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Aim Emperipolesis, the cell-in-cell structure, is one of the pathological diagnostic standard of AIH. We have already identified that CD8+ T cells participated in the emperipolesis process in liver tissue of AIH patients. In this study, we aimed to clarify the characteristics and molecular mechanisms of emperipolesis in the patients with AIH in vitro and in mice with α-GalCer-induced acute hepatitis. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of patients with variant chronic liver diseases and healthy controls were co-cultured with hepatic cell line to induce emperipolesis in vitro. Confocal staining was performed to illustrate the cellular types and potential mechanisms of emperipolesis in AIH. In addition, the mouse model of α-GalCer-induced acute hepatitis which mimics human AIH in several features, was used to confirm the role of CD44/p-ERM/F-actin in the emperipolesis process in vivo. Results In co-culture system with PBMC and hepatic cell line, emperipolesis was observed most common in the patients with AIH. CD8+ T cells were the major cells participated in the emperipolesis process, and penetrated into hepatocytes actively via CD44/p-ERM/F-actin pathway. As a result, most CD8+ T cells engulfed in hepatocytes undergo self-apoptosis. In α-GalCer-induced acute hepatitis model, emperipolesis was observed around the inflammatory foci, and was inhibited by Ezrin phosphorylation inhibitor NSC668394. Similarly, activated murine CD8+ T cells penetrated into primary hepatocytes via CD44/p-ERM/F-actin pathway in vitro. Conclusions CD8+ T cells penetrated into hepatocytes actively via CD44/p-ERM/F-actin signaling pathway and undergo apoptosis, may be a compensative mechanism to attenuate overwhelming immune attack in AIH. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tanezumab administered as a fixed dosing regimen in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis. Randomized controlled phase III trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety associated with tanezumab for knee or hip OA were systematically identified by searching electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase, for 30 years from December 1990 up to July 2020. Ten relevant studies were included in our meta-analysis. The research was reported based on the preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure the reliability and verity of results. Our study showed that the tanezumab groups were more effective than the placebo groups in terms of mean change from the baseline in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain (P < .00001), WOMAC physical functional (P < .00001), and patient's global assessment (PGA) (P < .00001). Discontinued due to adverse events (AEs) (P < .00001), serious AEs (P = .02), abnormal peripheral sensations (both P < .00001), and peripheral neuropathy (P < .002) in tanezumab groups were significantly higher than that in control groups. Compared with placebo, tanezumab can effectively relieve pain and improve WOMAC physical function and patient's global assessment (PGA) in knee and hip osteoarthritis. Meanwhile, adverse events are transient in nature and generally well-tolerated. However, we still need large-sample, high-quality studies to investigate the long-term safety of tanezumab to give the conclusion.

Objectives Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) is a highly conserved extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is overexpressed in two murine models of cholestatic liver fibrosis. Elevated CTHRC1 has been found to attenuate liver fibrosis in these murine models, thus we aimed to study the expression of CTHRC1 in patients with cholestatic liver diseases and its correlation with hepatic conditions. Methods Ninety patients with chronic liver disease, including 48 had primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), 18 had primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and 24 had chronic hepatitis B (CHB), together with five healthy controls (HC), were recruited to this study. Participants' liver sections were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Serum CTHRC1 levels in another cohort of 59 patients with PBC and 10 age-matched HC were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results CTHRC1 protein was primarily expressed in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC). CTHRC1 expression was significantly increased in the PBC and PSC groups, compared with the HC and CHB groups. Importantly, the hepatic fibrosis stage of the PBC group was positively correlated with hepatic CTHRC1 expression (r = 0.425, P = 0.003). Meanwhile, there were significant correlations between serum CTHRC1 levels and both the degrees of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis stage in the PBC group (r = 0.300, P = 0.022; r = 0.321, P = 0.012). Conclusion CTHRC1 may play a role in hepatic fibrogenesis in PBC and that serum CTHRC1 may be a potential novel noninvasive biomarker in the assessment of liver fibrosis and inflammation.

The stability of blast furnace temperature is an important condition to ensure the efficient production of hot metal. Accurate prediction of silicon content in hot metal is of great significance to the control of blast furnace temperature in iron and steel plants. At present, the accuracy of most silicon prediction models can only be guaranteed when the furnace condition is stable. However, due to many factors affecting the silicon content in hot metal of blast furnace, and there are large noises, large delays and large fluctuations in the data, the previous prediction results are of limited guiding significance to the actual production. In this paper, combined with the actual situation, the convolution neural network is used to extract the furnace condition characteristics, and then combined with the attention mechanism and the IndRNN model to get the prediction results, so that the prediction can better adapt to the fluctuating data set. The experimental results show that the prediction error of this model is lower than that of other models, which provides a new solution for the research of silicon content in hot metal of blast furnace.

Feeder reconfiguration is one of the most important method to optimize the distribution system operation. The efficiency of finding the solution by optimization is the key point for solving feeder recontiguration problem. However, different optimization methods have its own Pros and Cons. Such as, the local search ability of the discrete particle swarm optimization is weak and the global search performance of the ant colony system is also not strong. Furthermore, it is difficult to avoid their disadvantages only by modifying the rules. In this paper, a hybrid optimization method based on ant colony system and particle swarm optimization method is proposed. The proposed method applies a novel combination theory to combine the ant colony system and the discrete particle swarm optimization together rather than use them separately in different stages. The selection rules in the proposed method not only based on the pheromone trails like ants but also consider the velocity and position such as particles. The conclusions of the tests are verified the good performance of the hybrid optimization method.

OBJECTIVE To develop a BALB/c mouse model of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) induced by arecoline and to exhibit an accumulation of collagen and angiogenesis changes. METHODS BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to either the control (distilled water) or experimental group (arecoline) (n = 40). Eight mice from each group were sacrificed every 4 weeks since 8 weeks post treatment. Changes in histopathologic features, levels of collagen type I and collagen type III, and angiogenesis were measured. RESULTS In the 8th week, epithelium atrophy, collagen cumulation and micrangium pathologic changes in the lamina propria were observed in the oral mucosa. In the 20th week, hyaline degeneration of the connective tissues was observed on the tongue and palate mucosa. The angiogenesis and collagen type I changed significantly as the diseases advanced (P

Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with new features, such as open structure, compact size, and adaptive field of view (FOV), have attracted significant attention. Among these novel designs, panel PET has the potential to combine the open structure and variable FOV into a compact form. In this paper, we would like to further exploit these structural advantages by proposing a modified version, called the panel PET with window (PPW). A PPW is a panel PET with a rectangular opening in the center of one detector panel, which inherts the advantages of the compact size and adjustable FOV of the panel PET. Meanwhile, it utilizes fewer detector modules and offers additional flexibility and convenience in practical applications. We quantitatively evaluated the imaging performance of the PPW based on Monte Carlo simulations and real data experiments using a prototype system. The results show that the PPW system sensitivity, spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) deteriorate, and the effective FOV narrows down. However, the deterioration is not linear to the increase of window size. In our extreme case with 69.4% of detectors removed from a panel, the degradation of SNR, CNR, and spatial resolution are 42.4%, 43.1%, and 25.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the contrast recovery coefficient of PPW remains almost constant.

Neck pain is a burden to employers and employees amenable to improvement with neck/shoulder strengthening exercises. However, the benefits of such interventions on office workers&rsquo, work ability remains unknown. This study evaluated the effects of a 12-week combined ergonomics and neck/shoulder strengthening exercise intervention (EET, n = 177, mean age 41.7 years, 26% female), versus a 12-week combined ergonomics and health promotion intervention (EHP, n = 173, mean age 43 years, 29% female) on work ability among office workers. Work ability was measured by a single question. Differences in the work ability score were analyzed using the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (i.e., adherence &ge, 70%) analyses for between- and within-group differences at baseline, 12 weeks, and 12 months. A sub-group analysis was performed for neck cases, defined as reporting neck pain as &ge, 3 (out of 10). No significant between-group differences for work ability were observed in the general population, and subgroup of neck cases. A significant group-by-time interaction effect at 12 weeks and the trend for significance at 12 months favored the EET group in the per-protocol analysis of the neck cases. EET was effective in increasing work ability post-intervention and potentially, in the long-term, in symptomatic participants with &ge, 70% adherence to the intervention. However, EET was not superior to EHP.

Introduction: Typhoid fever is a common disease in Yunnan province; however, the resistant phenotype and epidemic characteristics of Salmonella in this area are still unclear. In this study, a 15-year surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella is reported. Methodology: From January 1999 to December 2013, Salmonella isolates were recovered from patients in the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province. Antimicrobial susceptibility was detected and data were analyzed using WHONET5.6. Results: A total of 845 Salmonella isolates were recovered between 1999 and 2013. The most frequently isolated Salmonella serovar was S. Paratyphi A (93%), and 75.1% (635/845) of the isolates were from the young and middle-aged population. The resistance rates of Salmonella spp. to ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone increased dramatically during the 15 years. Carbapenems retained the highest and most stable activity against isolates. The resistance rates of all Salmonella isolates to chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole were 0.4% (3/845) and 1.8% (15/845), respectively. Conclusions: As Salmonella isolates have been observed to be resistant to first-line antibiotics, antimicrobial agents should be used rationally and prescriptions should be based on case-by-case susceptibility testing.

Among 144 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from 4 hospitals in Yunnan province, 113 were identified as carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). BlaKPC-2 (99/113, 87.6%) was the most common carbapenemase gene and Klebsiella pneumoniae (100/113, 88.5%) was the most common species. BlaNDM-1 (11/113, 9.7%), blaIMP-4 (10/113, 8.8%), and blaIMP-1 (1/113, 0.9%) genes were also detected. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes were common in CPE, and the SHV- and CTX-M-types were predominant.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of fenofibrate combination therapy in Chinese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) who had a partial response to standard dose of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for at least one year. METHODS: PBC patients were treated with UDCA (13–15 mg/kg/day) for more than one year. The biochemical response to UDCA treatment was evaluated after treatment. Fenofibrate (200 mg/day) was added to 22 patients with partial response to UDCA. RESULTS: In patients with partial response to UDCA, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels significantly decreased after 3-month combination therapy of UDCA and fenofibrate, 68% of these patients even reached normal ALP level. Serum triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels were improved, and alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were also decreased during the combination therapy. However, fenofibrate had no significant effect on serum bilirubin levels. The improvement of liver biochemical tests was maintained in some patients with long-term therapy (at least 6 months). No obvious adverse effects were observed in patients taking fenofibrate. CONCLUSIONS: Fenofibrate is effective for improving liver biochemical tests in patients who have partial response to UDCA monotherapy. It is worth exploring the efficacy of fenofibrate on histological changes in PBC patients.

The hexagonal prism shaped crystal shows potential to design a PET system for its higher ray blocking efficiency and equidistance with neighbors. This paper proposed a honeycomb PET based on hexagonal prism shaped scintillation crystals. Its performance was evaluated and compared with a traditional PET system based on rectangular prism shaped crystals by GEANT4 simulation. The results show that the sensitivity is enhanced from 2% to 5% in most positions of the field of view (FOV). Meanwhile, the axial, radial and tangential spatial resolution are both improved in the positions near the center of the FOV (0mm, 10mm radial offset), but deteriorated with the offset become larger.

A dimensionless factor was introduced to deduce the analytic expression of impulse coupling coefficient for conical nozzles in the case of spherical symmetry, and a high precision impact pendulum system was used to measure impulse coupling coefficients of 15 conical nozzles with different cone angles and lengths. The expression was corrected according to experimental values. The results indicate that: 1) impulse coupling coefficient increases firstly and then decreases with augment of dimensionless length when cone angle is fixed; 2) impulse coupling coefficient decreases monotonously with augment of cone angle when dimensionless length is fixed; 3) it is of great importance for improving impulse coupling coefficient to increase the rate of laser energy deposition.

Twenty-five new R-branch lines of the v2 (1−←0+) band of H3O+ are measured using diode laser velocity modulation spectroscopy between 1070 and 1230 cm−1. The H3O+ ions are produced in a high voltage ac discharge with water diluted in helium. The observed lines together with all the previously published measurements are fit to the standard vibration-rotational Hamiltonian of an oblate symmetric top, yielding a set of improved molecular constants. All the sextic centrifugal distortion constants for both 0+ and 1− states are determined precisely. The observed R(13,0) transition is shifted about -0.129 cm−1 from its calculated value, indicating that a near degeneracy exists between the (13, 0)+ and (13, 3)− ground-state rotation-inversion levels.

Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is more and more used even in the technical practice of a construction industry. In the preparatory phase of the construction, the problems of a spatial positioning (location) of the construction have to be solved jointly with the checking of the feasibility and purposefulness, the traffic projects are worked out, and the alternative. More detailed solutions of technical problems are designed. At project development there are used various forms of initial documents, results of the actual data gathering and surveys, map sheets, photographs, previous documents referring to the problems solved, and appropriate legal and technical standards. The article presents the experience with the issue of GIS in construction in preparation of buildings, in the implementation phase of the construction in GIS. It presents a model of information system construction and technology of mobile GIS for data collection and use of mobile GIS in water management.

For its complexity, engineering construction schedule design is limited by various factors. Simulation-based engineering construction schedule takes critical path method network as frame and calls complex cyclic operation network simulation model enclosed in advance for its simulation nodes. Cyclic operation network simulation model takes charge of simulating stochastic duration of activity and efficiency of resources, while critical path method model performs proiect scheduling. This combination avoids the shortcomings of both models. Furthermore, geographic information system (GIS) technique is utilized to visuallze the construction processes which are otherwise difficult to be understood by static results described. Application in practical proiect verifies the feasibility and advantage of the technique.

We describe a PVK-based photorefractive polymer composite doped with disperse red 1, poly-butylacrylate and TNF. Using the two-beam coupling experiment, we investigate its photorefractive properties as well as the dynamic process of the index gratings in the sample. We observe the photorefractive effect in the absence of an applied external electric field. The two-beam coupling gain coefficient was measured to reach a value as high as 140 cm-1 in the absence of an external applied electric field and a value of 470 cm-1 at a poling dc electric field of 25V/µm.

To establish a system of environmental and economic accounting, to perfect water conservancy statistics and reinforce united water management, system of modern Environmental and Economic Accounting for Water (SEEAW) should be introduced in our country. The relationship between water resources system (environment) and economy was studied based on the principles and methods of the system of environmental-economic accounting for water (SEEAW) considering the defects of separated internal elements of water resources statistic and difficult connection of the information with the system of national accounting (SNA) in China. It is expected that on the basis of the establishment of SEEAW in China, the system of water resources statistic will be improved so as to provide scientific, comprehensive and systematic information support for the water resource management.

It is important for enterprise to innovate e-business model to gain competitive advantages. Innovation of e-business model attracts interests of academia and industry. The concept of E-business model has been ambiguous for a long times, with each researcher using it in a different meaning depending on the context of discussion. The ambiguity hinders the research on the e-business model and it is necessary to study the concept of ebusiness model for e-business model innovation. Anchored on static and dynamic perspective, a hierarchical concept framework, including role model, scale model, model organism and recipe model, is proposed. The concept framework will provide necessary bases for further research on company's innovation of E-business model.

This paper developed a set of 64-channel information acquisition system, which included signal acquisition unit, signal modification unit, signal communication, PCM encode unit and optical fiber communication unit. The optical fiber communication unit solved the problems such as electromagnetic interference and signal dropframe. The system was demonstrated for its simplicity and stability during initial experiment.

Our country is a country which has more flooding disasters. The affected area is broad, the affected time is long, and the loss is grave. Flood and disasters control will be a long-term and difficult assignment. The research on flood and disasters control needs bring in advanced scientific technology means urgently. It is necessary to improve the flood and disasters control work through the high and new technology. At present, the remote sensing technique, geographic information system and global positioning system (3S) have got rapid development. The spatial information technology with the framework of 3S has been used widely in the flood and disasters control field. This article mainly focuses on the function of spatial information technology, and forecasts the application trend of spatial information technology in modern flood and disasters control.

The method, complex torque coefficient approach, which is used to analyze the sub synchronous oscillation (SSO) problems with the help of PSCAD/EMTDC are recommended. While how to achieve the complex torque coefficient approach by time-domain simulation method effectively has not been specified. With the simulation study of different systems like HVDC system, AC system with series compensation device, etc, amplitude, injection time and additivity of injected oscillating torques are discussed. A set of conclusion to the method is drawn for reference.

In this paper, the working principle of reflective memory network is introduced, reflective memory network is designed and realized, and real-time, delay determinacy and reliability of reflective memory network are tested under QNX real-time operating system. The performance tests indicate that the reflective memory network meets the demands of the real-time and dependability and improves the stability of the power-supply control system greatly.

During the past 40 years China's library science has undergone important development. The paper deals with areas of service and functions developed : construction and distribution of documentation sources; bibliographic control; construction of an information retrieval language; standards in documentation; modernization of library technology and methods; service to reader and user research; education for library and information science; research in library science and international academic exchange programmes

The anterior approach for minimally invasive hip joint surgery is one of the common approaches utilized in hip joint surgery. Here, we report the results of dissections in 60 sides of human adult cadavers. We observed and measured the branches of the superficial circumflex iliac artery, the lateral femoral cutaneous nerves, the lateral circumflex femoral artery, and the superior gluteal nerves in the experiment via the anterior approach for minimally invasive hip joint surgery. The relationship between these structures and the anterior approach was studied. The present study provides important data demonstrating the location, path of dominant structures that might be encountered during the surgery and their relationships with the surgical incision. These data may allow surgeons performing the anterior approach for hip joint surgery to minimize the risk of neurovascular injury.

In hatching process, temperature, relative humidity and oxygen concentration are three main parameters to the success of the incubator. Incubation system is a multi-variable multi-interference and time delay complex dynamic system, a hybrid intelligent control method is proposed. Based on characteristics of complexity and uncertainty for its mathematical models in the hatching process, this paper will divide the system into two structures, considering of the effect of throttle opening which causes temperature and relative humidity big interference and strong coupling, feed-forward compensation decoupling control algorithm is employed for before-class structure to realize the decoupling of main parameters. After decupling, according to different conditions fuzzy immune PID control algorithm or fuzzy control algorithm is selected for back-class structure to realize incubator intelligent control. Finally, the run of system verifies the effectiveness of the control algorithm.

A license plate location method based on projection and genetic algorithm was proposed in this paper. Projection located the left and right edges of license plate. Genetic algorithm searched license plate region with second order moment as objective function which described texture in license plate region quantitatively. Four sub-nets were designed to classify Chinese characters, alphabet characters, alphabet & numeral characters and numeral characters toughly. Small nets were designed to recognize several characters with similar structure precisely. Experiments indicates that locating accuracy of algorithm proposed in this paper is 97%. The algorithm can anti-interference strongly and has a well perform on poor quality image. BP classifier designed in this paper has well stability, high fault tolerant capability and its accuracy is 96.5%.

In this paper, we introduce a new type of gain guided and index antiguided (GG-IAG) large mode area (LMA) fiber structure, basic theory and its important applications in fiber laser fields. We draw a conclusion that the side pump technology is the most appropriate scheme for GG-IAG LMA fiber after comprehensively analyzing the laser output characteristics and the thermal effect of the fiber under different pump conditions. The theoretical simulations of GG-IAG fiber side pump technology and the side pump experiment process are performed by the V groove technology, which is conducible to the experiment research in relevant fields. Finally, the suggestion of how to reduce the difference between the experimental results and the theoretical results is made and its relevant reason is also discussed.

Experimental and numerical investigations of effects of laser pulse waveform on lightcraft performance have been carried out with a simple parabolic lightcraft in the air‐breathing mode. Based on actual pulse waveform of two lasers, two mathematical models of energy injecting are formed, whose temporal waveforms are similar, single pulse energy are the same, but peak power and pulse duration are different. Keeping focal radius and breakdown threshold constant, impulse coupling coefficient and thrust obtained by numerical calculations are compared under the conditions of different pulse waveforms and same actual lightcraft model. And impact pendulum experiments (an incremental encoder was core component to measure the period and the angle of pendulum) have been developed to measure impulse‐coupling coefficient under typical laser pulse waveform. The results indicate that peak power and pulse duration are important parameters in determining the lightcraft performance and waveform with shorter duration and higher peak power is more efficient in improving coupling coefficient and thrust. Under the function of two typical laser pulse waveforms, impulse coupling coefficients obtained by experimental measurement and numerical calculation approximately coincide with each other. The performance of lightcraft can be predicted with the conclusion of this paper. And a useful reference can be offered on pulse waveform design, which is more efficient for laser propulsion.

In this paper, an exciton-photon model is created in an optic microcavity, and then in Bose condensation (BC), the variations of chemical potential range and number density of particles with temperature and position are studied in cases: constant width and varying width. Taking a semiconductor optic microcavity GaAs as example, the influence of temperature on BC is analyzed. The result shows that the range of chemical potential is related to dielectric function and microcavity width, while the number densities of photons and excitons and the sum of both particle numbers are related not only to them but also to temperature. The theoretical temperature of BC of GaAs is close to the experimental value. The densities of photons and excitons are almost equal, and their distributions are restricted to r=0 when BC occurs. With the reduction of temperature the number densities of both particles increase and their distributions expand, and the number of photons is more than that of excitons no matter how the width of optic microcavity changes.

A novel mutual injection phase-locking fiber laser combining technique is proposed， based on a corner-cube and a beam splitter with reflectivity of 50% at 45°， and the mutual injection phase-locking principle is introduced. Mutual injection phase-locking of two individual double clad fiber lasers is experimentally realized, steady interference stripes with high contrast ratio（about 0.57）are observed and more than 10W output power is obtained, which indicates that the power combining efficiency is 76%. Successful attempts of phase lock show that this mutual injection-locking method is a promising technology in the field of fiber laser coherent and the output power can be further scaled.

The photonic band of a set of quasi_fractal photonic crystals, which have similar structure and include idealized metal, is computed by finite-differ ence time_domain method. The result shows that there are photonic band gaps in t his kinds of quasi-fractal photonic crystals. It is found that, with increasing fractal series, the width of the photonic band gap is enlarged, the frequency of the photonic band totally trends to high frequency quickly, at the same time, the photonic band is quickly hauled to line and become a energy level.