Das, Oishika, Kundu, Jayanta, Ghosh, Atanu, Gautam, Anupam, Ghosh, Souradeepa, Chakraborty, Mainak, Masid, Aaheli, Gauri, Samiran Sona, Mitra, Debmalya, Dutta, Moumita, Mukherjee, Budhaditya, Sinha, Surajit, and Bhaumik, Moumita
Introduction and objective: Cholesterol homeostasis is a culmination of cellular synthesis, efflux, and catabolism to important physiological entities where short chain fatty acid, butyrate embodied as a key player. This discourse probes the mechanistic molecular details of butyrate action in maintaining host-cholesterol balance. Methods: Hepatic mir-122 being the most indispensable regulator of cholesterol metabolic enzymes, we studied upstream players of mir-122 biogenesis in the presence and absence of butyrate in Huh7 cells and mice model. We synthesized unique self-transfecting GMO (guanidiniummorpholino-oligo) linked PMO (Phosphorodiamidate-Morpholino Oligo)- based antisense cell-penetrating reagent to selectively knock down the key player in butyrate mediated cholesterol regulation. Results: We showed that butyrate treatment caused upregulation of RNAbinding protein, AUF1 resulting in RNase-III nuclease, Dicer1 instability, and significant diminution of mir-122. We proved the importance of AUF1 and sequential downstream players in AUF1-knock-down mice. Injection of GMOPMO of AUF1 in mouse caused near absence of AUF1 coupled with increased Dicer1 and mir-122, and reduced serum cholesterol regardless of butyrate treatment indicating that butyrate acts through AUF1. Conclusion: The roster of intracellular players was as follows: AUF1-Dicer1-mir-122 for triggering butyrate driven hypocholesterolemia. To our knowledge this is the first report linking AUF-1 with cholesterol biogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]