1. Validation of fumonisin biomarkers in F344 rats.
- Author
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Cai Q, Tang L, and Wang JS
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Biomarkers analysis, Biomarkers metabolism, Carcinogens, Environmental administration & dosage, Carcinogens, Environmental pharmacokinetics, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Food Contamination, Fumonisins administration & dosage, Fumonisins pharmacokinetics, Humans, Lysophospholipids metabolism, Male, Mycotoxins administration & dosage, Mycotoxins pharmacokinetics, Random Allocation, Rats, Rats, Inbred F344, Sphingosine analogs & derivatives, Sphingosine analysis, Sphingosine metabolism, Time Factors, Carcinogens, Environmental pharmacology, Fumonisins pharmacology, Mycotoxins pharmacology
- Abstract
Fumonisins (FNs) are ubiquitous contaminants of cereal grains. Fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) was linked to several animal and human diseases. To validate FB(1) biomarkers for studying human disease risks, F344 rats were administered by gavage with either a single dose of 0, 10 or 25 mg FB(1)/kg body weight (BW) or repeated doses of 0, 1.0, or 2.5 mg FB(1)/kg BW/day for 5 weeks. FB(1) excretion and FB(1)-induced metabolic alterations of sphingolipids in rat urine, feces and serum were assessed. Dose-dependent urinary and fecal excretion of free FB(1) were found in both single-dose- and repeat-dose-treated rats. In the single-dose study, urinary sphinganine (Sa) to sphingosine (So) ratio (Sa/So) reached a maximum at day 7 for the high-dose group and at day 5 for the low-dose group, whereas serum Sa/So showed only marginal changes. In the repeat-dose study, urinary Sa/So was persistently elevated at 2 weeks, while serum Sa/So was unchanged. Time course changes of sphinganine 1-phosphate (SaP) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (SoP) were also examined. Although serum Sa/So and SaP/SoP ratios showed no signs of time- or dose-dependent changes, a 10-fold increase in urinary SaP/SoP was observed, suggesting that urinary SaP/SoP is a more sensitive biomarker for FB(1) exposure. The accumulation of SaP and SoP was evident in the time course of SaP/Sa and SoP/So, which may reflect activity changes of enzymes closely related to the metabolism and catabolism of SaP and SoP. These results provide concrete evidence towards the practical use of excreted FB(1), Sa/So and SaP/SoP as biomarkers of exposure to FNs.
- Published
- 2007
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