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Brain metastases are serious complication of cancer. Progress in brain imaging, intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring and neurosurgical equipment have increased the extent of the resection and safety of neurosurgical operations while reducing mortality and morbidity. Surgical resection is still the first considered therapeutic option. It is especially recommended for patients with solitary cerebral metastasis in accessible localization, in good clinical conditions and with favourable prognosis. It is relatively contraindicated in the case of uncontrolled cancer disease, poor clinical conditions, in the case of radiosensitive tumours, poor disease prognosis and presence of more than three cerebral metastases. Surgical therapy for two or three metastases is also possible, but its role may be questionable in some aspects. General recommendations are not clearly defined in the case of recurrent metastases as well, and individual assessment is preferred based on the evaluation of the number of prognostic factors. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE "uniform requirements" for biomedical papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]