Search

Abuse of antibiotics in aquaculture have been alarming and might aggravate spread of resistance genes in the environment. Holistic ARGs proliferation checks require deeper analyses of coupled absolute abundances in 16S rRNA bacteria communities at the phylum level to detect biomarkers. Sulfanilamide (sul) and copper II sulfate (CuSO4 II) were, therefore, designed and added as separate or combined treatments in 9 replicate engineered goldfish tanks comprising 3 individual sul, 3 CuSO4 II, 3 (sul + CuSO4 II) combinations, and 3 controls within 180 days. The DNA from water and fish guts was sequenced under qPCR to determine 16S rRNA bacteria biomarkers co-occurring with the correspondent ARGs. Combined chemical addition at 0.8–1.5 mg sul + 0.5–1.0 mg CuSO4 II/3 L of tank waters reduced sequenced 16S rRNA bacteria absolute abundances in fish gut and water samples while portraying the biomarkers. Absolute abundances of the entire 16S rRNA bacteria was higher in fish guts (3.4 × 1014–4.9 × 108 copies/g) than water samples (1.5 × 109–2.6 × 1015 copies/L), respectively. Much as sul 1(log) were dominant over intl 1(log) genes, and their fundamental profiles were also higher in the fish guts than water samples; the Spearman’s correlation analyses revealed positive relationship (p Proteobacteria (10–50:15–65%) > Planktomycetes (10–52:8–25%) featured prominently based on LEfSe use as the hot-spotted biomarkers, hence justifying its higher prospects towards innovative environmental microbiological and biotechnological studies.

A novel color image encryption algorithm based on coarse-grained fractional chaotic system signals is proposed in this paper. First, color images are divided into three channels, which are encrypted based on the corresponding three states of the chaotic system. Second, the chaotic systems are defined as fractional chaotic, in which the fractional order enlarges the parameter space. Third, the fractional chaotic signals are handled with unfixed coarse-grained methods instead of being utilized directly. In addition, the original image and the chaotic signals are divided into bit signals from the pixel values, and the high and low bits are encrypted, respectively. To demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed color image encryption algorithm, its properties, including the key space, information entropy, correlation analysis, key sensitivity, and resistance to differential attacks, are provided using a numerical simulation.

In this study, a networked spatiotemporal chaotic map model is proposed based on the traditional coupled map lattice system. In addition, the time delay and variable topology parameters are considered to make the system more practical. The chaotic properties are analyzed using a bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents, and entropies. In addition, institute of standards and technology tests are conducted to further analyze the randomness of the system signal. Based on the proposed system, a three-dimensional encryption algorithm is designed to encrypt multiple color images with scrambling and diffusion at the bit level. Several analyses, including histogram analysis, information entropy analysis, correlation analysis, key sensitivity, differential attack analysis, and resistance analyses, are performed to test the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed multiple image encryption algorithm with a networked chaotic map model.

Background Cartilaginous endplate (CEP), a thin layer of hyaline cartilage located between the vertebral endplate and nucleus pulposus, transports the nutrient into the disc. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of T140 (polyphemusin II-derived peptide) on the CEP cell growth, apoptosis, and the matrix formation via the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/cysteine X cysteine (CXC) receptor-4 (CXCR4) signaling pathway. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation and dissected for the isolation and the appraisal of CEP cells that were extracted from the endplate in rat intervertebral discs and were then added with different concentrations of reagents (SDF-1 and T140). The effect of T140 on CEP cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of CXCR4, prominin-1, proteoglycans, type II collagen, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2 associated X protein were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Results T140 promoted the proliferation of CEP cells and inhibited the apoptosis of CEP cells. Additionally, T140 suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4, prominin-1, and Bcl-2 associated X protein, and increased the mRNA and protein expression of proteoglycans, type II collagen, and Bcl-2. Conclusions T140 promotes the proliferation and matrix formation and inhibits the apoptosis of CEP cells by blocking the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway in vitro, which provides a certain therapeutic effect on the degeneration of intervertebral discs.

In this paper, a novel method for lossless image encryption based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees and cellular automata. The proposed encryption method embeds the encryption into the compression process, in which a small part of the data is encrypted quickly, while maintaining the good coding characteristics of set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT). The proposed encryption system adopts three stages of scrambling and diffusion. In each stage of encryption, different chaotic systems are used to generate the plaintext-related key stream to maintain high security and to resist some attacks. Moreover, the channel length of the coded-and-compressed color image is more uncertain, resulting into higher difficulty for attackers to decipher the algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the length of bitstream is compressed to 50% of the original image, showing that our proposed algorithm has higher lossless compression ratio compared with the existing algorithms. Meanwhile, the encryption scheme passes the entropy analysis, sensitivity analysis, lossless recovery test, and SP800-22 test.

In this paper, a novel high dimensional spatiotemporal chaotic system based on 2D non-adjacent coupled map lattice (2DNACML) model is proposed. Each local lattice is influenced by other random lattices in different dimensions and the local map is defined as a fractional-like style. From the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it is found that ranges of system parameters are expanded and unfixed in the novel 2DNACML model. As a result, the changed system is improved and been applied in the image encryption with a mixed scrambling scheme with chaotic method and knights tour method and an efficient diffusion scheme for different images to show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Technology innovation, knowledge innovation and talent development were treated as a mutually embedded parallel process. Technological innovation as the carrier , it analyzed knowledge innovation, talent development and the coupling evolution mechanism in the different stages of technology innovation.

Background An adductor canal block (ACB) provides recognized analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This meta-analysis compared the single-injection ACB (SACB) with the continuous-injection ACB (CACB). Method Relevant studies were searched from PubMed (1996-October 2018), Embase (1980-October 2018), and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL, October 2018). Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which compared SACB with CACB, were included in our meta-analysis. Results Four RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Our pooled data indicated that the SACB group had similar efficacy compared with the CACB group in terms of morphine consumption (P = .19), time to first opioid request (P = .32), range of motion (P = .97), and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 24 hours at rest (P = .12) and movement (P = .24), without increasing the risk of complications (P = .97) and length of stay (P = .54). Conclusion The SACB technique provides similar analgesia in the 24 hours following TKA compared with CACB, while the CACB method was better over 48 hours.

The objective of this paper provides a numerical implementation procedure of thermo-metallurgical-mechanical constitute equation based on additively decomposition of strain rate. Together with phase transformation kinetics, the macro material properties are determined by assigning temperature dependent material properties to each phase and by applying mixture rule to combine. Then the constitute equation is implemented into general purpose implicit finite element program via user material subroutine. The effectiveness of developed computational method is confirmed by a Satoh test simulation. Simulation of Satoh test demonstrates that transformation induce plasticity has significant effect of the evolution of residual stress and can not be neglected for alloy steel during hot working process.

A sequential coupled three-dimensional thermo-mechanical analysis was conducted first to simulate friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum alloy. In thermal analysis, the model included adaptive heat source, contact heat transfer both between work piece and clamps and between work piece and backing board etc; in the mechanical analysis, the model involved contact interaction both between work piece and clamps and between work piece and backing board, mechanical load of tool etc. The simulation results indicate that the longitudinal residual stress is unsymmetrical about weld centerline; the magnitude of longitudinal residual stress for FSW process is lower than that for fusion welding process. Based on simulated results of FSW process, a three-dimensional elastic-plastic analysis was then carried out to simulate rolling process, the simulation result show that rolling process not only causes a marked reduction in the longitudinal tensile residual but also reverse the sign of the longitudinal residual stress.

We bring out a runway extraction method based on rotating projection in this paper, which is consisted of three steps, locating the Region of interest (ROI), edge extraction and line detection. Firstly we employed template matching to locate the ROI which contains the runway area. Then we use Sobel operator to extract edges. The rotating projection algorithm is proposed to seek the potential straights in ROI, which will be integrated into the real straights by means of improved K-means clustering method. Simulations are carried out in the end, and results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can extract the four boundaries of the runway effectively, while it can reduce 50% of computing time compared with Hough transform.