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Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from anthropogenic activities are a contributing factor to the growing global warming worldwide. The economical method to recover and effectively reuse CO2 is through adsorption and absorption. In this study, CO2 is absorbed into the solution of sodium hydroxide having various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 N), and the impact of the solution pH on the various product formation was observed. The resultant products formed at different pH of the absorbing solution are sodium carbonate at pH 10, Trona at pH 9, and sodium hydrogen carbonate at pH 8. The products formed are confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis. After pH optimization, the sodium hydrogen carbonate formed at pH 8 is converted into sodium formate through hydrogenation in the presence of nickel ferrite catalyst at 80 °C and atmospheric pressure. The sodium formate produced is then used as a precursor to synthesize formic acid upon simple reaction with sulfuric acid. A reaction % age yield of 79 ± 0.2% formic acid is noted. Condensed formic acid vapors are later analyzed, using a high performance liquid chromatography for the qualitative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is focusing on the synthesis of biochar-based Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) bound nanofibers through electrospinning and its CO 2 adsorption capacity. Poultry litter was used for synthesizing the biochar at 300–600 °C. Synthesized biochar and fibers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to find out its morphology, composition, mass loss, functional groups, and crystalline structure. Biochar prepared at 500 °C showed rich micro-porosity. The average diameter of the nanofibers was found at 579 nm and was thermally stable up to 300 °C. The adsorption parameters under study was temperature, contact time, amine treatment, and the effect of CO 2 concentration. An increasing trend was observed in adsorption capacity by increasing the contact time between the biochar nanofiber fabric and the gas and a reverse trend was prominent with increasing temperature. Keeping all other parameters constant, at 20 °C and 20 min contact time the adsorption capacity reached its maximum value of 426 mg/g. It was observed that for the same adsorption conditions the adsorption capacity of amine treated biochar-based nanofibers increased from 426 to 462 mg/g. The presence of amino groups on the surface of biochar was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. • Biochar was thermally derived from poultry litter biomass. • PVA based biochar nanofibers were found thermally stable up to 300 °C. • CO 2 adsorption on biochar nanofibers increases with contact time. • Amine treated biochar nanofibers showed increased CO 2 adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]