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Background: Present study aimed to better understand the potential apoptotic pathways that involved in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Methods: Human prostate cancer DU145 cells were treated with different concentrations of fish oil, omega-3 PUFA (DHA, and Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA), or omega-6 PUFA (Arachidonic acid, AA). Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay and Hoechst staining. Pathway-focused gene expression profiling of DU145 cells was analyzed with the RT2 Profile PCR Array System. The results were verified by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: AA exposure showed no obvious effect on viability of DU145 cells. However, exposure with fish oil, EPA, or DHA for 24 h significantly affected cell viability. The growth inhibition of DHA was more pronounced than that of EPA and showed a time-dependent increase. DHA exposure caused typical apoptotic characteristics. Ten genes were more expressed, while 5 genes were less expressed following DHA exposure. RT-qPCR confirmed the time dependent effect of DHA on the expression of these differentially expressed genes. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DHA may induce the apoptosis of cancer cells preferentially through mediating P53, MAPK, TNF, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the beneficial action of DHA on human prostate carcinoma cell line DU145. The pro-apoptotic effect of DHA on DU145 cells may involve mediation various pathways, especially P53, MAPK, TNF, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Molecular mechanisms of DHA on apoptosis of cancer cells still need to be further clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of MMP-2 silencing on the invasion and growth of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Hep-2 cells were transfected with MMP-2-RNAi-Lentivirus, and MMP-2 expression and invasive properties of the cells were evaluated. The experimental tumors in the nude mice were intratumorally injected with the same recombinant lentivirus. The inhibition of tumor growth was observed. The expression of MMP-2 protein in MMP-2 siRNA transfected Hep-2 cells was effectively suppressed. Both the viability and invasive ability of Hep-2 cells were significantly inhibited. The average weight and volume of tumor in MMP-2-RNAi-Lentivirus treated group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.01). The PCNA index was obviously lower in MMP-2 RNAi treated tumors ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, MMP-2 silencing by recombinant lentivirus mediated RNA interference can inhibit invasion and growth of LSCC, and MMP-2 might be a potential target for gene therapy in LSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]