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1. Change in management and outcome of mechanical ventilation in Korea: a prospective observational study

Author: Won Yeon Lee, Ji Young Hong, Kyung Chan Kim, Yun Su Sim, Jae Kyeom Sim, Jin Hwa Lee, Sang Min Lee, Ju-Hee Park, Won-Il Choi, Won Jun Song, Yeon Joo Lee, Heung Bum Lee, Hyung Koo Kang, Chae-Man Lim, So Young Park, Gee Young Suh, Kwangha Lee, Yun Seong Kim, Sunghoon Park, and Young Sam Kim
Subjects: Mechanical ventilation, Noninvasive Ventilation, Icu mortality, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Peak pressure, Respiration, Artificial, Intensive Care Units, Anesthesia, Intensive care, Breathing, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Medicine, Observational study, Prospective Studies, business, Tidal volume, Cohort study
Abstract: Background/Aims: There are few studies describing contemporary status of mechanical ventilation in Korea. We investigated changes in management and outcome of mechanical ventilation in Korea.Methods: International, prospective observational cohort studies have been conducted every 6 years since 1998. Korean intensive care units (ICUs) participated in 2010 and 2016 cohorts. We compared 2016 and 2010 Korean data.Results: Two hundred and twenty-six patients from 18 ICUs and 275 patients from 12 ICUs enrolled in 2016 and 2010, respectively. In 2016 compared to 2010, use of non-invasive ventilation outside ICU increased (10.2% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.001). Pressure-control ventilation was the most common mode in both groups. Initial tidal volume (7.1 mL/kg vs. 7.4 mL/kg, p = 0.372) and positive end-expiratory pressure (6 cmH2O vs. 6 cmH2O, p = 0.141) were similar, but peak pressure (22 cmH2O vs. 24 cmH2O, p = 0.011) was lower in 2016. More patients received sedatives (70.7% vs. 57.0%, p = 0.002) and analgesics (86.5% vs. 51.1%, p < 0.001) in 2016. The awakening (48.4% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.002) was more frequently attempted in 2016. The accidental extubation rate decreased to one tenth of what it was in 2010 (1.1% vs. 10.2%, p < 0.001). The ICU mortality did not change (31.4% 35.6%, p = 0.343) but ICU length of stay showed a decreasing trend (9 days vs. 10 days, p = 0.054) in 2016.Conclusions: There were temporal changes in care of patients on mechanical ventilation including better control of pain and agitation, and active attempt of awakening.
Published: 2022
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2. A Multicenter Study to Identify the Respiratory Pathogens Associated with Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea

Author: Jae Ha Lee, Hyewon Seo, Soo-Jung Um, Chin Kook Rhee, Myung Goo Lee, Joo Hun Park, Yun Su Sim, Hyonsoo Joo, Hye Yun Park, Yong Il Hwang, Chang Hoon Lee, Eung Gu Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Tae Hyung Kim, Tai Joon An, Byung Keun Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Kwang Ha Yoo, Young-Soon Yoon, Ji Ye Jung, Jin Hwa Lee, Yeonhee Park, Seung Won Ra, Jeong-Woong Park, Deog Kyeom Kim, Woo Jin Kim, Joon Young Choi, and Kyung Hoon Min
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Exacerbation, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, Diseases of the respiratory system, Internal medicine, medicine, Bacteriology, COPD, RC705-779, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, business.industry, microbiology, medicine.disease, symptom flare up, virology, respiratory tract diseases, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Original Article, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, bacteriology, business, Respiratory tract
Abstract: Background: Although respiratory tract infection is one of the most important factors triggering acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD), limited data are available to suggest an epidemiologic pattern of microbiology in South Korea.Methods: A multicenter observational study was conducted between January 2015 and December 2018 across 28 hospitals in South Korea. Adult patients with moderate-to-severe acute exacerbations of COPD were eligible to participate in the present study. The participants underwent all conventional tests to identify etiology of microbial pathogenesis. The primary outcome was the percentage of different microbiological pathogens causing AE-COPD. A comparative microbiological analysis of the patients with overlapping asthma–COPD (ACO) and pure COPD was performed.Results: We included 1,186 patients with AE-COPD. Patients with pure COPD constituted 87.9% and those with ACO accounted for 12.1%. Nearly half of the patients used an inhaled corticosteroid-containing regimen and one-fifth used systemic corticosteroids. Respiratory pathogens were found in 55.3% of all such patients. Bacteria and viruses were detected in 33% and 33.2%, respectively. Bacterial and viral coinfections were found in 10.9%. The most frequently detected bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), and the most frequently detected virus was influenza A (10.4%). Multiple bacterial infections were more likely to appear in ACO than in pure COPD (8.3% vs. 3.6%, p=0.016).Conclusion: Distinct microbiological patterns were identified in patients with moderate-to-severe AE-COPD in South Korea. These findings may improve evidence-based management of patients with AE-COPD and represent the basis for further studies investigating infectious pathogens in patients with COPD.
Published: 2022
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3. New Structure Design of Ferrite Cores for Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging by Machine Learning

Author: Yun-Su Kim and Byeong-Guk Choi
Subjects: business.product_category, Materials science, business.industry, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Inductive coupling, Ferrite core, Inductance, Control and Systems Engineering, Electromagnetic coil, Distortion, Electric vehicle, Maximum power transfer theorem, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, computer, Coupling coefficient of resonators
Abstract: In this article, a machine learning algorithm is applied for the first time in inductive power transfer (IPT) to find a ferrite core structure with high magnetic coupling between transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) coils for an electric vehicle (EV) wireless charging system. Since formula-based theoretical design is not available due to the nonlinear magnetic field distortion stemming from the presence of the ferrite core in an IPT system, the proposed core structure design has been achieved through finite-element analysis simulation-based data learning. The proposed design methods are so general that they can be applied to any conventional IPT coil design. Furthermore, it can optimize the core structures for high coupling coefficient, mutual inductance, desired magnetic flux density in the specific area, etc. By training only 0.011% data out of the total possible cases, it is verified by simulation and experiment that the ferrite core structure obtained by the proposed method has a mutual inductance that is 0.6% higher than that of the conventional design level in the case of 15 cm distance between the Tx and Rx coils, even though the volume of the ferrite cores are reduced to 90%. Also, a prototype 3.0 kW stationary EV wireless charging system was implemented and showed fairly better performance than a conventional case.
Published: 2021
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4. Comparison of the outcome of emergency endotracheal intubation in the general ward, intensive care unit and emergency department

Author: Yu-Jui Hsiao, Hsin-Tzu Hung, An-Hsun Chou, Chip-Jin Ng, Yu-Yun Su, Chao-Hui Lee, and Chun-Yu Chen
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Endotracheal intubation, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Patients' Rooms, Intubation, Intratracheal, medicine, Humans, Intubation, Survival rate, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Intensive Care Units, 030104 developmental biology, Pneumothorax, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Emergency medicine, General ward, Emergency Service, Hospital, business
Abstract: Purpose Emergency endotracheal intubations outside the operating room (OR) are associated with high complications. We compare the outcome of emergency endotracheal intubation in the general ward, the intensive care unit (ICU) and the emergency department (ED). Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed adult patients requiring emergency endotracheal intubation that called for anesthesiologists at our tertiary care institution from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. We evaluated the outcomes, including aspiration, hemodynamic collapse, pneumothorax, emergency tracheostomy, and survival to hospital discharge in the general ward, ICU, and ED. Results There were 416 non-OR emergency endotracheal intubation calls for the anesthesiologist. Among these areas, the ED had the highest proportion of difficult endotracheal (DET) intubation (n = 144 [80.4%]), followed by the general ward (n = 85 [66.4%]), and then the ICU (n = 65 [59.6%]). The incidence of hemodynamic collapse was higher in the general ward (n = 44 [34.4%]) than the ICU (n = 18 [16.5%]) or the ED (n = 16 [9.0%]). We reported the survival rate of the general ward (55.5%), which was lower than the ICU (63.3%) and the ED (80.4%). Among these locations, the ED had the highest rate of neurologically intact (91%) to hospital discharge, compared to the ICU (56.6%) and the general ward (55%). As for the ED, although there was no difference in survival between non-preventive and preventive intubations, preventive intubations was associated with high neurological intact with hospital discharge. Conclusion Emergency and DET intubation in the general ward and ICU resulted in a higher incidence of hemodynamic collapse and mortality than those performed in the ED. Early calls for the anesthesiologist for DET intubation without medications in the ED resulted in a higher rate of neurologically intact survival to hospital discharge.
Published: 2021
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5. Computing infrastructure construction and optimization for high-performance computing and artificial intelligence

Author: Jipeng Zhou, Jiangyong Ying, Yun Su, Mingyao Zhou, and Bin Zhou
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, Human life, Computation, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Cloud computing, Design strategy, Artificial intelligence, Key features, business, Supercomputer, General Environmental Science
Abstract: The emergence of supercomputers has brought rapid development to human life and scientific research. Today, the new wave of artificial intelligence (AI) not only brings convenience to people's lives, but also changes the engineering and scientific high-performance computation. AI technologies provide more efficient and accurate computing methods for many fields. These ongoing changes pose new challenges to the design of computing infrastructures, which will be addressed in this survey in details. This survey first describes the distinguished progress of combining AI and high-performance computing (HPC) in scientific computation, analyzes several typical scenarios, and summarizes the characteristics of the corresponding requirements of computing resources. On this basis, this survey further lists four general methods for integrating AI computing with conventional HPC, as well as their key features and application scenarios. Finally, this survey introduces the design strategy of the Peng Cheng Cloud Brain II Supercomputing Center in improving AI computing capability and cluster communication efficiency, which helped it won the first place in the IO500 and AIPerf rankings.
Published: 2021
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6. Effects of Robotic Gait Training with Lower Extremity Restraint on Static Balance, Lower Extremity Function, Gait Ability in Subacute Stroke Patients

Author: Won-Seob Shin and Yun-Su Kang
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Gait (human), Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Gait training, business.industry, Subacute stroke, medicine, business, Balance (ability)
Published: 2021
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7. Respiratory symptoms and health-related quality of life in post-tuberculosis subjects with physician-diagnosed bronchiectasis: a cross-sectional study

Author: Bumhee Yang, Hyun Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Taehee Kim, Seung-Jin Yoo, Jang Won Sohn, Yong Soo Kwon, Hayoung Choi, Ho Joo Yoon, Hye Yun Park, Seung Won Ra, Sang-Heon Kim, Yun Su Sim, and Hyo Jun Jang
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Bronchiectasis, Cross-sectional study, business.industry, medicine.disease, Quality of life, Internal medicine, medicine, Anxiety, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Respiratory system, business, Depression (differential diagnoses), Asthma
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevalence, respiratory symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) in post-tuberculosis (TB) subjects with bronchiectasis are not well elucidated. METHODS: Subjects who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2007–2009 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We evaluated the prevalence of physician-diagnosed bronchiectasis among post-TB subjects. We compared respiratory symptoms, physical activity limitations, and QoL between post-TB subjects with and without bronchiectasis. RESULTS: The prevalence of bronchiectasis was 3.3% among 963 post-TB subjects. Post-TB subjects with bronchiectasis showed a higher rate of asthma (29.6% vs. 4.9%, P
Published: 2021
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8. Radiation scattering effects in the processing of optical quantitative remote sensing data

Author: Yun Su, Yuting Gao, Xiaoyong Wang, Hongyan He, and Yu Wang
Subjects: Remote sensing (archaeology), business.industry, Computer science, Scattering radiation, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aerospace, business, Remote sensing
Abstract: Aerospace optical remote sensing is an effective information technology that retrieves physical characteristics of ground objects. With the development of multi-mode payloads and the fusion of mult...
Published: 2021
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9. Cerebral Fat Embolism That Was Initially Negative on DiffusionWeighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author: Sul Young-Hoon, Mun Yun-Su, Cha Yong-Han, Go Seung-Je, Kim Jae-Guk, Bang Seung-Ho, and Ye Jin-Bong
Subjects: Nuclear magnetic resonance, medicine.diagnostic_test, Embolism, business.industry, medicine, Magnetic resonance imaging, Fat embolism, medicine.disease, business
Published: 2021
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10. Network meta-analysis of eribulin versus other chemotherapies used as second- or later-line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer

Author: Marissa Betts, Ananth Kadambi, Qi Zhao, Isabelle Chabot, Yun Su, Binod Neupane, Kristin Mickle, and Rachel Hughes
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Breast Neoplasms, Vinorelbine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Genetics, Medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, European union, Neoplasm Metastasis, Furans, Network meta-analysis, Triple-negative breast cancer, RC254-282, media_common, business.industry, Ixabepilone, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Ketones, medicine.disease, Metastatic breast cancer, Gemcitabine, Progression-Free Survival, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Triple negative breast cancer, overall survival, Metastatic, Female, Locally advanced, business, Eribulin, medicine.drug, Research Article
Abstract: Background Eribulin mesylate (ERI; Halaven®) is a microtubule inhibitor approved in the United States for metastatic breast cancer patients with at least two prior chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer, and in the European Union in locally advanced breast cancer or metastatic breast cancer patients who progressed after at least one chemotherapy for advanced disease. This network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of ERI versus other chemotherapies in this setting. Methods Systematic searches conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials identified randomized controlled trials of locally advanced breast cancer/metastatic breast cancer chemotherapies in second- or later-line settings. Efficacy assessment included pre-specified subgroup analysis of breast cancer subtypes. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination tool. Bayesian network meta-analysis estimated primary outcomes of overall survival and progression-free survival using fixed-effect models. Comparators included: capecitabine (CAP), gemcitabine (GEM), ixabepilone (IXA), utidelone (UTI), treatment by physician’s choice (TPC), and vinorelbine (VIN). Results The network meta-analysis included seven trials. Results showed that second- or later-line patients treated with ERI had statistically longer overall survival versus TPC (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.81; credible interval [CrI]: 0.66–0.99) or GEM+VIN (0.62; 0.42–0.90) and statistically longer progression-free survival versus TPC (0.76; 0.64–0.90), but statistically shorter progression-free survival versus CAP+IXA (1.40; 1.17–1.67) and CAP+UTI (1.61; 1.23–2.12). In triple negative breast cancer, ERI had statistically longer overall survival versus CAP (0.70; 0.54–0.90); no statistical differences in progression-free survival were observed in triple negative breast cancer. Conclusions This network meta-analysis suggests that ERI may provide an overall survival benefit in the overall locally advanced breast cancer/metastatic breast cancer populations and triple negative breast cancer subgroup compared to standard treatments. These findings support the use of ERI in second- or later-line treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer/metastatic breast cancer.
Published: 2021

11. A test device to characterize cold-contact protective performance of fabrics

Author: Jianda Huang, Jun Li, Yange Wei, and Yun Su
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), 05 social sciences, Metallurgy, Clothing, medicine.disease, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Frostbite, 0502 economics and business, medicine, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), 050211 marketing, business
Abstract: Workers are exposed to skin frostbite in extremely cold environments, especially in contact with cold surfaces. They must wear cold-resistant clothing/gloves to avoid frostbites. However, there was a lack of an accurate method to evaluate the cold-contact protective performance (CPP) of fabrics. In view of this, a test device was developed to simulate the cold-contact exposure by controlling cold-contact temperature and pressure. Then, a frostbite prediction model was proposed to predict the time to skin-frostbite (TSF) as an index for characterizing the CPP. It was found that the standard deviation of cold-contact temperature fluctuated within 0.03°C to 0.51°C in the same second, and the coefficient of variations of the TSF were from 1.35% to 6.97%, indicating that the device presents good stability, reliability, reproducibility. The TSFs for different fabric systems ranged from 35 s to 419.33 s, mostly depending on the fiber type, the thermal resistance, the thickness of fabric and the air content in the fabric. Finally, it was concluded that the proposed device provides a scientific and realistic measurement of CPP of fabrics.
Published: 2021
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12. The role of APOE in cognitive trajectories and motor decline in Parkinson’s disease

Author: Kye Won Park, Seon-Ok Kim, Sun Ju Chung, Sungyang Jo, Seung Hyun Lee, and Yun Su Hwang
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Apolipoprotein E, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Parkinson's disease, Genotype, Science, Apolipoprotein E4, Diseases, Disease, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Motor Activity, Neuropsychological Tests, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Apolipoproteins E, Internal medicine, Republic of Korea, medicine, Dementia, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Longitudinal Studies, Registries, Cognitive decline, Age of Onset, Survival analysis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Cognition, Parkinson Disease, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Disease Progression, Medicine, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: We aimed to investigate the role of the APOE genotype in cognitive and motor trajectories in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Using PD registry data, we retrospectively investigated a total of 253 patients with PD who underwent the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) two or more times at least 5 years apart, were aged over 40 years, and free of dementia at the time of enrollment. We performed group-based trajectory modeling to identify patterns of cognitive change using the MMSE. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to investigate the role of the APOE genotype in cognitive and motor progression. Trajectory analysis divided patients into four groups: early fast decline, fast decline, gradual decline, and stable groups with annual MMSE scores decline of − 2.8, − 1.8, − 0.6, and − 0.1 points per year, respectively. The frequency of APOE ε4 was higher in patients in the early fast decline and fast decline groups (50.0%) than those in the stable group (20.1%) (p = 0.007). APOE ε4, in addition to older age at onset, depressive mood, and higher H&Y stage, was associated with the cognitive decline rate, but no APOE genotype was associated with motor progression. APOE genotype could be used to predict the cognitive trajectory in PD.
Published: 2021

13. Epidemiology and clinical features of common community human coronavirus disease

Author: Yousang Ko, Hwan Il Kim, Myung Goo Lee, Tae Rim Shin, Yun Su Sim, Hayoung Choi, Taehee Kim, Youlim Kim, Ki Suck Jung, Seung Hun Jang, In Gyu Hyun, Soojie Chung, Yong Bum Park, and Cheol Hong Kim
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Mortality rate, 030106 microbiology, Hazard ratio, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, Confidence interval, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, Medicine, Respiratory virus, Original Article, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral disease, business, Coronavirus
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We would evaluate the epidemiology, clinical aspects, and prognostic factors of patients of all ages admitted with human corona virus (HCoV). METHODS: This study was retrospectively performed at five university teaching hospitals between 1st January 2018 and 31th March 2020. Routine molecular testing using for multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods was conducted on the respiratory viruses. We assessed the demographics, laboratory findings, and treatment of patients infected with coronavirus. RESULTS: There were 807 coronavirus-infected patients from 24,311 patients with respiratory virus PCR test admitted to five hospitals over 27 months. All-cause mortality rates of patients admitted for seasonal HCoV disease were 3.1% in all patients and 10.8% in patients aged ≥18 years. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed in patients aged ≥18 years. After adjusting for other clinical variables, general weakness symptoms [hazard ratio (HR), 2.651; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.147–6.125, P=0.023], National Early Warning Score (NEWS) ≥2 (HR, 5.485; 95% CI, 1.261–23.858, P=0.023), and coronavirus subtype OC43 (HR, 2.500; 95% CI, 1.060–5.897, P=0.036) were significantly associated with death from coronavirus. CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus infection can reveal a higher mortality rate in patients of ≥18 than those of
Published: 2021
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14. The Relationship between Temperature Changes and Peacemaking Events between Farming and Nomadic Groups in Northern China over the Past 2000 Years

Author: Yuan Kang, Xianshuai Zhai, Yun Su, and Xiuqi Fang
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Geography, Agriculture, business.industry, Peacemaking, Socioeconomics, China, business, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Climate change affects relationships between regions. The sequence of peacemaking events between farming and nomadic groups in northern China from the Western Han to the Qing dynasty was constructed based on historical documents. We analyzed the impacts of climate change on ethnic relationships using war and temperature sequence data from previous studies. The main results are as follows: 1) There were 504 peacemaking events between farming and nomadic groups, with an average frequency of 2.4 times per decade. Paying tribute (68.9%) occurred significantly more frequently than intermarriage for pacification (31.1%). The sequences showed different stages. 2) There were more peacemaking events during cold periods and fewer during warm periods. Intermarriage for pacification played a greater role in peacemaking during warm periods, while paying tribute was more important during cold periods. 3) High-incidence stages of war and of peacemaking events alternated. Peacemaking events occurred more frequently during cold periods and wars occurred more frequently during warm periods. 4) During warm periods, farming and nomadic groups had enough power to contend with each other, wars occurred frequently, and intermarriage was often used for peacemaking. During cold periods, agriculture and animal husbandry declined, both sides weakened, and the power difference between them usually increased. Wars rarely occurred, and paying tribute was often used for peacemaking. Ethnic relationships are affected by many factors. As a background factor influencing land productivity, climate indirectly affected conflict-resolution measures between farming and nomadic groups. We can hereby consider ways to manage interregional ethnic relationships under global climate change today.
Published: 2021
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15. A simple one-step method with wide processing window for high-quality perovskite mini-module fabrication

Author: Hsin-Hsiang Huang, Hsinhan Tsai, Ching-Hsiang Chuang, Syang-Peng Rwei, Tso-An Yang, Hsin Lu, King-Fu Lin, Shreetu Shrestha, Li-Yun Su, Wanyi Nie, Po-Tuan Chen, Qi-Han Liu, Yu-Ting Chen, and Leeyih Wang
Subjects: Fabrication, Materials science, business.industry, Nucleation, One-Step, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, General Energy, chemistry, law, Phase (matter), Optoelectronics, Sulfolane, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Crystallization, 0210 nano-technology, business, Perovskite (structure)
Abstract: Summary The one-step antisolvent approach is a widely employed method for fabricating perovskite devices at a low cost. However, the current antisolvent approach requires a strict set of processing conditions to obtain high-quality perovskite layers. Here, we introduce sulfolane as an additive in the perovskite precursor to convert the perovskite phase via a new reaction route, providing a large degree of flexibility to process crystalline perovskite layers with high uniformity on a large scale. As it is revealed by X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy findings, we find that the key concept lies in intermolecular hydrogen-bonding forces’ interaction between sulfolane and methylammonium iodide, which slows down the nucleation and subsequently the crystallization process. As a result, we demonstrate a mini module, 36.6 cm2 active area, and achieve a record PCE of 16.06%. More importantly, the encapsulated mini module retained about 90% of the initial performance after operating at the maximum power point under simulated AM1.5G irradiation for 250 h at 50°C.
Published: 2021
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16. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: Triggers, Mechanisms, and Immunotherapies

Author: Tai Wang, Huimin Zheng, Jing Yang, Yun Su, Chengyuan Mao, Yuming Xu, Liyuan Fan, Mibo Tang, Haiyang Luo, and Changhe Shi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Parkinson's disease, medicine.medical_treatment, Disease, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Humans, Medicine, Neuroinflammation, Microglia, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Parkinson Disease, Immunotherapy, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Neurology (clinical), business, Dysbiosis, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease involving multiple etiologies and pathogenesis, in which neuroinflammation is a common factor. Both preclinical experiments and clinical studies provide evidence for the involvement of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of PD, although there are a number of key issues related to neuroinflammatory processes in PD that remain to be addressed. In this review, we highlight the relationship between the common pathological mechanisms of PD and neuroinflammation, including aggregation of α-synuclein, genetic factors, mitochondrial dysfunction, and gut microbiome dysbiosis. We also describe the two positive feedback loops initiated in PD after the immune system is activated, and their role in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, the interconnections and differences between the central and peripheral immune systems are discussed. Finally, we review the latest progress in immunotherapy research for PD patients, and propose future directions for clinical research.
Published: 2021
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17. Experimental study of heat and moisture transfer in vertical air gap under protective clothing against dry and wet heat exposures

Author: Jun Li, Yun Su, Xianghui Zhang, Yunyi Wang, and Miao Tian
Subjects: Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Clothing, General Business, Management and Accounting, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Heat transfer, Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous), Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, business, Air gap (plumbing), Moisture transfer
Abstract: PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study heat and steam transfer in a vertical air gap and improve thermal protective performance of protective clothing under thermal radiation and hot steam.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment-based model was introduced to analyze heat and moisture transfer in the vertical air gap between the protective clothing and human body. A developed test apparatus was used to simulate different air gap sizes (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 mm). The protective clothing with different air gap sizes was subjected to dry and wet heat exposures.FindingsThe increase of the air gap size reduced the heat and moisture transfer from the protective clothing to the skin surface under both heat exposures. The minimum air gap size for the initiation of natural convection in the dry heat exposure was between 6 and 9 mm, while the air gap size for the occurrence of natural convection was increased in the wet heat exposure. In addition, the steam mass flux presented a sharp decrease with the rising of the air gap size, followed by a stable state, mainly depending on the molecular diffusion and the convection mass transfer.Originality/valueThis research provides a better understanding of the optimum air gap under the protective clothing, which contributes to the design of optimum air gap size that provided higher thermal protection against dry and wet heat exposures.
Published: 2021
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18. Construction and validation a nomogram to predict overall survival for colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma

Author: Bo Bao, Yong-Jing Yang, Hao-Wei Yan, Hong-Yu Bi, Xian-Hong Liu, Chun-Jiao Wu, Jian-Dong Diao, Xiao-Yun Su, Li‐xia Ma, and Lei Shi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, genetic structures, Summary stage, Science, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma, urologic and male genital diseases, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Overall survival, Humans, Stage (cooking), Lymph node, Cancer, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Nomogram, Middle Aged, United States, Nomograms, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Risk factors, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, T-stage, Medicine, Female, business, Colorectal Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell, SEER Program
Abstract: To construct and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). The potentially eligible cases were obtained against the SEER database from 2004 to 2015. Log-rank test and Cox analysis were conducted to identify the independent prognostic factors for predicting OS. The identified prognostic factors were later integrated for the construction of an OS prediction nomogram. Altogether 2904 eligible cases were identified, and the median survival time was 18 (range: 0–155) months. As suggested by multivariate analysis, age, primary site, grade, tumor size, T stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, lymph node dissection and chemotherapy were identified as the independent factors for predicting OS. Afterwards, the above variables were incorporated into the nomogram. The C-index indicated better discriminatory ability of the nomogram than AJCC 8th TNM staging and SEER summary stage systems (both P
Published: 2021

19. Bipedicle Advancement Flap for Skin Coverage after Digital Mucous Cyst Excision: A Retrospective Study of 18 Cases

Author: Xiangjun Meng, Yun Su, Zuofa Yan, Quansheng Shao, Yanming Ma, and Yiqing Chen
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual analogue scale, Middle finger, Surgical Flaps, Fingers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient satisfaction, lcsh:Orthopedic surgery, Humans, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Cyst, Aged, Pain Measurement, Retrospective Studies, Bipedicle advancement flap, 030222 orthopedics, Clinical Article, Cysts, business.industry, Distal interphalangeal joint, Osteophyte, Retrospective cohort study, Index finger, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, medicine.disease, Mucous cyst, Surgery, lcsh:RD701-811, medicine.anatomical_structure, Patient Satisfaction, Orthopedic surgery, Clinical Articles, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mucous Cyst
Abstract: Objectives To assess the clinical outcomes of using a bipedicle advancement flap to cover the skin defects after digital mucous cyst (DMC) excision. Methods Data for 15 patients (18 fingers) with DMC, admitted to the Department of Orthopaedics and Surgery of the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from January 2016 to January 2018, were analyzed retrospectively. This study included 4 men and 11 women, with a mean age of 64 ± 7.8 years (range, 47–77 years). A total of 5 cases involved the thumb, 4 involved the index finger, 5 involved ithe middle finger, and 4 involved the ring finger. Among a total of 18 digital mucous cysts, 7 cases were in the left hand and 11 were in the right hand. Approximately 77.8% of cases had osteophytes. The cysts ranged in size from 0.5–1.0 cm to 0.7–1.2 cm. All patients underwent cyst and osteophyte excision and a bipedicle advancement flap to cover the resultant defect. The same surgical procedure was applied to all patients. Postoperative flap survival, healing, and infection were evaluated. The preoperative and postoperative ranges of motion (ROM) of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and thumb interphalangeal joints (TIPJ) were recorded. Postoperative patient satisfaction was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS, 0–10) during follow‐up visits. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to determine whether the data for the difference between the preoperative and postoperative ROM of the DIP/TIPJ were normally distributed or not. The homogeneity of variance was expressed as mean ± standard deviation. A paired t‐test was used to compare the preoperative and postoperative ROM of the DIP/TIPJ. Results The patients were followed up for 20 ± 6.0 months (range, 12–36 months). All the flaps survived after surgery, and the incisions healed well. The sutures were removed 2 weeks postoperatively. No infections occurred and there was no cyst recurrence at follow up. After systemic physical therapy and functional exercises, the ROM of all the fingers was restored to the preoperative ROM by 1 month after surgery. The scores for patient satisfaction with surgery by means of the VAS were 8.5 ± 1.0 points, 2.8 ± 1.4 points, 2.0 ± 1.6 points, 1.5 ± 1.2 points, and 1.1 ± 1.3 points preoperatively, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. The data for the difference between preoperative and postoperative VAS scores were normally distributed. There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative VAS scores. The preoperative DIP/TIPJ ROM was 71.7° ± 14.0°, and the postoperative ROM at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 69.3° ± 15.3°, 70.4° ± 12.7°, 71.5° ± 15.6°, and 71.8° ± 15.6°, respectively. The data for the difference between preoperative and postoperative ROM of the DIP/TIPJ were normally distributed. No difference was found between the preoperative and postoperative ROM. Conclusion The bipedicle advancement flap provides a simple and effective technique for covering skin defects following DMC excision., (A) A transverse spindle‐shaped incision was made around the site of the thin skin on the surface of the cyst. (B) A new incision with a similar length and arc to the proximal edge of the incisional defect was made at the proximal side of the defect (a:b ≥ 1:2). (C) The incision was sutured.
Published: 2021

20. The Oval‐like Cross‐section of Femoral Neck Isthmus in Three‐dimensional Morphological Analysis

Author: Xiu-Yun Su, Peifu Tang, Jiantao Li, Licheng Zhang, Ru-Yi Zhang, Zhao Yanpeng, and Jing-Xin Zhao
Subjects: Male, Femoral neck isthmus, Scientific Articles, Bone Screws, Area, Femoral Neck Fractures, Perimeter, Fracture Fixation, Internal, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:Orthopedic surgery, medicine, Humans, Scientific Article, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Mathematics, Femoral neck, Aged, 80 and over, 030222 orthopedics, Reproducibility, Femur Neck, Cross‐section, Oval‐like, business.industry, Regression analysis, Femoral fracture, Middle Aged, Stepwise regression, medicine.disease, Cross section (geometry), lcsh:RD701-811, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Surgery, Anatomic Landmarks, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Nuclear medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 3D
Abstract: Objectives To investigate the cross‐section shape of the femoral neck isthmus (FNI) in three‐dimensional reconstruction model of the femoral neck. Methods From December 2009 to December 2012, computed tomography (CT) data of bilateral hip joint from 200 consecutive patients (137 males and 63 females, 69.41 ± 9.21 years old, ranged from 50–85 years old) who underwent surgical treatments for proximal femoral fracture were retrospectively reviewed. The 3D model of the proximal femur was reconstructed, and the “inertia axis” method, which was applied to measure the long and short axes of the cross‐section of the FNI, was established. The cross‐sectional area and perimeter were calculated by a formula using the length of the long and short axes and then compared with the actual measured values by the software. Correlation between the descriptive parameters of the FNI cross‐section (area, perimeter, and eccentricity) and patients' demographics (age, height, and weight) was analyzed. Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to determine the main relevant factors. Results The ICC results showed excellent data reproducibility ranged from 0.989 to 0.996. There was no significant difference in the cross‐sectional area of the FNI between the actual measured values and the predicted values using the formula (732.83 ± 126.74 mm2 vs 731.62 ± 128.15 mm2, P = 0.322). The perimeter using the two methods showed narrow while significant difference (97.86 ± 8.60 mm vs 92.84 ± 8.65 mm, P, The morphological features of the cross‐section of the femoral neck, especially the femoral neck isthmus (FNI), are of great significance for the spatial configuration of the screws used in the internal fixation of femoral neck fractures. This study utilizes the three‐dimensional model of the proximal femur to segment the FNI plane. We found that the actual measured data of FNI cross‐section was in line with the values calculated using elliptical equations, thus proving that FNI cross‐section was approximately elliptical.
Published: 2021
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21. Brain Functional Networks Based on Resting-State EEG Data for Major Depressive Disorder Analysis and Classification

Author: Tao Lei, Yun Su, Zhifei Yang, Jinfeng Wang, Guanghui Yan, and Bingtao Zhang
Subjects: Computer science, Biomedical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Electroencephalography, Lateralization of brain function, Correlation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Betweenness centrality, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Clustering coefficient, Brain Mapping, Depressive Disorder, Major, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Node (networking), Rehabilitation, Brain, Pattern recognition, medicine.disease, Major depressive disorder, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Occipital Lobe, Artificial intelligence, business, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: If the brain is regarded as a system, it will be one of the most complex systems in the universe. Traditional analysis and classification methods of major depressive disorder (MDD) based on electroencephalography (EEG) feature-levels often regard electrode as isolated node and ignore the correlation between them, so it's difficult to find alters of abnormal topological architecture in brain. To solve this problem, we propose a brain functional network framework for MDD of analysis and classification based on resting state EEG. The phase lag index (PLI) was calculated based on the 64-channel resting state EEG to construct the function connection matrix to reduce and avoid the volume conductor effect. Then binarization of brain function network based on small world index was realized. Statistical analyses were performed on different EEG frequency band and different brain regions. The results showed that significant alterations of brain synchronization occurred in frontal, temporal, parietal-occipital regions of left brain and temporal region of right brain. And average shortest path length and clustering coefficient in left central region of theta band and node betweenness centrality in right parietal-occipital region were significantly correlated with PHQ-9 score of MDD, which indicates these three network metrics may be served as potential biomarkers to effectively distinguish MDD from controls and the highest classification accuracy can reach 93.31%. Our findings also point out that the brain function network of MDD patients shows a random trend, and small world characteristics appears to weaken.
Published: 2021
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22. Pterygium surgery by double-sliding flaps procedure: Comparison between primary and recurrent pterygia

Author: Yun Su Choi, Ji Eun Lee, Yeon Ji Jo, and Jong Soo Lee
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, Pterygium surgery, Special Focus, Ocular Surface and Cornea, Original Article, Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures, Astigmatism, Pterygium, Cornea, Medicine, Recurrent pterygium, Humans, recurrent pterygium, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, double-sliding conjunctival flaps, RE1-994, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Surgery, Sclera, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, astigmatism, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Conjunctiva
Abstract: Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of pterygial excision for primary and recurrent pterygia by a single method of pterygia excision combined with two conjunctival flaps. Methods This retrospective study divided 193 cases of pterygium into the primary (140 cases) and recurrent (53 cases) pterygium groups. Following double-sliding conjunctival transposition flap operation and surgical excision of the pterygium, the success and recurrence rates of pterygial surgery were assessed based on visual acuity and corneal and total astigmatism during follow-up at least 6 months. Results Both primary and recurrent pterygium groups showed significant improvements in visual acuity and astigmatism (corneal and total) between before and after this procedure. Total astigmatism and success rate of primary pterygium were significantly better than those for recurrent pterygium. Two cases (1.4%) of primary pterygium and four cases (7.5%) of recurrent pterygium developed recurrence, corresponding to a rate of 3.1% (6/193 cases). The success rates significantly make a difference between primary and recurrent groups but did not differ significantly between the first recurrent and over twice recurrent pterygium. However, visual acuity, cornea, and total astigmatism improved significantly after surgery in first recurrent group but not in over twice recurrent group. Conclusion The double-sliding conjunctival flaps surgery appeared to be a useful method, with a better success rate and lower pterygial recurrence in pterygium surgery. Especially, when pterygium is larger or recurrent type, this technique can be easily covered the bare sclera, as compared to any transposition conjunctival flap operation.
Published: 2021

23. Optimal Planning and EMS Design of PV Based Standalone Rural Microgrids

Author: Habib Ur Rahman Habib, Asad Waqar, Abdul Khalique Junejo, Mahmoud F. Elmorshedy, Shaorong Wang, Mahmut Sami Buker, Kayode Timothy Akindeji, Jeuk Kang, and Yun-Su Kim
Subjects: General Computer Science, hybrid energy systems, Computer science, 020209 energy, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Net present value, Automotive engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, simplified energy management system, standalone microgrid, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cost of electricity by source, Techno-economic analysis, Total harmonic distortion, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Photovoltaic system, General Engineering, power quality, Power (physics), Model predictive control, Distributed generation, Greenhouse gas, Power quality, rural electrification, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Microgrid, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Voltage
Abstract: Standalone rural microgrid (MG) systems are considered as a sustainable and economical solutions towards rural area electrifications. Specific control schemes are necessary to adopt for reliable and economic performance of these rural MGs. This study focuses on the optimal utilization of biomass potential considering specific applications of bio generator (BG) with BG-PV-WT-BSS and BG-PV-SMES based standalone rural MG systems. In the first case of the BG-PV-WT-BSS, the optimal sizing/selection of DGs of a rural MG has been proposed using the improved-MILP (I-MILP) approach. The objectives of this study were to minimize total net present cost (TNPC), the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and GHG emissions. In the second case of BG-PV-SMES, the simulation model of the rural microgrid consisting of a variable speed bio generator (VSBG) and photovoltaic (PV) has been developed. Afterwards, a simplified EMS has been designed for the coordinated operation control of the distributed energy resources (DERs) in the rural MGs using MATLAB/Simulink® environment. For the DGs connected via power converter, FOSMC and FCS-MPC based coordinated control has been proposed in the simplified EMS. The purpose of the FOSMC and FCS-MPC based power converter is the improvement of the system performance (for instance power quality, regulated voltage and THD) under external disturbances. Simulation analysis shows the better operation of FOSMC and FCS-MPC under less THD and improved power quality.
Published: 2021
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24. Utilization of pain and sedation therapy on noninvasive mechanical ventilation in Korean intensive care units: a multi-center prospective observational study

Author: Kim, Taehee, Kim, Jung Soo, Choi, Eun Young, Chang, Youjin, Choi, Won-Il, Hwang, Jae-Joon, Moon, Jae Young, Lee, Kwangha, Kim, Sei Won, Kang, Hyung Koo, Sim, Yun Su, Park, Tai Sun, Park, Seung Yong, Park, Sunghoon, and Cho, Jae Hwa
Subjects: safety, Exacerbation, intensive care units, medicine.drug_class, Sedation, medicine.medical_treatment, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Nursing, Intensive care, Medicine, Survival rate, Mechanical ventilation, business.industry, sedatives, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, noninvasive ventilation, lcsh:RC86-88.9, Pulmonary, medicine.disease, Pneumonia, Respiratory failure, Sedative, Anesthesia, Original Article, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Background The use of sedative drugs may be an important therapeutic intervention during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in intensive care units (ICUs). The purpose of this study was to assess the current application of analgosedation in NIV and its impact on clinical outcomes in Korean ICUs. Methods Twenty Korean ICUs participated in the study, and data was collected on NIV use during the period between June 2017 and February 2018. Demographic data from all adult patients, NIV clinical parameters, and hospital mortality were included. Results A total of 155 patients treated with NIV in the ICUs were included, of whom 26 received pain and sedation therapy (sedation group) and 129 did not (control group). The primary cause of ICU admission was due to acute exacerbation of obstructed lung disease (45.7%) in the control group and pneumonia treatment (53.8%) in the sedation group. In addition, causes of NIV application included acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in the control group (62.8%) and post-extubation respiratory failure in the sedation group (57.7%). Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) levels before and after 2 hours of NIV treatment were significantly decreased in both groups: from 61.9±23.8 mm Hg to 54.9±17.6 mm Hg in the control group (P
Published: 2020
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25. Single-Variable-Input Active Sidelobe Suppression Method for Synthesized Magnetic Field Focusing Technology and Its Optimization

Author: Ji H. Kim, Hoi R. Kim, Yun-Su Kim, Chun T. Rim, and Bo H. Choi
Subjects: Physics, Single variable, Field (physics), Current distribution, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Finite element method, Matrix multiplication, Magnetic field, Optics, Control and Systems Engineering, Point (geometry), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: In this article, a novel method to calculate the current distribution, which enables the active sidelobe suppression of the magnetic flux density in an synthesized magnetic field focusing (SMF) system, is proposed for the first time. The proposed method calculates the current distribution, which enables further sidelobe suppression and keeping the resolution at the same time, by changing the target magnetic flux density distribution with only one varying parameter. The proposed calculation method is very intuitive and time-efficient compared with the other calculation methods, as it only changes one variable to control the sidelobe with one step of matrix multiplication. With the finite element method simulation, it is verified that the proposed method can suppress the sidelobe with any target Rx point when the SMF system has 14 coils with size of 10 cm × 10 cm, and the synthesis distance is 30 cm. When the field is synthesized at the center, over 90% of the sidelobe is suppressed for maximum case. An figure-of-merit (FoM) is constructed to optimize the system between the resolution increment and the sidelobe suppression, and 79% of the sidelobe is suppressed for the optimized case while keeping the resolution increment ratio below 30%. In addition, it is verified that the method can also be applied to the two-dimensional (2-D) SMF systems. The experimental results were in good agreement with the simulated results when the experimental prototype of the same condition with simulation was utilized, including a case in which the magnetic field is focused at the Rx point other than the center.
Published: 2020
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26. Thermal protective performance of firefighting protective clothing incorporated with phase change material in fire environments

Author: Yunyi Wang, Yun Su, Yanliu Ma, and Ruoying Chen
Subjects: Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Waste management, business.industry, Thermal, Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, Firefighting, General Chemistry, Clothing, business, Phase-change material, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published: 2020
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27. Systematic review of Real-World effectiveness of eribulin for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer

Author: Qi Zhao, Yun Su, and Isabelle Chabot
Subjects: Eribulin Mesylate, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Locally advanced, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Overall survival, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Progression-free survival, Furans, skin and connective tissue diseases, Triple-negative breast cancer, Chemotherapy, business.industry, General Medicine, Ketones, medicine.disease, Metastatic breast cancer, Progression-Free Survival, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Female, business, Eribulin
Abstract: Eribulin mesylate (eribulin) is indicated for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who have previously received at least two chemotherapies in the US and for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or MBC who have progressed after at least one chemotherapy in the European Union (EU). In both indications, prior therapy should include an anthracycline and a taxane in adjuvant or metastatic setting. Numerous studies evaluated eribulin in real-world (RW) breast cancer populations to reinforce its consistent effectiveness beyond registration randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported median overall survival (OS) of 13.1 and 15.9 months. In this systematic literature review (SLR), we summarize the cumulative evidence on eribulin's RW effectiveness in LABC/MBC.We searched through Medline/PubMed and Embase databases between 2012 and 2019 for articles reporting RW eribulin use in the second- or third-line or later LABC/MBC setting. Because eribulin showed greatest OS benefits in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in RCTs, we also reviewed this tumor subtype. OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were the effectiveness outcomes of interest.Overall, 34 journal articles or abstracts met the selection criteria. Median OS ranged between 6.9 and 28.0 months; median PFS varied from 2.3 to 14.7 months. Eight studies reported OS outcomes for TNBC patients, and median OS ranged between 3.0 and 23.0 months.The SLR showed high variability in OS and to a lesser extent in PFS associated with eribulin use in RW setting. Despite heterogeneity in line of use and patient subtypes, this SLR supports effectiveness of eribulin for LABC/MBC in clinical practice.
Published: 2020
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28. A triple-coated ligament graft to facilitate ligament-bone healing by inhibiting fibrogenesis and promoting osteogenesis

Author: Jia Jiang, Tonghe Zhu, Guoming Xie, Ximeng Guo, Jinzhong Zhao, Changsheng Liu, Li Yamin, Song Zhao, Hongyan He, Yun-Su Chen, and Shikui Dong
Subjects: Anterior cruciate ligament, medicine.medical_treatment, 0206 medical engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Macrophage polarization, 02 engineering and technology, Bone healing, Biochemistry, Bone and Bones, Biomaterials, Osteogenesis, medicine, Bone regeneration, Molecular Biology, Ligaments, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Polyethylene Terephthalates, business.industry, General Medicine, musculoskeletal system, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020601 biomedical engineering, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Cancer research, Ligament, Cytokine secretion, Stem cell, 0210 nano-technology, business, Biotechnology
Abstract: Absence of ligament-bone healing due to poor bioactivity and hyperplasia of fibrous tissue caused by immune response severely impairs ligament grafts' functional duration in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. While osteogenic modification is a popular technique for promoting ligament-bone integration, inadequate osseointegration remains a common experience, due to occupying fibrous hyperplasia and impaired osteogenesis potential. In the present study, a triple-nano-coating polyethylene terephthalate (PET) graft was developed by polydopamine self-assembly, chondroitin sulfate (CS) chemical-grafting and BMP-2 physical-immobilization to facilitate robust ligament-bone healing, The CS/polydopamine-modified PET (C-pPET) graft was demonstrated to inhibit fibrogenesis by regulating polarization of macrophages and promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. Moreover, the immunoregulatory function of CS cooperated with BMP-2 to facilitate osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, promoting the expression of ALP, Runx2, OCN and COL I. Bone regeneration was significantly enhanced at early-middle stage in the BMP-loaded pPET (B/pPET) group, while occurring at middle-late stage in the C-pPET group. Continuous new bone formation and optimal ligament-bone healing were observed in the B/C-pPET group via sequential and synergistic immune osteogenesis by CS and cytokine osteogenesis by BMP-2. Thus, the present study revealed a practical avenue for the promotion of ligament-bone healing through the development of a triple-nano-coating engineered ligament combining immunoregulatory anti-fibrogenesis and sequential-synergistic osteogenesis, which holds a great potential for improving the clinical efficacy of ligament graft in ACL reconstruction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A triple-nano-coating polyethylene terephthalate (PET) graft was developed by polydopamine self-assembly, chondroitin sulfate (CS) chemical-grafting and BMP-2 physical-immobilization to facilitate robust ligament-bone healing. This study demonstrated that the multifunctional ligament grafts could reshape the local immune microenvironment by regulating macrophage phenotype and immune cytokine secretion to inhibit the fibrous hyperplasia and regulate stem cell towards osteogenic differentiation to promote bone regeneration. The present study demonstrates that efficient ligament-bone healing is achieved via the combination of immunoregulatory anti-fibrogenesis and dual osteogenesis of immunoregulation and cytokine induction.
Published: 2020
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29. Incidence of bronchiectasis concerning tuberculosis epidemiology and other ecological factors: A Korean National Cohort Study

Author: Seung Won Ra, Yun Su Sim, Tae Hyung Kim, Jang Won Sohn, Ji-Yong Moon, Sang-Heon Kim, Jiin Ryu, Bumhee Yang, Hye Yun Park, Hayoung Choi, Hyun Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Bin Hwangbo, Youlim Kim, Ho Joo Yoon, and Sun-Young Kong
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Bronchiectasis, Tuberculosis, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Original Research Letters, lcsh:R, MEDLINE, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease, National cohort, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, Epidemiology, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Socioeconomic status, Bit (key), Demography
Abstract: Understanding regional differences in the aetiology of bronchiectasis will be crucial to make a strategy to control the disease burden related to bronchiectasis. In Asia, where the prevalence of bronchiectasis is substantially higher than in Western countries [1], previous tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of bronchiectasis [2, 3]. Accordingly, the successful national TB control programme may be an effective strategy to reduce the disease burden of bronchiectasis in many Asian countries. However, to date, no data have supported this assumption. In South Korea, the incidence of TB has declined following government-led TB control programmes, which have changed the country's status from a high-TB burden nation to an intermediate-TB burden country [4]. Thus, the relationship between the incidences of TB and bronchiectasis in South Korea probably provides an answer to this research question. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether TB control was associated with a reduced incidence of bronchiectasis in South Korea, with consideration of other potential factors that can influence the incidence of bronchiectasis., In South Korea, the estimated incidences of bronchiectasis were 147–229 cases per 100000 with a decreasing trend. It may follow the concurrent decrease in the TB prevalence and incidence, and favourable personal and socioeconomic conditions. https://bit.ly/32UA8xH
Published: 2020
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30. Effect of Particulate Matter on the Tear Film in Contact Lens Wearers

Author: Koon-Ja Lee, Jung-Eun Park, Hyun-Woo Kang, and Yun-Su Jo
Subjects: Contact lens, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Ophthalmology, medicine, sense organs, Particulates, business, Tear volume, eye diseases, Normal group
Abstract: Purpose : To investigate the influence of particulate matter (PM) on tear film in contact lens (CL) wearers, the tear volume and stability were evaluated according to the level of PM. Methods : Thirty-one myopes in their 20s wearing glasses and CL were participated, and they were required to wear soft CL (L brand, 55% water content) for 8 hours a day. The subjects were divided into the normal and dry eye groups according to the OSDI score. The levels of PM were divided good (0~30 ㎍/m³) and bad (51~100 ㎍/m³) according to the criteria provided by the Korea Environment Corporation. The tear tests were conducted both on the good and bad PM days. Tear volume was evaluated by OCCUTUBE and the stability was evaluated by TBUT and NIBUT. The results were analyzed using SPSS according to the level of PM. Results : On the day of bad PM level, the tear volume and stability were significantly decreased both wearing glasses and CL (p＜0.050) on to the level of dry eye. With the CL wearing tear volume was decreased even on the day of good PM level and TBUT was decreased on the day of bad PM level compared with glasses wearing. In dry eye group, TBUT was decreased significantly with CL wearing compared with normal group on the day of bad PM level. Conclusion : PM reduces both the amount and stability of tear that it could be the one of causes of dry eye, and wearing CL at the bad PM level deteriorated the tear film stability that the symptoms of dry eye patients may be worsened, so it is thought that wearing glasses should be recommended for contact lens wearers on the day of bad PM to prevent the dry eye.
Published: 2020
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31. Comparison of 1-Year Outcomes Between Small Incision Lenticule Extraction With Prophylactic Cross-Linking and Femtosecond Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis With Prophylactic Cross-Linking

Author: Zheng Wang, Xuejun Fang, Junbai Mo, De Wu, Chunlei Liu, Tian Luo, and Yun Su
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, genetic structures, Corneal Stroma, Riboflavin, medicine.medical_treatment, Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ, Visual Acuity, Keratomileusis, Refraction, Ocular, law.invention, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Ophthalmology, Myopia, medicine, Humans, Small incision lenticule extraction, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Dioptre, Photosensitizing Agents, Keratometer, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Corneal Topography, High myopia, Laser assisted, Corneal topography, eye diseases, Cross-Linking Reagents, Treatment Outcome, Photochemotherapy, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Female, Lasers, Excimer, Collagen, sense organs, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Purpose To compare small incision lenticule extraction with prophylactic cross-linking (SMILE Xtra) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis with prophylactic cross-linking (FS-LASIK Xtra) in their safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability. Methods This is a prospective cohort study. Forty-eight eyes subjected to SMILE Xtra and 90 eyes subjected to FS-LASIK Xtra were enrolled. The enrolled eyes exhibited either borderline corneal topography or high myopia with thin cornea. The following parameters were evaluated before surgery and at 1 day; 1 week; and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery: corrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected distance visual acuity, manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), keratometry values, and thinnest corneal thickness. Results After 1 month, no eye showed loss of 1 or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity. At 12 months, uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 or better for 98% and 99% eyes in the SMILE Xtra and FS-LASIK Xtra groups, respectively (P = 0.657). For 93.8% eyes in the SMILE Xtra group and 90% eyes in the FS-LASIK Xtra group, the achieved MRSE was within ±0.50 diopter of the intended MRSE (P = 0.669). The correlation coefficients for predictability of MRSE correction by SMILE Xtra and FS-LASIK Xtra were 0.987 and 0.983, respectively. The mean MRSE values, keratometry values, and thinnest corneal thickness measured at the different time points showed no significant intra- or intergroup differences. Conclusions Our evaluations of 1-year outcomes suggest that the safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability of SMILE Xtra are comparable with those of FS-LASIK Xtra.
Published: 2020
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32. Prognosis After Weaning from Respiratory Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Author: Sang Min Lee, So My Koo, Young Jae Cho, Sunghoon Park, Seung Yong Park, So Hee Park, Yun Su Sim, Sang-Bum Hong, Woo Hyun Cho, Byung Ju Kang, Jin Young Oh, Jung-Wan Yoo, Chi Ryang Chung, Junhee Han, Hye Ju Yeo, Jae Seung Jung, Jung-Hyun Kim, and Youjin Chang
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biomaterials, Sepsis, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Humans, Medicine, Weaning, Hospital Mortality, Respiratory system, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Interstitial lung disease, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, surgical procedures, operative, 030228 respiratory system, Lung disease, Anesthesia, Female, business
Abstract: Successful weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) does not necessarily imply patient survival. We retrospectively analyzed 441 patients with acute respiratory failure from 16 hospitals in South Korea who underwent ECMO from January 2012 to December 2015. We evaluated the clinical factors associated with mortality after successful weaning from ECMO. Of all 441 patients, 245 (55.6%) were successfully weaned from ECMO. The majority of patients were initially supported with veno-venous ECMO (86.9%). Among those, 182 patients (41.3%) were discharged from hospital. Only 165 (37.4%) were alive after 6 months. Most cases of death occurred within the first month after weaning from ECMO (65%), and the most frequent reason for death was sepsis (76.2%). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, patient age (per 10 years) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.12-1.61; p = 0.001), sequential organ failure assessment score (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02-1.13; p = 0.010), steroid (HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.27-4.45; p = 0.007), interstitial lung disease (HR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05-1.36; p = 0.006), and ECMO duration (per day) (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01-1.04; p < 0.001) were associated with the in-hospital mortality after weaning from ECMO. Furthermore, age (per 10 years) (HR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.24-1.71; p < 0.001), steroid (HR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.27-3.78; p = 0.005), and interstitial lung disease (HR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02-1.31; p = 0.021) were significantly associated with 6 month mortality. The prognosis after weaning from respiratory ECMO might be related to baseline conditions affecting the reversibility of the primary lung disease and to acquired infections.
Published: 2020
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33. Current Status and Utilization Technology of End-of-Life Photovoltaic Modules

Author: Jai Young Cho, Areum Park, Yun-Su Jun, Joon-Soo Kim, and Hyun Mok Yun
Subjects: business.industry, Photovoltaic system, Electrical engineering, Economics, Current (fluid), business
Published: 2020
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34. Air-Gap-Insensitive IPT Pad With Ferromagnetic and Conductive Plates

Author: Yun-Su Kim, Byeong G. Choi, Chun T. Rim, Seung-Tak Ryu, Seog Y. Jeong, and Jin S. Choi
Subjects: Inductance, Materials science, Electromagnetic coil, business.industry, Maximum power transfer theorem, Ferrite (magnet), Optoelectronics, Wireless power transfer, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Air gap (plumbing), business, Ferrite core, Voltage
Abstract: A new conductive-plate-integrated inductive power transfer (IPT) system for automated guided vehicles with little output power variation according to air-gap changes between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) is proposed. The inductance change of the ferrite core due to variations in the air gap is nullified by a corresponding change in an aluminum plate. Compared to conventional ferrite IPT systems, self-inductance of the proposed Tx coil is little changed against air-gap variations, which results in robust resonant frequency and output voltage. The self-inductance was experimentally verified to remain within 0.45% even when the air gap changes by fivefold from 10 to 50 mm. The output power variation became a twelfth of that of the conventional ferrite IPT for air-gap variations of 30 ∼ 50 mm, where the efficiency was found to be 96.0% when the output power was 1 kW.
Published: 2020
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35. Repair of abdominal fascial defects caused by trauma-related infection

Author: Seung Ho Bang, Yun Su Mun, and Seung Je Go
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Ventral hernia, medicine, business, Surgery
Published: 2020
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36. Symmetric Sensing Coil Design for the Blind-Zone Free Metal Object Detection of a Stationary Wireless Electric Vehicles Charger

Author: Yun-Su Kim, Jun H. Park, Chun T. Rim, Gi C. Jang, Seog Y. Jeong, and Van X. Thai
Subjects: business.product_category, business.industry, Computer science, Acoustics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Object detection, Finite element method, Magnetic field, Metal, Electromagnetic coil, visual_art, Electric vehicle, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Wireless, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Wireless sensor network
Abstract: In this article, a simple and cost-effective symmetric sensing coil set to be used for the metal object detection (MOD) in a stationary wireless electric vehicle charger is newly proposed. Compared to the conventional nonoverlapping sensing coil using the magnetic field change detection method, the proposed symmetric sensing coil set design offers the considerable advantage of eliminating all blind zones, i.e., regions where metal is undetectable in the conventional method. Moreover, by reducing the number of layers to one, the fabrication of the proposed sensing coil is easier and more cost effective. The design of the proposed sensing coil is optimized for highly sensitive MOD based on a sensitivity equation and on the finite element method simulations. An experiment conducted with a metal object 40 × 40 mm2 in size and a 20 A transmitting (Tx) coil current verifies the reliability and the blind-zone elimination feature of the proposed sensing coil.
Published: 2020
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37. The Novel Indices of Short-Time Heart Rate Variability for Prediction of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events

Author: Ting Wang, Shiliang Shao, Yun Su, Hai Zhao, Chunhe Song, and Xingchi Chen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, medicine, Heart rate variability, Health Informatics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business
Abstract: In this paper, eight novel instantaneous indices of short-time heart rate variability (HRV) signals are proposed for prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The indices are based on Bubble Entropy (BE) and Singular Value Decompose (SVD). The process of indices calculation is as follows, firstly, the instantaneous amplitude (IA), instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous phase (IP) of HRV signals are estimated by the Hilbert transform. Secondly, according to the HRV, IA, IP and IF, the BE and singular value (SV) is calculated, then eight novel indices are obtained, they are BEHRV, BEIA, BEIF, BEIP, SVHRV, SVIA, SVIF and SVIP. Last but not least, in order to evaluate the performance of the eight novel indices for prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, the difference analysis of eight indices is carried out by t-test. According to the p value, seven of the eight indices BEHRV, BEIA, BEIF, BEIP, SVIA, SVIF and SVIP are thought to be the indices to discriminate the E group and N group. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT) are applied on the seven novel indices. The results are that, seven novel indices are significantly different between the events and non-events groups, and the SVM classifier has the highest classification Acc and Spe for prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, they are 88.31% and 90.19%, respectively.
Published: 2020
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38. Deletion of PPARγ in Mesenchymal Lineage Cells Protects Against Aging-Induced Cortical Bone Loss in Mice

Author: Guodong Pan, Meghan E McGee Lawrence, Jianru Xu, Hongyan Zhou, Yonggang Bao, Jay Cao, Mark W. Hamrick, Xingming Shi, Kehong Ding, Carlos M Isales, Raysa Rosario, and Yun Su
Subjects: Male, THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Biological Sciences, Aging, Stromal cell, Adipose tissue, Inflammation, Interferon-gamma, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adipokines, Adipocyte, Cortical Bone, medicine, Animals, Cell Lineage, Cells, Cultured, Mice, Knockout, business.industry, Leptin, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Cell biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, PPAR gamma, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Adipogenesis, Osteoporosis, Female, Cortical bone, Bone marrow, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Bone loss in aging is linked with chronic low-grade inflammation and the accumulation of marrowfat in animals and humans. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), an adipogenic regulator, plays key roles in these biological processes. However, studies of the roles of PPARγ in age-related bone loss and inflammation are lacking. We hypothesized that deletion of PPARγ in bone marrow mesenchymal lineage cells would reduce bone loss with aging, potentially through a reduction in fat-generated inflammatory responses and an increase in osteoblastic activity. In the present study, we show that mice deficient of PPARγ in Dermo1-expressing mesenchymal lineage cells (Dermo1-Cre:PPARγ fl/fl) have reduced fat mass and increased cortical bone thickness but that deficiency of PPARγ had limited effect on protection of trabecular bone with aging as demonstrated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, µCT, and histomorphometric analyses. Conditional knockout of PPARγ reduced serum concentrations of adipokines, including adiponectin, resistin, and leptin, and reduced marrow stromal cell expression levels of inflammation-related genes. Inflammation genes involved in the interferon signaling pathway were reduced the most. These results demonstrate that disruption of the master adipogenic regulator, PPARγ, has a certain protective effect on aging-induced bone loss, suggesting that regulation of adipose function and modulation of interferon signaling are among the key mechanisms by which PPARγ regulates bone homeostasis during aging process.
Published: 2020
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39. Efficacy and safety of targeted drugs in advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer: A network meta-analysis

Author: Long Ge, Lixia Zhao, Liying Zhang, Han Zhang, Li Ma, Hongxia Gong, Yongqi Liu, Yun Su, Ting-Ting Li, Shiwei Niu, Xiaojie Jin, Liangying Hou, Guangxian Leng, and Li Chenghao
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, Network Meta-Analysis, Lapatinib, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Randomized controlled trial, law, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Regorafenib, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Apatinib, Everolimus, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Pharmacology, business.industry, Nivolumab, chemistry, Tolerability, Pertuzumab, Esophagogastric Junction, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: What is known and objective An increasing number of targeted drugs have been used to treat advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC). However, the optimal treatment efficacy of these drugs is still controversial. The aims of this study are to systematically summarize the efficacy and safety of current targeted drugs for advanced or metastatic GC and GEJC. Methods PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials were searched for double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on GC and GEJC up to December 2019. Additionally, we updated the literature search from Jan, 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. Narrative and quantitative analysis were performed to analyse the efficacy and safety. STATA 15.1 was used to identify publication bias, and the SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking) curve was conducted to rank the treatments for each outcome. Results A total of 27 RCTs with 9295 GC and GEJC patients treated by 19 drugs were included. SUCRA showed that regorafenib was the most likely to improve patients' progression-free survival (96.4%), followed by apatinib (90.7%), nivolumab (82.4%), everolimus (76.5%) and pertuzumab (68.5%). Meanwhile, apatinib (92.4%) was most likely to improve overall survival, followed by nivolumab (87.9%), regorafenib (72.5%), olaparib (67.7%) and lapatinib (63.2%). Additionally, neutropenia, diarrhoea and fatigue were the most common adverse events caused by these drugs, followed by pain, nausea, decreased appetite, anaemia and vomiting. What is new and conclusion Regorafenib and nivolumab have higher efficacy and tolerability and are the most advantageous for advanced GC and GEJC. Moreover, apatinib has higher efficacy but lower tolerability. Everolimus and pertuzumab combined with chemotherapy have best secondary higher efficacy for progression-free survival and good tolerability. Lapatinib and olaparib combined with chemotherapy have moderate efficacy for overall survival and good tolerability.
Published: 2021

40. Syringomyelia Manifesting With Pseudodystonia: A Case Report

Author: Sungyang Jo, Seung Hyun Lee, Sun Ju Chung, and Yun Su Hwang
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, business.industry, Pseudodystonia, medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.disease, business, Syringomyelia, Surgery
Published: 2021

41. Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Author: Labeau, Sonia O, Afonso, Elsa, Benbenishty, Julie, Blackwood, Bronagh, Boulanger, Carole, Brett, Stephen J, Calvino-Gunther, Silvia, Chaboyer, Wendy, Coyer, Fiona, Deschepper, Mieke, François, Guy, Honore, Patrick M, Jankovic, Radmilo, Khanna, Ashish K, Llaurado-Serra, Mireia, Lin, Frances, Rose, Louise, Rubulotta, Francesca, Saager, Leif, Williams, Ged, Blot, Stijn I, Dritan, Muzha, Antoni Margarit Ribas, Fernando, Lipovesty, Cecilia, Loudet, Fiona, Coyer, Philipp, Eller, Nafseen, Mostafa, Patrick, M Honoré, Vanesa Mercado Telleria, Jasmina, Smajic, Paula Cristina Nogueira, Khalid Mahmood Khan Nafees, Romuald, Hentchoya, Louise, Rose, Javiera, Soledad, Frances, Lin, Yenny, Cardenas, Amylkar Garay Reyes, Alan, Sustic, Meropi, Mpouzika, Tamas, Vymazal, Hanne Irene Jensen, Hernan, Aguirre-Bermeo, Liivi, Maddison, Maija, Valta, Silvia, Calvino-Gunther, Frank, Bloos, Faustina Excel Adipa, Vasilios, Koulouras, Judy, Enamorado, Zsuzsann, Ágoston, Hrönn, Birgisdóttir, Amit, Gupta, Mohan, Gurjar, Bram, Kilapong, Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian, Ignacio, Martin-Loeches, Julie, Benbenishty, Andrea, Cortegiani, Kelly, Fletcher, Yoshiro, Hayashi, Wangari, Waweru-Siika, Khalid, Abidi, Sang-Min, Lee, Burhan, Hadri, Mihails, Dolgusevs, Fayez François Abillama, Tomas, Jovaisa, Cyril, Thix, Muhammed, Elhadi, Basri Mat Nor, Shanti, Ratnam, Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan, Sundaresan, Maiyalagan, Luis, Sánchez-Hurtado, Adrian, Belii, Mendsaikhan, Naranpurev, Prabha, Gautam, Dylan De Lange, Rachael, Parke, Rose Ekama Ilesanmi, Mirjana, Shosholcheva, Antonija, Petosic, Ranveig, Lind, Madiha Hashmi Ffarcsi, Javier, Bogarin, Aaron Mark Hernandez, Malgorzata, Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, Bruno, Sousa, Dana, Tomescu, Dorel, Sandesc, Theogene, Twagirumugabe, Vitaly, Gusarov, Maie, Ebaid, Radmilo, Jankovic, Gari, Slobodianiuk, Andrea, Martonova, Rihard, Knafelj, Mervyn, Mer, Emilio, Maseda, Bernardo, Panka, Joerg, C Schefold, Eva, Joelsson-Alm, Konlawij, Trongtrakul, Lorna, Merritt-Charles, Lamia Ouanes Besbes, Yalım, Dikmen, Lesia, Zgrzheblovska, Mark, Fielding, Francesca, Rubulotta, Ashish, K Khanna, Leif, Saager, Ingrid von der Osten, Alban, Greca, Alma, Cani, Nordian, Xhindi, Genci, Hyska, Antonio Margarit Ribas, Susana, Pinto, Paulo, Alves, Romina, Esposito, Emanuel, Valgolio, John Thomas Sanchez Minope, Antonio, Abdala, Maria, Ayala, Silvina, Bravo, Ana, Bantar, Patricia, Delgado, Gustavo, Badariotti, Fernando, Lipovestky, Ana, Diaz, Pablo, Saul, Mariano, Setten, Alejandra, Aucapina, Ysica, Acosta, Victor, Gonzalez, Luis, Camputaro, Fernando, Baccaro, Robert, Villa, Marcela, Mastantuono, Emiliano, Dean, Oscar Fernández Rostello, Patricia, Brizuela, Julio Ricardo Bartoli, Matias, Guereschi, Cristian, Quiroga, Sofia, Putruele, Paula, Villegas, Veronica, Curilen, Ruben, Fernandez, Mariangeles Gabriela Nocheretti, Rosana Gabriela Escalante, Cecilia Inés Loudet, Silvia, Fernandez, Ana Laura Gonzalez, Gustavo Andres Alvarez, Federico, Iglesias, Silvia, Chaparro, Graciela, Zakalik, Gonzalo, Pagella, Matías, Baini, Pierina Arias Campos, Ignacio, Sabbag, Armando, Schmukler, Imelda Perdomo Fonseca, Gonzalo Martín Alvarez, Mario, Ramirez, Fernando, Tapia, Carlos Alejandro Bascary, Graciela Del Valle Gimenez, Fernando Pablo Bertoletti, Esteban, Milioto, Pablo Julio Maldonaldo Bonsignore, Maria Alejandra Fernandez, Julie, Smith, Tim, Chimunda, Lorraine, Thompson, Teena, Maguire, Wendy, Chaboyer, Stacey, Watts, Marion, Mitchell, Madeleine, Powell, India, Lye, Leanne, Parsons, Nerilee, Baker, Claire, Reynolds, Amy, Thompson, Kristy, Masters, Kellie, Sosnowski, Lynette, Morrison, Gavin, D Leslie, Ramanathan, Lakshmanan, Alexis, Tabah, Wendy, Brown, Sharon, McDowell-Skaines, Andrea, Mclucas, Chris, Smith, Mandy, Tallot, Sarah, Jones, Michelle, Barakat-Johnson, Thomas, Leong, Rand, Butcher, Kerrie, Martin, Philipp, Douschan, Dirk von Lewinski, René, Schmutz, Uta, Kolussi, Fatema, Salman, Zainab, Ateya, Koen De Decker, Niels Van Regenmortel, Anita, Jans, Patricia, Wijnands, Stefano, Coremans, Patrick, M Honore, David De Bels, Tanja, Depuydt, Caroline, Paillet, Luc-Marie, Jacquet, Walter, Swinnen, Francis, Hannes, Matthia, Mergeay, Stijn Van de Velde, Silvie, Allaert, Pieter, Hoste, Christophe, Borin, Sandrine, Balon, Vincent, Fraipont, Patrick, Biston, Nicolas De Schryver, Thierry, Dugernier, Ilse Van Cotthem, Angelica Olivetto de Almeida, Silvia Angelica Jorge, Delmiro, Becker, Raysa Cristina Schmidt, Evellyn, Oliveira, Aline, Ramalho, Eliane, Mazocoli, Audrey, Fioretti, Elaine, Barros, Leticia, Serpa, Suzana, Bianchini, Ticiane, Campanili, Taís, Pantaleao, Paulo Carlos Garcia, Ana Lucia Vitti Ronchini, Rayanne, Santos, Nurulhuda Binti, A Manap, Sean, Bagshaw, Dominic, Carney, Jon, Davidow, Ella, Rokosh, Andréa Maria Laizner, Samantha, Smith, Megan, Mcquirter, Betty Star Kampayana, René, Favre, Martin, Sills, Julie, Dallaire, Cathy, Becker, Sherissa, Microys, Bonnie, Bowes, Jennifer, Lajeunesse, Rishi, Ghosh, Jacqueline, Baptiste-Savoie, Rose, Raizman, Gabriel, Suen, Noushin, Taghavi, Orla, Smith, Clare, Fielding, Julieta, Canales, Pia, Molina, Javiera, Chaparro, Maria Idalia Sepulveda, Matias Jesús Flamm Zamorano, Pamela, Rocha, Ximena, Villanueva, Paola, Araya, Meneses, Dayan, Fernando, Avalos, Xiaohan, Li, Liu, Yu, Xinxia, Li, Xiaoyan, Chen, Zhixia, Jiang, Jing, Yang, Jingfang, Chen, Lei, Yang, Kefang, Wang, Jie, Gao, Xiuhua, Fang, Ronghua, Zhao, Xinhua, Xia, Hongmei, Liu, Jing, Li, Haiyan, Wang, Gen, Meng, Yanhong, Di, Damei, Wang, Rong Hua Zhao, Li Ping Hu, Peipei, Xu, Qing Feng Jiao, Hai Yun Wang, Chun Jie Xia, Yan, Liu, Mei, Ye, Yan, Wan, Wenmei, Wang, Yajun, Ding, Aiua, Ren, Yan, Gao, Qi, Li, Guifang, Du, Yanling, Shen, Yanming, Ding, Ning, Li, Cui, Yuan, Lei, Tan, Qiang, Lin, Hailing, Guo, Howe, Yan, Xiao, Xu, Wei, Zhang, Jinxian, Liang, Libing, Zhang, Eryun, Tian, Qian, Zhao, Lin, Insu, Jingwen, Dong, Yanmei, Gu, Ying, Liu, Lina, Zhao, Wei, Wang, Hongmei, Qiao, Lili, Tuo, Mengmeng, Lv, Jin Yu Zhu, Jifen, Zhu, Ying, Wei, Man, Liu, Yin, He, Jiyin, Cheng, Jin, Liu, Jia, Na, Dongfang, Wei, Qing, Li, Xiaoying, Wu, Huan, Duan, Dongliang, Lin, Qiong, Liang, Xiaofang, Luo, Yunfeng, Xiong, Rong Fen Huang, Jing, Fu, Tao, Zan, Man, Ye, Zeya, Shi, Yanfei, Long, Yang, Lei, Xiaodi, Liu, Chen, Yumei, Lingling, Wang, Yali, Zhang, Yan, Xu, Cheng, Wang, Zhijuan, Chengxia, Sun, Jinhui, Song, Yingli, Wang, Xiumei, Liu, Yupeng, Liu, Yuxia, Yuan, Qingping, Huang, Fengling, Yang, Yun, Wu, Xianping, Luo, Xiaowu, Bai, Hong, Zheng, Min, Song, Yue, Sun, Zhangshuangzi, Li, Feifei, Luo, Miao, Liu, Li Chuntang Li, Xinjian, Li, Guiping, Zhang, Lina, Xiao, Tingting, Yu, Guangyuan, Gao, Wei, Wei, Fanglan, Wang, Ting, Han, Tingting, Li, Zeng, Qi, Jing Mei Zeng, Yan, Long, Fuqun, Pan, Jing, Wang, Guoxue, He, Haiyan, Chen, Feifei, Zhang, Chao, Yu, Gao, Chunhua, Xiuying, Yao, Dongmei, Bai, Liu, Lu, Xuelian, Xu, Yan, Wang, Xuejuan, Liang, Zhang, Na, Aizhi, Zhang, Xiaochun, Hu, Hui, Zhang, Ruixia, Wang, Poon Shing Tak, Sung Wai Ho, Qun Xia Jiang, Xinran, Ding, Liu, Hong, Limei, Miao, Zhaoxia, Feng, Liping, Huang, Juan, Wu, Yuping, Wang, Jiye, Guo, Baoke, Zhang, Chaoqun, Ma, Han, Yu, Congcong, Liu, Min, Ding, Linlin, Luan, Jing, Zheng, Shanshan, Lv, Shumin, Jiang, Wenzhen, Cao, Xiujuan, Xue, Guangyan, Liu, Xiyan, Wei, Youru, Jiang, Zhiru, Yao, Gao, Li, Jinhua, Li, Wenwen, Zhao, Mei, Jiang, Junping, Hao, Jing, Zhang, Caiju, Song, Feifei, Chen, Shuhui, Wang, Lili, Hu, Deyan, Cao, Jianhong, Wan, Xiaomin, Wang, Hongyan, Shao, Zhenxia, Zhang, Xia, Cui, Jingyu, Liu, Lijuan, Zhao, Xingguo, Li, Limei, Fan, Ling, Zhang, Min, Yu, Biyan, Li, Chunxia, Li, Ling, Liu, Xuelian, Liu, Wenmin, Chen, Yan, Li, Zhang, Zhigang, Yuchen, Wu, Chenghau, Mu, Guoyan, Zhu, Fan, Yang, Qi, Bo, Ling, Li, Meili, Chen, Jing Hua Jiang, Hai, Yin, Xuelian, Pang, Yue Ying Gong, Shunzhu, Yang, Xiaoli, Yan, Xianhong, Zheng, Dehong, Lei, Lei, Lei, Yinhua, Guo, Lihong, Liu, Jing, Yu, Wei, Sun, Aiping, Bi, Weiwei, Li, Yang, Wu, Ji, Li, Dongshu, Ni, Zijing, Wu, Bing, Song, Qin, Fei, Yang, Xiaoyan, Qiong, Ran, Xixi, Li, Xueping, Jiao, Hua, Ji, Sun, Zhiping, Hong, Ma, Jianhong, Mu, Yanhua, Hao, Yin, Li, Ying, Wang, Caihong, Hui, Wenjie, Ju, Yuxia, Huo, Yuxia, Wang, Lei, Chen, Yan, Yan, Qingli, Zhao, Hongjuan, Chen, Guijun, Bao, Ying, Cao, Hong, Li, Hong, Zhang, Ying, Zhang, Lina, Xu, Jia, Guixiang, Ying, Li, Hui Min Zhao, Xia, Huang, Zhaoxing, Dai, Yanman, Jian, Hongsu, Zhang, Zhixia, Tian, Zu Qing Cao, Miao, Li, Yang, Liu, Fei, Ouyang, Fuying, Ma, Wangyan, Jin, Liuyan, Ge, Shifen, Wu, Weilian, Yuan, Tianfei, Chen, Guanxiu, Shi, Zhihong, Chen, Kewei, Liu, Xue, Lin, Yuemen, Ly, Sun, Lijuan, Xiao Fang Tian, Shuo, Wang, Zhangxia, Feng, Xiaozhe, Liu, Yunchun, Dong, Jundi, Zhang, Nie, Bocui, Guoxian, Wang, Yingjuan, Zhao, Xiaojun, Wu, Qiao, Yang, Rongjun Ling Hu, Xue Qin Li, Zhu Jun Yu, Yanlan, Yao, Xiaoqiong, Deng, Yan, Xiao, Yan, Xie, Yanping, Yang, Huai, Yang, Yuming, Zhou, Zhuqing, Li, Min, Xiao, Yongxia, Yang, Yani, Tian, Luz Marina Silva Gama, Juan Sebastian Hernandez, Nestor, Caicedo, Jorge, Marin, Maria-Elena, Ochoa, Monica, Gomez, José, Rojas-Suarez, Jeniffer, Gonzalez, Amylkar José Garay Reyes, Edwin, Chapeta, Estefania, Orozco, Ina, Filipović-Grčić, Anita, Vuković, Suzana, Pečenković, Aleksandar, Šuput, Gordana, Zivanovic-Posilovic, Armanda, Bozena, Nikolina, Udiljak, Morena, Milic, Renata Curic Radivojevic, Slobodan, Mihaljevic, Marijana, Matas, Dinko, Tonkovic, Hemena, Čuljak, Ivana, Herceg, Gordana, Pavlisa, Milena, Dobric, Tatjana, Beker, Višnja Nesek Adam, Tanja, Goranovic, Chrysanthos, Markoulias, Mina, Mathaios, Maria, Mylordou, Eleni, Achilleos, Pavlina, Kleanthous, Veronika, Kotanidi, Maria, Foka, Iwy, Charalabous, Anna, Alexandrou, Marios, Georgiou, Artemis, Patsalos, Sofia, Zepoy, Constantina, Constantinou, Petr, Piza, Tomas, Vymazal, Elisabeth, Wiborg, Louise, Bruhn, Karin, Kaasby, Karin Rehnholt Pedersen, Sanne, Mikkelsen, Marie, Collet, Anne, Langvad, Hanne, Andresen, Susanne, Fischer, Inger Ebbesen Kjærgård, Britta, Jepsen, Birthe, Husted, Morten, Bestle, Anne Marie Kodal, Tina Charlotte Bitsch Hansen, Anne Sofie Bomholt Pedersen, Tina Damgaar Thomsen, Anisette, Hoegenhaven, Mette, From, Tine Melgaard Frandsen, Grit, Henning, Anja, Hansen, Inger Abildgaard Bliksted, Luis Mario Tamayo, Pedro, Mogrovejo, Carolina, Palaez, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Cintia Valencia Hurtado, Maria Fernanda García, Diana, Alvarez, Fausto, Guerrero, Alexandra, Vasquez, Martin, Kütimets, Kadri, Tamme, Eneli, Anvelt, Lomangisi, Dlamini-Sserumaga, Carita, Löfqvist, Virpi, Lusenius, Outi, Kauppi, Jenni-Katarina, Sakki, Tarja, Tervo-Heikkinen, Ulla, Kesti, Merja, Merilainen, Elina, Karjula, Minna, Peltomaa, Auli, Palmu, Maarit, Ahtiala, Maija Anniina Valta, Hervé, Mentec, Gaëtan, Plantefève, Guillaume, Besch, Sébastien, Pili-Floury, Stanislas, Ledochowski, Marc Danguy des Déserts, Christophe, Giacardi, Cédric, Daubin, Audrey, Massard, Yann Le Guen, Agnès, Blanc, Simon, Mandaroux, Silvia Calvino Günther, Prune, Avogadro, Anthony, Radavidson, Jean, Turc, Sébastien, Jochmans, Hervé, Quintard, Laetitia, Boyer, Cédric, Bruel, François, Philippart, Philippe, Montravers, Enora, Atchade, Nadine, Flessel, Benoît, Chinardet, Léa, Soulisse, Cindy, Pillard, Delphine, Ngo, Benjamin, Bongiorno, Nathalie, Heitzler, Virginie, Souppart, Nathalie, Gautheret, Jean-Francois, Timsit, Fatiha, Essardy, Muriel, Fartoukh, Daisy, Mehay, Fabienne, Etourneau, Jean-Christophe, Farkas, Pascal, Beuret, Gabriel, Preda, Etienne De Montmollin, Vincent, Castelain, Ulrich, Jaschinski, Monika, Rothenfusser, Detlef, Kindgen-Milles, Thomas, Dimski, Christine, Fiedler, Tobias, Heinicke, Patrick, Meybohm, Tobias, Schulze, Marc, Bota, Sabrina, Pelz, Tobias, Odenthal, Martin, Christ, Kathrin, Bösl, Achilleas, Chovas, Sebastian, Stehr, Philipp, Simon, Sarah, Grotheer, Sebastian, Schüppel, Stefan, Schaller, Lea, Albrecht, Andeas, Stübner, Stephan, Graeser, Nina, Kolbe, Martina, Lausch, Anja, Diers, Ulf, Guenther, Reimer, Riessen, Martin, Roller, Irene Pearl Osei, Anita-Chrysolyte, Kusi-Appiah, Yakubu, H Yakubu, Belinda, Guadi-Gosh, Christos, Dragoumanis, Christos, Christofis, Nikolaos, Kazakos, Styliani, Bastani, Charalampos, Martinos, Vasileios, Bekos, Metaxia, Papanikolaou, Theonymfi, Papavasilopoulou, Anna, Efthymiou, Vasiliki, Chantziara, Anna, Kyriakoudi, Nikolaos, Kakaras, Chrisi, Diakaki, Aikaterini, Flevari, Charikleia, Nikolaou, Kounougeri, Katerina, Lamprini, Avramopoulou, Kyriaki, Tsikritsaki, Georgios, Gkiokas, Eirini, Pantiora, Chrysostomos, Katsenos, Eirini-Chysovalanto, Patsiou, Paraskevi, Alexandropoulou, Ioannis, Koutsodimitropoulos, Epaminontas, Farmakis, Konstantina, Nestora, Marinos, Chatzis, Eumorfia, Kondili, Stella, Soundoulounaki, Ourania, Mousafiri, Dimitra, Lepida, Antonia, Liarmakopoulou, Georgios, Papathanakos, Mrina, Oikonomou, Panagiotis, Ioannides, Dimitrios, Papadopoulos, Ioannis, Staikos, Maria, Stafylaraki, Bogdan, Raitsiou, Konstantinos, Mandis, Ifigenia, Ravani, Styliani, Kourelea, Aikaterini, Efthimiou, Giannoula, Thoma, Apostolos, Bakas, Konstantinos, Psarulis, Souzana, Anisoglou, Eirini, Papageorgiou, Evangelia, Michailidou, Thomai, Tholioti, Athena, Lavrentieva, Evdokia, Sourla, Anastasia, Spyropoulou, Nikolaos, Pantelas, Kristina Mariana Matei Stalika, Ioannis, Georgakas, Antigoni, Karathanou, Syragoula, Tsikriki, Aikaterini, Dimoula, Sofia, Kanakaki, Aristeidis, Vakalos, Konstantinos, Pagioulas, Judy Enamorado Enamorado, Gabor, Nardai, Fatime, Hawchar, Asbjorn, Blondal, Brynja, Rygvadottir, Rannveig, J Jonasdottir, Hrönn, Birgisdottir, Bhagyesh, Shah, Shuchi, Kaushik, Swagata, Tripathy, Mukta, Singh, Sonika, Agarwal, Manish, Gupta, Meraj, Ahmad, Kishore, Mangal, Vaibhav, Bhargava, Vilas, Kushare, Simant, Jha, Lakshay, Bhakhtiani, Manoj, Kamal, Arvind, Baronia, Ade, Susanti, Mayang Indah Lestari, Zulkifli, Zulkifli, Windu, Baskoro, Farid, Zand, Fatemeh, Zarei, Ata, Mahmoodpoor, Farshad, Heidari, Fateme, Jafaraghaee, Aidan, O'Shea, Fiona, O'Shea, Caroline, O'Donnell, Geraldine, Craig, Gerry, Fitzpatrick, Lisa, Dunne, Jennifer, Hastings, Brian, Marsh, Caitriona, Cody, Elizabeth, Campbell, Deirdre, Doyle, Michelle, Pacturanan, Christine, Sheehan, Annette, Carey, Charlotte, Carter, Regina, Mulvey, Damien O'Connell Rosemary Finn, Catherine, Motherway, Amy, Walsh, Jennifer, Kehoe, Shella, Delossantos, Jennifer, Lalor, Siobhan, O'Nuallain, Helena, Behan, Sandra, Mcpherson, Ailesh, Corcoran, Patricia, Gordon, Glenda, Rooney, Dassy, Levy, Mazal, Azencot, Vladimir, Gurevich, Alinoy, Lavy, Valentina, Bendelari, Romina, Marconi, Antonio, Barone, Chiara, Gatti, Andrea, Giampaoletti, Cinzia, Borgognoni, Davide Massimo Ghioldi, Arena, Raimondo, Giacomo, Castiglione, Anna Vita Bruno, Giorgia, Rubulotta, Antonella, Mo, Amalia, Corso, Salvatore, Girianni, Andrea, Bruni, Eugenio, Garofalo, Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore, Alessandro Di Risio, Italo, Calamai, Rosario, Spina, Savino, Spadaro, Carlo Alberto Volta, Antonella, Cotoia, Lucia, Mirabella, Laura, Maulicino, Giancarlo, Abregal, Maria, Donvito, Paolo, D'Ambrosio, Filipo, Binda, Ileana, Adamina, Alessandro, Galazzi, Alessandra, Negro, Rosanna, Vaschetto, Fabio, Capuzzi, Margherita, Boschetto, Lucia, Stivanello, Luciano, Bonaccorso, Chiara, Megna, Pasquale, Iozzo, Antonino, Rizzo, Giovanni, Scire, Maria Rosa Taibi, Francesca Paola Tranello, Antonio, Manzo, Lidia, Traina, Beatrice, Pastore, Attilio, Quaini, Gian Domenico Giusti, Gloria, Montaldi, Federica, Piergentili, Federica, Mancini, Simona, Casaioli, Francesco, Uccelli, Fabio, Guarracino, Adriana, Onelli, Valentina Di Gravio, Maria, Cossu, Oliva, Matrona, Monica, Rocco, Daniela, Alampi, Federica, Dellafiore, Flavia, Ranalli, Matteo, Bossolasco, Elisabetta, Brizio, Pina, Migliorino, Paolo, Cortellazi, Moris, Rosati, Francesco, D'Ambrosio, Catia, Quagliotto, Erik, Roman-Pognuz, Alberto, Peratoner, De Rosa, Silvia, Marina Alessandra Martin, Francesca De Sanctis, Paolo, Ciorba, Patrick, Toppin, Hyacinth, Harding-Goldson, Shunsuke, Taito, Nobuaki, Shime, Ryohey, Yamamoto, Fumiya, Kanda, Akemi, Hirao, Moritoki, Egi, Ayako, Noguchi, Satoru, Hashimoto, Umeda, Aya, Hideaki, Sakuramoto, Akira, Ohuchi, Jun, Kataoka, Kumi, Maruyama, Izumi, Nakayama, Yoshimasa, Nishime, Koji, Fujimoto, Kenji, Takahashi, Mayumi, Tsujimoto, Masako, Shimizu, Eunice, Tole, Malcolm, C Correia, Je Hyeong Kim, Sunghoon, Park, Kyung Chan Kim, Jonghyun, Baek, Jung-Min, Bae, So Young Park, Tai Sun Park, Heung Bum Lee, Seung Yong Park, Jisoo, Park, Lee, Yeon-Joo, Cho, Young-Jae, Sang-Miin, Lee, Kyeongman, Jeon, Seok Chan Kim, Jongmin, Lee, Hyun Keun Chee, Jin Won Huh, Yun Su Sim, Junghyun, Kim, Youjin, Chang, Jong-Joon, Ahn, Byung Ju Kang, Won-Yeon, Lee, Seok Jeong Lee, Nehat, Baftiu, Ivasr, Krastins, Sonia, Stiban, Michel El Feghaly, Elie, Gharios, Marie, Merheb, Mohamed, Benlamin, Ala, Khaled, Wesal Ali Belkhair, Majd, Tabib, Firas, Ashour, Ahmed, Elhadi, Osama Wanees Emhemid Tababa, Taha, Khaled, Soad Imhmed, R Alkhumsi, Abdualhamid, I Alshrif, Ahmed Ali Aboufray, Aya, Alabuzidi, Ahmed Ramadan Triki, Mala, Elgammudi, Hajer Ben Zahra, Enas, Soula, Maram Milud Said Al-Alawi, Hazem, Ahmed, Mohamed Abdurazzag Ali Ghula, Saulius, Vosylius, Lucie, Mouton, Touraj, Rastegar, Claude, Sertznig, Gilles, Martin, Christian, Theisen, Christian, Ferretti, Fränk, Gils, Marc, Gallion, Asmah, Zainudin, Laila Kamaliah Kamalul Bahrin, Shanti Rudra Deva, Azmin Huda Abdul Rahim, Sherliza, Wahab, W Nazaruddin, W Hassan, Wan Nasrudin Wan Ismail, Mohd Nazri Ali, Tien Meng Khoo, Noryani Mohd Samat, Jenny May Geok Tong, Nik Azman Nik Adib, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Shanthi, Ratnam, Nahla, Ismail, Siti Rohayah Sulaiman, Kit Weng Foong, Anita, Alias, Ngu Pei Hua, Jorge Macias Zermeno, Daniel, Blanco, Karely, Duran, Claudia Lizbeth Lopez Nava, San Juan Roman Nandyelly, Luis Alejandro Sanchez-Hurtado, Brigitte, Tejeda-Huezo, Mario Del Moral Armengol, Luis Pedro Ambriz Nava, Jorge Guerra Herrera, Gilberto Felipe Vazquez de Anda, Humberto, Gallegos-Perez, Nancy, Hernandez-Sanchez, Lucia, Hernandez-Ponce, Luis, Gorordo-Delsol, Marcos, Hernandez-Romero, Saira, Gomez, Fernando, Molinar, Silvio, A Ñamendys-Silva, Juan, P Romero-Gonzalez, Daira, Gonzalez, Antonio, Landaverde, Miguel Ángel Sosa, Berenice, Navarro, José Ivan Rodriguez de Molina Serrano, Sergio Reyes Iburrigarro, Alejandro, Ibarra, Joaquin, Aguirre, Mayra, Martinez-Gonzalez, Nayeli Rocio Cañas Padilla, Ana Alícia Velarde Pineda, Missael Vladimir Espinoza Villafuerte, María Ocotlan Gonzalez Herrera, Battsetseg, Baasanjav, Abdelhamid, Hachimi, Mina, Elkhayari, Tarek, Dendane, Nisha Bhandari Subedi, Sabina Dhakal Pathak, Meena, Manandhar, Laura Van Gulik, Mark Van Den Brink, Peter Van Vliet, Benjamin, Gerretsen, Lettie Van Den Berg, Marina De Haan, Binny, Tuinstra, Paul, Kuijpers, Jennifer, Reijntjens, Jan Wytze Vermeijden, Martin, Rinket, Margijske, Vanroest, Auke, Reidinga, Bert, Loef, Willem, Dieperink, Marisa, Onrust, Tom, Dormans, Laura, Bormans, 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Guillén, Josep Trenado Alvarez, Mercedes Del Cotillo, Jesus Emilio Barrueco-Francioni, Belen Burgos Conde, Maria Pilar Sogues Blanco, Maria Luisa Blasco, Ana Isabel Clement, Clara, Hurtado, Luz Coronado Sanz, David, Perez-Torres, Estefanía, Prol-Silva, Jorge, Pereira, Iván Areán González, Anastasio Espejo Cano, Cesar Rodriguez Nuñez, Inmaculada Lorenzo Fernadez, Alejandra Azahara Marguello Fernandez, Rosa Del Bosque Diez, Badiola, Hilario, Begoña, Zalba-Etayo, Ana, Pascual-Bielsa, Preveen, Banwarie, Dick, Nahar, Alisha van Axel, Naraindath, N Boedjawan, Erika Backlund Jansson, Ann-Sofie, Malvemyr, Lotta, Johansson, Ulla, Sandberg, Catarina, Tingsvik, Gunilla, Mattsson, Gun, Löf, Martin, Spångfors, Mona, Ringdal, Sebastian, Geijer, Lotti, Orvelius, Mia, Hylen, Caroline, Lagerhäll, Eva, Åkerman, Viveca Hamback Hellkvist, Ulrica, Mickelsson, Ewa, Wahlbom, Ing-Marie, Larsson, Ewa, Wallin, Filippo, Boroli, Solenne, Ory, Margaret Lynn Jong, Alexander, Dullenkopf, Martin, Lang, Yvan, Fleury, 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Polgarova, Shaly, George, Ritoo, Kapoor, Ceri, Lynch, Nathalie, Fox, Karen, Cranmer, Natalie, Fox, Thomas, Llewellym, Kelly, Matthews, Louise, Maltby, Jowena, Ibao, Karen, Boulton, Rachel, Jarman, Karen, Baxter, Ashok Sundai Raj, Arif, Moghal, Joanne, White, Suzanne, Barrowcliffe, Mark, Pulletz, Vaarisan, Ganeshalingam, Rosaleen, Baruah, Carole, Boulanger, Helen, Baker, Justin, Woods, Poe Poe Ei, Vongayi, Ogbeide, Paul, Hayden, Jennifer, Hughes, Madhu, Balasubramanian, Armorel, Salberg, Rajnish, Saha, Dagmar, Holmquist, Claire, Derbyshire, Neil, Smith, Elizabeth, Stones, Jane, Ademokun, Monica, Popescu, Maria Schofield Legorburo, Samantha, North, Carole, Brett, Helen, Jaundoo, Jayne, Craig, Simon, Whiteley, Clare, Howcroft, Liz, Wilby, Peter, Delve, David, Shaw, Karen, Williams, Ingeborg, D Welters, Jane, Mcmullen, Stephen, Brett, Leah, Flores, Treiza, Trueman-Dawkins, Mae, Templeton, John, Adams, Catherine, Smith, John, Prowle, Heather, Byers, Andrea, Mcdonnell, Bernd Oliver Rose, Rosie, Reece-Anthony, Luis, Mendes, Marcela, Vizcaychipi, Rhian, Bull, Grace, Lacaden, Eleanor, Santiago, Carlos Castro Delgado, Sarah, Farnell-Ward, Elaine, Thorpe, Justine, Somerville, Anne, Williams, Donna, Cummings, Helen, Derrick, Sarah, Brumwell, Claire, Randell, Nicola, Mccann, Emma, Aves, Gillian, Berry, Tamas, Szakmany, Una, Gunter, Paul, Pulak, Nikki, Sarkar, Kerry, Wright, Vitor, Gomes, Jones, Jo, Ruth, Palfrey, Julie, Camsooksai, Abby, Lewis, Antony, Eneas, Ascanio, Tridente, Louise, Barr, Beverley, Thomas, Emma, Parkin, Daniel, Horner, Christian, Frey, Suzanne, Bench, Rachel, Baumber, Phil, Broadhurst, Matthew, Jackson, Lynne, Williams, Michele, Clark, Jonathan, Paddle, Sarah, Bean, Sarah, Buckley, Christopher, Palfreeman, Sophie, Liu, Nicola, Allison, Ben, Attwood, Penny, Parsons, Victoria, Houghton, Sarah Jane Turner, David, Higgins, Egidija, Bielskute, Nicola, Horrigan, Reni, Jacob, Karen, Habgood, Ahmed, Zaki, Amy, Collins, Jenny, Lord, Charalice, Ramiro, Agnieszka, 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European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) Trials Group Collaborators, Muzha, D., Ribas, A.M., Lipovesty, F., Loudet, C., Coyer, F., Eller, P., Mostafa, N., Honoré, P.M., Telleria, V.M., Smajic, J., Nogueira, P.C., Nafees, KMK, Hentchoya, R., Rose, L., Soledad, J., Lin, F., Cardenas, Y., Reyes, A.G., Sustic, A., Mpouzika, M., Vymazal, T., Jensen, H.I., Aguirre-Bermeo, H., Maddison, L., Valta, M., Calvino-Gunther, S., Bloos, F., Adipa, F.E., Koulouras, V., Enamorado, J., Ágoston, Z., Birgisdóttir, H., Gupta, A., Gurjar, M., Kilapong, B., Hashemian, S.M., Martin-Loeches, I., Benbenishty, J., Cortegiani, A., Fletcher, K., Hayashi, Y., Waweru-Siika, W., Abidi, K., Lee, S.M., Hadri, B., Dolgusevs, M., Abillama, F.F., Jovaisa, T., Thix, C., Elhadi, M., Nor, B.M., Ratnam, S., Mazlan, M.Z., Maiyalagan, S., Sánchez-Hurtado, L., Belii, A., Naranpurev, M., Gautam, P., De Lange, D., Parke, R., Ilesanmi, R.E., Shosholcheva, M., Petosic, A., Lind, R., Ffarcsi, M.H., Bogarin, J., Hernandez, A.M., Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M., Sousa, B., Tomescu, D., Sandesc, D., Twagirumugabe, T., Gusarov, V., Ebaid, M., Jankovic, R., Slobodianiuk, G., Martonova, A., Knafelj, R., Mer, M., Maseda, E., Panka, B., Schefold, J.C., Joelsson-Alm, E., Trongtrakul, K., Merritt-Charles, L., Besbes, L.O., Dikmen, Y., Zgrzheblovska, L., Fielding, M., Rubulotta, F., Khanna, A.K., Saager, L., von der Osten, I., Greca, A., Cani, A., Xhindi, N., Hyska, G., Pinto, S., Alves, P., Esposito, R., Valgolio, E., Minope, JTS, Abdala, A., Ayala, M., Bravo, S., Bantar, A., Delgado, P., Badariotti, G., Lipovestky, F., Diaz, A., Saul, P., Setten, M., Aucapina, A., Acosta, Y., Gonzalez, V., Camputaro, L., Baccaro, F., Villa, R., Mastantuono, M., Dean, E., Rostello, O.F., Brizuela, P., Bartoli, J.R., Guereschi, M., Quiroga, C., Putruele, S., Villegas, P., Curilen, V., Fernandez, R., Nocheretti, M.G., Escalante, R.G., Loudet, C.I., Fernandez, S., Gonzalez, A.L., Alvarez, G.A., Iglesias, F., Chaparro, S., Zakalik, G., Pagella, G., Baini, M., Campos, P.A., Sabbag, I., Schmukler, A., Fonseca, I.P., Alvarez, G.M., Ramirez, M., Tapia, F., Bascary, C.A., Del Valle Gimenez, G., Bertoletti, F.P., Milioto, E., Bonsignore, PJM, Fernandez, M.A., Smith, J., Chimunda, T., Thompson, L., Maguire, T., Chaboyer, W., Watts, S., Mitchell, M., Powell, M., Lye, I., Parsons, L., Baker, N., Reynolds, C., Thompson, A., Masters, K., Sosnowski, K., Morrison, L., Leslie, G.D., Lakshmanan, R., Tabah, A., Brown, W., McDowell-Skaines, S., McLucas, A., Smith, C., Tallot, M., Jones, S., Barakat-Johnson, M., Leong, T., Butcher, R., Martin, K., Douschan, P., von Lewinski, D., Schmutz, R., Kolussi, U., Salman, F., Ateya, Z., De Decker, K., Van Regenmortel, N., Jans, A., Wijnands, P., Coremans, S., Honore, P.M., De Bels, D., Depuydt, T., Paillet, C., Jacquet, L.M., Swinnen, W., Hannes, F., Mergeay, M., Van de Velde, S., Allaert, S., Hoste, P., Borin, C., Balon, S., Fraipont, V., Biston, P., De Schryver, N., Dugernier, T., Van 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Yuan, C., Tan, L., Lin, Q., Guo, H., Yan, H., Xu, X., Zhang, W., Liang, J., Zhang, L., Tian, E., Zhao, Q., InSu, L., Dong, J., Gu, Y., Zhao, L., Qiao, H., Tuo, L., Lv, M., Zhu, J.Y., Zhu, J., Wei, Y., Liu, M., He, Y., Cheng, J., Liu, J., Jia, N., Wei, D., Wu, X., Duan, H., Lin, D., Liang, Q., Luo, X., Xiong, Y., Huang, R.F., Fu, J., Zan, T., Shi, Z., Long, Y., Lei, Y., Liu, X., Yumei, C., Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Xu, Y., Cheng, X., Zhijuan, W., Sun, C., Song, J., Wang, Y., Yuan, Y., Huang, Q., Yang, F., Wu, Y., Bai, X., Zheng, H., Song, M., Sun, Y., Li, Z., Luo, F., Li, L.C., Zhang, G., Xiao, L., Yu, T., Gao, G., Wei, W., Wang, F., Han, T., Li, T., Zeng, Q., Zeng, J.M., Pan, F., Wang, J., He, G., Chen, H., Zhang, F., Chao, Y., Chunhua, G., Yao, X., Bai, D., Liu, L., Liang, X., Zhang, N., Zhang, A., Hu, X., Zhang, H., Wang, R., Tak, P.S., Ho, S.W., Jiang, Q.X., Ding, X., Hong, L., Miao, L., Feng, Z., Huang, L., Wu, J., Guo, J., Zhang, B., Ma, C., Han, Y., Liu, C., Ding, M., Luan, L., Zheng, J., Lv, S., Jiang, S., Cao, W., Xue, X., Liu, G., Wei, X., Jiang, Y., Yao, Z., Gao, L., Zhao, W., Jiang, M., Hao, J., Zhang, J., Song, C., Chen, F., Wang, S., Hu, L., Cao, D., Wan, J., Wang, X., Shao, H., Zhang, Z., Cui, X., Fan, L., Yu, M., Li, B., Li, C., Chen, W., Li, Y., Zhigang, Z., Yuchen, W., Mu, C., Zhu, G., Bo, Q., Li, L., Chen, M., Jiang, J.H., Yin, H., Pang, X., Gong, Y.Y., Yang, S., Yan, X., Zheng, X., Lei, D., Lei, L., Guo, Y., Yu, J., Sun, W., Bi, A., Li, W., Ni, D., Wu, Z., Song, B., Fei, Q., Xiaoyan, Y., Ran, Q., Xixi, L., Jiao, X., Ji, H., Zhiping, S., Hong, M., Jianhong, M., Hao, Y., Yin, L., Hui, C., Ju, W., Huo, Y., Chen, L., Yan, Y., Bao, G., Cao, Y., Xu, L., Guixiang, J., Zhao, H.M., Huang, X., Dai, Z., Jian, Y., Tian, Z., Cao, Z.Q., Li, M., Ouyang, F., Ma, F., Jin, W., Ge, L., Wu, S., Yuan, W., Chen, T., Shi, G., Chen, Z., Liu, K., Lin, X., Yuemen, L., Lijuan, S., Tian, X.F., Dong, Y., Bocui, N., Wang, G., Zhao, Y., Yang, Q., Hu, R.L., Li, X.Q., Yu, Z.J., Yao, 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D'Ambrosio, F., Quagliotto, C., Roman-Pognuz, E., Peratoner, A., De Rosa, S., Martin, M.A., De Sanctis, F., Ciorba, P., Toppin, P., Harding-Goldson, H., Taito, S., Shime, N., Yamamoto, R., Kanda, F., Hirao, A., Egi, M., Noguchi, A., Hashimoto, S., Aya, U., Sakuramoto, H., Ohuchi, A., Kataoka, J., Maruyama, K., Nakayama, I., Nishime, Y., Fujimoto, K., Takahashi, K., Tsujimoto, M., Shimizu, M., Tole, E., Correia, M.C., Kim, J.H., Park, S., Kim, K.C., Baek, J., Bae, J.M., Park, S.Y., Park, T.S., Lee, H.B., Park, J., Yeon-Joo, L., Young-Jae, C., Jeon, K., Kim, S.C., Lee, J., Chee, H.K., Huh, J.W., Sim, Y.S., Kim, J., Chang, Y., Ahn, J.J., Kang, B.J., Lee, W.Y., Lee, S.J., Baftiu, N., Krastins, I., Stiban, S., Feghaly, M.E., Gharios, E., Merheb, M., Benlamin, M., Khaled, A., Belkhair, W.A., Tabib, M., Ashour, F., Elhadi, A., Tababa, OWE, Khaled, T., Alkhumsi, SIR, Alshrif, A.I., Aboufray, A.A., Alabuzidi, A., Triki, A.R., Elgammudi, M., Zahra, H.B., Soula, E., Al-Alawi, MMS, Ahmed, H., Ghula, MAA, Vosylius, S., Mouton, L., Rastegar, T., Sertznig, C., Martin, G., Theisen, C., Ferretti, C., Gils, F., Gallion, M., Zainudin, A., Bahrin, LKK, Deva, S.R., Rahim, AHA, Wahab, S., Hassan, WNW, Ismail, WNW, Ali, M.N., Khoo, T.M., Samat, N.M., Tong, JMG, Adib, NAN, Nor, MBM, Ismail, N., Sulaiman, S.R., Foong, K.W., Alias, A., Hua, N.P., Zermeno, J.M., Blanco, D., Duran, K., Nava, CLL, Nandyelly, SJR, Sanchez-Hurtado, L.A., Tejeda-Huezo, B., Del Moral Armengol, M., Nava, LPA, Herrera, J.G., de Anda, GFV, Gallegos-Perez, H., Hernandez-Sanchez, N., Hernandez-Ponce, L., Gorordo-Delsol, L., Hernandez-Romero, M., Gomez, S., Molinar, F., Ñamendys-Silva, S.A., Romero-Gonzalez, J.P., Gonzalez, D., Landaverde, A., Sosa, M.Á., Navarro, B., de Molina Serrano, JIR, Iburrigarro, S.R., Ibarra, A., Aguirre, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, M., Padilla, NRC, Pineda, AAV, Villafuerte, MVE, Herrera, MOG, Baasanjav, B., Hachimi, A., Elkhayari, M., Dendane, T., Subedi, N.B., Pathak, S.D., Manandhar, M., Van 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A.S., Goller, S., Afonso, E., Larina, E., Labeau, Sonia O. 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Lee S.J., Baftiu N., Krastins I., Stiban S., Feghaly M.E., Gharios E., Merheb M., Benlamin M., Khaled A., Belkhair W.A., Tabib M., Ashour F., Elhadi A., Tababa O.W.E., Khaled T., Alkhumsi S.I.R., Alshrif A.I., Aboufray A.A., Alabuzidi A., Triki A.R., Elgammudi M., Zahra H.B., Soula E., Al-Alawi M.M.S., Ahmed H., Ghula M.A.A., Vosylius S., Mouton L., Rastegar T., Sertznig C., Martin G., Theisen C., Ferretti C., Gils F., Gallion M., Zainudin A., Bahrin L.K.K., Deva S.R., Rahim A.H.A., Wahab S., Hassan W.N.W., Ismail W.N.W., Ali M.N., Khoo T.M., Samat N.M., Tong J.M.G., Adib N.A.N., Nor M.B.M., Ismail N., Sulaiman S.R., Foong K.W., Alias A., Hua N.P., Zermeno J.M., Blanco D., Duran K., Nava C.L.L., Nandyelly S.J.R., Sanchez-Hurtado L.A., Tejeda-Huezo B., Del Moral Armengol M., Nava L.P.A., Herrera J.G., de Anda G.F.V., Gallegos-Perez H., Hernandez-Sanchez N., Hernandez-Ponce L., Gorordo-Delsol L., Hernandez-Romero M., Gomez S., Molinar F., Namendys-Silva S.A., Romero-Gonzalez J.P., Gonzalez D., Landaverde A., Sosa M.A., Navarro B., de Molina Serrano J.I.R., Iburrigarro S.R., Ibarra A., Aguirre J., Martinez-Gonzalez M., Padilla N.R.C., Pineda A.A.V., Villafuerte M.V.E., Herrera M.O.G., Baasanjav B., Hachimi A., Elkhayari M., Dendane T., Subedi N.B., Pathak S.D., Manandhar M., Van Gulik L., Van Den Brink M., Van Vliet P., Gerretsen B., Van Den Berg L., De Haan M., Tuinstra B., Kuijpers P., Reijntjens J., Vermeijden J.W., Rinket M., Vanroest M., Reidinga A., Loef B., Dieperink W., Onrust M., Dormans T., Bormans L., Koopmans M., Gerritsen R.T., Van Den Elst A., Evers M., Oiting O., Wilting R., Ramaker B., van der Kuil M., Fijen J.-W., Haas L., De Lange D., Haringman J., Newby L., Gilder E., Hacking D., Dagooc R., Song R., Waibel H., Dawn F., Rapley J., Chadwick L., Chapman C., Crone P., Albrett J., Marko P., Goodson J., Browne T., Whitticase R., Davidson C., Judd H., Owens D., Onyeka T., Ugwu I., Ilesanmi R., Adejumo P.O., Owojuyigbe A., Adenekan A., Uba S., Chime C., Jibrin D., Sankey B.J., Adekola O., Olanipekun S., Shosolcheva M., Gievski V., Kartalov A., Naumovski F., Kuzmanovska B., Trposak A., Bogoevska-Miteva Z., Rosalia R., Olsen B.F., Sjobo B., Jensen K.D., Sykehus D., Johansen B.F., Straede E., Johansen E., Finnstrom I.J., Toellefsen A., Ostenjo H., Bjorgen H., Bratsberg B., Kristoffersen E., Skorstad E.M., Hansen S., Vullum S., Lunde G.A., Arntsen W., Lund M., Akselsen G.R., Monstad K.R., Stenset A., Haugom H., Monsen B., Hogvall L., Trudvang S., Galaaen B., Malmin S.K., Andersen M.H., Hargott R.F., Andersen Y., Steffenak E., Nyhus M., Meland B., Hashmi M., Rivas N., Maidana E., de Jesus Ortiz A., Cabral D.M.B., Simi M., Aponte C., Rivas J.C., Gill S., Garcia A., Alvarenga G., Cespedes L., Perez H., Moreira M.L., Canete F., Gonzalez R., Monges N., Coman M., Pederzani M., Franco N., Aganon F., Martinez R., Noblezada-Uy D., Ellazar C.G., Cerezo F.D., Palo J.E., Aperocho C.A.J., Isanan M., Tubacka M., Jasiewicz P., Czuczwar M., Borys M., Gutysz-Wojnicka A., Glinka L., Gawda R., Bilawicz J., Cabrita P., Vieira J., Figueiredo M.F., Pinheiro C.M., Antunes N., Pedro L., Ferreira F., Parente I., Varela M., Fernandes F., Martins C., Viveiros A., Cavaco R., Rita C.S., Dias S., Feranandes A.M., Silva P., Nunes C., Cabral J., Pires F., Ferreira H., Santos J., Pinto V.M.V., Bispo B.M., Ferreira A., Molinos E., Lafuente E., Gregorio R., Costa H., Lima A., Ferreira S., Seromenho V., Luis E., Valerio I., Cesar H., Tavares A., Alsheikhly A.S., Mahmood S., Guran C.T., Moise A., Filipescu D.C., Luchian M., Popescu M., Scutariu M.A., Petrisor C., Hagau N., Grigoras I., Patrichi T., Gusarev V., Pivkina A., Kulakov V., Ignatenko O., Kovaleva J., Zhivotneva T., Zhedaeva M., Matiushkov N., Ershova O., Egorova N., Khoronenko V., Baskakov D., Sergeev D., Piradov M., Grishina L., Magomedov M., Zuev E., Gorokhovatsky U., Leonova A., Fadeeva L., Belskiy V., Galishevskiy D., Zubareva N., Tribulev M., Zueva O., Kiselev A., Kamenshchikov N., Tokareva E., Petrushin M., Starchenko I., Nshimyumuremyi I., Muhizi J., Buregeya E., Nzarora J., Assiri A., Ebaid M.S., Almekhlafi G., Mandourah Y., Velickovic J., Velickovic D., Jovanovic B., Hadzibegovic A., Stefanovic B., Misic V., Bumbasirevic V., Rajkovic M., Stojanovic M., Gavrilovic S., Stanojevic M., Yaghi A., Turcan A., Firment P., Rabarova D., Lancaricova D., Vlaovic J., Groznik M., Lukic M., Perme J., Sostaric M., Umek N., Mirkovic T., Dolenc S., Fister M., Zorko N., Markota A., Yeni N.P., Jali P., Schmollgruber S., Syed M.R., Parag N., Wise R., Galiana M., Navarro J.A., De Pablo A.M., Albert P., Martinez P., Mendiara Y., Garcia B., Llinas A.A., Riveiro M., Gallart E., Riera A., Sanz M., Salo S., Lajara M.A.G., Nieto M.V., Garcia R., Pena J.M.G., Gorgolas M.C., Isasi M.A., Sierra R., Gordo F., Conejo I., Salva-Costa V., Garzon-Tovar C., Lospitao S., Gutierrez P., Girona M., Adamuz J., Olivares P.G., de Ceballos J.P.G., Tirado C., De Wit I., Polo A.B.C., del Mar Diaz Salcedo M., Ripolles-Melchor J., Martinez-Hurtado E., Alvarez J.D., Arcas M.L.B., Gonzalez J.I.T., de la Ventana A.B.S., Calleja P.L.-A., Alvarez R.G., Zamora P.S., Guerrero A.O., Cosano R., Perez-Vacas J., Campos-Perez M., Barreiro E.M., Sanchez L.C., Diaz M.G., Jimenez R., Del Rio Cabajo L., Muriel D.S., Alonso H.F., Fernandez A.W., Pinan I.S., Albaiceta G.M., Fernandez M.C.I., Abos F.J.S., Monedero P., Chueca R.M., Aguirre L.G., Manosa S.C., Luque C.P., Calpe N., Losilla M.R., Fores M.T., Farre O., Fernandez O., del Rosario Villar Redondo M., Arteta Arteta D.S., Sanchez M.A.H., Espinosa C.P., Reyes L.M., Domenech L.C., Guillen C.V., Alvarez J.T., del Cotillo M., Barrueco-Francioni J.E., Conde B.B., Blanco M.P.S., Blasco M.L., Clement A.I., Hurtado C., Sanz L.C., Perez-Torres D., Prol-Silva E., Pereira J., Gonzalez I.A., Cano A.E., Nunez C.R., Fernadez I.L., Fernandez A.A.M., Del Bosque Diez R., Hilario B., Zalba-Etayo B., Pascual-Bielsa A., Banwarie P., Nahar D., van Axel A., Boedjawan N.N., Jansson E.B., Malvemyr A.-S., Johansson L., Sandberg U., Tingsvik C., Mattsson G., Lof G., Spangfors M., Ringdal M., Geijer S., Orvelius L., Hylen M., Lagerhall C., Akerman E., Hellkvist V.H., Mickelsson U., Wahlbom E., Larsson I.-M., Wallin E., Boroli F., Ory S., Jong M.L., Dullenkopf A., Lang M., Fleury Y., Maus M., Ben-Hamouda N., Fishman A., Hsu M.Y., Chang S.C., Trongtratul K., Sawawiboon C., Morakul S., Khwannimit B., Singh K., Ventour D., Figaro-Barclay D., Sankar-Maharaj S., Mebazaa M.S., Kamoun S., Elatrous S., Besbes L., Abroug F., Naija W., Elhechmi Y.Z., Sellami W., Hajjej Z., Merhabene T., Talik I., Kuscu O.O., Dilek O., Zerman A., Dal H.C., Turan S., Aydemir S., Yilmaz H., Calili D.K., Izdes S., Cengiz M., Gumus A., Tasdemir B., Kagnici A., Ay M., Ay S.A., Caliskan G., Akbas T., Balbay A.O., Efe S., Inal V., Elay G., Karabacak P., Ozserezli B., Senturk E., Demirkiran O., Bozbay S., Erdogan E., Akker M., Peker N., Ozgultekin A., Serin S.O., Turan C., Karaoren G., Goksu S., Karakurt S., Arikan H., Gul F., Cinel I., Kara I., Undar H.N., Bayraktar Y.S., Celik J.B., Tokur M.E., Aydin D.T., Yildiz I., Ozcan B., Erdivanli B., Eroglu A., Akdag D., Unlu N., Dungca A., Ali A., Thankamma B., Reyes P.E., John S., Rajendran A., Ahmad F.K.E., Smiley K.A., Hojden S., Miller M.T., Das Sasidharan Nair V., Antonio M.G.S., Qawasmeh K.A., Shawish S.A., Twiggs H., Rosado I., Babych V., Morren F., Young C., Vaughan-Jones N., Harris S., Burns K., Georgiev C., Shayamano R., Kerslake I., Creber P., Vochin A., O'Brien C., Caddell P., Hagan S., Hughes M., Torlinski T., Sherwin J., Kannan S., Markham A., Lebon R., Cupitt J., Cranshaw J., White N., Marriott V., Milner W., Groba C.B., Azoia J., Polgarova P., George S., Kapoor R., Lynch C., Fox N., Cranmer K., Llewellym T., Matthews K., Maltby L., Ibao J., Boulton K., Jarman R., Baxter K., Raj A.S., Moghal A., White J., Barrowcliffe S., Pulletz M., Ganeshalingam V., Baruah R., Baker H., Woods J., Ei P.P., Ogbeide V., Hayden P., Hughes J., Balasubramanian M., Salberg A., Saha R., Holmquist D., Derbyshire C., Smith N., Stones E., Ademokun J., Legorburo M.S., North S., Brett C., Jaundoo H., Craig J., Whiteley S., Howcroft C., Wilby L., Delve P., Shaw D., Williams K., Welters I.D., McMullen J., Brett S., Flores L., Trueman-Dawkins T., Templeton M., Adams J., Prowle J., Byers H., McDonnell A., Rose B.O., Reece-Anthony R., Mendes L., Vizcaychipi M., Bull R., Lacaden G., Santiago E., Delgado C.C., Farnell-Ward S., Thorpe E., Somerville J., Williams A., Cummings D., Derrick H., Brumwell S., Randell C., McCann N., Aves E., Berry G., Szakmany T., Gunter U., Pulak P., Sarkar N., Wright K., Gomes V., Jones J., Palfrey R., Camsooksai J., Lewis A., Eneas A., Tridente A., Barr L., Thomas B., Parkin E., Horner D., Frey C., Bench S., Baumber R., Broadhurst P., Jackson M., Williams L., Clark M., Paddle J., Bean S., Buckley S., Palfreeman C., Liu S., Allison N., Attwood B., Parsons P., Houghton V., Turner S.J., Higgins D., Bielskute E., Horrigan N., Jacob R., Habgood K., Zaki A., Collins A., Lord J., Ramiro C., Kubisz-Pudelko A., Kotze M., Williams H., Iovenko I., Tsarev A., Briva A., Mendez G., Napolitano L., Teig M., Rodriguez G.E., Ben-Jacob T., Potestio C., Eng T., Mahanes D., Khanna A., Duggal A., Nananmori M., Lois M., Karamchandani K., Bealer C., Barefield C., Terry D., Fivecoat P., Idowu O., Cata J., Clesi T., Peterson J., Hatton K., Dhaliwal J., Mueller D., Tao J., Eltorai A.S., Pastores S.M., Remor N., Salazar J., Barkas D., Joffe A., Barnes C., Sona C., Schallom M., Short J., Lorenzo J., Von Der Osten I., Borkowska M., Demarre L., Pleitinckx V., Xing C., Debue A.-S., Goller S., Larina E., Labeau, S. O., Blackwood, B., Brett, S. J., Deschepper, M., Francois, G., Honore, P. M., Khanna, A. K., Williams, G., Blot, S. I., Ribas, A. M., Telleria, V. M., Nogueira, P. C., Nafees, K. M. K., Reyes, A. G., Jensen, H. I., Adipa, F. E., Agoston, Z., Hashemian, S. M., Lee, S. -M., Abillama, F. F., Nor, B. M., Mazlan, M. Z., Sanchez-Hurtado, L., De lange, D., Ilesanmi, R. E., Ffarcsi, M. H., Hernandez, A. M., Schefold, J. C., Besbes, L. O., Minope, J. T. S., Rostello, O. F., Bartoli, J. R., Nocheretti, M. G., Escalante, R. G., Loudet, C. I., Gonzalez, A. L., Alvarez, G. A., Campos, P. A., Fonseca, I. P., Alvarez, G. M., Bascary, C. A., del Valle Gimenez, G., Bertoletti, F. P., Bonsignore, P. J. M., Fernandez, M. A., Leslie, G. D., Mclucas, A., Jacquet, L. -M., de Almeida, A. O., Jorge, S. A., Schmidt, R. C., Garcia, P. C., Ronchini, A. L. V., Manap, N. B. A., Laizner, A. M., Mcquirter, M., Kampayana, B. S., Sepulveda, M. I., Zamorano, M. J. F., Zhao, R. H., Hu, L. P., Jiao, Q. F., Wang, H. 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V., Namendys-Silva, S. A., Romero-Gonzalez, J. P., Sosa, M. A., de Molina Serrano, J. I. R., Iburrigarro, S. R., Padilla, N. R. C., Pineda, A. A. V., Villafuerte, M. V. E., Herrera, M. O. G., Subedi, N. B., Pathak, S. D., Vermeijden, J. W., Gerritsen, R. T., Fijen, J. -W., Adejumo, P. O., Sankey, B. J., Olsen, B. F., Jensen, K. D., Johansen, B. F., Finnstrom, I. J., Skorstad, E. M., Lunde, G. A., Akselsen, G. R., Monstad, K. R., Hogvall, L., Malmin, S. K., Andersen, M. H., Hargott, R. F., de Jesus Ortiz, A., Cabral, D. M. B., Rivas, J. C., Moreira, M. L., Ellazar, C. G., Cerezo, F. D., Palo, J. E., Aperocho, C. A. J., Figueiredo, M. F., Pinheiro, C. M., Rita, C. S., Feranandes, A. M., Pinto, V. M. V., Bispo, B. M., Lima, A., Alsheikhly, A. S., Guran, C. T., Filipescu, D. C., Scutariu, M. A., Ebaid, M. S., Velickovic, D., Rajkovic, M., Stanojevic, M., Turcan, A., Lancaricova, D., Yeni, N. P., Syed, M. R., Navarro, J. A., De Pablo, A. M., Llinas, A. A., Lajara, M. A. G., Nieto, M. V., Pena, J. M. G., Gorgolas, M. C., Isasi, M. A., Salva-Costa, V., Garzon-Tovar, C., Olivares, P. G., de Ceballos, J. P. G., Polo, A. B. C., del Mar Diaz Salcedo, M., Alvarez, J. D., Arcas, M. L. B., Gonzalez, J. I. T., de la Ventana, A. B. S., Calleja, P. L. -A., Alvarez, R. G., Zamora, P. S., Guerrero, A. O., Barreiro, E. M., Sanchez, L. C., Diaz, M. G., Muriel, D. S., Alonso, H. F., Fernandez, A. W., Pinan, I. S., Albaiceta, G. M., Fernandez, M. C. I., Abos, F. J. S., Chueca, R. M., Aguirre, L. G., Manosa, S. C., Luque, C. P., Losilla, M. R., Fores, M. T., del Rosario Villar Redondo, M., Arteta Arteta, D. S., Sanchez, M. A. H., Espinosa, C. P., Reyes, L. M., Domenech, L. C., Guillen, C. V., Alvarez, J. T., del Cotillo, M., Barrueco-Francioni, J. E., Conde, B. B., Blanco, M. P. S., Blasco, M. L., Clement, A. I., Sanz, L. C., Gonzalez, I. A., Cano, A. E., Nunez, C. R., Fernadez, I. L., Fernandez, A. A. M., Boedjawan, N. N., Jansson, E. B., Malvemyr, A. -S., Lof, G., Spangfors, M., Lagerhall, C., Akerman, E., Hellkvist, V. H., Larsson, I. -M., Jong, M. L., Hsu, M. Y., Chang, S. C., Mebazaa, M. S., Elhechmi, Y. Z., Kuscu, O. O., Dal, H. C., Calili, D. K., Izdes, S., Gumus, A., Tasdemir, B., Kagnici, A., Ay, S. A., Balbay, A. O., Ozserezli, B., Senturk, E., Serin, S. O., Gul, F., Cinel, I., Undar, H. N., Bayraktar, Y. S., Celik, J. B., Tokur, M. E., Aydin, D. T., Yildiz, I., Ozcan, B., Akdag, D., Unlu, N., Reyes, P. E., Ahmad, F. K. E., Smiley, K. A., Miller, M. T., Antonio, M. G. S., Qawasmeh, K. A., Shawish, S. A., Groba, C. B., Raj, A. S., Ei, P. P., Legorburo, M. S., Welters, I. D., Mcmullen, J., Mcdonnell, A., Rose, B. O., Delgado, C. C., Mccann, N., Turner, S. J., Rodriguez, G. E., Eltorai, A. S., Pastores, S. M., Demarre, L., and Debue, A. -S.
Subjects: Male, Original, medicine.medical_treatment, artificial, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences, Pressure ulcer, law.invention, Decubitus epidemiology, ICU, Morbidity, Mortality, Outcome, Pressure injury, Risk factors, Adult, Aged, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Patient Discharge, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Intensive Care Units, Respiration, Artificial, 0302 clinical medicine, decubitus epidemiology, pressure injury, pressure ulcer, outcome, risk factors, morbidity, mortality, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, adults, Medicine, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, icu, ziekenhuissterfte, Immunodeficiency, intensive care, European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) Trials Group Collaborators, mannen, volwassenen, COST, Intensive care unit, STATE, ULCERS, Underweight, medicine.symptom, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, risicofactoren, Decubitus epidemiology, ICU, Pressure injury, Pressure ulcer, Outcome, Risk factors, Morbidity, Mortality, pressure injuries, Intensive Care Unit, prevalentie, NO, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, DecubICUs Study Team, 03 medical and health sciences, Critical Care Medicine, Anesthesiology, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, ouderen, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, business.industry, decubitus, Risk Factor, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Confidence interval, 030228 respiratory system, Emergency medicine, kunstmatige ademhaling, RISK-FACTORS, business, respiration
Abstract: Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347, Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care Nurses, Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score < 19, ICU stay > 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat.
Published: 2021
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42. Improving Quality of Smart Grid Data by Functional Data Analysis

Author: Zenghui Yang, Yun Su, Hongshan Yang, and Naiwang Guo
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Functional data analysis, Missing data, Maintenance engineering, Data modeling, Smart grid, Risk analysis (engineering), Quality (business), Electricity, Electric power industry, business, media_common
Abstract: As an important industry to the national economy and people’s livelihood, the power industry has become a dataintensive industry after years of information construction. Among them, electricity data covers the whole industry and tens of thousands of households, so it is of great significance and value to conduct in-depth analysis and research on large power data. The existing power consumption data has the problem of low quality, which is mainly manifested in data missing and anomaly, which has a great impact on the accuracy of data analysis. Therefore, the cleaning of power consumption data is the first problem that industry personnel will face. However, there are many problems in the existing data cleaning methods, which have failed to achieve good results in the business scenario of power consumption data. Therefore, this paper presents a daily power data cleaning model based on FDA, which successfully finds and eliminates abnormal values of power data, and can repair the missing values. The experimental results show that the data cleaning method proposed in this paper has a good effect on the real electricity data scenario.
Published: 2021
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43. A modified method for suprachoroidal fluid drainage in kissing choroidal detachment

Author: Yun Su, Yu-Zhi Ding, Qinghuai Liu, Zizhong Hu, and Jiangdong Ji
Subjects: Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, Silicon oil, choroidal detachment, business.industry, Brief Report, medicine.medical_treatment, vitrectomy, Retinal detachment, Vitrectomy, Modified method, medicine.disease, suprachoroidal fluid, Ophthalmology, retinal detachment, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endophthalmitis, lcsh:Ophthalmology, Choroidal detachment, lcsh:RE1-994, Medicine, Drainage, business
Abstract: Aim To introduce a new method for suprachoroidal fluid drainage before 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Methods A 15° side-port blade was firstly used to create a sclerotomy into the suprachoroidal space for initial drainage. A 30-guage needle was then applied to inject balanced saline solution through the existing sclerotomy for further drainage. After most of the suprachoroidal fluid was drained, standard 3-port 23-guage pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Results We have succeeded in using this technique to treat five patients with retinal detachment and kissing choroidal detachment (KCD). The choroidal detachment was visibly recessed in all cases after drainage with no intraoperative complications. After removal of silicon oil at 3mo follow-up, all patients obtained a reattached retina. No postoperative complications such as hypotony and endophthalmitis occurred. Conclusion The new technique is efficient and safe for suprachoroidal fluid drainage for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. In future, further larger series are needed to attest to its safety and efﬁcacy.
Published: 2020

44. Ubiquitous Depression Detection of Sleep Physiological Data by Using Combination Learning and Functional Networks

Author: Zhonglin Zhang, Hanshu Cai, Yun Su, Tao Lei, Jinfeng Wang, Wenying Zhou, and Bingtao Zhang
Subjects: Ubiquitous depression detection, functional networks, General Computer Science, business.industry, Computer science, General Engineering, Eye movement, combination learning, sleep physiological data, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Sleep in non-human animals, Functional networks, Euclidean distance, Feature (computer vision), General Materials Science, Artificial intelligence, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, Classifier (UML), computer, lcsh:TK1-9971, Depression (differential diagnoses), Slow-wave sleep
Abstract: Nowadays, depression has become a common mental disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Due to the limitations of traditional interview-based depression detection, it has become an urgent problem to realize objective, convenient and fast detection. This study is to explore ubiquitous methods of depression detection based on combination learning and functional networks, using sleep physiological data. Sleep physiological data were collected using a portable physiological data instrument, and then preprocess and extract several related features. We applied combination learning to discover the best sleep stage, the optimal features subset, and the most effective classifier, which are hidden behind physiological features, to detect depression. Physiological features in the optimal feature subset based on Euclidean distance are mapped to nodes to construct the functional network. The optimal feature subset was combined with the functional network attributes as the input of the most effective classifier to get the ultimate performance of depression detection. Controlled trials based on ubiquitous sleep physiological data were conducted on different genders. Experiments show that the best results for male and female were derived from slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM), with performances of 92.21% and 94.56%, AUC of 0.944 and 0.971, respectively. Thus, our study may provide an effective and ubiquitous method for detect depression.
Published: 2020

45. Combined Heat and Power Units Sizing and Energy Cost Optimization of a Residential Building by Using an Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Author: Asad Waqar, Kotb M. Kotb, Bashar Sakeen Farhan, Shaorong Wang, Habib Ur Rahman Habib, and Yun-Su Kim
Subjects: Battery (electricity), Mathematical optimization, energy conversion, General Computer Science, Linear programming, Computer science, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Cogeneration, CHP unit size optimization, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, genetic algorithm, General Materials Science, residential building automation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, cost-benefit analysis, Artificial bee colony, General Engineering, Sizing, Artificial bee colony algorithm, Electricity, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Efficient energy use
Abstract: Battery manufacturing and recycling are expensive; combined heat and power (CHP) units are optimal for residential premises. CHP units can enhance energy efficiency and reduce energy costs, but appropriately sized units must be chosen. Here, we optimize CHP unit sizing to minimize the energy costs of residential areas. Sizing is based on both the electricity and heat loads; it is possible to optimally rate the various types of CHP units. We compare an artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization method to a genetic algorithm (GA) when various strategies are adopted. Electricity and heat loads are considered together when sizing CHP units and optimizing costs using the ABC algorithm and the GA. The optimization outcomes are compared to a base case; the ABC method performs better than the GA. The average daily energy cost savings possible using the ABC method were higher for all three seasons (by 25.9, 4.4, and 10.8% respectively) compared to those possible when residential premises lacked CHP units.
Published: 2020

46. SIMSF: A Scale Insensitive Multi-Sensor Fusion Framework for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on Graph Optimization

Author: Liying Yang, Weiliang Xu, Yuqing He, Yun Su, Bo Dai, Yufeng Yue, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Subjects: graph optimization, 0209 industrial biotechnology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General Computer Science, Computer science, Real-time computing, scale insensitive, fusion framework, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Fault detection and isolation, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Odometry, Inertial measurement unit, Robustness (computer science), unmanned aerial vehicle, Redundancy (engineering), General Materials Science, state estimation, Visual odometry, Graph Optimization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multi-sensor fusion, business.industry, Frame (networking), General Engineering, Electrical and electronic engineering [Engineering], Global Positioning System, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Multi-sensor Fusion
Abstract: Given the payload limitation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), lightweight sensors such as camera, inertial measurement unit (IMU), and GPS, are ideal onboard measurement devices. By fusing multiple sensors, accurate state estimations can be achieved. Robustness against sensor faults is also possible because of redundancy. However, scale estimation of visual systems (visual odometry or visual inertial odometry, VO/VIO) suffers from sensor noise and special-case movements such as uniform linear motion. Thus, in this paper, a scale insensitive multi-sensor fusion (SIMSF) framework based on graph optimization is proposed. This framework combines the local estimation of the VO/VIO and global sensors to infer the accurate global state estimation of UAVs in real time. A similarity transformation between the local frame of the VO/VIO and the global frame is estimated by optimizing the poses of the most recent UAV states. In particular, for VO, an initial scale is estimated by aligning the VO with the IMU and GPS measurements. Moreover, a fault detection method for VO/VIO is also proposed to enhance the robustness of the fusion framework. The proposed methods are tested on a UAV platform and evaluated in several challenging environments. A comparison between our results and the results from other state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrate the superior accuracy, robustness, and real-time performance of our system. Our work is also a general fusion framework, which can be extended to other platforms as well. Published version
Published: 2020
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47. The synergetic effect of pelvic rotation and X-ray offset on radiographic angles of the acetabular cup

Author: Ruoxiu Xiao, Zhe Zhao, Xiu-Yun Su, Jing-Xin Zhao, Peifu Tang, Licheng Zhang, and Guofei Sun
Subjects: Offset (computer science), Radiography, 0206 medical engineering, Biomedical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Pelvic radiograph, Pelvis, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, 0302 clinical medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Mollweide projection, Mathematics, Orthodontics, Hip, business.industry, Acetabulum, Models, Theoretical, 020601 biomedical engineering, Computer Science Applications, 3d space, Spatial relationship, business, Algorithms, Pelvic rotation
Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate the synergetic effect of the pelvic rotation and X-ray offset on the radiographic anteversion/inclination (RA/RI) angles of the acetabular cup using a mathematical model. A cone model for establishing the spatial relationship between a three-dimensional (3D) circle and its two-dimensional (2D) elliptical projection is utilized to quantify the relationship between the 3D RA/RI angles of the cup and their 2D counterparts with different types of pelvic rotations in pelvic/hip anteroposterior radiographs. The results reveal that the effect of inlet/outlet views on the 2D RA angle is similar to that of iliac/obturator views. The permissible ranges of pelvic rotation for the 2D RA angle with an acceptable bias are the 3D space formed by the limits of triple axial rotations. For a specified acceptable bias of the 2D RA angle, these ranges are almost equal between pelvic and hip radiographs. The combined inlet/obturator or outlet/iliac views can maintain the 2D RA angle of a pelvic radiograph within the same range of acceptable bias as that of a hip radiograph. For a 2D RA angle with an acceptable bias, the permissible range of pelvic rotation needs to be evaluated with equal attention in both radiographs. Graphical abstract The traditional methods for calculating the radiographic angles of the acetabular cup are based on the ellipse projection of the opening circle of the cup on radiographs. However, with varying locations of the X-ray source and pelvis rotations about different axes, the outline of this ellipse projection will change, and accordingly, the traditional method and calculating results will be inaccurate. In this study, a cone model for three-dimensional circle-to-two-dimensional ellipse projection is utilized to incorporate the effect of X-ray offset and quantify the relationships of the radiographic angles of the cup with the true orientation of the cup and pelvic rotations in either pelvic or hip anteroposterior radiographic situation.
Published: 2019
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48. Burden of hospitalization in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with Inotuzumab Ozogamicin versus standard chemotherapy treatment

Author: Yun Su, Matthias Stelljes, Verna L Welch, David I. Marks, Fausto R. Loberiza, Ilse van Oostrum, Sabrina Mueller, Sarah Böhme, Erik Vandendries, and Hagop M. Kantarjian
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Lymphoblastic Leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chemotherapy, inotuzumab ozogamicin, Rate ratio, lcsh:RC254-282, 03 medical and health sciences, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, 0302 clinical medicine, Refractory, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Dosing, Original Research, Inotuzumab ozogamicin, High rate, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Clinical Cancer Research, Middle Aged, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Safety profile, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, business, hospitalization, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Inotuzumab Ozogamicin (INO), has demonstrated an improvement in overall survival, high rate of complete remission, favorable patient‐reported outcomes, and manageable safety profile vs standard of care (SoC; intensive chemotherapy) for relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the phase 3 INO‐VATE trial. With a one‐hour weekly dosing schedule, INO might be associated with lower healthcare system burden. This study analyses hospitalizations for INO vs SoC. Methods All patients receiving study treatment in the INO‐VATE trial were included. The days hospitalized during study treatment was calculated. Due to different treatment durations for INO and SoC (median of 3 vs 1 cycles), number of hospital days was mainly reported per observed patient month. Hospital days per patient month were analyzed for different treatment cycles, subgroups, and main reasons for hospitalization. Differences between treatments were analyzed by the incidence rate ratio (IRR). Results Overall, 82.9% and 94.4% INO and SoC patients experienced at least one hospitalization. The mean hospitalization days per patient month was 7.6 and 18.4 days for INO and SoC (IRR = 0.413, P, Compared to current standard of care (intensive chemotherapy), Inotuzumab Ozogamicin reduces the hospitalization burden in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. It is likely this lower burden has a favorable impact on the quality of life of patients, healthcare budgets, and cost‐effectiveness considerations.
Published: 2019
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49. Effect of compression on thermal protection of firefighting protective clothing under flame exposure

Author: Jun Li, Rui Li, Jie Yang, Yun Su, and Guowen Song
Subjects: Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, Environmental science, Firefighting, Thermal protection, General Chemistry, Composite material, Clothing, business, Compression (physics), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published: 2019
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50. Effect of Compression on Contact Heat Transfer in Thermal Protective Clothing Under Different Moisture Contents

Author: Guowen Song, Jun Li, Yun Su, Jie Yang, and Rui Li
Subjects: 010407 polymers, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Moisture, business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Compression (physics), Clothing, 01 natural sciences, General Business, Management and Accounting, 0104 chemical sciences, Thermal, Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous), Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, business, Contact heat, Water content, Heat transfer efficiency
Abstract: Contact burns pose a serious threat on firefighters’ health, safety, and job performance. The objective of the study was to analyze the effects of compression and moisture content on thermal protective performance of clothing. Skin-simulant sensor and Pennes bio-heat transfer model were used to predict time to cause skin contact burn. A new index (heat transfer efficiency) was proposed to examine the effects of applied pressure and moisture level on the contact heat transfer in the thermal protective clothing. It was demonstrated that the addition of moisture nonlinearly decreased the thermal protective level of clothing. The fabric thickness was greatly decreased by the compression, but the thermal protective level presented no significant difference between two kinds of pressures. The heat transfer efficiency was an effective index for evaluating the contact heat transfer, which was determined by the basic properties of fabric, the moisture content, and the pressure level. The conclusions from this study could contribute to understanding the effects of compression and moisture on the contact heat transfer, thus providing the principle of thermal protection against skin contact burns.
Published: 2019
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