dossou, F., Seto, D. M., Gbessi, D. G., Noukpozounkou, B., Keke, K. R., Hodonou, F., Ahounou, E. Y. S., Alihonou, T., Denakpo, M., Ahlonsou, G., Bedada, A. G., Nsengiyumva, C., Kwizera, S., Barendegere, V., Choi, P., Jamal, L., Chen, T. -L., Yip, C., Zapata, F., Lanau, M. I. V., Restrepo, I. M., Giraldo, R. S. R., Youssef, M., Thabet, W., Sanad, A., Zaki, A., Abdel-Hameed, N., Mostafa, M., Omar, M. F. W., Ghanem, A., Denewar, A., Emara, E., Rashad, E., Elashry, R., Emile, S., Khafagy, T., Elhamouly, S., Elfarargy, A., Mohamed, A. M., Nagy, G. S., Esam, A., Elwy, E., Khallaf, S., Ibrahim, E., Saidbadr, A., Moustafa, A., Mohammed, A. E., Elgheriany, M., Abdelmageed, E., Raouf, E. A. A., Elbanby, E. S., Elmasry, M., Farahat, M. M., Mansor, E. Y., Hegazy, E. M., Gamal, E., Gamal, H., Kandil, H., Abdelrouf, D. M., Moaty, M., Gamal, D., El-Sagheer, N., Salah, M., Magdy, S., Salah, A., Essam, A., Badawy, M., Ahmed, S., Mohamed, M., Assal, A., Sleem, M., Ebidy, M., Elrazek, A. A., Zahran, D., Adam, N., Nazir, M., Hassanein, A. B., Ismail, A., Elsawy, A., Mamdouh, R., Mabrouk, M., Ahmed, L. A. M., Alnaby, M. H., Magdy, E., Abd-Elmawla, M., Fahim, M., Mowafy, B., Mahmoud, M. I., Alkelani, M., El Gendy, N. H., Aboul-Naga, M. S., El-Din, R. A., Elgendy, A. H., Shalaby, M., Elsharkawy, A. A., Moghazy, M. E., Elbisomy, K. H., Shakshouk, H. A. G., Hamed, M. F., Ebidy, M. M., Adel, I., Omar, M. E., Ibrahim, M., Ghoneim, O., Hesham, O., Gamal, S., Hilal, K., Arafa, O., Awad, S. A., Salem, M., Elsherif, F. A., Elsabbagh, N., Aboelsoud, M. R., Rida, A. H. E. F., Hossameldin, A., Hany, E., Asar, Y. H., Anwar, N., Gadelkarim, M., Abdelhady, S., Morshedy, E. M., Saad, R., Soliman, N., Ezzat, E., Mohamed, A., Ibrahim, A., Fergany, A., Mohammed, S., Reda, A., Allam, Y., Saad, H. A., Abdelfatah, A., Fathy, A. M., El-Sehily, A., Kasem, E. A., Hassan, A. T. A., Mohammed, A. R., Saad, A. G., Hassaan, A., Elhoseny, G., Magdy, M., Elkhalek, E. A., Zakaria, Y., Ezzat, T., Dahab, A. A. E., Kelany, M., Arafa, S., Hassan, O. M. M., Sleem, A. S., Abdelbadeai, K., Abdullah, M. A., Lokman, M. A. A., Bahar, S., Abdelazeam, A. R., Adelshone, A., Hasnan, M. B., Zulkifli, A., Kamarulzamil, S. N. A., Latif, A., Adnan, A. B., Shaharuddin, S., Majid, A. H. H. A., Al-Marakby, D., Ismail, M. J. B., Basir, E. R. M., Ali, C. D. M., Ata, A. Y., Rezq, A., Sheta, A., Tariq, S., Sallam, A. E., Darwish, A. K. Z., Elmihy, S., Elhadry, S., Farag, A., Hajeh, H., Abdelaal, A., Aglan, A., Zohair, A., Essam, M., Moussa, O., El-Gizawy, E., Samy, M., Ali, S., Elhalawany, E., Ata, A., Halawany, M. E., Nashat, M., Soliman, S., Elazab, A., Abdelaziz, M. A., Ibrahim, K., Ibrahim, A. M., Gado, A., Eldeen, E. A., Loaloa, M. R., Abouzaid, A., Eldin, M. A. B., Hashad, E., Sroor, F., Gamil, D., Abdulhakeem, E. M., Zakaria, M., Mohamed, F., Abubakr, M., Ali, E., Magdy, H., Ramadan, M. T., Mohamed, M. A., Mansour, S., Amin, H. A. A., Mohamed, A. R., Saami, M., Elsayed, N. A. R., Mahmoud, S. M. E., Sayed, I. M. E., Shawky, M. Y., Salem, M. M., El-Din, S. A., Soliman, N. A., Talaat, M., Alaael-Dein, S., Elhusseiny, A. A. E., Abdullah, N., Elshaar, M., Ibraheem, A. A., Abdulaziz, H., Ismail, M. K., Madkor, M. H., Abdelaty, M., Abdel-Kader, S. M., Salah, O. M., Eldafrawy, M., Eldeeb, A. Z., Eid, M. M., Shwky, A., Badenjki, M. A., Soliman, A., Attar, S. M. A., Sayed, F., Sabour, F. A., Azizeldine, M. G., Shawqi, M., Hashim, A., Aamer, A., Abdelraouf, A. M., Abdelshakour, M., Mahmoud, B., Mahmoud, M. A., Qenawy, M., Rashed, A. M., Dahy, A., Sayed, M., Shamsedine, A. W., Mohamed, B., Saad, M. M., Bassit, K. A., El-Latif, N. K. A., Elzahed, N., El Kashash, A., Bekhet, N. M., Hafez, S., Gad, A., Maher, M. E., Elsameea, A. A., Sabe, A., Shahine, A., Dawood, K., Gaafar, S., Husseiny, R., Aboelmagd, O., Mesbah, N., Emadeldin, H., Meligy, A. A., Bekhet, A. H., Hasan, D., Alhady, K., Sabe, A. K., Elnajjar, M. A., Aboelella, M., Hamsho, W., Hassan, I., Saad, H., Abdelazim, G., Mahmoud, H., Wael, N., Kandil, A. M., Magdy, A., Elkholy, S. S., Adel, B. E., Dabbour, K., Elsherbiney, S., Mattar, O., Abdrabou, A. K., Aly, M. Y. M., Geuoshy, A., Elnagar, A., Abdelmotaleb, I., Saleh, A. A., Mahmoud, S., Tawfik, B. A., Ismail, S. A., Zakaria, E., Gad, M. O., Elhelbawy, M. S., Bassem, M., Maraie, N., Elhadary, N. M., Semeda, N., Mohamed, S. R., Bakry, H. M., Essam, A. A., Tarek, D., Ashour, K., Elhadad, A., Abdel-Aty, A., Rakha, I., Matter, S. M., Abdelhamed, R., Abdelkader, O., Soliman, Y., Farouk, S. A. M., Ibrahim, E. M., El-Taher, E., Badr, M. F. M., Elsemelawy, R., El-Sawy, A., Bakr, A., Al Rafati, A. A. R., Saar, S., Reinsoo, A., Seyoum, N., Worku, T., Fitsum, A., Tolonen, M., Parmentier, B., Dardenne, S., Robert, E., Maillot, B., Courboin, E., Hascoet, J., Kaci, A. A., Prudhomme, T., Ballouhey, Q., Grosos, C., Fourcade, L., Cecilia, T., Jean-Francois, C., Helene, F. -C., Delforge, X., Haraux, E., Dousset, B., Schiavone, R., Gaujoux, S., Marret, J. -B., Haffreingue, A., Rod, J., Renaux-Petel, M., Lecompte, J. -F., Breaud, J., Gastaldi, P., Taieb, C., Claire, R., Anis, E., Bustangi, N., Grella, M. G., Mariani, A., Broch, A., Kojo, A. T. T., Bandoh, D., Kyereh, M., Asumah, H., Appiah, E. K., Wondoh, P., Gyedu, A., Dally, C., Agbedinu, K., Amoah, M., Yifieyeh, A., Amoako-Boateng, M., Dayie, M., Hagan, R., Debrah, S., Ohene-Yeboah, M., Clegg-Lampety, J. -N., Etwire, V., Dakubo, J., Essoun, S., Bonney, W., Glover-Addy, H., Osei-Nketiah, S., Amoako, J., Adu-Aryee, N., Appeadu-Mensah, W., Bediako-Bowan, A., Dedey, F., Ekow, M., Akatibo, E., Yakubu, M., Kordorwu, H. E. K., Asare-Bediako, K., Tackie, E., Aaniana, K., Acquah, E., Opoku-Agyeman, R., Avoka, A., Kusi, K., Maison, K., Gyamfi, F. E., Barnabas, G. N., Abdul-Latif, S., Amoako, P. T., Davor, A., Dassah, V., Dagoe, E., Kwakyeafriyie, P., Akoto, E., Ackom, E., Mensah, E., Atkins, E. T., Coompson, C. L., Ivros, N., Ferousis, C., Kyriazanos, I., Barkolias, C., Tselos, A., Tzikos, G., Voulgaris, E., Stefanopoulos, A., Patoulias, I., Sfougaris, D., Valioulis, I., Balalis, D., Korkolis, D., Manatakis, D. K., Kyrou, G., Karabelias, G., Papaskarlatos, I. -A., Konstantina, K., Zampitis, N., Papailia, A., Theodosopoulos, T., Gkiokas, G., Mitroudi, M., Panteli, C., Feidantsis, T., Farmakis, K., Kyziridis, D., Ioannidis, O., Parpoudi, S., Parasyris, S., Margaritis, M., Aguilera-Arevalo, M. -L., Coyoy-Gaitan, O., Rosales, J., Tale, L., Rodriguez, S. T. T., Galvez, C. P., Cruz, D. H., Rosenberg, G. S., Matheu, A., Cohen, D. M., Paul, M., Charles, A., Lam, J. C. Y., Yeung, M. H. A., Fok, C. Y. J., Li, K. H. G., Lai, A. C. -H., Cheung, Y. H. E., Wong, H. Y., Leung, K. W., Lee, T. S. B., Lam, W. H., Dao, W., Kwok, S. H. -W., Chan, T. -Y. K., Ng, Y. K., Mak, T. W. C., Foo, C. C., Yang, J., Bhatnagar, A., Upadhyaya, V., Muddebihal, U., Dar, W., Janardha, K. C., Alexander, P., Aruldas, N., Adella, F. J., Rulie, A. S., Iskandar, F., Setiawan, J., Evajelista, C. V., Natalie, H., Suyadi, A., Gunawan, R., Karismaningtyas, H., Mata, L. P. S., Andika, F. F. A., Hasanah, A., Widiastini, T. A., Purwaningsih, N. A., Mukin, A. D. F., Rahmah, D. F., Nurqistan, H. D., Arsyad, H. M., Adhitama, N., Jeo, W. S., Sutandi, N., Clarissa, A., Gultom, P. A., Billy, M., Haloho, A., Johanna, N., Lee, F., Dorani, R. M. N. R., Glynn, M., Alherz, M., Goh, W., Shiwani, H. A., Sproule, L., Conlon, K. C., Bala, M., Kedar, A., Bianco, F., Steccanella, F., Gallo, G., Trompetto, M., Clerico, G., Papandrea, M., Sammarco, G., Sacco, R., Giavarini, L., Giglio, M. C., Bucci, L., Pagano, G., Sollazzo, V., Peltrini, R., Luglio, G., Birindelli, A., Mingrone, P., Selvaggi, F., Selvaggi, L., Pellino, G., Martino, N. D., Curletti, G., Aonzo, P., Galleano, R., Berti, S., Francone, E., Boni, S., Lorenzon, L., Lo Conte, A., Balducci, G., Confalonieri, G., Pesenti, G., Gavagna, L., Vasquez, G., Targa, S., Occhionorelli, S., Andreotti, D., Armellini, A., Chiesa, D., Aquilino, F., Chetta, N., Picciariello, A., Abdelkhalek, M., Belli, A., De Franciscis, S., Bigaran, A., Favero, A., Basso, S. M. M., Salusso, P., Perino, M., Mochet, S., Sasia, D., Riente, F., Migliore, M., Basilico, S., Corbellini, C., Lazzari, V., Angelieri, D., Coletta, D., Falaschi, F., Catani, M., Reali, C., Malavenda, M., Basso, C. D., Ribaldi, S., Coletti, M., Natili, A., Depalma, N., Iannone, I., Antoniozzi, A., Rossi, D., Gui, D., Perrotta, G., Ripa, M., Giardino, F. R., Foco, M., Vicario, E., Nita, G. E., Leone, N., Simioni, A., De Boni, D., Pasquali, S., Goldin, E., Vendramin, E., Ciccioli, E., Tedeschi, U., Violi, P., Campagnaro, T., Conci, S., Lazzari, G., Iacono, C., Gulielmi, A., Manfreda, S., Rinaldi, A., Ringressi, M. N., Brunoni, B., Salamone, G., Mangiapane, M., De Marco, P., Brocca, A. L., Tutino, R., Silvestri, V., Licari, L., Fontana, T., Falco, N., Cocorullo, G., Sileri, P., Arcudi, C., Bsisu, I., Aljboor, K., Abusalem, L., Alnusairat, A., Qaissieh, A., Al-Dakka, E., Ababneh, A., Halhouli, O., Yusufali, T., Mohammed, H., Lando, J., Parker, R., Ndegwa, W., Gribauskaite, J., Kuliavas, J., Dulskas, A., Samalavicius, N. E., Jasaitis, K., Parseliunas, A., Nevieraite, V., Slapelyte, E., Dainius, E., Subocius, A., Venclauskas, L., Gulbinas, A., Kasputyte, S., Mikuckyte, D., Kiudelis, M., Jankus, T., Petrikenas, S., Pazuskis, M., Urniezius, Z., Vilcinskas, M., Banaitis, V. J., Gaizauskas, V., Grisin, E., Mazrimas, P., Drungilas, M., Lagunavicius, K., Lipnickas, V., Majauskyte, D., Abaliksta, T., Uscinas, L., Simutis, G., Ladukas, A., Danys, D., Sruogiene, E. Z., Visinskas, P., Zilinskiene, R., Dragatas, D., Burmistrovas, A., Tverskis, Z., Vaicius, A., Mazelyte, R., Zadoroznas, A., Ziubryte, G., Rahantasoa, F. C. F. P., Samison, L. H., Rasoaherinomenjanahary, F., Tolotra, T. E. C., Mukuzunga, C., Kwatiwani, C., Msiska, N., Chai, F. Y., Asilah, S. M. D., Syibrah, K. Z., Chin, P. X., Riswan, N. Z., Chong, H. -Y., Aziz, N. A., Poh, K. -S., Chai, C. -A., Taher, M. M., Aziz, D. N. A., Julaihi, R., Jethwani, D. L., Yahaya, M. T., Mathew, S. W., Chung, K. J., Nirumal, M. K., Ali, S. A. W. E. W., Gan, Y. Y., Ting, J. R. S., Sii, S. S. Y., Koay, K. L., Tan, Y. K., Cheah, A. E. Z., Wong, C. Y., Mat, T. N. T., Chow, C. Y. N., Har, P. A. L., Der, Y., Henry, F., Low, X., Neo, Y. T., Heng, H. E., Kong, S. N., Gan, C., Mok, Y. T., Tan, Y. W., Palayan, K., Tata, M. D., Cheong, Y. J., Gunaseelan, K., Nasir, W. N. A. W. M., Yoganathan, P., Lee, E. X., Saw, J. E., Yeang, L. J., Koh, P. Y., Lim, S. Y., Teo, S. Y., Grech, N., Magri, D., Cassar, K., Mizzi, C., Falzon, M., Shaikh, N., Scicluna, R., Zammit, S., Mizzi, S., Brincat, S. D., Tembo, T., Le, V. T. H., Grima, T., Sammut, K., Carabott, K., Zarb, C., Navarro, A., Dimech, T., Camilleri, G. M., Bertuello, I., Dalli, J., Bonavia, K., Corro-Diaz, S., Manriquez-Reyes, M., Abdelhamid, A., Hrora, A., Benammi, S., Bachri, H., Abbouch, M., Boukhal, K., Bennai, R. M., Belkouchi, A., Jabal, M. S., Benyaiche, C., Vermaas, M., Duinhouwer, L., Pastora, J., Wood, G., Merlo, M. S., Abdurrazzaaq, A., Alada, M., Habeeb, O., Mendel, H., Bello, B., Muktar, U., Olajide, T. O., Oshati, O., Ihediwa, G., Adenekan, B., Nwinee, V., Olugbemi, M., Odutola, O., Adebola, O., Onuoha, C., Balogun, F., Ajai, O., Njokanma, I., Kache, S., Ajah, J., Makama, J., Adamu, A., Baba, S., Aliyu, M., Aliyu, S., Ukwenya, Y., Aliyu, H., Sholadoye, T., Daniyan, M., Ogunsua, O., Mshelbwala, P., Samson, G., Timothy, O. K., Samuel, S. A., Ajiboye, A., Amole, I., Abiola, O., Olaolorun, A., Veen, T., Kanani, A., Styles, K., Herikstad, R., Larsen, J. W., Soreide, J. A., Jensen, E., Gran, M., Aahlin, E. K., Gaarder, T., Monrad-Hansen, P. W., Naess, P. A., Lauzikas, G., Wiborg, J., Holte, S., Augestad, K. M., Banipal, G. S., Moe, T. T., Schultz, J. K., Al-Taher, T., Hamdan, A., Salman, A., Saadeh, R., Musleh, A., Jaradat, D., Abushamleh, S., Hanoun, S., Qumbos, A. A., Hamarshi, A., Taher, A. A., Qawasmi, I., Qurie, K., Altarayra, M., Ghannam, M., Shaheen, A., Herebat, A., Abdelhaq, A., Shalabi, A., Abu-Toyour, M., Asi, F., Shamasneh, A., Atiyeh, A., Zaa'Treh, R., Dabboor, M., Alaloul, E., Baraka, H., Meqbil, J., Al-Buhaisi, A., Elshami, M., Afana, S., Jaber, S., Alyacoubi, S., Abuowda, Y., Idress, T., Abuqwaider, E., Al-Saqqa, S., Bowabsak, A., El Jamassi, A., Hasanain, D., Al-Farram, H., Firwana, A., Hamdan, M., Awad, I., Ashour, A., Al Barrawi, F. E., Al-Khatib, A., Al-Faqawi, M., Fares, M., Elmashala, A., Adawi, M., Adawi, I., Khreishi, R., Ghaben, A., Nadeem, N., Saqlain, M., Abbasy, J., Alvi, A. R., Shahzad, N., Butt, M. T., Ul Razi, S. A., Niazi, A. K., Baluch, F., Raza, A., Bani-Sadar, A., Qureshi, A. U., Adil, M., Javaid, M., Waqar, M., Khan, M. A., Arshad, M. M., Amjad, M., Cardozo, J. T., Roche, M. O., Servin, G. R. P., Lopez, L. I. P., Cardozo, R. A. M., Espinoza, F., Rojas, A. D. P., Sanchez, D., Samaniego, C. S., Torres, S. G., Calua, A. C., Razuri, C., Ortiz, N., Rodriguez, X., Carrasco, N., Saravia, F., Miyasato, H. S., Valcarcel-Saldana, M., Bermudez, Y. E. A., Carpio, J., Panez, W. R., Orbegozo, P. A. T., Duenas, C. G., Espinoza, K. T., Barrantes, A. M. S., Bravo, J. A. C., Fuentes-Rivera, L., Fernandez, C., Malaga, B., Ye, J., Velasquez, R., Salcedo, J., Contreras-Vergara, A. L., Mejia, A. G. V., Montejo, M. S. G., Del Carmen Escalante Salas, M., Ticona, W. A., Vargas, M., Sila, G. C. M., Mas, R., Del Pilar Paucar, A., Velasquez, A. J. R., Robledo-Rabanal, A., Solis, L. A. Z., Hamaguchi, J. L. H., Farfan, E. S. F., Barrientos, L. A. M., Matta, J. J. H., Mora, J. J. V., Redota, M. A. P., Roxas, M. F., Mano, M. J. B., Parreno-Sacdalan, M. D., Lapitan, M. C., Almanon, C. L., Waldziak, M., Roszkowski, R., Janik, M., Lasek, A., Radkowiak, D., Rubinkiewicz, M., Fernandes, C., Popa, M., Mircea, H., Negoi, I., Ciubotaru, C., Ingabire, J. C. A., Mutabazi, A. Z., Uzabumwana, N., Duhoranenayo, D., Idris, F., Alghamdi, M. S. A., Alkaaki, A., Turkustani, S., Khalifah, E., Albiety, A., Sahel, S., Alshareef, R., Najjar, M., Alzahrani, A., Alghamdi, A., Alhazmi, W., Saied, G. A., Alamoudi, M., Riaz, M. M., Alhassan, B., Alyahya, R., Subaie, N. A., Bastawis, F. A., Khan, R., Radojkovic, M., Jeremic, L., Nestorovic, M., Law, J. H., Tan, K. S. K., Tan, R. C. K., Tan, J. K., Joel, L. W. L., Chan, X. W., Leong, F. Q. H., Chong, C. S., Lee, K. Y., Lee, K. C., Pluke, K., Dedekind, B., Nashidengo, P., Hampton, M. I., Joosten, J., Sobnach, S., Roodt, L., Sander, A., Pape, J., Maistry, N., Ndwambi, P., Kinandu, K., Toit, F. D., Ellison, Q., Burger, S., Grobler, D. C., Khulu, L. B., Leusink, A., Kariem, N., Gouws, J., Chu, K., Bougard, H., Noor, F., Dell, A., Van Straten, S., Khamajeet, A., Tshisola, S. K., Kabongo, K., Moodley, Y., Anderson, F., Madiba, T., Du Plooy, F., Hartford, L., Chilton, G., Karjiker, P., Mabitsela, M. E., Ndlovu, S. R., Badicel, M., Jaich, R., Ruiz-Tovar, J., Garcia-Florez, L., Otero-Diez, J. L., Perez, V. R., Suarez, N. A., Garcia, J. M., Moreno, S. C., Collado, M. V., Carneros, V. J., Septiem, J. G., Gonzalez, M., Picardo, A., Esteban, E., Ferrero, E., Espin-Basany, E., Blanco-Colino, R., Andriola, V., Contreras, E., Bernardo, C. G., Sanz, S., De Leon, A. M., Dorisme, A., Rodicio, J., Suarez, A., Vico, T. D., Fernandez-Vega, L., Soldevila-Verdeguer, C., Sena-Ruiz, F., Pujol-Cano, N., Diaz-Jover, P., Garcia-Perez, J. M., Segura-Sampedro, J. J., Pineno-Flores, C., Ambrona-Zafra, D., Craus-Miguel, A., Jimenez-Morillas, P., Mazzella, A., Jayathilake, A. B., Thalgaspitiya, S. P. B., Wijayarathna, L. S., Wimalge, P. M. S. N., Sanni, H. A., Okenabirhie, O., Homeida, A., Younis, A., Omer, O. A., Abdulaziz, M., Mussad, A., Adam, A., Sokratous, A., Breistrand, M., Sigurdadottir, J., Nikberg, M., Chabok, A., Elbe, P., Saraste, D., Rutkowski, W., Forlin, L., Niska, K., Oswald, D., Peros, G., Bluelle, R., Frey, D., Zumbuhl, L., Werder, G., Mahanty, S., Widmer, L. W., Muller, J., Gubeli, A., Zuk, G., Gulcicek, O. B., Vartanoglu, T., Kose, E., Karahan, S. R., Aydin, M. C., Sahbaz, N. A., Halicioglu, I., Alis, H., Sapci, I., Adiyaman, C., Pektas, A. M., Cengiz, T. B., Tansoker, I., Isler, V., Cevik, M., Mutlu, D., Ozben, V., Ozmen, B. B., Bayram, S., Yolcu, S., Kobal, B. B., Toto, O. F., Cakaloglu, H. C., Karabulut, K., Mutlu, V., Celik, S., Semiz, A., Bodur, S., Gul, E., Murutoglu, B., Yildirim, R., Baki, B. E., Arslan, E., Guner, A., Walker, N., Shrimanker, N., Cole, S., Breslin, R., Srinivasan, R., Hunter, K., Al-Bahrani, A., Mairs, N. G., Rocke, A., Dick, L., Qureshi, M., Chowdhury, D., Skerritt, C., Kufeji, D., Ho, A., Dissanayake, T., Tennakoon, A., Ali, W., Tan, C., O'Neill, S., Knight, S., Nassif, D., Sharma, A., White, R., Mehdi, A., Post, N., Kalakouti, E., Dashnyam, E., Stourton, F., Mykoniatis, I., Wong, F., Gupta, A., Kadiwar, S., Smedley, A., Wakefield, R., Herrod, P., Blackwell, J., Cohen, F., Bandi, A., Bond-Smith, G., Farhangmehr, N., Perenyei, M., Ireland, P., Bowling, K., Bunting, D., Longstaff, L., Keogh, K., Jeon, H., Iqbal, M. R., Khosla, S., Jeffery, A., Perera, J., Alhammali, T., Oram, S., Kidd, T., Cullen, F., Owen, C., Sarafilovic, H., Ploski, J., Evans, E., Abbas, A., Kamya, S., Ishak, N., Bisset, C., Andress, C., Chin, Y. R., Evans, D., Haslegrave, A., Boggon, A., Laurie, K., Mann, T., Nepogodiev, D., Mansuri, A., Davies, R., Shahbaz, A. R., Eng, C., Din, F., L'Heveder, A., Park, E. H. G., Ravishankar, R., Mcintosh, K., Yau, J. D., Chan, L., Mcgarvie, S., Tang, L., Lim, H., Yap, S., Park, J., Ng, Z. H., Mirza, S., Ang, Y. L., Walls, L., Roy, C., Paterson-Brown, S., Mclean, K., D'Souza, M. S., Pronin, S., Henshall, D. E., Ter, E. Z., English, W., Townsend, D., Maciejec, L., Akpenyi, O., Hall, E., Caydiid, H., Rob, Z., Abbott, T., Johnston, R., Gani, M. A., Rajmohan, S., Majid, K., Palliyil, M., Patel, S., Nicholson, L., Harvey, N., Shillito, S., Kershaw, S., Bamford, R., Orton, P., Reunis, E., Jama, G. M., Dhillon, D., Nanthakumaran, S., Heard, R., Chen, K. Y., Barmayehvar, B., Datta, U., Kamarajah, S. K., Tani, S. I., Donnelly, P., Walker, M., Blacker, S., Kaul, A., Paramasivan, A., Farag, S., Nessa, A., Awadallah, S., Lim, J., Ng, J. C. K., Kiran, R. P., Murray, A., Dasari, M., Haddad, N., Zielinski, M., Choudhry, A., Caliman, C., Beamon, M., Duane, T., Myers, J., Deal, R., Makupe, A., Musowoya, J., Der Naald, N. V., Kumwenda, D., Reece-Smith, A., Otten, K., Verbeek, A., Prins, M., Suarez, A. A. B., Deane, C., Dijan, E., Elfiky, M., Koskenvuo, L., Thollot, A., Limoges, B., Capito, C., Alexandre, C., Kotobi, H., Leroux, J., Pinnagoda, K., Henric, N., Azzis, O., Rosello, O., Francois, P., Etienne, S., Buisson, P., Hmila, S., Clegg-Lamptey, J. -N., Imoro, O., Abem, O. E., Papageorgiou, D., Soulou, V., Asturias, S., Pena, L., O'Connor, D. B., Luc, A. R., Russo, A. A., Ruzzenente, A., Taddei, A., Cona, C., Bottini, C., Pascale, G., Rotunno, G., Solaini, L., Pascale, M. M., Notarnicola, M., Corbellino, M., Sacco, M., Ubiali, P., Cautiero, R., Bocchetti, T., Muzio, E., Guglielmo, V., Morandi, E., Mao, P., De Luca, E., Ali, F. M., Kondrotas, P., Baltrunas, R., Kutkevicius, J., Ignatavicius, P., Tan, C. L., Siaw, J. Y., Yam, S. Y., Wilson, L., Aziz, M. R. A., Bondin, J., Zorrilla, C. D., Majbar, A., Sale, D., Abdullahi, L., Osagie, O., Faboya, O., Fatuga, A., Taiwo, A., Nwabuoku, E., Bliksoen, M., Khan, Z. A., Coronel, J., Miranda, C., Vasquez, I., Helguero-Santin, L. M., Rickard, J., Adedeji, A., Alqahtani, S., Rath, M., Van Niekerk, M., Koto, M. Z., Matos-Puig, R., Israelsson, L., Schuetz, T., Yuksek, M. A., Mericliler, M., Ulusahin, M., Yong, G. L., Whitehurst, K., Redgrave, N., Musyoka, C. K., Olivier, J., Lee, K., Cox, M., Farhan-Alanie, M. M. H., Callan, R., Chibuye, C., Ali, T. H. A., Rekhis, S., Rommaneh, M., Sam, Z. H., Chen, J. H. C., Roi, D., Pugliesi, T. B., Pardo, G., Blanco, R., Escobar, E. G., Sutanto, E. P. R., Soeselo, D. A., Tedjaatmadja, C., Boijsen, M., Lundgren, P. -O., Mentula, P., Leppaniemi, A., Sallinen, V., Lam, F. Y., Szeto, K. J. -Y., Szeto, C. C. L., Li, W. S., Li, K. K. K., Leung, M. F., Mak, T., Ng, S., Musa, A. E. K., Balila, R. M. H., Mohamed, M. A. E. H., GlobalSurg Collaborative, SOLAINI LEONARDO, Glasbey, James C, Adisa, Adewale O, Costas‐Chavarri, Ainhoa, Qureshi, Ahmad U, Allen‐Ingabire, Jean C, Salem, Hosni Khairy, Kojo, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy, Tabiri, Stephen, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Lilford, Richard J, Harrison, Ewen M, Pinkney, Thomas D, Smart, Neil, Bhangu, Aneel, Verjee, Azmina, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Glasbey, Jame, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Aguilera, Maria Lorena, Altamini, Afnan, Alexander, Philip, Al‐Saqqa, Sara W, Borda‐Luque, Giuliano, Cornick, Jen, Drake, Thomas M, Fergusson, Stuart J, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Ingabire, J.C Allen, Ismaïl, Lawani, Jaffry, Zahra, Khatri, Chetan, Kirby, Andrew, Lapitan, Marie Carmela, Lilford, Richard, Mihaljevic, Andre L, Mohan, Midhun, Morton, Dion, Mutabazi, Alphonse Zeta, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Ots, Riinu, Pata, Francesco, Pinkney, Thoma, Poškus, Toma, Qureshi, Ahmad Uzair, Medina, Antonio Ramos‐De, Rayne, Sarah, Recinos, Gustavo, Søreide, Kjetil, Shaw, Catherine A, Shu, Sebastian, Spence, Richard, Gobin, Neel, Freitas, Ana Vega, Hall, Nigel, Kim, Sung‐Hee, Negida, Ahmed, Khairy, Hosni, Chapman, Stephen J, Arnaud, Alexis P, Manipal, Cutting Edge, Amandito, Radhian, Shawki, Marwan, Hanrahan, Michael, Zilinskas, Justa, Roslani, April Camilla, Goh, Cheng Chun, Irwin, Gareth, Luque, Laura, Shiwani, Hunain, Altamimi, Afnan, Alsaggaf, Mohammed Ubaid, Jeyakumar, Jenifa, Cengiz, Yucel, Raptis, Dmitri A, Modolo, Maria Marta, Iyer, Dushyant, King, Sebastian, Arthur, Tom, Nahar, Sayeda Nazmum, Waterman, Ade, Walsh, Michael, Agarwal, Arnav, Zani, Augusto, Firdouse, Mohammed, Rouse, Tyler, Liu, Qinyang, Correa, Juan Camilo, Talving, Peep, Worku, Mengistu, Arnaud, Alexi, Kalles, Vassili, Kumar, Basant, Kumar, Sunil, Quek, Roy, Ansaloni, Luca, Altibi, Ahmed, Venskutonis, Donata, Poskus, Toma, Whitaker, John, Msosa, Vanessa, Tew, Yong Yong, Farrugia, Alexia, Borg, Elaine, Bentounsi, Zineb, Gala, Tanzeela, Al‐Slaibi, Ibrahim, Tahboub, Haya, Alser, Osaid H., Romani, Diego, Shu, Sebestian, Major, Piotr, Mironescu, Aurel, Bratu, Matei, Kourdouli, Amar, Ndajiwo, Aliyu, Altwijri, Abdulaziz, Gudal, Ahmad, Jubran, Al Faifi, Seisay, Sam, Lieske, Bettina, Ortega, Irene, Senanayake, Kithsiri J., Abdulbagi, Omar, Raptis, Dmitri, Altinel, Yuksel, Kong, Chia, Teasdale, Ella, Stoddart, Michael, Kabariti, Rakan, Suresh, Sukrit, Gash, Katherine, Narayanan, Ragavan, Maimbo, Mayaba, Fermani, Claudio, Balmaceda, Ruben, Macdermid, Ewan, Chenn, Roxanne, Yong, Cheryl Ou, Edye, Michael, Jarmin, Martin, D'amours, Scott K, Youssef, Daniel, Phillips, Nichola, Brown, Jason, George, Robert, Koh, Cherry, Warren, Oliver, Hanley, Isaac, Dickfos, Marilla, Nawara, Clemen, Öfner, Dietmar, Primavesi, Florian, Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman, Mahmud, Khalid, Hussain, Margub, Hakim, Hafiz, Kumar, Tapan, Oosterkamp, Antje, Assouto, Pamphile A, Lawani, Ismail, Souaibou, Yacoubou Imorou, Tun, Aung Kyaw, Chong, Chean Leung, Devadasar, Giridhar H, Qadir, Muhammad Rashid Minha, Aung, Kyaw Phyo, Yeo, Lee Shi, Castillo, Vanessa Dina Palomino, Munhoz, Monique Moron, Moreira, Gisele, De Castro Segundo, Luiz Carlos Barro, Ferreira, Salim Anderson Khouri, Careta, Maíra Cassa, Kim, Stella Binna, De Sousa, Alexandre Venancio, Cury, Alyne Daltri Lazzarini, Miguel, Gustavo Peixoto Soare, De Freitas, Ana Vega Carreiro, Guasti, Barbara Pereira Silvestre Julia, Vianna, Pinto, Felipe, Carolina Oliveira, Laufer, Luis Alberto Valente, Altoe, Fernanda, Da Silva, Luana Ayre, Pimenta, Marina Luiza, Giuriato, Thiago Fernande, Morais, Paulo Alves Bezerra, Araujo, Jessica Souza Luiz Rafael, Menegussi, Juliana, Leal, Marisa, Lima, Caio Vinícius Barroso, Tatagiba, Luiza Sarmento, Leal, Antônio, Santos, Diogo Viniciu, Fraga, Gustavo Pereira, Simoes, Romeo Lage, Stock, Simon, Nigo, Samuel, Kabba, Juana, Ngwa, Tagang Ebogo, Brown, Jame, Azzie, George, Kushwaha, Sameer, Bailey, Karen, Cameron, Brian, Livingston, Michael, Horobjowsky, Alexandre, Deckelbaum, Dan L, Razek, Tarek, Marinkovic, Bori, Grasset, Eugenio, D'aguzan, Nicole, Jimenez, Julio, Macchiavello, Roberto, Zhang, Zhongtao, Guo, Wei, Oh, Junyeong, Zheng, Fei, Montes, Irene, Sierra, Sebastian, Mendez, Manuela, Villegas, Maria Isabel, Arango, Maria Clara Mendoza, Mendoza, Ivan, Naranjo Aristizã¡bal, Fred Alexander, Botero, Jaime Andres Montoya, Riaza, Victor Manuel Quintero, Restrepo, Jakeline, Morales, Carlo, Cruz, Herman, Munera, Alejandro, Karlo, Robert, Domini, Edgar, Mihanovic, Jakov, Radic, Mihael, Zamarin, Kresimir, Pezelj, Nikica, Hache‐Marliere, Manuel, Lemaire, Sylvia Batista, Rivas, Ruben, Khyrallh, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahamed, Shimy, Gamal, Baky Fahmy, Mohamed A, Nabawi, Ayman, Elfil, Mohamed, Ghoneem, Mohamed, Gohar, Muhammad El‐Saied Ahmad Muhammad, Asal, Mohamed, Abdelkader, Mostafa, Gomah, Mahmoud, Rashwan, Hayssam, Karkeet, Mohamed, Gomaa, Ahmed, Hasan, Amr, Elgebaly, Ahmed, Saleh, Omar, Fattah, Ahmad Abdel, Gouda, Abdullah, Elshafay, Abd Elrahman, Gharib, Abdalla, Menshawy, Ahmed, Hanafy, Mohammed, Al‐Mallah, Abdullah, Abdulgawad, Mahmoud, Baheeg, Mohamad, Alhendy, Mohammed, AbdelFattah, Ibrahim, Kenibar, Abdalla, Osman, Omar, Gemeah, Mostafa, Mohammed, Ahmed, Adel, Abdalrahman, Mohammed, Abdelrahman, Sayed, Abdelrahman, Abozaid, Mohamed, Kotb, Ahmed Hafez El‐Badri, Ata, Ali Amin Ahmed, Nasr, Mohammed, Alkammash, Abdelrahman, Saeed, Mohammed, El Hamid, Nader Abd, Attia, Attia Mohamed, El Galeel, Ahmed Abd, Elbanby, Eslam, El‐Dien, Khalid Salah, Hantour, Usama, Alahmady, Omar, Mansour, Billal, Elkorashy, Amr Muhammad, Taha, Emad Mohamed Saeed, Lasheen, Kholod Tarek, Elkolaly, Salma Said, Abdel‐Wahab, Nehal Yosri Elsayed, Abozyed, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi, Adel, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed Moustafa, El Sayed, Gehad Samir, Youssif, Jehad Hassan, Ahmed, Soliman Magdy, El‐Shahat, Nermeen Soubhy, Khedr, Abd El‐Rahman Hegazy, Elsebaaye, Abdelrhman Osama, Elzayat, Mohamed, Abdelraheim, Mohamed, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Warda, Mahmoud, El Deen, Khaled Naser, Elnemr, Abdelrhman Essam, Salah, Omar, Abbas, Mohamed, Rashad, Mona, Elzayyat, Ibrahim, Hemeda, Dalia, Tawfik, Gehad, Salama, Mai, Khaled, Hazem, Seisa, Mohamed, Elshaer, Kareem, Hussein, Abdelfatah, Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud, Afifi, Ahmed Mohamed, Ebrahim, Osama Saadeldeen, Metwally, Mahmoud Mohamed, Elmelegy, Rowida, Elsawahly, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary, Safa, Hisham, Nofal, Eman, Elbermawy, Mohamed, Ghazy, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb, Samih, Hisham, Abdelgelil, Asmaa, Abdelghany, Sarah, El Kholy, Ahmed, Aboraya, Metwally, Elkady, Fatma, Salma, Mahmoud, Samy, Sarah, Fakher, Reem, Aboarab, Aya, Samir, Ahmed, Sakr, Ahmed, Haroun, Abdelrahman, Al‐Aarag, Asmaa Abdel‐Rahman, Elkholy, Ahmed, Elshanwany, Sally, Ghanem, Esraa, Tammam, Ahmed, Hammad, Ali Mohamed, El Shoura, Yousra, El Ashal, Gehad, Antar, Sarah, Mehrez, Sara, Abdelshafy, Mahmoud, Hamad, Maha Gamal Mohamad, Hosh, Mona, Abdallah, Emad, Magdy, Basma, Alzayat, Thuraya, Gamaly, Elsayed, Elfeki, Hossam, Abouzahra, Amany, Elsheikh, Shereen, Elgendy, Fatimah I, El‐Salam, Fathia Abd, Seifelnasr, Osama, Ammar, Mohamed, Eysa, Athar, Sadek, Aliaa, Toeema, Aliaa Gamal, Nasr, Aly, Abuseif, Mohamed, Zidan, Hagar, Barakat, Sara Abd Elmageed, Elsayed, Nadin, Elrasoul, Yasmin Abd, Elkelany, Ahmed, Ammar, Mohamed Sabry, Mustafa, Mennat‐Allah, Hegazy, Yasmin, Etman, Mohamed, Saad, Samar, Alrahawy, Mahmoud, Raslan, Ahmed, Morsi, Mahmoud, Rslan, Ahmed, Sabry, Ahmed, Elwakil, Hager, Shaker, Heba, Abd‐Elrasoul, Yasmin, El‐Kashef, Hussein, Shaalan, Mohamed, Tarek, Areej, Elwan, Ayman, Nayel, Ahmed Ragab, Seif, Mostafa, Emadeldin, Doaa, Ghonaim, Mohamed Ali, Almallah, Ahmad, Fouad, Ahmed, Sayma, Eman Adel, Elbatahgy, Ahmad, El‐Ma'doul, Angham Solaiman, Mosad, Ahmed, Tolba, Hager, Elsorogy, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin, Mostafa, Hassan Ali, Omar, Amira Atef, El Hameed, Ola Sherief Abd, Lasheen, Ahmed, El Salam, Yasser Abd, Morsi, Ashraf, Ismail, Mohammed, El‐badawy, Hager Ahmed, Amer, Mohamed A, El‐Hamouly, Ahmed Sabry, Attallah, Noura A., Mosalum, Omnia, Afandy, Ahmed, Mokhtar, Ahmed, Abouelnasr, Alaa, Ayad, Sara, Shaker, Ramdan, Sakr, Rokia, Shaker, Ramadan, Amreia, Mahmoud, Elsobky, Soaad, Mustafa, Mohamed, El Magd, Ahmed Abo, Marey, Abeer, Hafez, Amr Tarek, Zalabia, Mohamed F, Mohamed, Mohamed Moamen, Fadel, Amr, Ahmed, Emad Ali, Ali, Ahmad, Alwafai, Mohammad Ghassan, Dwydar, Abdullah, Kharsa, Sara, Mamdouh, Ehab, El‐Sheemy, Hatem, AlYoussef, Ibrahim, Aly, Abouelatta Khairy, Aldalaq, Ahmad, Alnawam, Ehab, Alkhabbaz, Dalia, Saad, Mahmoud, Hussein, Shady, Elazayem, Ahmed Abo, Meshref, Ahmed, Elashmawy, Marwa, Mousa, Mohammed, Nashaat, Ahmad, Ghanem, Sara, Elsayed, Zaynab M, Elwaey, Aya, Elkadsh, Iman, Darweesh, Mariam, Mohameden, Ahmed, Hafez, Mennaallah, Badr, Ahmed, Badwy, Assmaa, El Slam, Mohamed Abd, Elazoul, Mohamed, Al‐Nahrawi, Safwat, Eldamaty, Lotfy, Nada, Fathee, Ameen, Mohamed, Hagar, Aya, Elsehimy, Mohamed, Aboraya, Mohammad, Dawoud, Hossam, El Mesery, Shorouk, El Gendy, Abeer, Abdelkareem, Ahmed, Marey, Ahmed Safwan, Allam, Mostafa, Shehata, Sherif, Abozeid, Khaled, Elshobary, Marwa, Fahiem, Ahmed, Sarsik, Sameh, Hashish, Amel, Zidan, Mohamed, Hashish, Mohamed, Aql, Shaimaa, Elhendawy, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz, Husseini, Mohamed, Kasem, Esraa, Gheith, Ahmed, Elfouly, Yasmin, Soliman, Ahmed Ragab, Ibrahim, Yasmein, Elfouly, Nesma, Fawzy, Ahmed, Hassan, Ahmed, Rashid, Mohammad, Elsherbiny, Abdallah Salah, Sieda, Basem, Badwi, Nermin M, Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan, Mohamed, Osama, Habeeb, Mohammad Abdulkhalek, Starr, Nichole, Desta, Semay, Wondimu, Sahlu, Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum, Thomas, Efeson, Asele, Frehun Ayele, Dabessa, Daniel, Abebe, Nebiyou Seyoum, Zerihun, Abebe Bekele, Mentula, Panu, Leppäniemi, Ari, Sallinen, Ville, Scalabre, Aurelien, Frade, Fernanda, Irtan, Sabine, Graffeille, Vivien, Gaignard, Elodie, Alimi, Quentin, Graffieille, Vivien, Abbo, Olivier, Mouttalib, Sofia, Bouali, Ourdia, Hervieux, Erik, Aigrain, Yve, Botto, Nathalie, Faure, Alice, Fievet, Lucile, Panait, Nicoleta, Eyssartier, Emilie, Schmitt, Francoise, Podevin, Guillaume, Parent, Valentine, Martin, Amandine, Arnaud, Alexis Pierre, Muller, Cecile, Bonnard, Arnaud, Peycelon, Matthieu, Abantanga, Franci, Boakye‐Yiadom, Kwaku, Bukari, Mohammed, Owusu, Frank, Awuku‐Asabre, Joseph, Bray, Lemuel Davie, Lytras, Dimitrio, Psarianos, Kyriako, Bamicha, Anastasia, Kefalidi, Eirini, Gemenetzis, Georgio, Dervenis, Christo, Gouvas, Nikolao, Agalianos, Christo, Kontos, Michail, Kouraklis, Gregory, Karousos, Dimitrio, Germanos, Styliano, Marinos, Constantino, Anthoulakis, Christo, Nikoloudis, Nikolao, Mitroudis, Nikolao, Estupinian, Sergio, Forno, Walter, Azmitia, José René Arévalo, Cabrera, Carla Cecilia Ramã­rez, Guevara, Romeo, Aguilera, Maria, Mendez, Napoleon, Mendizabal, Cesar Augusto Azmitia, Ramazzini, Pablo, Urquizu, Mario Contrera, Tale, Fernando, Soley, Rafael, Barrios, Emanuel, Barrios, Emmanuel, Rodríguez, Daniel Estuardo Marroquín, Velásquez, Carlos Iván Pérez, Mérida, Sara María Contrera, Regalado, Francisco, Lopez, Mario, Siguantay, Miguel, Lam, Fong Yee, Szeto, Kylie Joan‐yi, Szeto, Charing Cheuk Ling, Li, Wing Sum, Li, Kieran Ka Kei, Leung, Man Fung, Mak, Tony, Ng, Simon, Prasad, SS, Kirishnan, Anand, Gyanchandani, Nidhi, Kumar, Bylapudi Seshu, Rangarajan, Muthukumaran, Bhat, Sriram, Sreedharan, Anjana, Kinnera, S.V., Reddy, Yella, Venugopal, Caranj, Mittal, Abhishek, Nadkarni, Shravan, Lakshmi, Harish Neelamraju, Malik, Puneet, Limaye, Neel, Pai, Sriniva, Jain, Pratik, Khajanchi, Monty, Satoskar, Savni, Satoskar, Rajeev, Mahamood, Abid Bin, Sutanto, Eldaa Prisca Refianti, Soeselo, Daniel Ardian, Tedjaatmadja, Chintya, Rahmawati, Fitriana Nur, Mayasari, Maria, Al‐Hasani, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad, Al‐Hameedi, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Ibraheem, Hasan Ismael, Al‐Azraqi, Israa Abdullah Aziz, Sabeeh, Lubna, Kamil, Rahma, Telfah, Muwaffaq Mezeil, Rasendran, Amoudtha, Sheehan, Jacqueline, Kerley, Robert, Normile, Caoimhe, Gilbert, Richard William, Song, Jiheon, Dablouk, Mohamed, Mauro, Linnea, Dablouk, Mohammed Osman, Kielty, Paul, Marks, Eleanor, Gosling, Simon, Mccarthy, Michelle, Mirghani, Diya, Naqvi, Syed Altaf, Wong, Chee Siong, Chung, Siyi, D'cruz, Reuban, Cahill, Ronan, Gosling, Simon George, Fahy, Ciara, Cadogan, Diana Duarte, Powell, Anna, Gilbert, Richard, Clifford, Caroline, Driscoll, Aoife, Paul, Stassen, Lee, Chri, Bowe, Ro, Hutch, William, Mohan, Helen, O'neill, Maeve, Mealy, Kenneth, Danelli, Piergiorgio, Bondurri, Andrea, Maffioli, Anna, Pasini, Mario, Pata, Giacomo, Roncali, Stefano, Silvani, Paolo, Carlucci, Michele, Faccincani, Roberto, Bonavina, Luigi, Macchitella, Yuri, Ceriani, Chiara, Tugnoli, Gregorio, Di Saverio, Salomone, Khattab, Khaled, Paludi, Miguel Angel, Pata, Domenica, Cloro, Luigi Maria, Allegri, Andrea, Coccolini, Federico, Veronese, Ezio, Bortolasi, Luca, Hasheminia, Alireza, Nastri, Giacomo, Canto, Massimiliano Dal, Cucumazzo, Stefano, Benevento, Angelo, Tessera, Gaetano, Grandinetti, Pier Paolo, Maniscalco, Alessio, Lamanna, Giovanni Luca, Turati, Luca, Sgroi, Giovanni, Rausa, Emanuele, Villa, Roberta, Monteleone, Michela, Merlini, David, Grassi, Veronica, Cirocchi, Roberto, Cacurri, Alban, Waleed, Hamza, Diab, Ahmed, Elzowawi, Fathi, Jokubauskas, Manta, Varkalys, Karoli, Pranevicius, Roberta, Ambrozeviciute, Viktorija, Juciute, Simona, Skardžiukaitė, Austė, Bradulskis, Sauliu, Urbanavicius, Lina, Austraite, Aiste, Riauka, Romualda, Dambrauskas, Zilvina, Karumnas, Pauliu, Urniezius, Zigmanta, Zilinskiene, Reda, Rudzenskaite, Anele, Usaityte, Ausrine, Montrimaite, Margarita, Kaselis, Neriju, Strazdas, Andriu, Jokubonis, Kristijona, Maceviciute, Kornelija, Beisa, Virgiliju, Strupas, Kestuti, Laugzemys, Erika, Kolosov, Andrej, Jotautas, Valdemara, Rakita, Igna, Mikalauskas, Sauliu, Kazanavicius, Dariu, Rackauskas, Roka, Rakauskas, Ritaura, Preckailaite, Egle, Coomber, Ro, Johnson, Kenneth, Nowers, Jennifer, Periasammy, Dineshwary, Salleh, Afizah, Das, Andre, Tze, Reuben Goh Ern, Kumar, Milaksh Nirumal, Abdullah, Nik Azim Nik, Kosai, Nik Ritza, Taher, Mustafa, Rajan, Reynu, Chong, Hoong Yin, Agius, Marija, Bezzina, Maureen, Bugeja, Roberta, Vella‐Baldacchino, Martinique, Spina, Andrew, Psaila, Josephine, Francois‐Coridon, Helene, Tolg, Cecilia, Colombani, Jean‐Francoi, Diaz‐Zorrilla, Carmina, De La Medina, Antonio Ramos‐, Gonzalez, Samantha Corro‐Diaz, Jacobe, Mário, Mapasse, Domingo, Snyder, Elizabeth, Oumer, Ramadan, Osman, Mohammed, Mohammad, Aminu, Anyanwu, Lofty‐John, Sheshe, Abdulrahman, Adesina, Alaba, Faturoti, Olubukola, Taiwo, Ogechukwu, Ibrahim, Muhammad Habib, Nasir, Abdulrasheed A, Suleiman, Siyaka Itopa, Adeniyi, Adewale, Adesanya, Opeoluwa, Adebanjo, Ademola, Osuoji, Roland, Atobatele, Kazeem, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle, Williams, Omolara, Oludara, Mobolaji, Oshodi, Olabode, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Lawal, AbdulRazzaq Oluwagbemiga, Alakaloko, Felix, Elebute, Olumide, Osinowo, Adedapo, Bode, Christopher, Adesuyi, Abidemi, Tade, Adesoji, Adekoya, Adeleke, Nwokoro, Collin, Ayandipo, Omobolaji O, Lawal, Taiwo Akeem, Ajao, Akinlabi E, Ali, Samuel Sani, Odeyemi, Babatunde, Olori, Samson, Popoola, Ademola, Adeyeye, Ademola, Adeniran, Jame, Lossius, William J., Havemann, Ingemar, Thorsen, Kenneth, Narvestad, Jon Kristian, Soreide, Kjetil, Wold, Trude Beate, Nymo, Linn, Elsiddig, Mohammed, Dar, Manzoor, Bhopal, Kamran Faisal, Iftikhar, Zainab, Furqan, Muhammad Mohsin, Nighat, Bakhtiar, Jawaid, Masood, Khalique, Abdul, Zil‐E‐Ali, Ahsan, Rashid, Anam, Dharamshi, Hasnain Abba, Naqvi, Tahira, Faraz, Ahmad, Anwar, Abdul Wahid, Yaseen, Tahir Muhammad, Shamsi, Ghina Shamim, Shamsi, Ghina, Yaseen, Tahir, Anwer, Wahid, Decoud, Horacio Parede, Aguilera, Omar, Alvarez, Ismael Isaac Zelada, Delgado, Juan Marcelo, Vega, Gustavo Miguel Machain, Lohse, Helmut Alfredo Segovia, Aguilar, Wendy Leslie Messa, Chiong, Jose Antonio Cabala, Bautista, Ana Cecilia Manchego, Huaman, Eduardo, Zegarra, Sergio, Camacho, Rony, Celis, Jose María Vergara, Pozo, Diego Alonso Romani, Hamasaki, José, Temoche, Edilberto, Herrera‐Matta, Jaime, Torres, Carla Pierina García, Barreda, Luis Miguel Alvarez, Ojeda, Ronald Renato Barrionuevo, Garaycochea, Octavio, Mollo, Melanie Castro, Delgado, Mitchelle Solange De Fã Tima Linare, Fujii, Francisco, Durand, Susana Yrma Aranzabal, Basto, Carlos Alejandro Arroyo, Rojas, Nelson Manuel Urbina, Yip, Sebastian Bernardo Shu, Vergara, Ana Lucia Contrera, Moran, Andrea Echevarria Rosa, Luque, Giuliano Borda, Castro, Manuel Rodriguez, Jaramillo, Ramon Alvarado, Sila, George Manrique, Lopez, Crislee Elizabeth, De Leon, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze, Machaca, Massiell, Huaraya, Ronald Coasaca, Arenas, Andy, López, Crislee, Puma, Clara Milagros Herrera, Pino, Wilfredo, Hinojosa, Christian, De Leon, Melanie Zapata Ponze, Limache, Susan, Sila, George Manrrique, Rodriguez, Layza‐Alejandra Mercado, Melo, Renato, Costa‐Maia, Jose, Muralha, Nuno, Sauvat, Frederique, Dan, Ionasc, Hogea, Mircea, Eduard, Pandi, Bratu, Razvan‐Matei, Beuran, Mircea, Diaconescu, Ionut‐Bogdan, Martian, Bogdan‐Valeriu, Iordache, Florin‐Mihail, Vartic, Mihaela, Vida, Lucian Corneliu, Muntean, Liviu Iuliu, Mironescu, Aurel Sandu, Nsengimana, Vizir Jean Paul, Niragire, Alice, Ingabire, Jean De La Croix Allen, Niyirera, Eugene, Zanini, Nicola, Jovine, Elio, Landolfo, Giovanni, Alomar, Ibrahim N., Alnuqaydan, Saleh A., Altwigry, Abdulrahman M., Othman, Moayad, Osman, Nohad, Alqahtani, Ena, Alzahrani, Mohammed, Alyami, Rifan, Aljohani, Emad, Alhabli, Ibrahim, Mikwar, Zaher, Almuallem, Sultan, Nawawi, Abrar, Bakhaidar, Mohamad, Maghrabi, Ashraf A., Alsaggaf, Mohammed, Aljiffry, Murad, Altaf, Abdulmalik, Khoja, Ahmad, Habeebullah, Alaa, Akeel, Nouf, Ghandora, Nashat, Almoflihi, Abdullah, Huwait, Abdulmalik, Al‐shammari, Abeer, Al‐Mousa, Mashael, Alghamdi, Masood, Adham, Walid, Albeladi, Bandar, Alfarsi, Muayad Ahmed, Mahdi, Atif, Al Awwad, Saad, Nouh, Thamer, Hassanain, Mazen, Aldhafeeri, Salman, Sadig, Nawal, Algohary, Osama, Aledrisy, Mohannad, Alrifaie, Ahmad, AlRowais, Mohammed, Althwainy, Amani, Shabkah, Alaa, Alamoudi, Uthman, Alrajraji, Mawaddah, Alghamdi, Basim, Aljohani, Saud, Daqeeq, Abdullah, Al‐Faifi, Jubran J, Jennings, Vicky, Ngayu, Nyawira, Moore, Rachel, Kong, Victor, Kretzmann, Hayden, Connor, Katie, Nel, Daniel, Sampson, Colleen, Panieri, Eugenio, Sishuba, Nosisa, Tun, Myint, Mphatsoe, Albert Mohale, Carreira, Jo‐Anne, Wagener, Mark, Botes, Stefan, Du Plessis, Danelo, Fernandez‐Bueno, Fernando, Aguilar‐Jimenez, Jose, Garcia‐Marin, Jose Andre, García, Lorena Solar, Florez, Luis Joaquín García, Pacheco, Rubén Darío Aria, Pagnozzi, Janet, Quezada, Jimy Harold Jara, Rodicio, Jose Lui, Minguez, German, Rodríguez‐Uría, Raquel, Ugalde, Paul, Lopez‐Arevalo, Camilo, Barneo, Lui, Stuva, Jessica Patricia Gonzale, Ortega‐Vazquez, Irene, Rodriguez, Lorena, Herrera, Norberto, Arachchi, Prasad Pitigala, Senanayake, Wanigasekara, Senanayake, Mudiyanselage Kithsiri Janakantha, Arachchige, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasoori, Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya, Samaraweera, Dulan Irusha, Thanusan, Vimalakanthan, Musa, Ahmed Elgaili Khalid, Balila, Reem Mohammed Hassan, Mohamed, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad, Ali, Hussein, Elabdin, Hagir Zain, Hassan, Alaa, Mahdi, Sefeldin, Ahmed, Hala, Idris, Sahar Abdoun Ishag, Elsayed, Makki, Elsayed, Mohammed, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Boijsen, Magnu, Lundgren, Per‐Olof, Gustafsson, Ulf, Kiasat, Ali, Wogensen, Fredrik, Jurdell, Emma, Thorell, Ander, Thorarinsdottir, Hildur, Utter, Maria, Sundstrom, Sami Martin, Wredberg, Cecilia, Kjellin, Ann, Nyberg, Johanna, Frisk, Bjorn, Sund, Malin, Andersson, Linda, Gunnarsson, Ulf, Cengiz, Yücel, Ahlqvist, Sandra, Björklund, Ida, Royson, Hanna, Weber, Per, Pahlsson, Hans‐Ivar, Borin, Eva, Hjertberg, Maria, Schmid, Roger, Schivo, Debora, Despotidis, Vasileio, Breitenstein, Stefan, Staerkle, Ralph F, Schadde, Erik, Deichsel, Fabian, Gerosa, Alexandra, Nocito, Antonio, Raptis, Dimitri Aristotle, Mijuskovic, Barbara, Zuber, Marku, Eisner, Luka, Kruspi, Swantje, Reinisch, Katharina Beate, Schoewe, Christin, Novak, Allan, Palma, Adrian F., Teufelberger, Gerfried, Kimaro, Msafiri, King, Rachel, Balkan, Ali Zeynel Abidin, Gumar, Mehmet, Yavuz, Mehmet Ali, Karabacak, Ufuk, Lap, Gokhan, Ozkan, Bahar Busra, Karakahya, Murat, Adams, Ryan, Morton, Robert, Henderson, Liam, Gratton, Ruth, Clement, Keiran David, Chang, Kate Yu‐Ching, Mcnish, David, Mcintosh, Ryan, Milligan, William, Skelly, Brendan, Anderson‐Knight, Hannah, Lawther, Roger, Onimowo, Jemina, Shatkar, Veereanna, Tharmalingam, Shivanee, Woin, Evelina, Fautz, Tessa, Ziff, Oliver, Dindyal, Shiva, Arman, Sam, Talukder, Shagorika, Gadhvi, Vijay, Chew, Luen Shaun, Heath, Jonathan, Blencowe, Natalie, Hallam, Sally, Mannu, Gurdeep Singh, Zachariades, Dimitris‐Christo, Snaith, Ailsa Claire, Hettiarachchi, Thusitha Sampath, Nesaratnam, Arjun, Wheeler, Jame, McCullagh, Darragh, Clements, Joshua Michael, Khan, Ata, Koumpa, Foteini, Neophytou, Christina, Roth, Jessica, Soon, Wai Cheong, Deputy, Mohammed, Ahmed, Ahmed, Ashton, Annelisse, Vincent, Joe, Almy, Jack, Khan, Taufiq, Allen, John Lee Y, Mcintyre, Charlotte Jane, Marshall, Dominic Charle, Sykes, Mark, Behar, Nebil, Jordan, Harriet, Rajjoub, Yaseen, Sherman, Thoma, White, Timothy, Watts, Anna, Ardley, Rohan, Arulampalam, Tan, Shah, Apar, Brown, Damien, Blower, Emma, Sutton, Paul, Gasteratos, Konstantino, Vimalachandran, Dale, Magee, Cathy, Mcguigan, Andrew, Mcaleer, Stephen, Morgan, Clare, Braungart, Sarah, Lafferty, Kirsten, Labib, Peter, Tanase, Andrei, Mangan, Clodagh, Reza, Lillian, Woodward, Helen, Gouldthorpe, Craig, Turner, Megan, Wild, Jonathan R L, Malik, Tom AM, Proctor, Victoria K, Hewage, Kalon, Davies, Jame, Dubois, Andre, Sarwary, Sayed, Zardab, Ali, Grant, Alan, Mcintyre, Robert, Mogan, Yogendra Praveen, Ho, Weiguang, Chong, Bryon Frankie Hon Khi, Tewari, Shirish, Humm, Gemma, Farinella, Eriberto, Hall, Nigel J, Wright, Naomi J, Major, Christina P, Xerri, Thelma, De Bono, Phoebe, Amin, Jasim, Farhad, Mustafa, Camilleri‐Brennan, John F., Robertson, Andrew G N, Swann, Joanna, Richards, Jame, Jabbar, Aijaz, Attard, Myranda, Burns, Hannah, Macdonald, Euan, Baldacchino, Matthew, Skehan, Jennifer, Camilleri‐Brennan, Julian, Hall, Tom Falconer, Gimzewska, Madelaine, Mclachlan, Greta, Shah, Jamie, Giles, Jame, Chiu, Selina, Weber, Beatrix, Chiu, Selina Man Yeng, Highcock, Saskia, Hassan, Maleeha, Beasley, William, Vlachogiorgos, Apostolo, Dias, Stephen, Maharaj, Geta, Mcdonald, Rosie, Macdonald, Alisdair, Witherspoon, Paul, Baird, Alan, Sarmah, Panchali, Green, Nikki, Youssef, Haney, Cross, Kate, Rees, Clare M, Van Duren, Bernard, Upchurch, Emma, Khan, Khurram, Abudeeb, Haytham, Hammad, Ahmed, Karandikar, Sharad, Bowley, Doug, Karim, Ahmed, Chachulski, Witold, Richardson, Liam, Dawnay, Gile, Thompson, Ben, Mistry, Ajayesh, Ghetia, Millika, Roy, Sudipta, Al‐Obaedi, Ossama, Das, Kaustuv, Prabhudesai, Ash, Cocker, DM, Tan, Jessica Juliana, Tyler, Robert, Di Franco, Filippo, Ayyar, Shruti, Vivekanantham, Sayinthen, Gokani, Shyam, Gillespie, Michael, Gudlaugsdottir, Katrin, Pezas, Theodore, Currow, Chelise, Kim, Matthew Young‐Han, Birring, Amerdip, Edwards, Joanne, Ali, Ased, Das, Suparna, Jha, Madan, Atkinson, Kieran, Luck, Joshua, Fozard, Thoma, Puttick, Michael, Salama, Yahya, Shah, Rohi, Ibrahem, Ahmad Aboelkassem, Ebdewi, Hamdi, Gravante, Gianpiero, El‐Rabaa, Saleem, Nnajiuba, Henry, Allott, Rebecca, Bhargava, Aman, Chan, Zoe, Hassan, Zaffar, Makinde, Misty, Hemingway, David, Dean, Ramzana, Boddy, Alexander, Aber, Ahmed, Patel, Vijay, Parakh, Jehangirshaw, Parthiban, Sunil, Ubhi, Harmony Kaur, Hosein, Simon‐Peter, Ward, Simon, Malik, Kamran, Jennings, Leifa, Newton, Tom, Alkhouri, Mirna, Kang, Min Kyu, Houlden, Christopher, Barry, Jonathan, Raza, Imtanan, Farquharson, Alistair, Bhattacharya, Sanjeet, Chang, Kate, Wilson, Michael S J, Neo, Yan Ning, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Chan, Emily, Peck, Fraser S, Lim, Pei J, North, Alexander S, Blundell, Rebecca, Williamson, Adam, Fouad, Dina, Minocha, Ashish, Mccarthy, Kathryn, Court, Emma, Chambers, Alice, Yee, Jenna, Tham, Ji Chung, Beaton, Ceri, Walsh, Una, Lockey, Joseph, Bokhari, Salman, Howells, Lara, Griffiths, Megan, Yallop, Laura, Singh, Shailinder, Nasher, Omar, Jackson, Paul, Shariffuddin, Abdul Muiz, Ho, Weng Chee, Wilson, Michael Sj, Pabla, Gurpreet, Ramzi, Saed, Zeidan, Shady, Doughty, Jennifer, Sinha, Sidhartha, Davenport, Ro, Lewis, Jason, Duffy, Leo, Mcaleer, Elizabeth, Williams, Eleanor, Som, Robin, Javed, Omar, Boal, Matthew, Harrison, Nicola, Tafazal, Habib, Brogden, Tom, Griffiths, Ewen, Obute, Rhalumi Daniel, Glover, Thomas E, Clark, David J, Boshnaq, Mohamed, Akhtar, Mansoor, Capleton, Pascale, Doughan, Samer, Rabie, Mohamed, Mohamed, Ismail, Samuel, Duncan, Dickson, Lauren, Kennedy, Matthew, Dempster, Eleanor, Brown, Emma, Maple, Natalie, Monaghan, Eimear, Wolf, Bernhard, Garland, Alicia, Mcphee, Arthur, Anderson, David, Anderson, Robert, Hassan, Sarah, Smith, Dave, Lund, Jonathan, Boereboom, Catherine, Murphy, Jennifer, Tierney, Gillian, Tou, Samson, Zimmermann, Eleanor Franziska, Smart, Neil Jame, Warwick, Andrea Marie, Stasinou, Theodora, Daniels, Ian, Findlay‐Cooper, Kim, Mitrasinovic, Stefan, Ray, Swayamjyoti, Varcada, Massimo, D'Souza, Rovan, Omara, Sharif, Spurr, Matthew, Parkinson, Lucienne, Hanks, Anthony, Ma, Jennifer, Abington, Emily, Ramcharn, Meera, Williams, Gethin, Winstanley, Joseph, Kennedy, Ewan D., Yeung, Emily NW, Jones, Catrin, O'neill, Stephen, Lim, Shujing Jane, Liew, Ignatiu, Nair, Hari, Fairfield, Cameron, Oh, Julia, Koh, Samantha, Wilson, Andrew, Fairfield, Catherine, Anandkumar, Delran, Kirupagaran, Ashok, Jones, Timothy F, Torrance, Hew Dt, Fowler, Alexander J, Chandrakumar, Charmilie, Patel, Priyank, Ashraf, Syed Faaz, Lakhani, Sonam M., Mclean, Aaron Lawson, Basson, Sonia, Batt, Jeremy, Bowman, Catriona, Benons, Natasha, Mason, Clare, Harrison, Rebecca, Quayle, John, Barker, Tom, Summerour, Virginia, Harper, Edward, Smith, Caroline, Hampton, Matthew, Pitt, Sophie K, Ward, Alex E, O'Connor, Timothy, Heywood, Emily G, Chowdhury, Abeed, Hossaini, Sina, Watson, Nicholas F, Mckechnie, Doug, Farah, Ayaan, Chun, Anita, Koh, Hoey, Lim, Grace, Sunderland, Graham, Gould, Laura, Munipalle, P C, Rooney, H, Browning, D R L, Pereira, Bernadette, Nemeth, Kristof, Decker, Emily, Giuliani, Stefano, Shalaby, Aly, Shaikh, Shafaque, Tan, Chern Yan, Palkhi, Ebrahim Y A, Szczap, Aleksandra, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Chen, Chee Yang, Kulasabanathan, Kavian, Chhabra, Srishti, Kostov, Elisabeth, Harbord, Philippe, Barnacle, Jame, Palliyil, Madan Mohan, Zikry, Mina, Porter, Johnathan, Raslan, Charef, Hafiz, Shazia, Soltani, Niksa, Baillie, Katie, Singh, Priyanka, Sheth, Shailee, Patel, Kishen, Khalili, Mahry, Choi, Jeesoo, Benger, Matthew, Marples, Lucy, Macfarlane, Alastair, Thurairaja, Ramesh, Boyce, Tamsin, Whewell, Harriet, Jones, Elin, Th'ng, Francesca, Robertson, Nichola, Mirza, Ahmad, Saeed, Haroon, Galloway, Simon, Elena, Gia, Afzal, Mohammad, Zakir, Mohamed, Sodde, Peter, Hand, Charle, Sriram, Aiesha, Clark, Tamsyn, Holton, Patrick, Livesey, Amy, Sinha, Yashashwi, Iqbal, Fahad Mujtaba, Bharj, Indervir Singh, Rotundo, Adriana, Jenvey, Cara, Slade, Robert, Golding, David, Haines, Samuel, Ne'ma Abdullah, Ali Adel, Tilston, Thomas W, Loughran, Dafydd, Donoghue, Danielle, Giacci, Lorenzo, Sherif, Mohamed Ashur, Harrison, Peter, Tang, Alethea, Kotecha, Deevia, Elshaer, Mohamed, Urbonas, Toma, Riaz, Amjid, Chapman, Annie, Acharya, Parisha, Shalhoub, Joseph, Grossart, Cathleen, McMorran, David, Mlotshwa, Makhosini, Hawkins, William, Loizides, Sofroni, Krishna, Kandaswamy, Orchard, Melanie, Ho, Chik Wai, Thomson, Peter, Khan, Shahab, Taylor, Fiona, Shukla, Jalak, Howie, Emma Elizabeth, Macdonald, Linda, Komolafe, Olusegun, Mcintyre, Neil, Cragg, Jame, Parker, Jody, Stewart, Duncan, Lintin, Luke, Tracy, Julia, Farooq, Tahir, Molina, George, Kaafarani, Haytham, Beyene, Robel, Sava, Jack, Scott, Mark, Swaroop, Mamta, Kennedy, Raelene, Azodo, Ijeoma A, Heffernan, Daithi, Chun, Tristen, Stephen, Andrew, Sion, Melanie, Weinstein, Michael S., Punja, Viren, Bugaev, Nikolay, Goodstein, Monica, Razmdjou, Shadi, Etchill, Eric, Puyana, Juan Carlo, Kesinger, Matthew, Napolitano, Lena, To, Kathleen, Hemmila, Mark, Todd, Oliver, Jenner, Edward, Hoogakker, Ellen, Grizhja, Besmir, Ymeri, Shpetim, Galiqi, Gezim, Klappenbach, Roberto, Antezana, Diego, Beleño, Alvaro Enrique Mendoza, Costa, Cecilia, Sanchez, Belen, Aviles, Susan, Fermani, Claudio Gabriel, Balmaceda, Rubén, Villalobos, Santiago, Carmona, Juan Manuel, Hamill, Daniel, Deutschmann, Peter, Sandler, Simone, Cox, Daniel, Nataraja, Ram, Sharpin, Claire, Ljuhar, Damir, Gray, Demi, Haines, Morgan, Iyer, Dush, Niranjan, Nithya, D'Amours, Scott, Ashtari, Morvarid, Franco, Helena, Karim, Sabbir, Aman, Nowrin F., Estee, Mahnuma Mahfuz, Salma, Umme, Razzaque, Joyeta, Kanta, Tasnia Hamid, Tori, Sayeeda Aktar, Alamin, Shadid, Roy, Swapnil, Al Amin, Shadid, Karim, Rezaul, Haque, Muhtarima, Faruq, Amreen, Iftekhar, Farhana, O'Shea, Margaret, Padmore, Greg, Jonnalagadda, Ramesh, Litvin, Andrey, Filatau, Aliaksandr, Paulouski, Dzmitry, Shubianok, Maryna, Shachykava, Tatsiana, Khokha, Dziani, Khokha, Vladimir, Djivoh, Fernande, Dossou, Franci, Seto, Djifid Morel, Gbessi, Dansou Gaspard, Noukpozounkou, Bruno, Keke, Kpèmahouton René, Hodonou, Fred, Ahounou, Ernest Yemalin Stephane, Alihonou, Thierry, Dénakpo, Max, Ahlonsou, Germain, Bedada, Alemayehu Ginbo, Nsengiyumva, Carlo, Kwizera, Sandrine, Barendegere, Venerand, Choi, Philip, Jamal, Luai, Chen, Tzu‐Ling, Yip, Chingwan, Zapata, Felipe, Lanau, Maria Isabel Villega, Restrepo, Ivan Mendoza, Giraldo, Ruben Santiago Restrepo, Youssef, Mohamed, Thabet, Waleed, Sanad, Aly, Zaki, Ahmed, Abdel‐Hameed, Noran, Mostafa, Mohamed, Omar, Muhammad Fathi Waleed, Ghanem, Ahmed, Denewar, Adel, Emara, Eman, Rashad, Eman, Sakr, Ahmad, Elashry, Rehab, Emile, Sameh, Khafagy, Toqa, Elhamouly, Sara, Elfarargy, Arwa, Mohamed, Amna Mamdouh, Nagy, Ghada Saied, Esam, Abeer, Elwy, Eman, Hammad, Aya, Khallaf, Salwa, Ibrahim, Eman, Saidbadr, Ahmed, Moustafa, Ahmed, Mohammed, Amany Eldosouky, Elgheriany, Mohammed, Abdelmageed, Eman, Al Raouf, Eman Abd, Elbanby, Esraa Samir, Elmasry, Maha, Farahat, Mahitab Morsy, Mansor, Eman Yahya, Hegazy, Eman Magdy, Gamal, Esraa, Gamal, Heba, Kandil, Hend, Abdelrouf, Doaa Maher, Moaty, Mohamed, Gamal, Dina, El‐Sagheer, Nada, Salah, Mohamed, Magdy, Salma, Salah, Asmaa, Essam, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Badawy, Mahmoud, Ahmed, Sara, Mohamed, Mazed, Assal, Abdelrahman, Sleem, Mohamed, Ebidy, Mai, Elrazek, Aly Abd, Zahran, Diaaaldin, Adam, Nourhan, Nazir, Mohamed, Hassanein, Adel B, Ismail, Ahmed, Elsawy, Amira, Mamdouh, Rana, Mabrouk, Mohamed, Ahmed, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed, Alnaby, Mohamed Hassab, Magdy, Eman, Abd‐Elmawla, Manar, Fahim, Marwan, Mowafy, Bassant, Mahmoud, Moustafa Ibrahim, Allam, Meran, Alkelani, Muhammad, El Gendy, Noran Halim, Aboul‐Naga, Mariam Saad, El‐Din, Reham Alaa, Elgendy, Alyaa Halim, Ismail, Mohamed, Shalaby, Mahmoud, Elsharkawy, Aya Adel, Moghazy, Mahmoud Elsayed, Elbisomy, Khaled Hesham, Shakshouk, Hend Adel Gawad, Hamed, Mohamed Fouad, Ebidy, Mai Mohamed, Ahmed, Hayam, Adel, Israa, Omar, Mohammad Elsayed, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Ghoneim, Omar, Hesham, Omar, Gamal, Shimaa, Hilal, Karim, Arafa, Omar, Awad, Sawsan Adel, Salem, Menatalla, Elsherif, Fawzia Abdellatif, Elsabbagh, Nourhan, Aboelsoud, Moustafa R., Rida, Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad, Hossameldin, Amr, Hany, Ethar, Asar, Yomna Hosny, Anwar, Nourhan, Gadelkarim, Mohamed, Abdelhady, Samar, Morshedy, Eman Mohamed, Saad, Reham, Soliman, Nourhan, Salama, Mahmoud, Ezzat, Eslam, Mohamed, Arwa, Ibrahim, Arwa, Fergany, Alaa, Mohammed, Sara, Reda, Aya, Allam, Yomna, Saad, Hanan Adel, Abdelfatah, Afnan, Fathy, Aya Mohamed, El‐Sehily, Ahmed, Kasem, Esraa Abdalmageed, Hassan, Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset, Mohammed, Ahmed Rabeih, Saad, Abdalla Gamal, Ibrahim, Arij, Hassaan, Amr, Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa, Elhoseny, Ghada, Magdy, Mohamed, Elkhalek, Esraa Abd, Zakaria, Yehia, Ezzat, Tarek, El Dahab, Ali Abo, Kelany, Mohamed, Arafa, Sara, Hassan, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed, Badwi, Nermin Mohamed, Sleem, Ahmad Saber, Ahmed, Hussien, Abdelbadeai, Kholoud, Abdullah, Mohamed Abozed, Lokman, Muhammad Amsyar Auni, Bahar, Suraya, Abdelazeam, Anan Rady, Adelshone, Abdelrahman, Hasnan, Muhammad Bin, Zulkifli, Athirah, Kamarulzamil, Siti Nur Alia, Elhendawy, Abdelaziz, Latif, Aliang, Adnan, Ahmad Bin, Shaharuddin, Shahadatul, Majid, Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul, Al‐Marakby, Dina, Ismail, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin, Basir, Elissa Rifhan Mohd, Ali, Citra Dewi Mohd, Ata, Aya Yehia, Nasr, Maha, Rezq, Asmaa, Sheta, Ahmed, Tariq, Sherif, Sallam, Abd Elkhalek, Darwish, Abdelrhman KZ, Elmihy, Sohaila, Elhadry, Shady, Farag, Ahmed, Hajeh, Haidar, Abdelaal, Abdelaziz, Aglan, Amro, Zohair, Ahmed, Essam, Mahitab, Moussa, Omar, El‐Gizawy, Esraa, Samy, Mostafa, Ali, Safia, Elhalawany, Esraa, Ata, Ahmed, El Halawany, Mohamed, Nashat, Mohamed, Soliman, Samar, Elazab, Alaa, Samy, Mostada, Abdelaziz, Mohamed A, Ibrahim, Khaled, Ibrahim, Ahmed mohamed, Gado, Ammar, Eldeen, Esraa Alm, loaloa, Mohamed Reda, Abouzaid, Arwa, Eldin, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa, Hashad, Eman, Sroor, Fathy, Gamil, Doaa, Abdulhakeem, Eman Mahmoud, Zakaria, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Fawzy, Abubakr, Marwan, Ali, Elsayed, Magdy, Hesham, Ramadan, Menna Tallah, Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelaty, Mansour, Salma, Amin, Hager Abdul Aziz, Mohamed, Ahmed Rabie, Saami, Mahmoud, Elsayed, Nada Ahmed Reda, Tarek, Adham, Mahmoud, Sabry Mohy Eldeen, El Sayed, Islam Magdy, Reda, Amira, Shawky, Martina Yusuf, Salem, Mohammed Mousa, El‐Din, Shahinaz Alaa, Soliman, Noha Abdullah, Talaat, Muhammed, Alaael‐Dein, Shahinaz, Elhusseiny, Ahmed Abd Elmoen, Abdullah, Noha, Elshaar, Mohammed, Ibraheem, Aya AbdelFatah, Abdulaziz, Hager, Ismail, Mohammed Kamal, Madkor, Mona Hamdy, Abdelaty, Mohamed, Abdel‐Kader, Sara Mahmoud, Salah, Osama Mohamed, Eldafrawy, Mahmoud, Eldeeb, Ahmed Zaki, Eid, Mostafa Mahmoud, Attia, Attia, Shwky, Ayman, Badenjki, Mohamed Adel, Soliman, Abdelrahman, Al Attar, Samaa Mahmoud, Sayed, Farrag, Sabour, Fahd Abdel, Azizeldine, Mohammed G., Shawqi, Muhammad, Hashim, Abdullah, Aamer, Ahmed, Abdelraouf, Ahmed Mahmoud, Abdelshakour, Mahmoud, Ibrahim, Amal, Mahmoud, Basma, Mahmoud, Mohamed Ali, Qenawy, Mostafa, Rashed, Ahmed M., Dahy, Ahmed, Sayed, Marwa, Shamsedine, Ahmed W., Mohamed, Bakeer, Hasan, Ahmad, Saad, Mahmoud M., Bassit, Khalil Abdul, El‐Latif, Nadia Khalid Abd, Elzahed, Nada, El Kashash, Ahmed, Bekhet, Nada Mohamed, Hafez, Sarah, Gad, Ahmed, Maher, Mahmoud Elkhadragy, Elsameea, Ahmed Abd, Hafez, Mohamed, Sabe, Ahmad, Ahmed, Ataa, Shahine, Ahmed, Dawood, Khaled, Gaafar, Shireen, Husseiny, Reem, Aboelmagd, Omnia, Soliman, Ahmed, Mesbah, Nourhan, Emadeldin, Hossam, Al Meligy, Amgad, Bekhet, Amira Hassan, Hasan, Doaa, Alhady, Khaled, Sabe, Ahmad Khaled, Elnajjar, Mahmoud A., Aboelella, Majed, Hamsho, Ward, Hassan, Ihab, Saad, Hala, Abdelazim, Galaleldin, Mahmoud, Hend, Wael, Noha, Kandil, Ahmedali M, Magdy, Ahmed, Elkholy, Shimaa Said, Adel, Badr Eldin, Dabbour, Kareem, Elsherbiney, Saged, Mattar, Omar, Abdrabou, Abdulshafi Khaled, Aly, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed, Geuoshy, Abdelrahman, Elnagar, Ahmedglal, Ahmed, Saraibrahim, Abdelmotaleb, Ibrahem, Saleh, Amr Ahmed, Saeed, Manar, Mahmoud, Shady, Tawfik, Badreldin Adel, Ismail, Samar Adel, Zakaria, Esraay, Gad, Mariam O., Elhelbawy, Mohamed Salah, Bassem, Monica, Maraie, Noha, Elhadary, Nourhan Medhat, Semeda, Nourhan, Mohamed, Shaza Rabie, Bakry, Hesham Mohammed, Essam, AA, Tarek, Dina, Ashour, Khlood, Elhadad, Alaa, Abdel‐Aty, Abdulrahman, Rakha, Ibrahim, Matter, Sara Mamdouh, Abdelhamed, Rasha, Abdelkader, Omar, Hassaan, Ayat, Soliman, Yasmin, Mohamed, Amna, Farouk, Sara Amr Mohamed, Ibrahim, Eman Mohamed, El‐Taher, Esraa, Mostafa, Merna, Badr, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrou, Elsemelawy, Rofida, El‐Sawy, Aya, Bakr, Ahmad, Al Rafati, Ahmad Abdel Razaq, Saar, Sten, Reinsoo, Arvo, Seyoum, Nebyou, Worku, Tewodro, Fitsum, Agazi, Tolonen, Matti, Parmentier, Benoît, Dardenne, Sabrina, Robert, Elsa, Maillot, Betty, Courboin, Etienne, Hascoet, Juliette, Kaci, Amir Ait, Prudhomme, Thoma, Ballouhey, Quentin, Grosos, Céline, Fourcade, Laurent, Cecilia, Tolg, Jean‐Francois, Colombani, Helene, Francois‐Coridon, Delforge, Xavier, Haraux, Elodie, Dousset, Bertrand, Schiavone, Roberto, Gaujoux, Sebastien, Marret, Jean‐Baptiste, Haffreingue, Aurore, Rod, Julien, Renaux‐Petel, Mariette, Lecompte, Jean‐Françoi, Bréaud, Jean, Gastaldi, Pauline, Taieb, Chouikh, Claire, Raquillet, Anis, Echaieb, Bustangi, Nasir, Lopez, Manuel, Grella, Maria Giovanna, Mariani, Aurora, Schmitt, Françoise, Broch, Aline, Bandoh, Dickson, Kyereh, Martin, Asumah, Hamza, Appiah, Eric Kofi, Wondoh, Paul, Gyedu, Adam, Dally, Charle, Agbedinu, Kwabena, Amoah, Michael, Yifieyeh, Abiboye, Amoako‐Boateng, Mabel, Dayie, Makafui, Hagan, Richmond, Debrah, Sam, Ohene‐Yeboah, Micheal, Clegg‐Lampety, Joe‐Nat, Etwire, Victor, Dakubo, Jonathan, Essoun, Samuel, Bonney, William, Glover‐Addy, Hope, Osei‐Nketiah, Samuel, Amoako, Joachim, Adu‐Aryee, Niiarmah, Appeadu‐Mensah, William, Bediako‐Bowan, Antoinette, Dedey, Florence, Ekow, Mattew, Akatibo, Emmanuel, Yakubu, Musah, Kordorwu, Hope Edem Kofi, Asare‐Bediako, Kwasi, Tackie, Enoch, Aaniana, Kenneth, Acquah, Emmanuel, Opoku‐Agyeman, Richard, Avoka, Anthony, Kusi, Kwasi, Maison, Kwame, Gyamfi, Frank Enoch, Barnabas, Gandau Naa, Abdul‐Latif, Saiba, Amoako, Philip Taah, Davor, Anthony, Dassah, Victor, Dagoe, Enoch, Kwakyeafriyie, Prince, Akoto, Elliot, Ackom, Eric, Mensah, Ekow, Atkins, Ebenezer Takyi, Coompson, Christian Lari, Ivros, Nikolao, Ferousis, Christoforo, Kalles, Vasileio, Kyriazanos, Ioanni, Barkolias, Christo, Tselos, Angelo, Tzikos, Georgio, Voulgaris, Evangelo, Bamicha, Athanasia, Stefanopoulos, Anastasio, Patoulias, Ioanni, Sfougaris, Dimitrio, Valioulis, Ioanni, Balalis, Dimitrio, Korkolis, Dimitrio, Manatakis, Dimitrios K, Kyrou, Georgio, Karabelias, Georgio, Papaskarlatos, Iason‐Antonio, Konstantina, Kolonia, Zampitis, Nikolao, Papailia, Aspasia, Theodosopoulos, Theodosio, Gkiokas, Georgio, Mitroudi, Magdalini, Panteli, Christina, Feidantsis, Thoma, Farmakis, Konstantino, Kyziridis, Dimitrio, Ioannidis, Oresti, Parpoudi, Styliani, Parasyris, Stavro, Margaritis, Michail, Aguilera‐Arevalo, Maria‐Lorena, Coyoy‐Gaitan, Otto, Rosales, Javier, Tale, Lui, Rodriguez, Servio Tulio Torre, Galvez, Carlos Paz, Cruz, Danilo Herrera, Rosenberg, Guillermo Sanchez, Matheu, Alejandro, Cohen, David Monterroso, Paul, Marie, Charles, Angeline, Lam, Justin Chak Yiu, Yeung, Man Hon Andrew, Fok, Chi Ying Jacquelyn, Li, Ka Hin Gabriel, Lai, Anthony Chuk‐Him, Cheung, Yuk Hong Eric, Wong, Hong Yee, Leung, Ka Wai, Lee, Tien Seng Bryan, Lam, Wai Him, Dao, Weihei, Kwok, Stephanie Hiu‐wai, Chan, Tsz‐Yan Katie, Ng, Yung Kok, Mak, TWC, Foo, Chi Chung, Yang, Jame, Bhatnagar, Ankur, Upadhyaya, Vijaid, Muddebihal, Uday, Dar, Wasim, Janardha, KC, Aruldas, Neerav, Adella, Fidelis Jacklyn, Rulie, Anthonius Santoso, Iskandar, Ferdy, Setiawan, Jonny, Evajelista, Cicilia Viany, Natalie, Hani, Suyadi, Arlindawati, Gunawan, Rudy, Karismaningtyas, Herlin, Mata, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih, Andika, Ferry Fitriya Ayu, Hasanah, Afifatun, Widiastini, T Ariani, Purwaningsih, Nurlaila Ayu, Mukin, Annisa Dewi Fitriana, Rahmah, Dina Faizatur, Nurqistan, Hazmi Dwinanda, Arsyad, Hasbi Maulana, Adhitama, Novia, Jeo, Wifanto Saditya, Sutandi, Nathania, Clarissa, Audrey, Gultom, Phebe Anggita, Billy, Matthew, Haloho, Andrea, Johanna, Nadya, Lee, Felix, Dorani, Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin, Glynn, Martha, Alherz, Mohammad, Goh, Wennweoi, Shiwani, Haaris A., Sproule, Lorraine, Conlon, Kevin C., Bala, Miklosh, Kedar, Asaf, Bianco, Federica, Steccanella, Francesca, Gallo, Gaetano, Trompetto, Mario, Clerico, Giuseppe, Papandrea, Matteo, Sammarco, Giuseppe, Sacco, Rosario, Giavarini, Luisa, Giglio, Mariano Cesare, Bucci, Luigi, Pagano, Gianluca, Sollazzo, Viviana, Peltrini, Roberto, Luglio, Gaetano, Birindelli, Arianna, Mingrone, Pietro, Selvaggi, Francesco, Selvaggi, Lucio, Pellino, Gianluca, Di Martino, Natale, Curletti, Gianluca, Aonzo, Paolo, Galleano, Raffaele, Berti, Stefano, Francone, Elisa, Boni, Silvia, Lorenzon, Laura, lo Conte, Annalisa, Balducci, Genoveffa, Confalonieri, Gianmaria, Pesenti, Giovanni, Gavagna, Laura, Vasquez, Giorgio, Targa, Simone, Occhionorelli, Savino, Andreotti, Dario, Armellini, Andrea, Chiesa, Deborah, Aquilino, Fabrizio, Chetta, Nicola, Picciariello, Arcangelo, Abdelkhalek, Mohamed, Belli, Andrea, De Franciscis, Silvia, Bigaran, Annamaria, Favero, Alessandro, Basso, Stefano M.M, Salusso, Paola, Perino, Martina, Mochet, Sylvie, Sasia, Diego, Riente, Francesco, Migliore, Marco, Basilicò, Silvia, Corbellini, Carlo, Lazzari, Veronica, Angelieri, Daniele, Coletta, Diego, Falaschi, Federica, Catani, Marco, Reali, Claudia, Malavenda, Mariastella, Del Basso, Celeste, Ribaldi, Sergio, Coletti, Massimo, Natili, Andrea, Depalma, Norma, Iannone, Immacolata, Antoniozzi, Angelo, Rossi, Davide, Gui, Daniele, Perrotta, Gerardo, Ripa, Matteo, Giardino, Francesco Ruben, Foco, Maurizio, Vicario, Erika, Nita, Gabriela Elisa, Leone, Nicoletta, Simioni, Andrea, De Boni, Davide, Pasquali, Sandro, Goldin, Elena, Vendramin, Elena, Ciccioli, Eleonora, Tedeschi, Umberto, Violi, Paola, Campagnaro, Tommaso, Conci, Simone, Lazzari, Giovanni, Iacono, Calogero, Gulielmi, Alfredo, Manfreda, Serena, Rinaldi, Anna, Ringressi, Maria Novella, Brunoni, Beatrice, Salamone, Giuseppe, Mangiapane, Mirko, De Marco, Paolino, La Brocca, Antonella, Tutino, Roberta, Silvestri, Vania, Licari, Leo, Fontana, Tommaso, Falco, Nicolò, Cocorullo, Gianfranco, Shalaby, Mostafa, Sileri, Pierpaolo, Arcudi, Claudio, Bsisu, Isam, Aljboor, Khaled, Abusalem, Lana, Alnusairat, Aseel, Qaissieh, Ahmad, Al‐Dakka, Emad, Ababneh, Ali, Halhouli, Oday, Yusufali, Taha, Mohammed, Hussein, Lando, Justu, Parker, Robert, Ndegwa, Wairimu, Gribauskaite, Jolanta, Kuliavas, Justa, Dulskas, Audriu, Samalavicius, Narimantas E., Jasaitis, Kristijona, Parseliunas, Audriu, Nevieraite, Viktorija, Slapelyte, Evelina, Dainius, Edvina, Subocius, Andreju, Venclauskas, Lina, Gulbinas, Antana, Kasputyte, Simona, Mikuckyte, Deimante, Kiudelis, Mindauga, Jankus, Toma, Petrikenas, Stepona, Pažuskis, Mata, Urniežius, Zigmanta, Vilčinskas, Manta, Banaitis, Vincas Jona, Gaižauskas, Vytauta, Grisin, Edvard, Mazrimas, Povila, Drungilas, Manta, Lagunavicius, Karoli, Lipnickas, Vytauta, Majauskyté, Dovilè, Abaliksta, Toma, Uščinas, Laimona, Simutis, Gintara, Ladukas, Adoma, Danys, Donata, Sruogiene, Elena Zdanyte, Višinskas, Petra, Žilinskienė, Reda, Dragatas, Deivida, Burmistrovas, Andriu, Tverskis, Zygimanta, Vaicius, Artura, Mazelyte, Ruta, Zadoroznas, Antana, Žiubrytė, Greta, Rahantasoa, Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence, Samison, Luc Hervé, Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Fanjandrainy, Tolotra, Todisoa Emmanuella Christina, Mukuzunga, Corneliu, Kwatiwani, Chimwemwe, Msiska, Nelson, Chai, Feng Yih, Asilah, Siti Mohd Desa, Syibrah, Khuzaimah Zahid, Chin, Pui Xin, Riswan, Nur Zulaika, Chong, Hoong‐Yin, Aziz, Nora Abdul, Poh, Keat‐Seong, Chai, Chu‐Ann, Kumar, Sandip, Taher, Mustafa Mohammed, Aziz, Dayang Nita Abdul, Julaihi, Rokayah, Jethwani, Durvesh Lacthman, Yahaya, Muhammad Taqiyuddin, Mathew, Susan Wndy, Chung, Kuet Jun, Nirumal, Milaksh Kumar, Tze, R. Goh Ern, Ali, Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan, Gan, Yiing Yee, Ting, Jesse Ron Swire, Sii, Samuel S. Y., Koay, Kean Leong, Tan, Yi Koon, Cheah, Alvin Ee Zhiun, Wong, Chui Yee, Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat, Tuan, Chow, Crystal Yern Nee, Har, Prisca A.L., Der, Yishan, Henry, Fitjerald, Low, Xinwei, Neo, Ya Theng, Heng, Hian Ee, Kong, Shu Ning, Gan, Cheewei, Mok, Yi Ting, Tan, Yee Wen, Palayan, Kandasami, Tata, Mahadevan Deva, Cheong, Yih Jeng, Gunaseelan, Kuhaendran, 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir, Wan Nurul, Yoganathan, Pigeneswaren, Lee, Eu Xian, Saw, Jian Er, Yeang, Li Jing, Koh, Pei Ying, Lim, Shyang Yee, Teo, Shuang Yi, Grech, Nicole, Magri, Daniela, Cassar, Kristina, Mizzi, Christine, Falzon, Malcolm, Shaikh, Nihaal, Scicluna, Ruth, Zammit, Stefan, Mizzi, Sean, Brincat, Svetlana Dori, Tembo, Thelma, Le, Vu Thanh Hien, Grima, Tara, Sammut, Keith, Carabott, Kurt, Zarb, Ciskje, Navarro, Andre, Dimech, Thea, Camilleri, Georgette Marie, Bertuello, Isaac, Dalli, Jeffrey, Bonavia, Karl, Corro‐Diaz, Samantha, Manriquez‐Reyes, Marisol, Abdelhamid, Amina, Hrora, Abdelmalek, Benammi, Sarah, Bachri, Houda, Abbouch, Meryem, Boukhal, Khaoula, Bennai, Redouane Mammar, Belkouchi, Abdelkader, Jabal, Mohamed Sobhi, Benyaiche, Chaymae, Vermaas, Maarten, Duinhouwer, Lucia, Pastora, Javier, Wood, Greta, Merlo, Maria Soledad, Ajao, Akinlabi, Ayandipo, Omobolaji, Lawal, Taiwo, Abdurrazzaaq, Abdussemiu, Alada, Muslimat, Nasir, Abdulrasheed, Habeeb, Olufemi, Mendel, Henry, Bello, Bashir, Muktar, Umar, Olajide, Thomas Olagboyega, Oshati, Oyindamola, Ihediwa, George, Adenekan, Babajide, Nwinee, Victor, Lawal, Abdulrazzaq, Bode, Chri, Olugbemi, Mojolaoluwa, Odutola, Oluwatomi, Adebola, Oluwaseyi, Onuoha, Clement, Balogun, Fatai, Ajai, Olalekan, Njokanma, Iloba, Kache, Stephen, Ajah, Jonathan, Makama, Jerry, Adamu, Ahmed, Baba, Suleiman, Aliyu, Mohammad, Aliyu, Shamsudeen, Ukwenya, Yahaya, Aliyu, Halima, Sholadoye, Tunde, Daniyan, Muhammad, Ogunsua, Oluseyi, Sheshe, Abdurrahaman, Mshelbwala, Philip, Samson, Garba, Timothy, Oyediran Kehinde, Samuel, Sani Ali, Ajiboye, Anthony, Amole, Isaac, Abiola, Olajide, Olaolorun, Akin, Veen, Torhild, Kanani, Arezo, Styles, Kristian, Herikstad, Ragnar, Larsen, Johannes Wiik, Søreide, Jon Arne, Jensen, Elisabeth, Gran, Mad, Aahlin, Eirik Kju, Gaarder, Tina, Monrad‐Hansen, Peter Wiel, Næss, Pål Aksel, Lauzikas, Giedriu, Wiborg, Joachim, Holte, Silje, Augestad, Knut Magne, Banipal, Gurpreet Singh, Moe, Thomas Teten, Schultz, Johannes Kurt, Al‐taher, Taher, Hamdan, Ayah, Salman, Ayman, Saadeh, Rana, Musleh, Aseel, Jaradat, Dana, Abushamleh, Soha, Hanoun, Sakhaa, Qumbos, Amjad Abu, Hamarshi, Aseel, Taher, Ayman And, Qawasmi, Israa, Qurie, Khalid, Altarayra, Marwa, Ghannam, Mohammad, Shaheen, Alaa, Herebat, Azher, Abdelhaq, Aram, Shalabi, Ahmad, Abu‐toyour, Maram, Asi, Fatema, Shamasneh, Ala, Atiyeh, Anwar, Mustafa, Mousa, Zaa'treh, Rula, Dabboor, Majd, Alaloul, Ena, Baraka, Heba, Meqbil, Jehad, Al‐Buhaisi, Alaa, Elshami, Mohamedraed, Afana, Samah, Jaber, Sahar, Alyacoubi, Said, Abuowda, Yousef, Idress, Tasneem, Abuqwaider, Eman, Al‐saqqa, Sara, Bowabsak, Alaa, El Jamassi, Alaa, Hasanain, Doaa, Al‐farram, Hadeel, Salah, Maram, Firwana, Aya, Hamdan, Marwa, Awad, Israa, Ashour, Ahmad, Al Barrawi, Fayez Elian, Al‐khatib, Ahmed, Al‐faqawi, Maha, Fares, Mohamed, Elmashala, Amjad, Adawi, Mohammad, Adawi, Ihdaa, Khreishi, Reem, Khreishi, Rose, ashour, Ahmad, Ghaben, Ahed, Nadeem, Najwa, Saqlain, Muhammad, Abbasy, Jibran, Alvi, Abdul Rehman, Shahzad, Noman, Butt, Muhammad Talha, Asaat ul Razi, Syed, Ahmed, Asdaq, Niazi, Ali Khan, Raza, Ibrahim, Baluch, Fatima, Raza, Ahmed, Bani‐Sadar, Ahmad, Adil, Muhammad, Raza, Awai, Javaid, Mahnoor, Waqar, Muhammad, Khan, Maryam Ali, Arshad, Mohammad Mohsin, Amjad, Mohammadasim, Cardozo, Jorge Torre, Roche, Marcelo O'Higgin, Servin, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen, Lopez, Larissa Ines Páez, Cardozo, Ramón Augusto Melo, Espinoza, Fernando, Rojas, Angel David Pérez, Sanchez, Diana, Samaniego, Camila Sanchez, Torres, Shalon Guevara, Calua, Alexander Canta, Razuri, Cesar, Ortiz, Nadia, Rodriguez, Xianelle, Carrasco, Nahilia, Saravia, Fridiz, Miyasato, Hector Shibao, Valcarcel‐Saldaña, María, Bermúdez, Ysabel Esthefany Alejo, Carpio, Juan, Panez, Walter Ruiz, Orbegozo, Pedro Angel Toribio, Dueñas, Carolina Guzmán, Espinoza, Kevin Turpo, Barrantes, Ana Maria Sandoval, Bravo, Jorge Armando Chungui, Fuentes‐Rivera, Lorena, Fernández, Carmen, Málaga, Bárbara, Ye, Joselyn, Velasquez, Ricardo, Salcedo, Jannin, Contreras‐Vergara, Ana Lucia, Mejia, Angelica Genoveva Vergara, Montejo, Maria Soledad Gonzale, Salas, Marilia Del Carmen Escalante, Ticona, Willy Alcca, Vargas, Marvin, Sila, George Christian Manrique, Mas, Robinson, Pilar Paucar, Arazzelly, Velásquez, Armando José Román, Robledo‐Rabanal, Alina, Solis, Ludwing Alexander Zeta, Espinoza, Kenny Turpo, Hamaguchi, José Luis Hamasaki, Farfan, Erick Samuel Florez, Barrientos, Linda Alvi Madrid, Matta, Juan Jaime Herrera, Mora, John Jemuel V., Redota, Menold Archee P., Roxas, Manuel Francisco, Maño, Maria Jesusa B., Parreno‐Sacdalan, Marie Dione, Almanon, Christel Leanne, Walędziak, Maciej, Roszkowski, Rafał, Janik, Michał, Lasek, Anna, Radkowiak, Dorota, Rubinkiewicz, Mateusz, Fernandes, Cristina, Muntean, Liviu, Popa, Mariuca, Mircea, Hogea, Diaconescu, Bogdan, Bratu, Matei Razvan, Negoi, Ionut, Ciubotaru, Cezar, Uzabumwana, Norbert, Duhoranenayo, Dieudonne, Idris, Faisal, Alghamdi, Mohammed Saleh A., Maghrabi, Ashraf, Alkaaki, Aroub, Turkustani, Sondo, Khalifah, Eyad, Albiety, Adel, Sahel, Sarah, Alshareef, Reham, Alzahrani, Mohammed Najjar Ahmed, Alghamdi, Ahmed, Alhazmi, Wedyan, Al Saied, Ghiath, Alamoudi, Mohammed, Riaz, Muhammed Masood, Alhassan, Basmah, Altamimi, Abdullah, Alyahya, Reem, Al Subaie, Norah, Al Bastawis, Fatema, Khan, Roaa, Radojkovic, Milan, Jeremic, Ljiljana, Nestorovic, Milica, Law, Jia Hao, Tan, Keith Say Kwang, Tan, Ryan Choon Kiat, Tan, Joel Kin, Joel, Lau Wen Liang, Chan, Xue Wei, Leong, Faith Qi Hui, Chong, Choon Seng, Koh, Sharon, Lee, Kai Yin, Lee, Kuok Chung, Pluke, Kent, Dedekind, Britta, Nashidengo, Puyearashid, Hampton, Mark Ian, Joosten, Johanna, Sobnach, Sanju, Roodt, Liana, Sander, Anthony, Pape, Jame, Maistry, Niveshni, Ndwambi, Phumudzo, Kinandu, Kamau, Du Toit, Frederick, Ellison, Quinn, Burger, Sule, Grobler, DC, Khulu, Lawrence Bongani, Leusink, Astrid, Kariem, Nazmie, Gouws, Juan, Chu, Kathryn, Bougard, Heather, Noor, Fazlin, Dell, Angela, Van Straten, Stephanie, Khamajeet, Arvin, Tshisola, Serge Kapenda, Kabongo, Kalangu, Moodley, Yoshan, Anderson, Frank, Madiba, Thandinkosi, Plooy, Flip, Hartford, Leila, Chilton, Gareth, Karjiker, Parveen, Mabitsela, Matlou Ernest, Ndlovu, Sibongile Ruth, Badicel, Maria, Jaich, Robert, Ruiz‐Tovar, Jaime, Garcia‐Florez, Lui, Otero‐Díez, Jorge L., Pérez, Virginia Ramo, Suárez, Nuria Aguado, García, Javier Minguez, Moreno, Sara Corral, Collado, Maria Vicenta, Carneros, Virginia Jiménez, Septiem, Javier García, Gonzalez, Mariana, Picardo, Antonio, Esteban, Enrique, Ferrero, Esther, Espin‐Basany, Eloy, Blanco‐Colino, Ruth, Andriola, Valeria, Contreras, Elisa, Bernardo, Carmen García, Sanz, Sandra, León, Alberto Miyar, Dorismé, Asnel, Rodicio, Joselui, Suarez, Aida, Stuva, Jessica, Vico, Tamara Diaz, Fernandez‐Vega, Laura, Soldevila‐Verdeguer, Carla, Sena‐Ruiz, Fatima, Pujol‐Cano, Natalia, Diaz‐Jover, Paula, Garcia‐Perez, José Maria, Segura‐Sampedro, Juan Jose, Pineño‐Flores, Cristina, Ambrona‐Zafra, David, Craus‐Miguel, Andrea, Jimenez‐Morillas, Patricia, Mazzella, Angela, Jayathilake, A.B, Thalgaspitiya, S.P.B, Wijayarathna, L.S., Wimalge, P.M.S.N., Sanni, Hakeem Ayomi, Okenabirhie, Ogheneochuko, Homeida, Anmar, Younis, Abobaker, Omer, Omer Abdelbagi, Abdulaziz, Mustafa, Mussad, Ali, Adam, Ali, Sokratous, Aresti, Breistrand, Michaela, Sigurdadottir, Johanna, Nikberg, Maziar, Chabok, Abba, Elbe, Peter, Saraste, Deborah, Rutkowski, Wiktor, Forlin, Louise, Niska, Karoliina, Oswald, Denni, Peros, Georgio, Bluelle, Rafael, Reinisch, Katharina, Frey, Daniel, Palma, Adrian, Zumbühl, Luciu, Werder, Gabriela, Mahanty, Silke, Widmer, Lukas Werner, Müller, Julia, Gübeli, Alissa, Zuk, Grzegorz, Gulcicek, Osman Bilgin, Vartanoglu, Talar, Kose, Emin, Karahan, Servet Rustu, Aydin, Mehmet Can, Sahbaz, Nuri Alper, Halicioglu, Ilkay, Alis, Halil, Sapci, Ipek, Adıyaman, Can, Pektaş, Ahmet Murat, Cengiz, Turgut Bora, Tansoker, Ilkan, Işler, Vedatcan, Cevik, Muazzez, Mutlu, Deniz, Ozben, Volkan, Ozmen, Berk Bari, Bayram, Sefa, Yolcu, Sinem, Kobal, Berna Buse, Toto, Ömer Faruk, Çakaloğlu, Haluk Cem, Karabulut, Kagan, Mutlu, Vahit, Celik, Saban, Semiz, Anil, Bodur, Selim, Gül, Enisburak, Murutoglu, Busra, Yildirim, Reyyan, Baki, Bahadir Emre, Arslan, Ekin, Ulusahin, Mehmet, Guner, Ali, Walker, Nathan, Shrimanker, Nikhita, Cole, Simon, Breslin, Ryan, Srinivasan, Ravi, Hunter, Kristina, Al‐Bahrani, Ahmed, Mairs, Nora Grace, Rocke, Alistair, Dick, Lachlan, Qureshi, Mobeen, Chowdhury, Debkumar, Wright, Naomi, Skerritt, Clare, Kufeji, Dorothy, Ho, Adrienne, Dissanayake, Tharindra, Tennakoon, Athula, Ali, Wadah, Tan, Charlene, O'Neill, Stephen, Knight, Stephen, Nassif, Dima, Sharma, Abhishek, White, Rebecca, Mehdi, Aia, Post, Nathan, Kalakouti, Eliana, Dashnyam, Enkhbat, Stourton, Frederick, Mykoniatis, Ioanni, Wong, Francisca, Gupta, Ashish, Shatkar, Veeranna, Kadiwar, Suraj, Smedley, Alexander, Wakefield, Rebecca, Herrod, Philip, Blackwell, Jame, Cohen, Fraser, Bandi, Ashwath, Bond‐Smith, Gile, Farhangmehr, Neda, Perenyei, Miklo, Ireland, Philip, Bowling, Kirk, Bunting, David, Longstaff, Lydia, Keogh, Kenneth, Jeon, Hyunjin, Iqbal, Muhammad Rafaih, Khosla, Shivun, Jeffery, Anna, Perera, Jame, Alhammali, Tariq, Oram, Shaun, Kidd, Thoma, Cullen, Fraser, Owen, Christopher, Wilson, Michael, Chiu, Seehui, Sarafilovic, Hannah, Ploski, Jennifer, Evans, Elizabeth, Abbas, Athar, Kamya, Sylvia, Ishak, Norzawani, Bisset, Carly, Andress, Cedar, Chin, Ye Ru, Patel, Priya, Evans, David, Haslegrave, Aidan, Boggon, Adam, Laurie, Kirsten, Mann, Thoma, Mansuri, Anahita, Davies, Rachel, Shahbaz, Aized Raza, Eng, Calvin, Din, Farhat, L'Heveder, Ariadne, Park, Esther H.G., Ravishankar, Ramanish, McIntosh, Kirsten, Yau, Jih Dar, Chan, Luke, McGarvie, Susan, Tang, Lingshan, Lim, Hui, Yap, Suhhuey, Park, Jay, Ng, Zhan Herr, Mirza, Shahrukh, Ang, Yun Lin, Walls, Luke, Roy, Chloe, Paterson‐Brown, Simon, Mclean, Kenneth, D'Souza, Michelle S, Pronin, Savva, Henshall, David Ewart, Ter, Eunice Zuling, English, William, Morgan, Catrin, Townsend, Dominic, Maciejec, Laura, Mahdi, Shareef, Akpenyi, Onyinye, Hall, Elisabeth, Caydiid, Hanaan, Rob, Zakaria, Abbott, Tom, Torrance, Hew D, Johnston, Robin, Gani, Mohammed Akil, Rajmohan, Shivanchan, Majid, Kiran, Smith, Christopher, Palliyil, Madanmohan, Patel, Sanjay, Nicholson, Luke, Harvey, Neil, Shillito, Sam, Kershaw, Suzanne, Bamford, Rebecca, Orton, Peter, Reunis, Elke, Jama, Guled M., Dhillon, Dharminder, Patel, Khyati, Nanthakumaran, Shayanthan, Heard, Rachel, Chen, Kar Yan, Barmayehvar, Behrad, Datta, Uttaran, Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Tani, Sobhana Iftekhar, Donnelly, Philippa, Walker, Michael, Blacker, Sarah, Kaul, Anil, Paramasivan, Arjun, Farag, Sameh, Nessa, Ashrafun, Awadallah, Salwa, Lim, Jieqi, Ng, James Chean Khun, Kiran, Ravi P., Murray, Alice, Dasari, Mohini, Puyana, Juan, Haddad, Nadeem, Zielinski, Martin, Choudhry, Asad, Caliman, Celeste, Beamon, Mieshia, Duane, Therese, Myers, Jonathan, Deal, Rebecca, Makupe, Alex, Musowoya, Joseph, Van Der Naald, Niel, Kumwenda, Dayson, Reece‐Smith, Alex, Otten, Kar, Verbeek, Anna, Prins, Marloe, Suarez, Alibeth Andres Baquero, Deane, Chelsea, Dijan, Emilio, Elfiky, Mahmoud, Koskenvuo, Laura, Thollot, Aurore, Limoges, Bernard, Capito, Carmen, Alexandre, Challine, Kotobi, Henri, Leroux, Julien, Pinnagoda, Kalitha, Henric, Nicola, Azzis, Olivier, Rosello, Olivier, Francois, Poddevin, Etienne, Sara, Buisson, Philippe, Hmila, Sophian, Clegg‐Lamptey, Joe‐Nat, Imoro, Osman, Abem, Owusu Emmanuel, Papageorgiou, Dimitrio, Soulou, Vasiliki, Asturias, Sabrina, Peña, Lenin, O'Connor, Donal B, Luc, Alberto Reali, Russo, Alfio Alessandro, Ruzzenente, Andrea, Taddei, Antonio, Cona, Camilla, Bottini, Corrado, Pascale, Giovanni, Rotunno, Giuseppe, Solaini, Leonardo, Pascale, Marco Maria, Notarnicola, Margherita, Corbellino, Mario, Sacco, Michele, Ubiali, Paolo, Cautiero, Roberto, Bocchetti, Tommaso, Muzio, Elena, Guglielmo, Vania, Morandi, Eugenio, Mao, Patrizio, De Luca, Emilia, Ali, Farah Mahmoud, Žilinskas, Justa, Kondrotas, Pauliu, Baltrunas, Roberta, Kutkevicius, Juoza, Ignatavicius, Povila, Tan, Choy Ling, Siaw, Jia Yng, Yam, Sir Young, Wilson, Ling, Aziz, Mohamed Rezal Abdul, Bondin, John, Zorrilla, Carmina Diaz, Majbar, Ana, Sale, Danjuma, Abdullahi, Lawal, Osagie, Olabisi, Faboya, Omolara, Fatuga, Adedeji, Taiwo, Agboola, Nwabuoku, Emeka, Bliksøen, Marte, Khan, Zain Ali, Coronel, Jazmin, Miranda, Cesar, Vasquez, Idelso, Helguero‐Santin, Luis M., Rickard, Jennifer, Adedeji, Adesina, Alqahtani, Saleh, Rath, Max, Van Niekerk, Michael, Koto, Modise Zacharia, Matos‐Puig, Roel, Israelsson, Leif, Schuetz, Tobia, Yuksek, Mahmut Arif, Mericliler, Meric, Uluşahin, Mehmet, Yong, Guo Liang, Whitehurst, Katharine, Redgrave, Natalie, Musyoka, Caroluce K, Olivier, Jame, Lee, Kathryn, Cox, Michael, Farhan‐Alanie, Muhamed M H, Callan, Rory, Chibuye, Chali, Ali, Tebian Hassanein Ahmed, Rekhis, Syrine, Rommaneh, Muna, Sam, Zi Hao, Chen, Jacky Hong Chieh, Roi, Dylan, Pugliesi, Thays Brunelli, Pardo, Gabriel, Blanco, Ruth, Escobar, Eugenio Grasset, GlobSurg Collaboration, Group, and Sileri, P

Subjects
Male, modelos logísticos, medicine.medical_treatment, humanos, surgial care, Colorectal Neoplasm, países desarrollados, Logistic regression, outcomes, Global Health, urgencias médicas, 0302 clinical medicine, países en desarrollo, Surgical, estudios prospectivos, Colostomy, 80 and over, globalsurg, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Multivariate Analysi, mediana edad, Cancer, Aged, 80 and over, Emergencie, anciano, Anastomosis, colorectal resection, colostomy, Anastomosis, Surgical, General Medicine, Middle Aged, adulto, colostomy, colorectal cancer, human developlment index, 3. Good health, Colo-Rectal Cancer, traditional healers, Elective Surgical Procedures, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, 6.4 Surgery, low income, Cohort study, Human, Developed Countrie, Adult, Aged, Emergencies, Humans, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, medicine.medical_specialty, neoplasias colorrectales, Logistic Model, cancer, anastomosis, surgical, income, stomas, colostomy procedure, colorectal resection, end colostomy, emergency surgical procedure, human development index, delay, Anastomosis, Perforation (oil well), lcsh:Surgery, GlobalSurg Collaborative, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Case mix index, Clinical Research, medicine, cancer, análisis multifactorial, emergency abdominal surgery, low income, surgial care, traditional healers, cancer, mortality, outcomes, delay, Elective Surgical Procedure, business.industry, Kirurgi, left colon resection, anastomosis, end colostomy, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, lcsh:RD1-811, Odds ratio, mortality, Surgery, Prospective Studie, business, Digestive Diseases, colostomía, emergency abdominal surgery
Abstract

Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results: In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6.9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15.5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77.6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57.5, 40.9 and 35.4 per cent; P, Medical Research Council, MR/N022114/1; National Institute for Health Research, 16/136/79

Published
2019

48. AIS: Artificial Intelligent Soccer

Author

Tania Barrera, Maximiliano Aubel, Felipe Osorio, Ricardo Alfaro, Daniel Torres, Pablo Yañez, Sebastian Castillo, Tomás Rodenas, Pablo Reyes, Felipe Pinto, Ignacio Vicencio, Nicolás Hernandez, Jorge Alvarez, and Sung Hee Kim

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Artificial intelligence, business
Published
2019

49. Perverted Downward Corrective Saccades During Horizontal Head Impulses in Chiari Malformation

Author

Ji Soo Kim, Sung Hee Kim, and Hyo Jung Kim

Subjects
Cerebellum, genetic structures, business.industry, Nystagmus, Anatomy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Nystagmus, Pathologic, Downbeat nystagmus, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Reflex, medicine, Saccades, Skew deviation, Humans, Female, Neurology (clinical), Brainstem, medicine.symptom, business, Tilt (camera), Head Impulse Test, Chiari malformation
Abstract

The mechanism of perverted vertical responses during horizontal head impulse tests (HITs) requires further elucidation. A 47-year-old woman with a Chiari malformation showed alternating skew deviation, downbeat nystagmus with an increasing slow phase velocity, impaired smooth pursuit, and upward ocular deviation during horizontal HITs and corrective downward saccades in the presence of normal bithermal caloric tests and intact tilt suppressions of the post-rotatory nystagmus. These findings suggest dysfunction of the inferior cerebellum including the tonsil, nodulus, and uvula. We propose that disruption of signals from the medial part of the vestibulocerebellum, which normally inhibits the lateral and anterior canal pathways, may elicit an upward misdirection of the eye velocity during rapid horizontal head rotation. Otherwise, the Chiari malformation may have directly affected the brainstem structures involved in the direction matrix of the vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Published
2019

50. Modulation of acquired monocular pendular nystagmus in multiple sclerosis: A modeling approach

Author

Ileok Jung, Sung Hee Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Jeong Yoon Choi, and Ji Soo Kim

Subjects
Acquired pendular nystagmus, Visual integration, medicine.medical_specialty, Monocular, genetic structures, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Nystagmus, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Optic neuropathy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pendular nystagmus, Ophthalmology, medicine, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Acquired pendular nystagmus (APN) often occurs in association with the disorders affecting the visual system, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The proposed mechanisms of APN in MS have been a delayed conduction of the visual information for ocular stabilization and unstable neural integrator for feedback controls. We determined the effects of visual inputs on the nystagmus intensity and the effects of saccades on phase shift of the nystagmus in a patient with monocular pendular nystagmus from MS. In this patient, (1) during binocular viewing in the light, the nystagmus was observed only in the eye with more severe visual loss, (2) the nystagmus disappeared in darkness, (3) monocular viewing with either eye markedly suppressed the nystagmus, (4) the nystagmus decreased when the visual inputs became less asymmetric between the eyes, and (5) saccades resulted in a phase shift of the nystagmus. From these results, we propose that the difference in the visual inputs between the eyes is responsible for monocular APN by disturbing visual integration and increasing instability of the feedback.

Published
2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results