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Patients with hematological malignancies are at increased risk of influenza and its complications, but evidence for the efficacy of influenza vaccination in this population is limited. We sought to determine whether patients being treated for hematological malignancies were able to mount protective antibodies to the H1N1 influenza vaccine. Pre- and post-vaccination plasma samples were collected from patients with hematological malignancies during the 2009-2010 influenza season. Seroconversion was defined as a four-fold increase in antibody titer, as measured by the hemagglutinin inhibition test. Sixty-two patients received the H1N1 vaccine and 41 patients were unvaccinated controls. The rate of seroconversion among vaccinated patients was 21%, which was significantly higher than that in unvaccinated patients (0%), but significantly lower than that previously reported for healthy adults. Physicians should be aware that influenza vaccination may not generate an immune response in patients with hematological malignancies. Larger studies are required to confirm these results.

Although patients with Hodgkin lymphoma treated with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy frequently develop neutropenia, febrile neutropenia is uncommon. Three retrospective trials reported that ABVD could be safely administered without dose delays or granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) support. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 89 patients treated with ABVD and found that the incidence of febrile neutropenia was 0.5% (five of 927 treatments). This prompted a change to our institutional policy so that patients receiving ABVD no longer receive routine G-CSF for uncomplicated neutropenia. We then prospectively assessed the safety of this policy change. Thirty-three patients received a total of 327 ABVD treatments, 185 (57%) of which were administered with a neutrophil count