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Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide and non-toxic bioactive polymer with a wide variety of applications due to its functional properties such as ease of modification, and biodegradability. In this investigation, magnetic cores (Fe3O4) were synthesized using a fabrication method involving coprecipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Then the magnetic nanoparticles were encapsulated by chitosan layers. In the next step, magnetite-gold composite nanoparticles were synthesized with spherical shapes and sizes ranging from 20 to 30 nm, using sodium citrate as a natural reducing agent. The morphological and physicochemical features of the material were determined using several advanced techniques like FT-IR, ICP analysis, FESEM, EDS, XRD, TEM, XPS and VSM. In the biological part of the present study, the cell viability of Fe3O4, HAuCl4, and Fe3O4@CS/AuNPs was very low against human colorectal carcinoma cell lines i.e. Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, and HT-29, human gastric cancer cell lines i.e. MKN45, AGS, and KATO III, and human pancreatic cancer cell lines i.e. PANC-1, AsPC-1, and MIA PaCa-2. The IC50 of Fe3O4@CS/AuNPs against Ramos.2G6.4C10, HCT-8 [HRT-18], HCT 116, HT-29, MKN45, AGS, KATO III, PANC-1, AsPC-1, and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines were 385, 429, 264, 286, 442, 498, 561, 513, 528, and 425 μg/mL, respectively. Thereby, the best cytotoxicity results of our Fe3O4@CS/AuNPs were observed in the case of the HCT 116 cell line. Seemingly, the present nanoparticles may be used for the treatment of several types of gastro-duodenal cancers especially colon, gastric, and pancreatic cancers in near future.

Qingli Cui, Yanhui Hu, Dongyang Ma, Huaimin Liu Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Huaimin LiuDepartment of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou 450008, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail huaiminliu@sina.comObjective: Anlotinib, an oral small-molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) on tumor angiogenesis and growth, has a wide spectrum of inhibitory effects on targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 2/3 (VEGFR2/3), etc. The efficacy and safety of anlotinib in the treatment of platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer were evaluated.Patients and Methods: Patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer that treated with anlotinib in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2018 to March 2020 were included. Medical records were reviewed in terms of objective response, survival outcomes, and safety.Results: A total of 38 patients were analyzed. The median progression-free survival and the median overall survival were 7.7 months (95% CI: 6.7– 8.7) and 16.5 months (95% CI: 13.3– 19.7), respectively. About 17 patients received anlotinib monotherapy, and the median progression-free survival was 7.7 months (95% CI: 6.3– 9.1). A total of 19 cases received anlotinib plus chemotherapy with a median progression-free survival of 8.0 months (95% CI: 4.8– 11.2). A total of 2 cases received anlotinib plus anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab, and 1 case had partial response, the other progressive disease. The objective response rate was 42.1% while the disease control rate was 86.8%. A total of 5 patients experienced dose reduction from 12 mg to 10 mg because of adverse effects. The most common adverse effects were hypertension (31.6%), fatigue (28.9%), anorexia (26.3%) and hand-foot syndrome (23.7%). No treatment-related deaths were recorded.Conclusion: Anlotinib produced moderate improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer. It indicates that anlotinib maybe a new treatment option for patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer.Keywords: angiogenesis, anlotinib, ovarian cancer, platinum-resistant