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Copyright of Revista Psicología y Salud is the property of Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de investigaciones Psicologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Admission to the emergency department (ED) of patients with advanced or end-of-life (EoL) cancer saturates the services that provide active medical attention to the complications of anticancer therapy, and the lack of specific protocol limits proper handling. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients with advanced cancer admitted to the ED at the EoL in a comprehensive cancer center in Mexico. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to ED of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico City, with 3 or less days before they died, between January 2011 and December 2018. The data collected included clinical and demographic characteristics, reason for admission to the ED, number of admissions to ED in the last month of life, and cancer treatment received. Results: A total of 426 patients were included; 60.8% were female with a median age of 60 years; 71.6% patients were receiving some kind of disease-modifying treatment, although the oncologist had considered they could die within 6 months, and 16 of them were receiving concomitant PC. 8.9% of these patients had been admitted 3 or more times to the ED in the last month. The principal reasons for admission to ED were dyspnea, uncontrolled pain, 12 patients were admitted in active death and 94 died within hours of admission to ED. Conclusions: Palliative care approach in oncological patients admitted to ED is important to avoid unnecesary suffering at the EoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brain metastases (BM) are a frequent complication of cancer and are regularly seen in clinical practice. New treatment modalities are improving survival after diagnosis of BM. However, symptoms are rarely reported and their significance is not well established. The aim of the present study was to investigate neurologic indicators as prognostic markers in patients with brain metastases. A prospectively acquired database from 2 referral centers was analyzed. All patients had had at least 2 neuro-oncologic consultations and magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the diagnosis. Patients were classified according to universally used prognostic scores, gender, primary tumor, localization of BM, and clinical complaints. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to evaluate associations. A total of 570 patients were included; 71% were female, and 91% had solid tumors. Median survival was 11 months (95% confidence interval 9.4-12.6). Of 1322 parenchymal lesions, 78% were supratentorial, and were most commonly in the frontal lobe. The most common symptoms were headache, vision changes, and weakness. Brain metastases in the brainstem were associated with a worse prognosis (P = 0.04). Visual complaints (P = 0.005), altered mental status, (P < 0.0001) and cranial neuropathy (P 0.001) were also associated with a poor outcome, as were poor performance status, more than 1 brain metastases, meningeal carcinomatosis, and uncontrolled primary cancer. Both presenting symptoms and the location of brain metastases have prognostic significance and should be further studied, both as independent prognostic predictors and in conjunction with other factors used in prognostic scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Neurociencia is the property of Academia Mexicana de Neurologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma that affects elderly patients and typically arises in sun-exposed skin. The disease is very rare and only few cases present with no apparent skin lesion. In the retroperitoneum there are only two cases reported in the literature. Case presentation We report a case of a 54-year-old Mexican male with MCC, which presented as a large retroperitoneal mass. Pathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the transabdominal CT-guided biopsy specimen revealed a MCC. The patient underwent preoperative chemotherapy followed by a laparotomy and the mass was successfully excised. Discussion There are two possible explanations for what occurred in our patient. The most plausible theory is the retroperitoneal mass could be a massively enlarged lymph node where precursor cells became neoplastic. This would be consistent with a presumptive diagnosis of primary nodal disease. Moreover, metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes has been reported as relatively common when compared to other sites such as liver, bone, brain and skin. The less probable theory is the non-described “regression” phenomena of a cutaneous MCC, but we are not found a primary skin lesion. Conclusion Preoperative chemotherapy and excision of the primary tumor is the surgical treatment of choice for retroperitoneal MCC. We propose that further studies are needed to elucidate the true efficacy of chemotherapy in conventional and unconventional patients with MCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The immunoreactivity of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is a very specific marker for lung and thyroid neoplasms; the expression of TTF-1 has also been demonstrated in extrapulmonary carcinomas. We examined the expression of TTF-1 in 15 intestinal-type adenocarcinomas of the extrahepatic bile duct. We then compared the expression to TTF-1 staining with other immunohistochemical markers including cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2), Napsin A, and MUC2. We additionally compared the clinicopathological prognostic factors with the TTF-1 expression status. Results. Nuclear TTF-1 staining was detected in 2 cases (13.3%), and Napsin A was positive in the same 2 cases (13.3%). All cases were positive for CK20, CDX2, and MUC2; 5 cases were positive for CK7. There was no correlation between TTF-1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusions. To avoid potential pitfalls, TTF-1 should be interpreted in conjunction with the clinical setting, histology, and the results of markers such as CK7, CK20, Napsin A, and CDX2. This report is the first of TTF-1 positivity in adenocarcinomas from the extrahepatic biliary tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Background: nutritional status might vary according to different underlying illnesses such as cancer or infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In this context, data from developing countries remain scarce. Objectives: the objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status and outcomes of Mexican cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at a tertiary care center. Methods: this was a retrospective study including 121 consecutive cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the National Cancer Institute, Mexico City, during four months. Results: the most frequent oncological diagnoses were gynecological (19 %) and hematological (17 %). Most patients were overweight (35 %). In the univariate analysis, ≥ 65 years, intubation, hypoalbuminemia, high creatinine, lymphopenia, nutrition-impact symptoms, and ECOG 2-4 were statistically associated with lower survival. The median survival of the cohort was 41 days. Conclusions: to our best knowledge, this is the first study of its kind performed in Mexico, and as other studies from other regions, our results might aid in identifying cancer patients most at risk for severe COVID-19, and could be potentially useful to enhance public health messaging on self-isolation and social distancing among Mexican cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Objective: the exact prevalence of obesity in Mexico is not well known and varies between sources, but more than 30% of Mexico's population are obese. Obesity is associated with several diseases such as metabolic syndrome; the latter, along with cancer, have become public health concerns worldwide, and their association has been widely studied in developed countries. The aim of this study was to identify the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to describe its characteristics among first-time cancer patients at a referral center in Mexico. Methods: a prospective, observational, cohort study of first-time patients of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico in the period of September 2016-2017. We identified 1,165 first-time patients, and 316 patients with known or recently diagnosed metabolic syndrome were included. Results: median age was 55 years old and most were female (81%). The most frequent tumors were breast, gynecological, and hematological. Obesity (class 1-3) and abnormal glucose and/or previous diabetes mellitus diagnosis were mostly observed in patients with skin and soft tissue tumors; dyslipidemia, high triglycerides, and/or low HDL-cholesterol were mostly observed in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Conclusion: the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among first-time cancer patients was 27%. As obesity and cancer are of public concern in Mexico, the implementation of preventive strategies for metabolic syndrome patients, focusing on the first level of care during early stages in order to reduce the risk of cancer, is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral Cavernomas (CC) are vascular malformations located in the Central Nervous System (CNS) characterized by endothelium-lined vascular channels without parenchyma between them, whose main risk is hemorrhage. The aim of this study is to report adult cancer patients that developed CC after radiotherapy (RT) to the CNS during oncological surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Colorectal medullary carcinoma (MC) is a rare subtype of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) with unclear prognostic significance. Microsatellite instable (MSI) colorectal carcinomas have demonstrated better prognosis in clinical stage II. Aim: To analyze the survival and clinicopathological characteristics of MCs versus PDAs with MSI in clinical stage III. Material and methods: We studied 22 cases of PDAs with MSI versus 10 MCs. Results: Of the 10 MCs, 7 patients were men; the mean age was 57.8 ±5.6 years. The mean tumor size was 9.6 ±4.1 cm, and the primary site was the right colon in 9; 7 patients showed lymph node metastases (LNM) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Of the 22 PDA cases, 12 (54.5%) were women with a mean age of 75 ±16.1 years. The mean tumor size was 6.4 ±3.2 cm. Twelve (54.5%) presented in the right colon, 21 (95.5%) showed LNM and 7 (31.8%) LVI. Follow-up was 32 ±8 months, with a 5-year overall survival of 42.9% for MCs and 76.6% for PDAs (p = 0.048). Univariate analysis found local recurrence (p = 0.001) and medullary subtype (p = 0.043) associated with lower survival. Conclusions: Medullary carcinomas were of greater tumor size and associated with more LVI and worse survival versus PDAs with MSI in stage III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]