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Approaches of internationalization of higher education (HE) have stimulated numerous countries to concurrently formulating innovative policies and strategies to make their higher educational institutions (HEIs) globally competitive. This has the aim to attract more international students and talents. In the view of this, many countries adopt different approaches to internationalize their HEIs. It is of this background the study has explored how the Chinese government’s strategy and approaches boost up the attraction of international students to Chinese HE and to augment their internationalization practices. The study adopted qualitative research methodology, specifically employed interview and document analysis. Fifteen students were interviewed from three universities in Beijing. The study showed the role of the Chinese government and their strategies through scholarship provision and other programs to beef up the internationalization of Chinese HEIs. The study concluded by recommending that the HEIs should pay much attention to the quality education to international students not only been enthused with the quantitative nature of internationalization.

This paper uses panel data from 9381 samples of listed companies in China’s A-share market from 2013 to 2018 to regress. Based on the theoretical analysis, this article explores the relationship between China’s corporate social responsibility and the stock market crash risk, adding variables to examine the moderating effects of corporate social capital. Through the empirical research, this paper finds the conclusion that there is a negative correlation between corporate social responsibility and the risk of stock price crash. At the same time, corporate social capital has the moderating effects in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the stock price crash risk. According to the conclusions, this article puts forward the suggestion that enterprises should enhance their awareness of social responsibility and actively fulfill their social responsibilities, and management should also focus on accumulating social capital.

Aim To analyze the effect of preserving the left colic artery (LCA) on long-term oncologic outcomes during laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer. Methods Clinicopathological and follow-up patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer in general surgery department of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively collected. According to the difference surgical methods of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), 159 cases were divided into the LCA preservation group and 225 cases in the LCA non-preservation group. The 5-year rates of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between two group. Results 384 patients were included in final analysis. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 7 patients (4.4%) in the LCA preservation group and in 16 patients (7.1%) in the LCA non-preservation group. The follow-up rate was 91.2% (145/159) during 5–60 months in LCA preservation group, and 89.8% (202/225) during 5–60 months in the LCA non-preservation group. The number of patients who developed death, local recurrence and metastasis were 59 (37.1%), 13 (8.2%) and 60 (37.7%) in the LCA preservation group, and 86 (38.2%), 20 (8.9%) and 92 (40.9%) in the LCA non-preservation group, without significant differences (all P ༞ 0.05). The 5-year OS and DFS rates were 69.0% and 59.3% in the LCA preservation group, and 68.8% and 55.9% in the LCA non-preservation group, without significant differences (all P ༞ 0.05). After stratification by TNM Stage, the difference on 5-year OS rates and DFS rates of I stage, II stage and III stage in two groups were no significant as well (all P ༞ 0.05). Conclusions The long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer with preservation of the LCA are comparable with ligation at origin of IMA.

Background There is uncertainty in the literature about preserving the left colic artery (LCA) during low anterior resection for rectal cancer. We analyzed the effect of preserving the LCA on long-term oncological outcomes. Methods We retrospectively collected clinicopathological and follow-up details of patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer in the General Surgery Department of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, from January 2014 to December 2015. Cases were divided into low ligation (LL), LCA preserved, or high ligation (HL), LCA not preserved, of the inferior mesenteric artery. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were compared between the two groups. Results Altogether, there were 221 and 295 cases in the LL group and HL groups, respectively. Operating time in the LL group was significantly longer than in the HL group (224.7 vs. 211.7 min, p = 0.039). Postoperative 30-day mortality, early complications including anastomotic leakage showed no significant differences between the LL and HL groups (postoperative 30-day mortality, 0.9% LL, 1.4% HL, p = 0.884; early complications, 41.2% LL, 38.3% HL, p = 0.509; anastomotic leakage 8.6% LL, 13.2% HL, p = 0.100). The median follow-up periods were 51.4 (7–61) months in the LL group and 51.2 (8–61) months in the HL group. During follow-up, the percentages of patients who died, had local recurrence, or had metastases were 39.8, 7.7, and 38.5%, respectively, in the LL group and 39, 8.5, and 40%, respectively, in the HL group; these differences were not significant (all p > 0.05). The 5-year OS and DFS were 69.6 and 59.6% in the LL group, respectively, and 69.1 and 56.2% in the HL group, respectively; these differences were not significant (all p > 0.05). After stratification by tumor-node-metastasis stage, the difference between the 5-year OS and DFS for stages I, II, and III cancer were not significant (all p > 0.05). Conclusions The long-term oncological outcomes of LL group are comparable with HL group. LL cannot be supported due to the absence of lower complication rates and the longer operating times.

There is a great matter of controversies whether some of these synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer patients can benefit from palliative primary tumor resection (pPTR) and there is still no reported randomized control trial to address this issue.Patients with microscopically proven metastatic colorectal cancer were identified within the SEER database (2010-2016). Patients were propensity matched 1:1 into pPTR and non-surgery groups and among the matched cohort, the univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to identify predictors of survival. Median survival was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method.Of 21,405 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed with synchronous liver and/or lung metastases, 7386 were identified in the matched cohort. The median overall survival was 12.0 months, 22.0 months in the non-surgery, surgery groups, respectively (p 0.001) and the corresponding median cancer-specific survival was 13.0 months, 22.0 months, respectively (p 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that surgery was independently associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.531) as well as cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio, 0.516). In stratified analyses by primary site and patterns of distant metastases, those patients with pPTR had better prognosis. In addition, stratified analysis revealed that trimodality therapy was linked with the greatest therapeutic effect followed by addition of chemotherapy to pPTR.pPTR may offer some therapeutic benefits among carefully selected patients, and surgery-based multimodality therapy was associated with better survival.

Using a non-alphabetic language (e.g., Chinese), the present study tested a novel view that semantic information at the sublexical level should be activated during handwriting production. Over 80% of Chinese characters are phonograms, in which semantic radicals represent category information (e.g., 'chair,' 'peach,' 'orange' are related to plants) while phonetic radicals represent phonetic information (e.g., 'wolf,' 'brightness,' 'male,' are all pronounced /lang/). Under different semantic category conditions at the lexical level (semantically related in Experiment 1; semantically unrelated in Experiment 2), the orthographic relatedness and semantic relatedness of semantic radicals in the picture name and its distractor were manipulated under different SOAs (i.e., stimulus onset asynchrony, the interval between the onset of the picture and the onset of the interference word). Two questions were addressed: (1) Is it possible that semantic information could be activated in the sublexical level conditions? (2) How are semantic and orthographic information dynamically accessed in word production? Results showed that both orthographic and semantic information were activated under the present picture-word interference paradigm, dynamically under different SOAs, which supported our view that discussions on semantic processes in the writing modality should be extended to the sublexical level. The current findings provide possibility for building new orthography-phonology-semantics models in writing.

The technique of gob-side entry retaining has been widely used in underground coal seam mining, where the headgate of current panel is retained and reused for adjacent next panel mining. To evaluate the adaptation of this technique, six geological factors, including coal seam dip angle, mining height, cover depth, thickness influence coefficient of immediate roof (TICIR), lithology of immediate roof and roof integrity, were determined, and their distribution characteristics in practice and weight analysis using 1–9 scale method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used to apportion weight of indicators. It is found that, among all indicators, the dip angle had the highest weight while the buried depth had the lowest weight, indicating that the coal seam dip angle is the most important factor. Moreover, five adaptive grades were classified and gob side support strategy for entry of each grade was provided according to technical standards, statistical information and field experience. Finally, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to weight the gateway adaptive grade index. The adaptation assessment grades may be evaluated as reasonable and scientific by six validated cases. Therefore the proposed method and framework can be considered as a supplementary tool in design of gob-side entry retaining.

Antiferromagnets have drawn increasing attention in the last decade, for their advantages such as no stray field and ultrafast spin dynamics, giving rise to potential applications on high-density storage and high frequency. We summarize the recent progress on the control of antiferromagnetic moments by electrical methods, including both electric current and electric field, which are important steps for the integration of antiferromagnets toward high-density data storage. Several methods for distinguishing antiferromagnetic moments switching and artifacts are mentioned here. Then, we focus on the explorations of antiferromagnetic spin pumping and ultrafast spin dynamics. Such investigations would pave the way for applications with high frequency. Besides, the magnon transport in antiferromagnets is briefly introduced, which might be a basis of the antiferromagnetic logic. We conclude with a discussion of challenges and future prospects in antiferromagnetic spintronics, which would stimulate in-depth studies and advance practical applications.

Redox-based memristor devices, which are considered to have promising nonvolatile memory, mainly operate through the formation/rupture of nanoscale conductive filaments. However, the random growth of conductive filaments is an obstacle for the stability of memory devices and the cell-to-cell uniformity. Here, we investigate the guiding effect of nanoindentation on the growth of conductive filaments in resistive memory devices. The nanoindented top electrodes generate an electric field concentration and the resultant precise control of a conductive filament in two typical memory devices, Ag/SiO2/Pt and W/Ta2O5/Pt. The nanoindented cells possess a much larger ON/OFF ratio, a sharper RESET process, a higher response speed, and better cell-to-cell uniformity compared with the conventional cells. Our finding reflects that the use of large-scale nanotransfer printing might be a unique way to improve the performance of resistive random access memory.

Large fluctuations of key parameters in cation-based resistive random access memory (RRAM), which originate from stochastic growth of metallic conductive filaments, always impose a significant barrier to the practical application of memory devices. Here, we propose an ordinary bilayer oxide structure of Ag/TaOx/TaOy/Pt (x

Consistent financial performance is the key element to success in asset management. We use a dynamic wealth constraint to represent the consistent performance requirement, which takes into account the entire historical records as a benchmark so that the wealth always stays at or above the benchmark. The optimal policy under this wealth constraint is characterized, and several implications are presented in this paper. This consistent performance constraint could be an appealing tool to be implemented in a volatile market and have rich practical implications.

We investigated the localized electronic properties of nanoporous gold films by using an ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope at low temperature (4.2 K). Second derivative scanning tunneling spectroscopy shows the plasmon peaks of the nanoporous gold films, which are excited by inelastic tunneling electrons. We propose that the nanorod model is appropriate for nanoporous gold studies at the nanometer-scale. These results are supported by a 3D electron tomography analysis and theoretical calculations of nanoporous gold with ellipsoid shape., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. This is the authors' version. The published, high resolution version of this paper, Copyright (2014) by the American Physical Society, can be found at http://journals.aps.org/prb/

To study common failure characteristics of gateways, a total of 55 typical gateways at coal mines, in Sichuan Province, China, were selected for investigating the rules of broken widths based on the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technique and numerical model. Results indicated that the broken width values around the gateways were larger than 1.5 m, and those in the roof and high side wall were larger than those in the low side wall, as a whole. The width values had close relationships with the thickness of the coal seam and immediate roof, angle of the coal seam, and depth of the gateways. Furthermore, combined with the plastic zone of numerical models in 3-Dimensional Distinct Element Code (3DEC) and the broken width, we obtained the excavation broken zone (EBZ) cross-section diagram for each gateway and determined that the EBZ appeared to have a basically elliptical shape—with the long axis along the seam inclination direction and the short axis along the vertical direction of the rock layer—and that this elliptical shape was only slightly affected by the gateway cross-section shape. It was observed that the failure extent was greater in the seam inclination direction than in the vertical direction of the rock layer. Obviously, the gateways presented asymmetric failure characteristics and implied that an asymmetric support system should be provided when using bolts, cables, and shotcrete combined with steel mesh and steel belts. Such a support system could improve material parameters and form a combined arch structure in surrounding rocks, with arch crown and arch springing thicknesses that are larger in the roof and high side wall.

Conventional control charts were developed for industrial processes in which successive observations were assumed to be independent and identically distributed; an assumption often violated in practice. Approaches to monitoring autocorrelated data range from using conventional control charts, with adjusted control limits, to using Hotelling T² statistics on a moving window of observations from the univariate autocorrelated process of interest. Although there are many different approaches to monitoring autocorrelated processes, there are no guidelines on choosing the procedure with the best average run length performance for a particular level of autocorrelation and shift magnitude of interest. This paper presents a guideline for choosing proper control charts for various conditions based on average run length performance. A Monte Carlo simulation study is designed to provide a comparative evaluation of the average run length performance of autocorrelated process control charts.