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This study investigates the dynamic analysis of parametrically excited marine riser under simultaneous stochastic waves and vortex. A general analysis considers the parametric excitation resulting from platform motion, ocean wave loading directly on the rise, and vortex-shedding excitation due to flow bypassing the risers. Stochastic wave force and vortex excitation acting on the riser in the time domain is formulated by the stochastic phase spectrum method and derived by the linear-wave theory using a Pierson–Moskowitz wave spectrum to simulate real sea conditions. A derived parametrically excited top tensioned riser model subjected to simultaneous stochastic waves and vortex excitations is proposed. The efficacy of the present method is assessed by solutions obtained from other existing methods and experimental data of two test models. The present method is evaluated by solutions computed from existing methods and experimental data of two test models, and a general good agreement of the analyses between the proposed approach and other methods is observed. The availability of resonance, parametric stability, energy distribution and transfer, and the sensitivity of key parameters estimated by single-frequency and multi-frequency excitation are compared and discussed. Comparing with the results obtained from the harmonic excitation method, the present method can be used to make more reasonable and accurate calculations of the dynamic response of risers operating in real sea conditions.

A simplified analysis model of cable for submerged floating tunnel subjected to simultaneous hydrodynamic force and earthquake-excited vibrations in an ocean environment is proposed in this study. The equation of motion of the cable is obtained by a mathematical method utilizing the Euler beam theory and the Galerkin method. The hydrodynamic force induced by earthquake excitations is formulated to simulate real seaquake conditions. Random earthquake records are generated in the time domain by the stochastic-phase spectrum method. The cable for submerged floating tunnel is then subjected to combined hydrodynamic force and earthquake excitations. A sensitivity study is performed to assess the influence of key parameters, including hydrodynamic, earthquake, and structural parameters, on the dynamic response of the cable. It has been observed that the ratio of parametric frequency to natural frequency, the direction and magnitude of earthquake excitation, the initial tension in the cable, and the damping ratio all have significant influences on the hydrodynamic and seismic response of the cable. Therefore, these effects must be considered rigorously during the design of anchor systems for submerged floating tunnel.

Oncolytic viral therapy has been accepted as a standard immunotherapy since talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC, Imlygic®) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for melanoma treatment in 2015. Various oncolytic viruses (OVs), such as HF10 (Canerpaturev—C-REV) and CVA21 (CAVATAK), are now actively being developed in phase II as monotherapies, or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors against melanoma. Moreover, in glioma, several OVs have clearly demonstrated both safety and a promising efficacy in the phase I clinical trials. Additionally, the safety of several OVs, such as pelareorep (Reolysin®), proved their safety and efficacy in combination with paclitaxel in breast cancer patients, but the outcomes of OVs as monotherapy against breast cancer have not provided a clear therapeutic strategy for OVs. The clinical trials of OVs against pancreatic cancer have not yet demonstrated efficacy as either monotherapy or as part of combination therapy. However, there are several oncolytic viruses that have successfully proved their efficacy in different preclinical models. In this review, we mainly focused on the oncolytic viruses that transitioned into clinical trials against melanoma, glioma, pancreatic, and breast cancers. Hence, we described the current status and future prospects of OVs clinical trials against melanoma, glioma, pancreatic, and breast cancers.

Oncolytic viruses are opening new possibilities in cancer therapy with their unique mechanism of selective replication within tumor cells and triggering of anti-tumor immune responses. HF10 is an oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) with a unique genomic structure that has non-engineered deletions and insertions accompanied by frame shift mutations, in contrast to the majority of engineered oncolytic viruses. At the genetic level, HF10 naturally lacks the expression of UL43, UL49.5, UL55, UL56, and latency-associated transcripts, and overexpresses UL53 and UL54. In preclinical studies, HF10 replicated efficiently within tumor cells with extensive cytolytic effects and induced increased numbers of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells within the tumor, leading to a significant reduction in tumor growth and prolonged survival rates. Investigator-initiated clinical studies of HF10 have been completed in recurrent breast carcinoma, head and neck cancer, and unresectable pancreatic cancer in Japan. Phase I trials were subsequently completed in refractory superficial cancers and melanoma in the United States. HF10 has been demonstrated to have a high safety margin with low frequency of adverse effects in all treated patients. Interestingly, HF10 antigens were detected in pancreatic carcinoma over 300 days after treatment with infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which enhanced the immune response. To date, preliminary results from a Phase II trial have indicated that HF10 in combination with ipilimumab (anti–CTLA-4) is safe and well tolerated, with high anti-tumor efficacy. Improvement of the effect of ipilimumab was observed in patients with stage IIIb, IIIc, or IV unresectable or metastatic melanoma. This review provides a concise description of the genomic functional organization of HF10 compared with talimogene laherparepvec. Furthermore, this review focuses on HF10 in cancer treatment as monotherapy as well as in combination therapy through a concise description of all preclinical and clinical data. In addition, we will address approaches for future directions in HF10 studies as cancer therapy.

A modified method based uniform circular array for wide frequency band is presented in this paper in order to estimate parameters of signal frequency, azimuth angle and elevation angle. In the method a new matrix, which is called cumulants-based mixed direction-of-arrival (DOA) matrix, is formed by the special structure of uniform circular array. Under the condition of sub-Nyquist spatio-temporal sampling, we can estimate no ambiguous frequency, and then we can get no ambiguous 2-D angles by general eigen-decomposed of mixed DOA matrix pencil. The modified method can realize the azimuth and elevation angle that are automatically paired with frequency.

Neural network is an effective method for turbojet modeling in wind milling, but its deficiency in generalization ability has restricted its application in engineering. Nonlinear PCA (principal component analysis), although is very effective in decreasing the dimensions of input variable and subsequently improving neural network's generalization ability, it has difficulty in finding an appropriate nonlinear transform in engineering application. A method, which can be applied in turbojet modeling in wind milling based on neural network, is proposed in this paper. By incorporating priori knowledge of dynamic and static state of rotor, similar parameters and the relationship between residual power and acceleration, this method not only decreases the neural network's dimensions reasonably and improves its generation ability greatly, but overcomes difficulties of nonlinear PCA. The simulation results prove the method to be simple and effective.

We developed a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) strategy for detecting the blade echo-signal of a hovering helicopter with phased array airborne early warning (AEW) radar, which is based on the time-space cascaded adaptive processing approach (TSA) and "multi-Doppler channels joint detection" technique. The configuration of detector is given, the performance of the detector is analyzed, and the feasibility and effectiveness are verified with computer simulations.