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Granulomatous mastitis (GM) in accessory breast tissue is rare. The present study aimed to report a rare case of GM in accessory breast tissue. A 39-year-old female patient presented with right axillary discomfort and swelling for ~5 days. On clinical examination, a tender, firm lump was detected in the right axillary region. The ultrasound showed diffuse parenchymal heterogeneity and surrounding edema in the right accessory breast associated with reactive axillary lymph nodes. Following unresponsiveness to conservative treatment, a surgical procedure was performed in the form of an excisional biopsy and the lesion was diagnosed as GM. During the six-month follow-up, there were no recurrences. The exact cause of GM remains uncertain and the etiology within accessory breast tissue is even less understood. Proposed mechanisms suggest that it may result from an exaggerated immune response triggered by various factors, such as infection, autoimmunity or hormonal fluctuations. GM in accessory breast tissue is a rare and challenging clinical condition to be diagnosed. Due to the rarity of this condition, it highlights the importance of including GM in the differential diagnosis of axillary masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early diagnosis and appropriate staging workup are crucial for cancer patients. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) has been proposed as another practical whole-body approach for assessing local invasiveness and distant metastases in patients newly diagnosed with cancer. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of WB-MRI in assessing metastasis in patients newly diagnosed with cancer using histopathologic data as the reference method. A prospective observational study was performed from April 2018 to July 2020. MRI sequences were utilized to acquire anatomical and functional images in three orthogonal planes. The discovery was classified as nodal, skeletal and visceral metastases. Patient-based analysis was used for visceral metastasis and region-based for skeletal, systemic and lymph node metastases. A total of 43 consecutive patients (mean age, 56±15.2 years) were assessed successively. In 41 patients, there was a concordance between the WB-MRI and histological confirmation. The most prevalent site of metastasis was the skeletal system (18 patients). There were 12 individuals with liver metastasis, 10 with lung metastasis and 4 with peritoneal metastasis, with just one brain metastatic lesion found. On WB-MRI, 38 lymph node groups were deemed positive. Out of the total, 66 skeletal locations contained metastases. The accuracy of WB-MRI for nodal, skeletal and visceral metastases was (98.45, 100 and 100%, respectively). In conclusion, WB-MRI in three orthogonal planes, including the diffusion-weighted MRI with background body signal suppression sequence, may be utilized efficiently and accurately for assessing metastasis staging and may thus be utilized in patients with newly diagnosed cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]