5 results on '"Natale, Jacopo"'
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2. Integrated on‐land‐offshore stratigraphy of the Campi Flegrei caldera: New insights into the volcano‐tectonic evolution in the last 15 kyr.
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Natale, Jacopo, Ferranti, Luigi, Isaia, Roberto, Marino, Camilla, Sacchi, Marco, Spiess, Volkhard, Steinmann, Lena, and Vitale, Stefano
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CALDERAS , *SEISMIC reflection method , *MARINE transgression , *ABSOLUTE sea level change , *VOLCANISM - Abstract
Silicic calderas are volcanic systems whose unrest evolution is more unpredictable than other volcano types because they often do not culminate in an eruption. Their complex structure strongly influences the post‐collapse volcano‐tectonic evolution, usually coupling volcanism and ground deformation. Among such volcanoes, the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy) is one of the most studied. Significant long‐ and short‐term ground deformations characterise this restless volcano. Several studies performed on the marine‐continental succession exposed in the central sector of the Campi Flegrei caldera provided a reconstruction of ground deformation during the last 15 kyr. However, considering that over one‐third of the caldera is presently submerged beneath the Pozzuoli Gulf, a comprehensive stratigraphic on‐land‐offshore framework is still lacking. This study aims at reconstructing the offshore succession through analysis of high‐resolution single and multichannel reflection seismic profiles and correlates the resulting seismic stratigraphic framework with the stratigraphy reconstructed on‐land. Results provide new clues on the causative relations between the intra‐caldera marine and volcaniclastic sedimentation and the alternating phases of marine transgressions and regressions originated by the interplay between ground deformation and sea‐level rise. The volcano‐tectonic reconstruction, provided in this work, connects the major caldera floor movements to the large Plinian eruptions of Pomici Principali (12 ka) and Agnano Monte Spina (4.55 ka), with the onset of the first post‐caldera doming at ca. 10.5 ka. We emphasise that ground deformation is usually coupled with volcanic activity, which shows a self‐similar pattern, regardless of its scale. Thus, characterising the long‐term deformation history becomes of particular interest and relevance for hazard assessment and definition of future unrest scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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3. Geomorphic analysis of digital elevation model generated from vintage aerial photographs: A glance at the pre-urbanization morphology of the active Campi Flegrei caldera.
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Natale, Jacopo, Vitale, Stefano, Repola, Leopoldo, Monti, Lucia, and Isaia, Roberto
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AERIAL photographs , *DIGITAL elevation models , *CALDERAS , *OPTICAL radar , *LIDAR , *BUILDING stones , *GEOMORPHOLOGY - Abstract
Accurate digital elevation models represent the basic tool for a large spectrum of applications, including geological, architectonic, archaeological, and urbanistic studies. However, aggressive urbanization may significantly alter the morphology of areas of interest. Such is the case of the active Campi Flegrei caldera in southern Italy, where all the buildings, facilities, infrastructures, quarries, and landfills altered the original volcanic morphology. To avoid these limitations, we analyzed a set of vintage aerial photographs acquired in 1943 by Italy's Military Geographic Institute (IGM). We reconstructed the study area's topography before the deep anthropic modification from the 1960s onwards by applying Structure-from-Motion photogrammetric processing. On the reconstructed orthomosaic and a historical-Digital Surface Model (hDMS), we conducted geomorphic analyses along 18 longitudinal stream profiles outside, across the border, and inside the caldera, underlining that the rectilinear sections with preferred orientations and increased incision values suggest a strong structural underpinning on valley incision and stream paths. The analysis of the spatial distribution of sinuosity, SL index, Chi (χ) value and knickpoint maps suggests the presence of tectonic lineaments that influence the stream network from the pre-caldera (>40 ka) to recent times, producing articulated caldera and craters geometry as well as affecting the localization of volcanic vents. The comparison between the 1943 hDSM and 2013 LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) DSM allowed us to spotlight the areas that show the most significant differences due to anthropic intervention that obliterated critical features, thus supporting our motivation to use this base. Overall, the results indicate that long-lived volcano-tectonic and tectonic structures control the orientation of drainage patterns and their re-arrangements during volcano-tectonic deformation phases. Finally, a comprehensive structural map, based on the merged 1943 hDSM and the bathymetric DEM, is presented together with a conceptual evolutionary model of the stream network across the caldera border. Under the proper acquisition conditions, vintage aerial photographs can provide a useful tool for morphological analysis and can be applied to several topics in the geosciences. • The original topography of Campi Flegrei is restored using historical aerial photographs. • Several geomorphic indices highlight the activity of volcano-tectonic structures. • Rectilinear and deeply incised valleys occur in different sectors. • NE–SW and NW–SE oriented tectonic features are overprinted by E–W oriented features. • Tectonic lineaments control the occurrence of volcanism through time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Simultaneous normal and reverse faulting in reactivating caldera faults: A detailed field structural analysis from Campi Flegrei (southern Italy).
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Natale, Jacopo, Vitale, Stefano, and Isaia, Roberto
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CALDERAS , *VOLCANIC eruptions , *THRUST faults (Geology) , *VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc. , *MAGMAS , *KINEMATICS , *LAND subsidence - Abstract
Models of volcanic collapses proposed in the literature rely on combining field examples with analogue and numerical modelling to connect superficial observables to sub-surface volcano-tectonic processes. However, the behaviour of such collapses in an already faulted and fractured medium needs to be better explored. We studied a complex array of normal and reverse faults within the central sector of the active Campi Flegrei caldera, where faults with centimeters-to-meters displacements are hosted in the La Pietra tuff (∼13.5 ka) and the overlying pyroclastic succession of the last ∼5.5 kyr. We analyzed the attitude, kinematics and throw of these structures, employing a UAV-based digital outcrop model. The analysis shows that antithetic normal and reverse faults form in the hanging wall of a pre-existing WNW striking, NNE-dipping master normal fault. Moving northward, the strike of the antithetic faults rotates from WNW to NNW directions, with the latter showing a right-lateral oblique component. The simultaneity and coherence of both kinematics and attitudes are verified by the throw analysis. We associated the formation of this array with the caldera-collapse phase of the Agnano-Monte Spina eruption (∼4.55 ka), which caused off-caldera faulting beyond the main collapsed area. Based on field data, we suggest that during peak caldera-forming phases, wider areas beyond the main caldera scarps can be involved in volcano-tectonic collapses in the presence of a pre-existing fault network and complex tapped reservoirs. This highlights the role of inherited structures in weakening the crust above the magma reservoir that can potentially increase the magnitude and duration of caldera-forming eruptions, as they may induce a broader roof rock subsidence, pressurizing wider regions of the sub-caldera magma system. • We studied a complex array of normal and reverse faults at Campi Flegrei caldera. • These faults occur in the hanging wall of a reactivated master normal fault. • Both normal and reverse faults accommodate the overall displacement. • The array formed during the Agnano Monte Spina Plinian eruption collapse phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. The use and beauty of ultra-high-resolution seismic reflection imaging in Late Quaternary marine volcaniclastic settings, Napoli Bay, Italy
- Author
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Giuseppe Esposito, Flavia Molisso, M. Corradino, Jacopo Natale, Donatella Insinga, Salvatore Passaro, Zoltán Hámori, Luigi Ferranti, Ferenc Horváth, Marco Sacchi, Mauro Caccavale, Fabrizio Pepe, Tamás Tóth, Camilla Marino, Fabio Matano, Sacchi, Marco, Caccavale, Mauro, Corradino, Marta, Esposito, Giuseppe, Ferranti, Luigi, Hámori, Zoltán, Horváth †, Ferenc, Insinga, Donatella Domenica, Marino, Camilla, Matano, Fabio, Molisso, Flavia, Natale, Jacopo, Passaro, Salvatore, Pepe, Fabrizio, Tóth, Tamás, and Insinga, Donatella
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Settore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E Sedimentologica ,Settore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturale ,Stratigraphy ,Volcaniclastic settings ,Pyroclastic rock ,Fault (geology) ,Paleontology ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Pumice ,Campania Volcanism ,Stratovolcano ,Somma-Vesuvius ,high-resolution single channel reflection seismics, Campania Volcanism, Volcaniclastic settings, Campi Flegrei, Caldera ring fault, Somma-Vesuvius, Late Quaternary, Bay of Naples ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Continental shelf ,Resurgent dome ,Caldera ring fault ,Geology ,Late Quaternary ,Seafloor spreading ,Volcano ,High-resolution single channel reflection seismics ,Bay of Naples ,Campi Flegrei - Abstract
A Nápolyi-öbölben felvett ultra nagy felbontású egycsatornás (IKB-Seistec™) reflexiós szeizmikus szelvények korábbi geológiai és geofizikai vizsgálatok eredményeivel együtt kivételes, eddig soha nem látott felbontású szeizmikus leképezését nyújtják a Flegrei-mezők és a Somma-Vezúv felszín alá süllyedt késő-pleisztocén–holocén rétegtani felépí - tésének. A szeizmikus szelvényeken látott geometria és gravitációs magvevővel nyert üledékek adatainak összevetéséből Campania partközeli kontinentális talapzatán számos olyan üledékes és vulkáni szerkezet, valamint hidrotermális jelenség került leképezésre, melyek a legutolsó glaciális maximum (kb. 18 000 év) óta keletkeztek. A Pozzuoli-öbölben mért Seistec szelvények jól mutatják a beomlott kaldera gyűrűs vetőjét, a kb. 15 ezer éves Nápolyi Sárga Tufa (NYT) lerakódáshoz vezető kitöréskor felújuló boltozatot, és alátámasztják a deformáció későnegyedidőszaki korára és stílusára vonatkozó hipotéziseket. A szeizmikus szelvényeken látható a NYT rétegeinek töréses szerkezete, valamint hidrotermális fluidum-feláramlások és vulkáni/szubvulkáni intrúziók a gyűrűs vetők mentén. A Somma-Vezúv rétegvulkán előterében a kontinentális talapzat felett mért szeizmikus szelvények leképezték a Vezúv i.sz. 79-es kitörésekor Herculaneum városát elpusztító piroklaszt-ár tengervízbe érésekor keletkező, gravitációsan összeomló homokhullámok szerkezetét is. A Somma-Vezúv és a Pozzuoli-öböl közti, buckás felszínű Banco della Montagna területén mért szelvények és fúrómagok vulkanoklasztos diapírok sorát tárták fel. Ezeket a konszolidálatlan horzsakőből álló testeket a fluidum - feláramlás és aktív kigázosodás hatására kialakult mélybeli túlnyomás hozta fel a tengerfenékre. Very high-resolution, single channel (IKB-Seistec™) reflection seizmic profiles acquired in the Bay of Naples, com - plemented with geological and geophysical data from the literature, provide unprecedented, superb seismic imaging of the latest Pleistocene–Holocene stratigraphic architecture of the submerged sectors Campi Flegrei and Somma-Vesuvius volcanic districts. Seismic profiles were calibrated by gravity core data and document a range of depositional systems, volcanic structures and hydrothermal features that evolved after the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum (~ 18 ka BP) over the continental shelf on the Campania coastal zone. Seistec profiles from the Pozzuoli Bay yield high-resolution images of the shallow structure of the collapse caldera-ring fault — resurgent dome system associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) (ca 15 ka) and support a working hypothesis to assess the timing and the styles of deformation of the NYT resurgent structure throughout the latest Quaternary. Seismic images also revealed the nature of the fragile deformation of strata along the NYT ring fault system and the occurrence of hydrothermal fluids and volcanic/subvolcanic intrusions ascending along the ring fault zone. Seismic data acquired over the continental shelf off the Somma-Vesuvius stratovolcano, display evidence of gravit - ational instability of wavy bedforms representing the submarine prosecution of pyroclastic flows originated from the Vesuvius during the eruption that destroyed the Roman city of Herculaneum in 79 CE. At the Banco della Montagna, a hummocky seafloor knoll located between the Somma-Vesuvius and the Pozzuoli Bay, seismic profiles and gravity core data revealed the occurrence of a field of volcaniclastic diapirs formed by the dragging and rising up of unconsolidated pumice, as a consequence of fluid overpressure at depth associated with active degassing and fluid venting at the seafloor.
- Published
- 2019
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